Thermodynamic, Transport, and Chemical Properties of “Reference ...

250.0240.0230.0T k , o C220.0210.0JP-8-3773 (flight line)200.0190.0180.00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Distillate Volume Fraction, %Figure 23: Distillation curve of JP-8-3773, obtained directly from the flight line ofWright Patterson Air Force Base. The temperatures have been adjusted to 1 atm with themodified Sydney Young equation; uncertainties are discussed in the text.While the gross examination of the distillation curves is instructive and valuable formany design purposes, the composition channel of the advanced approach can provideeven greater understanding and information content. One can sample and examine theindividual fractions as they emerge from the condenser, as discussed in the introduction.Following the analytical procedure described, samples were collected and prepared foranalysis. Chemical analyses of each fraction were done by gas chromatography withflame ionization detection and mass spectrometric detection. Representativechromatograms (measured by flame ionization detection) for each fraction of Jet-A-4658are shown in Figure 24. The time axis is from 0 to 12 minutes for each chromatogram,and the abundance axis is presented in arbitrary units of area counts. It is clear thatalthough there are many peaks on each chromatogram (30 – 40 major peaks, and 60 – 80minor and trace peaks), these chromatograms are much simpler than those of the neatfluids, which can contain 300 - 400 peaks. At the very start of each chromatogram is thesolvent front, which does not interfere with the sample. One can follow the progressionof the chromatograms in Figure 24 as the distillate fraction becomes richer in the heaviercomponents. This figure illustrates just one chemical analysis strategy that can be45