Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hypothyroidism in Adults ...

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PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR HYPOTHYROIDISM IN ADULTS 1231189. Biondi B, Fazio S, Cuocolo A, Sabatini D, Nicolai E,Lombardi G, Salvatore M, Sacca L 1996 Impairedcardiac reserve and exercise capacity in patients receivinglong-term thyrotropin suppressive therapywith levothyroxine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81:4224–4228.190. Abdulrahman RM, Delgado V, Hoftijzer HC, NgAC, Ewe SH, Marsan NA, Holman ER, Hovens GC,Corssmit EP, Romijn JA, Bax JJ, Smit JW 2011 Bothexogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism and shorttermovert hypothyroidism affect myocardial strainin patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.Thyroid 21:471–476.191. Stall GM, Harris S, Sokoll LJ, Dawson-Hughes B1990 Accelerated bone loss in hypothyroid patientsovertreated with L-thyroxine. Ann Intern Med113:265–269.192. Faber J, Galloe AM 1994 Changes in bone massduring prolonged subclinical hyperthyroidism dueto L-thyroxine treatment: a meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol130:350–356.193. Uzzan B, Campos J, Cucherat M, Nony P, Boissel JP,Perret GY 1996 Effects on bone mass of long termtreatment with thyroid hormones: a meta-analysis. JClin Endocrinol Metab 81:4278–4289.194. Bauer DC, Ettinger B, Nevitt MC, Stone KL 2001Risk for fracture in women with low serum levels ofthyroid-stimulating hormone. Ann Intern Med134:561–568.195. Biondi B, Fazio S, Carella C, Sabatini D, Amato G,Cittadini A, Bellastella A, Lombardi G, Sacca L 1994Control of adrenergic overactivity by beta-blockadeimproves the quality of life in patients receiving longterm suppressive therapy with levothyroxine. J ClinEndocrinol Metab 78:1028–1033.196. Botella-Carretero JI, Galan JM, Caballero C, Sancho J,Escobar-Morreale HF 2003 Quality of life and psychometricfunctionality in patients with differentiatedthyroid carcinoma. Endocr Relat Cancer 10:601–610.197. Samuels MH 2008 Cognitive function in untreatedhypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Curr OpinEndocrinol Diabetes Obes 15:429–433.198. Walsh JP, Ward LC, Burke V, Bhagat CI, Shiels L,Henley D, Gillett MJ, Gilbert R, Tanner M, StuckeyBG 2006 Small changes in thyroxine dosage do notproduce measurable changes in hypothyroid symptoms,well-being, or quality of life: results of adouble-blind, randomized clinical trial. J Clin EndocrinolMetab 91:2624–2630.199. Boeving A, Paz-Filho G, Radominski RB, Graf H,Amaral de Carvalho G 2011 Low-normal or highnormalthyrotropin target levels during treatment ofhypothyroidism: a prospective, comparative study.Thyroid 21:355–360.200. Stricker R, Echenard M, Eberhart R, Chevailler MC,Perez V, Quinn FA 2007 Evaluation of maternalthyroid function during pregnancy: the importanceof using gestational age-specific reference intervals.Eur J Endocrinol 157:509–514.201. Gilbert RM, Hadlow NC, Walsh JP, Fletcher SJ,Brown SJ, Stuckey BG, Lim EM 2008 Assessment ofthyroid function during pregnancy: first-trimester(weeks 9–13) reference intervals derived from WesternAustralian women. Med J Aust 189:250–253.EL3EL2EL3EL2EL2EL2EL3EL3EL4EL2EL2EL2EL2202. Bocos-Terraz JP, Izquierdo-Alvarez S, Bancalero-Flores JL, Alvarez-Lahuerta R, Aznar-Sauca A, Real-Lopez E, Ibanez-Marco R, Bocanegra-Garcia V,Rivera-Sanchez G 2009 Thyroid hormones accordingto gestational age in pregnant Spanish women. BMCRes Notes 2:237.203. Haddow JE, Knight GJ, Palomaki GE, McClain MR,Pulkkinen AJ 2004 The reference range and withinpersonvariability of thyroid stimulating hormoneduring the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.J Med Screen 11:170–174.204. Mannisto T, Surcel HM, Ruokonen A, VaarasmakiM, Pouta A, Bloigu A, Jarvelin MR, Hartikainen AL,Suvanto E 2011 Early pregnancy reference intervalsof thyroid hormone concentrations in a thyroid antibody-negativepregnant population. Thyroid 21:291–298.205. Marwaha RK, Chopra S, Gopalakrishnan S, SharmaB, Kanwar RS, Sastry A, Singh S 2008 Establishmentof reference range for thyroid hormones in normalpregnant Indian women. BJOG 115:602–606.206. Panesar NS, Li CY, Rogers MS 2001 Reference intervalsfor thyroid hormones in pregnant Chinesewomen. Ann Clin Biochem 38:329–332.207. Soldin OP, Soldin D, Sastoque M 2007 Gestationspecificthyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormonelevels in the United States and worldwide. TherDrug Monit 29:553–559.208. Sosa JA, Bowman HM, Tielsch JM, Powe NR, GordonTA, Udelsman R 1998 The importance of surgeonexperience for clinical and economic outcomesfrom thyroidectomy. Ann Surg 228:320–330.209. Ortiz R, Hupart KH, DeFesi CR, Surks MI 1998 Effectof early referral to an endocrinologist on efficiencyand cost of evaluation and development oftreatment plan in patients with thyroid nodules. JClin Endocrinol Metab 83:3803–3807.210. Kumar H, Daykin J, Holder R, Watkinson JC,Sheppard MC, Franklyn JA 2001 An audit of managementof differentiated thyroid cancer in specialistand non-specialist clinic settings. Clin Endocrinol(Oxf ) 54:719–723.211. 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1232 GARBER ET AL.217. Haddow JE, Palomaki GE, Allan WC, Williams JR,Knight GJ, Gagnon J, O’Heir CE, Mitchell ML, HermosRJ, Waisbren SE, Faix JD, Klein RZ 1999 Maternalthyroid deficiency during pregnancy andsubsequent neuropsychological development of thechild. N Engl J Med 341:549–555.218. Yu X, Shan Z, Teng W, Xue H, Li YB, Wang W, Li J,Chen Y, Li J, Fan C, Wang H, Zhang H, Guo R 2010A prospective study on impact of subclinical hypothyroidismduring pregnancy receiving levothyroxinetreatment or not on neuropsychologicaldevelopment of the offspring. ITC 2010-1037. 14thInternational Thyroid Conference, Paris, France, September11–16.219. Lazarus JH, Bestwick JP, Channon S, Paradice R,Maina A, Rees R, Chiusano E, John R, Guaraldo V,George LM, Perona M, Dall’Amico D, Parkes AB,Joomun M, Wald NJ 2012 Antenatal thyroidscreening and childhood cognitive function. N Engl JMed 366:493–501.220. 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Negro R, Formoso G, Mangieri T, Pezzarossa A,Dazzi D, Hassan H 2006 Levothyroxine treatment ineuthyroid pregnant women with autoimmune thyroiddisease: effects on obstetrical complications. JClin Endocrinol Metab 91:2587–2591.225. Kim CH, Ahn JW, Kang SP, Kim SH, Chae HD,Kang BM 2011 Effect of levothyroxine treatment onin vitro fertilization and pregnancy outcome in infertilewomen with subclinical hypothyroidism undergoingin vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmicsperm injection. Fertil Steril 95:1650–1654.226. Morreale de Escobar G, Obregon MJ, Escobar delRey F 2000 Is neuropsychological development relatedto maternal hypothyroidism or to maternalhypothyroxinemia? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:3975–3987.227. Morreale de Escobar G 2001 The role of thyroidhormone in fetal neurodevelopment. J Pediatr EndocrinolMetab 14 Suppl 6:1453–1462.228. 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Henrichs J, Bongers-Schokking JJ, Schenk JJ, GhassabianA, Schmidt HG, Visser TJ, Hooijkaas H, deMuinck Keizer-Schrama SM, Hofman A, Jaddoe VV,Visser W, Steegers EA, Verhulst FC, de Rijke YB,Tiemeier H 2010 Maternal thyroid function duringearly pregnancy and cognitive functioning in earlychildhood: the generation R study. J Clin EndocrinolMetab 95:4227–4234.232. Oken E, Braverman LE, Platek D, Mitchell ML, LeeSL, Pearce EN 2009 Neonatal thyroxine, maternalthyroid function, and child cognition. J Clin EndocrinolMetab 94:497–503.233. Yassa L, Marqusee E, Fawcett R, Alexander EK 2010Thyroid hormone early adjustment in pregnancy(the THERAPY) trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab95:3234–3241.234. Mandel SJ, Larsen PR, Seely EW, Brent GA 1990Increased need for thyroxine during pregnancy inwomen with primary hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med323:91–96.235. Tamaki H, Amino N, Takeoka K, Mitsuda N, MiyaiK, Tanizawa O 1990 Thyroxine requirement duringpregnancy for replacement therapy of hypothyroidism.Obstet Gynecol 76:230–233.236. Kaplan MM 1992 Monitoring thyroxine treatmentduring pregnancy. Thyroid 2:147–152.237. Kaplan MM, Meier DA 1998 Thyroid diseases inpregnancy. In: Gleicher N (ed) Principles and Practiceof Medical Therapy in Pregnancy, 3rd edition.Appleton & Lange, Stamford, CT, pp 432–448.238. Verga U, Bergamaschi S, Cortelazzi D, Ronzoni S,Marconi AM, Beck-Peccoz P 2009 Adjustment of L-T4 substitutive therapy in pregnant women withsubclinical, overt or post-ablative hypothyroidism.Clin Endocrinol (Oxf ) 70:798–802.239. Alvarez-Marfany M, Roman SH, Drexler AJ, RobertsonC, Stagnaro-Green A 1994 Long-term prospectivestudy of postpartum thyroid dysfunction inwomen with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. JClin Endocrinol Metab 79:10–16.240. Glass AR, Kushner, J. 1996 Obesity, nutrition, andthe thyroid. Endocrinologist 6:392–404.241. Plummer WA 1940 Body weight in spontaneousmyxedema. Transactions of the American Associationfor the Study of Goiter, pp 88–98.242. Karmisholt J, Andersen S, Laurberg P 2011 Weightloss after therapy of hypothyroidism is mainly causedby excretion of excess body water associated withmyxoedema. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96:E99–103.243. Knudsen N, Laurberg P, Rasmussen LB, Bulow I,Perrild H, Ovesen L, Jorgensen T 2005 Small differencesin thyroid function may be important forbody mass index and the occurrence of obesity inthe population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:4019–4024.EL3EL3EL3EL2EL2EL3EL3EL3EL4EL3EL3EL4EL2EL2EL3
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