The Riddle of Ramat Raḥel: The Archaeology of a Royal Persian ...

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20Against this background, many opposing historical reconstructions can be hypothesized on thepriests – governors relations in the Persian period, the role of the governor in Jerusalem and hisplace among the people living in Jerusalem - but these are subjects for a different study.BibliographyAharoni, Y. 1956. Excavations at Ramat Rahel, 1954: Preliminary Report. IEJ 6: 102–111, 135–137.Aharoni, Y. 1962. Excavations at Ramat Raḥel, Seasons 1959–1960. Università di Roma, Centro distudi semitici, Serie archeological 2. Rome.Aharoni, Y. 1964. Excavations at Ramat Raḥel, Seasons 1961–1962. Università di Roma, Centro distudi semitici, Serie archeological 6. Rome.Ariel, D.T. and Shoham, Y. 2000. Locally Stamped Handles and Associated Body Fragments of thePersian and Hellenistic Periods. Pp. 137-171 in Excavations at the City of David 1978–1985, Directed by Yigal Shiloh, Vol. VI, Inscriptions, ed. D.T. Ariel; Qedem 41; Jerusalem:Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University.Avigad, N. 1972. Excavations in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem, 1971. IEJ 22:193–200.Avigad, N. 1983. Discovering Jerusalem. Nashville.Bocher, E., and Lipschits, O. 2011. First Conclusions from the Study of the yršlm Stamp Impressionson Jar Handles. in: Baruch, E., and Faust, A. (eds.). New Studies in Jerusalem 17. Ramat-Gan: 199-217. [Hebrew].Cahill, J.M. 1992. The Chalk Assemblages of the Persian/Hellenistic and Early Roman Periods. in:De Groot, A., and Ariel D.T. (eds.). Excavations at the City of David 1978–1985 Vol. III:Stratigraphic, Environmental, and Other Reports (Qedem 33). Jerusalem: 190–274.Crowfoot, J. W. 1942. Buildings round and below the Sammit. in: Crowfoot, G. M., Kenyon, K. M.,and Sukenik, E. L. (eds.). The Buildings at Samaria. London: 5-20.Crowfoot, J. W. 1957. Pottery: Imported Wares. in: Crowfoot, J. W., Crowfoot, G. M., and Kenyon,K. M. (eds.). The Objects from Samaria – Samaria-Sebaste Reports of the Work of the JointExpedition in 1931-1933 and the British Expedition in 1935, No. 3. London: 210-16.Crowfoot, J. W., Kenyon, K. M., and Sukenik, E. L. 1966. The Buildings at Samaria. London.De Groot, A. 2001. Jerusalem during the Persian Period. in: Faust, A. and Baruch, E. (eds.). NewStudies on Jerusalem, Proceedings of the Seventh Conference. Ramat Gan: 77–82. [Hebrew]De Groot, A. 2004. Jerusalem in the Early Helenistic Period. in: Baruch, E. and Faust, A. (eds.). NewStudies on Jerusalem, Proceedings of the Tenth Conference. Ramat Gan: 67–70. [Hebrew]Finkelstein, I. andSinger-Avitz, L. 2009. Reevaluating Bethel. ZDPV 125: 33-48.Gadot, Y. and Lipschits, O. 2008. Ramat Raḫel and the Emeq Rephaim sites - Links andinterpretations. in: Amit, D. and Stiebel, G.D. (eds.). New Studies in the Archaeology ofJerusalem and its Religion, Collected Papers, vol. II. Jerusalem: 88-96. [Hebrew]Geva, H. 2000. General Introduction to the Excavations in the Jewish Quarter. in: Geva, H. (ed.).Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem Conducted by Nahman Avigad,1969–1982. vol. I: Architecture and Stratigraphy: Areas A, W and X-2. Final Report.Jerusalem: 1–31.Geva, H. 2003a. Hellenistic Pottery from Areas W and X-2. in: Geva, H. (ed.). Jewish QuarterExcavations in the Old City of Jerusalem Conducted by Nahman Avigad, 1969–1982,volume II: The Finds from Areas A, W and X-2, Final Report. Jerusalem: 113–175.
21Geva, H. 2003b. Summary and Discussion of Findings from Areas A, W and X-2. in: Geva, H. (ed.).Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem Conducted by Nahman Avigad,1969–1982, volume II: The Finds from Areas A, W and X-2, Final Report. Jerusalem: 501–552.Gross, B. and Goren, Y. 2010. Technological Study of the Lion Stamp impressions – FirstResults. in: Lipschits, O. and Koch, I. (eds.). New Studies on the Lion Stamped JarHandles from Judah. Tel Aviv: 11-12. [Hebrew]Hammond, P. C. 1957. A Note on a Seal Impression from Tell Es-Sultan. BASOR 147: 37-39.Koch, I. and Lipschits, O. 2010. The Kingdom of Judah at the End of the First Temple Period inLight of the Rosette Stamped Jar Handles. Cathedra. [Hebrew].Langgut, D., Gadot, Y., Porat, N., and Lipschits, O, forthcoming. Trapped Pollen Reveals the Secretsof Royal Persian Garden in Ramat Raḫel (Jerusalem).Lipschits, O. 1999. The History of the Benjaminite Region under Babylonian Rule. TA 26/2: 155-90.Lipschits, O. 2003. Demographic Changes in Judah between the 7 th and the 5 th Centuries BCE. in:Lipschits, O. and Blenkinsopp, J. (eds.). Judah and the Judeans in the Neo-BabylonianPeriod (Proceedings of the Conference held in Tel Aviv University, May 2001). WinonaLake, IN: 323–376.Lipschits, O. 2005. The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem. Winona Lake.Lipschits, O. 2006. Achaemenid Imperial Policy, Settlement Processes in Palestine, and the Statusof Jerusalem in the Middle of the Fifth Century BCE. in: Lipschits, O. and Oeming, M.(eds.). Judah and the Judeans in the Persian (Achaemenid) Period. Winona-Lake: 19-52.Lipschits, O. 2007. The Babylonian Period in Judah: In Search of the Half Full Cup (A response tothe panel discussion: In Conversation with Oded Lipschits, The Fall and Rise ofJerusalem). Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 7: 39-47.Lipschits, O. 2009a. Persian Period Finds from Jerusalem: Facts and Interpretations. Journal ofHebrew Scriptures 9: 2-30.Lipschits, O. 2009b. The Time and Origin of the Volute-Capitals from Judah, Moab and Ammon.in: Finkelstein, I. and Na'aman, N. (eds.). The Fire Signals of Lachish - Studies on theLate Bronze and Iron Ages: Text and Artifacts Relating to Ancient Israel, Offered inHonor of David Ussishkin. Winona Lake: 203-225.Lipschits, O. 2010. Further Thoughts on the Lion Stamp Impression System. In: Lipschits, O. andKoch, I., eds. New Studies on the Lion Stamp Impressions from Judah (Abstracts of aSymposium, 14 January 2010, Tel Aviv University). Tel Aviv: 17–19. [Hebrew].Lipschits, O. 2011a. Jerusalem between Two Periods of Greatness: The Size and Status ofJerusalem in the Babylonian, Persian and Early Hellenistic Periods. in: Lipschits, O. andGrabbe, L.L. Judah between East and West: The Transition from Persian to Greek Rule(ca. 400-200 BCE), The Library of Second Temple Studies, T & T Clark International:163-175.Lipschits, O. 2011b. Shedding New Light on the Dark Years of the “Exilic Period”: New Studies,Further Elucidation, and Some Questions Regarding the Archaeology of Judah as an“Empty Land. In: Kelle, B., Ames, F.R., and Wright, J.L. (eds.). Interpreting Exile:Interdisciplinary Studies of Displacement and Deportation in Biblical and ModernContexts. SBL's Ancient Israel and Its Literature series. Atlanta: 57-90.Lipschits, O. 2011c. Persian Period Judah – A New Perspective. in: Jonker, L. (ed.). Texts,Contexts and Readings in Postexilic Literature – Explorations into Historiography andIdentity Negotiation in Hebrew Bible and Related Texts (Forschungen zum AltenTestament II 53). Tübingen: 187-212.
Page 1 and 2: 1The Riddle of Ramat Raḥel:The Ar
Page 3 and 4: 3including lmlk and “private” s
Page 5 and 6: 5casemate wall and an additional ca
Page 7 and 8: 7seasons were conducted at the site
Page 9 and 10: 9Building Phase II - Iron Age and P
Page 11 and 12: 11Raḥel in the Persian period. In
Page 13 and 14: 13that forms its inner wall, up to
Page 15 and 16: 15Jerusalem, Samaria continued to e
Page 17 and 18: 17Fig. 4 - Storage Jars found at Pi
Page 19: 19ConclusionsThe new interpretation

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