BOOKS IN REVIEWputs a disclaimer to his be<strong>in</strong>g a Canadian,and states that "If it weren't for the medical<strong>in</strong>surance th<strong>in</strong>g, I guess we would live<strong>in</strong> the U.S." When asked if the "artist hasa social function, perhaps a moral role toplay <strong>in</strong> society?" K<strong>in</strong>sella replies: "That'slike gett<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> politics. I don'tsee the writer or artist meddl<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> suchareas.. . . The fiction writer's role <strong>in</strong> lifeis simply to enterta<strong>in</strong>." Elsewhere, hesimply says he's <strong>in</strong> it for the money.The epilogue <strong>of</strong> The Mach<strong>in</strong>e M<strong>in</strong>dersLells us that this series "has been published<strong>in</strong> objection to the cont<strong>in</strong>ued creation <strong>of</strong>State Literature through governmentsubsidies to the Arts. The first volume <strong>of</strong>TANKS will consist <strong>of</strong> five books, all <strong>of</strong>which share the characteristic <strong>of</strong> be<strong>in</strong>gobjectionable to the government." Mach<strong>in</strong>eM<strong>in</strong>ders is short, well-written, andcomes with f<strong>in</strong>e illustrations by MaureenSugrue; it is, however, a very troubleàomebook. Focus<strong>in</strong>g on the work <strong>of</strong> CraigRa<strong>in</strong>e, Kociejowski claims that the onlyreason some artists are <strong>in</strong> the public arenais that our age is "an age which is <strong>in</strong>capable<strong>of</strong> poetry," because we have lost "theidea <strong>of</strong> Orig<strong>in</strong>al S<strong>in</strong>," and "recourse to alarger orthodoxy."The "values" Kociejowski wants us toembrace are those <strong>of</strong> the Right, his"orthodoxy" the tradition <strong>of</strong> the elite —poorly def<strong>in</strong>ed and not ecclesiastical. "Badtaste," "moral authority," the belief that"no atheist can be a great artist," allharken back to a critical position <strong>in</strong>imicalto the modern m<strong>in</strong>dset, and to manywriters antithetical to creativity. I th<strong>in</strong>kthis provocative volume is a giant stepbackwards.C. D. MAZOFFHIDDEN POWERSANN DIAMOND, Snakebite. Cormorant Books,$10.95.ANNE CAMERON, Daughter <strong>of</strong> Copper Woman.Press Gang, $9.50.ANN DIAMOND IS AN anglophone writerfrom Québec best-known for her prosepoem A Nun's Diary (1984, 1989) andfor her novel Mona's Dance (1988). InSnakebite she has, with one exception,put together ten stories set <strong>in</strong> Québec.There is no narrative l<strong>in</strong>k between thesequence <strong>of</strong> the stories, yet her idiosyncraticvoice where realism and the fantasticare blurred connects them all.The cover depicts tw<strong>in</strong>-like figures,similar yet opposite. This image is <strong>in</strong> harmonywith the b<strong>in</strong>ary oppositions dom<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>gthe stories. The title story "Snakebite,"to some extent autobiographical, isa dist<strong>in</strong>ctive example for this k<strong>in</strong>d <strong>of</strong> composition.It is the story <strong>of</strong> a young child :she suffers from all the contradictions thatshe acutely observes <strong>in</strong> her surround<strong>in</strong>gs.Her mother is Catholic and her fatherPresbyterian. She is not encouraged tospeak French and is very much discouraged,from mak<strong>in</strong>g friends with a Jewishgirl next door. Thus she lives <strong>in</strong> a spiritualexile which causes her to have nightmaresfull <strong>of</strong> devilish creatures. Diamond wonderfullypenetrates the soul <strong>of</strong> this torturedchild.Diamond's characters are ma<strong>in</strong>ly women,both English and French. They aremore powerfully depicted than men <strong>in</strong> thestories. Some are artists, <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> thewomen's movement and try<strong>in</strong>g to placethemselves <strong>in</strong> this world. Others havemagic power and misuse it. Others yet areunder the <strong>in</strong>fluence <strong>of</strong> supernatural forces<strong>of</strong> some sort, aga<strong>in</strong>st which they feel defenceless.There are also witchdoctors,vampires, crim<strong>in</strong>als, mermaids, androgynes,<strong>in</strong>dividuals whose identity is halfhuman and half animal.202
BOOKS IN REVIEWOne <strong>of</strong> the most successful <strong>of</strong> the storiesis the carefully constructed "Roses," afictional representation <strong>of</strong> Ann Diamond'scritical observation: "Québec is Canada'sunknown 'Other,' where all evil is to orig<strong>in</strong>ate.We're like the wife <strong>in</strong> an extremelypatriarchial marriage. Our concerns havenever really been <strong>in</strong>corporated <strong>in</strong>to thema<strong>in</strong>stream consciousness. And if you'reEnglish here your situation is even moreambiguous." Joan, a writer, goes to Montréal,because she wants to discover "thereal Québec" and assimilate <strong>in</strong>to its fasc<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>tellectual milieu. She tries hardbut it is difficult for her because she rema<strong>in</strong>sbasically an anglaise, because <strong>of</strong> the"language th<strong>in</strong>g," because <strong>of</strong> the differencesbetween love and amour. Ann Diamondhas proved aga<strong>in</strong> that she is certa<strong>in</strong>lyamong the most promis<strong>in</strong>g anglophonewriters <strong>in</strong> Québec. Her stories areset <strong>in</strong> a concrete milieu yet they surpassthese boundaries and can be read as perplex<strong>in</strong>gtales for adults.Anne Cameron is best-known forDaughters <strong>of</strong> Copper Woman, but amongher other acknowledged works are Dreamspeaker(1979), The Journey (1982),Stubby Amberchuk and the Holy Grail(1987). Daughters <strong>of</strong> Copper Womanran <strong>in</strong>to its thirteenth edition <strong>in</strong> 1989. Inthis collection <strong>of</strong> tales the legends <strong>of</strong> theNootka Indians are told. Anne Camerontransmits to us what she received from theSecret Society <strong>of</strong> Women and was allowedto share with outsiders.The first half <strong>of</strong> the book familiarizesus with the creation myth <strong>of</strong> the NootkaIndians; our common ancestor from thedawn <strong>of</strong> time is the omnipresent and omniscientCopper Woman : "With the loomshe weaves the pattern <strong>of</strong> dest<strong>in</strong>y," andshe will never abandon us. Indeed, herpresence is felt all through the book. Weare all related to her from either <strong>of</strong> thetwo genealogical l<strong>in</strong>es: the children <strong>of</strong>happ<strong>in</strong>ess or the children <strong>of</strong> the fourcouples.The second part <strong>of</strong> the book is muchcloser to us <strong>in</strong> time; before it reaches thepresent, however, two important eventsare po<strong>in</strong>ted out which shattered the harmony<strong>of</strong> the matriarchal society. First,hundreds <strong>of</strong> years back, men started todom<strong>in</strong>ate women and thus violate thepeace <strong>of</strong> the society. Second, the whitemen arrived and tried to destroy and wipeout the community. Life became fragmentedand moral degradation followed.But wisdom survived.While read<strong>in</strong>g the book, we too, ga<strong>in</strong>wisdom. Unnoticed, we become part <strong>of</strong> thecommunity listen<strong>in</strong>g to these legends. Wehear different voices: the first part is <strong>in</strong>the third person narrative, then we hearGranny and her granddaughter talk<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>turns, and thus produc<strong>in</strong>g tales with<strong>in</strong>tales. We also hear the monotonous ra<strong>in</strong>,the crackl<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> the fire, Granny knitt<strong>in</strong>g,the kettle boil<strong>in</strong>g. Eat<strong>in</strong>g is <strong>of</strong>ten mentioned,rem<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g us <strong>of</strong> the potlatchfestivities. The descriptive passages andGranny's talk<strong>in</strong>g flow <strong>in</strong>to one another.In the end, it becomes clear that actuallyall the narrators are <strong>in</strong>spired by the OldWoman.This aga<strong>in</strong> is a book about womenwritten from the viewpo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> women andfor women. The book is a mov<strong>in</strong>g remythologization<strong>of</strong> women's spiritual, mentaland physical universe. The women weread about testify to the hardships andjoys <strong>of</strong> womanhood, the experience <strong>of</strong> loveand solitude, the challenges women havehad to face even as warriors, and the waysthey "Endured and Survived." They haveeducated younger generations; this theyregard as one <strong>of</strong> their obligations. Realvirtues are taught to us: ability to love,friendship, shar<strong>in</strong>g, accept<strong>in</strong>g, listen<strong>in</strong>g toeach other. One wonders to what extentAnne Cameron shares the apprehensivefeel<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> Ki-Ki, the grandchild, concern<strong>in</strong>gthe future <strong>of</strong> the book. Ki-Ki andAnne Cameron have much <strong>in</strong> common.Granny's, and thus Copper Woman's en-203
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