Field Guide. cropping and pastoral grazing on flat to rolling country.

More documents

Recommendations

Info

PLANT INDICATORSPasture growth <strong>and</strong> regrowth rates Assess pasture growth <strong>and</strong> regrowth rates since the last <strong>grazing</strong> bypasture probe, rising plate or herbage cut measurements.If this information is not available, use visual approximations of drymatter production levels.For a reliable comparison, make assessments at the same time ofyear, preferably in early spring.HIGH PASTURE GROWTH RATES depend on good soil structure <strong>and</strong>fertility, <strong>and</strong> on the season <strong>and</strong> seasonal weather conditions, to allowthe movement of water <strong>and</strong> air in the soil. Treading damage oncompacted moist soils can reduce pasture production by up to 27percent, but on pugged (deformed) wet soils, the reduction can be asmuch as 45 percent. Pasture regrowth rates on wet soils can be reducedby 20–30 percent. Good dry matter production from quality pastures isneeded for good dairy production. For cows to be also in good conditionat calving, an adequate pasture cover of 2000 kg DM/ha is needed,<strong>and</strong> pastures need to be capable of rapid regrowth.72 VISUAL SOIL ASSESSMENT: Volume 1
FIGURE 8: Visual scoring (VS) of pasture growth <strong>and</strong> regrowth ratesVisual score Pasture growth <strong>and</strong> regrowth rates(VS)2 Good pasture growth <strong>and</strong> regrowth1 Moderate pasture growth <strong>and</strong> regrowth0 Poor pasture growth <strong>and</strong> regrowthVISUAL SOIL ASSESSMENT: Volume 173
Page 1 and 2:
VISUAL SOILASSESSMENTCROPPED SOILPA
Page 3 and 4:
TABLE OF CONTENTSIntroduction 5Visu
Page 5 and 6:
INTRODUCTIONTHE QUESTION - To profi
Page 7 and 8:
The following examples illustrate t
Page 9 and 10:
2. Setting upIt is important to be
Page 11:
VISUAL SOILASSESSMENTNO-TILLCONVENT
Page 14 and 15:
SCORE CARDVisual indicators for ass
Page 16 and 17:
SOIL INDICATORSSoil structure <stro
Page 18 and 19:
SOIL INDICATORSSoil porosity under
Page 20 and 21:
SOIL INDICATORSSoil colour under <s
Page 22 and 23: SOIL INDICATORSNumber and</
Page 24 and 25: SOIL INDICATORSEarthworm counts und
Page 26 and 27: SOIL INDICATORSPresence of a tillag
Page 28 and 29: SOIL INDICATORSDegree of clod devel
Page 30 and 31: SOIL INDICATORSSusceptibility to wi
Page 32 and 33: 32 VISUAL SOIL ASSESSMENT: Volume 1
Page 34 and 35: PLANT INDICATORSCrop emergence Asse
Page 36 and 37: PLANT INDICATORSCrop height at matu
Page 38 and 39: PLANT INDICATORSThe size an
Page 40 and 41: PLANT INDICATORSCrop yield Assess r
Page 42 and 43: PLANT INDICATORSRoot diseases Asses
Page 44 and 45: PLANT INDICATORSWeed infestation As
Page 46 and 47: PLANT INDICATORSSurface ponding und
Page 48 and 49: PLANT INDICATORSProduction costs As
Page 50 and 51: 50 VISUAL SOIL ASSESSMENT: Volume 1
Page 53 and 54: SCORE CARDVisual indicators for ass
Page 55 and 56: INSTRUCTIONS FORASSESSING SOIL QUAL
Page 57 and 58: FIGURE 1: Visual scoring (VS) of so
Page 63 and 64: FIGURE 4: Visual scoring (VS) of nu
Page 65 and 66: FIGURE 5: Visual scoring (VS) of ea
Page 67 and 68: FIGURE 6: Visual scoring (VS) of su
Page 69 and 70: INSTRUCTIONS FORASSESSING SOIL QUAL
Page 71: FIGURE 7: Visual scoring (VS) of pa
Page 75 and 76: FIGURE 9: Visual scoring (VS) of pa
Page 77 and 78: FIGURE 10: Visual scoring (VS) of a
Page 79 and 80: FIGURE 11: Visual scoring (VS) of d
Page 81 and 82: FIGURE 12: Visual scoring (VS) of s
Page 83 and 84: FIGURE 13: Scoring of stock-carryin
show all

Field Guide. cropping and pastoral grazing on flat to rolling country.

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?