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Figure 4.24: Stages in the maturation of the centralcell nucleusin Prumnopitystaxifolia.A to J : Thirty-three central cell nuclei and nucleoli were measured in 15 specimens, numberedStage 1 to Stage 15 in order of increasing maturity (see Table 4.2 and histograms in Fig. 4.25).Nine of them from seven different specimens are shown here, representing examples of Stages 4,6, 7, 10, 13, 14 and 15, as indicated in the histograms. Allscale bars = 10 pm.A : Stage 4, A relatively large nucleus (ccn) with a vacuolate nucleolus (nol), beside the neckcells (nc), in a young archegonium 91 2 pm long, still at the f rothy stage (see Fig. 4. 1 0 D). Noreception zone has yet formed. The neck cell cap (anow) is clearly visible.B : Stage 6. Nucleus (ccn) with a vacuolate nucleolus (nol) in a full-sized but highly vacuolatearchegonium 1280 pm long (see Fig. 4.18 E). A reception zone (rz) is developing close to thenucleus.C and D : Stage 7. Two of the nuclei from three full-sized archegonia with highly vacuolatecytoplasm (a collapsed specimen in TS). In C, the nucleus (ccn) and vacuolate nucleus (nol)appear normal. ln D, the somewhat shrunk nucleus (ccn) is dwarfed by its enormous nucleolus(nol) in which the vacuoles appear to be swollen almost to bursting. Due to its size, this nucleolusis shown in Fig. 4.25 B as a broken column. The nucleus of the third archegonium resembled thatshown in C.E : Stage 10. Nucleus (ccn) with a vacuolate nucleolus (nol), in a f ull-sized archegonium 1 150pm long with cytoplasmic zones developing (see Fig. 4.11 and 4.20 A). The nucleolus appearshollow due to one vacuole being larger than the rest. The neck cells (nc) and cap (arrow) arevisible. The approximate location of a developing reception zone (rz) in an adjacent section isindicated with a dotted line.F : Stage 13. Nucleus (ccn) with a vacuolate nucleolus (nol) in a f ull-sized archegonium 1344pm long. The mature zoned cytoplasm is filled with black bodies. As in E, the nucleolus appearshollow. The reception zone, larger than that in B and E, is in an adjacent section (see Fig. 4.20D).G : Stage 14. Nucleus (ccn) with a small non-vacuolate nucleolus (nol) beside the neck cells(nc) in a nearly mature archegonium 1050 pm long (see Fi1.4.21 B), Chromatin (arrow) isbeginning to condense in preparation for mitosis. The pear-shaped reception zone (rz) extendsfrom the central cell nucleus towards the centre of the widest part of the archegonium. Blackbodies are abundant in the surrounding cytoplasm.H and J : Stage 15. Central cell nuclei from archegonia 41 and A2, two of the three archegoniain TS shown in Fig. 4.23 A and B.H : Prophase nucleus (ccn) with a non-vacuolate nucleolus (nol) in archegonium A1. Thissection, adjacent to that shown in Fig. 4.23 A, shows the reception zone (rz).J : Prophase nucleus (ccn) with a non-vacuolate nucleolus (nol) in archegonium 42, as shownin Fig. 4.23 B but with nucleus viewed in different focal plane. Despite shrinkage, the originaloutline of the nucleus has been retained in the cytoplasm. At 40 pm diam. and 35 x 103 pmt, thiswas the largest central cell nucleus observed.
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o P. taxifoliao P. ferruginea_ 5-.
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FFig.3.1
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Fig. 3.2
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[..#Hll,';',i. IFig. 3.3
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Fig. 3.4
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.'TA,{-t,I-t-_--lr:Tfii: i, 1,..1;1
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Fig. 3.6
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Figure 3.8: Sporangial wall of the
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Figure 3.9: (Prumnopitys taxifolial
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Figure 3.10: Development of the mic
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Figure 3.1 1: (Prumnopitys taxifoli
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Figure 3.12: Germination of the mic
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Figure 3.13: The exine, intine and
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Figure 3.14: Cellular and free-nucl
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Figure 3.15: Germinated pollen grai
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Figure 3.16: Development of the mal
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Figure 3.17: Pollen tube and body c
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Figure 3.18: The body cell nucleus
Page 42 and 43: Figure 3.19: Targetting of archegon
Page 44 and 45: Figure 3.20: The male gametes in Pr
Page 46 and 47: Figure 4.1: Morphology and developm
Page 48 and 49: Figure 42 : Earl development of tlt
Page 50 and 51: Figure 4.3 : Initiation of fertile
Page 52 and 53: Figure 4.4 : The ovular complex at
Page 54 and 55: Figure 4.5: (Prumnopitys taxifolial
Page 56 and 57: Figure 4.6:The nucellus cone before
Page 58 and 59: Figure 4.7: Post-pollination develo
Page 60 and 61: Figure 4.8: Transverse sections of
Page 62 and 63: Figure 4.9: Tissues of the one year
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4.10: (Prumnopitys taxifolia
Page 68 and 69: Figure 4.12: Development of the meg
Page 70 and 71: Figure 4.13: Megaspore tetrads in P
Page 72 and 73: Figure 4.14: Development of the fem
Page 76 and 77: Figure 4.16: Occasionally two or ev
Page 78 and 79: Figure 4.17: ln Prumnopitys taxifol
Page 80 and 81: Figure 4.18: Features of the centra
Page 82 and 83: Figure 4.19: Characteristics of the
Page 84 and 85: Figure 4.20: The archegonium reache
Page 86 and 87: Figure 4.21: The developing central
Page 94 and 95: Figure 4.25: Volumes of thirty-thre
Page 100 and 101: Figure 4.28: Up to four archegonia
Page 102 and 103: Figure 4.29: The cell wall of the m
Page 104 and 105: Figure 4.30: Some characteristics o
Page 106 and 107: Figure 4.31: Another example of an
Page 110 and 111: Figure 4.33: Electron micrographs o
Page 112 and 113: Figure 4.34: Electron-micrographs o
Page 114 and 115: Figure 5.1: lntact and penetrated n
Page 116 and 117: Figure 5.2 Material from the pollen
Page 118 and 119: Figure 5.3: ln Prumnopitys taxifoli
Page 122 and 123: Figure 5.5 After fertilization, the
Page 124 and 125: Figure 5.6: Unfertilized archegonia
Page 126 and 127: Figure 5.7: Changes in unfertilized
Page 128 and 129: Figure 5.8: An unusual archegonium
Page 138 and 139: Figure 5.13: Outside the newly cell
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Figure 5.15: ln Prumnopitys taxitol
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Figure 5.16: Five-celled and eight-
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Figure 5.17: Some proembryos can ha
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Figure 5.18 : ln Prumnopitys taxifo
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Figure 5.19: ln Prumnopitys taxitol
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Figure 5.20: The middle of the susp
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Figure 5.21 : ln Prumnopitys taxifo
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Figure 5.22: ln Prumnopitys taxifol
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Figure 5.23: ln Prumnopitys taxifol
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Figure 5.24: Within the female game
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Figure 5.25: Transverse sections of
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Figure 5.26: One embryo was observe
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Figure 5.27: The dehiscence zone in
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Figure 5.28: Transition between hyp
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Figure 5.29: In the germinating emb
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Figure 5.30 : Further tissue develo
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Figure 5.31: In the germinating emb
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