KMWEEP-EA Final Report June 3 2008.pdf - kuidfc

Karnataka Municipal Water Energy Efficiency ProjectKarnataka Municipal Water Pumping Improvements in Six TownsEnvironmental Audit and Environmental Management PlanFINAL REPORTMAY 2008This report has been prepared by Suhas Gaonkar,with all reasonable skill, care and diligencewithin the terms of the contract and scope ofwork approved with the client. This report isconfidential to the client and we accept noresponsibility of whatsoever nature to thirdparties to whom this report, or any part thereof, ismade known. Any such party relies upon thereport at their own risk.Suhas GaonkarOff- E-02, Phoenix Plaza,Feira Alta, Mapusa, Goasuhasgaonkar@gmail.com,gaonkar_suhas@yahoo.comPh- 91-9823510812 (m)91-832-2266145(O)

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTE-7 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................ 6059SECTION F. MYSORE .............................................................................................................. 6160F-1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 6160F-2 OVERVIEW OF CURRENT BULK WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM............................................................. 6160F-3 PROPOSED ENERGY EFFICIENCY RECOMMENDATIONS AT PUMPING STATIONS............................ 6261F-4 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING........................................................................................................... 6362Physiography and Soil......................................................................................................... 6362Climatic Conditions............................................................................................................. 6362Water Resources.................................................................................................................. 6362Ambient Air Quality............................................................................................................. 6362Socio-Economic Environment ............................................................................................. 6463F-5 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES......................................... 6463Location Impacts ................................................................................................................. 6463Impacts due technical recommendations............................................................................. 6463Implementation/ Construction Impacts ............................................................................... 6463Operation and Maintenance Impacts .................................................................................. 6463F-6 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN............................... 6766F-7 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................. 68674 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTAbbreviationsADB : Asian Development BankBLA : Bilateral Lending AgenciesBPT : Break Pressure TankCC : City CorporationCDM : Clean Development MechanismCPHEEO : Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering OrganisationCPCB : Central Pollution Control BoardDoEEF : Department of Ecology, Environment & ForestsDMA : Directorate of Municipal AdministrationEAC : Expert Appraisal CommitteeECoP : Environmental Code of PracticeECM : Energy Conservation MeasuresEIA : Environmental Impact AssessmentEMP : Environmental Management PlanEP Act : Environment (Protection) Act, 1986GO : Government OrderGoI : Government of IndiaGoK : Government of KarnatakaGHGs : Green House GasesHDMC : Hubli Dharwad Municipal CorporationHP : Horse PowerIPS : intermediate pumping stationINR : Indian National RupeesPSP : Private Sector ParticipationKRS : Krishna Raja SagaraKSPCB : Karnataka State Pollution Control BoardKUDCEMP : Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal EnvironmentalManagement ProjectKUIDFC : Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance CorporationKUWSSIP : Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Improvement ProjectKUWSDB : Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage BoardMLD : Million Litre per DayMLA : Multilateral Lending AgenciesMoEF : Ministry of Environment and ForestsMSL : Mean Sea LevelNOx : Oxides of NitrogenOPs : Operational PoliciesSOx : Oxides of SulphurSEIAA : State Level Environment Impact Assessment AuthorityRSPM : Respirable Suspended Particulate MatterTERI : The Energy Research InstituteTSPM : Total Suspended Particulate MatterULB : Urban Local BodyWB : World BankWPR : Workforce Participation Rate6 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTAs part of the World Bank’s requirements to identify critical environment and social safeguardrisks and prepare safeguard management plan before the proposed carbon finance operation canbe approved, an environmental audit was conducted and an environmental management plan isprepared focusing on environmental issues associated with water pumping stations, wastedisposal; and occupational health and safety hazards.1.2 SCOPE OF WORKThe objective of the proposed environmental audit is to assess the baseline environmentalconditions of all six ULBs/ municipalities, particularly relating to current practices of water supplyand proposals to improve water transmission and distribution network.The study identified potential environmental aspects of implementation of recommended energyefficiency improvement; evaluation of the current level of compliance by Water Board with theapplicable national and state regulations; identification of potential (both actual and perceived)environmental and social risks and liabilities and defined relevant interventions needed to mitigatethem.The environmental audit covered the following specific areas.• Assessment of the baseline environmental status of the six towns covered under theproject with respect to environmental pollution and environmental issues associated with;pumping; use and disposal; Health, Safety and Emergency Management at the pumpingstations.• Identifying and assessing potential environment and social risks related to the projectproposals and implementation• Preparing an Environment Management Plan for the six towns focusing on pumpingstations; transmission and distribution mains.• Assessment of Institutional Capacities of nodal agencies and ULBs in terms of theircapacity to implement proposed interventions and sustain the improved environmentalperformance, with recommendations for capacity building and specific training.1.3 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROJECTGoK is exploring the possibility of financing energy efficiency projects with assistance from WorldBank that will provide ULBs with avenues for raising resources through non-budgetary sources interms of Carbon Finance under World Bank Community Development Carbon Fund. KUIDFCunder Urban Development Department (UDD) has been appointed to serve as the financialintermediary and will consolidate the carbon finance revenues and transfer them to the ULBs.KUWSDB is charged with functions of providing financial assistance by way of loans andadvances to local authority in the state for assisting in providing for the following amenities namelyi) Water Supply and drainage for urban areas ; and Other activities which are entrusted to theBoard from time to time by the Government .At the instance of the Government or a localauthority, the Board may carry out Operation and maintenance of drinking water supply anddrainage undertakings either wholly or in part and subject to such terms and conditions as the8 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTMunicipal Corporations /Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)In accordance with the principle enshrined in Article 243 (W) of the Constitution of India read withthe Twelfth Schedule, ULBs are responsible for water supply and, sewerage services from watercatchments to waste water treatment. The Government of Karnataka has responsibility to monitorthat ULBs provide, quality services in accordance with the standards prescribed at the State level.ULBs have the choice of providing the services directly through public bodies or through suchappropriate Private Sector Participation (PSP) arrangements. Given however, the paramountneed for financial and commercial viability of the operations, the State monitors strictly policiesrelating to minimal tariff operations autonomy of the municipal water operations, etcThe urban local bodies are responsible for operation and maintenance of water supply schemes.As per the Government order (G.O. No. UDD 204 UMS 95 dated 15-11-1996), KUWS&DB has tohand over the completed projects to urban local bodies for operation and maintenance. In someof the urban local bodies, KUWSDB is taking up O & M on mutual agreement between urban localbody and KUWSDB. In terms of Institutional mechanism in supply and provision of drinking waterservices, there is an overlap between state government programmes and those implemented bythe externally aided agencies, inadequacies in operation and maintenance activities by UrbanLocal Bodies due to paucity of resources and inefficiency in management of water and schemesdue to inadequate and qualified staff.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND REVIEW PROCEDURESThe environmental assessment and review process should address the requirements ofGovernment of India’s (GoI) environmental legislation. In 1986, the Environmental (Protection)Act was promulgated as an umbrella legislation that supplements existing Environmentalregulations. This Act established a framework for environmental clearance, requiring thatEnvironmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) be conducted for development projects with a cost ofRs.500 million or more. To rectify ambiguity regarding exactly what type of projects were subjectto the Act, specific project types were listed in a 1994 EIA Notification issued by the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests which were updated by a new notification in 2006 in accordance withthe objectives of National Environmental Policy.The 2006 EIA notification has listed out the Projects or activities requiring prior environmentalclearance under Category “A” and “B” based on the spatial extent of potential impacts andpotential impacts on human health and natural and man made resources. Category “A” projectsrequire prior environmental clearance from MoEF on the recommendations of an Expert AppraisalCommittee (EAC) and Category “B” projects require prior environmental clearance from State orUnion territory Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) on the recommendationsof a State or Union territory Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC). In the absence of a dulyconstituted SEIAA or SEAC, a category “B” project shall be treated as a Category “A” project. TheNotification does not require EIAs for urban infrastructure projects because these are assumed toresult in positive environmental impacts.In Karnataka there is no specific recommendation on EIA requirement for Urban Infrastructureprojects. The DoEEF and KSPCB enforce environmental regulations and policies of GoI and10 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTGoK. The GoK has no exclusive policy or regulation on social and environmental issues related todevelopment projects. GoK and its authorities follow the standards and regulations prescribed byCPCB and MoEF of GoI. However, every project requires “No Objection Certificate” from stateauthorities (usually the Pollution Control Board) under the Water (Prevention) and Control ofPollution) Act and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. The Pumping Station wouldcome under purview of the Noise Pollution (Regulation Control) Rules 2001 if located withresidential, industrial or silence zone areas.GoK has formulated Environmental Code of Practice (ECoP) to integrate environmental issues atpolicy, sectoral and project levels for the ongoing Karnataka Urban Water and Sanitation SectorImprovement Project (KWASSIP) .These are being carried out in three demonstration ULBs ofHubli-Dharwad, Belgaum and Gulberga. Under ECoP water supply projects have beencategorized into Category E-1 for projects with significant adverse impacts, E-2 for projects withpotential adverse environmental impacts and E-3 for projects which would have minimal or noadverse impacts on environment. The categorization would be used for screening of the projectsby an Environmental Screening Committee (ESC) constituted by project development agency(KUIDFC/KUWSDB/ULBs).19 water supply sub-projects were identified for categorization. Upgradationof Intermediate/Booster pumping stations have been categorized as E-3 project.For the The 2006 EIA notification Under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 does notspecify EIAs for urban infrastructure projects including water supply projects in the list of 32projects of Schedule I of EIA notification and hence no clearance from the MoEF/StateEnvironmental Committee is required for the present project. This project would also not comeunder the purview of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act and Air (Prevention andControl of Pollution) Act and hence would not require any clearances from the KSPCB andDoEEF. There are no sensitive locations around all the pumping stations and hence do not comeunder the purview of Noise Pollution (Regulation Control) Rules 2001.1.4 LEVEL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THEPROJECTWorld Bank projects are assigned one of four categories (A, B, C, or F1) for environmentalassessment depending on the significance of the associated environmental impacts of the variousProject components. The category is assigned based on the project's potential for environmentalimpact. Under the operational policies and directives (OPs or ODs) of the World Bank the projectsfunded by the Bank are evaluated. They are thus “pre-screened” to avoid significantenvironmental impacts. The components recommended for pumping station energy efficiency arevery small in area coverage, moreover technical in nature and based on upgrading existingfacilities.The World Bank Operational Policy 4.01 stipulates carrying out Environmental Assessment forprojects proposed for banks financial assistance. As set out in BP 4.01, the project in the earlierstage of development is assigned any one of the following four categories after examining theproject type, location, sensitivity, scale and potential environmental risks associated with theproject.• Category A projects are those projects that have significant environmental impacts onbroader areas than the sites or facilities subjected to physical works and projects of such11 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTnature should have an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report.• Category B projects are those projects that have impacts on environmentally sensitiveareas such as forests, natural habitats, wetlands, etc. but less adverse than Category Aprojects and are generally site specific. Projects of this category will have a narrow EAthan Category A projects.• Category C projects are those projects which have minimal or no adverse environmentalimpacts and do not need any EA beyond screening.• Category FI projects are those projects that involve investment of Bank funds through afinancial intermediary in sub projects that may result in adverse environmental impacts.The project has been categorized as B for environmental Screening by World Bank. As per theWorld Bank Operational Policy 4.01 for projects proposed for banks financial assistance anenvironmental audit has been conducted as part of Bank’s EA requirement. Environmental Auditwould examine and determine the nature and extent of all environmental areas of concern of allthe Municipal Pumping Stations in Project cities. The audit would identify appropriate measures tomitigate areas of concern, prepare an environmental management and monitoring plans for thevarious components. It also would describe the appropriate institutional framework to ensureproper implementation of the environmental safeguards1.5 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONBased on the energy audit of Municipal Corporation pumping stations in six project cities the‘Alliance to save energy’ along with ‘The Energy Resources Institute’ (TERI), recommendedvarious short, medium and long terms measures to reduce the energy required for water servicedelivery in 6 municipalities. All the pumping stations for which recommendations were made wereassessed during the environmental audit. The recommendations are described in detail in each ofcity level audit report. For brevity therefore, the project cities bulk water supply scheme and selectpumping station locations and energy saving potential after implementation has been presentedin tabular form.List of Project cities and pumping stations selected for energy efficiency measuresWater SupplyProject City SchemesProject Pumping StationHubli-DharwadGulbargaBelgaumBellaryMalaprabhaSchemeNeerasagar SchemeBennithora schemeBhima schemeHidkal SchemeRakaskop schemeAlipur SchemeMoka Scheme1.Jackwell pumping Station2.Intermediate Pumping Station(IPS)3.Ammnianbhavi Pumping Station1.Neerasagar Pumping Station1.Jack well pumping station1.Jack well pumping station2.Intermediate pumping station(IPS)1.Jack well pump house2.Intermediate pumping station-1 (IPS-1)3.Intermediate pumping station-2 (IPS-2)1.Hindalga Pumping station1.Raw water pumping station2.Pure water Pumping station house1.Low lift pumping station2.High Lift Pumping Station3.Booster pumping station at GandhinagarMangalore Netravati Scheme 1.Low Lift Pumping station2.High lift pumping station3.Bendoor Pumping Station12 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTMysoreBelagola SchemeHongalli scheme1.Old pumping Station2.New pumping station3.Vani Vilas Works pumping station1.Hongalii pumping station2.Emergency Pumping Station3.Booster Pumping stationThe Comprehensive Energy Audit study evaluated energy consumption to identify the scope forenergy efficiency improvements for City Corporation water pumping installations. Some of thecommon observations of the study relevant to all project cities are• It was analysed that pumping stations in all the project cities had old pumping machineriesand old pumps. The impellers and capacitors of the pumps needed replacements.Mismatch of design and operating heads, faulty impellers and motors impacted pumpingefficiency below acceptable performance limit.• The power factor average of most of the pumps was below efficiency level due to faultycapacitor bank which led to power factor penalty on most of the Municipal corporations• Most of the pumping station had either excess or shorter contract demand which led tohigher billing or penalty for minimum billing.The study recommendations were based on improving energy use efficiency and identifyingenergy saving opportunities at all pumping stations in project cities. It is expected that the projectactivities will generate emission reductions for about 13620 tCO2 1 per year over the 10 yearcrediting period from January 2009 to February 2018. Six energy conservation measures (ECMs)recommended areECM 1: Installing new efficient water pumps: These activities include: (i) installing more energyefficient pumps including the right size of pumps; (ii) in some cases installing larger and moreenergy efficient pumps to respond to higher water demand rather than simply increasing theperiod for which residents will not have access to water.ECM 2: Optimizing existing pumps: These activities include: (i) installing the correct sizeimpellers. The replacement of old pump impellers with suitably sized ones is expected to improveenergy efficiency up to 75%; (ii) installing new manifold systems; (iii) improving the commonsuction and discharge headers; (iv) retrofit and/or replacement of rotating assembly.ECM 3: Improving the main transmission water distribution system: This activity involvesrepairing the main transmission water distribution system in some of the municipalities in order tostop leakage and unaccounted for water losses.ECM4: Reducing water losses and other unaccounted for water: Where ECM 3 focuses onthe main water distribution network in some municipalities; ECM 4 focuses on reducing leakagesand losses throughout the whole municipal water reticulation system. No significant technology isinvolved in this measure.ECM 5: Optimizing pumping station operations: These activities include: (i) installing capacitorbanks to improve the power factor and to reduce the maximum kVA demand and consequentlythe subscribed power; (ii) switching off transformers if not required and to avoid idle running of thetransformers; (iii) increasing the frequency of cleaning suction sumps; (iv) rescheduling ofpumping operations based on reservoir water levels and required flows; (v) reconfiguring thepiping network to reduce unnecessary increases for pump heads to reduce energy losses and to1 Refer CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM, PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) –Final Version, World Bank foractual figures13 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTimprove pump efficiency; (vi) maximizing utilization of higher efficiency pumps in paralleloperation.ECM 6: Optimizing existing infrastructures through better metering and monitoring: Whilethis activity will not result directly in energy savings and emission reductions, it is an importantpart of the project. Ultrasonic meters will need to be applied to carry out non-destructive spotmeasurements in each pumping station every two months to measure water volume until watermeters are installed.The improvement in pumping system energy efficiency would lead to reduction of Green HouseGases (GHGs) indirectly. The energy saving would be both direct, from installations of moreenergy efficient technologies and indirect from reducing water leaks and losses and optimisingexisting systems. The energy savings that accrue at the municipal (site) level would be converteddirectly to carbon emission reductions for Carbon financing. The World Bank’s Carbon FinanceUnit has signed a letter of Intent to purchase the offsets generated by this CDM activity throughits Prototype Carbon Fund and the Community Development Carbon Fund. The main benefits ofthe projects as described in CDM PDD –Version02 are• Enhanced water service- By husbanding energy and water resources , water utilities canlook m up to expand their network to currently underserved client( typically the poorestpeople ) and expand hours and days of operation• Reduced strain on over taxed water resources-Many parts of the world are water stressedand over pumping of ground water and surface water can have hue environmentalimpacts on wetlands and other sensitive ecosystems• Improved cost recovery for water utility by reducing the per unit cost of water deliveryThe social and economic benefits anticipated are• Reduction in coal and other fuel use needed to generate electricity and all other associatedemissions, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide , SO 2 , NO 2 ,mercury and particulates• The project would provide for continuous training and education of municipal water utilityemployees which would create awareness on the efficient use of electricity and thepositive effect on the environment of proper energy management• By enabling the water utility to expand and improve service, the project will improve theaccess of the consumers to clean water which has a host of health, economic andenvironmental benefits.14 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTEnvironmental Impact Audit and Assessment of the Project CitiesA-HUBLI –DHARWADB-BELGAUMC-GULBERGAD-BELLARYE-MANGALOREF-MYSORE15 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORT1.6 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT CITIESThe proposed Karnataka Municipal Water Pumping Improvements Project is essentiallyenvisaged to reduce the energy required for water service delivery. The six municipalities Hubli-Dharwad, Mysore, Mangalore, Belgaum, Gulbarga and Bellary in the State of Karnataka inSouthern India have been chosen based on the energy audits undertaken of MunicipalCorporation pumping stations in 2002-2003. Several short, medium and long term opportunitieswere identified and recommended in energy efficiency which included, Installing new pumps,capacitors, control equipment, new impellers and some energy diagnostic equipment to measureand monitor improvements; Proper-sizing of pumps and components (e.g. impellers) for theirapplications; Optimizing existing infrastructure through better metering and monitoring measures;Reducing leaks and other unaccounted for water through the use of leak detection technologyThe energy efficiency recommendation at Project city levels are in implementation phase byMunicipal corporations. In towns of Hubli/Dharwad, Belgaum, Gulbarga the recommendationswere supported by an underlying World Bank project under Karnataka urban Water Supply andSanitation Project (KUWASSIP)2.In Mangalore the recommendations are being taken up byMunicipal Corporation where water supply projects are under ADB funded KUDCEM3 project andin Mysore these are being implemented by Municipal Corporation. In Bellary the implementationis currently being taken up by KUWSDB through IWSS (Improved Water Supply Scheme) andAWSS (Augmentation of Water Supply Scheme).The GoK is exploring possibility of accessing Carbon Finance through the energy savings thataccrue at the municipal (site) with World Bank’s Prototype Carbon Fund and the CommunityDevelopment Carbon Fund. The social and economic benefits of the project anticipated are• Reduction in coal and other fuel use needed to generate electricity and all other associatedemissions, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, SO2, No2, mercury and particulates.• The project would provide for continuous training and education of municipal water utilityemployees which would create awareness on the efficient use of electricity and thepositive effect on the environment of proper energy management• By enabling the water utility to expand and improve service, the project will improve theaccess of the consumers to clean water which has a host of health, economic andenvironmental benefits.The 2006 EIA notification Under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 does not specify EIAsfor urban infrastructure projects including water supply projects in the list of 32 projects ofSchedule I of EIA notification and hence no clearance from the MoEF/State EnvironmentalCommittee is required for the present project. In Karnataka there is no specific recommendationon EIA requirement for Urban Infrastructure projects. Under Environmental Code of Practice(ECoP) formulated to integrate environmental issues at policy, sectoral and project levels for theongoing Karnataka Urban Water and Sanitation Sector Improvement Project (KWASSIP), upgradationof Intermediate/Booster pumping stations have been categorized as E-3 project. The2 (KUWASSIP) a medium term sectoral reform project envisages setting a policy, institutional and regulatory environment inurban water and sanitation sector to enable service improvements, sustainable investments and coverage expansion. The projectis expected to improve the overall environment by providing quality services, water and sanitation infrastructure and healthbenefits3 Under the project titled ‘ Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project (KUDCEMP)’, thegovernment of Karnataka (GoK) has taken up development of 10 coastal towns with the financial assistance from the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB)16 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTproject would also not come under the purview of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Actand Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act and hence would not require any clearancesfrom the KSPCB and DoEEF. There are no sensitive locations around all the pumping stationsand hence do not come under the purview of Noise Pollution (Regulation Control) Rules 2001.The project has been categorized as B for environmental Screening by World Bank. As per theWorld Bank Operational Policy 4.01 for projects proposed for banks financial assistance anenvironmental audit has been conducted as part of Bank’s EA requirement. Environmental Audithas examined the nature and extent potential environmental aspects of implementation ofrecommended energy efficiency improvement of all the Municipal Pumping Stations in Projectcities. The audit has also identified appropriate measures to mitigate areas of concern, preparean environmental management and monitoring plans for the various components.The environmental impacts caused due to the urban infrastructure projects can be categorizedeither as primary (direct) or secondary (indirect) impacts. Primary impacts are those which areinduced directly by the project where as the secondary impacts are those which are indirectlyinduced and typically include the associated investments and changing patterns of social andeconomic changes due to the proposed action. The main purpose of Municipal pumping energyefficiency project is to improve urban environmental conditions. As such, there are manyenvironmental benefits to the proposed works. This section focuses on the identification ofpotential adverse environmental impacts short and long term.The audit for environmental impacts is broken down into four categories, coinciding with theimplementation phases of the project:• Location impacts: those impacts associated with pumping station locations on adjacentenvironments including biophysical, ecological and people residing around the site.• Impacts due to proposed Technical Recommendations: those impacts arising from projectrecommendations, including technology to be used, scale of operation/throughput, wasteproduction, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services.• Implementation/Construction impacts: those impacts caused at pumping station due toimplementation of recommendations caused due to site clearing, earthworks, machinery,vehicles and workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, trafficcongestion and waste production.• O& M impacts: those impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of theInfrastructure facility. These include routine management of operations, and OccupationalHealth and Safety issuesThe following section gives existing base line environmental profile encompassing physical,biological/ecological and social environment of the project cities and project areas based onsecondary information from ULBs and discussions with the local officials. Due to similarities inrecommendations generic mitigation measures are proposed with recommended monitoringactions to be conducted to minimize any adverse environmental impacts. As most theimplementations are implemented or in process of implementation the recommendation aremostly post construction environmental precaution to be undertaken and EHS regulation to beadhered for Operational Health and Safety concerns of the workers in the Pumping Stations.The EMP covers the summary of impacts; description of mitigation measures; description ofmonitoring program; institutional arrangements including definition of responsibilities formitigation, monitoring and arrangements for coordination between the various institutions, such17 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTas KUIDFC, ULBs and Water Board etc. The key environmental performance indicators havebeen suggested to regularly monitor their adequacy and effectiveness.18 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSECTION A. HUBLI-DHARWADA-1 IntroductionGeographically, the twin cities of Hubli and Dharwad are located at north latitude of 15 o 19' to15 o 41' and east longitude of 75 o 15' to 75 o 36'. Dharwad has historical significance dating back tothe Vijayanagara Empire and the Maratha Kings. The city is located 20 km south of Dharwad, hasfound significance as a nodal center for trade and commerce in North Karnataka. Hubli is locatedat an altitude of 671 m and Dharwad at an altitude of 762 m, above MSL. The terrain is sloppingfrom Dharwad towards Hubli. Dharwad has better climatic condition than Hubli, due to the altitudedifference of 91 m. While the terrain of Dharwad is spotted with number of hillocks, Hubli City islocated on either side of a natural valley leading to Unkal Lake.Hubli is one of the six urban local bodies (ULBs) selected to undertake energy efficiency projectsthat will generate carbon financing from the World Bank under their Community DevelopmentCarbon Fund. As part of the Bank’s requirements to identify critical environment and socialsafeguard risks and prepare safeguard management plan before the proposed carbon financeoperation can be approved, an environmental audit needs to be conducted and an environmentalmanagement plan to be prepared focusing on environmental issues associated with watertreatment, use and discharge; environmental issues associated with waste disposal; andoccupational health and safety hazards associated with the camp site and constructionmanagement activitiesA-2 Current Bulk Water supply system and current statusHubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation meets its water requirements from two major water projectsMalaprabha Scheme and Neersagar Scheme for supply of water to HDMC were commissioned in1969 and 1993 respectively. At present major portion (above 95%) of the total system drawswater from Malaprabha River, situated North, at around 42 kms from Dharwad. Water fromMalaprabha reservoir is tapped through a stone masonry dam near Manoli village TheMalaprabha Project is being executed in three stages. Stage I and II of the project have beencompleted, including the construction of systems with the intake works, pumping station and thetrunk mains. As a part of the third stage works, under Malaprabha Project, KUWSDB hasformulated a scheme for extraction of 63 MLD water for 2031. While the second stage worksmeets the 2021 demand of 131 MLD, third stage works is scheduled to commerce in 2011 tomeet the 2031 demand, with supply of approximately 195 MLD.Table A-1: Salient Features of Water Supply System.Item Units DetailsMalaprabha Dam Neersagar LakeDesign capacity MLD 68 42Quantity Supplied MLD 59 0Total Quantity of Water supplied MLD 130.00Source KUWSDB.Malaprabha Phase II is based on Priority Investment taken under Karnataka Urban Water andSanitation Sector Improvement Project (KUWSSIP) funded by World Bank. As a part of the Stage19 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTII works, a new raw water pump house for intake is constructed which houses two 1900 DeepWell Turbine pumps with additional space planned for pumps, to be installed in the future. A newsub-station has been also constructed to house 2000 KVA transformers with FCMA starters. ThePhase II was commissioned in August 2004. After the implementation of the second stage works,the old system has been kept idle. Raw water is drawn at Jack-well is pumped upto SoundattiWater Treatment plant. The water is transmitted via 26km long gravity main to Aminbhavipumping station to be supplied to Dharwad through Sarawatpur tank and Hubli through NruptangBetta reservoir. Under KUWSSIP, water treatment plant at Soundatti, and replacement of theexisting pumping mains until the pumping station at Amminbhavi has been completed. Thesurrounding landuse of Jack Well pumping station and Amminabhavi is predominantly barren andpartly agricultural.In the Neerasagar scheme raw water from Neersagar tank was pumped by Dhumwad pumpingstation to the water treatment plant located at Kanavihonnavur. The treated water, through gravitymains is being supplied to only Hubli. New pumping system has been proposed for Neersagarscheme. The surrounding landuse here is agricultural.Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Drainage Board (KUWSDB) has been entrusted for thedesign, procurement for goods, works and construction supervision of the required works and hasbeen currently operating supply of bulk water on their behalf.A-3 Proposed Recommendations and Status of ImplementationThe energy Audit conducted in February 2003 at Malaprabha Jack Well Pump house (Phase-I),Intermediate Pump house at Water Treatment Plant at Saundatti , Aminabhavi pumping stationand Neersagar Pumping station. Several Short and medium term energy efficiency measureswere recommended based on evaluation and energy saving potential and economic viabilityThe ultimate objective of the component is to optimize the improve the bulk water pumpingefficiency by improving pumping component and efficient management The component attributesare:Table A-2: Proposed Energy Efficiency RecommendationsMalaprabha supply system- Jackwell Pumping StationMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps New DWT efficient pump set of 1450 KW replacedthe 1944 HP old pump set-ongoing/May 2008ECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps New manifold to minimize losses. ongoing/May 2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemEnhancement of water flow from Jack well pumpingstation (By-pass intermediate pumping station)ongoing/May 2008ECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor watern/aECM 5Water pumping station operationsoptimizationn/an/aECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresMalaprabha supply system- Intermediate Pumping Station(1)Water totalizer meters installed, daily readings anddata recorded.ongoing/May 200820 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTvalues of Hubli.Table A-3: Ambient Air Quality of HubliParameter KC Circle (commercial area)Average value of Ambient airair pollutant quality standardKIMS (sensitive area)Average value ofair pollutantAmbient airqualitystandardµg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3TSPM 490.61 360 -- 70RSPM -- 120 173 50Sox 7.88 80 3.60 15Nox 12.45 80 7.20 15Source: KSPCB Annual Report 2002 – 03Ecological EnvironmentBeing predominantly an urban area, the ecological environment of Hubli-Dharwad is not verydiverse. A major portion of the twin cities is located on the eastern quadrant of the Dharwaddistrict and this region is characterised by black cotton soil and lower rainfall as compared to thewestern region. Hence mostly shrubs and scattered trees are found in this region. The westernregion outside the city limits, due to its higher rainfall and lateritic soil has remnants of a densedeciduous forest. The monsoon forests covering the western fringe of the district have a variety offlora and fauna, which are not in the influence area of the project area.Socio-Economic EnvironmentThe total population of HDMC is 786,018 as per census 2001. The city has experienced lowpopulation growth during the last two decades (18.3 percent from 1981 to 1991 and 21.2 percent,from 1991 to 2001).The density has increased from 1837 persons per sq.km in 1971 to 3,886persons per sq. km in 2001. While the city’s overall density is quite low, the core, inner areas andsome of the older areas of the city are more densely populated than the fringe areas of the city.The sex ratio (female population per 1,000 male populations) in Hubli-Dharwad is 949, which ishigher than the State urban average of 940 and National urban average of 901. The currentliteracy rate (percentage of literate population to the total population above six years of age) inHDMC is 72.1 percent (the male literacy rate is 77.6 percent and the female literacy rate is 66.4percent) – at par with the State urban average of 71.4 percent and National urban average of70.1 percent.Although the economy of Dharwad district is predominantly agriculture in nature, the primarydrivers of Hubli-Dharwad city’s economy are the trade and commerce, transport and servicesector (mainly industrial units, government jobs). Approximately 55 percent of the city’spopulation is involved in tertiary sector. According to Census 2001, Dharwad district urbanworkforce participation rate (WPR) (percentage of main and marginal workers to the totalpopulation) is 33.18 percent (including 2.5 percent of marginal workers). Hubli-Dharwad urbanWPR in 1991 was 28.03 (including 0.63 percent of marginal workers).A-5 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation MeasuresThe environmental impacts caused due to the urban infrastructure projects can be categorizedeither as primary (direct) or secondary (indirect) impacts. Primary impacts are those which are23 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTinduced directly by the project where as the secondary impacts are those which are indirectlyinduced and typically include the associated investments and changing patterns of social andeconomic changes due to the proposed actionThe audit for environmental impacts is broken down into four categories, coinciding with theimplementation phases of the project:Location ImpactsThe location of recommendations for energy efficiency is at existing pumping stations. Thepumping stations for Malprabha as well as Neerasgar scheme are located within agricultural andbarren land. There are no settlements in close proximity of the Pumping stations. The ambientenvironmental conditions were observed to be free from any kind of pollution. Since the existingenvironment is a built environment, no land acquisition is expected and recommendations wouldbe carried on the same locations, no location impacts are considered likely.Impacts due to energy efficiency recommendationsAs the recommendations are more of upgrading existing systems with technologically superiormechanical and electrical components, no impact is anticipated. Moreover most of therecommendations like surrendering of excess contract demand, increasing pf values are policyand efficiency level decisions and are unlikely to have any environmental impact.Implementation/ Construction ImpactsMost of the physical recommendations proposed at Malaprabha Scheme pumping stations arecurrently being implemented under KWASSIP and hence no impacts are likely. A pumping stationhas been constructed at Jack Well location and an EMP has been implemented for the sameunder KWASSIP project. The recommendation for energy efficiency do not envisage any furtherconstruction works and unlikely to have any impact.Operation and Maintenance ImpactsDuring operation phase there are likely to be non-significant and reversible impacts in the projectarea which are likely to affect the workers. These include high noise and vibrations level, wastedisposal of maintenance related materials and safety for workers from likely accidents.1. Impact due to noise and vibrations level: The pumping stations are expected to be operated allthrough the day. Since there are no sensitive locations or settlements at the locations of the allpumping stations, very minimal impact is envisaged. However the noise and vibrations might leadto nuisances to workers. The pumping equipments have high noise levels in the range of 80 - 95dB (A) depending on the type of machinery used, which can affect the personnel operating themachines. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 80 to 90dB (A) in an 8-hour shift, for which all precautions should be taken into consideration.Mitigation MeasuresMitigation measures are suggested for workers and pumping machineries. Since the pumpingmachinery has been already installed and in operations no specific engineering noise controlmeasures would be applicable. Implementation measures are suggested for protection of workersfrom high and continuous noise. Full mitigation for noise impact is not expected.Mitigation for workers would include• The operator and worker areas for sitting or resting shall be located away from pumpingmachinery locations• Workers shall be provided with noise protection measures like Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs (over-the-head type)24 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORT• To prevent long term health implications Regular annual health checkups for the workersshall to be taken up.• Noise monitoring shall be taken up at the pumping station locations.Noise Mitigation techniques for pumping machinery would include:• Regular maintenance of pumping machinery shall be taken up as per specifications of themanufacturer.• Vegetation planting 4 around periphery boundary of pumping stations shall be taken up.2. Generation of waste and disposal: Periodic maintenance of the pumping equipments, electricalpanels and pump house structure might lead to generation and storage of waste like oil, scrap,electrical equipments and grease. Although the quantity of the waste generation is not substantial,due care needs to be taken for disposal.Mitigation Measures• Different types of waste shall be segregated and stored in different containers to enhancereuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal• Record of type, amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed (including thedisposal sites) shall be maintained in separate register• The disposal shall not be done at sensitive locations, natural water bodies or nearsettlements. Waste like oil, grease/lubricant, metal scrap and building debris should bedisposed off to designated dealers or designated locations with prior approval from therespective Municipal engineers.3. Operational Health and Safety of workers: Specific impacts in this phase include hazards tohealth and safety of workmen working in the pumping station. The following occupational healthissues may be encountered during pumping activities:• Physical hazards in pumping operations may be related to handling of large, heavymaterials and machine parts; accidents related to heavy mechanical movement; injuriesdue to machinery accidents; and injuries due to falls from elevation (e.g. high platforms,ladders, and stairs).• Electrical and fire hazards related to shocks, fires due to faults in electrical panelsMitigation Measures• Occupational health and safety 5 provisions and implementation should be included in O&MContract of pumping stations.• Occupational Health and Safety Plan for workforce should be implemented for protectionagainst physical, electrical and fire hazards with due provision of appropriate protectiveequipments and gears to workers on the site.• Training for workers on handling potential site emergencies, dangers, including potentialhealth effects4 Guidelines suggested and indicative tree/shrub list has been given in Annexure E5• Operational Health and Safety precautions in India are covered under The Factories Act, 1948. This is not a regulatoryrequirement for pumping stations as they would not come under the purview of the aforesaid Act. The pumping station couldadhere to relevant health section (Chapter-III section 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 and 19) and safety (Chapter-IV Section 21, 22,28, 38 and 40) guidelines suggested in The Factories Act, 1948 with subsequent amendments. Occupational Health andSafety Instruction to be a part of O&M are given in annexure -C25 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTTable A-4: Summary of ImpactsImpactsMitigation MeasuresLocationNone potentiallysignificantTechnical recommendationNone potentiallysignificantImplementations/ ConstructionNone potentiallysignificantOperation and MaintenanceNoise and vibrationsleading to nuisances toworkers andneighboursGeneration of wasteand disposalHazards tohealth/safety ofworkmenProviding noise Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs toworkersResponsibilityPreliminary CostingN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aTwo rows of Tree planting/vegetation onthe periphery of the pumping stationsNoise measurements should be conductedRegular Health checkups for workersDifferent types of waste should besegregated and stored in differentcontainers to enhance reuse or recyclingof materials and their proper disposalRecords of wastes for type, amount ofwastes generated, recycled and disposedStorage and disposal of waste at predesignatedand approved location orwaste recycle dealers.Inclusion of Occupational Safety Plan inO&M guidelinesOccupational Safety Plan for workforcewhich will include:1. Protection against physical, electricaland fire hazards2. Adequate personal safety precautionmeasures like wearing of gloves, helmets,earplugs, safety shoes etc.,3.Training for workers on handlingpotential site emergencies, dangers,including potential health effectsMunicipalCorporation /KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyINR 2500/- for each PPE(earmuff)Minimum 4 (considering 4personnel in each shift ) foreach pumping stationINR 150/- per Sqm of vegetation(Appox. 100 Sqm or landavailable along the boundarywall at each pumping station)Annual maintenance INR10,000/- at each pumping stationNoise Monitoring At pumpingstation (INR 2500/-each location)Minimum two locations at eachpumping StationHealth check-up cost peroperator level employee INR1000/-per annum.(Considering10 employees per pumpingstation)No cost ImplicationsNo cost ImplicationsFire fighting equipments like fieextinguishers @ INR 3000/Unit(minimum 4 for each pumpingstation)Each set of personal safetyprecaution equipments INR2500/-(Minimum 4sets –considering 4 personnel in eachshift for each pumping station)First aid equipments andaccessories INR 2500/-OHS Training cost of INR10,000/- per session of 10workers annuallyThe cost of implementing above mitigation measures as capital costs for equipments works out toINR 2.0 lakhs (INR 0.50 lakhs for each pumping station).The training and maintenance is26 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTestimated at INR 1.43 lakhs per annum (INR 0.38 lakhs for IPS and 0.35 lakhs for other pumpingstation per annum).A-6 Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring PlanThe executing agency for energy efficiency programme is the respective Municipal Corporation.For environmental concerns Municipal Corporation would be supported by Environmental Unit ofKUIDFC. During the operational phase, the Corporation (or any O&M agency if work isoutsourced), with the assistance of KUWSDB and the KUIDFC will be responsible for monitoringthe environmental parameters of pumping stations.Table A-5 : Environmental Monitoring Plan and ResponsibilitiesMitigation Parameters toMeasurements Frequency ResponsibilityMeasures be MonitoredOccupationalHealth andSafety PlanMunicipalCorporation/O& M agencyNoise andvibrationsMitigationImplementation ofOccupational health andsafety provisions inO&M ContractNoise Monitoring Atpumping stationMinimum two locationsat each pumping Stationand should include1.within the pump-houseat workers sitting area2. within 50m downwardwind direction3.Location of residentialareas (Booster pumpingstation)Observation of workpractices and checkingthe conformity withOHS provisionsNoise monitoring atpumping stationEquivalent noise levelsusing noise level meterReadings @ 15 secondsinterval for 15 minutesper hourTo be verified forNational NoisestandardsYearly check onimplementationof OHSmeasures andannual trainingOnce every sixmonthsSupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFCMunicipalCorporation /O & M agencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFCProvision oflandscapebuffer zonearoundpumpingstation siteType and location ofvegetation planting andmaintenance of plants.Visual inspectionof site preparationactivities duringvegetation planting andcheck on maintenanceregarding survival ofplantsOne-offinspectionof plantingduringimplementationand checkduring annualenvironmentalreviewMunicipalCorporationA-7 Findings and RecommendationsImpacts of all the technical recommendations suggested for energy efficiency at all the pumpingstations are minor and mitigation possibilities are available. Particular environmental issuesidentified are those which are typical for the pumping equipments and mitigations needs to betaken up as suggested in EMP and monitoring plan.27 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORT28 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSECTION B. BELGAUMB-1 IntroductionBelgaum is situated in the northwestern part of Karnataka Geographically, the Belgaum City islocated at longitude 74 0 31’E and latitude 15 0 51’N. Popularly known as the ‘Cradle of Infantry’,Belgaum houses defence establishments such as Military Training Center and Air Base. Belgaumhouses major industrial establishments such as Tata Power and Indian Aluminium (INDAL). Inaddition to the above, the Udyambag Industrial estate situated in the southwestern part of the cityhouses number of engineering industries. The industries, educational institutions and thecantonment significantly contribute to the economic growth of the city.Belgaum is one of the six urban local bodies (ULBs) selected to undertake energy efficiencyprojects that will generate carbon financing from the World Bank under their CommunityDevelopment Carbon Fund. As part of the Bank’s requirements to identify critical environmentand social safeguard risks and prepare safeguard management plan before the proposed carbonfinance operation can be approved, an environmental audit needs to be conducted and anenvironmental management plan to be prepared focusing on environmental issues associatedwith water treatment, use and discharge; environmental issues associated with waste disposal;and occupational health and safety hazards associated with the camp site and constructionmanagement activities.B-2 Overview of Current Bulk Water Supply SystemWater supply to Belgaum is through two sources namely Rakaskop scheme developed in 1962on the Markandeya River and the Hidkal scheme on the Ghataprabha River developed in 2000. InRakaskop Scheme water from the reservoir is received by Hindalga pumping Station. FromHindalga the raw water is pumped to the water treatment plant at Laxmitek. Hidkal schemeinvolves three stages of pumping namely Jack well located on the downstream side of Hidkalirrigation storage dam, first Intermediate Pumping Station (IPS) at Kundargi and secondIntermediate Pumping Station at Tummarguddi village. Raw water transmission to Laxmitek WTPis carried out by a combination of pumping and gravity mains. Belgaum Municipal Corporationoperates and maintains Rakaskop water supply system and distribution in the city. Hidkal watersupply system is being operated and maintained upto the water treatment plant by KUWSDB. TheO & M of both the systems has been outsourced. Belgaum is also one of the three ULBs whichare included in the Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Sector reform process in Karnataka UrbanWater and Sanitation Sector Improvement Project supported by The World Bank as ademonstration project.Table B-1: Water supply overview in Belgaum.System Design Capacity Present SupplyMLDMLDRakaskop Water Supply System 54.55 40.90Hidkal Water Supply System 54.55 15.90Total 109.10 56.80Source: Belgaum CC/KUWSDB.Raw Water Pumping Station at Hindalga for Rakaskop Scheme is a new pumping station builtunder KWASSIP project next to the old pumping house which is kept idle. The pump house is29 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTlocated along the Markandeya River (a tributary of Ghataprabha River) and surrounding landuseis mostly agricultural. There are no settlements around the pumping station and sufficient bufferhas been maintained around the station.For Hidkal Water Supply System as mentioned earlier Ghataprabha River is the source of water.Intake works are located near the road from Belgaum to Hattargi, on the downstream side ofHidkal irrigation storage dam. The right bank irrigation canal starts from the dam, while the leftbank canal starts from the old Dupadal weir, located about 15 km on the downstream. The wateris released from the dam regularly for filling the Dupadal weir, due to which the river bed at theintake works of Belgaum water supply system always remains charged.At the river head works, pumping station is located off main road and consists of Rectangularintake well, Circular Jackwell overhead pump house. Pumps are installed in the overhead pumphouse, while the control panels, starters etc are housed in a separate rectangular switch room.Surrounding landuse is mostly barren and canal on one side. No settlements are around thepumping station. The ambient environment is observed to be free from any air and noisepollution.The first intermediate pumping station is located at Kundargi, about 6.55 km from the head works.The pump house structure is located off main road and consists of one rectangular pump housewith AC sheet roofing, constructed by the side of the sump. Few residential structures are locatedin close proximity of the pumping station and most of the surrounding landuse is barren andagricultural. The second intermediate pumping station at Tummarguddi village is located about15.26 km from the Kundargi pumping station. This pumping station consists of one rectangularpump house, by the side of the sump and surrounding landuse is mainly agricultural.B-3 Proposed Energy Efficiency Recommendations at Pumping StationsThe energy Audit conducted in July 2003 covered all water pumping stations in Belgaum. Severalshort and medium term energy efficiency measures were recommended based on evaluation andenergy saving potential and economic viability The ultimate objective of the component is tooptimize the improve the bulk water pumping efficiency by improving pumping component andefficient management The component attributes are:Table B-2 Proposed energy efficiency RecommendationRakasakoppa Pumping StationMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps Replacing the existing 250 HP and 200 HP pumpswith higher capacity pumps (Rakaskop)ongoing/May 2008ECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps n/a n/aECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemImproving the main water flow distribution system(Hidkal)ongoing/May 2008ECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted The leakage prone 1200 mm pipeline over 10 kmfor waterfrom Kundargi to Tummerguddi.ongoing/May 2008ECM 5Water pumping station operationsoptimizationn/an/aECM 6Hindalga Pumping StationOptimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresn/a30 World Bankn/a

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTHindalga Pumping StationMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps Replacing 400 HP pump sets by new 600 HP oneswith adequate head resulting in energy savings ondaily basis.ECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps n/a n/aongoing/May 2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor watern/aECM 5Water pumping station operationsoptimizationn/an/aECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresn/an/aSource: PDD, World BankB-4 Environmental SettingPhysiography and SoilThe city is characterised by Musketry hills to west and Turukmatti hills to the north at an altitudeof about 779 m giving a general slope to the southeast direction. The City is situated on a slopingterrain. Soil in Belgaum is categorised into Red Lateritic, Black Trappean and Sandy soil. Blackcotton soil is also predominant in the region. The geological formation of Belgaum chiefly consistsof the Dharwars, Gneisses, Kaladgi series and the Deccan trap. Soil is categorised by RedLaterite, Black Trappean soil and Sandy soil. The ground water level in Belgaum is relativelyshallow and fluctuates between 5 - 10 m from the ground level.ClimateThe climatic condition in Belgaum is generally salubrious. The lowest and highest temperaturesare recorded in the months of January and April, with 14.3 0 C and 35.4 0 C respectively. The wetmonths are from May to October and dry months are from November to March. The best weatheris experienced in the months of November, December and January. The city receives averagerainfall of 1300 mm and about 68% of the annual rainfall precipitates during the south-westmonsoon season, which lasts from June to September. The humidity is over 85% duringmonsoon and about 30% between January and March, the driest part of the year. Thepredominant wind direction in Belgaum is south-east to north-east. The winds blow mainly fromsouth-west and west during the period from April to September. In October, winds blow commonlybetween North and East directions. During November and December, winds are mostly Northeasterlyor easterly, while in January they are south westerly or westerly.Water ResourcesRivers Ghataprabha and Malaprabha cross Belgaum from west to east and form watersheds thatdivide the Ghataprabha basin from the Krishna basin in the south. However, all these surfacewater bodies are outside the city limits of Belgaum. Bellary Nala and Lendi Nala are the twostreams flowing in Belgaum. Kotekere Lake in the Northeast of the city is an important water bodyin the city and has a large command area.31 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTGround water level in Belgaum owing to high infiltration rates is relatively shallow and fluctuatesaround 5-10 m from the ground level. In terms of quality, no major contamination is reported inthe city. However, no specific information on ground water was available with the authorities andhence the same could not be analyzed.Ambient Air QualityThe ambient air quality status of Belguam shows all the pollutants in the ambient air are with inthe prescribed limits of the Pollution control board. There are two monitoring stations in Belgaumand both are located in industrial areas. The following Table Table B-3 shows the ambient airquality values of Belguam.Table B-3: Ambient Air Quality of BelgaumAuto NagarUdhyambhag Ambient air qualityAverage value of airpollutantAverage value of airpollutantstandard(Industrial area)µg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3TSPM 18.75 27.08 360RSPM 27.08 85.41 120SOx -- -- 80NOx -- -- --Source: KSPCB Annual Report 2002 - 03Noise EnvironmentThere is no existing data available on noise levels for Belgaum corporation area. Hence the baseline profile of the same is not presented.Ecological EnvironmentEven though Belgaum district ranks fifth in forest area, among all the district of the Karnataka, noforest is situated within its city limits. Forests are noticed mostly on the spurs of the WesternGhats. Moist deciduous forests are noticed in the rainfall areas of 1000 mm and above. Theseforests are found in areas around Khanapur. In these types of forests, rosewood, teakwood,hone, matti, nandi etc., are commonly seen. The district has a rich variety of fauna. Wild animalscommonly found are the leopard cat, jungle cat, toddy cat, Indian civet, striped hyena, smallIndian mangoose, Indian jackal, wild dog, common porcupine, giant flying squirrel, wild pig etc.But these are confined to forest areas and agricultural lands, and are hardly found within the city.Socio-Economic EnvironmentBelgaum city, being the fifth largest city of Karnataka, the District and Division headquarter ofBelgaum district. The City Corporation jurisdiction extends upto an area of 94.08 sq. km, housing3.99 lakh population within 58 wards. The industries, educational institutions and the cantonmentsignificantly contribute to the economic growth of the city. The compounded annual growth rate(CAGR) has remained steady between 3.61 percent and 3.01 percent, through the period 1971 to1991. The total Workforce Participation Rate (main workers and marginal workers as apercentage to the total population) was around 27 percent from 1991 to 2001.The population density for Belgaum has increased from 2,601 persons per sq. km to 4,247persons per sq. km (a growth of 63.28 percent).The current sex ratio (female population per 1,00032 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTmale population) in Belgaum is 951, which is lower than the district figure of 959. In 2001, theliteracy rate (percentage of literate population to the total population above six years of age) in thecity was 88.03 percent. The male and female literacy rate was 93.63 percent and 82.16 percent,respectively.Cultural and Historical MonumentsBelgaum has a rich cultural past and the core city has developed around the existing fort. TheFort, two Jain temples, the remains of a Hindu temple and Safa Masjid are recorded as historicalmonuments under the central protection category.B-5 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation MeasuresThe audit for environmental impacts is broken down into four categories, coinciding with theimplementation phases of the project:Location ImpactsThe location of recommendations for energy efficiency is at existing pumping stations. Thepumping stations for Rakaskop as well as Hidkal scheme are located within agricultural andbarren land. There are no major settlements in close proximity of the Pumping stations. Theambient environmental conditions were observed to be free from any kind of pollution. Since theexisting environment is a built environment, no land acquisition is expected and recommendationswould be carried on the same locations and hence no location impacts are considered likely.Impacts due to energy efficiency recommendationsAs the recommendations are more of upgrading existing systems with technologically superiormechanical and electrical components, no impact is anticipated. Moreover most of therecommendations like surrendering of excess contract demand, increasing pf values are policyand efficiency level decisions and are unlikely to have any environmental impact.Implementation/ Construction ImpactsMost of the recommendations proposed at Rakaskop and Hidkal scheme pumping stations haveare currently being implemented under KWASSIP and no new construction activities areanticipated for energy efficiency measures and hence no impacts are likely.Operation and Maintenance ImpactsDuring operation phase there are likely to be non-significant and reversible impacts in the projectarea which are likely to affect the workers. These include high noise and vibrations level, wastedisposal of maintenance related materials and safety for workers from likely accidents.1. Impact due to noise and vibrations level: The pumping stations are expected to be operated allthrough the day. Since there are no sensitive locations or settlements at the locations of the allpumping stations, very minimal impact is envisaged. However the noise and vibrations might leadto nuisances to workers. The pumping equipments have high noise levels in the range of 80 - 95dB (A) depending on the type of machinery used, which can affect the personnel operating themachines. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 80 to 90dB (A) in an 8-hour shift, for which all precautions should be taken into consideration.Mitigation MeasuresMitigation measures are suggested for workers and pumping machineries. Since the pumpingmachinery has been already installed and in operations no specific engineering noise controlmeasures would be applicable. Implementation measures are suggested for protection of workers33 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTfrom high and continuous noise. Full mitigation for noise impact is not expected.Mitigation for workers would include• The operator and worker areas for sitting or resting shall be located away from pumpingmachinery locations• Workers shall be provided with noise protection measures like Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs (over-the-head) or disposable earplugs• To prevent long term health implications Regular annual health checkups for the workersshall to be taken up.• Noise monitoring shall be taken up at the pumping station locations.Noise Mitigation techniques for pumping machinery would include:• Regular maintenance of pumping machinery shall be taken up as per specifications of themanufacturer.• Vegetation planting around periphery boundary of pumping stations shall be taken up.2. Generation of waste and disposal: Periodic maintenance of the pumping equipments, electricalpanels and pump house structure might lead to generation and storage of waste like oil, scrap,electrical equipments and grease. Although the quantity of the waste generation is not substantial,due care needs to be taken for disposal.Mitigation Measures• Different types of waste shall be segregated and stored in different containers to enhancereuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal• Record of type, amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed (including thedisposal sites) shall be maintained in separate register• The disposal shall not be done at sensitive locations, natural water bodies or nearsettlements. Waste like oil, grease/lubricant, metal scrap and building debris should bedisposed off to designated dealers or designated locations with prior approval from therespective Municipal engineers.3. Operational Health and Safety of workers: Specific impacts in this phase include hazards tohealth and safety of workmen working in the pumping station. The following occupational healthissues may be encountered during pumping activities:• Physical hazards in pumping operations may be related to handling of large, heavymaterials and machine parts; accidents related to heavy mechanical movement; injuriesdue to machinery accidents; and injuries due to falls from elevation (e.g. high platforms,ladders, and stairs).• Electrical and fire hazards related to shocks, fires due to faults in electrical panelsMitigation Measures• Occupational health and safety provisions and implementation shall be included in O&MContract of pumping stations.• Occupational Health and Safety Plan for workforce shall be implemented for protectionagainst physical, electrical and fire hazards with due provision of appropriate protectiveequipments and gears to workers on the site.• Training for workers on handling potential site emergencies, dangers, including potentialhealth effects shall be given.34 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTTable B-4: Summary of ImpactsImpactsMitigation MeasuresLocationNone potentiallysignificantTechnical recommendationNone potentiallysignificantImplementations/ ConstructionNone potentiallysignificantOperation and MaintenanceNoise and vibrationsleading to nuisances toworkers andneighboursGeneration of wasteand disposalHazards tohealth/safety ofworkmenProviding noise Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs toworkersResponsibilityPreliminary CostingN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aTwo rows of Tree planting/vegetation onthe periphery of the pumping stationsNoise measurements should be conductedRegular Health checkups for workersDifferent types of waste should besegregated and stored in differentcontainers to enhance reuse or recyclingof materials and their proper disposalRecords of wastes for type, amount ofwastes generated, recycled and disposedStorage and disposal of waste at predesignatedand approved location orwaste recycle dealers.Inclusion of Occupational Safety Plan inO&M guidelinesOccupational Safety Plan for workforcewhich will include:1. Protection against physical, electricaland fire hazards2. Adequate personal safety precautionmeasures like wearing of gloves, helmets,earplugs, safety shoes etc.,3.Training for workers on handlingpotential site emergencies, dangers,including potential health effectsMunicipalCorporation /KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyINR 2500/- for each PPE(earmuff)Minimum 4 (considering 4personnel in each shift ) foreach pumping stationINR 150/- per Sqm of vegetation(Appox. 100 Sqm or landavailable along the boundarywall at each pumping station)Annual maintenance INR10,000/- at each pumping stationNoise Monitoring At pumpingstation (INR 2500/-each location)Minimum two locations at eachpumping StationHealth check-up cost peroperator level employee INR1000/-per annum.(Considering10 employees per pumpingstation)No cost ImplicationsNo cost ImplicationsFire fighting equipments like fieextinguishers @ INR 3000/Unit(minimum 4 for each pumpingstation)Each set of personal safetyprecaution equipments INR2500/-(Minimum 4sets –considering 4 personnel in eachshift for each pumping station)First aid equipments andaccessories INR 2500/-OHS Training cost of INR10,000/- per session of 10workers annuallyThe cost of implementing above mitigation measures as capital costs for equipments works out toINR 2.0 lakhs (INR 0.50 lakhs for each pumping station).The training and maintenance is35 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTestimated at INR 1.43 lakhs per annum (INR 0.38 lakhs for IPS-2 and 0.35 lakhs for otherpumping station per annum).B-6 Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring PlanThe executing agency for energy efficiency programme is the respective Municipal Corporation.For environmental concerns Municipal Corporation would be supported by Environmental Unit ofKUIDFC. During the operational phase, the Corporation (or any O&M agency if work isoutsourced), with the assistance of KUWSDB and the KUIDFC will be responsible for monitoringthe environmental parameters of pumping stations.Table B-5 : Environmental Monitoring Plan and ResponsibilitiesMitigation Parameters toMeasurements Frequency ResponsibilityMeasures be MonitoredOccupationalHealth andSafetyPlanImplementation ofOccupational health andsafety provisions inO&MContractObservation of workpractices and checkingthe conformity withOHS provisionsYearly check onimplementationof OHSmeasures andannual trainingMunicipalCorporation/the O & MagencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofNoise andvibrationsMitigationNoise Monitoring Atpumping stationMinimum two locationsat each pumping Stationand should include1.within the pump-houseat workers sitting area2. within 50m downwardwind direction3.Location of residentialareas (near IPS-2)Noise monitoring atpumping stationEquivalent noise levelsusing noise level meterReadings @ 15 secondsinterval for 15 minutesper hourTo be verified forNational NoisestandardsOnce every sixmonthsKUIDFCMunicipalCorporation /the O&MagencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFCProvision oflandscapebuffer zonearoundpumpingstation siteType and location ofvegetation planting andmaintenance of plants.Visual inspectionof site preparationactivities duringvegetation planting andcheck on maintenanceregarding survival ofplantsOne-offinspectionof plantingduringimplementationand checkduring annualenvironmentalreviewMunicipalCorporationB-7 Findings and RecommendationsImpacts of all the technical recommendations suggested for energy efficiency at all the pumpingstations are minor and mitigation possibilities are available. Particular environmental issuesidentified are those which are typical for the pumping equipments and mitigations needs to betaken up as suggested in EMP and monitoring plan.36 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSECTION C. GULBARGAC-1 IntroductionGulbarga city is a divisional headquarters and is among the largest municipal corporations in theState. Gulbarga has historical significance dating back to the Bahamani period in 14th century.The city has developed as a regional market and service centre in lieu of its connectivity toMumbai, Bangalore and Hyderabad. The majority of the city's outbound shipments consist of foodproducts and other agricultural items. Gulbarga is an important tourism centre in the state. Themain tourist attractions in the town are the monuments belonging to the erstwhile Bahamanirulers.Gulberga is one of the six urban local bodies (ULBs) selected to undertake energy efficiencyprojects that will generate carbon financing from the World Bank under their CommunityDevelopment Carbon Fund. As part of the Bank’s requirements to identify critical environmentand social safeguard risks and prepare safeguard management plan before the proposed carbonfinance operation can be approved, an environmental audit needs to be conducted and anenvironmental management plan to be prepared focusing on environmental issues associatedwith water treatment, use and discharge; environmental issues associated with waste disposal;and occupational health and safety hazards associated with the camp site and constructionmanagement activities.C-2 Overview of Current Bulk Water Supply SystemGulbarga city water supply works are covered in the proposed Karnataka Urban Water Supplyand Sanitation Sector Improvement Project (KUWASSIP) supported by the World Bank as PriorityInvestment. Water Supply to Gulberga is through three sources namely Bhoga, Bennithora andBhima Rivers. Presently there is no water supply through Bhogasa source due to insufficientquantity of water and at Bennithora scheme the strengthening of rising main is under progressunder KUWSSIP Project.The Bennithora River Water Supply System second stage water supply development took placein year 1978, with Bennithora river as the source of water and is designed supply 9 MLD.Thesource works are located at a distance of about 20 kms from the Sultanpur water treatment plantand consist of an intake well, connecting main laid for a length of 51 m, Jackwell and pumphouse. The landuse around the project location is mostly barren and agricultural. Bhima schemewas developed in 1993, as the earlier two stages from Bhosga Reservoir and Bennithora Riverwere not dependable for steady supply to the city throughout the year. A barrage has beenconstructed near village Saradgi, about 27.50 km from the city and the water is pumped by twostages namely Jack well at the river source and Intermediate Pumping Station at Kotnoor. RawWater Abstraction consists of a RCC intake well, RCC Jackwell constructed on the bank; andpump house constructed over the jack well. The works are recently constructed and in goodcondition. The landuse surrounding the pumping stations is predominantly agricultural. Bhimawater supply system is currently being operated and maintained by KUWSDB while the CityCorporation is looking after the O & M of Bennithora system.37 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTTable C-1: Existing Water Supply Sources.Source Design Capacity Present SupplymldmldBhosga Reservoir 9.09 -Bennithora River 18.18 4.55Bhima River 25.00 21.60Wells 3.41 1.14Total 55.68 27.29Source: CC Gulbarga and KUWSDBC-3 Proposed Energy Efficiency Recommendations at Pumping StationsThe energy Audit conducted in April 2003 covered all water pumping stations. Several Short termenergy efficiency measures were recommended based on evaluation and energy saving potentialand economic viability. The ultimate objective is to optimize and improve the bulk water pumpingefficiency by improving pumping component and efficient management.Table C-2. Proposed energy efficiency RecommendationBennithora Pumping StationMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps n/a n/aECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps Manifold and piping remodelled to improveefficiency (on going works)ongoing/May 2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemImproving the main water flow distributionsystem (on going works)ongoing/May 2008ECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted forwatern/an/aECM 5 Water pumping station operations optimization n/a n/aECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructure throughbetter metering and monitoring measuresn/an/aBhima Pumping StationMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps At Saradji head works, 750 HP pump set isreplaced by 1400 HP with higer head- Theexisting 650 HP is replaced by 1000 HPpump set.ongoing/May 2008ECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps n/a n/aECM 3ECM 4Improving the main water flow distributionsystemReduction in leaks and other unaccounted forwaterECM 5 Water pumping station operations optimization n/a n/an/an/an/an/aECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructure throughbetter metering and monitoring measuresn/an/aSource: PDD, World Bank38 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTC-4 Environmental SettingPhysiography and SoilLocated on vast expanse of gently undulating plain, the terrain drains towards south andsoutheast towards Bhima River located at 25 km away from the Gulbarga. The City is surroundedby small hillocks towards the north and northwest side. The general elevation in the region variesbetween 330 m and 650 m. The city is spread around Sharavana Basveshwara Lake, animportant natural water body.The city is located in the rich agricultural tracts of Krishna River basin and the soil is characterizedby fertile Block Cotton soil. The main geological formations seen in Gulbarga are Pleistocene andRecent (consisting of soil and laetrite, alluvium and recent conglomerates), tertiary (comprised ofdeccan traps and inter trappeans and intra-trappeans), puranas (composed of upper Bhimashales and sandstones), archean (comprising peninsular gneiss with associated youngergranites) and Dharwar schists. The characteristic rock types found are hard and compact rockscalled basalts. Overlying the Deccan traps and the Bhimas, there are thick spreads of black soil.In the area occupied by granites, the soil varies from loamy to sandy. Pebbles of chert, limestone,shale and granite are frequently found embedded in these soils. The kinds of minerals found inthe district include gold ochre, feldspar, gypsum and copper.Climatic ConditionsThe region experiences extreme climatic conditions with very high temperatures during thesummer and low during the winters. Although it is divided into three distinct seasons: summer,from February to July; monsoon, from August to September; and winter, from October to January;the city experience generally hot and humid climate with prolonged summer. The Temperatureranges from 40 o C to 16 o C. Humidity ranges between 40 percent and 60 percent. The averageannual rainfall is around 730 mm. The mean maximum humidity of the city is around 60% in themorning, with a minimum of about 40%. During monsoons humidity increases up to 70 percent inthe mornings and 50 percent in the evening. The predominant wind direction in Gulbarga is fromwest to south-west in the monsoon season and from east to north east during winter seasons.Water ResourcesKrishna and Bhima are the major rivers of Gulbarga region. Kagina River originates in AndhraPradesh and joins Bhima in the district. Bennithora, a tributary of Bhima, flows through the district.While Bhima and Bennithora Rivers are the major water supply sources of Gulbarga, none ofthese flow through the city. Kotnoor Nala is a major natural stream, flows from north to south, inthe eastern part of the city and joins Bhima River at about 1 km upstream of the intake well forwater supply to the city. Sharavana Basaveshwara Lake is an important water body in the cityaround which the city has developed.KSPCB monitors ground water quality at about 11 locations in Gulbarga and at 3 locations atBhima River. Analysis of information on water quality for the past 3 years indicates that the waterquality is well within the drinking water quality standards prescribed in IS 10500. The criticalparameters such pH, Chlorides, hardness, range from 7-8, 200-400 mg/l and 300 – 500 mg/l39 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTrespectively. However, no information is available on the ground water level in the city. Based ondiscussions with the municipal engineers and local residents, it is noted that ground water levelsin Gulbarga are around 50 – 100 m below ground level.Ambient Air QualityThe ambient air quality data is available at two monitoring stations; both are located incommercial areas. The ambient air quality at the GDA building shows that the respirablesuspended particulate matter (RSPM) values are slightly exceeding the limits and other pollutantsare well with in the limits. At monitoring results at Janatha Bazaar shows that the total suspendedparticulate matter (TSPM) in the ambient air is much higher than the specified limit. The highlevels of SPM can be mainly attributed to the vehicular movement on the dusty roads. The dryweather conditions in the area are adding to this problem.Table C-3: Ambient Air Quality of GulbargaParameterGDA BuildingJanatha Bazar Ambient air qualityAverage value of airpollutantAverage value of airpollutantstandardµg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3TSPM 156.00 541.66 360RSPM 122.65 111.71 120Sox 4.23 6.28 80NOx 5.96 4.05 80Source: KSPCB Annual Report 2002 – 03Noise EnvironmentThere is no existing data available on noise levels for activities in any part of the GulbargaCorporation area.Ecological EnvironmentGulbarga is situated in the dry-climate belt, due to which lofty hill ranges are absent. Thereforeflora and fauna is not diverse. The land classified under forests is only 4% in entire district. Thedeciduous forest has been exploited and most of the forests have become barren. Wildlife is alsonot profuse thanks to the absence of evergreen forests.Socio-Economic EnvironmentThe total population of City Corporation area is 430,108 as per census 2001. The city shows anaverage population growth rate of 40 percent in the last two decades, against a high growth rateof 50 percent in the 60’s and 70’s. The compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of populationfrom 1961 to 1981 is 4.2 percent and has since sustained at 3.5 percent in the last two decades(1981-2001).The current sex ratio (female population per 1,000 male populations) in Gulbarga is920, which is lower than the State urban average of 940 . Across districts, Gulbarga has one ofthe lowest literacy rates in the district (50.65 percent, as per census 2001).Gulbarga District is one of the four backward districts of North Karnataka. It lies in the Hyderabad-Karnataka region that has been categorized as industrially backwards. Although the economy of40 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTGulbarga district is predominantly agricultural in nature, the primary drivers of Gulbarga city’seconomy are the trade and commerce, transport and service sector (mainly small industrial units,government jobs). Approximately 68 percent of the city’s population is involved in service sector.Cultural and Historical MonumentsThe city of Gulbarga has a rich cultural past and has grown around the Fort. The Bahamani Fortand the Hafth Gumbaz are recorded as historical monuments by the Archaeological Survey ofIndia and categorised under central protection. Inside the fort there is the great mosque,Baragaza top (cannon) and Ranga Mandal. The Sharavana Basaweshvara Temple and thenumerous Domes or Gumbaz are found in and around the old city area.C-5 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation MeasuresThe audit for environmental impacts is broken down into four categories, coinciding with theimplementation phases of the project:Location ImpactsThe location of recommendations for energy efficiency is at existing pumping stations. Thepumping stations for Bhima Scheme at River intake point and Intermediate Station at Kotnoor arelocated within agricultural and barren land. There are no settlements in close proximity of thePumping stations. The ambient environmental conditions were observed to be free from any kindof pollution. Since the existing environment is a built environment, no land acquisition is expectedand recommendations would be carried on the same locations, no location impacts areconsidered likely.Impacts due to energy efficiency recommendationsAs the recommendations are more of upgrading existing systems with technologically superiormechanical and electrical components, no impact is anticipated. Moreover most of therecommendations like surrendering of excess contract demand, increasing pf values are policyand efficiency level decisions and are unlikely to have any environmental impact.Implementation/ Construction ImpactsMost of the physical recommendations proposed at Bhima Scheme pumping stations arecurrently being implemented under KWASSIP and hence no impacts are likely. A pumping stationhas been constructed at Jack Well location and an EMP has been implemented for the sameunder KWASSIP project. The recommendation for energy efficiency do not envisage any furtherconstruction works and unlikely to have any impact.Operation and Maintenance ImpactsDuring operation phase there are likely to be non-significant and reversible impacts in the projectarea which are likely to affect the workers. These include high noise and vibrations level, wastedisposal of maintenance related materials and safety for workers from likely accidents.1. Impact due to noise and vibrations level: The pumping stations are expected to be operated allthrough the day. Since there are no sensitive locations or settlements at the locations of the allpumping stations, very minimal impact is envisaged. However the noise and vibrations might leadto nuisances to workers. The pumping equipments have high noise levels in the range of 80 - 95dB (A) depending on the type of machinery used, which can affect the personnel operating themachines. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 80 to 90dB (A) in an 8-hour shift, for which all precautions should be taken into consideration.41 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTMitigation MeasuresMitigation measures are suggested for workers and pumping machineries. Since the pumpingmachinery has been already installed and in operations no specific engineering noise controlmeasures would be applicable. Implementation measures are suggested for protection of workersfrom high and continuous noise. Full mitigation for noise impact is not expected.Mitigation for workers would include• The operator and worker areas for sitting or resting shall be located away from pumpingmachinery locations• Workers shall be provided with noise protection measures like Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs (over-the-head type)• To prevent long term health implications Regular annual health checkups for the workersshall to be taken up.• Noise monitoring shall be taken up at the pumping station locations.Noise Mitigation techniques for pumping machinery would include:• Regular maintenance of pumping machinery should be taken up as per specifications ofthe manufacturer.• Vegetation planting around periphery boundary of pumping stations should be taken up.2. Generation of waste and disposal: Periodic maintenance of the pumping equipments, electricalpanels and pump house structure might lead to generation and storage of waste like oil, scrap,electrical equipments and grease. Although the quantity of the waste generation is not substantial,due care needs to be taken for disposal.Mitigation Measures• Different types of waste shall be segregated and stored in different containers to enhancereuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal• Record of type, amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed (including thedisposal sites) shall be maintained in separate register• The disposal shall not be done at sensitive locations, natural water bodies or nearsettlements. Waste like oil, grease/lubricant, metal scrap and building debris should bedisposed off to designated dealers or designated locations with prior approval from therespective Municipal engineers.3. Operational Health and Safety of workers: Specific impacts in this phase include hazards tohealth and safety of workmen working in the pumping station. The following occupational healthissues may be encountered during pumping activities:• Physical hazards in pumping operations may be related to handling of large, heavymaterials and machine parts; accidents related to heavy mechanical movement; injuriesdue to machinery accidents; and injuries due to falls from elevation (e.g. high platforms,ladders, and stairs).• Electrical and fire hazards related to shocks, fires due to faults in electrical panelsMitigation Measures• Occupational health and safety provisions and implementation shall be included in O&MContract of pumping stations.42 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORT• Occupational Health and Safety Plan for workforce shall be implemented for protectionagainst physical, electrical and fire hazards with due provision of appropriate protectiveequipments and gears to workers on the site.• Training for workers on handling potential site emergencies, dangers, including potentialhealth effects shall be given.Table C-4: Summary of ImpactsImpactsMitigation MeasuresLocationNone potentiallysignificantTechnical recommendationNone potentiallysignificantImplementations/ ConstructionNone potentiallysignificantOperation and MaintenanceNoise and vibrationsleading to nuisances toworkers andneighboursGeneration of wasteand disposalHazards tohealth/safety ofProviding noise Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs toworkersResponsibilityPreliminary CostingN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aTwo rows of Tree planting/vegetation onthe periphery of the pumping stationsNoise measurements should be conductedRegular Health checkups for workersDifferent types of waste should besegregated and stored in differentcontainers to enhance reuse or recyclingof materials and their proper disposalRecords of wastes for type, amount ofwastes generated, recycled and disposedStorage and disposal of waste at predesignatedand approved location orwaste recycle dealers.Inclusion of Occupational Safety Plan inO&M guidelinesMunicipalCorporation /KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/KUWSDB /O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/ O &INR 2500/- for each PPE(earmuff)Minimum 4 (considering 4personnel in each shift ) foreach pumping stationINR 150/- per Sqm of vegetation(Appox. 100 Sqm or landavailable along the boundarywall at each pumping station)Annual maintenance INR10,000/- at each pumping stationNoise Monitoring At pumpingstation (INR 2500/-each location)Minimum two locations at eachpumping StationHealth check-up cost peroperator level employee INR1000/-per annum.(Considering10 employees per pumpingstation)No cost ImplicationsNo cost Implications43 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTOccupational Safety Plan for workforcewhich will include:1. Protection against physical, electricaland fire hazards2. Adequate personal safety precautionmeasures like wearing of gloves, helmets,earplugs, safety shoes etc.,3.Training for workers on handlingpotential site emergencies, dangers,including potential health effectsFire fighting equipments like fieextinguishers @ INR 3000/Unit(minimum 4 for each pumpingstation)Each set of personal safetyprecaution equipments INR2500/-(Minimum 4sets –considering 4 personnel in eachshift for each pumping station)First aid equipments andaccessories INR 2500/-OHS Training cost of INR10,000/- per session of 10workers annuallyThe cost of implementing above mitigation measures as capital costs for equipments works out toINR 1.50 lakhs (INR 0.50 lakhs for each pumping station).The training and maintenance isestimated at INR 1.05 lakhs per annum (INR 0.35 lakhs for each pumping stations per annum).C-6 Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring PlanThe executing agency for energy efficiency programme is the Gulbarga Municipal Corporationthrough KUWSDB which are handling bulk water supply schemes to the city. For environmentalconcerns Municipal Corporation would be supported by Environmental Unit of KUIDFC. Duringthe operational phase, the Corporation (or any O&M agency if work is outsourced), with theassistance of KUWSDB will be responsible for monitoring the environmental parameters ofpumping stations.Table C-5: Environmental Monitoring Plan and ResponsibilitiesMitigation Parameters toMeasurements Frequency ResponsibilityMeasures be MonitoredOccupationalHealth andSafetyPlanImplementation ofOccupational health andsafety provisions inO&M ContractObservation of workpractices and checkingthe conformity withOHS provisionsYearly check onimplementationof OHSmeasures andannual trainingMunicipalCorporation/O& M agencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofNoise andvibrationsMitigationNoise Monitoring Atpumping stationMinimum two locationsat each pumping Stationand should include1.within the pump-houseat workers sitting area2. within 50m downwardwind direction3.Location of residentialareas (Booster pumpingstation)Noise monitoring atpumping stationEquivalent noise levelsusing noise level meterReadings @ 15 secondsinterval for 15 minutesper hourTo be verified forNational NoisestandardsOnce every sixmonthsKUIDFCMunicipalCorporations /O & M agencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFC44 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTProvision oflandscapebuffer zonearoundpumpingstation siteType and location ofvegetation planting andmaintenance of plants.Visual inspectionof site preparationactivities duringvegetation planting andcheck on maintenanceregarding survival ofplantsOne-offinspectionof plantingduringimplementationand checkduring annualenvironmentalreviewMunicipalCorporationC-7 Findings and RecommendationsImpact of all the technical recommendations suggested for energy efficiency at pumping stationsis minor and partial mitigation possibilities are available. Most of the recommendations are in thephase of implementation. Particular environmental issues identified are those which are typical forthe pumping equipments and mitigations needs to be taken up as suggested in EMP andmonitoring plan.45 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSECTION D. BELLARYD-1 IntroductionGeographically, Bellary is located at 14 0 30’ to 15 0 50’ North latitude and 75 0 41’ to 75 0 11’ Eastlongitude at an altitude of 453 m above the mean sea level (MSL). The city of Bellary has aglorious history since the third century B.C., when it was part of the Ashoka Empire. The city wasruled by several well-known dynasties at different periods and it was territory of Vijayanagarrulers. At present, Bellary is an important trade, industrial and educational centre in the state ofKarnataka.Bellary Municipal Council is one of the six urban local bodies (ULBs) selected to undertakeenergy efficiency projects that will generate carbon financing from the World Bank under theirCommunity Development Carbon Fund. As part of the Bank’s requirements to identify criticalenvironment and social safeguard risks and prepare safeguard management plan before theproposed carbon finance operation can be approved, an environmental audit needs to beconducted and an environmental management plan to be prepared focusing on environmentalissues associated with water treatment, use and discharge; environmental issues associated withwaste disposal; and occupational health and safety hazards associated with the camp site andconstruction management activities.D-2 Overview of Current Bulk Water Supply SystemWater Supply to Bellary is through three schemes namely Hagari, Allipur and Moka. Allipurscheme was commissioned in 1912 with Tungabhadra High level canal source. The high levelcanal source operates for six month and for remaining six months during canal closureimpounded water in reservoir near head works is utilised. Three pumping stations are utilised forthis scheme, one used to pump water from raw water sump to Water treatment plant, the otherone is used to pump pure water to Mother tank for distribution to various reservoirs in the city.The third pumping station is used to pump raw water to impounded reservoir to be used duringlean season and is ideal for six month duration. Moka scheme located 13 km from the city. Thepumping consists of three stages - raw water Low Lift Pumping Station near the Low LevelTungabhadra canal, clear water High Lift pumping station and clear water Booster Station atGandhinagar. The landuse at all pumping stations except Gandhinagar (where it is residential) ispredominantly agricultural. Bulk water supply system is currently being operated and maintainedby KUWSDB while the City Corporation is looking after the O&M of distribution systemTable D-1: Existing Water Supply Sources.Source Design Capacity Present SupplymldmldAllipur 34.02 28.31Moka 8.32 8.08Hageri 1.50 -Total 43.84 36.39Source: CC Bellary and KUWSDB46 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTD-3 Proposed Energy Efficiency Recommendations at Pumping StationsThe energy Audit conducted in January-February 2003 covered all water pumping stations inBellary. Several energy efficiency measures were recommended based on evaluation andenergy saving potential and economic viability The ultimate objective of the component is tooptimize the improve the bulk water pumping efficiency by improving pumping component andefficient management The component attributes are:Table D-2 Proposed energy efficiency RecommendationBellary - Allipur SchemeMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps Two pump sets of 500 HP(100% stand-by) inreplacement of 2*270 HP-As per the proposal ofIESS, additional 500 HP will be added so that thedemand gets adjusted to Allipur head worksECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps Rectification of impellers for 200 HP pump sets. toimprove the operating efficiencyongoing/september2008ongoing/september2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor water-n/aECM 5Water pumping station operationsoptimizationInstallation of capacitors to improve PF and avoidpenalty- Switching “OFF” the raw water pumphouse transformer for 6 months will not beimplemented to avoid absorption of moisture andreissuing of connection annually.ongoing/september2008ECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresn/an/aBellary -Moka SchemeMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps At high lift pump house, replacement of the existing ongoing/septemberpump sets 610 HP with energy efficient pumps 300 2008Hp (100% Stand-by)- At low lift pump house, 2 *120HP pump sets installed for surrounding the demand-Replacing the Booster pumps at Gandhinagar foroptimum sizing (150 HP).ECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps Rectification of pump#2 to improve the operatingefficiencyongoing/september2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor watern/aECM 5Water pumping station operationsoptimizationCapacitors to improve PF at low lift pump houseswitched on- At high lift pump house, new 90 KVArcapacitors are installed for PF correction.ongoing/september2008ECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresn/an/aSource: PDD, World Bank47 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTD-4 Environmental SettingPhysiography and SoilBellary has a mix of plain and hilly terrain. The city is characterized by elevated in area at thecenter and slopes in all directions. However, city slopes towards south and northern side fromcentral hilly portion of the city. The Tungabhadra Canal flows through the city. Iron ore andmanganese mines are situated in the eastern side of Bellary. The soil of Bellary is characterisedby Black soils of Bellary tract deep soils with clay content varying from 45 to 55 percent and arepoor in organic matter. These soils swell upon wetting and shrink with drainage (40-50 percent).The infiltration capacity of the soil is very low. The City is surrounded by areas with red soil on itssouthwest and northwest and black cotton soil towards northeast and southwest parts of the city.Climatic ConditionsBellary is located in the arid region of the state in a mining belt. The climate is generally dry withtemperatures in summer reaching a maximum of 43°C a nd a minimum of 20°C in winter. The cityexperiences southwest monsoon during the period of June to September and in post-monsoonduring September to November. Humidity ranges from maximum of 77 percent during the monthof January to minimum of 29 percent during the month of April. The wind speed is moderate andthe predominant wind direction is northwest and southeast.Water ResourcesThe city is bounded by two canals Tungabhadra High Level Canal and Low Level Canal, parts ofwhich pass with the municipal boundary of the city. Bigunahal Vanka Nala flows in the southeastside of the city and running from southwest to northeast, ultimately joins Hagari River. The riverflows in the east at a distance about 20 km from the city.Ambient Air QualityThe ambient air quality status of Bellary shows that total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) inthe ambient air is high and exceeds the prescribed limits near the station at KSPCB office.However, the SOx and NOx values are well with in the limits. The followingTable Table D-3 shows the ambient air quality values of Bellary.Table D-3: Ambient Air Quality of BellaryParamet Vaddu VillageKSCPB Office Ambient air qualityer Average value of airpollutantAverage value of airpollutantstandard(Residential Areas)µg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3TSPM 130.34 250.39 140RSPM -- -- 60Sox 18.60 1.93 60NOx 1.13 0.83 60Source: KSPCB Annual Report 2002 – 0348 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTD-5 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation MeasuresThe audit for environmental impacts is broken down into four categories, coinciding with theimplementation phases of the project:Location ImpactsThe location of recommendations for energy efficiency is at existing pumping stations. Thepumping stations for Allipur well as Moka scheme are located within agricultural and barren land.Except for Gandhinagar Booster Pumping Station there are no settlements in close proximity ofthe Pumping stations. The ambient environmental conditions were observed to be free from anykind of pollution. Since the existing environment is a built environment, no land acquisition isexpected and recommendations would be carried on the same locations, no location impacts areconsidered likely.Impacts due energy efficiency recommendationsAs the recommendations are more of upgrading existing systems with technologically superiormechanical and electrical components, no impact is anticipated. Moreover most of therecommendations like surrendering of excess contract demand, increasing pf values are policyand efficiency level decisions and are unlikely to have any environmental impact.Implementation/ Construction ImpactsMost of the recommendations proposed at Moka and Alipur scheme pumping stations arecurrently being implemented by KUWSDB under Improved Water Supply Scheme (IWSS) andAugmented Water Supply Scheme (AWSS) and no impacts are likely. The recommendation forenergy efficiency do not envisage any further construction works and unlikely to have any impact.Operation and Maintenance ImpactsDuring operation phase there are likely to be non-significant and reversible impacts in the projectarea which are likely to affect the workers. These include high noise and vibrations level, wastedisposal of maintenance related materials and safety for workers from likely accidents.1. Impact due to noise and vibrations level: The pumping stations are expected to be operated allthrough the day. Since there are no sensitive locations or settlements at the locations of the allpumping stations, very minimal impact is envisaged. However the noise and vibrations might leadto nuisances to workers. The pumping equipments have high noise levels in the range of 80 - 95dB (A) depending on the type of machinery used, which can affect the personnel operating themachines. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 80 to 90dB (A) in an 8-hour shift, for which all precautions should be taken into consideration.Mitigation MeasuresMitigation measures are suggested for workers and pumping machineries. Since the pumpingmachinery has been already installed and in operations no specific engineering noise controlmeasures would be applicable. Implementation measures are suggested for protection of workersfrom high and continuous noise. Full mitigation for noise impact is not expected.Mitigation for workers would include• The operator and worker areas for sitting or resting shall be located away from pumpingmachinery locations• Workers shall be provided with noise protection measures like Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs (over-the-head)49 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORT• To prevent long term health implications Regular annual health checkups for the workersshall to be taken up.• Noise monitoring shall be taken up at the pumping station locations.Noise Mitigation techniques for pumping machinery would include:• Regular maintenance of pumping machinery shall be taken up as per specifications of themanufacturer.• Vegetation planting around periphery boundary of pumping stations shall be taken up.2. Generation of waste and disposal: Periodic maintenance of the pumping equipments, electricalpanels and pump house structure might lead to generation and storage of waste like oil, scrap,electrical equipments and grease. Although the quantity of the waste generation is not substantial,due care needs to be taken for disposal.Mitigation Measures• Different types of waste shall be segregated and stored in different containers to enhancereuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal• Record of type, amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed (including thedisposal sites) shall be maintained in separate register• The disposal shall not be done at sensitive locations, natural water bodies or nearsettlements. Waste like oil, grease/lubricant, metal scrap and building debris should bedisposed off to designated dealers or designated locations with prior approval from therespective Municipal engineers.3. Operational Health and Safety of workers: Specific impacts in this phase include hazards tohealth and safety of workmen working in the pumping station. The following occupational healthissues may be encountered during pumping activities:• Physical hazards in pumping operations may be related to handling of large, heavymaterials and machine parts; accidents related to heavy mechanical movement; injuriesdue to machinery accidents; and injuries due to falls from elevation (e.g. high platforms,ladders, and stairs).• Electrical and fire hazards related to shocks, fires due to faults in electrical panelsMitigation Measures• Occupational health and safety provisions and implementation shall be included in O&MContract of pumping stations.• Occupational Health and Safety Plan for workforce shall be implemented for protectionagainst physical, electrical and fire hazards with due provision of appropriate protectiveequipments and gears to workers on the site.• Training for workers on handling potential site emergencies, dangers, including potentialhealth effects shall be given.Table D-4: Summary of ImpactsImpactsMitigation MeasuresLocationNone potentiallysignificantTechnical recommendationNone potentiallysignificantResponsibilityPreliminary CostingN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/a50 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTImplementations/ ConstructionNone potentiallysignificantOperation and MaintenanceNoise and vibrationsleading to nuisances toworkers andneighboursGeneration of wasteand disposalHazards tohealth/safety ofworkmenProviding noise Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs toworkersN/a N/a N/aTwo rows of Tree planting/vegetation onthe periphery of the pumping stationsNoise measurements should be conductedRegular Health checkups for workersDifferent types of waste should besegregated and stored in differentcontainers to enhance reuse or recyclingof materials and their proper disposalRecords of wastes for type, amount ofwastes generated, recycled and disposedStorage and disposal of waste at predesignatedand approved location orwaste recycle dealers.Inclusion of Occupational Safety Plan inO&M guidelinesOccupational Safety Plan for workforcewhich will include:1. Protection against physical, electricaland fire hazards2. Adequate personal safety precautionmeasures like wearing of gloves, helmets,earplugs, safety shoes etc.,3.Training for workers on handlingpotential site emergencies, dangers,including potential health effectsMunicipalCorporation /KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyMunicipalCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyINR 2500/- for each PPE(earmuff)Minimum 4 (considering 4personnel in each shift ) foreach pumping stationINR 150/- per Sqm of vegetation(Appox. 100 Sqm or landavailable along the boundarywall at each pumping station)Annual maintenance INR10,000/- at each pumping stationNoise Monitoring At pumpingstation (INR 2500/-each location)Minimum two locations at eachpumping StationHealth check-up cost peroperator level employee INR1000/-per annum.(Considering10 employees per pumpingstation)No cost ImplicationsNo cost ImplicationsFire fighting equipments like fieextinguishers @ INR 3000/Unit(minimum 4 for each pumpingstation)Each set of personal safetyprecaution equipments INR2500/-(Minimum 4sets –considering 4 personnel in eachshift for each pumping station)First aid equipments andaccessories INR 2500/-OHS Training cost of INR10,000/- per session of 10workers annuallyThe cost of implementing above mitigation measures as capital costs for equipments works out toINR 2.50 lakhs (INR 0.50 lakhs for each pumping station).The training and maintenance isestimated at INR 1.78 lakhs per annum (INR 0.38 lakhs for Booster Pumping Station atGandhinagar and 0.35 lakhs for other pumping station per annum).D-6 Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring PlanThe executing agency for energy efficiency programme is the Bellary Municipal Corporationthrough KUWSDB which is handling bulk water supply schemes. For environmental concerns51 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTMunicipal Council would be supported by Environmental Unit of KUIDFC. During the operationalphase, the Corporation (or any O&M agency if work is outsourced), with the assistance ofKUWSDB and KUIDFC will be responsible for monitoring the environmental parameters ofpumping stations.TableD-5: Environmental Monitoring Plan and ResponsibilitiesMitigation Parameters toMeasurements Frequency ResponsibilityMeasures be MonitoredOccupationalHealth andSafetyPlanImplementation ofOccupational health andsafety provisions inO&MContractObservation of workpractices and checkingthe conformity withOHS provisionsYearly check onimplementationof OHSmeasures andannual trainingMunicipalCorporation/O& M agencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofNoise andvibrationsMitigationNoise Monitoring atpumping stationMinimum two locationsat each pumping Stationand should include1.within the pump-houseat workers sitting area2. within 50m downwardwind direction3.Location of residentialareas (Booster pumpingstation, Gandhinagar)Noise monitoring atpumping stationEquivalent noise levelsusing noise level meterReadings @ 15 secondsinterval for 15 minutesper hourTo be verified forNational NoisestandardsOnce every sixmonthsKUIDFCMunicipalCorporation /O& M agencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFCProvision oflandscapebuffer zonearoundpumpingstation siteType and location ofvegetation planting andmaintenance of plants.Visual inspectionof site preparationactivities duringvegetation planting andcheck on maintenanceregarding survival ofplantsOne-offinspectionof plantingduringimplementationand checkduring annualenvironmentalreviewMunicipalCorporationD-7 Findings and RecommendationsImpacts of all the technical recommendations suggested for energy efficiency at all the pumpingstations are minor and mitigation possibilities are available. Particular environmental issuesidentified are those which are typical for the pumping equipments and mitigations needs to betaken up as suggested in EMP and monitoring plan.52 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSECTION E. MANGALOREE-1 IntroductionMangalore is one of the largest urban coastal centers and fourth largest city of the Karnataka andis sited between the confluence of Nethravathi and Gurupura rivers on Western coast of India. Itis the headquarters of Dakshina Kannda District and an administrative, commercial, educationaland industrial center. An all weather port is located in Mangalore and is the only major port ofKarnataka. It is bound in the east by the Western Ghats and in the west by the Arabian SeaMangalore is one of the six urban local bodies (ULBs) selected to undertake energy efficiencyprojects that will generate carbon financing from the World Bank under their CommunityDevelopment Carbon Fund. As part of the Bank’s requirements to identify critical environmentand social safeguard risks and prepare safeguard management plan before the proposed carbonfinance operation can be approved, an environmental audit was conducted and an environmentalmanagement plan prepared focusing on environmental issues associated with water treatment,use and discharge; environmental issues associated with waste disposal; and occupational healthand safety hazards associated with the camp site and construction management activities.E-2 Overview of Current Bulk Water Supply SystemThe River Netravati, flowing in the south of Mangalore is main water supply source for the cityand surroundings. A typical vented dam was constructed in 1993 across the river at Thumbe,about 21 km from the city for the purpose of water supply. About 91 MLD of water is suppliedfrom the dam to the various places in and around Mangalore city. Water supply involves series ofpumping stations namely Low Lift Pumping station from Netravati River Jack well location toclarification point, High Lift Pumping station from clarification complex to Break Pressure Tank(BPT) at hill top. From hill top BPT water flows by gravity to Water Treatment Complex atBendoor and Panambur. From these locations water is pumped to overhead tanks of designatedarea for distribution.Table E-1: Existing Water Supply Sources.Source Design Capacity Present SupplymldmldNetrvati Old scheme 91 91Bore wells 1 1-Total 92 92Source: CC MangaloreImprovement of city water supply is one of the components taken up under the project titled“Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project (KUDCEMP)”, the GoKhas taken up development of 10 coastal towns with the financial assistance from the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB). A new vented dam on the upstream side of existing dam and newpumping station has been constructed under the above project.53 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTE-3 Proposed Energy Efficiency Recommendations at Pumping StationsThe energy Audit conducted in April 2003 covered all water pumping stations in Mangalore.Several energy efficiency measures were recommended based on evaluation and energy savingpotential and economic viability The ultimate objective of the component is to optimize theimprove the bulk water pumping efficiency by improving pumping component and efficientmanagement The component are:Table E-2 Proposed energy efficiency RecommendationMangalore- Thumbe- Low lift PSMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps n/a n/aECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps n/a n/aECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor water-n/aECM 5ECM 6Mangalore- Ramalakatte High lift PSWater pumping station operationsoptimizationOptimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresInstallation of capacitors to improve P.F and reducekVA demand/penalty- Merge the 2 HT connectionsat low-lift pumping stationElectro-Magnetic flow meter, daily readings anddata recording (August 2007)ongoing/september2008ongoing/september2008Measures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps n/a n/aECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps n/a n/aECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor watern/aECM 5ECM 6Water pumping station operationsoptimizationOptimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresInstallation of capacitors to improve P.F and reducekVA demand/penalty- install a new 1000 KVAtransformer in replacement of 1 transformer of750kVA rating to avoid parallel operation of thetransformersn/aongoing/september2008n/a54 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTMangalore- Bendoor PSMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps Suitable sizing of pumps for 9 Lakh Litres Overheadtanks- Suitable sizing of 90 HP pumps for 15 & 10Lakh LitresECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps n/a n/aongoing/september2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor watern/aECM 5Water pumping station operationsoptimizationInstallation of capacitors to improve P.F and reducekVA demand/penaltyongoing/september2008ECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresn/an/aSource: PDD, World BankE-4 Environmental SettingPhysiography and SoilThe topography of Mangalore is characterised by plains near river mouth along the coast torolling and hilly terrain at the upper reaches of river. Due to heavy rainfall and steep slopeserosion of the top soil is prevalent. The underlying geological formation is of archaic origin andconsists of metamorphic schist and crystalline gneiss with granite and quartzes outcrops, whichreadily decomposes into reddish felspharic clayish soil, which is deep and supports valuableevergreen and semi-evergreen forest. The soils are mostly lateritic, well drained with moderateerosion and shows high iron and aluminum content. The pH value indicates mild acidic characterof the soil. The electrical conductivity is 1.1 mmhos/cm at 25°C. The soil also has high organicmatter with high nitrogen and low phosphorus.Climatic ConditionThe climate of the Mangalore is marked by high humidity and an oppressive weather in hotseason. Owing to its coastal location and being situated close to the Westerns Ghats, receiveshigh amount of rainfall, the average annual rainfall being 3756 mm. The seasonal temperaturevariations are quite small with maximum temperature around 33.7°C and minimum around26.1°C. Morning monthly mean relative humidity rang es from 72 percent to as high as 95 percent.For most part of the year, i.e. from October to March, easterly winds are predominant with highwind speeds during the month of December in the range of 6 kmph to 11 kmph.Water ResourcesThe project region is drained by River Netravati, River Gurupur and its tributaries. It carries greatvolume of water during monsoon. Small islands called ‘kudrus’ rising a few feet above the surfaceof the river are seen in the river. Backwater formed by sand spits is thrown up by meeting of theriver and the littoral currents and runs several kilometers along the coast. The groundwaterexaction due to the proximity with the coast is considered as sensitive. The State of EnvironmentReport-2003 of Karnataka indicates about the salinity levels in the Netravati river basin. However,55 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTthe groundwater development is stated to be normal.Ambient Air QualityThere secondary information available on ambient air quality for two locations at Bajpe Airportand Baikampadi Industrial Area. The information of monitoring at Bajpe Airport located about 21Km from Mangalore available for 2001- 2002 and Baikampadi Industrial area in 2005-2006indicate that the SPM values are within the prescribed limit and Oxides of sulphur (SO2 )Oxidesof Nitrates (NOx) were found to be much below described limit.Table E-3: Ambient Air Quality of MangaloreParameter Baikampadi Industrial AreaAverage value of air pollutantAmbient air quality standard(Indusrial Areas)µg/m 3 µg/m 3TSPM 319 360RSPM 83 120Sox 9.98 80NOx 9.11 80Source: KSPCB Annual Report 2005– 06Ecological EnvironmentThe district of Dakshina Kannada is blessed with rich and diverse forests. Most of the forests inthe Mangalore division lie on the western slopes of the Western Ghats and their foothills to awidth of about 25 km in a continuous belt. The ghat and foothills portions of reserved forests aresituated about 70 km away from the coast and are generally well wooded. Principal forest typesof the area are evergreen forest, semi evergreen forest, moist deciduous forest and other forests.The important species are Terminalia paniculata, Bambax ceiba, Mangifera indica, Dalbergialatifolia, Dillinia pentagyna, schkeichera oleosa, Alstonia scholarics, Xylia xylocarpa,Lagerstroemia lanceolata, Olea dioica, careya arborea, Emblica officinalis, Strychnos nux vomicaetc.Socio-economic EnvironmentMangalore had a population of 398,745 as per 2001 census. According to World Gazetteer;Mangalore's estimated population in 2008 was 431,976 with estimated urban population of603,269. Mangalore has an average literacy rate of 83%, which is much higher than the nationalaverage of 59.5%. Mangalore's economy is dominated by the agricultural processing and portrelatedactivities. Mangalore is India's 9th largest cargo handling port handling 75% of India’scoffee exports and the bulk of its cashew nuts.E-5 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation MeasuresThe audit for environmental impacts is broken down into four categories, coinciding with theimplementation phases of the project:Location ImpactsThe location of recommendations for energy efficiency is at existing pumping stations. Thepumping station at intake point is near the Netravati River and predominant landuse is barren, atbreak pressure tank is predominantly barren and at WTP is residential. The ambient56 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTenvironmental conditions were observed to be free from any kind of pollution. Since the existingenvironment is a built environment, no land acquisition is expected and recommendations wouldbe carried on the same locations, no location impacts are considered likely.Impacts due energy efficiency recommendationsAs the recommendations are more of upgrading existing systems with technologically superiormechanical and electrical components, no impact is anticipated. Moreover most of therecommendations like surrendering of excess contract demand, increasing pf values are policyand efficiency level decisions and are unlikely to have any environmental impact.Implementation/ Construction ImpactsMost of the recommendations proposed at Netravati scheme pumping stations are currently beingimplemented by Mangalore Municipal Corporation. The recommendation for energy efficiency donot envisage any further construction works and unlikely to have any impact.Operation and Maintenance ImpactsDuring operation phase there are likely to be non-significant and reversible impacts in the projectarea which are likely to affect the workers. These include high noise and vibrations level, wastedisposal of maintenance related materials and safety for workers from likely accidents.1. Impact due to noise and vibrations level: The pumping stations are expected to be operated allthrough the day. Since there are no sensitive locations or settlements at the locations of the allpumping stations, very minimal impact is envisaged. However the noise and vibrations might leadto nuisances to workers. The pumping equipments have high noise levels in the range of 80 - 95dB (A) depending on the type of machinery used, which can affect the personnel operating themachines. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 80 to 90dB (A) in an 8-hour shift, for which all precautions should be taken into consideration.Mitigation MeasuresMitigation measures are suggested for workers and pumping machineries. Since the pumpingmachinery has been already installed and in operations no specific engineering noise controlmeasures would be applicable. Implementation measures are suggested for protection of workersfrom high and continuous noise. Full mitigation for noise impact is not expected.Mitigation for workers would include• The operator and worker areas for sitting or resting shall be located away from pumpingmachinery locations• Workers shall be provided with noise protection measures like Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs (over-the-head) or disposable earplugs• To prevent long term health implications Regular annual health checkups for the workersshould to be taken up.• Noise monitoring should be taken up at the pumping station locations.Noise Mitigation techniques for pumping machinery would include:• Regular maintenance of pumping machinery shall be taken up as per specifications of themanufacturer.• Vegetation planting around periphery boundary of pumping stations shall be taken up.2. Generation of waste and disposal: Periodic maintenance of the pumping equipments, electricalpanels and pump house structure might lead to generation and storage of waste like oil, scrap,57 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTelectrical equipments and grease. Although the quantity of the waste generation is not substantial,due care needs to be taken for disposal.Mitigation Measures• Different types of waste shall be segregated and stored in different containers to enhancereuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal• Record of type, amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed (including thedisposal sites) shall be maintained in separate register• The disposal shall not be done at sensitive locations, natural water bodies or nearsettlements. Waste like oil, grease/lubricant, metal scrap and building debris should bedisposed off to designated dealers or designated locations with prior approval from therespective Municipal engineers.3. Operational Health and Safety of workers: Specific impacts in this phase include hazards tohealth and safety of workmen working in the pumping station. The following occupational healthissues may be encountered during pumping activities:• Physical hazards in pumping operations may be related to handling of large, heavymaterials and machine parts; accidents related to heavy mechanical movement; injuriesdue to machinery accidents; and injuries due to falls from elevation (e.g. high platforms,ladders, and stairs).• Electrical and fire hazards related to shocks, fires due to faults in electrical panelsMitigation Measures• Occupational health and safety provisions and implementation shall be included in O&MContract of pumping stations.• Occupational Health and Safety Plan for workforce shall be implemented for protectionagainst physical, electrical and fire hazards with due provision of appropriate protectiveequipments and gears to workers on the site.• Training for workers on handling potential site emergencies, dangers, including potentialhealth effects shall be given.Table E-4: Summary of ImpactsImpactsMitigation MeasuresLocationNone potentiallysignificantTechnical recommendationNone potentiallysignificantImplementations/ ConstructionNone potentiallysignificantOperation and MaintenanceNoise and vibrationsleading to nuisances toworkers andneighboursProviding noise Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs toworkersResponsibilityPreliminary CostingN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aTwo rows of Tree planting/vegetation onthe periphery of the pumping stationsRespectiveMunicipalCorporation /KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyINR 2500/- for each PPE(earmuff)Minimum 4 (considering 4personnel in each shift ) foreach pumping stationINR 150/- per Sqm of vegetation(Appox. 100 Sqm or landavailable along the boundarywall at each pumping station)Annual maintenance INR10,000/- at each pumping station58 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTGeneration of wasteand disposalNoise measurements should be conductedRegular Health checkups for workersDifferent types of waste should besegregated and stored in differentcontainers to enhance reuse or recyclingof materials and their proper disposalRecords of wastes for type, amount ofwastes generated, recycled and disposedRespectiveCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyNoise Monitoring At pumpingstation (INR 2500/-each location)Minimum two locations at eachpumping StationHealth check-up cost peroperator level employee INR1000/-per annum.(Considering10 employees per pumpingstation)No cost ImplicationsHazards tohealth/safety ofworkmenStorage and disposal of waste at predesignatedand approved location orwaste recycle dealers.Inclusion of Occupational Safety Plan inO&M guidelinesOccupational Safety Plan for workforcewhich will include:1. Protection against physical, electricaland fire hazards2. Adequate personal safety precautionmeasures like wearing of gloves, helmets,earplugs, safety shoes etc.,3.Training for workers on handlingpotential site emergencies, dangers,including potential health effectsCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyNo cost ImplicationsFire fighting equipments like fieextinguishers @ INR 3000/Unit(minimum 4 for each pumpingstation)Each set of personal safetyprecaution equipments INR2500/-(Minimum 4sets –considering 4 personnel in eachshift for each pumping station)First aid equipments andaccessories INR 2500/-OHS Training cost of INR10,000/- per session of 10workers annuallyThe cost of implementing above mitigation measures as capital costs for equipments works out toINR 1.50 lakhs (INR 0.50 lakhs for each pumping station).The training and maintenance isestimated at INR 1.05 lakhs per annum (INR 0.35 lakhs for each pumping station per annum).A-6 Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring PlanThe executing agency for energy efficiency programme is the Mangalore Municipal Corporation.For environmental concerns Municipal Corporation would be supported by Environmental Unit ofKUIDFC. During the operational phase, the Corporation (or any O&M agency if work isoutsourced), with the assistance of KUWSDB and KUIDFC will be responsible for monitoring theenvironmental parameters of pumping stations.Table E-5 : Environmental Monitoring Plan and ResponsibilitiesMitigationMeasuresParameters tobe MonitoredMeasurements Frequency Responsibility59 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTOccupationalHealth andSafetyPlanNoise andvibrationsMitigationImplementation ofOccupational health andsafety provisions inO&M ContractNoise Monitoring Atpumping stationMinimum two locationsat each pumping Stationand should include1.within the pump-houseat workers sitting area2. within 50m downwardwind direction3.Location of residentialareas (Booster pumpingstation)Observation of workpractices and checkingthe conformity withOHS provisionsNoise monitoring atpumping stationEquivalent noise levelsusing noise level meterReadings @ 15 secondsinterval for 15 minutesper hourTo be verified forNational NoisestandardsYearly check onimplementationof OHSmeasures andannual trainingOnce every sixmonthsMunicipalCorporation /O& M agencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFCMunicipalCorporation/O& M AgencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFCProvision oflandscapebuffer zonearoundpumpingstation siteType and location ofvegetation planting andmaintenance of plants.Visual inspectionof site preparationactivities duringvegetation planting andcheck on maintenanceregarding survival ofplantsOne-offinspectionof plantingduringimplementationand checkduring annualenvironmentalreviewMunicipalCorporationE-7 Findings and RecommendationsImpacts of all the technical recommendations suggested for energy efficiency at all the pumpingstations are minor and mitigation possibilities are available. Particular environmental issuesidentified are those which are typical for the pumping equipments and mitigations needs to betaken up as suggested in EMP and monitoring plan.60 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSECTION F. MYSOREF-1 IntroductionMysore is located in the southern part of the Deccan Peninsula. Geographically, Mysore lies atlatitudes of 12 30’N and longitudes of 76 65’E. The city is spread across an area of 128.42km² and is situated at the base of the Chamundi Hills.Mysore Municipal Corporation is one of the six urban local bodies (ULBs) selected to undertakeenergy efficiency projects that will generate carbon financing from the World Bank under theirCommunity Development Carbon Fund. As part of the Bank’s requirements to identify criticalenvironment and social safeguard risks and prepare safeguard management plan before theproposed carbon finance operation can be approved, an environmental audit was conducted andan environmental management plan was prepared focusing on environmental issues associatedwith water treatment, use and discharge; environmental issues associated with waste disposal;and occupational health and safety hazards associated with the camp site and constructionmanagement activities as applicable.F-2 Overview of Current Bulk Water Supply SystemWater Supply to Mysore is from Cavery River through three schemes namely Hongalli (I - IIIStages), Belagola (Old and New scheme) and Melapura The city got its first piped water supplywhen the Belagola project was commissioned in 1896. For Belagola and Hongalli scheme wateris drawn from canals of Krishna Raj Sagar (KRS) dam namely Devaraya Canal and Right BankLow Level (RBLL) respectively and pumped to Vani Vilas Water Works located at Yadavgiri.Melapura scheme commissioned in 2006 draws water directly from the river bed nearSrirangapatana. Currently major portion of the total water processing is from Hongalli Scheme.The Melapura Scheme serves North Mysore and has not been covered under the study. Bulkwater supply system is currently being operated and maintained by Mysore City CorporationTable F-1: Existing Water Supply Sources.Source Design Capacity Present SupplymldmldBelagola 56 56Hongally (Stage I and Stage II) 86 86Melapura 50 50Total 192 192Source: CC Mysore and KUWSDBBelagola Pumping Station which is located 8 km downstream from KRS dam is the oldest of thefive. It began its operation in 1896 with a capacity of 10 MLD, augmented to 16 MLD and in 1998to 52 MLD. The water is drawn from Devaraya Canal near Balamuri and pumped through threepumps to Vani Vilas Water Works (VVWW) in Yadavagiri. The pump house structure is an oldone and pumping system has been replaced with a new one. The surrounding landuse isagricultural.Hongalli 2nd Stage and 3rd Stage are located side by side one km downstream from KRS dam.61 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTBoth draw water from the Right Bank Low Level (RBLL) canal and pump to the high levelreservoir in Yadavagiri. The predominant surrounding landuse here is agricultural and partlyresidential. Hongalli 3rd Stage pumps to the high level reservoir via a Booster Pumping Stationlocated next to Vijaya Wires and Filaments in Belagola Industrial Area.Melapura Pumping Station is the latest of the five pumping stations and began to work in 2002. Itis located less than a km downstream from Sangam near Srirangapatna which draws waterdirectly from the riverbed and pumps it to Rammanahalli, then the Devanur and German Pressreservoirs. The present capacity of Melapura is 50 MLD. This is a recent system and hence hasnot been considered for energy efficiency recommendations.F-3 Proposed Energy Efficiency Recommendations at Pumping StationsThe energy Audit conducted in January-February 2003 covered all water pumping stations inMysore. Several Short and Medium term energy efficiency measures were recommended basedon evaluation and energy saving potential and economic viability. The ultimate objective of thecomponent is to optimize and improve the bulk water pumping efficiency by enhancing pumpingcomponent and efficient management. The components are:Table F-2 Proposed Energy Efficiency RecommendationMysore- Belagola PSMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps Replacing the existing pump sets (280 HP) with one ongoing/septembersingle vertical turbine pump 400 HP2008ECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps Sizing of pumps' impellers as per user arearequirements for Belagola new schemeongoing/september2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor water-n/aECM 5Water pumping station operationsoptimizationIncreasing the frequency of cleaning suction sumpsfrom muck-ongoing/september2008ECM 6Optimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresn/an/aMysore- Hongalli PSMeasures Code Title of Measures Description Status/Date ofImplementationECM 1 Installation of new efficient pumps 2*250 HP new efficient pump sets for pumpingadditional 8.00 MGD to treatment plant at Hongalliduring emergency.ECM 2 Optimization of the existing pumps Sizing of pumps' impellers as per user arearequirements .ongoing/september2008ongoing/september2008ECM 3Improving the main water flow distributionsystemn/an/aECM 4Reduction in leaks and other unaccounted n/afor watern/aECM 5ECM 6Source: PDD, World BankWater pumping station operationsoptimizationOptimization of existing infrastructurethrough better metering and monitoringmeasuresSwitching off of one Transformer- Reactive ongoing/septembercompensation in the system including2008transformator, control panel, motors and capacitorsof 4.4 KV replaced by new 3.3 KV.n/an/a62 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTF-4 Environmental SettingPhysiography and SoilMysore is situated on the foot of famous Chamundi Hills and falls under Cauvery River basin. Theaverage altitude is about 770 m. The predominant soil is red loam, a derivative of granites andgeniuses and varies from pure sandy soil to typical black cotton soil. The soil is generally alkalinein nature. The soil is rich in organic content but shows poor and variable quantities of phosphorusand potassium.Climatic ConditionsClimate is moderate through out the year. The summer season from March to June is followed bysoutheast monsoon season lasting up to September. October and November may be treated aspart of monsoon season. The period between December and February is generally dry. Themaximum temperature ranges between 35°C to 40°C dur ing the month of April and lowestbetween 10°C to 15°C in the month of December. Humi dity is in the range of 70 to 80 percent.Average annual rainfall is 800mm. Comparatively heavy rains occur in the months of May to July.Water ResourcesThe River Cauvery is the lifeline of the Mysore district and has its source high up amidst theWestern Ghats at Talacauvery. The river Cauvery also known as 'Dakshina Ganga' forms anatural boundary between Mysore and Kodagu districts. The Kabini, Hemavati,Laskhamanatirtha, Palar and Moyarare are tributaries of the Cauvery. Mysore has several lakes,prominent among are the Kukkarahalli, Karanji and Lingambudhi lakes.Ambient Air QualityThe ambient air quality data is available at two monitoring stations; both are located incommercial areas. The ambient air quality at the KSRTC bus stand building shows that therespirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) values and the total suspended particulatematter (TSPM) are within the limits. Monitoring results at Mysore KSCPB office shows that thetotal suspended particulate matter (TSPM) in the ambient air is much higher than the specifiedlimit. But in general, the air quality of the town can be termed as goodTable F-3: Ambient Air Quality of MysoreParamet KSRTC Bus stand KSCPB Office Ambient air qualityer Average value of airpollutantAverage value of airpollutantstandard(Residential Areas)µg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3TSPM 92 77 140RSPM 52 41 60Sox 22 21 60NOx 34 34 60Source: KSPCB Annual Report 2005 – 0663 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSocio-Economic EnvironmentAccording to the census of 2001, Mysore city had a total population of 799,228 with 406,363males and 392,865 females, making it the second largest city in Karnataka. The city's populationhas seen a population growth of 20.5% in the decade 1991–2001. The sex ratio of the city is 967females to every 1000 males and the population density is 6223.55 persons per km². The literacyrate of the city is 82.8%, which is much higher than the state's average of 67.Traditionally, Mysore has been home to industries such as weaving, sandalwood carving,bronzework and the production of lime and salt. Mysore has emerged as the hub of the tourismindustry in Karnataka, attracting about 2.5 million tourists in 2006. Since 2003, The Governmentof Karnataka is promoting Mysore as an alternative destination for the Information Technology(IT) industry and developing it as a counter magnet city to Bangalore. This is apparent from thefact that the software exports from the city grew at 26.8% to reach Rs.392 Crores, in the year2005-06.F-5 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation MeasuresThe audit for environmental impacts is broken down into four categories, coinciding with theimplementation phases of the project:Location ImpactsMost of the pumping stations area located in rural areas surrounding areas mostly being eitheragricultural or barren. In all the pumping station no settlements or any sensitive areas wereobserved within 100m of the pumping stations. Since the location of recommendations for energyefficiency is at existing pumping stations and since the existing environment is a builtenvironment, no location impacts are considered likely.Impacts due to energy efficiency recommendationsAs the recommendations are more of upgrading existing systems with technologically superiormechanical and electrical components no impact is anticipated. Also most of the technicalrecommendations do not anticipate major changes in the existing setup of the pumping stationsexcept replacement of components or improvement in efficiency of the components.Implementation/ Construction ImpactsIn Mangalore the recommendations for energy efficiency are currently being implemented by theMunicipal Corporation and EA was not deemed necessary for the same. No major constructionactivities have been anticipated in the energy efficiency recommendation and hence no impactsare likely.Operation and Maintenance ImpactsDuring operation phase there are likely to be non-significant and reversible impacts in the projectarea which are likely to affect the workers. These include high noise and vibrations level, wastedisposal of maintenance related materials and safety for workers from likely accidents.1. Impact due to noise and vibrations level: The pumping stations are expected to be operated allthrough the day. Since there are no sensitive locations or settlements at the locations of the allpumping stations, very minimal impact is envisaged. However the noise and vibrations might leadto nuisances to workers. The pumping equipments have high noise levels in the range of 80 - 95dB (A) depending on the type of machinery used, which can affect the personnel operating the64 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTmachines. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 80 to 90dB (A) in an 8-hour shift, for which all precautions should be taken into consideration.Mitigation MeasuresMitigation measures are suggested for workers and pumping machineries. Since the pumpingmachinery has been already installed and in operations no specific engineering noise controlmeasures would be applicable. Implementation measures are suggested for protection of workersfrom high and continuous noise. Full mitigation for noise impact is not expected.Mitigation for workers would include• The operator and worker areas for sitting or resting shall be located away from pumpingmachinery locations.• Workers shall be provided with noise protection measures like Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs (over-the-head) or disposable earplugs• To prevent long term health implications Regular annual health checkups for the workersshall to be taken up.• Noise monitoring shall be taken up at the pumping station locations.Noise Mitigation techniques for pumping machinery would include:• Regular maintenance of pumping machinery shall be taken up as per specifications of themanufacturer.• Vegetation planting around periphery boundary of pumping stations shallbe taken up.2. Generation of waste and disposal: Periodic maintenance of the pumping equipments, electricalpanels and pump house structure might lead to generation and storage of waste like oil, scrap,electrical equipments and grease. Although the quantity of the waste generation is not substantial,due care needs to be taken for disposal.Mitigation Measures• Different types of waste should be segregated and stored in different containers toenhance reuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal• Record of type, amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed (including thedisposal sites) should be maintained in separate register• The disposal should not be done at sensitive locations, natural water bodies or nearsettlements. Waste like oil, grease/lubricant, metal scrap and building debris should bedisposed off to designated dealers or designated locations with prior approval from therespective Municipal engineers.3. Operational Health and Safety of workers: Specific impacts in this phase include hazards tohealth and safety of workmen working in the pumping station. The following occupational healthissues may be encountered during pumping activities:• Physical hazards in pumping operations may be related to handling of large, heavymaterials and machine parts; accidents related to heavy mechanical movement; injuriesdue to machinery accidents; and injuries due to falls from elevation (e.g. high platforms,ladders, and stairs).• Electrical and fire hazards related to shocks, fires due to faults in electrical panels65 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTMitigation Measures• Occupational health and safety provisions and implementation shall be included in O&MContract of pumping stations.• Occupational Health and Safety Plan for workforce shall be implemented for protectionagainst physical, electrical and fire hazards with due provision of appropriate protectiveequipments and gears to workers on the site.• Training for workers on handling potential site emergencies, dangers, including potentialhealth effects shall be given.Table F-4: Summary of Mitigation MeasuresImpactsMitigation MeasuresLocationNone potentiallysignificantTechnical recommendationNone potentiallysignificantImplementations/ ConstructionNone potentiallysignificantOperation and MaintenanceNoise and vibrationsleading to nuisances toworkers andneighboursGeneration of wasteand disposalHazards tohealth/safety ofProviding noise Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) such as earmuffs toworkersResponsibilityPreliminary CostingN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aN/a N/a N/aTwo rows of Tree planting/vegetation onthe periphery of the pumping stationsNoise measurements should be conductedRegular Health checkups for workersDifferent types of waste should besegregated and stored in differentcontainers to enhance reuse or recyclingof materials and their proper disposalRecords of wastes for type, amount ofwastes generated, recycled and disposedStorage and disposal of waste at predesignatedand approved location orwaste recycle dealers.Inclusion of Occupational Safety Plan inO&M guidelinesRespectiveMunicipalCorporation /KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyRespectiveCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MAgencyCorporation/KUWSDB/ O&MINR 2500/- for each PPE(earmuff)Minimum 4 (considering 4personnel in each shift ) foreach pumping stationINR 150/- per Sqm of vegetation(Appox. 100 Sqm or landavailable along the boundarywall at each pumping station)Annual maintenance INR10,000/- at each pumping stationNoise Monitoring At pumpingstation (INR 2500/-each location)Minimum two locations at eachpumping StationHealth check-up cost peroperator level employee INR1000/-per annum.(Considering10 employees per pumpingstation)No cost ImplicationsNo cost Implications66 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTOccupational Safety Plan for workforcewhich will include:1. Protection against physical, electricaland fire hazards2. Adequate personal safety precautionmeasures like wearing of gloves, helmets,earplugs, safety shoes etc.,3.Training for workers on handlingpotential site emergencies, dangers,including potential health effectsFire fighting equipments like fieextinguishers @ INR 3000/Unit(minimum 4 for each pumpingstation)Each set of personal safetyprecaution equipments INR2500/-(Minimum 4sets –considering 4 personnel in eachshift for each pumping station)First aid equipments andaccessories INR 2500/-OHS Training cost of INR10,000/- per session of 10workers annuallyThe cost of implementing above mitigation measures as capital costs for equipments works out toINR 2.50 lakhs (INR 0.50 lakhs for each pumping station).The training and maintenance isestimated at INR 1.81 lakhs per annum (INR 0.38 lakhs for Belagola New pumping station andBooster Pumping station and 0.35 lakhs for other pumping station per annum).F-6 Institutional Requirements and Environmental Monitoring PlanThe executing agency for energy efficiency programme is the Mysore Municipal Corporation. Forenvironmental concerns Municipal Corporation would be supported by Environmental Unit ofKUIDFC. During the operational phase, the Corporation (or any O&M agency if work isoutsourced), with the assistance of KUWSDB will be responsible for monitoring the environmentalparameters of pumping stations. The yearly monitoring of the below parameters should be carriedout at each pumping station and reported to the Environmental Unit of KUIDFC during the projectcycle.Table F-5: Summary of Environmental Monitoring PlanMitigation Parameters toMeasurements Frequency ResponsibilityMeasures be MonitoredOccupationalHealth andSafetyPlanImplementation ofOccupational health andsafety provisions inO&M ContractObservation of workpractices and checkingthe conformity withOHS provisionsYearly check onimplementationof OHSmeasures andannual trainingMunicipalCorporation/O&M AgencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFC67 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTNoise andvibrationsMitigationNoise Monitoring Atpumping stationMinimum two locationsat each pumping Stationand should include1.within the pump-houseat workers sitting area2. within 50m downwardwind direction3.Location of residentialareas (Booster pumpingstation and Belagola newpumping station)Noise monitoring atpumping stationEquivalent noise levelsusing noise level meterReadings @ 15 secondsinterval for 15 minutesper hourTo be verified forNational NoisestandardsOnce every sixmonthsMunicipalCorporation/O&M AgencySupervision byEnvironmentalUnit ofKUIDFCProvision oflandscapebuffer zonearoundpumpingstation siteType and location ofvegetation planting andmaintenance of plants.Visual inspectionof site preparationactivities duringvegetation planting andcheck on maintenanceregarding survival ofplantsOne-offinspectionof plantingduringimplementationand checkduring annualenvironmentalreviewMunicipalCorporationF-7 Findings and RecommendationsImpacts of all the technical recommendations suggested for energy efficiency at all the pumpingstations are minor and mitigation possibilities are available. Particular environmental issuesidentified are those which are typical for the pumping equipments and mitigations needs to betaken up as suggested in EMP and monitoring plan.68 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTAnnexureAnnexure A- Record of ConsultationAnnexure B- Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of NoiseAnnexure C- Operational Health & Safety Guidelines for pumping stationsAnnexure-D - Check List Questionnaire for Implementation of EMP and Occupational Healthand Safety at Municipal Pumping StationAnnexure-E Specifications for Tree Planting69 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTANNEXURE-A - Record of ConsultationDate26/2/200828/02/2008Official met forconsultation/discussionMr. Ashok Jain,Smt .Shanbhavi Kamat,AGM(E)Mr. Parveez Sayyad Ahmed(Environmental Engineer)Mr. Karisappa (AEE)Mr.M.G.Narayan(Hongalli Pumping StationIncharge-JE)Mr.Anand Krishna(BelagolaPumping Station Incharge-JE)Office/DepartmentKarnatakaUrbanInfrastructureDevelopmentand FinanceCorporation(KUIDFC )MysoreMunicipalCorporationGeneral discussion on the project and views ofOfficials of Environment and SocialManagement Cell on audit requirement for theprojectCollected information on KWASSIP project,ECoP documentDiscussed site visit arrangements for projectcities and information of contact personsSite visit to project pumping stationsDiscussion on Mysore City water supplyschemes and proposed energy efficiencymeasures. Information of status/progress ofimplementation sought.Discussion on manpower/work shifts, facilitiesand Pumping related hazards29/02/2008Mr. Sinu Mallya(AEE),Mr. Varad Bhandari (JE)MangaloreMunicipalCorporationBasic city level data collectionSite visit to project pumping stations with Mr.Sinu MallyaGeneral discussion on water supply schemesunder Municipal corporation and KUDECPMprojectDiscussed proposed technicalrecommendations , implementation status andresources of proposed energy efficiencymeasures undertaken by Municipal CorporationDiscussion on manpower, facilities , Pumpingrelated hazards and maintenance schedules11/3/2008-12/3/200813/03/2008Mr. Jayram (EE)Mr. Chandrashekhar (AEE)Mr. Basvraj Hosmad(Incharge Saundatti PumpingStation- JE)Mr. Umesh(In charge-Neerasgar Pumping Station- JE)Operators at pumpingstationsMr. Rajendra(JE),Mr. Panchamukhi (JE),Mr. S.I. Patil (AEE)KarnatakaUrban WaterSupply &DrainageBoard , Hubli-DharwadBellaryMunicipalCorporationBasic city level data collectionSite visit to project pumping stations atSaundatti and NeerasagarDiscussed on implementation status proposedenergy efficiency measures and monitoring ofenergy savingsDiscussion on manpower, facilities , pumpingrelated hazards and maintenance scheduleswith Mr. Basavraj HosmadSite visit to project pumping stations for Aliporeand Moka water supply schemeDiscussed on implementation status proposedenergy efficiency measures manpower,facilities , pumping related hazards andmaintenance schedules for each pumpingstation with Mr. PachmukhiBasic city level data collection70 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORT14/03/2008Mr. Yunus Basha (EE)Mr. M.A.Arief (AEE),Mr. Sriranga Raju (AEE)Mr. Rehaman A.(JE)Mr. Ravindra Patil(JE)KarnatakaUrban WaterSupply &DrainageBoard ,GulbergaSite visit to project pumping stations with Mr.Sriranga RajuGeneral discussion on water supply schemesand institutional setup of Water Board atGulberga and manpower at each pumpingstation17/03/2008 Mr. G. N.Surendra(EE),Mr. S.B.Hallanavar(AEE),Mr.Kanannavur(JE),Mr. K.R.Rayaganda(JE)KarnatakaUrban WaterSupply &DrainageBoard,BelgaumDiscussion on proposed energy efficiencymeasures, technical details, implementationstatus and maintenance schedules for eachpumping stationSite visit to project pumping stations with Mr.Hallanvar and KanannavurGeneral discussion on water supply schemesin Belgaum and improvements undertakenunder World Bank aided priority projectDiscussion on proposed energy efficiencymeasures, implementation status andmaintenance schedules for each pumpingstation71 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTANNEXURE-BAmbient Air Quality Standards in Respect of NoiseArea Code Category of Area/Zone Limit in dB(A) Leq*Day TimeNight TimeA Industrial Area 75 70B Commercial Area 65 55C Residential Area 55 45D Silence Zone 50 40Note-1. Day time shall mean from 6.00a.m. to 10.00 p.m.2. Night time shall mean from10.00p.m. to 6.00 a.m.3. Silance Zone is defined as an area comprising not less than 100m around hospitals,educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are zones are zones which are declaredas such by the competent authority.4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories bythe competent authority*dB(A)Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in declibles on scale Awhich isrelated to human hearingA’decible’ is a unit in which noise is measured‘A’ in dB (A)Leq ,denotes the frequency weighting in the measurements of noisenand correspondencesto frequency reaponse characteristics of the human ear.Leq- It is the energy mean of the noise level over specific period72 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTANNEXURE-COperational Health & Safety Guidelines for pumping stations• Pumping Machinery designated area are to be kept clean and free of obstructions that may restrictsafe access to the controls and maintenance access points.• Access to the equipment should be restricted only to the personnel responsible for operation andmaintenance and they must be trained, adequately qualified and supplied with appropriate tools fortheir respective tasks.• All personnel that are responsible for operation or maintenance of the equipment, have access toOHS manual and they will comply with all safety instructions.• Ear Muffs, Safety goggles and other personnel protection equipment must be worn duringoperations. Except approved uniforms no other loose clothing or jewellery should not be wornduring operation• Clear and easy access to all controls, gauges and dials etc. must be maintained at all times.Hazardous or flammable materials must not be stored in pump rooms unless safe areas or rackingand suitable containers have been provided.• All personnel should not touch any moving or rotating parts during normal running. Duringmaintenance procedure machineries should be isolated• All personnel should be aware of the hazards and the recommended emergency and first aidprocedures. Emergency preparedness and response training shall be imparted to the operatorsannually. Basic First aid training, equipments and display charts should be provided and located atprominent locations. Posting of an electric shock resuscitation poster is recommended whereelectric panels are located.• Any operations which need safety procedures to be followed should be listed on a safety noticeboard within the pumping station building or electrical panel room and the necessary safetyequipment must be available for use as the safe working procedures demand.• Pumping stations should be provided with appropriate number and type of fire safety measures likefire extinguishers, sand bags and placed at adequate locations within the pumping stations.• Sources of ignition (e.g. electrical panels) should be protected from any inflammable material.Pumping Equipment and electrical panels and other equipments with a Hazard risk shall not betempered or opened during operations.• Pumping Machinery must be examined by a suitably qualified engineer at intervals not exceeding12 months in view of potential hazard due to high rate of wear and tear which can occur due tocontinuous running. The tests and examinations must be recorded in a Register.• Log books of manpower movement, electricity fluctuations, first aid equipments and accidents (ifany) should be maintained on regular basis.Each item of lifting equipment should regularly tested at intervals not exceeding 12 months by an Engineerqualified and shall be recorded in a Register or Log bookThis gives relevant sections for THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 which could be utilised for in preparation ofOccupational Health and Safety Policy for the Pumping Station worker. The Factories Act 1948 is statutorily notapplicable to Pumping Station Operations as per the specifications mentioned in the Act.THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 ACT NO. 63 OF 1948 1* [23rd September, 1948.]An Act to consolidate and amend the law regulating labour in factories.CHAPTER III- HEALTHSection 11. Cleanliness.(1) Every factory shall be kept clean and free from effluvia arising from any drain, privy or other nuisance, and inparticular-(a) accumulation of dirt and refuse shall be removed daily by sweeping or by any other effective method from the floorsand benches of workrooms and from staircases and passages, and disposed of in a suitable manner;(b) the floor of every workroom shall be cleaned at least once in every week by washing, using disinfectant, wherenecessary, or by some other effective method;73 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTSection 12. Disposal of wastes and effluents.(1) Effective arrangements shall be made in every factory for the treatment of wastes and effluents due to themanufacturing process carried on therein, so as to render them innocuous and for their disposal.Section 13. Ventilation and temperature.(1) Effective and suitable provision shall be made in every factory for securing and maintaining in every workroom--(a) adequate ventilation by the circulation of fresh air, and(b) such a temperature as will secure to workers therein reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury to health;-and in particular,-(i) walls and roofs shall be of such material and so designed that such temperature shall not be exceeded but kept aslow as practicable;Section 16 Overcrowding.(1) No room in any factory shall be overcrowded to an extent injurious to the health of the workers employed therein.17.Lighting.(1) In every part of a factory where workers are working or passing there shall be provided and maintained sufficientand suitable lighting, natural or artificial, or both.(2) In every factory all glazed windows and skylights used for the lighting of the workrooms shall be kept clean on boththe inner an outer surfaces and, so far as compliance with the provisions of anyrules made under sub-section (3) of section 13 will allow, free from obstruction.(3) In every factory effective provision shall, so far as is practicable, be made for the prevention of-(a) glare, either directly from a source of light or by reflection from a smooth or polished surface;(b) the formation of shadows to such an extent as to cause eye-strain or the risk of accident to any worker.18. Drinking water.1) In every factory effective arrangements shall be made to provide and maintain at suitable points convenientlysituated for all workers employed therein a sufficient supply ofwholesome drinking water.(2) All such points shall be legibly marked "drinking water" in a language understood by majority of the workersemployed in the factory, and no such point shall be situated within 1*[six meters ofany washing place, urinal, latrine, spittoon, open drain carrying sullage or effluent or any other source of contamination]19. Latrines and urinals.(1) In every factory-- (a) sufficient latrine and urinal accommodation ofprescribed types shall be provided conveniently situated and accessible to workers at all times whilethey at the factory;(b) separate enclosed accommodation shall be provided for male and female workers;(c) such accommodation shall be adequately lighted and ventilated,(d) all such accommodation shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition at all times;CHAPTER IV- SAFETY21. Fencing of machinery.22. Work on or near machinery in motion.(1) [Where in any factory it becomes necessary to examine any part of machinery while the machinery is in motion, or,as a result of such examination, to carry out-(a) in a case referred to in clause (i) of the proviso to sub-section (1) of section 21, lubrication or other adjustingoperation; or(b) in a case referred to in clause (ii) of the proviso aforesaid, any mounting or shipping of belts or lubrication or otheradjusting operation, while the machinery is in motion, such examination or operation shall be made or carried out onlyby a specially trained adult male worker wearing tight fitting clothing (which shall be supplied by the occupier) whosename has been recorded in the register prescribed in this behalf and who has been furnished with a certificate of hisappointment.23. Employment of young persons on dangerous machines.(1) No young person [shall be required or allowed to work] at any machine to which this section applies, unless he hasbeen fully instructed asto the dangers arising in connection with the machine and the precautions to be observed and-(a) has received sufficient training in work at the machine, or(b) is under adequate supervision by a person who has a through knowledge and experience of the machine.74 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORT28. Hoists and lifts.(1) In every factory (a) every hoist and lift shall be--(i) of good mechanical construction, sound material and adequate strength:(ii) properly maintained, and shall be thoroughly examined by a competent person at least once in every period of sixmonths, and a register shall be kept containing the prescribed particulars of every such examination;(b) every hoistway and liftway shall be sufficiently protected by an enclosure fitted with gates, and the hoist or lift andevery such enclosure shall be so constructed as to any part of the hoist or lift and any fixed structure or moving part;(c) the maximum safe working load shall be plainly marked on every hoist or lift, and no load greater than such29. Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles.(1)In any factory the following provisions shall be complied with in respect of every lifting machine (other than a hoistand lift) and every chain, rope and lifting tackle for the purpose of raising or lowering persons, goods or materials:-(a) all parts, including the working gear, whether fixed or movable, of every lifting machine and every chain, rope orlifting tackle shall be--(i) of good construction, sound material and adequate strength and free from defects;(ii) properly maintained; and(iii) thoroughly examined by a competent person at least once in every period of twelve months, or at such intervals;and a register shall be kept containing the prescribed particulars of every such examination;(b) no lifting machine and no chain, rope or lifting tackle shall, except for the purpose of test, be loaded beyond the safeworking load which shall be plainly marked thereon together with an identification mark and duly entered in theprescribed register; and where this is not practicable, a table showing the safe working loads of every kind and size oflifting machine or chain, rope or lifting tackle in use shall be displayed in prominent positions on the premises;32. Floors, stairs and means of access.In every factory--(a) all floors, steps, stairs, passages and gangways shall be of sound construction and properlymaintained [and shall be kept free from obstructions and substances likely to cause persons to slip], and where it isnecessary to ensure safety, steps, stairs, passages and gangways shall be provided with substantial handrails;(b) there shall, so far as is reasonably practicable, be provided and maintained safe means of access to every place atwhich any person is at any time required to work;c) when any person has to work at a height from where he is likely to fall, provision shall be made, so far as isreasonably practicable, by fencing or otherwise, to ensure the safety of the person so working.]38.Pre- cautions in case of fire.(1) In every factory, all practicable measures shall be taken to prevent outbreak of fire andits spread, both internally and externally, and to provide and maintain--(a) safe means of escape for all persons in the event of a fire, and(b) the necessary equipment and facilities for extinguishing fire.(2) Effective measures shall be taken to ensure that in every factory all the workers are familiar with the means ofescape in case of fire and have been adequately trained in the routine to be followed in such cases.40. Safety of buildings and machinery.(1) If it appears to the Inspector that any building or part of a building or any part of the ways, machinery or plant in afactory is in such a condition that it is dangerous to human life or safety, he may serve on the occupier or manager orboth of the factory an order in writing specifying the measures which in his opinion should be adopted, and requiringthem to be carried out before a specified date.(2) If it appears to the Inspector that the use of any building or part of abuilding or any part of the ways, machinery or plant in a factory involves imminent danger to human life or safety, hemay serve on the occupier or manager or both] of the factory an order in writing prohibiting its use until it has beenproperly repaired or altered.44. Facilities for sitting.(1) In every factory suitable arrangements for sitting shall be provided and maintained for all workers obliged to work ina standing position, in order that they may take advantage of any opportunities for rest which may occur in the course oftheir work.45. First-aid appliances.(1) There shall in every factory be provided and maintained so as to be readily accessible during all working hours firstaidboxes or cupboards equipped with the prescribed contents,(2) Nothing except the prescribed contents shall be keptin a first-aid box or cupboard.75 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTANNEXURE-D - Check List Questionnaire for Implementation of EMP andOccupational Health and Safety at Municipal Pumping StationThis is a preliminary checklist which could be added as part of contract for O&M agency orthe City Municipal Corporation for review of OHS measuresIssue Documentation Comments1 Premises of the Pump housea Access Does the premise have access free from anyobstructionsIs the access controlled type? Security typeb Cleanliness Are the premises kept clean from wildvegetation, rubbish etc.?c Buffer Does the pumping station has sufficient bufferfrom surround areas?d Compound wall Does the pumping station has compound walland gate?2 Pump house and electrical panel roomsa Cleanliness Level of cleanliness (Low/ satisfactory/good)b Lighting Level of natural lighting conditions (Low/satisfactory/good)c Ventilation Level of natural ventilation (Low/satisfactory/good)d Provision of Yes/No ( provide number of workers andDrinking water toilets provided)e Provision of Yes/No ( provide number of workers andftoiletsCondition ofbuilding3 Pumping Station Equipmenta Conformity toManufacturer’sspecificationbLocation ofequipments4 Maintenancea MaintenanceSchedule5 Environmental Monitoringa Noisemanagementtoilets provided)Good/Satisfactory/BadCheck structural stabilityCheck roof conditionCheck for cracks, dampnessDo pumps, locations are in conformity withmanufacturer’s specification?If no the reasons for deviationType of fire hazard safety equipments? Typeand numberDo safety equipments conform to safetyspecificationDo location of equipments confirm tomanufacturer’s specification?Would it create any risk situations?Are the equipments protected from any naturalhazards?Is there a maintenance schedule prepared forall equipments?Does it confirm to manufacturer’sspecification/general maintenance procedurePumps- Schedule and date of lastmaintenance carried out and next scheduledfindingsand actions takenElectrical Panels and sub-stationMechanical equipments like Cranes, trolleysetcPump house buildings and surrounding areawithin the compoundNoise MonitoringSampling locations1. At the pump house2. Near panel roomGeneralDocumentationDocumentation offacilities/ workers andweekly statementabout status ofcleanliness ofpremises/ biannualstatement of buildingconditionConformitystatements approvedby the Person –incharge/Manufacturer’s specificationsDocumentation ofmaintenanceschedule and recordsin registers or logbooksDocumentation ofresults andinterpretative resultsfor noise76 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTbVegetationPlantingBuffer planting maintenanceManure/ watering/ pesticide spraysMonitoring6 Safety Precautionc Fire Hazards Are any fire hazards identified? Possiblelocations of fire hazard?Type of Safety measures consideredSafety equipments-Required/procuredPlacement /locations of Fire safety measuresAre warning signs posted for fire hazard proneequipmentsd Electrical Hazards Equipments and locations identified forelectrical hazardsType of Safety measures consideredSafety equipments-Required/procuredAre warning signs and safety measuresposters pasted at electrical risk locationsFirst aid equipments ( type of aid available /location)c Training Are the workers trained for protection againsthazards, first aid measures and emergencysituationsDate, type and no of workers attending thetraining programmeDocumentation ofsafety equipments ,locations , persons incharge,trainingschedules andemergencyprocedures7 Worker SafetyAuthorizationWorker safetyequipmentsHealth safety8 Waste GenerationWaste storageand disposalAuthorization to enter the premises –Accesscards/UniformsInventory of safety equipmentshelmets/gloves/shoesWhat are the Noise abetment measuresImplemented ?-Ear plugs/Earmuffs/others(specify)Does the duty hours exceed 8 hours?Health checkup- last date conducted forworkersInventory of type of waste generatedMethod of storage and designated locationDisposal methodLocation-(Does it need approval- status)If reuse – where? how?GeneraldocumentationDocumentation77 World Bank

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL WATER PUMPING IMPROVEMENTS IN SIX TOWNSENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANFINAL REPORTANNEXURE-E Specifications for Tree PlantingLocation -Trees should be only planted around the compound wall of the pumping stations.Care shouldbe taken the tree planting does not affect the piping and electrical line in the pumping station . Adequatedistance should be maintained between these and among the treesSpacing- A minimum spacing, a range of 6-10m would meet the requirement for most of the trees that arebeing recommended. The trees should be planted in one or two rows with staggered pitch so that any treein row is opposite the centre of the space between two trees in the opposite row.Selection of tree -The following aspects were considered for selecting the type of species of trees to beplanted along the project road. Soil characters, Rainfall pattern, Temperature variation and Ground Water Level of the region Life of the tree with preference to the tree with long life Identification of species which are either truly evergreen such as the mango, nearly evergreensuch as the Margosa or be in leaves in all seasons Capability of the tree to develop a straight and clean bole upto a height of 2.5-3.5 m from theground level Spread of roots of the tree to identify deep rooted tree as shallow roots injure piping layoutPlanting- Pits of 1 m x 1 m size in ordinary soil and 1.5 x 2m for hard soil should prepared for planting thetrees. The pits should be filled with a mixture of soil and manure. The seedling along with its root or earthball is planted firmly in the pit after breaking and removing the pot. The planting should be done before theonset of rains.Maintenance-The plants should be adequately watered, generally for about 2-3 years, and regularlyattended. Careful digging around the plants to prevent soil from getting hard and removal of weeds shouldbe done periodically. All plants require manure of the appropriate type and in right quantities for properand firm development.Indicative List of Species for plantation (Not Comprehensive)Biological NameCommon NameTreesAlstonia scholarisDevil TreeAzadirachta indicaMargosa (Neem) TreeCasia fistulaAmaltas / RellaCassia siamiaManjakkonai / Chinna TangeduDelonix regiaGulmoharDiospyros melanoxylon blumeTenduEucalyptus citriodora HookSafedaF.infectoria RoxbPakarP.emblica L.AmlaPolyalthia longifolia benth & HookAshokProsopis juliflora DCShamiPsidium guajava L.GuavaSpondias mangifera willdAmraTamarindus indica L.Imli (Tamarind)ShrubsBougainvilleaBaganvilasCassis sophera wallKasundaClerodendron infortunatum caertnBhantIpomoea fistulosa mart. Ex. ChoisyBehayaLantana camara L.GhaneriMurraya exotica L.KaminiNerium odorumAit.Lal KanerTabernaemontana coromaria WilldChandniThevetia nerifolia JussPeela Kaner78 World Bank