Chapter 1 Framework of integration of ecology and economy ... - TEEB
Chapter 1 Framework of integration of ecology and economy ... - TEEB
Chapter 1 Framework of integration of ecology and economy ... - TEEB
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The Economics <strong>of</strong> Ecosystems <strong>and</strong> Biodiversity: The Ecological <strong>and</strong> Economic FoundationsAppendix 2: Ecosystem service classification: brief literature survey <strong>and</strong><strong>TEEB</strong> classificationVarious sources (1Millennium EcosystemDaily et al. (2008)Assessment (2005a)<strong>TEEB</strong> classificationPROVISIONING PROVISIONING PROVISIONINGFood (fish, game, fruit) Food Seafood, game 1 FoodWater availability [RS] (2 Fresh water 2 Water (2Raw materials (e.g. wood) Fibre Timber, fibersFuel & energy (fuel-wood,organic matter, etc.),, ? Biomass fuels3 Raw materialsFodder & fertilizer ,, ? ForageUseful genetic material, Genetic resources - industrial products 4 Genetic resourcesDrugs & pharmaceutical Biochemicals PharmaceuticalsModels & test organisms - ? - industrial products5 Medicinal resourcesResources for fashion,h<strong>and</strong>icraft, decorative, etc.Ornamental resources - ? 6 Ornamental resourcesREGULATING REGULATING REGULATINGGas regulation/air quality Air quality regulation Air purification 7 Air purificationFavorable climateClimate regulation (incl.Climate regulation Climate stabilization 8(incl. C-sequestration)C-sequestration)Storm protection - ? Moder. <strong>of</strong> extremes Disturbance prevention or9Flood prevention Water regulation Flood mitigation moderationDrainage & naturalirrigation (drought prevent.)„‟ Drought mitigation 10 Regulation <strong>of</strong> water flowsClean water (wasteWaste treatment (esp.„‟ Water purification 11treatment)water purification)Erosion prevention Erosion regulation Erosion protection 12 Erosion preventionMaintenance <strong>of</strong> productive Soil formation Soil generation <strong>and</strong><strong>and</strong> “clean” soils[supporting service] preservation13 Maintaining soil fertilityPollination Pollination Pollination 14 Pollination(biol. control)Seed dispersalPest & disease control Pest regulation Pest control 15 Biological controlHuman disease regulat.HABITAT/SUPPORT SUPPORTING (3 HABITATNursery-servicee.g. Photosynthesis,16 Lifecycle maintenanceMaintenance <strong>of</strong> biodiversityprimary production, Maintenance <strong>of</strong>nutrient cycling biodiversity17 Gene pool protectionCULTURAL (& Amenit.) CULTURAL CULTURAL & AmenityAppreciated scenery(incl. tranquility)Aesthetic values Aesthetic beauty 18 Aesthetic informationRecreation & tourism Recreat. & eco-tourism 19 Recreation & tourismInspiration for art etc. - ?Inspiration for culture, art20Cultural heritageCultural diversity<strong>and</strong> designSpiritual & religious use Spirit. & religious val. 21 Spiritual experienceUse in science & educationKnowledge systems IntellectualInformation for cognitive22Educational values stimulationdevelopment1) Mainly based on/adapted from Costanza et al. (1997) <strong>and</strong> De Groot et al. (2002).2) Water is <strong>of</strong>ten placed under Regulating Services [RS] but in <strong>TEEB</strong> the consumptive use <strong>of</strong> water isplaced under provisioning services.3) Daily et al. (2008) do not use main categories <strong>and</strong> also included detoxification <strong>and</strong> decomposition <strong>of</strong>waste, nutrient cycling, <strong>and</strong> UVb-protection as services.40
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