Spatial Vision

Summary• Spatial vision is concerned with segmentation andidentification of objects in complex scenes.• Receptive fields of neurons signal increasingly complexstructure as one progresses along the visual pathway• To detect e.g. complex contour structure require that oneintegrate local estimates of orientation across space• The rules governing this integration are influenced by thestatistics of natural scenes• Surround suppression can identify salient image structureand (with population coding) can explain lots of illusions• V4 uses a population code to compute complex shapeAdditional citations requested• Gain control: Carandini & Heeger (2012), "Normalization asa canonical neural computation", Nature Reviews Neurosci , 1351-62.• Surround suppression: Zenger-Landolt &Heeger (2003)“Response suppression in v1 agrees with psychophysics ofsurround masking” Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 6884-93• Orientation tuning and natural environment: Girshick, Landy& Simoncelli (2011)Cardinal rules: Visual orientationperception reflects knowledge of environmental statistics,Nature Neuroscience, 14, 926--932,