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Table of Contents
Subject Divisions/Categories
Document citations are grouped by division and then by category, according to the NASA Scope and Subject
Category Guide.
Aeronautics
01 Aeronautics (General) ...................................................................................................... 1
02 Aerodynamics .................................................................................................................. 1
03 Air Transportation and Safety .......................................................................................... 2
04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation ...................................................................... 10
05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance ..................................................................... 19
06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation ............................................................................ 24
07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power ....................................................................................... 26
08 Aircraft Stability and Control .......................................................................................... 27
09 Research and Support Facilities (Air) ........................................................................... 27
Astronautics
12 Astronautics (General) ................................................................................................... 28
13 Astrodynamics ............................................................................................................... 29
15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations ...................................................................... 29
17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking ......... 30
18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance ............................................................... 32
Chemistry and Materials
23 Chemistry and Materials (General) ............................................................................... 33
24 Composite Materials ...................................................................................................... 34
25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry .................................................................. 35
26 Metals and Metallic Materials ........................................................................................ 38
Engineering
31 Engineering (General) ................................................................................................... 39
32 Communications and Radar .......................................................................................... 41
33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering .......................................................................... 51
34 Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics ......................................................................... 81
35 Instrumentation and Photography ................................................................................. 84
36 Lasers and Masers ........................................................................................................ 89
37 Mechanical Engineering ................................................................................................ 90
39 Structural Mechanics ..................................................................................................... 92
Geosciences
43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing ......................................................................... 92
44 Energy Production and Conversion ............................................................................... 93
45 Environment Pollution .................................................................................................. 100
46 Geophysics .................................................................................................................. 102
47 Meteorology and Climatology ...................................................................................... 103

Life Sciences
51 Life Sciences (General) ............................................................................................... 105
52 Aerospace Medicine ..................................................................................................... 111
53 Behavioral Sciences ..................................................................................................... 115
54 Man/System Technology and Life Support .................................................................. 115
Mathematical and Computer Sciences
59 Mathematical and Computer Sciences (General) ........................................................ 117
60 Computer Operations and Hardware .......................................................................... 124
61 Computer Programming and Software ........................................................................ 127
62 Computer Systems ...................................................................................................... 143
63 Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics .......................................................... 153
64 Numerical Analysis ...................................................................................................... 161
65 Statistics and Probability ............................................................................................. 172
66 Systems Analysis and Operations Research .............................................................. 177
67 Theoretical Mathematics .............................................................................................. 181
Physics
70 Physics (General) ........................................................................................................ 183
71 Acoustics ...................................................................................................................... 202
72 Atomic and Molecular Physics ..................................................................................... 211
74 Optics ........................................................................................................................... 211
75 Plasma Physics ........................................................................................................... 213
76 Solid-State Physics ...................................................................................................... 215
77 Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields ................................................................ 217
Social and Information Sciences
80 Social and Information Sciences (General) ................................................................. 217
81 Administration and Management ................................................................................. 221
82 Documentation and Information Science .................................................................... 221
83 Economics and Cost Analysis ..................................................................................... 231
Space Sciences
89 Astronomy .................................................................................................................... 231
90 Astrophysics ................................................................................................................. 234
91 Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration ............................................................ 235
Indexes
Two indexes are available. You may use the find command under the tools menu while viewing the PDF file for direct
match searching on any text string. You may also select either of the two indexes provided for linking to the
corresponding document citation from NASA Thesaurus terms and personal author names.
Subject Term Index
Personal Author Index

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
AEROSPACE REPORTS
A Biweekly Publication of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VOLUME 44, JANUARY 13, 2006
01
AERONAUTICS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to manned and unmanned aircraft and the problems of flight within the Earth’s atmosphere. Also
includes manufacturing, maintenance, and repair of aircraft. For specific topics in aeronautics, see categories 02 through 09. For
information related to space vehicles see 12 Astronautics.
20060002359 Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC USA
Proficiency and the Private Pilot
Strock, D.; January 1995; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-102155; FAA-P-8740-36; AFS-810(1995); No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
The purpose of this series of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Aviation Safety Program publications is to provide
the aviation community with safety information that is informative, handy, and easy to review. Staying proficient is a real
challenge for most pilots. In order to retain your skills and stay current in the knowledge of your aircraft it requires time,
money and suitable weather.
NTIS
Abilities; Aircraft Safety; Education; Flight Safety
02
AERODYNAMICS
Includes aerodynamics of flight vehicles, test bodies, airframe components and combinations, wings, and control surfaces. Also includes
aerodynamics of rotors, stators, fans, and other elements of turbomachinery. For related information see also 34 Fluid Mechanics and
Thermodynamics.
20060001918 George Washington Univ., Washington, DC USA
Large-Eddy Simulation of the Tip-Flow of a Rotor in Hover
Mittal, Rajat; Oct. 28, 2005; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0704
Report No.(s): AD-A440555; ARO-42877-EG.2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The blade-tip vortex is one of the most important aerodynamic feature of a helicopter rotor wake, The strength, size,
location and orientation of the tip vortices affect the blade loads and rotor performance. The overall goal of the current project
was to develop a large-eddy simulation (LES) capability to simulate the rotor-tip vortex and use these simulations to perform
a detailed analysis of the dynamics of this flow, The specific objectives of this research project are (1) Develop a LES based
computational approach for simulating the tip flow of a rotor in hover. (2) Validate the computational approach against PIV
measurements of a hovering rotor (3) Use the solver to gain insight into the formation, structure and downstream evolution
of the tip-vortex and the dynamics of the turbulence associated with the tip vortex.
DTIC
Aerodynamics; Hovering; Large Eddy Simulation; Rotors
20060002337 Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Volume 37, Number 5, October 2005
Dewang, L.; Oct. 2005; 146 pp.; In Chinese
Report No.(s): PB2006-100639; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Contents include the following: Anisotropic GMR Effect in Si/Co/Cu/Co Multilayers and Its Correlation with
1

Microstructure Fabrication and Performance of BN/Nylon1010 Composite Substrate; Effect of Strength and Deformation of
Die Steel Deposited Metal on Thermal Fatigue Resistance; Stopping Power of Heavy Ions in Human Body Tissue; Mullite
Ceramic Composites Fabricated by Chemical Vapor Infiltration; Structural and Electromagnetic Properties of Double
Perovskite (Sr(sub 2-x)Ba(sub x)FeMoO(sub 6)); Formation of Shear Band in Cold Rolled Boby-Centered Cubic Metal;
Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange on Anodic Oxidation TiO2 Films; Double Glow Plasma Surface Molybdenizing
of Pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V; Research on Recycled Plastic Wood Composites; Preparation of Three-Dimensionally Ordered
Macroporous Carbon with High Specific Surface Area Using SiO2 Opal as Template; Fabrication of Nano-Porous TiO2 Films
on Pure Titanium and Its Alloy; Fabrication Process of Nano-CeO2 Particulates/Galfan Composites; Synthesis and
Characterization of Block Copolymer; Poly (methyl methacrylate)-b-Polystyrene; Hydrothermal Preparation and
Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Whiskers; Safety Analysis of HP40 Austenitic Heat-Resistant Steel Tubes After Long
Time Aged; Friction and Wear Properties of PTFE Composites Reinforced with Nano Particle Kaolin; Adaptive Segmentation
Method of Metal Image; Synthesis of Nanoporous Silicon Nitride-Based Materials with Various Novel Morphologies in
Nonaqueous Media; Synthesis and Characterization of P(VDF-TrFE) with Partially Grafted Copper Phthalocyanine Oligomer;
Effect of Scanning Path on Temperature Field in Direct Metal Laser Sintering Process; Synthesis and Study of New
Intercalation Compound of FeOCI(8-hydroxy-Quinoline)(sub 0.78); Effects of Cation-Exchange Resins on Water Dissociation
in Electric Field; Mechanical Properties of SiC(sup p)/ZA27 Composites Prepared by High Intensity Ultrasound Treatment;
Theoretical Study on Elastic Properties of 2.5D Braided Composites; Structures of Beta-Nickel Hydroxide and
Electrocatalytical Properties of Complex Electrode; and Effects of Silica Sol on Properties of Ca-Bentonite.
NTIS
Anisotropy; Silicon; Cobalt; Copper; Laminates
03
AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
Includes passenger and cargo air transport operations; airport ground operations; flight safety and hazards; and aircraft accidents.
Systems and hardware specific to ground operations of aircraft and to airport construction are covered in 09 Research and Support
Facilities (Air). Air traffic control is covered in 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation. For related information see also 16 Space
Transportation and Safety and 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.
20060001824 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Modeling the Infrared Intensity of a Large Commerical Aircraft
Martinez, Ruben; Mar. 1, 2005; 94 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440315; AFIT/GE/ENP/05-01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Measuring the infrared signature of large civilian aircraft has become increasingly important due to the proliferation of
man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) and the increasing threat of their use by terrorists. Because of the range of
these shoulder-fired weapons, most aircraft flying over 20,000 feet are safe from the threat; however, aircraft taking-off or
landing are extremely vulnerable. A radiometric model was developed to simulate a large commercial aircraft’s infrared
intensity during these two critical phases of flight. The radiometric model was largely based on the dimensions of a Boeing
747-400 aircraft. It is capable of simulating elevation angles between -20 and +20 , as well as 360 in azimuth in its projected
area analysis of the faceted model. The model utilizes an obscuration matrix to determine which parts of the aircraft are in
view by the observer and thus contribute to the aircraft’s intensity. A simple one-bounce reflection matrix was also included
to incorporate reflections of hot parts off other body parts, as well as earth- and sky-shine contributions to the overall intensity.
Various atmospheric scenarios can be loaded into the model to incorporate atmospheric transmittance and radiance effects in
the simulation. Measurements taken at the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Optical Measurement Facility are used to create
material matrices which account for angle-dependent emissivity and reflectance. A graphical user interface (GUI) was
developed to allow a user to change variables and view the resultant aircraft intensity as a function of elevation and azimuth
angles. A graphical output of the faceted model assists in visualizing aircraft hot parts, reflections, and/or obstructed parts to
identify significant contributions to the aircraft’s infrared intensity.
DTIC
Commercial Aircraft; Infrared Radiation; Infrared Signatures
2

20060002048 Civil Aerospace Medical Inst., Oklahoma City, OK, USA
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities, 1999-2003
Chaturvedi, Arvind K.; Craft, Kristi J.; Canfield, Dennis V.; Whinnery, James E.; November 2005; 17 pp.; In English; Original
contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FAA-AM-B-05-TOX-202
Report No.(s): DOT/FAA/AM-05/20; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Prevalence of drug and ethanol use in aviation is monitored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Under such
monitoring, epidemiological studies for the 1989-1993 and 1994-1998 periods indicated lower percentages of the presence of
illegal (abused) drugs than that of prescription and nonprescription drugs in aviation accident pilot fatalities. In continuation
of these studies, an epidemiological assessment was made for an additional period of 5 years. Postmortem samples from
aviation accident pilot fatalities submitted to the FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute (CAMI) are toxicologically analyzed,
and those analytical findings are stored substances of Schedules I-V, prescription and nonprescription drugs, and ethanol in
the pilot fatalities. Out of were fatally injured. Drugs and/or ethanol were found in 830 of the 1587 fatalities. Controlled
substances of Schedules I and I1 and Schedules 111-V were detected in 113 and 42 pilots, respectively. Prescription drugs were
present in 315 pilots, nonprescription drugs in 259 pilots, and ethanol in 101 pilots. Controlled substances of Schedules I and
I1 were detected in only 5 of the 122 First-class medical certificate-holding airline transport pilots. In addition to the controlled
substances, many of the prescription and nonprescription drugs found in the fatalities have the potential for impairing
performance, thereby adversely affecting the ability of an individual to optimally pilot an aircraft. Findings from this study
were consistent with those of the 2 previous epidemiological studies and support the FAA’s programs, including the FAA’s
drug-testing program, aimed at identifying potentially incapacitating medical conditions and reducing the usage of
performance-impairing drugs or ethanol.
Author
Drugs; Ethyl Alcohol; Epidemiology; Aircraft Accidents
20060002233 ATN Systems, Inc., VA, USA
Aeronautical Data Link Road Map, An Air Carrier Perspective
Murphy, Mike; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 16 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
This presentation summarizes the activities to date of the Aeronautical Data Link System (ADLS) Program Coordination
Group (PCG), an informal group of air carriers and interested parties working together to promote Air Traffic ADLS
implementation in the National Airspace System (NAS). The presentation offers a proposal for ADLS road map objectives and
milestones with particular focus on a number of near term service packages tailored to take advantage of existing aircraft
equipage.
Author
Data Links; Aeronautics; National Airspace System; Air Traffıc Control
20060002247 Boeing Aerospace Co., USA
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance, Boeing, Airservices Australia, QANTAS
Cornell, Brad; Roberts, Craig; Watson, Mike; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 33 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original
contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part
of the entire parent document
The Tailored Arrivals Project is investigating a method of delivering an arrivals clearance to an aircraft via Controller Pilot
Data Link Communications (CPDLC) that enables the aircraft to meet a specific time at an entry fix, while maintaining the
optimum arrivals configuration for as long as possible, thereby minimising fuel burn, noise and emissions.
Derived from text
Air Traffıc Control; Australia; Boeing Aircraft; Arrivals
20060002248 Mitre Corp., USA
RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches: Concepts and Benefits
Milles, Michael; Porter, Suzanne; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-22; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
3

RNP SAAAR procedures have been proposed that have the potential to increase arrival capacity and reduce delays at
some of the busiest airports in the NAS. These procedures leverage advanced avionics and pilot capabilities to provide
precision simultaneous approaches in IMC to runways where they do not currently exist. Realizing the full operational benefits
of these new ideas will require that operators equip and train their flight crews to take advantage of the performance-based
NAS.
Author
Avionics; Flight Crews; Navigation; Approach; Flight Instruments
20060002251 Lockheed Martin Air Traffic Management, Rockville, MD, USA
Future Global Communications In Efficient Flight Path Management
Mettus, P. W.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-13; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Presentation includes topics on 1) Regional and Global Capacity Challenges; 2) Long Range Planning; 3) A Future
National Airspace System; 4)Harmonizing Telecommunications Infrastructure, ATC Application Infrastructure, and
Operational Concepts.
Derived from text
Air Traffıc Control; Telecommunication
20060002258 SENSIS Corp., Dewitt, NY, USA
The Standalone Traffic Information Service (TIS) Server
Beyer, Jeffrey; Hepp, Andrew; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 23 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color and black and
white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the
entire parent document
The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is a Mode S Specific Service that is intended to improve the safety and efficiency
of see and avoid flight by automatically providing pilots with ground based surveillance information of nearby traffic and
warning of any threatening traffic conditions. TIS is functionally equivalent to Aircraft Collision Avoidance System (ACAS)
Level 1 and is provided without any involvement from Air Traffic Control (ATC). TIS currently available in those terminal
areas serviced by Mode S Surveillance Radars (MSSRs). At a typical radar site, TIS is available upon request to aircraft
operating inside the coverage volume, which typically extends 60 nautical miles from the radar and from 3,000 feet to 55,000
feet Above Ground Level (AGL). Traffic information is uplinked to clients for whom the system identifies intruders or aircraft
within a seven nautical mile radius of the client and up to 3,500 feet above or 3,000 feet below the client. In the next several
years, more than 25 radar systems that currently provide TIS are being replaced by ASR-11 which do not provide Mode S
functionality. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) expressed interest in continuing the TIS at these sites as well as
providing the TIS to other locations that do not currently provide Mode S Specific Services. The Sensis TIS Server was tested
extensively in a lab environment and at Syracuse Hancock International Airport. The lab testing verified that the TIS System
satisfies all of the operational requirements derived from the current TIS Minimum Operational Performance Specification
(MOPS). The TIS Server was also successfully verified against 18 simulated aircraft scenarios used for Operational Test and
Evaluation (OT & E) of the current TIS implementation. The Sensis TIS Server was further evaluated by Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT) Lincoln Laboratories in a terminal environment by comparing the output generated by the
Sensis system to the output generated by the ASR-9 at Syracuse Hancock International Airport. The Sensis TIS System
provided the same traffic information as the current Mod S TIS implementation.
Author
Automatic Control; Avionics; Air Traffıc Control; Systems Engineering
20060002276 Locus, Inc., USA
Integrated GPS/eLoran Systems
Roth, Linn G.; Narins, Mitchell J.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-30; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
Recent Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), USA Coast Guard (USCG) and US Department of Transportation (DOT)
4

technical evaluations of the enhanced or eLoran system have demonstrated that eLoran can provide important capabilities to
mitigate the loss of GPS in numerous applications. As a part of this evaluation process, Locus developed an integrated
GPS/WAAS/eLoran prototype aviation system in cooperation with FreeFlight Systems. Locus also worked independently with
Atlas Elektronik of Germany to develop a combined GPS/Loran system for marine military applications. FreeFlight and Locus
have recently completed their single unit prototype system, and it has just been delivered to the FAA. Flight trials of the
prototype are expected to take place soon and continue this spring. Flight tests on an earlier, two-unit prototype demonstrated
it easily met FAA required navigation performance (RNP) accuracy standards for non-precision approach (NPA). The
Locus/Atlas system is referred to as GLEE (for GPS-Loran-Eurofix Environment) and has been operational for approximately
one year. The GLEE system includes Eurofix technology, which utilizes Loran to distribute DPGS corrections and integrity
messages over a large region. GLEE has been successfully tested in the Baltic and North Seas under conditions that simulate
GPS denial. Locus has also developed other eLoran technology that will enhance eLoran s ability to complement and backup
GPS in systems such as GLEE and the FreeFlight/Locus device, and will facilitate integration with GPS. These include the
addition of a single axis gyroscope (SAG), a new H-field antenna, a new receiver front end, and three receiver operating modes
to provide additional secondary factor (ASF) corrections for the Loran position solution. One of the ASF modes takes in GPS
NEMA $GPGGA messages and calculates and applies ASFs in real time. This paper will review the FreeFlight/Locus and
Atlas/Locus GPS/eLoran systems and Locus new eLoran technology. It will also include results of flight and marine tests on
these systems.
Author
Global Positioning System; Loran; Systems Integration; Civil Aviation
20060002279 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., USA
Measurement of the Safety Impact of Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical
University
Hampton, Steven; Theokas, Richard; Knopf, Ken, Technical Monitor; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications,
Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-18; In English; See also
20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on
CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
This presentation discusses impact of the installation of ADS-B with GBTS to decrease the number of aircraft near mid-air
collisions at uncontrolled, non-towered airfield. It also discusses the implications for application to general aviation activity
nationally in regards to the effectiveness of ADS-B to decrease near mid-air collisions nationally. They analyzed actual
numbers of reported NMAC frequencies, calculated rate of incidents per 100,000 flight hours in Daytona Beach (for the years
2000 thru 2003) and Prescott (for the years 1996 through 2003). These were completed by raw NMAC frequency per
month/per/year/per incident location. Harvested NMAC data was categorized NMAC events as occurring in one of three areas
within a 50nm radius of subject airports (i.e. DAB and PRC) with Data Beach practice areas and traffic patterns (including
45 deg. dogleg to downwind) and Prescott (still a work in progress for the years 1996 thru 2003). VFR vs. IFR (statistically
insignificant for DAB, where 99%% were VFR reports, but may prove significant for PRC, where more solo NMACs were
reported in addition to dual.
Derived from text
Airports; Collisions; General Aviation Aircraft; Safety; Installing; Position (Location)
20060002284 Spectra Research Systems, Inc., Arlington, VA, USA
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach to Global Airspace: One World-One Airspace-One Perception
Laska, William D.; Edwards, John; Caudill, Dirk; Chrisman, Andrew; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications,
Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-21; In English; See also
20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on
CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
After September 11th the number of flights worldwide decreased substantially. More than three years later, the situation
has returned to normal, and future projections indicate the demand for air transportation will outpace our ability to handle these
increases efficiently. This is especially true since the industry continues to use antiquated technologies and processes for Air
Traffic Management (ATM). The ability to maintain high levels of safety as more and more aircraft fly in and through
controlled airspace is of greatest concern. This concern is exacerbated as the projected numbers of non-traditional types of
aircraft, (i.e. UAVs and Micro Jets) are in use. The USA Department of Defense (DoD) is trying to resolve a similar problem
in controlling DoD use airspace with increasing lethality without sacrificing safety (e.g., fratricide). This problem is common
to many battle commanders that do not have a unified picture of the battle space. The Single Integrated Air Picture (SIAP)
5

concept was originally developed to resolve this lack of a common perception of the battle space. This includes knowing
airspace participant structure, positions, logistics, and intentions. It is the foundation on which significant automated aids are
to be based, which are among the next steps planned in SIAP evolution. This paper introduces the SIAP concept and discusses
how the Global Airspace System (GAS) modernization efforts worldwide will greatly benefit from its functionality. To
understand the GAS completely, the entire air transportation system must be considered as a whole. This system comprises
the air side of operations, as well as the land side, including everything before an airplane arrives at a terminal and after it
leaves a terminal. This paper only considers the airside, understanding that some information is lost to focus better n the topic
at hand. The paper begins by briefly discussing the current airspace as a system of systems giving some indication of the
complexities that must be understood before any modernization can be applied. Next, the SIAP concept is introduced by
describing its potential as an enabling tool in the GAS. Finally,the paper discusses the emergent capabilities from the use of
the SIAP concept applied to the GAS modernization.
Author
Air Traffıc Control; Air Transportation; Airspace; Aircraft Safety
20060002285 Mitre Corp., USA
Information Security for the Aviation Community: A Personal Perspective
Signore, Ted; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-18; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
Information Security (INFOSEC) is a necessary component of all aeronautical systems in today’s environment. Methods
to determine, develop and achieve such security are well documented. Notably the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) SP (Special Publication) and FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) series of publications
provide a basis upon which many an organization s internal security procedures are based. This presentation provides a
different and more informal perspective on the INFOSEC process by emphasizing the (sometimes contrarian) viewpoint of the
author, gained through 10 years of aviation security work and 20 years of developing communication solutions for the aviation
industry. Topics covered are: how and why commercial security products may not be applicable to the aviation community,
the importance of developing a security solution from the inception of a project, how more formal (read NIST) security
techniques may lead you astray, what should happen when your aeronautical security solution fails, what to expect when you
undergo a security review, the relationship between the technical solution to your project and the security solution, why your
system may never be approved for operation even if your system has passed all internal security checks.
Derived from text
Security; Aeronautics; Civil Aviation
20060002296 Federal Aviation Agency, Atlantic City, NJ, USA
Airborne Internet: Applications Abound
Yost, Ralph; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-29; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The Airborne Internet will provide a tremendous opportunity for new applications to be utilized on board aircraft. Flight
deck functionality can be greatly improved when the Airborne Internet is implemented and the Collaborative Information
Environment (CIE) is the enabling technology to transform the flight deck from a relatively static information user to a
dynamic node on an information network. Through the use of TCP/IP and XML Web Services, the Airborne Internet CIE will
provide the foundation upon which numerous new applications can be used by the people in aircraft. Airborne Internet CIE
applications could include the System Wide Information Management (SWIM), Controller Pilot Data Link (CPLDC), regular
downloading of the aircraft s ‘black box’ data, priority TCP/IP message delivery, voice over IP (which then could be used as
voice in the Oceanic or Gulf of Mexico airspace), better and enhanced weather information, Airport/Facility Directory, FAA
NOTAMs (including ‘special use airspace (including TFR)), telemedicine, special homeland security functions, and electronic
flight bag applications such as conflict detection and avoidance. Flight deck applications could be commanded and controlled
by the flight crew s voice rather than mouse, keypad and pointing devices which are clumsy and difficult to use in the
sometimes high turbulence environment of an aircraft.
Author
Internets; Airborne Equipment; Information Management; Flight Control; Data Links; Airspace; Document Markup
Languages
6

20060002302 Federal Aviation Administration, USA
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) System Wide Information Management (SWIM) Program
Loynes, John W.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-17; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Information management is a key element to future improvements in National Airspace System (NAS) safety and
capacity. Current NAS systems are mostly hard-wired in point-to-point configurations, do not share information with each
other, and have individual data management process, even if the data is the same. This is costly and inefficient, but more
importantly, vital information is not readily available to all who need it. To address these problems, FAA has initiated the
System Wide Information Management (SWIM) Program. SWIM will develop and implement policies, standards,
infrastructure, and tools to permit NAS-wide information sharing. With SWIM execution, FAA will be able to move to
network enabled or network centric operations. Network enabled operations is a synergistic operational mode that leverages
the capabilities of networks by linking individual systems together and allowing them to interoperate. The international
aviation community, other government agencies and industry are all embracing concepts of network enabled operations. There
is a definitive need for shared information in the NAS and by Presidential directive, with other government agencies. SWIM
will provide the NAS with the capability to securely access the right information in the right format at the right time at the
right location. Ultimate integration with systems and sensors from other agencies will allow FAA to share information for
homeland security, national defense, and other governmental purposes. Meanwhile, the availability of information in a timely
fashion promises significant operational, efficiency and cost savings benefits to all members of the NAS community. SWIM
will be an IP-Based (Internet-like network-enabled) architecture that permits sharing of information between all users and
systems, delivers game-change cost benefits, and prepares a NAS infrastructure for implementing the Next Generation Air
Transportation System. By applying a modern information management approach, SWIM will bring value to FAA legacy
systems and provide the platform for future systems.
Derived from text
Air Transportation; Information Management; National Airspace System; Systems Engineering; Air Traffıc Control
20060002308 AeroTech Research, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers & Controllers
Robinson, Paul A.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-20; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Turbulence has been identified by the FAA, NTSB, and airline sources as the leading cause of aviation injuries, which
costs the major airlines at least $100 million per year. This paper will describe such a distributed turbulence avoidance
decision-aid, its communications requirements, and its operational concepts in optimizing the use of airspace in regions of
turbulence. The work draws on experience gained by the in-service evaluation of a prototype turbulence reporting system on
Delta Air Lines aircraft currently underway. In an effort to reduce turbulence accidents, the Turbulence Prediction and Warning
Systems (TPAWS) element of NASA s Aviation Safety Program is developing technologies to reduce the turbulence accident
rate by 50% by 2007. This paper will focus on the application of one of the systems under development in TPAWS the
Turbulence Auto-Pirep System (TAPS) - which utilizes reports of aircraft experienced turbulence loads as the basis for
generating realtime turbulence reports. These reports are downlinked to the ground and uplinked/datalinked to other aircraft.
Such a system provides a real-time graphical display of the location and severity of turbulence hazards in the cockpit as well
as on the ground. TAPS removes the subjectivity and latency in current, verbal, PIREPS. The downlinking and display of
TAPS reports to dispatchers ground stations is currently undergoing an in-service evaluation on Delta Air Lines B-737-800,
B-767-300/300ER, and B-767-400ER aircraft1. This paper will deal with the much broader application of TAPS. Effective
avoidance of turbulence hazards requires the coordinated information sharing amongst three key parties: flight crews (pilots),
dispatchers, and air traffic controllers. This applies both for the strategic flight planning element, as well as the tactical in-flight
avoidance of turbulence. For all three parties, there are different requirements for the turbulence hazard information. While
all parties primary concern is the safe operation of the aircraft, pilots are concerned for the prevention of injuries of crew and
passengers due to unexpected encounters with turbulence, dispatchers want to provide the most efficient and economical
routing, and controllers, while maintaining spacing between aircraft, want to optimize the use of the airspace, thereby
maximizing capacity. In order to collaborate effectively in the strategic and tactical avoidance of turbulence, all must have the
7

appropriate information in the right form, and with an understanding of how it can and should be used.
Derived from text
Turbulence; Warning Systems; Prediction Analysis Techniques; Aircraft Safety; Decision Support Systems; Downlinking;
Systems Engineering; Real Time Operation; Flight Safety
20060002309 AeroTech Research, Inc., Newport News, VA, USA
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence Auto-PIREP System (TAPS)
Prince, Jason B.; Robinson, Paul A.; Amaral, Christian; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 16 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original
contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part
of the entire parent document
Aircraft encounters with turbulence are the leading cause of injuries in the airline industry and result in significant human,
operational, and maintenance costs. A large contributor to these encounters is that flight crews do not possess sufficient
knowledge of the location and severity of potential turbulence hazards to their aircraft. The Turbulence Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) is an autonomous system that provides real-time objective reports of turbulence encounters in an effort to improve the
pilots and ground operations personnel s situational awareness of potential turbulence hazards. TAPS was developed as part
of the Turbulence Prediction and Warning Systems (TPAWS) element of NASA’s Aviation Safety and Security Program
(AvSSP), whose goal is to develop technologies that reduce the turbulence accident rate by 25-50% by 2007. Under TPAWS,
AeroTech Research has spearheaded a government/industry initiative with Delta Airlines and ARINC, in which TAPS
reporting algorithms have been installed on the Delta B737-800 fleet (71 aircraft) and tested in revenue service. This initiative
involves the development of the reporting system, communications infrastructure, and ground station display, which are all
components of the Turbulence Auto-PIREP System. The purpose of this initiative is to evaluate the algorithms and concepts
during realistic operational conditions, to understand the communication pathways for the TAPS information (Air-to-Ground),
and to develop displays that portray this information based on user (pilots, dispatchers, etc.) needs, requirements, and
operations. The goal is to improve the situational awareness of turbulence and to provide operationally useful information to
the end user. When an aircraft in which TAPS algorithms are installed encounters significant turbulence, a TAPS report is
generated based upon the experienced loads and is automatically broadcast to a ground station, via an ACARS message, for
dissemination, archiving, and display. The ACARS message is received by an ARINC ground station and integrated into their
Web Aircraft Situation Display (WebASDSM) software. ARINC’s WebASDSM has been modified to incorporate TAPS
reports and graphically display them in real-time. The reports are illustrated by icons representing turbulence levels of light,
light-moderate, moderate-severe, and severe, which are consistent with established standard weather symbols for turbulence.
Derived from text
Autonomy; Civil Aviation; Prototypes; Real Time Operation; Turbulence; Systems Engineering
20060002314 National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Air Traffic Management Decision Support Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing and Forecasting Aviation Weather
Lindholm, Tenny A.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference
and Workshop; November 2005; 39 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Six aviation weather hazard areas are currently being addressed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)
Research Applications Laboratory (RAL) through emerging weather products: convection and convective hazards; in-flight
icing; turbulence (terrain-induced, convective-induced, jet stream, and shear); remote and oceanic weather hazard diagnosis
and forecasts; ceiling and visibility, and winter weather hazards on the ground. These products are being transitioned to
operations for use by pilots, dispatchers, flight service specialists, and air traffic controllers/managers. Underlying research,
verification, dissemination methods, and user interface/display development have been sponsored primarily by the FAA
Aviation Weather Research (AWR) Program, with joint sponsorship from the NASA Aviation Safety Program (AvSP). This
paper describes integrated methods of diagnosing and forecasting aviation weather hazards using ‘fuzzy logic’ or expert
system framework techniques, and the current status of operational transition of these revolutionary new products. It will also
describe methods of getting the most current weather information to the end user, including data link and real-time display
in the cockpit. Since these new products are four-dimensional, unique display concepts for the end user will also be covered.
Finally, issues relating to how these new products can provide decision support to air traffic managers are identified.
Author
Weather Forecasting; Air Traffıc Control; Aircraft Safety; Expert Systems; Real Time Operation; Turbulence; Ice Formation;
Flight Safety
8

20060002321 SENSIS Corp., Dewitt, NY, USA
Range Enhancement to Wide Area Multilateration Processing
Beyer, Jeffrey; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 28 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Traditional multilateration systems use a constellation of sensors to receive a single aircraft transmission and calculate a
very accurate position estimate using Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) techniques. Geometric Dilution of Precision
(GDOP) is a measure of the target localization precision that can be obtained from a constellation of sensors using TDOA
processing. The GDOP associated with target localization within the boundary of a constellation of sensors is relatively small
and constant. As a target moves outside the constellation of sensors, the GDOP increases rapidly as the ratio of target range
to system baseline (distance between sensors) becomes large, rendering target localization impractical a relatively short
distance outside a sensor constellation. Recent research has yielded enhancements in multilateration processing techniques to
reduce the GDOP outside a constellation of sensors significantly improving the quality of surveillance. This paper
demonstrates how the enhancements in multilateration processing techniques which reduce the distribution of sensors required
to provide multilateration surveillance over a wide area. In addition, the positional accuracy of a developmental wide area
multilateration system with the enhancement is compared to the positional accuracy of traditional TDOA processing
techniques.
Author
Computerized Simulation; Systems Engineering; Data Processing; Tracking (Position)
20060002323 Microflight, Inc., USA
Airborne Internet Consortium Forum
Meer, James; Yost, Ralph; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 3 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations;
No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The goals and objectives of this workshop are: 1) Review the ICNS Conference and AI Session; 2) Gain feedback from
participants; and 3) Seek participant observations about the AI Consortium and Public/Private Partnership.
Derived from text
Internets; Organizations; Air Traffıc Control
20060002327 Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC, USA
Departure Exclusion Zone (DEZ) - a Future Concept to Enhance Runway Operations Using Aircraft Derived Data
Primeggia, Carmine; Hodgkins, Philip D.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 29 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
This paper highlights a concept for a Departure Exclusion Zone tool (DEZ). Wake turbulence accidents and incidents have
been, and continue to be, a significant contributor to the worldwide safety statistics. The National Transportation Safety Board
(NTSB) has raised concern over ‘the adequacy of air traffic control procedures’ and ‘pilot knowledge related to the avoidance
of wake vortices.’ The safety concern of wake vortices, particularly when lighter aircraft are following heavy aircrafts, has
caused the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to enact minimum separation requirements during the arrival and departure
phases of flight. The wake-turbulence separation criteria, while necessary, are currently a limiting factor in several airport
capacities. Current air traffic control procedures on vortex has focused on aircraft separations 2.5 miles at some facilities on
arrival to airports, but in many cases, the departure queues for certain runways are more severely limiting to airport capacity
than are arrival constraints. This paper examines the technical requirements for a system that relieves the departure constraints
enhancing the efficiency of runway operations. The proposed system uses the Flight Management System (FMS)/autopilot to
establish tracks that avoid the wake of the preceding aircraft. The Europeans are mandating Downlink of Aircraft Parameters
(DAP) of certain aircraft flight data parameters that make it possible to add the elements needed to calculate the wake
characteristics of any model aircraft. These additional parameters are called extended DAP ( eDAP). Given that an aircraft can
provide meteorological (wind, temperature and air density) and state data (model, speed, weight, etc), the wake vortices can
be calculated with sufficient accuracy to develop individual departure routes (tracks) for each aircraft to avoid the wake of the
9

preceding aircraft. The proposed DEZ system acquires the aircraft data, calculates the exclusion zone for each aircraft and
provides the results to the controller’s display and to the cockpit.
Author
Runways; Air Traffıc Control; Air Transportation
04
AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION
Includes all modes of communication with and between aircraft; air navigation systems (satellite and ground based); and air traffic
control. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation; 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft
Communications, Command and Tracking; and 32 Communications and Radar.
20060001704 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft Communication Systems
Rodriquez, Jeffrey J.; Lim, Jae S.; Singer, Elliot; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 6.1.1-6.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-K-0028; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In many military environments, such as fighter jet cockpits, the increasing use of digital communication systems has
created a need for robust vocoders and speech recognition systems. However, the high level of ambient noise in such
environments makes vocoders less intelligible and makes reliable speech recognition more difficult. One method of enhancing
the noise-corrupted speech is adaptive noise cancellation. In previous research, this method was tested in a simulated cockpit
environment, yielding impressive results. However, in new simulations, reflecting more realistic conditions, adaptive noise
cancellation has been less successful. Spectral analysis of the data showed that the diffuseness of the ambient noise field, along
with the microphone characteristics, has a significant effect on the performance of adaptive noise cancellation.
Author
Cockpits; Noise Reduction; Aircraft Communication; Vocoders
20060002047 Civil Aerospace Medical Inst., Oklahoma City, OK, USA
Relationship of Air Traffic Control Specialist Age to En Route Operational Errors
Schroeder, Broach D.; December 2005; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FAA-BHRR523
Report No.(s): DOTIFAA/AM-05/22; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Public Law 92-297, passed in 1971, requires that air traffic specialists (ATCSs) hired after May 16, 1972 retire at age 56.
The underlying rationale was that as controllers aged, the cumulative effects of stress, fatigue (from shift work), and
age-related cognitive changes created a safety risk. (U.S. House of Representatives , 1971). This hypothesis has been
considered in two recent studies en route operational errors. (OEs). The Center fo Naval Analyses (CNA, 1995) found no
relationship between controller age and OEs. (Broach (1999) reported that the probability of involvement on an OE increased
with age.The purpose of this study was to re-examine the hypothesis that controller age, controlling for experience, was related
to OEs. En route OE records (3,054) were matched with non-supervisory ATCS staffing records for the period (FY1997-2003.
Poisson regression was used to model OE count as function of the explanatory variables age and experience using the SPSS(R)
version 11.5 General Loglinear (GENLOG) procedure. Overall, the Poisson regression model fit the data poorly (Likelihood
Ratio 2 = 283.81, p \h .001). The Generalized Log Odds Ratio was used to estimate the odds ration for age. The odds of OE
involvement for older controllers (GE age 56) were 1.02 time greater than the odds for younger (LE age 55) controller, with
a 95% confidence interval of 0.42 to 1.64. This range of odds indicated that neither age group was less or more likely than
th other to be involved in an OE, controlling for experience. The analysis suggest that the original rational for the mandatory
retirement of controllers may need to be re-examined. Additional research on age and ATCS performance is recommended.
Author
Air Traffıc Control; Air Traffıc; Age Factor; Safety
20060002235 Airborne Internet Consortium, San Francisco, CA, USA
Airborne Internet Consortium Background
Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop;
November 2005, pp. 1-9; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
10

This viewgraph presentation discusses the role of AIC which is to develop networks & networking standards for use in
aviation that define methods, means and services for the transport of data, including quality and security.
CASI
Internets; Organizations; Civil Aviation; Communication Networks
20060002249 Graz Univ., Austria
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
Hofbauer, Konrad; Hering, Horst; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-30; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
The air/ground voice communication between air tra c controller and aircraft does not provide any means of automatic
speaker identification and is therefore susceptible to call sign confusion and originator ambiguity. In the near future the
analogue VHF radio will not disappear from avionic communications. With an add-on to the analogue radio it is possible to
automatically detect the originator of a voice message. Watermarking allows the embedding of an identification into the voice
signal. The tag is ideally not audible to the human listener, but is for an electronic system clearly detectable. Requirements
on the system are driven by functionality and deployment constraints. The reviewed in-band modem system is in our opinion
not fully compatible to the legacy radio infrastructure. The spread spectrum watermarking approach shows room for
improvements in functionality and capacity. With informed embedding and known host state algorithms a new trend in
watermarking promises large capacity increases.
Author
Radio Communication; Very High Frequencies; Avionics; Analogs; Pulse Communication
20060002250 United Air Lines, Inc., USA
The New Future Needs for CNS-ATM: An Airline Perspective
Burns, Joe; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 47 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
This is a presentation that points out US future airspace plans agenda. Topics include CNS-ATM plans on
communications, navigation surveillance, air traffic management, safety and security. The report also discusses RNAV routes
which are critical to reduce voice and airspace congestion, the recommendation of immediate development and
implementation of RNP/RNAV routes in terminal environment, and that routes should be non-sensor specific, allowing the
most aircraft to participate.
Derived from text
Air Traffıc Control; Central Nervous System; Routes; Telecommunication
20060002253 United Air Lines, Inc., Denver, CO, USA
Implementing the Electronic Flight Bag
Burns, Joe; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 21 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The topics include: 1) Communications: Weather information; 2) AWIN weather on Honeywell WINN Display; 3)
Runway Incursion prevention: Final Approach, Runway and Taxiway Occupancy Awareness; 4) UAL/FAA Surface Moving
Map Test; 5) AWC-produced Turbulence plot (altitude normalized); 6) ACARS Paper print vs. EFB; 7) Cabin Surveillance
Phase 1 B747 FO Display Position; 8) Cabin Surveillance Phase 1 - Wireless Portable Display; 9) B747-400 Cabin
Surveillance Phase 2 Evaluation System; 10) AirNet Conceptual Applications; 11) Air_Net Architecture; 12) AirNet Phase 1;
13) AirNet Phase 2; 14) AIR_ NET Block components; 15) United s Air_Net process; and 16) Moving Forward
CASI
NASA Programs; Weather; Civil Aviation; Aircraft Communication; Electronics
20060002254 Helios, Inc., USA
A Logical Architecture for Future Avionics
Ravenhill, Paul; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
11

Workshop; November 2005; 31 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The Eurocontrol Agency is developing a Logical Architecture for Air Traffic Management (ATM) in 2011 under the
auspices of the Overall ATM/CNS Target Architecture (OATA) Project. This paper considers the avionics module of OATA
and by reviewing the interactions between the avionics module and the OATA modules, draws conclusions on the future
requirements for air-ground datalink applications. In particular the paper: 1) Introduces the OATA project and the key elements
of the Eurocontrol Operational Concept; 2) Describes the key elements of the 2007, 2011 and 2020 epochs as described in
the Boeing Study Report on Future Avionics Systems; 3) Describe the OATA Avionics Module in terms of its sub-modules
and provided services; 4) Presents an analysis of the air-ground interactions required by the OATA Model; and 5) Proposes
new air-ground datalink applications required by future concepts.
Derived from text
Air Traffıc Control; Avionics; Systems Engineering
20060002257 Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, MD, USA
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
Buhrman, Wayne C.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference
and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-23; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) has performed systems engineering and architecture
definition for the NASA WINCOMM program to support data transfer of on-board aircraft weather sensor data and
dissemination of weather information to aircraft in collaboration with the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC). The
Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) system is designed to collect meteorological data onboard
aircraft in flight and broadcast the data to ground systems and airborne users primarily in an attempt to improve the data used
in forecasting models and to provide real-time hazard alerts. The TAMDAR system is being targeted for deployment on
General Aviation (GA) aircraft, which will augment current meteorological observations, especially at lower altitudes and
during off-peak times. This work has identified the changes necessary to avionics and ground infrastructure equipment
operating on the Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) datalink to support this data transfer and dissemination. This paper
details the architecture implemented, message types and formats as well as the system data flow. Additionally, the changes
implemented to the ADS-B equipment will be discussed along with the testing methodology used to validate the architecture.
Author
General Aviation Aircraft; Avionics; Transmitter Receivers; Ground Support Equipment; Meteorological Parameters; Data
Links; Data Systems; Forecasting; Information Flow
20060002259 Computer Networks and Software, Inc., Springfield, VA, USA
Evaluation of IPv6 Services for Future Aviation Networks
Kumar, Anil; Bhat, Aniket; Khanna, Mau; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 27 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color and
black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as
part of the entire parent document
Today’s Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN), which is based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
protocol standard, is lagging behind in technology as there is lack of support for it from the industry. This aspect of ATN brings
about cost and upgrade related issues. These issues have motivated the aviation industry to consider the next generation
networking standard i.e. IPv6 as a possible means for ATN communications With the possible advent of IPv6 various services
and issues arise, which needs to be considered. This paper describes some of these services and issues based on tests carried
out on an IPvi6 testbed setup at CNS, Inc. with collaboration from NASA-GRC and Eurocontrol.
Author
Aircraft Industry; Telecommunication; Networks
20060002274 SITA, Springfield, VA, USA
SITA AIRCOM Datalink Implementation Status
Kearns, Kathleen; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 20 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
12

The use of Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) data link for AOC and ATS continues
to grow. This has also led to the implementation of the next generation VHF Digital Link Mode 2 (VDL Mode 2), to provide
additional capacity and increased data rate, and the Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN). ACARS is essentially
used gate-togate for both AOC and ATS applications. Current ATS datalink implementations that are implemented in many
locations worldwide include digital-Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS), pre-Departure Clearance (PDC),
departure clearance (DCL), oceanic clearance (OCL), FANS-1/A Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) and
Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS), and the Centralized FMC Waypoint Reporting System (CFRS) service. In addition,
ATN CPDLC is currently implemented in the Maastricht UACC and will be expanding to other European Airspace under the
Eurocontrol Link2000+ program. Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is also being implemented in
various regions around the world.
Author
Data Links; Aircraft Communication; Satellite Communication; Telecommunication
20060002275 AirNav, LLC, Morganville, NJ, USA
An Integrated Global CNS System
Crow, Robert; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-27; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Civil aviation has an urgent need for an advanced communication, navigation and surveillance (CNS) system. It should
include the related functions of precision landing guidance, collision warning/avoidance and high speed data linking, and have
global capabilities. When the air traffic limitations at O’Hare airport, and the resulting delays are considered, with many other
major airports in near similar situations, it is clear that certain advanced technologies can greatly reduce these traffic
limitations. It is also clear that such improvements for civil aviation could be used now, not just in 2015 or 2020. It is now
being recognized by much of the government and aviation industry that augmented GPS, even with our 60 year-old CNS
ground-based facilities as backup for wide area GPS signal jamming, will never have the capabilities needed for civil aviation
in the coming decades. GPS is an excellent global navigation system and has innumerable civil as well as military applications,
but it has a poor system architecture for civil aviation. That is, it can provide only one of the three needed CNS functions.
A look ahead has been started by the Joint Planning and Development Office in the FAA, but as yet it has no conception of
the type of system needed.
Author
Airports; Central Nervous System; Global Positioning System; Air Traffıc
20060002282 Mitre Corp., USA
Safe Flight 21 Implementing Broadcast Services
Strain, Robert C.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-13; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
In March 2003, the Federal Aviation Administration s Safe Flight 21 (SF-21) Program Office drafted a plan for providing
broadcast services along the East Coast of the USA from Florida to New Jersey. A year later, on April 12th 2004, the program
achieved an important milestone by providing operational broadcast services (i.e., ADSB, TIS-B and FIS-B) within the central
Florida region. Today there are 27 ADS-B ground stations installed, certified ADS-B avionics are available and the system is
continuing to evolve. Building on the initial successes, the SF21 effort will continue to deploy ground stations at locations
along the East Coast, in Prescott, Arizona, in North Dakota and several other states expressing interest in participating. In
addition to the ground stations, the system currently interfaces with approximately 50 radars and additional feeds are planned
as the system migrates to new regions across the USA. This presentation will review the current status of the Broadcast
Services System and provide an overview of its capabilities and features.
Author
Avionics; Systems Engineering; Tracking (Position)
13

20060002288 Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, MD, USA
Communications Technology for Improved Aviation Security
Farroha, B.; Resch, C.; Stoneburner, G.; Preziotti, G.; Nichols, R.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications,
Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 28 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231;
Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only
as part of the entire parent document
In the post-9/11 environment, enhanced aviation security is a critical issue for the nation and one that requires the
development and use of a range of new technologies. Communications in particular is an enabling technology that can be used
to respond to the requirements of newly emerging types of security needs. For example, the dissemination of onboard video
feeds could provide an indication of the situation on an aircraft. This paper explores some of these concepts, a systems
engineering process that would be used for their development, and technology development considerations.
Author
Aircraft Communication; Technologies; Civil Aviation; Security
20060002290 European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation, Brussels, Belgium
CPDLC and ADS-B in Europe: Alive and Kicking
Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop;
November 2005; 19 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
This presentation discusses the main benefits that the CPDLC avionics package brings for air navigation service providers
and for airlines such as increased capacity (decreased controller workload per aircraft, cost avoidance compared to traditional
means of increasing capacity (more efficient controllers....avoiding the need for the introduction of new sections), increased
airspace capacity, efficiency gains translated into lower unit rates. The CPDLC avionics package also brings; support for AOC
services via AOA/VDLM2 and/or ACARS and legacy airport services via AOA/VDLM2 and/or ACARS (DCL, D-ATIS,
DSC). The presentation also focuses on the ground surveillance applications of ADS-B in a radar and non-radar environment,
on the airport surface and on airborne derived data. The ADS-B brings benefits such as; quality surveillance in a cost effective
way, improved situational awareness in the cockpit and opportunities to delegate some ATC tasks to pilots.
Derived from text
Air Traffıc Control; Avionics; Civil Aviation; Surveillance; Commercial Aircraft; Air Navigation
20060002297 Architecture Technology Corp., Eden Prairie, MN, USA
CompreX: XML Compression and the Airborne Internet
Swanson, Krk J.; Judt, Jason; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 24 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W15P7T-04-P-A201; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
As the Airborne Internet moves towards implementation, the physical limitations of the airborne environment will become
a significant issue. While landbased network applications benefit from nearly unlimited bandwidth, near-zero transmission
latencies, and potentially unlimited computational power, airborne resources are limited in all three of these areas. In order
to move the development of the Airborne Internet forward so that it will become a viable reality, solutions to these limitations
must be explored and developed. A current vision of the Airborne Internet involves the use of Extensible Markup Language
(XML) Web Services. XML provides the fundamental building blocks to move information across the distributed computing
environment of the Internet, offering platform and device independence to users. The difficulty with XML when applied to the
airborne environment is that, by its very nature of interoperability, it is a very verbose language both in number of messages
sent/received and in the textual content of each message. It is not uncommon for an XML message to be three to ten times
larger than the raw data from which it is spawned. In the limited bandwidth, high-latency environment on board an aircraft,
XML s very strengths can become its weaknesses. As part of a U.S. Army Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR)
program, Architecture Technology Corporation (ATC) has been involved in ground-breaking research in the compression of
XML. ATC has developed a staged approach to XML compression, collectively called CompreX, which was studied in a
highly successful Phase I SBIR program. As part of an ongoing Phase II SBIR program, ATC s current approach to CompreX
includes the exploration and tuning of a compression algorithm optimized for the XML environment, a binary encoder, a
process involving schema-based compression, and a process called Inter-Document Redundancy Compression.
Author
Document Markup Languages; Internets; Algorithms; Data Compression
14

20060002300 Boeing Phantom Works, USA
System Wide Information Management Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for Common Messaging
Comitz, Paul; Hung, Josh; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 26 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations;
No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Boeing Advanced Air Traffic Management is working on System Wide Information Management (SWIM) with the FAA
and a team from government and industry on the Federal Aviation Administration’s Global Communication, Navigation , and
Surveillance System (GCNSS) program. A significant part of this work is a prototype implementation of a service oriented
information management system. The prototype features a common grammar for platform independent messaging. Messages
are realized through the aggregation of fundamental elements of the grammar. Fundamental elements are managed through the
use of a network accessible schema registry . Common messaging will be used to realize a service bus environment for the
aeronautical domain. This ‘unified domain’ concept will feature examples of surveillance, weather, flight plan, and other
relevant aeronautical transactions. The prototype is expected to be available in the summer of 2005.
Author
Information Management; Messages; Air Traffıc Control; Surveillance; Navigation; Flight Plans
20060002301 Lockheed Martin Corp., Rockville, MD, USA
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via SWIM
Dehn, Jon; Rudolph, Sid; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 24 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color and black and
white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the
entire parent document
The System Wide Information Management (SWIM) infrastructure being discussed in working groups and research
contracts will provide a powerful mechanism to get National Airspace System (NAS) information to clients that previously
had either no access or limited access through individual, unique interfaces. Flight data is one such type of information, and
one that has the potential for enabling productivity improvements and new functionality that was previously not possible. The
effective sharing of flight data: 1) can provide enhanced common situational awareness and therefore true collaborative
decision making, 2) can provide additional information to Homeland Security (HLS) organizations that enhance their ability
to identify potential threats, 3) can be the basis for international harmonization efforts, and 4) can enhance or extend NAS
functions, such as distributing control functions between ground systems and the airplane, or providing more accurate traffic
flow management functions. However, there are several aspects of flight data that provide challenges to the true system wide
sharing of that data. Some of these are unique to flight data, some are true of other types of data such as aeronautical data and
weather data. This paper will discuss various aspects of flight information that need to be discussed before an effective sharing
mechanism can be created.
Derived from text
Situational Awareness; National Airspace System; Information Management; Decision Making; Flow Distribution
20060002304 Federal Aviation Administration, USA
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Enables an Agile National Airspace System - SWIM Provides the Pipeline
Services
Hung, Joshua; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-18; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
This paper discusses what, why and how SOA will make the future NAS more agile. It will discuss the avenues opening
for a total transformation of the NAS. The roads of transformation are depending on creation of dynamic services. New service
can be created by composing with a combination of new and old services. Services can be accessed independent of location.
SOA will provide the agility in sharing information and application services. Finally this paper will prove that SOA can reduce
both the F&E and O&M costs.
Author
National Airspace System; Systems Engineering; Air Traffıc Control; Information Management; Weather
20060002306 Boeing Aerospace Co., USA
The Business Case for SWIM
Glickman, Steve; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
15

Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-19; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The Global Communications Navigation and Surveillance System Phase II team is conducting an investment analysis for
Systems Wide Information Management (SWIM) for the FA, under the GCNSS Phase II contract. This paper will describe
both the methodology being used to evaluate the business case and strategy for SWIM as well as the strategies being
considered and the most promising strategies identified to date. The business case for SWIM may seem easy to close at first
glance. Certainly a systemwide approach to sharing information provides significant economies of scale to any company or
institution that can achieve that standard. But the cost to move from the current information stovepipes in the FAA (indeed
in any organization) to SWIM can be significant. In addition, the initial transitions to SWIM, publishing existing data through
SWIM s publish-subscribe mechanisms, will result in cost only and arguably no direct benefit. Compounding the problem, the
FAA has seen its budget cut in the last year. The FAA can t afford a large investment and needs to see return on its investment
quickly in order to justify the investment at this time. SWIM suffers from its scope, both economically and politically: 1)
Economically, SWIM is trying to close a business case for more FAA hardware and software without imposing any direct
change on FAA operations. This contradicts the logic expounded by re-engineering champions several years ago that
automating processes without changing them provides little benefit. 2) Politically, SWIM requires participating application
owners to give up some of their control by adhering to SWIM standards and using SWIM infrastructure in their architecture.
Derived from text
Information Management; Surveillance; Systems Management; Cost Effectiveness; Telecommunication; Navigation;
Computer Programs
20060002310 Societe International de Telecommunications Aeronautiques, London, UK
ATC Com Upgrades-Designing to Satisfy Airline Business Case for Avionics
Clinch, Philip; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 12 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
SITA was set up by the airlines in 1949 to deploy a global data ‘internet’ providing cross border service long before
telecom deregulation. SITA ‘club’ now includes over 500 airlines including US airlines that fly internationally. Core is still
terrestrial data com for passenger reservations and airline operations. SITA name is French acronym for ‘International
Aeronautical Telecommunications Organization’. AIRCOM VHF was added around 1980 when aircraft started getting data
link. AIRCOM satellite using Inmarsat was added in 1990. Airlines have long used SITA ground network to exchange flight
plans, Notam’s, weather with ATC. Aircraft now use SITA AIRCOM for ATC data link applications. This presentation
concludes that aircraft data communications systems that have been successful were all designed by industry. ATC has begun
implementation of data link using the ACARS system and the Inmarsat satellites. VDL3 ended up being much too hard
compared to ‘simple’ split of VHF analog channels to 8.33 kHz. Aircraft communications systems are becoming ever more
complex and support many applications. ATC community must decide in this age of outsourcing if it should really go on
designing aircraft com links. The presentation asks the question could ATC just define performance/capacity needs, leaving
industry to develop the required communications links and convince the airlines to install the necessary avionics?
Derived from text
Avionics; Communication Networks; Civil Aviation
20060002312 Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, MD, USA
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software Use for Weather Information
Communication (WINCOMM)Project
Spriesterbach, Thomas; Giguere, Stephen; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 25 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) has developed software that can easily incorporate
data from various sources and protocols into a versatile analysis and display tool. This engineering tool, the Comprehensive
Analysis of Real-time Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) software, was developed for the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA). One of its functions has been to assist in the certification and performance evaluation of the Ground Broadcast
Transceivers (GBTs) composing the Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) network. The software
incorporates a number of sophisticated metrics for analysis of collected data, either in real-time or in a ‘store and playback’
mode. Additionally, the software has been used to monitor aircraft and engineering information at remote locations. NASA
16

s WINCOMM Project has used the CRABS tool, shown in Figure 1, to provide a platform for data recording, display, and
analysis of the Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) information in a bench test environment.
Using a laptop computer the CRABS software was able connect to an ADS-B avionics suite and graphically display reported
position data and TAMDAR information passed over the ADS-B data link, as well as display graphical Next Generation
Weather RADAR (NEXRAD) data and selected text weather products. In the future the CRABS software will be used to
provide an easily configured display for prototypes of additional weather products that may be transmitted on the ADS-B data
link.
Derived from text
Computer Systems Programs; Broadcasting; Real Time Operation; Meteorological Radar; Meteorological Parameters; Radar
Data; Data Recording; Data Links; Avionics; Transmitter Receivers
20060002313 George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA, USA
A 4D Flight Profile Server and Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects: Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the NAS
Klein, Alexander; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 23 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
We present a concept for a NAS-wide high-performance server providing up-to-the-minute information on predicted 4D
flight profiles (4DFP s) for all aircraft in the NAS, both airborne and those still on ground. The 4D information on significant
weather objects, such as convective weather cells, is also provided by the server and is ‘fuzzy’ (probability based). The server
facilitates instantaneous traffic forecasting, combined with weather forecasting, for predictive management of traffic flows both
NAS-wide and at major local facilities. The data on the server is shared and used by both traffic flow management and airline
operations centers. This common, rapid-access database features asynchronous operation: a variety of authorized tools and
applications are able to access the data, update or add 4D flight and weather information, calculate reroutes etc at any time.
Each time, the updated information becomes immediately available to all users. One possible way of using this capability is
fast-forwarding, or ‘nowcasting’, whereby the user can project the traffic and weather situation ahead, perhaps up to two hours
ahead, in seconds, and can view the traffic/weather animation on the screen. These tools would be parts of a Common Core
data- and toolset shared by air navigation service providers and NAS users. Potential benefits include improved productivity,
reduced delays and less extra miles flown.
Author
Air Navigation; Flight Paths; Probability Theory; Predictions; Flow Distribution; Data Bases; Forecasting
20060002319 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN, USA
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired Airborne Network Connectivity
Zhao, Yiyuan J.; Wang, Yang; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 18 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations;
No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Airborne networks are special types of ad hoc wireless networks that can be used on air vehicles, moving platforms, and
ground stations to enhance situational awareness, coordination, and efficiency. This is achieved through the exchange of state
information among individual vehicles in a timely, reliable, and secure fashion. In commercial aircraft operation, for example,
it is essential for pilots and/or ground controllers to maintain a high level of situational awareness of neighboring traffic. The
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) concept has emerged as a feasible and low-cost system for such
purposes. In ADS-B, an aircraft automatically broadcasts its position, velocity, and other information on a regular basis (every
one second or so) via a digital data link. All properly equipped aircraft within a certain range can receive this information.
Because an aircraft only broadcasts its own state information periodically, however, the current ADS-B concept is essentially
a single-node operation scheme and its range is limited to the direct transmission range of the airborne antenna. In order to
increase the transmission range, a network extension of the ADS-B concept was proposed, in which individual aircraft not only
broadcast their own state information, but also relay received information of other aircraft; thus forming a multi-hop
broadcasting system. This airborne network is shown to be able to greatly enhance the range of reach-ability of aircraft state
information transmission. The current paper extends the multi-hop airborne network concept to allow for individual vehicles
to adjust their broadcast ranges in order to establish network connectivity over a specified safety region needed for
airborne-based self separation. In this concept, a desired safety region is first defined for a given cluster of aircraft. Each
17

aircraft would then vary its broadcast power properly to ensure the connectivity of the airborne network cluster, as shown in
Figure 1.
Author
Broadcasting; Aircraft Antennas; Data Transmission; Digital Data; Controllers; Ground Stations; Surveillance; Data Links
20060002322 Raytheon Co., Marlborough, MA, USA
Short Range Surveillance Link for Close Proximity Navigation During Closely Spaced Parallel Approach
Reddy, Pavan; Miller, Mary Ellen; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-21; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
Raytheon has developed the Terminal Area Capacity Enhancement Concept (TACEC) for the Virtual Airspace Modeling
and Simulation (VAMS) Project in an effort towards meeting future NAS capacity needs. TACEC envisions increasing
terminal area capacity by enabling simultaneous landings and takeoffs on closely spaced parallel runways by employing 4-D
guidance. Implementing this requires highly automated guidance, scheduling systems, highly accurate on-board navigation
systems, improved surveillance, and low latency data links. Work done during the Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation
(VAMS) Project has established many of the requirements of the guidance and scheduling systems during the various stages
of approach and landing. Previous studies have shown that due to the close proximity of the aircrafts during final approach
in closely spaced parallel approach scenarios IFR navigation will have to be highly accurate and in addition the aircrafts will
need to be equipped with a surveillance system that is capable of rapidly detecting small flight path deviations of the
neighboring aircraft. Current surveillance aids are incapable of meeting the surveillance requirements of close proximity IFR
navigation. Satellite based Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) that are planned for the future are effective
means of enabling self separation and providing collision avoidance capability, especially in situations where radar coverage
is unavailable, however the low update rate and the inability to provide aircraft roll information makes ADS-B unsuitable for
usage in close proximity IFR navigation. This paper investigates the possibility of both enhancing existing technologies such
as ADS-B and developing a new system that can meet the short range surveillance requirements for close proximity aircraft
navigation. One of the possibilities that exists, is to provide a short range data link between paired aircrafts. Such a link could
greatly aid close proximity navigation by providing augmented situational awareness. Unlike the Mode S or Universal Access
Transponder (UAT) data links that ADS-B uses, or even any of the VHF Data Link Modes, the broadcast range necessary for
such a link is limited to the separation distance between the paired neighboring aircrafts, and therefore such a point-to-point
data link can be developed without any need for ground infrastructure. In order to implement a short range point to point data
link, a variety of existing media access protocols and modulation techniques can be used, which this paper investigates.
Author
Data Links; Navigation; Surveillance; Automatic Control; Air Transportation
20060002328 SENSIS Corp., Dewitt, NY, USA
Applications of a Surveillance Database and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data
Reimmlard, Scott A.; Berkebile, Greg A.; Pittman, Todd S.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation,
and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 28 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original
contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part
of the entire parent document
The 84 RADES/Sensis surveillance data monitoring and analysis system brings nationwide surveillance data together to
provide unprecedented, comprehensive views sensor performance and the surveillance air picture. The key components
required in such a system are: Centralized, flexible data distribution. Adequate storage to archive surveillance data for years
at a time. Applications designed to aggregate and present the plot data and the analysis data in a convenient, efficient, intuitive
format. Single-sensor tracking to aid in clutter and false-target analysis. Additionally, the following components contribute to
the system s usefulness: Multi-sensor track fusion for comparative analysis. Remote access for anytime, anywhere visibility
into NAS sensor performance. Remote hardware control and configuration tools. Although NAS-wide deployment for the FAA
and DoD of this surveillance database and server may be more complex and costly than the RADES system, the operational
benefits achieved with the new paradigm will be profound: Storage of all the sensor plot and track data for every sensor in
the NAS provides an unprecedented resource to researchers looking to analyze air traffic patterns, investigate specific air
18

incidents, study air traffic control process improvement, validate the current U.S. air defense posture and, conceivably, many
more applications.
Derived from text
Surveillance; Data Bases; Data Processing; Images; Remote Control
05
AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
Includes all stages of design of aircraft and aircraft structures and systems. Also includes aircraft testing, performance and evaluation,
and aircraft and flight simulation technology. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance and 39
Structural Mechanics. For land transportation vehicles see 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.
20060001710 Southampton Univ., UK
Practical Adaptive Noise Reduction in the Aircraft Cockpit Environment
Powell, G. A.; Darlington, P.; Wheeler, P. D.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 6.2.1-6.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): A94B/3594; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents some preliminary results from adaptive noise cancellation experiments performed in a fighter aircraft
cockpit simulator. The sound field and noise levels used in the experiment were very much more realistic than those used in
previously reported experiments and the adaptive noise cancellation was performed in real time, using man mountable, Texas
instruments TMS 320 based hardware. The results confirm earlier assertions and indicate that generally, software and ‘off line’
simulations have yielded optimistic results.
Author
Cockpit Simulators; Fighter Aircraft; Noise Reduction
20060001770 Northrop Grumman Corp., El Segundo, CA USA
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment Flight Test Program. Delivery Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
Pawlowski, Joseph W.; Graham, David H.; Boccadoro, Charles H.; Coen, Peter G.; Maglieri, Domenic J.; Jan. 1, 2005; 41 pp.;
In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-00-D-3054-0021; Proj-A03T
Report No.(s): AD-A440153; AFRL-VA-WP-TP-2005-300; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The goal of the DARPA Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration (SSBD) Program was to demonstrate for the first time in
flight that sonic booms can be substantially reduced by incorporating specialized aircraft shaping techniques. Although
mitigation of the sonic boom via specialized shaping techniques was theorized decades ago, until now this theory had never
been tested with a flight vehicle subjected to actual flight conditions in a real atmosphere. The demonstrative success, which
occurred on 27 August 2003 with repeat flights in the supersonic corridor at Edwards Air Force Base, is a critical milestone
in the development of next-generation supersonic aircraft that could one day fly unrestricted over land and help usher in a new
era of time-critical air transport. Pressure measurements obtained on the ground and in the air confirmed that the specific
modifications made to a Northrop Grumman F-5E aircraft not only changed the shape of the shock wave signature emanating
from the aircraft, but also produced a ‘flat-top’ signature whose shape persisted, as predicted, as the pressure waves propagated
through the atmosphere to the ground. This accomplishment represents a major advance towards reducing the startling and
potentially damaging noise of a sonic boom. This paper describes the evolution of the SSBD program, including the rationale
for test article selection, and provides an overview of the history-making accomplishments achieved during the SSBD effort,
as well as the follow-on AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment (SSBE) Program, whose goal was to further evaluate
the characteristics and robustness of shaped boom signatures. The report includes 23 briefing charts that summarize its content.
DTIC
Acoustic Properties; Flight Tests; Noise Reduction; Shapes; Signatures; Sonic Booms; Supersonic Aircraft
19

20060001772 Northrop Grumman Corp., El Segundo, CA USA
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program (AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction of Manufacturing Tolerances
for Laminar Flow
Drake, Aaron; Bender, Anne M.; Solomon, William D., Jr.; Vavra, Andrea J.; Jun. 1, 2005; 290 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-00-D-3054-0020; Proj-A071
Report No.(s): AD-A440161; AFRL-VA-WP-TR-2005-3060; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
An examination of the effects of surface excrescences on boundary layer transition has been performed, including both
experimental and computational components. The experimental study focused on stagnation-line starting condition boundary
layers in incompressible flow without sweep effects. The study was performed at low-Reynolds number-less than 106-and
included the effects of both adverse and favorable pressure gradients. The results for both forward and aft-facing steps indicate
a substantial stabilizing effect of favorable pressure gradient on excrescence-induced boundary layer transition. These findings
suggest that manufacturing tolerances for laminar flow aircraft could be loosened in areas where even mild favorable pressure
gradients exist. The present study, due to its limited scope, does not provide sufficient basis for setting actual manufacturing
tolerances; however, it provides a solid foundation on which follow-on examinations including compressibility effects can be
built.
DTIC
Aircraft; Laminar Flow; Manufacturing; Wings
20060001840 Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards AFB, CA USA
Limited Characterization of the SPADS Radar System, Project ‘START’
Roessig, Keith M.; Kearl, Leonard C.; Carazo, Oscar; Ferreri, Francesco; Jun. 1, 2005; 63 pp.; In English; Original contains
color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440351; AFFTC-TIM-05-02; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy
The USAF Test Pilot School conducted flight tests to characterize the Weibel-manufactured Spaceport Arrival and
Departure System (SPADS) radar functionality and performance for potential use as a single-station time-space-position
information (TSPI) source. TSPI truth source data was measured with Advanced Range Data System (ARDS) pods for aircraft
tracking, cinetheodolites for munition trajectory tracking and video bomb scoring (VBS) for bomb impact predictions.
DTIC
Aircraft; Impact Prediction; Radar
20060001867 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric Features and Turbulence Using Advanced Models and Adaptive
Algorithms
McRae, D. S.; Xiao, Xudong; Hassan, Hassan A.; Feb. 16, 2005; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8718-04-C-0019
Report No.(s): AD-A440414; AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2005-1106; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Development of the North Carolina State University (NCSU) adaptive high-resolution atmospheric model and the
atmospheric version of the NCSU k-zeta turbulence model continued during this contract period. The boundary condition
implementation at the lateral boundaries was changed to radiative type to better preserve fixed condition boundary values. A
sponge layer condition was installed at the upper boundary. The solution redistribution algorithm after mesh adaptation was
changed to a weighted essentially non-oscillatory algorithms in order to improve accuracy. Basic development of the
turbulence model was completed and the equations are included herein. The full turbulence model was included in the code
and 3-D runs were initiated to begin comparison with observation and other codes. A widely used generic 2-D windstorm case
was used for confirmation and verification of the changes. initial results demonstrated the breakdown of shear layers into clear
air turbulence of sufficient severity to produce 1-g vertical accelerations for aircraft.
DTIC
Algorithms; Atmospheric Models; Atmospheric Turbulence; Clear Air Turbulence; Simulation
20060001883 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Experimental Investigation of a Lift Augmented Ground Effect Platform
Igue, Roberto T.; Sep. 1, 2005; 108 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440437; AFIT/GAE/ENY/05-S04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
20

This experimental study investigated the feasibility of applying the concept of a skirtless hovercraft into the production
of an operational vehicle. A 0.255 m diameter prototype was designed, built and tested. An air bearing table was used as a
testing platform, virtually eliminating the influence of friction and providing one degree of freedom for the experiments. Static
tests were performed at various heights and craft configurations, providing a wide range of data for comparison. Lift, torque
and efficiency were measured and calculated for each setting. Pressure and velocity information was also collected at specific
points around the craft when operating at different heights above ground. The results indicate a significant increase in total
lift and efficiency when operating the model at close to the ground heights, in ground effect, compared to the lift produced
by the propeller and motor alone. Even more significant changes were found when comparing the in ground effect results with
the out of ground effect values of lift and efficiency. The study also investigated the use of Coanda nozzles on the peripheral
region of the craft, and found them to be less efficient than straight nozzles with similar size and flow rates. Comparisons
between the experimental results and previous computational fluid dynamic analysis are also made and presented in this study.
DTIC
Ground Effect (Aerodynamics); Ground Effect Machines; Helicopters
20060001888 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
American Carrier Air Power at the Dawn of a New Century
Lambeth, Benjamin S.; Jan. 1, 2005; 135 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0004
Report No.(s): AD-A440448; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A07, Hardcopy
This report presents the highlights of the U.S. Navy’s carrier air performance during the first two major wars of the 21st
century: Operation Enduring Freedom against the Taliban and al Qaeda in Afghanistan in 2001 and 2002 and the subsequent
3-week period of major combat in Operation Iraqi Freedom in early 2003 that finally ended the rule of Saddam Hussein. The
report also addresses ongoing modernization trends in U.S. carrier air capability. In the first war noted above, U.S. carrier air
power substituted almost entirely for land-based theater air forces because of an absence of suitable shore-based forward
operating locations for the latter. In the second, 6 of 12 carriers and their embarked air wings were surged to contribute to the
campaign, with a seventh carrier battle group held in reserve in the Western Pacific and an eighth also deployed and available
for tasking. The air wings that were embarked in the 6 committed carriers in the latter campaign flew approximately half the
total number of fighter sorties generated altogether by U.S. Central Command. As attested by the performance of naval
aviation in both operations, the warfighting potential of today’s U.S. carrier strike groups has grown substantially over that
of the carrier battle groups that represented the cutting edge of U.S. naval power at the end of the Cold War. The research
findings reported herein are the interim results of a larger ongoing study by the author on U.S. carrier air operations and
capability improvements since the end of the Cold War. They should interest U.S. naval officers and other members of the
defense and national security community concerned with the evolving role of U.S. carrier air power in joint and combined
operations. An extensive bibliography is included.
DTIC
Afghanistan; Aircraft Carriers; Iraq; Military Aviation
20060001898 Metron, Inc., Reston, VA USA
Top-Down Mechanism Design Study for Multi-UAV Search and Surveillance
Godfrey, Gregory A.; Oct. 31, 2005; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-C-0041
Report No.(s): AD-A440491; ARO-47062.2-MA-DRP; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Under this seedling effort, Metron has developed and demonstrated ‘function-driven design’ technology for complex
distributed systems and applied it to an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) ground target surveillance scenario. The authors
considered three types of UAV interaction mechanisms (auction/bidding methods, swapping-based methods and local
optimization methods) and two different target motion models (stationary and mobile, random walkers). There are two primary
breakthroughs. The first is a value potential approach to optimizing search paths based on approximating an infinite-horizon
search plan. Using this value potential to dictate UAV motion improves the search performance, especially for disjoint,
multimodal (patchy) probability distributions on target position. The second innovation introduces dynamic area sectoring,
which allows UAVs to partition the search area dynamically and to balance the search workload across UAVs. Sectoring also
eliminates the need to deconflict search paths and simplifies collision avoidance because each UAV stays inside its sector.
Combining the value potential-based UAV motion and dynamic sectoring reduced the median time to target detection by up
to 40 percent in this experimental testing. Based in part on the improved multi-sensor search capability developed under this
21

seedling effort, Metron has been awarded a NAVAIR Phase II SBIR contract to accelerate the transition of this distributed
search technology.
DTIC
Detection; Drone Vehicles; Surveillance; Target Acquisition; Targets
20060001903 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
Competition and Innovation in the U.S. Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
Birkler, John; Bower, Anthony G.; Drezner, Jeffrey A.; Lee, Gordon; Lorell, Mark; Smith, Giles; Timson, Fred; Trimble,
William P. G.; Younossi, Obaid; Jan. 1, 2003; 128 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440507; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In the first couple of decades following World War II, over a dozen firms competed vigorously to develop and produce
U.S. military aircraft. During the ensuing years, some firms left the business and others merged, so that by 1990 only eight
firms survived. In the following few years, the pace of consolidation quickened. Today, only three firms are capable of
developing and producing major military aircraft systems. Policymakers have expressed concern that further consolidation
could erode the competitive environment, which has been a fundamental driver of innovation in the military aircraft industry.
DTIC
Aircraft Configurations; Competition; Fixed Wings; Industries
20060001922 Applied Research Associates, Inc., Tyndall AFB, FL USA
Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation: Data Supporting Standard Development
Dierdorf, Dougls S.; Kiel, Jennifer C.; Oct. 1, 2005; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F08637-98-C-6002; Proj-4915
Report No.(s): AD-A440586; AFRL-ML-TY-TR-2005-4583; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This evaluation of flightline fire extinguishers has been conducted to determine minimum performance criteria for
assessing the capability of fire extinguishing agents to suppress two specific aircraft engine fires; three dimensional flowing
fuel fires in the aircraft tail pipe and engine nacelle fires that can be fought through the access panel. This test series
documented performance of 150 lb fire extinguishers containing Halon 1211 for extinguishing hidden and running fuel fires.
An F-100 engine nacelle mockup was used to evaluate the full extinguishment times and amount of extinguishing agent used
on a series of twenty aft engine and pool fires of 100-ft2 and ten access panel fires. The test series data was successfully used
to develop a consistent, repeatable test procedure with pass/fail criteria for three dimensional and hidden fires through the rear
engine and the access panel. The resulting document provides the performance standard for assessing alternative agents to
determine suitability for use by USAF personnel in support of flightline fire extinguishers with the primary mission of rescue
and fire suppression during aviation related incidents.
DTIC
Aircraft Engines; Fire Extinguishers; Fires; Halon
20060002034 National War Coll., Washington, DC USA
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility from the Sea
Hallowell, Paul E.; Jan. 1, 1994; 18 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440539; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
U.S. Force structure in the post-Cold War security environment continues to be a subject of constant debate. While the
Bottom-Up Review (BUR) thoroughly examined future defense requirements, it actually raised more questions than it
answered since the result of that process remains unaffordable. In the absence of a bonafide National Security Strategy, efforts
to size and shape the military will undoubtedly continue to be a very difficult undertaking. And with budgetary constraints
essentially driving force structure decisions, it becomes imperative that the military incorporate and retain cost-effective
platforms that have utility across a wide range of warfare areas. One such platform is the P-3 Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA).
Traditionally, with the aircraft carrier as the centerpiece of naval aviation, non-organic assets such as the P-3 have often been
left behind when it comes to representation for programs and budget decisions in the Pentagon. Now that the Cold War is over,
funding has become even more difficult for MPA, as pressure to reduce anti-submarine warfare assets in the absence of a
Soviet submarine threat has translated into deep cuts for the P-3 community. In 1990, there were 24 active patrol squadrons;
by 1996, there will be 12 -- the largest cut among all navy platforms. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the value of
MPA across a wide range of warfare disciplines and to underscore the importance of preserving current force structure. The
22

author begins by examining two mission areas for which MPA has no equal: maritime surveillance and antisubmarine warfare
(ASW). He then discusses MPA’s capability with respect to integrated task group support and its utility in fulfilling forward
presence objectives. Finally, he concludes with a look at platform capability in terms of OPNAV’s Joint Mission Area
Assessment criteria, which now forms the basis for all future resource decisions.
DTIC
Antisubmarine Warfare; Military Aircraft; Oceans; P-3 Aircraft; Patrols; Seas; Surveillance
20060002278 Mitre Corp., USA
A Predictive Model of User Equipage Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example
Hollinger, Kent; Nickum, James; Peed, Doyle; Stock, Todd; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation,
and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-37; In English; See also 20060002231; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
Many new technological solutions are considered in efforts to improve the efficiency and capacity of the National Airspace
System (NAS). Most of these technologies require the addition or modification of equipment not only on the ground, but also
in the aircraft that operate in the NAS. Because it is increasingly difficult for the Federal Aviation Administration to justify
mandates for forced aircraft equipage, it is often necessary to depend upon the aircraft owner/operators to voluntarily equip
their aircraft with the needed technology. If these aircraft equipage costs are too high, the owner/operators may not equip their
aircraft and the overall program might not proceed as desired. Presented is a methodology that can be used to estimate the user
equipage costs for future air traffic services and capabilities. Included is a forecast of future US aircraft, broken down by model
for Air Transport aircraft and by type for General Aviation aircraft. This forecast, when combined with model or type specific
aircraft knowledge, provides an estimate of the future mix of aircraft capabilities, and can be utilized for any technology under
study. The model considers aircraft classification and architecture to determine equipage states and identifies transition costs
between each state. Also, methods for estimating owner/operator reactions and responses to the availability of the new
technology, as well as the impact and cost of a possible equipage mandate, are presented. An example of usage of the model
is presented that analyzes Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) equipage costs for the applications of
broadcast surveillance and cockpit display of traffic information (CDTI) operational procedures. The presented methodology
may also be used for other technological solutions, including navigation and communications.
Author
Mathematical Models; Costs; Predictions; Surveillance; Maintenance
20060002280 Mitre Corp., McLean, VA, USA
Strategic Applications of Controller-Assigned Airborne Separation (CAAS)
Simons, Elliot M.; Maroney, David R.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-22; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color and
black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
MITRE Corporation s Center for Advanced Aviation Systems Development (MITRE/CAASD) has developed an
expanded concept for strategic airborne separation that incorporates ground-based conflict detection tools into the original set
of tactical procedures defined as Controller-Assigned Airborne Separation (CAAS). The new strategic tools provide flight
crews with advanced planning information, and air traffic controllers with conflict-free flight plan amendments that include
airborne separation for resolving specific conflicts. To date, CAAS has been studied for potential controller workload reduction
to resolve conflicts between pairs of aircraft only, delegating separation responsibility to the cockpit for limited durations and
under specific operating conditions. The airborne equipment needed for a tactical CAAS maneuver is ADS-B and a modified
CDTI. The expanded strategic concept, which requires data link in addition to ADS-B/CDTI, takes advantage of the
ground-based capabilities to establish strategic conflict resolutions up to 20 minutes in advance, with tools such as User
Requested Evaluation Tool (URET) and Problem Analysis Resolution and Ranking (PARR). Strategic CAAS is the next step
in an ‘airborne delegation of separation authority’ evolution defined by MITRE/CAASD s Future Vision research program.
The goal of Future Vision is to provide a conceptual basis for improvements to the air traffic system that will provide greater
flexibility in flight operations, fewer airborne and ground delays, and a reduction in controller workload, while maintaining
the highest level of safety. Following Strategic CAAS, Future Vision will study grouping of aircraft at high altitude, then
23

aircraft ‘streaming’ that implies self-separation on closely-spaced parallel offset routes. The MITRE/CAASD research into
controller-based airborne separation and self-separation is intended to be consistent with the ICAO framework defined under
Airborne Separation Assistance Systems (ASAS).
Author
Airborne Equipment; Display Devices; Separators; Separation; Controllers
20060002325 ViaSat, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
Aeronautical Network Research Simulator (ANRS)
Garcia, Manuel L.; Kocin, Michael; Musser, Gregory; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 28 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original
contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part
of the entire parent document
This presentation focuses on a cost effective Virtual RF Test Bench Environment utilizing a modular, scalable approach
which minimizes cost and risk, of the outgrowth of architectures previously implemented in Virtual Aircraft Capability (VAC)
and Joint Communication Simulator (JCS). This presentation includes a focus on a staged approach to development and
implementation, the addition of waveforms added without significant impact to hardware, model air traffic communication
traffic loads of realistic operational scenarios (flight plan), performance evaluation of throughput and delay of aeronautical sub
networks under load, and support repeatable experimental trials.
Derived from text
Cost Effectiveness; Simulators; Performance Tests
06
AVIONICS AND AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
Includes all avionics systems, cockpit and cabin display devices, and flight instruments intended for use in aircraft. For related
information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; 08 Aircraft Stability and Control; 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and
Astrionics; and 35 Instrumentation and Photography.
20060002049 Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC, USA
Instrument Rating: Practical Test Standards for Airplane, Helicopter, Airship
Oct. 1994; 48 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-102156; FAA-S-8081-4B; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The Flight Standards Service of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has developed this practical test book as a
standard to be used by FAA inspectors and designated pilot examiners when conducting airman practical tests (oral and flight
tests). Instructors are expected to use this book when preparing applicants for practical tests. This publication sets forth the
practical test requirements for the addition of an instrument rating to a pilot certificate in airplanes, helicopters, and airships.
NTIS
Airships; Flight Tests; General Aviation Aircraft; Helicopters; Pilot Ratings
20060002234 Federal Aviation Administration, USA
Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) Industry Engagement
Hanlon, Dan; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-25; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) is a navigation overlay that currently provides coverage over 100% of the
Continental USA and Alaska with a precision augmentation to the Global Positioning System. When combined with GPS, the
WAAS signal supports navigation with resolution of approximately one meter at altitudes ranging from 100,000 feet to the
surface. WAAS assures the integrity, availability, accuracy and continuity of navigation signals required for use in all phases
of flight that cannot be provided by GPS alone. WAAS has been fully operational in support of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)
since July of 2003, and the publication of WAAS specific instrument approaches began in September of 2003. To date, the
WAAS program has evolved much like GPS in its early stages, with little fanfare and only mild industry interest. This
presentation will discuss what is being done to advocate WAAS implementation in several key aviation communities.
Author (revised)
Augmentation; Navigation; Avionics; Aircraft Industry; Instrument Flight Rules
24

20060002236 Chinese Aeronautic Radio and Electronics Research Inst., China
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space
Shimin, Gu; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 40 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
In China, the needs for air transportation have stably been increasing in the past two decades. One of drives is that more
and more peoples are becoming to afford to take air transport instead of any other surface transportation, especially railway.
Another is more air space available to airlines thus carriers can reduce operational cost and make various discount tickets to
the public. Year 2004, as a whole, CAAC fleet got its biggest annual revenue, comparing with the any of the past years. 2005
will be another happy year to CAAC. When the new century begins, China makes more active steps to implementation the
CNS/ATM concept. China made the first demo CNS/ATM flight over continental while most countries just made demo over
sea. Then CAAC opened several official CNS/ATM routes cross China and promoted the Area Navigation application in
airlines fleets, called as RNP in CNS/ATM. Meanwhile, Chinese civil aircraft program is launched. First of them is called
ARJ21 which is 70 seat regional jet, developed now in Shanghai. Then that will be followed by projects from commercial
plane, business and commuter to helicopters. CARERI, as the unique state owned Avionics Institute based on Shanghai, is
engaging to R&D the whole solution of avionics, especially in Modular Avionics Concept, for meeting the increasing and
various domestic aircraft market. This slide document will highlight our understanding and consideration in R&D Modular
Avionics Concept based on the CNS/ATM environment. Reading the last year s presentations, we found NASA Glenn Center
and relative US firms have developed Multi Mode Avionics. We believe there are some common interests and the possibility
in collaboration to develop some applications in the China civil air transportation market.
Author
Avionics; Airspace; Commercial Aircraft; Chinese Aircraft; Airline Operations; Air Transportation; Area Navigation; Civil
Aviation
20060002299 ViaSat, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture
Kocin, Michael J.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 27 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
JTRS architectural goals are quite consistent with the goals for future civil avionics developments. In particular, the goals
stated in ARINC 660A, are consistent with the JTRS vision. The architectural approaches discussed for a civil avionics version
of JTRS contain the key hardware and software elements required to implement an MMDA approach consistent with the goals
of software programmability and upgradeability with minimal impact on the basic hardware and system. This proposed
architecture has an open bus structure and uses SCA/CORBA to define software interfaces, content and performance. The
JTRS architecture as applied to the civil aviation sector must be considered a functional architecture. The physical, installation
and environmental requirements of the military sector would make this architecture much too expensive for direct application
to the commercial world. The benefits of the new technology would not outweigh the cost, risk and scheduled implementation
of the military world. Additionally, only five civil aviation applicable waveforms are being implemented in the JTRS program.
JTRS may in the end, design and develop additional civil aviation-related waveforms, but in all likelihood commercial
development will be required to meet a reasonable deployment schedule. MMDA will provide an unique blend of hardware
and software, facilitating higher levels of performance coupled with ease of upgradeability. The upgradeability and
re-certification of the system is key to its economic benefit to users. Upgrades in technology are generally thought to occur
in cycles. RF technology rolls once every 7-15years and digital technology is rolling in as little as 14 months. Digital
technology upgrades usually include a significant increase in speed, throughput and memory. These performance
improvements result in smaller hardware for avionics allowing more processing to be packaged in the available space.
Although on a somewhat slower time scale, RF technology usually involves improved performance and miniaturization.
Today, digital technology is creeping into areas traditionally considered RF. Signal processing capabilities of DSPs have
enabled many functions that were traditionally accomplished in hardware (i.e., analog) to now be accomplished using
software. Digital technology is now used in the Intermediate Frequency (IF) portions of designs to accomplish RF band pass
filtering, demodulation and RF to digital conversion. Powerful processors coupled with re-programmable FPGAs have enabled
designers to continually improve algorithms, processing techniques and filtering techniques. Even RF receivers are using more
digital technology for front end filtering and signal capture. Future digital processing applications may include final RF with
25

implantation of analog-to-digital conversions taking place at the antenna. RF amplifiers will, however, remain analog for the
foreseeable future.
Derived from text
Avionics; Radio Frequencies; Analog to Digital Converters; Civil Aviation; Computer Programs; Signal Processing;
Intermediate Frequencies
20060002324 Aviation Management Associates, Inc., Springfield, VA, USA
Role of Multi-Mode Multi-Function Digital Avionics in the Future NAS
Harrison, Mike; Wargo, Chris; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 8 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations;
No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Current avionics are generally: not interoperable across CNS modes and national standards; expensive to upgrade and
certify; not easily reconfigurable for new functions and/or modes; and not able to provide user-selected integration of C, N,
S and management functions. The number of waveforms (both new and legacy) is beginning to overwhelm ability to fit aircraft
with new capabilities. A new, cost-effective methodology to certify avionics is needed (both initial and subsequent for added
waveforms). The objective is to develop an architecture and prototype for multi-function multi-mode digital avionics
(MMDA) that demonstrate: interoperability with international standards and operational modes; low life-cycle cost to
equip/modify; compliance with existing and next generation airground and air-air CNS requirements & functions; and
compliance with redundancy, certification, security and safety standards.
Derived from text
Avionics; National Aviation System; Pulse Communication
07
AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
Includes primary propulsion systems and related systems and components, e.g., gas turbine engines, compressors, and fuel systems;
and onboard auxiliary power plants for aircraft. For related information see also 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; 28 Propellants
and Fuels; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.
20060001862 CFD Research Corp., Huntsville, AL USA
Combustion LES Software for Improved Emissions Predictions of High Performance Gas Turbine Combustors
Black, David Lee; Meredith, Karl V.; Khosla, Sachin; Rani, Sarma L.; Smith, Clifford E.; Sep. 1, 2005; 125 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00421-04-C-0002; Proj-CFDRC-8503/8
Report No.(s): AD-A440401; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy
Low emissions of CO, NOx, and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) are a difficult challenge in the design of new military
gas turbine combustors. Simulation tools that can predict emissions are needed to reduce the cost of producing improved, low
emissions combustor designs. In this SBIR, CFD) Research Corporation (CFDRC) continued to develop combustion Large
Eddy Simulation (LES) techniques to create a high fidelity tool for predicting emissions. The LES code was improved by the
development and implementation of a new multi-step assumed PDF method that accounts for more detailed kinetics with
turbulent chemistry interactions. This new method enables efficient turbulent combustion CFD) calculations for both steady
state Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) and LES with multi-step global mechanisms. Tabulation methods were
implemented and tested for improved computational efficiency. Improvements to the existing combustion models and inlet
boundary conditions for LES were also performed. In addition to the new turbulent combustion models, the capability to
generate the necessary global mechanisms from detailed reaction mechanisms was developed. The final code was validated
against benchmark experimental data, and applied to the Rolls-Royce JSF combustor. Validation cases included both premixed
and diffusion flames covering a broad range of flame conditions. Although much progress was made in this Phase II effort,
continued work is needed to make the new multi-step assumed PDF model robust and practical. In particular, a new solver
for the species transport equations needs to be implemented to reduce run times by a factor of two or more.
DTIC
Combustion; Combustion Chambers; Gas Turbines; Hydrocarbons
26

20060002378 General Electric Global Research, Niksayuna, NY, USA
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through Conductance
Turnquist, Norman; Ghasripoor, Farshad; Kowalczyk, Mark; Couture, Bart; 2004 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System
Workshop, Volume 1; October 2005; 15 pp.; In English; See also 20060002371; Original contains color illustrations; No
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Test data indicate strong influence of conductance in rub behavior of strip seals at speeds in excess of 50 m/s. Material
strength appears to have little effect on rub for strip seals with aspect ratios \h0.07 A predictive model is established as a tool
to help select the strip material and in design of the strip Best strip material selection and design would extend the strip seal
s ability to severe rub events beyond the abradable thickness
Derived from text
Seals (Stoppers); Mechanical Properties; Wear; Abrasion; Aspect Ratio
08
AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL
Includes flight dynamics, aircraft handling qualities, piloting, flight controls, and autopilots. For related information see also 05 Aircraft
Design, Testing and Performance; and 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation.
20060002281 Austro Control G.m.b.H., Vienna, Austria
Operational Results and Standardization Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems for Civil Air Traffic Control
Purposes
Bartacek, Heinz; Langhans, Werner; Scheiflinger, Christian; Wolfmayr, Bernhard; Schreiber, Helmut; Proceedings of the Fifth
Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-25; In
English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available
from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The use of multilateration techniques for airspace surveillance of aircraft is rapidly gaining momentum in Europe. The
wide area multilateration system (WAM) installed in the Terminal Area of Innsbruck airport, Austria, has gone fully
operational in November 2004. Eurocontrol has established a Taskforce on Multilateration issues and is currently adopting its
surveillance strategy to account for the high potential of this surveillance technique as a substitute to secondary surveillance
radar, since this technique is independent from airborne navigation systems. In EUROCAE, a working group has been installed
for the development of minimum performance standards in analogy to the ED-117 ASMGCS standard. At ICAO level, the
SASP group has started to look for an integration of wide area multilateration into operational documents, such as PANS-ATM
and into documents dealing with separation of aircraft based on different surveillance techniques. This paper shows
performance results of the operational WAM system in the Innsbruck region for ATC, it discusses the progress of
standardisation efforts and it provides an outlook on future WAM activities in Europe.
Author
Air Traffıc Control; Civil Aviation; Surveillance Radar
09
RESEARCH AND SUPPORT FACILITIES (AIR)
Includes airports, runways, hangars, and aircraft repair and overhaul facilities; wind tunnels, water tunnels, and shock tubes; flight
simulators; and aircraft engine test stands. Also includes airport ground equipment and systems. For airport ground operations see 03
Air Transportation and Safety. For astronautical facilities see 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space).
20060002270 Federal Aviation Administration, USA
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
Mohler, Gisele; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 29 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Last summer, Department of Transportation Secretary Norman Y. Mineta released FAA’s latest study on airport capacity.
The study reveals that 15 airports, in some of the nation’s busiest cities, will need additional capacity by 2013, and eight more
will face capacity limitations by 2020. Even now the pressure is building at many airports and within U.S. airspace due to
significant increases in air traffic volume. In one year s time, double-digit increases have occurred in operations at some of
the nation s key ( OEP) airports. At Dulles, for example, operations are up more than 19 percent; Boston and Fort Lauderdale,
27

12 percent; Denver, Kennedy and Orlando, 10 percent or more. The rebound in operations has brought about resurgence in
delays at several airports. On the whole, delays are still below calendar year 2000 levels due to OEP commitments and other
positive actions such as airline schedule depeaking. However, for the first eight months of 2004, several of the top 15 delayed
airports were at delay rates higher than experienced in 2000. The greatest growth in delays during that period was seen at
Chicago O Hare, Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson, and Houston s George Bush Intercontinental; all three airports also experienced
significant traffic growth during this period. Add to this mix the change in the composition of the aircraft fleet. To keep pace
with market demand for low fares while enplanements were down, legacy airlines turned to regional jets. The diversified
aircraft fleet mix, with a range of performance capabilities, increases air traffic control complexity, which can slow the system.
Complexity increases further as airlines continue to fly smaller aircraft while enplanements increase, requiring even more
flights. The price of fuel is perhaps the biggest crisis facing the airspace user today. The airlines 2004 fuel bill was $62 billion,
which is a staggering $15 billion more than 2003. While there is not much that can be done about the high price of fuel, there
is still much to be gained with operational efficiencies and cost reduction. Russ Chew, Chief Operating Officer of the FAA s
Air Traffic Organization (ATO), has noted that the agency s impact on aircraft fuel consumption will probably take a higher
profile in the months and years to come. Simply put, aviation s problems impact our country s bottom line. Without increased
capacity, the USA loses an economic benefit estimated at more than $300 billion. FAA is working on several levels to address
the needs of the national airspace system (NAS). At the forefront is the agency s strategic Flight Plan, which links activities
through 2009 to budget requests. Beyond the Flight Plan timeframe, the Operational Evolution Plan (OEP) addresses capacity
and efficiency initiatives over a rolling ten-year period at the busiest 35 airports in the NAS. The FAA, with the multi-agency
Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO), has developed a plan for the Next Generation Air Transportation System
(NGATS) to meet air traffic demand to 2025. The focus of this paper is the OEP, which aims to increase the effective capacity
and efficiency of the NAS over a rolling 10-year period by focusing on the nation s 35 most congested airports.
Derived from text
Air Traffıc Control; Air Transportation; Airline Operations; Airports; Delay; Management Planning; Traffıc
12
ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to space flight and manned and unmanned space vehicles, platforms or objects launched into,
or assembled in, outer space; and related components and equipment. Also includes manufacturing and maintenance of such vehicles
or platforms. For specific topics in astronautics see categories 13 through 20. For extraterrestrial exploration see 91 Lunar and Planetary
Science and Exploration.
20060001889 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal Procurement and R&D Spending in the Aerospace Sector
Hogan, Thor; Fossum, Donna; Johnson, Dana J.; Painter, Lawrence S.; Jan. 1, 2005; 58 pp.; In English; Original contains
color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0004
Report No.(s): AD-A440451; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report assesses the scope of external federal spending within the aerospace industry. The study provides a detailed
examination of the Federal Procurement Data System (FPDS), with the specific purpose of tracking all government aerospace
procurement and research and development (R&D) expenditures from 1993 to 2003. The resulting data are used to analyze
trends in government aerospace spending during the past decade. The study’s findings will be of greatest interest to analysts
and scholars who seek to understand changes in government aerospace spending in the post Cold War era. It should also help
policy makers better understand recent trends that have led to the decline in external aerospace expenditures. The study
revealed a clear downward trend in federal aerospace procurement and R&D expenditures during the past decade. The analysis
suggests that this decline was felt in each of the primary aerospace sectors: air systems, missile systems, and space systems.
Overall, air system spending fell 35 percent and missile system spending fell 50 percent. Space system expenditures dropped
by a somewhat lower amount: 10 percent. The authors found some evidence that this trend may be reversing itself -specifically,
a large increase in Department of Defense (DoD) spending in 2003. This was most likely caused by a change in
presidential administrations and regular military procurement cycles (particularly with relation to air systems); however, the
turnaround did not become evident until 2003 because of a typical lag between budgeting and actual spending. The findings
regarding the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are only slightly more favorable. The agency has seen
28

a 35 percent decline in its external spending during the past decade. It has been able to maintain its level of space system
expenditures during this period, but many other areas have suffered.
DTIC
Aerospace Industry; Cost Analysis; Government Procurement; Procurement
13
ASTRODYNAMICS
Includes powered and free flight trajectories; orbital and launching dynamics.
20060000021
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the Fermilab Booster
Huang, X.; Lee, S. Y.; Prebys, E.; January 2004; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017120; FERMILAB-CONF-05-115; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
The orbit response matrix (ORM) method (1) is applied to model the Fermilab Booster with parameters such as the BPM
gains and rolls, and parameters in the lattice model, including the gradient errors and magnet rolls. We found that the gradients
and rolls of the adjacent combined-function magnets were deeply correlated, preventing full determination of the model
parameters. Suitable constraints of the parameters were introduced to guarantee an unique, equivalent solution. Simulations
show that such solution preserves proper combinations of the adjacent parameters. The result shows that the gradient errors
of combined-function magnets are within design limits.
NTIS
Fitting; Matrix Methods; Independent Variables; Booster Rocket Engines
15
LAUNCH VEHICLES AND LAUNCH OPERATIONS
Includes all classes of launch vehicles, launch/space vehicle systems, and boosters; and launch operations. For related information see
also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power.
20060001781 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Investigation of the Performance Characteristics of Re-Entry Vehicles
Bilbey, Charles A.; Sep. 1, 2005; 85 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440191; AFIT/GSS/ENY/05-S01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
When a non-US spacecraft reenters the Earth’s atmosphere, having the ability to accurately determine its performance
characteristics is a primary concern. This study investigated the atmospheric re-entry profiles of a maneuverable re-entry
vehicle. The re-entry vehicle was modeled as a point mass with aerodynamic properties. Equations of motion were numerically
integrated, giving the time histories of position, velocity and flight path angle. The algorithm is able to generate a complete
and feasible entry trajectory of a approximately 25-minute flight time in about 5 to 10 seconds on a desktop computer, given
the entry conditions and values of constraint parameters. This preliminary study shows the feasibility of identifying and further
exploring the technical challenges involved in using a mathemathical model to simulate the performance characteristics of the
maneuvering re-entry vehicle.
DTIC
Maneuverable Reentry Bodies; Reentry Vehicles
20060001809 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
The Effect of Aerodynamic Surfaces Versus Thrust Maneuvers on Reentry Vehicles
Albrecht, Meredith M.; Sep. 1, 2005; 85 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440289; AFIT/GAE/ENY/05-S01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This research effort analyzes the effect of aerodynamic surfaces versus thrust maneuvers on a reentry vehicle. At high
altitudes the effect of aerodynamic surfaces on the reentry vehicle is small due to low atmospheric density; however as the
vehicle reaches lower altitudes a lift maneuver is very successful in deflecting the vehicle and creating a large impact footprint.
When a continuous thrust maneuver is input in the place of a lift maneuver the results are very similar at the highest maneuver
altitudes, although the impact footprint shrinks rapidly as the maneuver altitude decreases. Additionally, when the thrust
29

maneuver is along or opposite the velocity vector of the vehicle it significantly alters the time of flight, especially when
performed at higher altitudes. In order to perform this analysis, a FORTRAN program using the equations of motion for a
reentry vehicle was modified in order to accommodate the lift and thrust maneuvers.
DTIC
Aerodynamics; Control Surfaces; Maneuverable Reentry Bodies; Reentry Vehicles
17
SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
Includes space systems telemetry; space communications networks; astronavigation and guidance; and spacecraft radio blackout. For
related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 32 Communications and Radar.
20060001847 Test Group (0046th), Holloman AFB, NM USA
Civil GPS Systems and Potential Vulnerabilities
Hoey, David; Benshoof, Paul; Oct. 25, 2005; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FB5209-04-P-0318
Report No.(s): AD-A440372; XC-46TW; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Since becoming fully operational, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has consistently proven itself to be an effective
force enhancer to the U.S. military and its allies. However, because GPS satellites broadcast a signal freely available to the
public, commercial applications of GPS outnumber those of the military by a wide margin and are now embedded in
applications the original developers of GPS could never have imagined. Among these applications are those used in the USA’
critical national infrastructure, which are becoming increasingly reliant on GPS at an alarming rate. Unfortunately,
over-reliance on GPS for critical applications could leave us vulnerable to future asymmetric attacks. The danger stems from
what is well understood in military circles: to function properly, GPS receivers must track low-power satellite signals which
are very susceptible to jamming or other interference. This paper presents a Department of Defense GPS test perspective on
civilian GPS vulnerabilities and potential impacts to critical infrastructure, as well as recommends action to mitigate
vulnerability exploitation and help protect vital applications.
DTIC
Global Positioning System; Jamming; Vulnerability
20060001849 Test Group (0046th), Holloman AFB, NM USA
Civil GPS Systems and Potential Vulnerabilities
Hoey, David; Benshoof, Paul; Oct. 25, 2005; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FB5209-04-P-0318
Report No.(s): AD-A440379; XC-46TW; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Since becoming fully operational, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has consistently proven itself to be an effective
force enhancer to the U.S. military and its allies. However, because GPS satellites broadcast a signal freely available to the
public, commercial applications of GPS outnumber those of the military by a wide margin and are now embedded in
applications the original developers of GPS could never have imagined. Among these applications are those used in the USA’
critical national infrastructure, which are becoming increasingly reliant on GPS at an alarming rate. Unfortunately,
over-reliance on GPS for critical applications could leave us vulnerable to future asymmetric attacks. The danger stems from
what is well understood in military circles: to function properly, GPS receivers must track low-power satellite signals which
are very susceptible to jamming or other interference. This paper presents a Department of Defense GPS test perspective on
civilian GPS vulnerabilities and potential impacts to critical infrastructure, as well as recommends action to mitigate
vulnerability exploitation and help protect vital applications.
DTIC
Global Positioning System; Jamming; Vulnerability
20060002260 ITT Defense and Electronics, USA
Defining Command, Control, and Communications (C3) for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
Schultz, Mike; Henriksen, Steve; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-19; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
30

The topics include: 1) Access 5; 2) ATC Communications; 3) C2 Communications; and 4) Requirement Verification
Process.
CASI
Air Traffıc Control; Command and Control; Pilotless Aircraft; Voice Communication; National Airspace System
20060002273 CompSys Technologies, Inc., Amherst, NY, USA
Secure Key Management for NASA Space Communication
Balasubramanian, Aruna; Mishra, Sumita; Sridhar, Ramalingam; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications,
Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 29 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231;
Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only
as part of the entire parent document
NASA envisions advanced technologies and protocols for their missions using space-based networks. The space-based
network technology considers the ground stations and the spacecrafts to be a part of one large network, where a spacecraft
can potentially connect to a large number of ground stations during its orbit. However, the technology introduces easy access
to the spacecraft from the ground, in turn increasing the security risks. Additionally, space-based networks are formed among
heterogeneous network entities. Thus, a generic security solution for all communication components may not be well suited.
In this work, we study the architecture of space-based networks, and provide a classification for the network entities based
on their characteristics. Based on the requirements and limitations of the classification, we provide suitable key management
solution for enhanced security and strong authentication.
Author
Space Communication; NASA Programs; Communication Networks; Project Management
20060002291 Computer Networks and Software, Inc., Springfield, VA, USA
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance Evaluation of CNS Technologies
Dhas, Chris; Wargo, Chris; Lal, Sachin; Khanna, Mannu; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation,
and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 22 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original
contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part
of the entire parent document
As NASA speculates on and explores the future of aviation, the technological and physical aspects of our environment
increasingly become hurdles that must be overcome for success. Several NASA research partners have purposed research into
methods for overcoming some of these selected hurdles. The task of establishing a common evaluation environment was
placed on NASA s Virtual Airspace Simulation Technologies (VAST) project (sub-project of Virtual Airspace Modeling and
Simulation Project). Their response was the development of the Airspace Concept Evaluation System (ACES). As one
examines the ACES environment from a communication, navigation or surveillance (CNS) perspective, the simulation
environment made no provisions for realism in the simulation of CNS. To truly evaluate these concepts in a realistic sense,
the contributions/effects of CNS must be part of the ACES. NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has supported the Virtual
Airspace Modeling and Simulation (VAMS) project through the continued development of CNS models and analysis
capabilities that supports the ACES environment. NASA GRC initiated the development a communications traffic loading
analysis tool, called the Future Aeronautical Subnetwork Traffic Emulator for Communications, Navigation and Surveillance
(FASTE-CNS), as part of this support. This tool allows for forecasting of communications load with the understanding that,
there is no single, common source for loading models used to evaluate the existing and planned communications channels,
and that consensus and accuracy in the traffic load models is a very important input to the decisions being made on the
acceptability of communication techniques used to fulfill the aeronautical requirements. Leveraging off the existing
capabilities of the FASTE-CNS tool, GRC has called for FASTE-CNS to have the functionality to pre- and post-process the
simulation runs of ACES to report on instances when traffic density, frequency congestion or aircraft spacing/distance
violations have occurred. The integration of these functions require that the CNS models used to characterize these avionics
systems be of higher fidelity and better consistency then is present in FASTE-CNS system. This paper explores the capabilities
of FASTE-CNS with renewed emphasis on the enhancements added to perform these processing functions; the fidelity and
reliability of CNS models necessary to make the enhancements work.
Author
Avionics; Navigation; Surveillance; Communication; Technologies
31

18
SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
Includes satellites; space platforms; space stations; spacecraft systems and components such as thermal and environmental controls;
and spacecraft control and stability characteristics. For life support systems see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support. For
related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; 39 Structural Mechanics; and 16 Space Transportation and
Safety.
20060002338 ISRO Satellite Centre, Peenya, Bangalore, India
Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume 15, No. 2, July 2005
July 2005; 51 pp.; In English; See also 20060002339 - 20060002344; Original contains color and black and white
illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The Journal of Spacecraft Technology is a biannual publication of ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore, India. It is devoted
exclusively to research and development in the fields of space and spacecraft technology and is meant for circulation amongst
the professionals in the field. Contributions to the journal are invited in the related fields, in the form of review, technical
papers and short communications. The articles will be subjected to review prior to publication. This journal features articles
on such topics as Sputtered MoS2 lubrication of ball bearings for long-life space applications. Other topics include:
development of light weight structure for technology experiment satellite (TES), Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
(IRNSS) concept, spacecraft in-orbit operations through multi-mission ground software, simulation of piezoelectric effect in
NASTRAN: experimental and analytical estimation of dynamic response of a circular plate and understanding pseudo
electrolyte-leak behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells.
Derived from text
India; ISRO; Satellite Navigation Systems
20060002339 ISRO Satellite Centre, Peenya, Bangalore, India
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) Concept
Ganeshan, A. S.; Rathnakara, S. C.; Gupta, R.; Jain, Anup K.; Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume 15, No. 2; July 2005,
pp. 19-23; In English; See also 20060002338; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The paper presents a new concept of regional navigation satellite constellation, as an alternate to GPS constellation, for
providiiig space based navigation support to various land, sea and air navigation users over the Indian region. The continuous
visibility of CEO and GSO satellites for near-equator regions provides a promising alternative for regional navigation. The
paper discusses the design considerations and parameters required for evolving such a regional system. The orbital
characteristics, the criteria for choosing the constellation and the methodology have been highlighted. The error sources and
the achievable accuracy for the user in the service area are brought out. Based on the studies, the proposed IRNSS consists
of 7 satellites (3 in CEO and 4 in inclined GSO with 29 deg inclination).
Author
Navigation Satellites; Global Positioning System
20060002340 ISRO Satellite Centre, Peenya, Bangalore, India
Spacecraft In-Orbit Operations through Multi-Mission Ground Software
Gnanabharanidharan, N.; Pankaj Padmakar, Joshi; Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume 15, No. 2; July 2005, pp. 24-30;
In English; See also 20060002338; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Spacecraft operations require continuous monitoring of the health of the spacecraft and its commanding for the intended
operations. These operations are carried out on the ground using sophisticated mission-oriented software tools. SCHEMACS
is one such software which is being used for ISRO-built satellites. Design, development and maintenance of SCHEMACS is
part of any satellite mission and a considerable amount of commonalities are found while developing SCHEMACS for various
missions. By taking these factors into consideration and also the logical nature of software in general, a common unified
version of SCHEMACS called multi-mission SCHEMACS has been developed and operationalized. At present, there exists
a multi-mission software version suitable for LEO missions and another version suitable for supporting CEO missions. This
multi-mission software version has been found useful in maintaining the software and in carrying out routine as well
contingency satellite operations and health analyses with maximum ease and least effort. A single common LEO-SCHEMACS
current version supports IRS-P4, TES and RESOURCESAT-I, while CEO-SCHEMACS supports INSAT-ZE, INSAT-3A, 38,
32

3C, 3E, KALPANA-I, GSAT-2&3. In this paper, various ways and approaches to achieve this kind of a software system have
been explored and presented.
Author
Ground Operational Support System; Computer Programs; Low Earth Orbits; Satellite Orbits
23
CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to the composition, properties, structure, and use of chemical compounds and materials as they
relate to aircraft, launch vehicles, and spacecraft. For specific topics in chemistry and materials see categories 25 through 29. For
astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics.
20060002199 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films
Perkins, C. L.; Hasoon, F. S.; Al-Thani, H. A.; Asher, S. E.; Sheldon, P.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016463; NREL/CP-520-37419; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine the compositional and electronic changes occurring in Cu(In,Ga)Se2
thin films as a result of immersion in aqueous ammonia solution. We find that NH4OH-treated CIGS surfaces are preferentially
etched of indium and gallium, resulting in the formation of a thin layer of a degenerate Cu-Se compound that we tentatively
identify as Cu(sub 2)Se. The work function of ammonia-treated samples is found to increase by 0.6 eV relative to as-grown
CIGS thin films. The uniformity of chemical bath effects (etching & deposition) was found to be improved by the addition
to the bath of a non-ionic surfactant. Initial device results show that the new surfactant-based chemical bath deposition (CBD)
method may lead to better and thinner CdS buffer layers.
NTIS
Ammonia; Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Thin Films; X Ray Spectroscopy
20060002207 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum Filament Operated at Low
Temperature
Mahan, A. H.; Xu, Y.; Gedvilas, L. M.; Reedy, R. C.; Branz, H. M.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016498; NREL/CP-520-37475; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
We report the deposition of improved hydrogenated amorphous silicon germanium (a-SiGe:H) films by the hot wire CVD
(HWCVD) technique using a tantalum filament operating at a low temperature. We gauge the material quality of the a-SiGe:H
films by comparing infrared, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), photocapacitance, and conductivity measurements to
earlier results, and fabricate single-junction n-i-p solar cell devices using these i-layers.
NTIS
Deposition; Low Temperature; Tantalum; Vapor Deposition; Vapors; Wire
20060002219 Idaho National Engineering Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA, Khlopin Radium Inst., Saint Petersburg, Russia,
Academy of Sciences (USSR), Novosibirsk, USSR
Fundamental UNEX Chemistry
Herbst, R. S.; Peterman, D. R.; Luther, T. A.; Garn, T. G.; Jan. 2005; 22 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841393; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This presentation was given at the DOE Office of Science-Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP)
High-Level Waste Workshop held on January 19-20, 2005 at the Savannah River Site.
NTIS
Environment Management; Management Methods
20060002227 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA
Technetium Chemistry in Waste Environments
Jan. 20, 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841418; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This presentation was given at the DOE Office of Science-Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP)
33

High-Level Waste Workshop held on January 19-20, 2005 at the Savannah River Site.
NTIS
Technetium; Wastes; Management Methods
20060002354 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to Damp Heat Exposure
Pern, F. J.; Jorgensen, G. J.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016458; NREL/CP-520-37391; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We investigated the effectiveness of glass-surface priming to promote enhanced adhesion of EVA laminates during
damp-heat exposure at 85 deg C and 85% relative humidity. The primary objective was to develop advanced encapsulant
formulations by incorporation of various primer formulations that exhibit improved adhesion during damp-heat exposure.
Several primer formulations were identified that greatly enhanced the EVA adhesion strength, including to the extent that
peeling could not be initiated, even for the laminates of the glass substrate/fast-cure EVA15295P/TPE backsheet (a
Tedlar/polyester/EVA tri-laminate) that were exposed in a damp-heat test chamber for more than 750 h. The results show that
a synergistic increase in the interfacial hydrophobicity, siloxane density, and cross-linking density are the key attributes to the
improvement in the EVA adhesion strength.
NTIS
Acetates; Adhesion; Ethylene; Extravehicular Activity; Glass; Laminates; Substrates; Temperature Effects
20060002392 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved PV Module Reliability
Jorgensen, G. J.; Terwilliger, K. M.; Kempe, M. D.; McMahon, T. J.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016391; NREL/CP-520-37366; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
A number of candidate alternative encapsulant and soft backsheet materials have been evaluated in terms of their
suitability for photovoltaic (PV) module packaging applications. Relevant properties, including interfacial adhesion and
moisture transport, have been measured as a function of damp-heat (85degrees C / 85% relative humidity) exposure. Based
on these tests, promising new encapsulants with improved properties have been identified. Backsheets prepared by industry
and at NREL have been found to provide varying levels of moisture ingress protection. To achieve significantly improved
products, further development of these candidates is ongoing. The relative effectiveness of various packaging strategies to
protect PV devices has also been investigated.
NTIS
Encapsulating; Packaging; Photovoltaic Conversion; Reliability
20060002486 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials to Higher Value Products
Mitchell, A. R.; Hsu, P. C.; Coburn, M. D.; Schmidt, R. D.; Pagoria, P. F.; Apr. 28, 2005; 18 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016446; UCRL-CONF-211787; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The objective of this program is to develop new processes for the disposal of surplus energetic materials. Disposal through
open burning/open detonation (OB/OD) is considered less attractive today due to environmental, cost and safety concerns. The
use of energetic materials as chemical feedstocks for higher value products can provide environmentally sound and
cost-effective alternatives to OB/OD. Our recent studies on the conversion of surplus energetic materials (Explosive D, TNT)
to higher value products will be described.
NTIS
Explosives; Detonation
24
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of laminates and other composite materials.
20060001916 Hawaii Univ., Honolulu, HI USA
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using Intelligent Composite Active Structures (ADPICAS)
Nejhad, Mehrdad G.; Oct. 1, 2005; 172 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-00-1-0692
Report No.(s): AD-A440552; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A08, Hardcopy
34

The main objectives of this research are to design, analyze, fabricate, and test intelligent composite active structures and
systems to provide simultaneous precision position and vibration suppression control capabilities for military and space
structures to enhance their structural performance and reduce their fuel consumption. These simultaneous vibration
suppression and precision positioning capabilities, for mission performance enhancement, are achieved by using wellintegrated
sensors/actuators/controllers where the host structures will be constructed mainly from composite materials that are
lightweight and strong. Adaptive or intelligent structures which have the capability for sensing and responding to their
environment promise a unique approach to solving numerous problems of spacecraft such as fighter jets and helicopters, smart
rockets, satellites, space stations, unmanned underwater/aerial vehicles, and submarines. Intelligent sensors and actuators in
combination with robust control system and composite materials as host structure are lightweight, increase structural
efficiency, provide thermal stability, and monitor and respond dynamically to external stimuli. For spacecraft, these properties
mean increased range, payload, and reduced fuel consumption as well as enhanced performance and reliability through internal
control of the materials and host structures. The adaptive structures developed in this work can also be used for sensitive
equipment and devices, e.g., aboard of aircraft and spacecraft as well as their structures to provide them with precision
positioning as well as vibration suppression capabilities, and hence drastically improve their performance.
DTIC
Adaptation; Composite Structures; Control; Damping; Positioning; Smart Structures
20060002343 ISRO Satellite Centre, Peenya, Bangalore, India
Development of Light Weight Structure for Technology Experiment Satellite (TES)
Badari Narayana, K.; Subba Rao, P.; Basha, S. K. J.; Muralidhar, K. V.; Joseph, Thomas K.; Kamat, Shivanand M.; Navalgund,
K. H.; Varghese, C. S.; Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume 15, No. 2; July 2005, pp. 10-18; In English; See also
20060002338; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The current trend in aerospace applications is to use high stiffness and strength composite materials in place of aluminum
alloys, and growth is more focused on the use of sandwich constructions in aerospace applications. These constructions help
to provide higher strength-to-weight and high stiffness-to-weight and greater stability to structures. A step in this direction is
the development of all Al-sandwich construction bus for the Technology Experiment Satellite (TES}. This article gives a brief
summary of the basic design/analysis, fabrication process and tests carried out on the structure flight models of TES. The
results of analysis/tests carried out at various stages of development and the flight structural models are discussed. This design
and development of Al-sandwich structures paved the way for the development of the more efficient sandwich structures made
of CFRP, used in GSAT-II [I], GSAT-III and IRS-PS subsequently.
Author
Aerospace Engineering; Composite Materials; Design Analysis; Construction; Sandwich Structures
25
INORGANIC, ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Includes the analysis, synthesis, and use of inorganic and organic compounds; combustion theory; electrochemistry; and
photochemistry. For related information see category 34 Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics. For astrochemistry see category 90
Astrophysics.
20060001773 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
General Atomics Smart Microsensors - FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results
Hammond, Mark H.; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L.; Gottuk, Daniel T.; Lynch, James A.; Tillett, Duane; Streckert, Holger H.;
Williams, Frederick W.; Oct. 31, 2005; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-03-WX-20800
Report No.(s): AD-A440173; NRL/MR/6110-05-8924; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report describes the cermet sensors and system control software recently evaluated in laboratory tests for shipboard
damage control. The tests were conducted to generate a database of sensor responses to fire and nuisance sources for algorithm
development, and to develop fire detection alarm algorithms. In this work, the cermet sensors incorporate four sensors with
multivariate analysis methods and classification algorithms for detecting a wide variety of analytes, including toxic industrial
chemicals, fires, and nuisance sources. The test series successfully demonstrated the functionality and performance of the
microsensor system for use in fire detection. The detection system demonstrated the ability to detect flaming and smoldering
fires at the same level as the commercial multicriteria detector. It was on average 2.5 to 5. 5 minutes faster for smoldering fires
versus all detector types evaluated, and 50 to 80 seconds faster for flaming fires versus multicriteria and photoelectric
35

detectors, but 50 seconds slower than the ionization detector. The system needs improvement in addressing fire-like nuisances.
DTIC
Cermets; Fires; Microinstrumentation; Sensors
20060001786 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA
Energetic Materials Modeling for Rocket Propulsion
Boatz, Jerry; Mills, Jeffrey; Aug. 1, 2005; 27 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2303
Report No.(s): AD-A440208; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
OUTLINE: 1. Introduction; 2. Technical challenges in propellant design; 3. Modeling and Simulation (M&S) techniques
& tools: (a) Quantum chemistry; (b) High Performance Computing (HPC); 4. Examples: (a) Identification of suitable target
compounds; (b) Determination of viable intermediates; (c) Confirmation of successful synthesis; 5. Challenges and
Bottlenecks; 6. Summary and Conclusions.
DTIC
Explosives; Propulsion; Rocket Propellants
20060001796 Structured Materials Industries, Inc., Piscataway, NJ USA
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
Tompa, G. S.; Provost, L. G.; Cuchiaro, J.; Jun. 1, 2000; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440254; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Transparent and conductive films, well known for their historical roles in solar cells and displays, are receiving renewed
attention due to the need for increased performance requirements and for advanced applications that are being developed.
While there are many methods to deposit thin films, Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) is of particular
importance for producing high quality films over large areas in a manufacturing mode. Important features of MOCVD include
excellent conformality of deposited films, elimination of pinhole type defects, the absence of radiation process induced
damage, and low particle counts. Over the past several years, we have devoted our efforts to developing and advancing the
MOCVD process and systems technology, primarily using Rotating Disk Reactors (RDRs), and advancing the breadth of
deposited oxide materials for several applications. The deposition technology, which will be reviewed, has been scaled from
a 5 deposition diameter through to 12 diameter. We have found that MOCVD has been able to produce a wide range of oxide
materials under a variety of processing conditions and that the technology is readily scalable. Systems technology, processing
parameters and results for MOCVD of transparent (visible and IR) and conductive oxides will be reviewed. Advanced
materials development and applications such as production of luminescent or p-type ZnO and related oxides, development of
amorphous, polycrystalline and single crystal films and applicability in photovoltaics, LEDs or lasers, detectors, and others
will also be addressed.
DTIC
Metal Vapors; Oxide Films; Oxides; Thin Films; Vapor Deposition
20060001821 Engineering Research and Consulting, Inc., Edwards AFB, CA USA
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of Aluminum Hydride in Argon
Ismail, Ismail M.; Hawkins, Tom W.; May 1, 2005; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-5026
Report No.(s): AD-A440306; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Thermogravimetric analysis was utilized to investigate the decomposition kinetics of alane (AlH3) in argon atmosphere
and to shed light on the mechanism of alane decomposition. Two kinetic models have been successfully developed and used
to propose a mechanism for the complete decomposition of alane and to predict its shelf-life during storage. Under
non-isothermal heating, alane decomposes in two steps; the slowest is solely controlled by solid state nucleation of aluminum
crystals; the fastest is due to growth of the crystals. Thus, during decomposition, hydrogen gas is liberated and the initial
polyhedra AlH3 crystals yield final amorphous aluminum particles. Nucleation of aluminum atoms is the rate determining step.
After establishing the kinetic model, prediction calculations indicated that alane can be stored in inert atmosphere at
temperatures below 10 degrees C for long periods of time (e.g. 15 years) without significant decomposition. After 15 years
storage, the kinetic model predicts ^ 0.1% decomposition. Storage at higher temperatures (e.g. 30 degrees C) is not
recommended.
DTIC
Aluminum; Aluminum Hydrides; Argon; Decomposition; Hydrides; Kinetics; Reaction Kinetics; Thermal Decomposition;
Thermogravimetry
36

20060001932 Air Force Research Lab., Kirkland AFB, NM USA
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
Pineda, Andrew C.; Karna, Shashi P.; Jan. 1, 2005; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2305
Report No.(s): AD-A440626; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
In this paper, we present the results of our first-principles quantum mechanical studies of the electronic structure,
geometry, and linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of tetrahedral GaN atomic clusters. Our calculated results suggest
that the linear and NLO properties both exhibit a strong dependence upon cluster size and shape (geometry). However, the
size- and the geometry-dependences are more pronounced for the NLO properties than for the linear optical properties. For
clusters containing equal numbers of Ga and N atoms, an open-structure with no network-forming ring has a much larger
second-order NLO coefficient than a cluster with a closed ring structure.
DTIC
Gallium Nitrides; Linear Systems; Nanotechnology; Nonlinear Systems; Nonlinearity; Optical Properties
20060001933 Jiaotong Univ., Shanghai, China
New Graduate Student for Silicon QC Project
Tucker, John R.; Oct. 8, 2005; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0579
Report No.(s): AD-A440645; ARO-42643.1-PH-QC; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
This grant has provided funding for an additional graduate student, Stephen J. Robinson, to work on ARO/ARDA project
DAAD-19-00-1-0407, ‘Controlled Coupling of Donor Atom Wavefunctions in Silicon’, at the University of Illinois under the
supervision of Co-PI John Tucker. Stephen’s research involves fabrication of the ion-implanted contact arrays used for
atom-scale STM P donor device fabrication, and low temperature measurements to characterize their properties. His efforts
have been closely coordinated with T.-C. Shen, PI, and my fifth-year graduate student Jeffrey Kline working at Utah State
University. Dr. Kline has recently graduated with a Ph.D. and is currently a NIST Fellow at Boulder, working to fabricate
epitaxial superconductor tunnel junctions for QC experiments in that area. A portion of his salary as a graduate student was
also supported by this grant. Stephen Robinson has recently moved to Utah State and will complete his Ph.D. in the coming
year. He and Prof. Shen are currently working to demonstrate epitaxial single-electron transistors for use in QC spin-state
detection. Both Stephen and Jeff have made very substantial contributions to demonstrating P-donor nanowires as the first step
toward an integrated Si QC architecture.
DTIC
Quantum Theory; Silicon; Students
20060002341 ISRO Satellite Centre, Peenya, Bangalore, India
Understanding Pseudo Electrolyte-Leak Behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells
Veena, R.; Venugopalan, S.; Usha, K.; Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume 15, No. 2; July 2005, pp. 40-45; In English;
See also 20060002338; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents experiments conducted to prove that even a potential difference of the order of 0.3 V to 1 V that
typically exists between cell terminal and cell case of positively precharged Ni-H2 cells, in fully discharged open circuit
conditions may cause pseudo indication of electrolyte leak in the cells.
Author
Electrolytes; Hydrogen; Leakage
20060002363 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
DPB Hydrogen Getters on Pd (110) Its Action and the Effect of Impurities
Maiti, A.; Gee, R.; Mar. 14, 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016405; UCRL-CONF-210504; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to investigate the action of hydrogen getter 1,4-diphenyl-butadiyne, or DPB,
on Pd(110) surface. We study reaction pathways and energetics of several relevant processes, including H(sub 2) adsorption,
dissociation and migration on the metal surface, getter-metal interaction, and the energetics of H uptake by the getter. We also
explore the effect of impurities like CO and CO(sub 2) on the action of the getter. Activation barriers for certain reactions are
37

computed to shed light on the feasibility of such processes at room temperature.
NTIS
Getters; Hydrogen; Impurities
20060002464 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Assessment of Raman Spectroscopy as a Silicone Pad Production Diagnostic
Saab, A. P.; Balazs, G. B.; Maxwell, R. S.; Mar. 13, 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016416; UCRL-TR-212264; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Silicone pressure pads are currently deployed in the W80. The mechanical properties of these pads are largely based on
the degree of crosslinking between the polymer components that comprise the raw gumstock from which they are formed.
Therefore, it is desirable for purposes of both production and systematic study of these materials to have a rapid, reliable
means of assaying the extent of crosslinking. The present report describes the evaluation of Raman spectroscopy in this
capacity.
NTIS
Raman Spectroscopy; Silicones; Spectroscopy
26
METALS AND METALLIC MATERIALS
Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of metals and metallic materials; and metallurgy.
20060001251 Tamkang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan, Province of China
Multiobjective Design Optimization of Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance Of Micro-Compliant
Mechanisms
Lin, Chih-Feng; Shih, Chien-Jong; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005, pp. 999-1003;
In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC-92-2212-E-032-014; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents the analytic flexure hinge, involved in design optimization for a compliant mechanism, as a one-piece
member. Several objective functions simultaneously arise in optimization to enhance the magnification factor in improving the
mechanism s performance. A compliant micro-gripper, after pseudo-rigid-body model synthesis, is adopted in the paper to
illustrate the present design process. The final design shows a noticeable improvement over the initial design i n previous
publications.
Author
Microstructure; Hinges; Flexing; Design Optimization
20060001799 Universitaet der Bundeswehr, Hamburg, Germany
Numerical Simulation of Hydrogen Assisted Cracking in Supermartensitic Stainless Steel Welds
Viyanit, Ekkarut; Jan. 27, 2005; 223 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440262; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Replacement of expensive duplex stainless steel and conventional carbon steel by a new generation of supermartensitic
stainless steel has been taken into account since the last decade in order to meet the technical-economical challenge for
transportation flowlines of unprocessed oil and gas products in offshore technology. Supermartensitic stainless steels can
provide appropriate material properties, such as: improved strength-to-weight ratio, enhanced useful corrosion resistance, as
well as application at relatively low cost. With decreased carbon content and increased molybdenum content compared to
traditional martensitic stainless steel, hydrogen assisted stress corrosion cracking (HASCC) problems have been found during
service caused by hydrogen being taken up during service environments by cathodic protection. Hydrogen assisted cold
cracking in supermartensitic stainless steel can also occur during fabrication welding with hydrogen picked up during welding,
since this steel is relatively crack-susceptible by hydrogen. Therefore, effects of hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC), i.e.
HASCC and HACC, on characteristic susceptibility of girth welds of supermartensitic stainless steel pipelines, are studied in
the present thesis by numerical modelling, which is developed using an available commercial finite element program.
DTIC
Hydrogen; Martensite; Stainless Steels; Welded Joints
38

20060002394 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition
Moutinho, H. R.; Jiang, C. S.; Xu, Y.; To, B.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016400; NREL/CP-520-37345; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We have studied the growth of silicon thin films by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition under different conditions of
filament temperature (Tf) and hydrogen dilution ratio (R). We found that these two parameters have a similar effect on the
properties of the deposited films and show how they interact to control the growth dynamics. For relatively low values of Tf
and/or R, the films are amorphous. An increase in the value of these parameters results in the appearance of a new phase,
characterized by heavily faulted (220)-oriented columnar grains; for even higher values, a randomly oriented nanocrystalline
phase appears. In general, there is more than one phase present in the film, and the microstructure varies as we go from the
bottom to the top of the film. Although Tf and R have similar effects on the physical properties, they affect the deposition rate
in a different way.
NTIS
Silicon; Thin Films; Vapor Deposition; Vapors
31
ENGINEERING (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to engineering and applied physics, and particular areas of vacuum technology, industrial
engineering, cryogenics, and fire prevention. For specific topics in engineering see categories 32 through 39.
20060000051 Odyssey Research Associates, Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Conclusions and Recommendations
Craigen, Dan; Validation, Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems; October 2005, pp. 7-1 - 7-5; In English; See
also 20060000049; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
In this final section of the report we summarize our conclusions and recommendations. These points were formed during
the writing of the above sections, but were specifically formed during two days of meetings in Prague, The Czech Republic,
in October 2003. In general terms, we find that much of our discussion is not specific to embedded systems; the problems of
verification, validation and certification encompass many kinds of systems. We observe that trust, in itself, is a
sociological-technical matter; it is not attained wholly through technical means. In the Terms of Reference for the Task Group,
it is stated that the ’...Task Group is to review the techniques currently used in the software industry to product high quality
products; an appropriate number of methods and software life-cycle metrics for systems of relevant complexity should also
be examined, particularly those which are supported by fully operational environments. At the conclusion of this activity, the
Task Group should deliver a report addressing the following topics: Assessment of current technical capabilities and relevance
of these techniques and methods to embedded military systems. Assessment of relative strengths and limitations of these
methods. Assessment of current research trends in testing, formal methods, and requirements traceability. Specific
recommendations for military application of these techniques. and Recommendation for future NATO IST efforts, if relevant,
such as Symposium or Workshop.’ For the rest of this section, we provide a summary discussion of each of the aforementioned
topics.
Derived from text
Certification; Software Engineering; Assessments; Requirements
20060000054 National Aerospace Lab., Amsterdam, Netherlands
Standards
Kesseler, Ernst; Validation, Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems; October 2005, pp. 5-1 - 5-9; In English; See
also 20060000049; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI
on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
In air transport, the safety rules and regulations have evolved separately for the various services. Consequently for any
integrated system many, not necessarily harmonized standards apply. All discussed standards share the notion that software
has to be classified according to the system hazards the software failure would cause or contribute to. This information is
obtained from Functional Hazard Analysis (FHA) plus (Preliminary) System Safety Assessment (P)SSA. Based on this
information, the software providing the service will be classified. For each class a number of standard specific requirements
39

have to be satisfied. Usually, an independent authority checks compliance with the requirements and approves complying
products as fit for use.
Derived from text
Standards; Air Transportation; Regulations; Safety Factors
20060001894 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ USA
Snapshot-Imaging Spectropolarimeter
Hagen, Nathan; Dereniak, Eustace L.; Nov. 17, 2005; 21 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-03-1-0276
Report No.(s): AD-A440469; ARO-44522.1-PH; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We have constructed a snapshot imaging spectropolarimeter for use in the visible spectrum, ultimately with the aim of
obtaining imaging measurements of dynamic stress across a transparent material. After constructing the instrument, we found
that a new calibration methodology was necessary in order to retain sufficient spectral resolution. Modifying the calibration
enabled the instrument to obtain useful measurements, but the utility of the instrument is still severely hampered by the
limitations of its design and its sensitivity to noise. This led to study of how the instrument design can be modified to optimize
its performance, and how the reconstruction algorithms can be modified to improve their accuracy in the presence of noise.
DTIC
Imaging Techniques; Polarimeters; Spectrometers
20060002244 Boeing Aerospace Co., USA
Global Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance Systems Program - Progress and Plans
Meserole, Jere S.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-16; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
As part of the FAA s strategy for addressing aviation system security requirements and projected capacity shortfalls, the
Global Communication, Navigation, and Surveillance System (GCNSS) Program began in July 2002. The GCNSS Program
provides a foundation for multi-agency collaboration by producing early results that define and demonstrate several key
elements of a next generation ATM system. GCNSS is conducting applied research of existing technologies for the purpose
of enhancing ATM through improved products and services. Phase I concluded in August 2004, and Phase II has been
underway since. Phase II consists of two parts: (1) preliminary development of system wide information management (SWIM)
and (2) a joint-agency network enabled operations (NEO) security demonstration and experiment. The SWIM activity
followed directly from the final part of Phase I and extends into the first quarter of 2006, while the NEO security demonstration
is a 10-month effort that began in January 2005.
Author
Information Management; Navigation; Telecommunication
20060002262 Federal Aviation Administration, USA
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
Apaza, Rafael; Matolak, David; Donovan, Todd; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 5 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Workshop Started at 3:20pm, on Wednesday May 4, 2005, with the attached presentation by Rafael Apaza The questions
were offered for consideration: What R&D and technologies being developed may be most appropriate for airport surface
wireless networks? What will be the most important future concepts of use of the airport surface network? What are the most
significant initial deployment issues? Any technology barriers? What are some feasible surface and terminal airspace
communication system ‘seamless transition’ concepts? What are the major cost issues, and are there any such issues that
appear insurmountable?
Derived from text
Wireless Communication; Airports; Deployment; Research and Development
40

32
COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
Includes radar; radio, wire, and optical communications; land and global communications; communications theory. For related
information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications,
Command and Tracking; for search and rescue, see 03 Air Transportation and Safety; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety.
20060001559 Federal Aviation Administration, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures of Voice Communications System Performance
Prinzo, O. Veronika; McClellan, Mark; October 2005; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FAA-AM-B-03-HRR-516
Report No.(s): DOT/FAA/AM-05/19; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Effective communications in the National Airspace System (NAS) is an essential safety component of successful air
travel. As the NAS migrates from its current ground infrastructure and voice communications system to one that encompasses
both ground and airborne systems, digital data transmission may become the principal communication medium. As
technological advances lead to innovations in communications system development, these emerging systems will be evaluated
against the existing legacy system’s performance parameters such as setup delay, voice streaming, pause duration, and
message propagation. The data presented here are but a first step in providing objective and quantifiable communications
system performance metrics that may prove valuable to communication systems developers and personnel charged with
evaluating, a certifying, and deploying the next generation of communications systems. The authors analyzed nearly 8,000
transmissions that represented the busiest air-ground communications from the five terminal radar approach control facilities
with the highest number of operations in the contiguous USA. Typically, setup delays lasted 81 ms, voice streaming 2568 ms,
pause duration 127 ms, and message propagation 73 ms for a total of 2849 ms per transmission. On average, transmissions
were separated by 1736 ms of silence. Disruptions to efficient information transfer can result from blocked, stepped-on, and
clipped transmissions--but they are rare events and occurred in only 1.16% of the sampled transmissions. A comparison
between aircraft with and without disruptions revealed that when a disruption was present, an average of 14.54 messages were
transmitted, compared with an average of 9.90 messages when no disruption was present. Even so, there appears to be some
type of detection mechanism in place to alert the controller to the presence of blocked transmissions. The source is of this
detection system is unclear; however, systems developers may want to exploit and expand this capability to include stepped-on
and clipped transmissions.
Author
Air Traffıc Control; Radar Approach Control; Terminal Guidance; Voice Communication; National Airspace System
20060001595 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous Acoustic Medium
Shefi, Amnon; Therrien, Charles W.; Kirk, Donald E.; Saez, Rigoberto; Friedlander, Benjamin; IEEE International Conference
on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 12.8.1 - 12.8.4; In English; See also
20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A method is presented for acoustic passive multipath target tracking in the ocean. The method accounts for the
inhomogenuity of the medium by integration of a prefilter into the tracking algorithm. The prefilter uses the output of an
eigenray acoustic model computed over a two dimensional (2-D) grid of possible target positions (depth, range). The function
is inverted and interpolated to form a transfer function from propagation time delay differences to range and depth. A three
dimensional (3-D) maneuvering target estimator is used and its performance is evaluated. The results demonstrate the strong
effects of the medium on the tracking concept.
Author
Multipath Transmission; Acoustics; Interpolation; Tracking (Position); Transfer Functions; Algorithms; Depth
20060001614 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA
Co-Channel Speech Separation
Childers, D. G.; Lee, C. K.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 6.4.1 - 6.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of separating two voices which co-exist on a single channel. This
algorithm produces an initial estimate of the speech spectrum for each talker, and then employs multisignal minimum-crossentropy
spectral analysis to improve the initial spectral estimates by accounting for the characteristics of the known composite
speech signal. Results of listening tests and spectral distortion comparisons show that the proposed algorithm can recover the
41

desired speech with better intelligibility than other speech separation techniques.
Author
Distortion; Intelligibility; Speech
20060001634 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA
A Fast Transversal Filter for Adaptive Line Enhancement
Slock, D. T. M.; Cioffi, J. M.; Kailath, T.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 11.7.1-11.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAG29-85-K-0048; AF83-0228; N00014-85-K-0550; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The important problem of Adaptive Line Enhancing (ALE) is addressed in this paper. Its solution involves an Adaptive
Notch Filter (ANF)using a minimal parameter constrained infinite impulse response (IIR) model in conjunction with the
Recursive Prediction Error Method (RPEM). A Fast Transversal Filter (FTF) algorithm for the adaptive RLS-type updating
of the linear phase filter is presented.
Author (revised)
Adaptive Filters; Linear Filters; Mathematical Models
20060001659 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN, USA
Incorporated Robustness in Narrowband Signal Subspace Spatial Spectral Estimators
Buckley, Kevin M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 2.7.1 - 2.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Signal subspace spectral estimation algorithms are, by design, highly sensitive to differences between assumed source
observation models and actual source observations. In spatial spectral estimation, where observations are derived from
different array elements and are a function of various source propagation and observation parameters, accurate source
modeling is often not possible. As a result, when incorrect values of model parameters are assumed, signal subspace algorithm
performance is degraded. In this paper, an approach for incorporating robustness to assumed model parameter values is
investigated. The approach is based on: 1) a representation of rank-1 sources in an low-rank subspace; and 2) a signal subspace
projection algorithm suggested by Schrnidt. In addition to providing robustness to certain types of parameter variations, the
approach provides a computationally efficient way of searching through some multidimensional parameter spaces.
Author
Narrowband; Robustness (Mathematics); Signals
20060001674 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA, USA
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
Griffiths, Lloyd J.; Rude, Michael J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.1.1-4.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 4901EP 26795; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In least-squares estimation problems, a desired signal d(n) is estimated using a linear combination of L successive data
samples, [x (n), x (n-1) ..... z (n-L +1)]. The weight set W(sub opt) which minimizes the mean-square error between d(n) and
the estimate is given by the product of the inverse data covariance matrix and the cross-correlation between the data vector
and the desired signal, i.e. the P-vector. For those cases in which time samples of both the desired and data vector signals are
available, a variety of adaptive methods have been proposed which will guarantee that an iterative weight vector W(sub a) (n)
converges (in some sense) to the optimal solution. Two which have been extensively studied are the recursive least-squares
(RLS) method and the LMS gradient approximation approach.
Author
Covariance; Adaptive Filters; Matrices (Mathematics); Estimating; Mean Square Values
20060001684 Hong Kong Univ., Hong Kong
A Second Generation Silicon Compiler for Bit-Serial Signal Processing Architecture
Cheung, Y. S.; Leung, S. C.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 487-490; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a silicon compiler for hit serial signal processing architecture. Some of its features are inherited from
the FIRST compiler. A description language is designed to provide a higher-level abstraction and concise specification of
physical systems. The compiler automatically computes all the necessary timing requirements for bit-serial time-alignment .
42

and generates the necessary control networks. Two examples, a second order autorecursive filter and a fast Fourier transform
processor are used as illustrations of the features provided by the compiler.
Author
Silicon Transistors; Signal Processing; Compilers
20060001695 IBM Federal Systems Div., Manassas, VA, USA
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a Known Rotation
Johnson, G. W.; Modugno, E. J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 12.2.1-12.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The passive determination of conical-bearing angle from a line array is routinely accomplished by estimating the
differences in the arrival times of an acoustic wavefront along the aperture. The conversion from a conical bearing angle to
a true bearing (azimuth) angle requires an estimate of the depression/elevation angle of the source. This paper shows that the
observation of time-delay estimates over a known rotation of the line array is an effective procedure for true angle estimation.
Theoretical performance analysis and Monte Carlo simulation results are presented for a broad optimal algorithm which
utilizes all of the available time delay information over the array rotation. This work has significant implications regarding
source localization from line arrays.
Author
Elevation Angle; Rotation; Time Lag; Algorithms; Arrays
20060001711 Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research, Bombay, India
A Speech Enhancement Method Based on Kalman Filtering
Paliwal, K. K.; Basu, Anjan; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 6.3.1-6.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, the problem of speech enhancement when only corrupted speech signal is available for processing is
considered. For this, the Kalman filtering method is studied and compared with the Wiener filtering method. Its performance
is found to be significantly better than the Wiener filtering method. A delayed-Kalman filtering method is also proposed which
improves the speech enhancement performance of Kalman filter further.
Author
Kalman Filters; Wiener Filtering; Words (Language)
20060001715 Advanced Decision Systems, Mountain View, CA, USA
Knowledge Based Object Detection Using SAR Images
Wang, David L.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 7.16.1-7.16.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DACA86-C-0010; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
One of the basic research problems in analyzing synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is the detection of man-made
objects. This paper presents a detection paradigm composed of an adaptive segmentation algorithm based on a priori
knowledge of objects followed by a top-down hierarchical detection process that generates and evaluates object hypotheses.
At the end of this process the most likely hypothesis for the object is selected. The hierarchical structure allows the use of
shadow information and inter-object relationships to improve performance over that of a statistical detector based only on the
properties of individual objects.
Author
Radar Imagery; Synthetic Aperture Radar; Knowledge Based Systems
20060001724 Exxon Production Research Company, Houston, TX, USA
Fitting Noncausal Autoregressive Signal Plus Noise Models to Noisy Non-Gaussian Linear Processes
Tugnait, Jitendra K.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 324-327; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The problem of estimating parameters of a noncausal autoregressive signal from noisy observations is considered. The
signal is assumed to be non-Gaussian. The measurement noise is allowed to be non-Gaussian. Two techniques that use both
autocorrelations and third-order autocumulants of the data are presented for parameter estimation. Strong consistency of the
proposed techniques is proved under certain sufficient conditions. Knowledge of the probability distribution of the driving
43

noise is not required. Simulation examples are presented to illustrate the two methods. The problem of model order selection
is also addressed.
Author
Parameter Identification; Signal Processing; Autoregressive Processes; Noise Spectra
20060001727 Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Discrete All-Pole Modeling for Voiced Speech
El-Jaroudi, Amro; Makhoul, John; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 8.9.1 - 8.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new method is introduced for parametric modeling of spectral envelopes when only a discrete set of spectral points is
given. This method, which we call Discrete All-Pole (DAP) modeling, uses a discrete version of the Itakura-Saito distortion
measure as its error criterion. DAP overcomes the limitations of linear prediction and produces better fitting spectral envelopes
for spectra that are representable by a relatively small discrete set of values, such as in voiced speech. The method is especially
relevant when the pitch frequency is high as in female speech.
Author
Discrete Functions; Frequencies; Voice Communication
20060001785 Connecticut Univ., Storrs, CT USA
Analytic Model Driven Organizational Design and Experimentation in Adaptive Command and Control
Levchuk, Yuri N.; Pattipati, Krishna R.; Kleinman, David L.; Jan. 1, 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-93-1-0793
Report No.(s): AD-A440207; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for the design of experiments to examine the organizational
behavior of command and control teams operating in a complex mission environment. This methodology can be used to design
an executable model for human-in-the-loop, model-based experiments that provide the necessary empirical components for
current and future research in adaptive C2 architectures. The authors discuss a joint model of a mission and an organization
to specify the structure of the mission, organizational constraints and processes, and the requirements for an organizational
design. Their methodology illustrates the underlying principles that guide the design of organizations. The paper provides an
analytical starting point for model-based experimental research on adaptive architectures. In coordination with companion
empirical efforts, it seeks to integrate optimization, modeling, and simulation-based research efforts with psychology-based
and experimental activities to conduct humans-in-the-loop, model-driven experiments studying adaptive C2 architectures. The
proposed models drive the formulation of hypotheses, the determination of key variables and their values, and the prediction
of organizational performance and the processes of adaptation. The generated measures of organizational performance provide
a basis for post-experimental model-data comparison. In addition, the implementation of the design procedure in software
allows one to estimate the optimal experimental conditions to test a specific hypothesis. The empirical findings will assist a
modeler in identifying new design parameters affecting organizational performance to further study the dependency of
organizational performance on the mission structure and on organizational design.
DTIC
Adaptation; Adaptive Control; Command and Control; Experiment Design; Mathematical Models; Models; Organizations
20060001838 Aptima, Inc., Woburn, MA USA
Building Adaptive Organizations: A Bridge from Basic Research to Operational Exercises
Hess, Kathleen P.; Hess, Stephen M.; Kemple, William G.; Hocevar, Susan P.; Entin, Elliot E.; Hutchins, Susan G.; Kleinman,
David L.; Serfaty, Daniel; Jan. 1, 2005; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-C-0255
Report No.(s): AD-A440347; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Realizing the benefits of network-centric warfare -- in terms of improved access to high-quality information, speed of
command, and dominant application of forces -- will require a synergy among three dimensions of change: technology, force
organization, and team processes. To achieve the potential advantages of new technological capabilities requires that the
military reexamine old rules of business and force-structures and recast them in ways that allow for increased flexibility and
application of force where and when it is required. Experiments and exercises designed to explore alternative structures,
processes, and the impacts of information technologies are complex, precisely because they force change in all three
dimensions. The challenge of assessing the impacts of these changes in terms of individual, team, and overall organizational
44

performance, are great. This paper describes an approach to dealing with the complexity of assessment described above
through the application of ‘bridge’ experiments that start with a blend of modeling and experimentation in the laboratory -to
thoroughly explore core concepts and test new assessment ideas under controlled conditions -- and scale to meet the
challenges of field-level performance assessment by emphasizing those issues that proved to be performance drivers in the
laboratory.
DTIC
Command and Control; Evaluation; Organizations; Research; System Effectiveness; War Games; Warfare
20060001872 Maryland Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
Ratsimor, Olga; Finin, Tim; Joshi, Anupam; Yesha, Yelena; Jan. 1, 2005; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-2-0591
Report No.(s): AD-A440420; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In recent years, the growth of Mobile Computing, Electronic Commerce and Mobile Electronic Commerce has created
a new concept of Mobile Electronic Marketing. New marketing models are being developed and used to target mobile users.
A mobile environment introduces new challenges that need to be overcome by these marketing models in order to be
successful and effective. This paper proposes a framework, called eNcentive, which addresses many of the issues that are
characteristic of mobile environments. eNcentive facilitates peer-to-peer electronic marketing in mobile ad hoc environments.
Our framework employs an intelligent marketing scheme, by providing users the capability to collect information like sales
promotions and discounts. Users can propagate this marketing information to other users in the network. Participating users
benefit from such circulation since businesses that originally created the promotions reward the active distributors with
additional promotions and other compensations.
DTIC
Electronic Commerce; Marketing; Wireless Communication
20060001929 Alphatech, Inc., Burlington, MA USA
Optimized Command and Control Architectures for Improved Process and Performance
Entin, Elliot E.; Jan. 1, 2005; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-95-C-0125
Report No.(s): AD-A440605; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Evidence in a recent study contrasting team performance in traditional unoptimized architectures to performance in
non-traditional optimized architectures showed higher performance in the traditional unoptimized architectures. This was the
case despite the fact that the optimization process matched the architecture to the mission and reduced internodal coordination.
The experimenters surmised that unfamiliarity with the non-traditional optimized architectures was an important reason for
the lower performance in the optimized architectures. The present experiment was conducted to improve upon the design used
in the previous experiment so that a valid comparison could be made between a traditional non-optimized architecture and a
nontraditional optimized one. As expected, once teams were afforded sufficient training with the non-traditional optimized
architecture, they performed higher with it than with a traditional unoptimized architecture. The results provide support for
a simple model linking architecture type through team processes to performance.
DTIC
Command and Control; Communication Networks; Optimization
20060001931 Aptima, Inc., Woburn, MA USA
Adaptive Architectures for Command and Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation of Organizational Congruence
and Adaptation
Diedrich, Frederick J.; Hocevar, Susan P.; Entin, Elliot E.; Hutchins, Susan G.; Kemple, William G.; Kleinman, Davied L.;
Apr. 19, 2005; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-C-0255
Report No.(s): AD-A440624; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
How do teams cope with a misalignment between their organizational structures and mission requirements? Through a
series of empirical and modeling efforts, our long-term goal is to understand the nature of organizational congruence, and to
predict and measure the effects of a lack of congruence on the behaviors of organizations as they strive to adapt. In this paper,
45

we present a series of lessons learned based on a pilot experiment in which we explored the performance of two organizations
(functional and divisional) performing a single mission, which in this case, was not designed to favor a particular organization.
The lessons learned here suggest a variety of empirical strategies to further our investigations, including measures of
performance, rigorous attention to team and mission definitions, and precise planning of training structure. Our findings
suggest that each of these factors has the potential to profoundly influence the results, reflecting the multiple factors that shape
team performance.
DTIC
Command and Control; Congruences; Organizations
20060002073 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information
Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2
Takahashi, Tetsuo, Editor; Tawara, Yasuo, Editor; Watanabe, Katsuya, Editor; Tomita, Fumihiko, Editor; Kurihara, Noriyuki,
Editor; Okada, Kazunori, Editor; March/June 2005; 313 pp.; In English; See also 20060002074 - 20060002101; Original
contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Contents include the following: 1. Researches on Information Security in NICT. Technologies for Security of the Internet.
Study on Process Model for Internet Risk Analysis. Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure Overlay Networks. A
Development of Experimental Environments ‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing Internet Security Incidents.
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program by Static Detection. Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting Illegal Access. Log
Management System Based on Distributed Database Using P2P Network. The Mathematics Models and an Actual Proof
Experiment for IP Traceback System. Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -A New Approach. Countermeasures Against
Information Leakage. Subgroup Membership Problem and Its Applications to Information Security. A Functional
Cryptosystem Using a Group Action. A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus Two Hyperelliptic Curves. An Expansion
Algorithm for Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key Ciphers. A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KASUMI. On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis. Error Detection and Authentication in Quantum Key Distribution. Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions..
CASI
Computer Information Security; Computer Viruses; Management Systems; Information Systems
20060002080 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Japan
A Functional Cryptosystem Using a Group Action
Yamamura, Akihiro; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on
Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 101-110; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
The main purpose of this paper is to examine applications of group cryptography. We construct a backward deterministic
system employing the action of the modular group on the upper half plane and the amalgamated free product structure of the
group. We invent a geometrical algorithm that finds the normal form of an element of the modular group effectively. This
algorithm makes our backward deterministic system tractable. Using the backward deterministic system, we invent a
public-key cryptosystem in terms of a functional cryp system.
Author
Algorithms; Cryptography; Group Theory; Modularity
20060002099 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular Phone Systems During Disasters
Okada, Kazunori; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on
Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 289-299; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
Call demand suddenly and greatly increases during major disasters, because people want to check on their families and
friends in the stricken area. Many call attempts in mobile cellular systems are blocked due to limited radio frequency
resources. In this paper, as a solution to this problem, limiting the holding time of calls is investigated and a dynamic holding
time limit (DHTL) method, which varies the holding time limit dynamically based on the number of call attempts is proposed.
The effect of limiting holding time is investigated first using a computer simulation with a constant and heavy traffic load
46

model. This simulation shows that the average holding time of calls is decreased as the holding time limit is reduced. But it
also shows limiting the holding time decreases the number of calls blocked and forced call terminations at handover
considerably. Next a simple estimation method for the holding time limit, which reduces the blocking rate to the normal rate
for increasing call demand, is described. Finally, results are given of a simulation, which show that the DHTL method keeps
good performance for a sudden and great traffic load fluctuation condition.
Author
Computerized Simulation; Radio Frequencies; Time Dependence; Disasters; Telephones; Mobile Communication Systems
20060002168 Oki Electric Industry Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo Canceller
Maeno, Takahiro; Kobayashi, Masaki; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 442-445; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes the characteristics of an echo canceller that is based on a system of orthogonal functions. The
features of the adaptive digital filter that employs a system of orthogonal functions (orthogonal-function ADF) will first be
described. The poles can be positioned at any desired location inside the unit circle on the z-plane in the orthogonal-function
ADF and the convergence speed does not decrease even when the poles are positioned. A computer simulation was conducted
to compare the convergence speeds when a white signal and colored signal were used as the input signal. Simulation confirmed
that the convergence speed of the orthogonal-function ADF decreases only slightly when a colored signal is used as the input
signal, compared with the speed when a white signal is used.
Author
Digital Filters; Adaptive Filters; Orthogonal Functions; Convergence; Computerized Simulation
20060002169 Oki Electric Industry Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
Improved Double Integration Delta-Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A Conversion
Shoji, Yasuo; Suzuke, Takeo; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 451-454;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a new form of ‘double integration’ delta sigma modulator as the analog-to-digital and
digital-to-analog converter for the voiceband signals. It has the following three features compared with the earlier double
integration delta sigma modulator. 1) The processing of the sampling rate can be executed at 1/2 clock speed. 2) The
low-voltage power drive and expansion of the dynamic range are possible because the internal integral voltage is 1/2 or less.
3) The noise component out of the baseband is attenuated more effectively to improve the signal-to-noise ratios. The properties
of this new modulator and its performance are demonstrated with computer simulations. type is advantageous from the
viewpoint of the circuit scale.
Author
Digital to Analog Converters; Analog to Digital Converters; Delta Modulation; Signal to Noise Ratios; Voice
Communication; Electric Potential; Dynamic Range
20060002245 Frequentis G.m.b.H., Vienna, Austria
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements over Core Europe
Prinz, Johannes; Rihacek, Christoph; Sajatovic, Miodrag; Zazo, Santiago; Lopez-Perez, Javier; Perez-Alvarez, Ivan A.;
Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop;
November 2005, pp. 1-21; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The Broadband-VHF (B-VHF) project aims to develop a new integrated broadband VHF system for aeronautical voice
and data link communications based on Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) technology. The B-VHF
project is being conducted within the 6th Framework Programme of the European Commission (EC). The B-VHF system is
intended to be deployed as an overlay system within the VHF aeronautical communications (COM) band (118- 137 MHz) by
exploiting parts of the VHF spectrum that appear to be effectively unused by existing DSB-AM and other narrowband (NB)
VHF systems. Alternative B-VHF deployment scenarios include other communications bands up to 1 GHz (e.g. DME band).
These parts of the VHF spectrum, which can be re-used by the B-VHF system are location-dependent and are based on the
overall current VHF channel occupancy observed during a defined time period. For the purposes of the B-VHF project, the
VHF occupancy was defined as a fraction of channels (percentage of all 761 VHF narrowband channels) for which the
47

eceived instantaneous power level has - at least instantaneously - exceeded the selected threshold value (dBm).
Author (revised)
Very High Frequencies; Voice Communication; Systems Integration; Data Links; Broadband
20060002252 AeroSat Corp., USA
Transformational Cost Reduction for Airborne Internet
Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop;
November 2005, pp. 1-14; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Airborne internet objective are: To enable a safe, more secure, more cost efficient NAS. By eliminating communications
as a constraint. On the economic viability of aviation related applications: very low cost; very high speed; scaleable;
ubiquitous; secure; open; evolutionary.
Derived from text
Cost Reduction; Internets; Viability
20060002261 Mitre Corp., USA
The Right Radar Backup for ADS-B
Crane, Leslie; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-30; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
When ADS-B replaces radar in the National Airspace System as the principal surveillance tool for air traffic control, what
will be the role of radar as a surveillance backup? What are the backup surveillance requirements? What are the tradeoffs
between primary and secondary radar as a backup system? This presentation addresses these questions and presents alternative
scenarios for radar surveillance backup for ADS-B.
Author
Air Traffıc Control; Secondary Radar; Surveillance
20060002264 Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC, USA
Communications Operating Concept and Requirements for the Future Radio System
Anderson, Gregg; Gonda, John; Chavez, Patricia; Hung, Brian; Saumsiegle, William; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated
Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 16 pp.; In English; See
also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
The objectives are: Provide communications capacity for Air Traffic Management through 2030. Allow a realistic
transition for service providers and airspace users. Support ATS and AOC communications for safety and regularity of flight.
Address VHF spectrum depletion in both Regions. Investigate multi-mode avionics for implementation.
Derived from text
Air Traffıc Control; Communication Networks; Airspace; Safety
20060002272 Alenia Marconi Systems, Rome, Italy
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical Receivers
DeAngelis, Massimiliano; Fantacci, Romano; Rinaldi, Claudio; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications,
Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 29 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231;
Original contains color and black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from
CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
A GNSS receiver (GPS, Galileo) operating in a civil aircraft is exposed to the signals transmitted from ATC (Air Traffic
Control) Surveillance sensors, Aeronautical Navigation systems and other non-Aeronautical systems. The present study aims
to investigate Galileo E5/L5 inband and out-of-band interference due to some ATC systems (Primary and Secondary radars,
and VOR, DME, ILS, and TACAN Navaids), in terms of SNR and accuracy degradation. We performed the analysis through
both a theoretical approach and a simulations activity. Through the theoretical approach, we analyzed the interference effects
expressing the results in terms of SNR degradation as a function of the aircraft-ATC systems distance. We discovered that if
48

the GNSS receiver is covered within 3dB beam width by the ATC system antenna, the interference is not negligible. For this
reason, we analyzed the pulse blanking mitigation technique that is able to blank the interference with a negligible GNSS SNR
degradation. In addition, exploiting the CNIT (National Interuniversity Telecommunications Consortium) Galileo Simulator,
opportunely modified, we analyzed the effects of the Radar/Navaids interferences in terms of degradation of Galileo
positioning accuracy, either with and without the mitigation process. The simulation activity has been performed considering
a scenario closer to a real one, of an aircraft approaching Roma-Fiumicino airport. Both the theoretical analysis and the
simulation activity highlighted that the DME systems effects on Galileo receivers could be disruptive without the application
of the mitigation technique. The latter technique blanks all the interference effects with a simple algorithm and a limited
increase in receiver complexity.
Author
Galileo Spacecraft; Electromagnetic Interference; Navigation Instruments; Navigation Aids; Interoperability
20060002287 Mulkerin Associates, Inc., Springfield, VA, USA
Communications-Supported Concepts for Highjacked Aircraft
Mulkerin, Thomas; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference
and Workshop; November 2005; 27 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Abstract There has been an increased emphasis on aviation security since the events of 9/11. The focus of this paper is
on communications support for monitoring and reacting to activities on a commercial aircraft that has been highjacked. The
concepts discussed are the use of a panic button, aircraft video and audio on demand, and automatic flight plan transmission.
Implementation of these ideas does not require the development of new technologies, rather new applications for existing
equipment. Thus, the concepts could be implemented soon. A panic button on a passenger aircraft could be used by an aircrew
member to alert air traffic controllers and the Airline Operation Center (AOC) that a highjacking is occurring. An ACARS
(Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System) message along with a synthesized voice message containing
identification and location data would be automatically transmitted when an aircrew member triggers the panic button. When
there is a suspicion that a highjacking is in progress, an Air Traffic Control (ATC) controller could initiate video and audio
surveillance ‘on demand’ via a secure communications link. In addition, the controller could initiate a process whereby the
aircraft s Flight Management System (FMS) would transmit the current flight plan and automatically send changes.
Author (revised)
Air Traffıc Control; Communication Networks; Video Communication; Security; Passenger Aircraft
20060002294 Honeywell International, Inc., USA
ESCAN
Meyers, David; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 21 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The private and business jet market poses a challenging environment for providing cost competitive communication links
replicating terrestrial systems. This is particularly evident with today s airborne cellular market and these issues will increase
when addressing the need to disseminate high quality strategic aeronautical weather and environmental information in the next
generation of business jet wireless infrastructure. While several techniques are being pursued, one tactic, driven by the high
cost of hardware and maintenance for a satellite link, attempts to leverage the existing groundbased network. However, this
highlights the difficult challenges to maintaining high quality of service for the ground and airborne user. A potential key
towards addressing these issues is the advent of a cost competitive reconfigurable antenna. As an optimized link to the
terrestrial infrastructure, the antenna fulfills multiple roles and has a great impact on the overall system capabilities. Honeywell
is developing the ESCAN array, an 800 MHz 2.6 GHz reconfigurable aperture derived from a ground-based satellite tracking
design originally investigated by the Georgia Tech Research Institute under the DARPA sponsored RECAP program. This
array is composed of multiple metallic patches connected by high performance embedded RF switches. The switches are
controlled by a matrix of low-power lasers illuminating photovoltaic devices. The connectivity is dynamically altered over a
specified area to maximize a particular radiation performance metric such as directive gain or broad bandwidth. The aperture
has the ability to dynamically place nulls, steer beams with a single feed, generate single highly directional or multiple beams,
and control bandwidth. It will provide optimal communication capability in changing environmental conditions. Aimed at
applications demanding multi-functionality from a single aperture, ESCAN reduces the number of antennas required to
support a platform and enables a rapid response in a changing communication infrastructure. Since ESCAN is designed
specifically for cost sensitive airborne applications, Honeywell s proposed advances in the manufacture and electronic
49

integration of these highly integrated apertures are a critical aspect of the program. From a larger perspective, this endeavor
seeks to usher reconfigurable apertures into commercial markets by vastly improving manufacturability and cost compared to
electronically scanned phased arrays.
Author
Airborne Equipment; Communication Networks; Operating Costs; Radio Frequencies; Satellite Tracking; Phased Arrays
20060002307 Department of Defense, USA
Distributed Adaptive Operations: Command & Control of Networked-enabled Forces,Geographically Dispersed
Glaros, Gregory E.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference
and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-24; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Characteristics of the environment are: Fog and friction will always be present. Competition continuously increases
complexity in order to survive and win. Solving for complexity requires: Getting a solution quickly rather than identifying a
perfect solution over time then executing as fast as possible. Increased importance on collaboration and cooperation.
Networking has greater value than individual performance. Reach dominates Richness. Increased need for higher transaction
rates and high rates of learning. Diversity, variety, scale, and numbers matter. Iteration and continuous feedback is required.
Derived from text
Adaptive Control; Command and Control; Network Analysis
20060002316 Analex Corp., Cleveland, OH, USA
Systems Methodology to Defining Surface Network Architecture
Nguyen, Thanh C.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and
Workshop; November 2005; 23 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright;
Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The current state of most modern airports surface network is fragmented, while the requirements for the integration of
the Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (CNS) in these airports are rapidly growing and urgently needed if the
future vision of the National Airspace System (NAS) is to be realized. To address this problem, FAA and NASA under the
Advanced Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance Architectures and Systems Technologies (ACAST) Project, have
been exploring new concepts and technologies that will transform the NAS. As an important component of this ACAST effort,
NASA is researching communications requirements for surface network concept, analyzing current and future planned
communications links against these growing surface Integrated CNS (ICNS) requirements and defining a surface ICNS
network architecture that is scalable, reliable and flexible to meet current and future needs of airports operations. Traditionally,
this task of analyzing and defining a network architecture as complex as the airport environment has been considered an art,
depending on an individual s talents and knowledge of technologies, services and protocols. The results of this type of network
architecture and design are often not reproducible. In this paper, we will introduce a relatively new approach to network
analysis, architecture and design and we will explore how this approach can be applied to defining the ACAST s Surface ICNS
Network Architecture that may meet the current and future requirements of airport operations. This approach is viewing the
surface network, along with its environment (everything that the surface network interacts with or impacts), as a system.
Associated with this system are sets of services that are offered by the network to the rest of the system. Therefore, the surface
network is considered as part of the larger system (such as the NAS), with interactions and dependencies between the surface
network and its users, applications, and devices. This is a systems approach or methodology to networking.
Author
Communication Networks; Network Analysis; Telecommunication
20060002317 Lockheed Martin Corp., Rockville, MD, USA
Integration of Airport Surface Communication Systems
Wang, Yang; Zhao, Yiyuan J.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS)
Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 24 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations;
No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Airport surface congestion has been recognized by FAA as a key traffic capacity problem in the National Airspace System
(NAS). This article addresses the needs to integrate the current separate, dedicated, non-interoperable airport surface
communication systems into a common communications platform. Designing a common communication infrastructure for all
50

stakeholders requires the understanding of each stakeholder s needs for the surface operations. A methodology for collecting
and expressing these needs has been discussed. Designing a common communication infrastructure also requires the proper
integration of various communications and networking technologies. A reference model of an integrated airport surface
communication systems has been proposed to meet the needs of all stakeholders.
Author
National Airspace System; Telecommunication; Systems Integration
20060002361 Transport Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
Strategies for Reducing Driver Distraction from In-Vehicle Telematics Devices: A Discussion Document
Apr. 2003; 34 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-102172; TP-1433-E; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
In-Vehicle Telematics refers to devices incorporating wireless communications technologies in order to provide
information services, vehicle automation and other functions. Transport Canada is concerned that in-vehicle telematics devices
are a threat to road safety because they increase driver distraction and cause an increase in distraction-related crashes. This
concern is based on a substantial and mounting body of evidence indicating that using these devices impairs driving
performance.
NTIS
Information Systems; Telecommunication
33
ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Includes development, performance, and maintainability of electrical/electronic devices and components; related test equipment; and
microelectronics and integrated circuitry. for related information see also 60 Computer Operations and Hardware; and 76 Solid-State
Physics. For communications equipment and devices see 32 Communications and Radar.
20060001246 National Taiwan Univ. of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Province of China
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers Vol. 28 No. 6
Chen, Shi-Shuenn, Editor; Tasi, Hsien-Lung, Editor; Shiou, Fang-Jung, Editor; Lee, Liang-Sun, Editor; Young, Der-Liang,
Editor; Pan, Ching-Tsai, Editor; Chen, Jean-Lien, Editor; Chung, Chung-Ping, Editor; Chao, Ching-Kong, Editor; Chang, Kai,
Editor, et al.; October 2005; ISSN 0253-3839; 113 pp.; In English; See also 20060001247 - 20060001259; Original contains
color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Topics covered include: Design and Development of Automated 3D Visual Tracking System; Navigation of a Mobile
Robot in Outdoor Environments; Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar Coordinates;
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous Vehicle Subject to Combined Wheel Slip Constraint; The Method of Bouncing
Measurement for Determining the Electromechanical Coupling; Characteristics of a Langevin Vibrator Using Matrix
Photo-Interrupters; Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of Induction Motor Drives Using High-Frequency Signal Injection;
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line Dead-Time Compensation; Adaptive
Backstepping Control with Integral Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters; Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical
Fiber Grating Sensor; Passivity-Based Boundary Control of a Flexible-Link Gantry Robot; Multiobjective Design
Optimization of Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance Of Micro-Compliant Mechanisms; 3D Posture Determination
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning and Ultrasonic Measurements; and Power System Load Frequency
Control by Genetic Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controller.
Derived from text
Adaptive Control; Electromechanics; Frequency Control; Voltage Converters (DC to DC); Tracking (Position); Speed
Control; Robots; Induction Motors; Design Optimization
20060001248 Tamkang Univ., Taipei, Taiwan, Province of China
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line Dead-Time Compensation
Lin, Feng-Chieh; Yang, Sheng-Ming; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005,
pp. 967-975; In English; See also 20060001246; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a control scheme for a micro-stepped two-phase linear stepping motor drive using a three-phase
voltage source inverter. The purpose of this scheme is for cost reduction, since all the control loops are executed digitally and
a standard three-phase voltage source inverter is used. A space vector PWM is presented for the control of two-phase motors.
51

The scheme is based on the harmonic injection principle for three-phase motors. An on-line compensation scheme is proposed
for the voltage error caused by the power switch dead-time. Experimental results have shown that the proposed scheme can
effectively compensate for the dead-time voltage error.
Author
Stepping Motors; Linearity; Electric Potential; Control Systems Design
20060001255 National Taiwan Univ. of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Province of China
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of Induction Motor Drives Using High-Frequency Signal Injection
Liu, Chang-Huan; Chang, Horn-Chi; Wang, Chun-Dar; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October
2005, pp. 957-966; In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC-91-2213-E-011-084; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper addresses the control issues of speed sensorless induction motor drives at very low speeds, 1 r/min to 30 r/min.
Low voltage high-frequency signals superimposed on the two-axis voltage commands in the synchronously rotating reference
frame are injected into the motor stator. Due to inherent parasitic saliencies of the cage rotor, magnetic saturation in particular,
the resultant stator current harmonics contain frequency components that depend on the synchronous frequency. Band-pass
and low-pass filtering techniques combined with coordinate transformations are used to extract the synchronous angular
position embedded in the stator current harmonics. The rotor speed can be computed by subtracting the estimated slip
frequency from the extracted synchronous frequency. The experimental results further show that effective speed sensorless
control can be achieved at very low speed operating range.
Author
Electric Potential; Mechanical Drives; Induction Motors; Speed Control; Rotor Speed; Low Speed; Injection
20060001256 National Chung Hsing Univ., Taichung, Taiwan, Province of China
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
Lin, Shui-Chun; Tsai, Ching-Chih; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005, pp. 977-984;
In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC91-2622-E-005-008-CC3; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper develops a novel control methodology for voltage regulation and implementation of a buck DC-DC converter
using a digital signal processor (DSP). Such a converter is modeled as a linear averaged state-space system model with an
adjustable load. An adaptive backstepping voltage regulator is presented based on the measurements of an output voltage and
a capacitor current. An approximate averaged circuit model is derived in order to show that the fast and stable mode of the
capacitor current can be ignored and the buck DC-DC converter can be well approximated by the averaged circuit model. With
the approximate averaged model, an adaptive backstepping control with integral action is proposed to regulate a stand-alone
buck DC-DC converter. This proposed control method has been verified by computer simulation and implemented utilizing
a stand-alone digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320C542 from Texas Instruments. Experimental results show that the
proposed control method is capable of giving satisfactory voltage regulation performance under a wide range of input voltage
variations and load changes.
Author
Voltage Converters (DC to DC); Adaptive Control; Digital Systems; Electric Potential; Signal Analyzers; Signal Processing;
Voltage Regulators
20060001259 Saint John’s Univ., Taipei, Taiwan
The Method of Bouncing Measurement for Determining the Electromechanical Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-Interrupters
Fuhliang, Wen; Chao-Chun, Wen; Chen, John Yanhao; Chih-Yuan, Ho; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28,
No. 6; October 2005, pp. 949-955; In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC 93-2212-E-129-007; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper measures the electromechanical coupling characteristics of a cone-type Langevin piezoceramic (PZT) vibrator
operating near the resonant frequency. Using a steel ball. an elastic-bouncing tester is built to observe the dynamic behaviors
of an ultrasonic levitation force, which greatly improves our understanding of said levitation phenomenon. The steel ball s
bouncing height variation, measured by our proposed experiment system, is much more apparent than the vibration amplitude
of the vibrator. The relationship between the electromechanical coupling and the levitation characteristics of a vibrator is
modeled with a coefficient of elastic-bouncing, e(sub dyn), by integrating the impact theory with the restitution coefficient. The
52

measurement instrument is implemented by use of a microprocessor, and the matrix photo-interrupters are developed to
determine the dynamic characteristics of a Langevin vibrator, particularly based on the steel ball bouncing behavior.
Author
Electromechanics; Resonant Frequencies; Langevin Formula; Levitation; Dynamic Characteristics; Piezoelectric Ceramics
20060001518 Ljubljana Univ., Ljubljana, Slovenia
Electrotechnical Review, Volume 72, No. 4
Baldomir, Zajc, Editor; Trost, Andrej, Editor; Slivnik, Tomaz, Editor; Bajd, Tadej, Editor; Brglez, Franc, Editor; Divjak, Sasa,
Editor; Drnovsek, janko, Editor; Gubina, Ferdo, Editor; Horvat, Bogomir, Editor; Jezernik, Karel, Editor, et al.; 2005; ISSN
0013-5852; 89 pp.; In English; In Slovene; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
The Electrotechnical Review (Elektrotehniski vestnik - EV) strives to publish well written papers in all areas of electrical
engineering and computer science that present important research results, successful applications or development, and
well-focused surveys which put recent progress into a broader perspective. In addition to regular papers which undergo a
review procedure short Correspondence items are published which range from book reviews, reports on activities of
professional societies and news on technological development and its applications. The journal is bilingual and publishes
papers in Slovenian and English language. All paper titles, abstracts and key words are published in both languages. Papers
in Slovenian have extended English abstracts. The Editors can arrange for translations of titles and abstracts from English to
Slovenian when necessary.
CASI
Electrical Engineering; Periodicals
20060001583 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, NJ, USA
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1
1987; 675 pp.; In English; International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87), 6-9 Apr.
1987, Dallas, TX, USA; See also 20060001584 - 20060001740; Original contains black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): IEEE-Catalog-87CH2396-0-Vol-1; LC-84-645139; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Topics discussed include: Deterministic Characteristics of LPC Distances: An Inconsistency with Perceptual Evidence;
Diagnostic Information from Subjective and Objective Intelligibility Tests; Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation of
Continuous Variations of the Length in a Kelly-Lechbaum Model, Effects of Area Function; Modeling Spectral Speech
Transitions Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques; Information-Theoretic Compressibility of Speech Data; Complexity
Reduced Lattice Filters for Digital Speech Processing; A Minimum Discrimination Information Approach for Hidden Markov
Modeling; On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates of Second-Order AR Process Parcor Coefficients; On the Statistical
Sufficiency of the Coherently Averaged Covariance Matrix for the Estimation of the Parameters of Wideband Sources;
Properties and Generation of Non-Gaussian Time Series; Fast Algorithms for QR and Choleski Factors of Toeplitz Operators;
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive Processes; Maximum Likelihood
Estimation of a Class of Non-Gaussian Densities with Application to Deconvolution; Incorporated Robustness in Narrowband
Signal Subspace Spatial Spectral Estimators; On Identification of Non-Gaussian Time Series; Modeling Using Cumulant and
Autocorrelation Statistics; The Four Tones Recognition of Continuous Chinese Speech; Dynamic Programming Speech
Recognition Using a Context Free Grammar; A Stochastic Segment Model for Phoneme-Based Continuous Speech; On the
Automatic Segmentation of Speech Signals; Phoneme Classification for Real Time Speech Recognition of Italian; A
Connected Speech Recognition System Based on Spotting Diphone-Like Segments - Preliminary Results; BYBLOS: The
BNN Continuous Speech Recognition System; Continuous Speech Recognition by Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov Model; An Early Decision, Real-Time Connected-Speech Recognizer; Performance
Evaluation of a Connected Digit Recognizer; and Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal.
Derived from text
Adaptive Filters; Autoregressive Processes; Autocorrelation; Classifications; Information Theory; Maximum Likelihood
Estimates; Performance Tests; Real Time Operation; Speech Recognition; Phonetics
20060001586 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA
Exciting Conditions for Quantized State Adaptive Algorithms
Sethares, W. A.; Johnson, C. Richard, Jr.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.9.1-4.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DCI-8608787; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
53

A family of Quantized State (QS) adaptive algorithms is introduced. These are computationally simple versions of the
LMS adaptive algorithm and are useful in two ways as numerically fast implementations for adaptive tasks, and as a tool for
studying the LMS algorithm in a quantized environment. Averaging theory is used to derive a persistence of excitation (PE)
condition which guarantees exponential stability of one member of the QS family. Failure to meet this condition (which is not
equivalent to the spectral richness PE condition for LMS) can result in exponential instability, even with the use of fixed
leakage, showing that the stability properties of QS algorithms are heavily dependent on the character of the input sequence.
Author
Algorithms; Excitation; Failure
20060001588 Rome Univ., Rome, Italy
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift, Scale, and Rotation Independent Object Identification
Capodiferro, I.; Cusani, R.; Jacovitti, G.; Vascotto, M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.4.1-7.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
The technique of template matching in the log-polar visibility (magnitude of Fourier transform in the logarithmic radius
and azimuth plane) is proposed as a promising tool for many problems of isolated object recognition irrespective of its
position, scale, and rotation. The properties of the log-polar visibility suggests the use of partial information to implement
some forms of ‘reduced template matching’. These techniques imply substantial reduction in the computational cost.
Author
Classifications; Pattern Recognition; Templates; Correlation; Fourier Transformation
20060001591 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features Related to Gender
Childers, D. G.; Wu, Ke; Hicks, D. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 8.2.1-8.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Attempts to measure the synthetic quality of speech usually consider the two factors intelligibility and naturalness, each
involving subjective and objective characteristics. To generate high quality synthetic speech, spectral distortion should be
avoided, spectral continuity and formant tracking should be done well. Glottal-related factors, including proper modeling of
the 1) glottal excitation waveforms and 2) effects of source-tract interaction for synthesizers are discussed. Accurate detection
of voiced/unvoiced/silent segments in the speech waveform and the fundamental frequency of voicing are also major concerns.
We present both formal and informal listener evaluations of three synthesizers: LPC, formant and articulatory. Finally, we
suggest a two-channel, speech and electroglottograph (EGG), approach to speech analysis to aid the automatic processing of
speech.
Author
Speech Recognition; Frequencies; Intelligibility; Distortion; Waveforms; Excitation
20060001592 Edinburgh Univ., UK
A New Approach to Noise-Robust LPC
Wrench, A. A.; Cowan, C. F. N.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 8.5.1-8.5.3; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper a new spectral estimate of noisy speech derived from linear predictive Autoregressive(AR) analysis is
compared with the spectra produced by single order Linear Predictive Coding(LPC). The new estimate consists of a bin-by-bin
average of a set of linear prediction AR spectra with orders between 10 and 30. According to simulation results the
improvement in peak centre frequency and bandwidth estimation resulting from using this model for noisy speech is
equivalent to increasing the SNR by about 5dB when the SNR of the input signal is 20dB or less.
Author
Linear Prediction; Coding; Frequencies; Spectra; Bandwidth
20060001611 Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ, USA
Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite Impulse Response Adaptive Filters
Sohie, Guy R. L.; Alshibani, Saud A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.7.1-4.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Expressions are derived for the misadjustment in Infinite Impulse Response Adaptive filters. The decomposition method
54

[1] for solving difference equations with randomly time-varying coefficients is thereby employed. Specifically, it is shown how
higher order terms in the decomposition of the output correspond to the excess error caused by measurement noise in the
coefficients. A simple example of an all-pole adaptive filter is included. It is shown that the misadjustment is largely dependent
on the pole locations of the optimal filter.
Author
Adaptive Filters; IIR Filters; Coeffıcients; Position (Location); Difference Equations
20060001612 Edinburgh Univ., UK
Assessment of Finite Precision Limitations in LMS and BLMS Adaptive Algorithms
Panda, G.; Cowan, C. F. N.; Grant, P. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.10.1 - 4.10.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a comparison of the effects of finite arithmetic on least mean squares (LMS) and block least mean
squares (BLMS) adaptive algorithms. It is demonstrated, using both simulation and analytic results, that the BLMS algorithm
consistently achieves improved converged noise performance compared to an LMS algorithm using the same word lengths.
In the case dealt with here the improvement is equivalent to an excess 2-3 bits in word length.
Author
Algorithms; Mean Square Values; Words (Language)
20060001615 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based on the EM Algorithm
Feder, Meir; Oppenheim, Alan V.; Weinstein, Ehud; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 6.11.1 - 6.11.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-81-K-0742; N00014-85-K-0272; NSF ECS-84-07285; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Single microphone speech enhancement systems have typically shown limited performance, while multiple microphone
systems based on a least-squares error criterion have shown encouraging results in some contexts. In this paper we formulate
a new approach to multiple microphone speech enhancement. Specifically, we formulate a maximum likelihood (ML) problem
for estimating the parameters needed for canceling the noise in a two microphone speech enhancement system. This ML
problem is solved via the iterative EM (Estimate- Maximize) technique. The resulting algorithm shows encouraging results
when applied to the speech enhancement problem.
Author
Maximum Likelihood Estimates; Microphones; Algorithms; Augmentation
20060001616 Tsukuba Univ., Japan
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by Hybrid Spline
Toraichi, Kazuo; Mori, Ryoichi; Sekita, Iwao; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.1.1 - 7.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Hybrid splines whose bases are constructed by multi-order B-splines are presented. B-splines of order 2 are induced for
representing corner, and that of order 3 or 4 for representing curved parts. A presented hybrid spline of order 2 and 4 cannot
be represented by conventional splines with multiple knots.
Author
Algorithms; Splines; Approximation; Signals
20060001623 Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research, Bombay, India
Estimation of Noise Variance from the Noisy AR Signal and Its Applications in Speech Enhancement
Paliwal, K. K.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 8.3.1-8.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In a number of applications involving the processing of noisy signals, it is desirable to know a priori the noise variance.
We propose here a method of estimating the noise variance from the autoregressive (AR) signal corrupted by the additive
white noise. This method first estimates the AR parameters from the high-order Yule-Walker equations and then uses these AR
parameters to estimate the noise variance from the low-order Yule-Walker equations. The method is studied for a number of
examples of noisy AR signals and its performance is found to be close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound for high signal-to-noise
55

atios. It is also used in a speech enhancement application where its performance is studied for stationary as well as
nonstationary noise conditions. The results are found to be encouraging.
Author
Signal to Noise Ratios; Signal Processing; Estimating; Augmentation
20060001625 Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA, USA
Adaptive Line Enhancement Using a Random AR Model
Abutaleb, Ahmed S.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 9.3.1 - 9.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The objective of this report, is to investigate. the possibility of using random autoregressive (AR) models in signal
processing problems. The advantage of this approach is that they may reflect more accurately the uncertainity in the stochastic
process that generates the received signal. The method is applied to adaptive line enhancement where it is shown, through
Monte Carlo simulations, that it yields better results than the conventional deterministic AR models under the same conditions.
Author
Signal Processing; Stochastic Processes; Augmentation
20060001643 Texas Instruments, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor: The First Supercomputer on a Chip
Simar, Ray, Jr.; Leigh, Tony; Koeppen, Peter; Leach, Jerald; Potts, Jim; Blalock, Denise; IEEE International Conference on
Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.16.1-13.16.4; In English; See also
20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The TMS320C30 is Texas Instruments’ third generation member of a family of compatible Digital Signal Processors.
With a computational rate of 40 MFLOPS (Million Floating-Point Operations per Second), the TMSS2OOSO far exceeds the
performance of any programmable DSP available today. Total system performance has been maximized through internal
parallelism, more than twenty four thousand bytes of on-chip memory, single-cycle floating-point operations, and concurrent
I/O. The total system cost is minimized with on-chip memory and on-chip peripherals such as timers and serial ports. Finally,
the user’s system design-time is dramatically reduced with the availability of the floating-point operations, general purpose
instructions and features, and quality development tools.
Author
Digital Systems; Signal Processing; Floating Point Arithmetic
20060001651 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA, Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of VLSI Circuits
Jeong, Hong; Musicus, Bruce R.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 14.14.1 - 14.14.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014081K-0742; NSF ECS-84-07285; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper explores line labeling algorithms for extracting the mask layers from an optical image of a VLSI chip. We first
create a suitable world model for VLSI images. Next, we introduce representation schemes for object features, together with
the natural constraints these features satisfy. This label set is an extension of Huffman, Clowes, and Kanade’s label sets.
Finally, we show how to interpret VLSI scenes by using a constrained labeling strategy. Performance of our labeling
algorithms is demonstrated on some simple but representative simulated images of CMOS logic gates.
Author
Very Large Scale Integration; Masks; Integrated Circuits; Extraction; Algorithms
20060001665 Rice Univ., Houston, TX, USA
Properties and Generation of Non-Gaussian Time Series
Johnson, Don H.; Srinivasa Rao, P.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 2.3.1-2.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Many signal processing algorithms, either explicitly or implicitly, are based on the assumption that the signal and/or the
noise are Gaussian time series (random sequences). Mean-square error (L(sup 2) norm), the metric most commonly used in
probabilistic and deterministic problems, is ultimately due to the properties of the Gaussian density, and is usually not the
metric of choice when non- Gaussian quantities are involved. Furthermore, measurement of the correlation function or,
equivalently, of the power density spectrum is often used to assess the dependency structure of the observed data. The
56

correlation function provides all of the information about the signal in many well-known signal processing algorithms (e.g.,
maximum entropy spectral analysis, linear predictive modeling, and Wiener filters). When a non-Gaussian time series is part
of the problem, many of the quantities used in signal processing algorithms provide inadequate information about critical
aspects of the observed data. For example, if Laplacian noise is present, the absolute error (L 1 norm) is more appropriate than
mean-square error: large deviations from the mean of the distribution a_ more likely in ‘,.he Laplacian case and should not
be weighted as much by the choice of norm. Furthermore, the correlation function captures the dependency structure of a time
series only when the time series model for it is Gaussian; only the multivariate Gaussian density depends solely on the
covariance matrix. Thus, algorithms which rely on mean-square error and the correlation function are implicitly tailored for
Gaussian signals and may not yield the best possible solutions in many other circumstances. The question becomes what
aspects of a non-Gaussian signal are required to specify its properties and how they can be used in signal processing
algorithms. A subtle, but key issue, in developing analysis tools from both theoretical and practical viewpoints is how
non-Gaussian signals are generated: given a specification of the non-Gaussian signal, how can it be produced by operations
on an elementary random sequence? Gaussian signals can be generated by passing white, Gaussian noise through the
appropriate linear system. For non-Gaussian signals, nonlinear systems are usually required, but not necessary. In this initial
study, the approach taken is to determine which measurements are necessary to specify the system which models the
generation of the signal.
Derived from text
Signal Processing; Algorithms; Maximum Entropy Method; Spectrum Analysis; Time Series Analysis; Random Noise;
Prediction Analysis Techniques
20060001676 Tampere Univ. of Technology, Finland
Suppression and Detection of Impulse Type Interference Using Adaptive Median Hybrid Filters
Nieminen, Ari; Heinomen, Pekkra; Neuvo, Yrjo; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.4.1-4.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, we introduce a new type of nonlinear filters, the Adaptive Median Hybrid (AMH) filters, for the suppression
and detection of short duration interferences. In the AMH filters, adaptive filter substructures are used to estimate the current
signal value from the future and past signal values. The output of the overall filter is the median of the adaptive filter outputs
and the current signal value. This kind of nonlinear filter structure is shown to adapt and preserve rapid changes in signal
characteristics well. However, it filters out short duration interferences. By examining the difference between the original and
filtered data, interferences can be detected. We introduce two types of AMH filters, the AMH filter with separate adaptive
substructures (SAMH) and the AMH filter with coupled substructures (CAMH), which have different convergence properties
and implementation. We use both synthetic and real data (speech and electroencephalogram (EEG)) to show the applicability
of the proposed filters.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Electroencephalography; Nonlinear Filters; Impulses
20060001687 British Columbia Univ., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike Detector
Beddoes, M. P.; Panych, L.; Qian, Juan; Wada, J. A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.5.1-4.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 67-3290; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The role of the parametric stage is studied under various conditions and the following points have been demonstrated: 1)
With high sampling rate (200 Hz) but otherwise favourable conditions, as the filter order, p, is increased from zero to nineteen
the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the parametric stage remains the same as at the input. Under less favourable
conditions, it can fall as p is increased. 2) We find that comparable performance (in terms of spikes detected) is obtained when
the parametric stage is omitted entirely, and detection is based only on the very simple non-parametric stage.
Author
Electroencephalography; Signal to Noise Ratios; Signal Processing
20060001688 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA, USA
A Methodology for Evaluating the Performance of Dynamic Range Control Algorithms for Speech Enhancement
Lynch, John T.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 5.4.1-5.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
57

In AM radio it is of interest to increase the perceived loudness of transmitted speech in order to increase the effective range
of the radio broadcasts. In particular, shortwave radio broadcasts are subject to a variety of natural and men-made interference
and noise which can severely limit the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal. Often, broadcasting is done using very
powerful and expensive transmitters and it is of interest to determine whether or not signal processing techniques could
provide a more cost-effective increase of the broadcast range. In addition to developing digital signal processing (DSP)
algorithms [1,2] for enhancing the perceived loudness of speech, we are developing a facility to evaluate the effectiveness of
the audio preprocessing algorithms. ]his evaluation will eventually include subjective measures of processed speech quality,
quantitative measures of speech intelligibility, and measurement of the peak/rms ratio of the processed speech. ]his paper
describes a system that has been developed for automatically measuring the enhancement in the peak/rms ratio that a given
audio processor provides, and gives some preliminary results on the performance of three commercial audio processors and
two rather simple processors. An important outcome of the results is the establishment of an engineering goal for an improved
digital signal processing (DSP) speech enhancement algorithm.
Author
Signal Processing; Signal to Noise Ratios; Broadcasting; Dynamic Range
20060001697 Zoran Corp., Santa Clara, CA, USA
A Novel VLSI Digital Signal Processor Architecture for High-Speed Vector and Transform Operations
Taylor, David M.; Retter, Rafi; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.5.1 - 13.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a new concept in monolithic digital signal processing integrated circuits. The device is called a Vector
Signal Processor (VSP) and is manufactured by Zoran Corporation. It achieves extremely high signal processing throughput
in both the time and frequency domains for many standard DSP operations. It introduces a number of architectural features
unique to digital signal processing components. Among these are: a ‘high-level’ instruction set which allows programming at
the functional level, embedded hardware to support block floating-point arithmetic, and the ability to easily parallel multiple
devices to achieve signal processing throughput even higher than that attainable with a single device. The combination of these
features and a powerful applications development environment make the VSP easy to both use and program for developing
sophisticated, high-performance applications.
Author
Signal Processing; Very Large Scale Integration; Architecture (Computers)
20060001699 Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA, USA
Iterative Speech Enhancement with Spectral Constraints
Hansen, John H.; Clements, Mark A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 6.7.1 - 6.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new and improved iterative speech enhancement technique based on spectral constraints is presented in this paper. The
iterative technique, originally formulated by Lim and Oppenheim, attempts to solve for the maximum likelihood estimate of
a speech waveform in additive white noise. The new approach applies inter- and intra-frame spectral constraints to ensure
convergence to reasonable values and hence improve speech quality. An extremely efficient technique for applying these
constraints is in the use of line spectral pair (LSP) coefficients. The inter-frame constraints ensures more speech-like formant
trajectories than those found in the unconstrained approach. Results from speech degraded by additive white Gaussian noise
show noticeable quality improvement.
Author
Speech Recognition; Maximum Likelihood Estimates; Convergence; Spectra; Augmentation
20060001700 GTE Labs., Inc., Waltham, MA, USA
Enhancement of Block-Coded Speech
Veeneman, D. E.; Mazor, B.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 6.9.1 - 6.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a very effective method for reducing framing noise associated with block-by-block speech coding
algorithms. It is a post-coding speech enhancement procedure designed specifically to combat this type of noise. The
procedure is based on a fully adaptive comb filter which is adapted in synchrony with the coding algorithm, s frame boundary.
An optimal (minimum mean-squared-error sense) linear prediction approach is applied to determine the filter coefficients and
58

adapt them to the short-time statistics of the speech. A formal subjective listening trial has shown the method to significantly
improve the perceived quality of block-coded speech.
Author
Voice Data Processing; Coding; Noise Reduction; Adaptive Filters; Linear Prediction; Mean Square Values
20060001705 ITT Defense Communications Div., San Diego, CA, USA
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering Talker in Co-Channel Speech
Naylor, J. A.; Boll, S. F.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 6.12.1-6.12.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The problem addressed by this study is the suppression of an undesired talker when two talkers are communicating
simultaneously on the same monophonic channel (co-channel speech). Two different applications are considered, improved
intelligibility for human listeners, and improved performance for automatic speech and speaker recognition (ASR) systems.
For the human intelligibility problem, the desired talker is the weaker of the two signals with voice-to-voice power ratios
(Power desired / Power interference), or VVRs, as low as -18dB. For ASR applications, the desired talker is the stronger of
the two signals, with VVRs as low as 5dB. Signal analysis algorithms have been developed which attempt to separate the
co-channel spectrum into components due to the two different (stronger and weaker) talkers.
Author
Speech Recognition; Communicating; Human Performance; Signal Analysis; Intelligibility
20060001720 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA, USA
Segmentation of Noisy Textured Images Using Simulated Annealing
SunWon, Chee; Derin, Haluk; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 563-566; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-8403685; ONR N00014-85-K-0561; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a segmentation algorithm for noisy textured images. To represent noisy textured images, we propose
a hierarchical stochastic model that consists of three levels of random fields: the region process, the texture processes and the
noise. The hierarchical model also includes local blurring and nonlinear image transformation as results of the image
corrupting effects. Having adopted statistlc31 model, the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation is used to find the
segmented regions through the restored(noise-free) textured image data. Since the joint a posteriori distribution at hand is a
Gibbs distribution, we use simulated annealing as a maximization technique. The simulated annealing based segmentation
algorithm presented in this paper can also be viewed as a two step iterative algorithm in the spirit of the EM algorithm.
Author
Electromagnetic Noise; Algorithms; Mathematical Models; Segments
20060001722 University of Southern Illinois, IL, USA
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using Dynamic Alignment
Gupta, L.; Srinath, M. D.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 7.3.1-7.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A technique for classifying closed planar shapes is described in which a shape is characterized by an ordered sequence
that represents the Euclidean distance between the centroid and all contour pixels of the shape. Shapes belonging to the same
class have similar sequences, hence a procedure for classifying shapes is based on the degree of similarity between these
sequences. In order to determine the similarity between sequences, a non-linear alignment process is developed to find the best
correspondence between the sequences. Optimum alignment is obtained by expanding segments of the sequences to minimize
a dissimilarity function between the sequences. Normalization with respect to scaling and rotation is described and an example
illustrating the use of dynamic alignment for the classification of noisy shapes is presented.
Author
Shapes; Pixels; Alignment; Classifications; Euclidean Geometry; Contours
20060001734 Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, USA
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes Using Adaptive Lattice Filters
Li, Shiping; Dickinson, Bradley W.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 9.2.1 - 9.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-84-05460; AFOSR-84-0381; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
59

We define a piecewise AR model for a class of time series whose statistical properties change abruptly at some unknown
time points. For such a model we consider the problems of jump detection and fast tracking of the changing parameters. A
method based on the adaptive least squares lattice filter algorithm is proposed. The method automatically detects the
occurrences of jumps and adjusts the adaptation rate of the adaptive lattice algorithm, so both accurate estimates and fast
tracking ability are achieved.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Statistical Distributions; Time Series Analysis; Tracking (Position); Detection; Adaptation; Algorithms
20060001735 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
An Analysis of Finite Precision Effects for the Autocorrelation Method and Burg’s Method of Linear Prediction
Alexander, S. T.; Rhee, Z. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 9.4.1 - 9.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-84-0655; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
New analytical results are derived for quantifying the performance degradation induced by finite precision arithmetic
upon the autocorrelation method and Burg’s algorithm for linear prediction. Analysis shows that reflection coefficients
computed by the FP autocorrelation method have more severe degradation than those computed by the FP Burg algorithm.
Finally, experimental results are presented which show very close agreement between the analytical derivations and
experimental results.
Author
Autocorrelation; Linear Prediction; Algorithms; Precision
20060001737 University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
Autocorrelation Distortion Function for Improved AR Modeling
Jain, V. K.; Xu, B. L.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 9.9.1 - 9.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
For noisy signals it is not enough to achieve a match between the first p+1 correlations of the measured data and that of
the AR model. The higher order correlations begin to diverge as the level of data noise increases. In an effort to perform
extended correlation matching we have found the need to use an Autocorrelation Distortion Function (ADF), defined as the
difference between the sample acf of the noisy-data and the statistical acf of the true signal. Using the model ba(sup [n]) for
the ADF we develop a procedure for improved AR modeling of a stationary time series. In this procedure we estimate the
parameters of the ADF in such a way that while the autocorrelation of the signal model plus noise matches the data acf exactly
for the first p+1 lags, simultaneously, the mismatch at certain higher-order lags is minimized. These higher-order lags are taken
to be p+1, .... ,p+q or, alternatively, they are chosen according to a peak-picking scheme described in the paper.
Author
Autocorrelation; Distortion; Time Series Analysis; Autoregressive Processes
20060001771 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and Hysteretic Regimes
Oates, William S.; Smith, Ralph C.; Jan. 1, 2005; 31 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440159; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
many active materials exhibit nonlinearities and hysteresis when driven at field levels necessary to meet stringent
performance criteria in high performance applications. This often requires nonlinear control designs to effectively compensate
for the nonlinear, hysteretic field-coupled material behavior. In this paper, an optimal control design is developed to accurately
track a reference signal using magnetostrictive transducers. The methodology can be directly extended to transducers
employing piezoelectric materials or shape memory alloys (SMAs) due to the unified nature of the constitutive model
employed in the control design. The constitutive model is based on a framework that combines energy analysis at lattice length
scales with stochastic homogenizations techniques to predict macroscopic material behavior. The constitutive model is
incorporated into a finite element representation of the magnetostrictive transducer which provides the framework for
developing the finite-dimensional nonlinear control design. The control design includes an open loop nonlinear component
computed off-line with perturbation feedback around the optimal state trajectory. Estimation of unmeasurable states is
achieved using a Kalman filter. The hybrid control technique provides the potential for real-time control implementation while
60

providing robustness with regard to operating uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics.
DTIC
Actuators; Ferroelectric Materials; Hysteresis; Magnetostriction; Nonlinearity
20060001794 Saitama Univ., Urawa, Japan
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements on Materials Under Stress
Kobayashi, Shinichi; Saito, Yoshio; Oct. 1, 2004; 99 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F62562-03-P-0543
Report No.(s): AD-A440247; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy
The breakdown of rf windows used in high-power klystron is one of the most serious problems in the development of
klystrons. The dielectric breakdown strength of an alumina ceramic surface depends on the secondary electron emission which
is influenced by the electronics states of the oxygen vacancy existing adjacent to the ceramic surface. In this report, the
durability of several dielectric materials used for rf windows is discussed in terms of secondary of electron emission (SEE),
cathode luminescence, and dielectric loss. High-power tests of these materials with TiN coating, thus having low SEE, were
also carried out using a traveling wave resonant ring. The samples were compared under the conditions of annealing and X-ray
irradiation. The influences of annealing and X-ray irradiation on the SEE coefficients and CL spectra were investigated. Energy
distributions of secondary electrons under high temperature were analyzed as well. The results show that alumina ceramics
are superior to sapphire and aluminum nitride. The original of breakdown was investigated and the requirement for rf window
materials presented.
DTIC
Dielectric Properties; Electron Emission; Klystrons; Microwaves; Secondary Emission
20060001807 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA
Semiconductor Coherent Control
Nelson, Keith A.; Sep. 16, 2005; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0674
Report No.(s): AD-A440285; ARO-42577.1-PH; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy and coherent control of terahenz phonon-polariton waves in semiconductors are
explored, Phonon-polaritons are mixed lattice vibrational/electromagnetic waves that move at light-like speeds through a host
crystal, within which they may be used for ultrahigh-bandwidth modulation of optical or electrical properties and as
high-speed information carriers. The development of a THz polaritonics platform for such applications is a main objective.
The methods needed for coherent control over phonon-polantons were refined and exploited for modulation of semiconductor
quantum dot and quantum well properties. The work involved spatial and temporal shaping of ultrafast optical fields that were
used to generate correspondingly shaped THz fields. Spatiotemporal femtosecond pulse shaping was also extended to include
both phase and amplitude profiles, permitting a wide range of important new applications including fully phase-coherent
multidimensional spectroscopy, with full pulse shaping capabilities in all of the input light fields, conducted in a fully
automated fashion. Spatiotemporal coherent control over THz phonon-polaritons was demonstrated in preliminary results,
THz field effects on semiconductor quantum dot electronic properties are indicated. This opens the door to new understanding
of quantum dot electronic dynamics and to applications involving THz-frequency modulation of optical gain and other
properties of quantum dots.
DTIC
Phonons; Semiconductors (Materials)
20060001842 Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing Condition on Attentional Issues with Helmet Mounted Displays
Yeh, Michelle; Wickens, Christopher D.; Seagull, F. J.; Jan. 1, 1998; 76 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAL01-96-2-0003
Report No.(s): AD-A440356; ARL-98-1/ARMY-FED-LAB-98-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information
Center (DTIC)
Presentation of information using an helmet mounted display (HMD) allows users to view the world through a visor or
eyepiece, on which additional data relevant to the task performed, can be superimposed onto the forward field of view. In the
research presented here, the issues of frame of reference and viewing condition (i.e., one eye versus two) are examined in order
to determine their effects on tasks of focused and divided attention. Superimposing information from the near domain onto
61

the far domain eliminates scan time and prevents eye accommodation when switching between the near and far domains, but
these benefits may be offset by the cost of increasing the amount of clutter in the forward field of view. For HMDs, the issue
of frame of reference involves a comparison of world-referenced displays, in which information is displayed so that it is slaved
to the momentary orientation of the head, with screen-referenced, such that the location of objects on the display is based on
a pre-determined set of x- and y-coordinates, independent of head movement. Additionally, HMDs can be configured so that
information is displayed to monoscopically or stereoscopically to one eye or two. In the current experiment, sixteen subjects
(8 civilian, 8 military) viewed static two-dimensional renderings of three-dimensional images depicting hilly terrain, in which
targets consisting of tanks, soldiers, land mines, and nuclear devices were hidden.
DTIC
Display Devices; Helmet Mounted Displays; Image Processing; Viewing
20060001861 Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO USA
Microwave Solitons and Precessional Dynamics in Magnetic Thin Films -Physics and Devices
Patton, Carl E.; Aug. 30, 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0197
Report No.(s): AD-A440400; ARO-42866.1-PH; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
There were two focus areas in the original proposal, (I) soliton and short pulse phenomena in ferrite films and (II) linear
and nonlinear wave propagation in metallic ferromagnetic films and structures. Under I, considerable effort was devoted to
the problem of loss and decay that limits soliton and short pulse phenomena for signal processing and communications and
other devices important for Army applications. New results on nonlinear damping, high power foldover, and higher order
soliton formation and production were also obtained. New results on soliton trains through modulational instability and
recurrence processes were also realized. Under II, progress was made in the characterization of high power microwave and
spin wave instability processes in Permalloy films. The one year overlap between this program and the new ARO MURI
program on GHz Electromagnetic Wave Science and Devices for Advanced Battlefield Communications, in which Colorado
State University is a major participant, allowed for new work as well. This includes the development of active feedback rings
for broadband chaotic signal generation in YIG, work on the use of parametric pumping to trap and clone short spin wave
pulses, and the production of soliton fractal signals. This work is ongoing under the new MURI program.
DTIC
Magnetic Films; Microwaves; Thin Films
20060001864 Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA USA
Advanced Wireless Integrated Navy Network - AWINN
Stutzman, Warren; Habayeb, Rick; Sep. 30, 2005; 129 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0179
Report No.(s): AD-A440408; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A07, Hardcopy
Quarterly progress report No. 3 on AWINN hardware and software configurations of smart, wideband, multi-function
antennas, secure configurable platform, close-in command and control for Sea Basing visualization of wireless technologies,
Ad Hoc networks, network protocols, real-time resource allocation, Ultra Wideband (UWB) communications network and
ranging sensors, cross layer optimization and network interoperability.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Interoperability; Navy
20060001868 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture Based on Two-Dimensional Electrowetting Arrays
Ding, Jie; Chakrabarty, Krishnendu; Fair, Richard B.; Jan. 1, 2005; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-98-2-0140
Report No.(s): AD-A440415; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We present an architectural design and optimization methodology for performing biochemical reactions using
two-dimensional electrowetting arrays. We define a set of basic microfluidic operations and leverage electronic design
automation principles for system partitioning, resource allocation, and operation scheduling. Fluidic operations are carried out
by properly configuring a set of grid points. While concurrency is desirable to minimize processing time, the size of the
two-dimensional array limits the number of concurrent operations of any type. Furthermore, functional dependencies between
the operations also limit concurrency. We use integer linear programming to minimize the processing time by automatically
62

extracting parallelism from a biochemical assay. As a case study, we apply our optimization method to the polymerase chain
reaction.
DTIC
Architecture (Computers); Fluidics; Microfluidic Devices; Wetting
20060001914 Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera System)
Fagan, Joseph; Tsui, Eddy; Ringwood, Terence; Mellini, Mark; Morcos, Amir; Nov. 1, 2005; 12 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440545; ARDEC-AREMW-TR-05001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The Catadioptric Omni-Directional System was developed by the U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and
Engineering Center (ARDEC) Acoustic and Network Sensors Office, Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey to demonstrate existing
technologies that could increase situational awareness for the M1A2 Abrams’ crew. The project required a rapid and easily
incorporated solution that could attach to the tank without permanent modification and at low cost. On 23 February 2005, the
completed system was demonstrated to PM Abrams’ Tank Urban Survivability Kit (TUSK) Program Manager.
DTIC
Cameras; Kits
20060001920 HRL Labs., LLC, Malibu, CA USA
High Linearity Wideband Coherent Amplitude Modulation (AM) Radio Frequency (RF)-Photonic Links
Hayes, Robert R.; Oct. 1, 2005; 82 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-03-C-0120; Proj-517D
Report No.(s): AD-A440576; AFRL-SN-RS-TR-2005-362; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The objective of this project was to develop a fiber-optic RF link with high Spur Free Dynamic Range (SFDR). The
approach taken was to utilize coherent AM modulation techniques which would, theoretically, provide a6dBadvantage over
Intensity Modulation/Direct Detection methods, and then insert a linearized electro-optic modulator in an attempt to achieve
an SFDR of 130 dB Hz. In the coherent AM portion, locked homodyne detection and COTS components were used to achieve
a measured SFDR of \g 120 dB Hz at a 10 GHz operating frequency. The link, which used polarization maintaining
components throughout and fusion splices instead of connectors, had none of the instabilities historically associated with
homodyne systems. Efforts were made to raise the SFDR by using a Y-fed linearized directional coupler modulator; extensive
measurements and theoretical analyses were made on these devices. The modulators showed the linearization predicted by
theory; a logarithmic slope of 4.6 was demonstrated. Some shortcomings were also observed and analyzed that shed light on
the difficulties of achieving wideband operation. The present devices can be designed to operate at specific center frequencies
with maximum performance, but the linearized bandwidth is less than 2 GHz.
DTIC
Amplitude Modulation; Broadband; Linearity; Photonics; Radio Frequencies
20060002103 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, NY, USA
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2
1987; 417 pp.; In English; IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2, 4-7 May 1987, Philadelphia,
PA, USA; See also 20060002104 - 20060002195; Original contains black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): IEEE-Catalog-87CH2394-5-Vol-2; LC-86-83020-Vol-2; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Topics discussed include: Integrated Circuit Structures for Processing Man-Machine Interaction; The Original Adaptive
Neural Net Broom-Balancer; Flow-of-Activation Processing Representing Lattice Ordered Associative Memories with
Artificial Neural Networks Convergence in Neural Memories; A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural Nets; Architecture
Considerations for High Speed Recursive Filtering; Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of Parallel Signal Processors; Loop
Winding-A Data Flow Approach to Functional Pipelining; Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size VLSl Arrays; Dynamic
Latch Design for VLSl Array Processors; Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic Array Type Convolvers; Data Path
Synthesis From Behavioral Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach; Real Time Implementation of Obstacle Avoidance
Manipulator Maneuvers with Bounded Inputs; A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed Tolerance Design Centering Based
on a Modified Simplex Method; Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems; Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits;
63

Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits; Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS Adaptive Algorithm; Implementation
of the Optimum Block Adaptive Algorithm in the Frequency Domain; and The LMS Algorithm Applied to High Speed
Adaptive Digital Signal Processing.
Derived from text
Analog Circuits; Integrated Circuits; Man Machine Systems; Signal Processing; Real Time Operation; Pipelining
(Computers); Parallel Processing (Computers); Neural Nets
20060002105 Nebraska Univ., Lincoln, NE, USA
Active RC-Building Blocks for MOSFET-C Integrated Filters
Smith, Shirley; Liu, F.; Ismail, Mohammed; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 342-346; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ENG-84-51103; SRC-85-11-066; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
First and second order building blocks For MOSFET-C implementation are presented. The new topologies do not require
fully balanced signals for nonlinearity cancellation. The effects of the op-amp Finite gain bandwidth, time constant mismatch
and power supply rejection are studied. Comparisons with respect to the nonideal effects are made and the design trade-offs
are investigated.
Author
Field Effect Transistors; Bandwidth; Time Constant; Nonlinear Filters
20060002107 Cornell Univ., NY, USA
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
Chiang, Hsiao-Dong; Wu, Felix, F.; Varaiya, Pravin; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume
2; 1987, pp. 410-413; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC01-84-CE76257; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A complete characterization of the stability boundaries for a class of nonlinear autonomous dynamic systems is presented.
The stability boundary of a stable equilibrium point is shown to consist of the stable manifolds of all the equilibrium points
on the stability boundary. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived to determine whether a given equilibrium point is
on the stability boundary. Applications of the results are discussed.
Author
Nonlinear Systems; Stability; Eigenvalues; Boundaries
20060002108 West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV, USA
Implementation of the Optimum Block Adaptive Algorithm in the Frequency Domain
Spania, Andreas S.; Mikhael, Wasfy B.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 426-429; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-85-K-2003; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper a time-varying convergence factor mu is proposed for the Frequency-Domain LMS Adaptive Algorithm,
which results in a new algorithm, namely the Frequency-Domain Optimum Block Algorithm (FOBA). The FOBA is actually
the frequency-domain implementation of the recently proposed time-domain Optimum Block Algorithm (OBA). This
implementation results in computational savings in comparison with the OBA and performance enhancement relative to the
Frequency-Domain LMS Algorithm.
Author
Algorithms; Frequency Domain Analysis; Convergence
20060002109 NEC Corp., Japan
Constraints Analysis for Oversampling A-to-D Converter Structures on VLSI Implementation
Yukawa, Akira; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 467-472; In English; See
also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Requirements, applied to analog components and characteristics for oversampling A-to-D converter structures with
second order loop transfer function were analyzed through numerical and mathematical analyses. The results suggest that a
first order predictive encoder, with first order noise shaping, is best suited to high resolution future VLSI implementation. It
is most difficult to achieve a theoretical second order Delta-Sigma modulation signal-to-noise ratio, because of the amplifier
performance requirements. The operational amplifier performance requirements. The operational amplifier gain should only
64

e greater than kR/n, as long as the amplifier response is linear, where R is the oversampling ratio, w is the angular stop band
frequency and k is a parameter depending on structures and integrator circuit configuration, if a switched capacitor integrator
is employed in a noise shaping technology. A second order delta modulation coder does not seem to be applicable to a precision
converter, but to a high speed converter instead.
Author
Numerical Analysis; Operational Amplifiers; Amplifiers
20060002111 Toledo Univ., OH, USA
VLSI System Design Using a Macintosh Personal Computer
Thorbjornsen, Arthur R.; Chin, Foh Hew; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 530-531; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes how a Macintoch Plus personal computer can be made to serve as a workstation for VLSI circuit
design. The MacDraw graphics program is used to draw a circuit layout. A ‘C’ language proqram has been written that converts
a MacDraw file into a CIF code description of the circuit layout.
Author
Macintosh Personal Computers; Systems Engineering; Very Large Scale Integration
20060002112 Karlsruhe Univ., Germany
A New Relative Placement Procedure Based on MSST and Linear Programming
Weis, Bernd X.; Mlynski, Dieter A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 564-567; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The problem of placing cells on a carrier, i.e. a PCB or a chip, is usually divided into two steps. The first step is the
computation of relative positions of cells, while the second prepares the placement such that the cells do not over-lap, and
sufficient area is provided for routing. For the first part the most commonly used algorithms are MIN-CUT and FORCE
procedures. Here we introduce a formulation of the relative placement problem as a linear program, which minimizes the sum
of weighted minimal spanning Steiner trees modelling the nets of the circuit. Gate arrays are used as examples.
Author
Algorithms; Linear Programming; Trees (Mathematics)
20060002113 Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Technology, Chongryang, Korea, Republic of
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation Considering the Feedback Effect
Jun, Young-Hyun; Lee, Chang-Woo; Lee, Ki-Jun; Park, Song-Bai; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and
Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 608-611; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Timing simulators are widely used nowadays for analyzing large scale MOS digital circuits. However, they have several
limitations such as nonconvergence and/or inaccuracy for circuits containing tightly coupled feedback elements or loops. This
paper describes a new timing simulator which aims at solving these problems. The algorithm employed is based on the
waveform relaxation method, and exploits the signal flow along the feedback loops. Each of the feedback loops is treated as
one circuit block and then local iterations are performed to enhance the timing simulation. An approach to partitioning
bidirectional subcircuits is also presented.
Author
Digital Electronics; Feedback; Simulators; Waveforms
20060002114 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA
New Normal-Forms for IIR Filter Realizations, Based on Circulants and Skew-Circulants
Liu, Vincent C.; Vaidyanathan, P. P.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 637-640; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF DCI-85-52579; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Normal-form IIR filters are known to be free from limit cycles, and the eigenvalues of the state transition matrix have
low sensitivity. In this paper two new normal form realizations are presented which utilize circulant and skew-circulant
matrices as their state transition matrices. The A-matrix has only N (rather than N(sup 2)) distinct elements, and is amenable
to efficient memory-oriented implementation. Scaled circulant realizations are developed based on iterative methods.
Author
Cycles; Matrices (Mathematics); Eigenvalues; IIR Filters
65

20060002115 Iowa Univ., Iowa City, IA, USA
Design and Implementation of Velocity Filters Using Multichannel Array Processing Techniques
Hanna, Magdy T.; Simaan, M.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 641-644;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A general procedure for designing two-dimensional (2D) velocity filters based on array filters derived originally for
multichannel (multiple input single output) processing of the recordings of an array of sensors is presented. These filters can
be implemented in the frequency domain using the 2D Fast Fourier Transform. A specific case of velocity filters based on a
family of multichannel array filters obtained recently for attenuating a coherent interference in the array recordings is worked
out in detail.
Author
Fourier Transformation; Attenuation; Frequencies; Multichannel Communication
20060002116 Saitama Univ., Urawa, Japan
An Approach for Analysis of Chaos in Josephson Autonomous Circuit
Morisue, Mititada; Kasahara, Hideki; Araki, Kiyomichi; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
Volume 2; 1987, pp. 664-667; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A novel approach for analysis of chaos and its associated oscillations produced in Josephson autonomous circuit is
proposed. In the approach the period of free-running periodic oscillations is first determined by computer assisted technique,
and then the solutions for oscillations are plotted in a 3-dimensional plane and in a Poincare section. By using this approach,
what types of oscillations in Josephson autonomous circuit are produced is discussed.
Author
Autonomy; Chaos; Circuits
20060002117 Columbia Univ., New York, NY, USA
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters with Full Digital Programmability
Vallancourt, David; Tsividis, Yannis; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 329-333; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): ECS-83-10227; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Analog Signa1 Processors (ASPs) offering separate digital programming of each transfer function coefficient are
demonstrated. In these ASPs, each network branch gain is determined by a single digitally-controlled analog transmission gate,
and no selectable capacitor (or resistor) arrays arc required. Some of the ASPs described exhibit programmable topology,
simultaneous multiple-signal, multiple-transfer function capability, and/or freedom from reliance on any capacitor or resistor
ratios. Processors operating on continuous signals as well as those operating on sampled signals are discussed; the latter have
been integrated in 4/micron CMOS technology.
Author
Signal Processing; Digital Systems; Capacitors; Transfer Functions; Switching
20060002119 Stanford Univ., CA, USA
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-Balancer
Widrow, Bernard; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 351-357; In English;
See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper reviews work on artificial adaptive neurons done at Stanford University almost 25 years ago. The development
of an adaptive linear threshold element (ADALINE) and several of of its mathematical properties are described. Applications
were made to pattern recognition, speech recognition, classification of EKG waveforms, weather forecasting, and to control
systems. An ADALINE element, a single artificial neuron, was used as a trainable controller to stabilize an inverted pendulum.
This was the original adaptive broom-balancer. The broom-balancer of the future will be a system that can learn to balance
the ‘broom’ by observing the real time control decisions made by the teacher, an expert who knows how to do the control
function. The teacher has access to the critical control state variables. The trainable system, an ADALINE network, observes
the cart and pendulum through visual (photocell array or TV) inputs and must of its own accord obtain the relevant state
information by dynamic scene analysis. With an adequate training sample, the ADALINE net wi11 be able to take over the
control function from the teacher and thus become a trained expert. This research will lead to a new class of trainable expert
systems.
Author
Neurons; Access Control; Controllers; Pattern Recognition; Neural Nets; Information Analysis; Expert Systems
66

20060002120 Audesyn, Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to Functional Pipelining
Girczyc, E. F.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 382-385; In English; See
also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper discusses loop winding as a technique for increasing the data throughput of a repeated algorithm (loop). Loop
winding allows a conventional circuit synthesis algorithm to be used to generate pipelined circuits by modifying the data flow
graph of the algorithm in a preprocessing phase. Loop winding partitions each loop iteration according to path length and then
winds these in parallel to form a shorter loop executing at a higher frequency. This achieves a functional pipeline as operations
from several iterations of the loop are executed in parallel without forcing the algorithm onto a pipeline structure. The removal
of the pipeline structure achieves better sharing of resources because of the removal of the concept of ‘stages’. In addition to
increasing throughput, loop winding can also be used to decrease circuit size by increasing the flexibility of operation
assignment, and to decrease the latency of an algorithm by pipelining nested, finite length loops.
Author
Loops; Pipelining (Computers); Information Flow; Graphs (Charts); Circuits; Algorithms
20060002121 Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO, USA
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size VLSl Arrays
Lombardi, F.; Sciuto, D.; Stefanelli, R.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 386-389; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents different methods for reconfiguring a fixed-size array into an array of arbitrary rectangular shape. This
type of reconfiguration is referred to as functional reconfiguration as it maps processing functionalities (given by an algorithm)
into an array of different dimensions. It is proved that overhead for switching and routing is minimal.
Author
Algorithms; Switching; Very Large Scale Integration; Arrays
20060002125 Rice Univ., Houston, TX, USA
A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed Tolerance Design Centering Based on a Modified Simplex Method
Pham, Trung T.; deFigueiredo, Rui J. P.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 406-409; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-85-K0152; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, we present a new technique for design centering, in integrated circuit design, based on a modification of
the simplex method. Specifically, we focus attention on the determination of the worst case functions in the fixed tolerance
problem. The technique presented by us solves a pseudo linear programming problem with a nonlinear objective function and
linear constraints.
Author
Integrated Circuits; Linear Programming; Simplex Method; Algorithms
20060002126 Notre Dame Univ., IN, USA
Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits
Huang, Qiu; Liu, Roey-wen; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 418-421;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The problem of K-fault diagnosis problem of piecewise-linear systems are Investigated. A fault-diagnosis equation Is
derived. Based on it, a linear method is hence proposed. A piecewise-linear circuit is used as an illustrative example. f(x) =
A(x)x - b(x) (2.2) where A(x) eRnxnandb(x)eRn,whose elements are functions of x. Furthermore, let
Author
Fault Detection; Error Analysis; Linear Circuits; Linear Systems
20060002127 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA, USA
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital Converters
Rebold, T. A.; Irons, F. H.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 455-458; In
English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper outlines a practical method for decreasing the harmonic distortion of high-speed (1 to 100 MHz)
analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), making them more suitable for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectral analysis
67

applications requiring wide dynamic range. The basis of this method lies in the application of a two-dimensional correction
table to the converter’s output sequence. A correction value for each ADC output state is accessed by both the output state itself
and an estimate of the slope of the analog input at the time of conversion, hence the name ‘phase-plane compensation’. Two
example applications of this technique upon real converters show reductions of up to 30 dB in dominant distortion
components. These improvements were obtained without the use of a sample-hold component in front of the ADC.
Author
Analog to Digital Converters; Fast Fourier Transformations; Spectrum Analysis; Dynamic Range; Distortion
20060002128 INTEL Corp., Haifa, Israel
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
Shafir, Haim; Adin, Amnon; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 473-474; In
English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Intel’s 82C501 is a multi frequency Manchester encoder/decoder and clock recovery circuit. The main implementation
of the 82C501 is a 10 Mhz Ethernet Serial Interface. An internal clock generator and a Digital Bit Synchronizer working with
an equivalent sampling rate of 330 Mhz, enables the 82C501to work at data rates of 1Mhzto 14Mhzwith a high jitter tolerance.
The 82C501 die size is 127 by 162 mils. It consists of 8000 transistors developed on a 1.5 micron double metal CMOS process.
Power dissipation is less than 0.5 Watts with a 5 volt supply.
Author
Bit Synchronization; Decoders; Rates (Per Time); Transistors; Clocks; Circuits; Coders
20060002129 Centre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique S.A., Neuchatel, Switzerland
A Design Methodology for Decimation Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
Dijkstra, E.; Degrauwe, M.; Rijmenants, J.; Nys, O.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume
2; 1987, pp. 479-482; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A design methodology is presented for FIR decimation filters in sigma delta A/D converters. The realized filter transfer
function takes into account the noise shaping in order to minimize filter complexity. A simulated annealing optimization is
performed to minimize the wordlength of the filter coefficients. This reduces typically the wordlength with two bits compared
to classical approaches. The methodology has been integrated in a CAD-tool for the design of high performance analog
circuits. This permits to make rapidly t_ade-off’s between the performance requirements of the analog loop and the complexity
of the decimation filter. A design example has been given.
Author
Transfer Functions; Analog to Digital Converters; Coeffıcients
20060002130 Fukui Univ., Japan
On the Finest Classification of All the Common Trees in a Two-Graph: Approach by a Matroid with Parity Structure
Matsumoto, Tadashi; Nakano, Shigeyoshi; Ohta, Yuzo; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume
2; 1987, pp. 491-494; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MOE-58550229; MOE-60550345; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The necessary and sufficient condition and the derivation algorithm for the optimally classifiable independent parity set
of a matroid with parity structure are presented which permit efficient usage of the generalized Feussner’s Principle for the
enumeration of all the common trees in a two-graph.
Author
Algorithms; Classifications; Parity
20060002131 International Business Machines Corp., Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
On the Two Graph Minimum Modified Nodal Formulation
Hsieh, Hsueh Y.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 503-506; In English;
See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
An analytic derivation to obtain minimum modified nodal circuit matrix has been presented. This approach uses the two
graph method with a new partition of the terminal equations. Also two algorithms are described here for implementation and
pivoting. An example is given to illustrate the proposed approach
Author
Matrices (Circuits); Formulations; Graphs (Charts)
68

20060002132 Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA
Compaction with Performance Optimization
Lo, Chi-Yuan; Varadarajan, Ravi; Crocker, W. H.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2;
1987, pp. 514-517; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a new symbolic layout compacter MACS. It typically outperforms MULGA in area by 20% in both
leaf cells and assembled modules with comparable cpu time. In addition, the compacted layouts exhibit better performance
characteristics due to a secondary objective optimization step. After the primary objective function of minimum height is
achieved, circuit components are moved in such a way that the performance is optimized.
Author
Compacting; Circuits; Layouts; Modules
20060002133 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block Layout
Jackson, Michael A. B.; Kuh, E. S.; Marek-Sadowska, M.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
Volume 2; 1987, pp. 518-519; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): ECS-85-06901; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The physical design of VLSI chips can no longer be concerned only with the geometrical factors of area and wirelength
minimization. In addition, the timing ramifications for the integrated circuit must be examined especially when one considers
the present and future demands for automatic layout to help optimize circuit performance. Previous work has addressed
timing/layout issues for gate array and standard cell design styles. We present a methodology for the timing-driven layout of
building block or custom IC’s and its implementation in the new BEAR layout system.
Derived from text
Integrated Circuits; Optimization; Methodology; Time Measurement
20060002134 Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
Complexities of Layouts in Three-Dimensional VLSI Circuits
Aboelaze, Mokhtar A.; Wah, Benjamin W.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 543-546; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NOOOO14-84-C; DMC 85-19649; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Recent advances in Very-Large-Scale-Integration (VLSI) fabrication technologies have demonstrated the feasibility of
three-dimensional (3-D) circuits in a single chip. Due to the ability and flexibility to connect non-adjacent circuits using the
third dimension, the cost of mapping non-planar circuits to two-dimensional (2-D) systems can be reduced. In this paper, we
examine the complexities in volume and maximum wire length of mapping circuits represented as undirected graphs to 3-D
systems. Tighter bounds than those previously known are shown for various families of graphs, in both the one-active layer
and the unrestricted layouts.
Author
Integrated Circuits; Very Large Scale Integration; Fabrication; Layouts; Three Dimensional Models
20060002135 Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Nonplanar Switchable Arrays for Signal Processing
Aravena, Jorge L.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 551-554; In English;
See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The paper establishes triple matrix product operations as basis for the development of fast linear algorithms. The special
case of the DFT is presented in detail. Special systolic architectures are developed to implement the triple product without
intermediate I/O. The architectures feature nonplanar data circulation and dynamic switching characteristics.
Author
Algorithms; Signal Processing; Systolic Arrays
20060002136 Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Computational Aspects of Quadratic Signal Processing
Porter, William A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 555-558; In English;
See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Systolic array processors featuring local communications, high throughput and VLSI compatability provide the most
69

attractive media for meeting the computational requirements of on line non linear signal processing. This study considers
computational requirements attendant to the Wigner distribution, and bilinear functions.
Author
Quantum Mechanics; Signal Processing; Very Large Scale Integration
20060002137 Technische Hogeschool, Delft, Netherlands
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays
Nelis, H.; Deprettere, Ed. F.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 559-563;
In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): ESPRIT 991; STW DEL 44.0643; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The utility of systolic/wavefront arrays suffers, since only problems of one particular size can be solved on an array.
Needless to say, this is undesirable. In this paper we therefore show how systolic/wavefront arrays can be automatically
designed and partitioned to solve problems of arbitrary size. The methods and tools which are present are consistent with, and
embedded in our hierarchical and interactive flow graph integration system HIFI.
Author
Algorithms; Systolic Arrays; Systems Integration; Wave Fronts; Mapping
20060002138 Jiaotong Univ., Shanghai, China
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction for VLSI/CAD Two Way System
Lin, Z. H.; Nee, B.; Rong, M. T.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 584-587;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper provided a new concept in the area of VLSI/CAD named Two Way System. The CAD Two Way System
consists of reverse engineering system and forward engineering system. Verification is a important problem not only in reverse
engineering system, but also in forward engineering system. The paper also provided a new approach of Bipolar Circuit
Extraction for the verification of Two Way System. The DMR, based on the methods of ‘device mask model’ and ‘device
expression’ can easily recognize all the type of bipolar devices and can also give the interconnection among these devices. A
new algorithm is present for the device recognition.
Author
Bipolarity; Circuits; Computer Aided Design; Reverse Engineering; Very Large Scale Integration
20060002140 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
CODECS: An Object-Oriented Mixed-Level Circuit and Device Simulator
Mayaram, Kartikeya; Pederson, Donald O.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 604-607; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 82-11-008; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new mixed-level circuit and device simulator called CODECS has been developed which has a circuit-simulation
capability comparable to SPICE2. DSIM is a new device simulator that has also been developed. The tasks common to
BIASlisp and DSIM are handled by the same set of routines in CODECS. DSIM provides one- and two-dimensional numerical
models (described by the Poisson’s equation and the two current continuity equations) for diodes and bipolar transistors and
two-dimensional numerical models for MOSFETs. The numerical models in DSIM include several physical effects such as
bandgap narrowing, Shockley-Hall-Read and Auger recombinations, concentration and field dependent mobilities and
concentration dependent lifetimes. CODECS simulations are presented to demonstrate that mixed-level circuit and device
simulation is necessary under several situations. CODECS is written in LISP on the Symbolics 3600 LISP machine and makes
use of object-oriented programming.
Author
Circuits; Mathematical Models; Object-Oriented Programming; Simulators
20060002141 Tampere Univ. of Technology, Finland
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection of Identical Allpass Subfilters
Saramaki, Tapio; Renfors, Markku; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 629-632; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A novel approach is presented for the design of IIR digital filters by using replicas of two distinct allpass filters. These
building blocks are interconnected with the aid of a few additional tap coefficients and adders. The design of the overall filter
70

can be decomposed into the design of an elliptic filter and a nonlinear phase FIR filter. The nonlinear phase FIR filter
determines the tap coefficients, whereas the elliptic filter determines the two allpass filters. The elliptic filter determines also
a frequency transformation which maps the passband and stopband of a prototype nonlinear phase FIR filter onto those of the
overall filter. The proposed design algorithm allows the allpass sections and the tap coefficients to be simultaneously
optimized. Several examples demonstrate how the new approach leads to implementations requiring fewer distinct multipliers
and significantly lower coefficient wordlengths than equivalent pure elliptic designs.
Author
Digital Filters; Fir Filters; Nonlinear Filters; Algorithms; Coeffıcients
20060002142 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA, USA
Realization of Structurally LBR Digital Allpass Networks
Szczupak, Jacques; Mitra, Sanjit K.; Fadavi-Ardekani, Jalil; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
Volume 2; 1987, pp. 633-636; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF DCI-85-08017; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A digital lossless bounded-real (LBR) transfer function, more commonly known as a stable allpass function, maintains
the LBR property under multiplier coefficient quantization when implemented by networks that are structurally lbr. This paper
outlines a systematic method to generate all possible such realizations for second order transfer functions containing a
minimum number of multipliers and delays, allowing the designer to take advantage of the flexibility offered by a catalog of
such realizations.
Author
Transfer Functions; Digital Filters
20060002143 Miami Univ., FL, USA
Simplified Class 1 Matched Detection Filters Using Generalized Transforms
Lindquist, Claude S.; Lin, Hsien E.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 660-663; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Simplified Class 1 matched detection filters defined in the generalized frequency domain are derived. These filters utilize
Walsh, Haar, slant, and other generalized transforms. Simulations show that they perform as expected and are simpler than
the Class 1 algorithms presented previously.
Author
Transformations (Mathematics); Matched Filters
20060002144 Xian Jiaotong Univ., China
Chaotic Oscillations in a Forced Second Order Circuit Containing a Piecewise-Linear Capacitor
Xia, Cheng-Quan; Gao, Jin-Feng; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 676-679; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The period bifurcations and chaotic oscillations in a simple series circuit consisting of a linear resistor, a linear inductor,
a piecewise-linear negative capacitor, and a sinusoidal voltage source are investigated by computer simulations and physical
circuit experiment studies. The chaotic steady states are confirmed by its irregular Poincare map, strange attractor, continuous
broad band power spectrum, the complex waveform, and the fractal Liapunov dimension.
Author
Oscillations; Circuits; Capacitors
20060002145 Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
Rodriquez-Vazquez, A.; Rueda, A.; Perez-Verdu, B.; Huertas, J. L.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and
Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 684-687; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we discuss the use of Switched-Capacitor (SC) techniques for designing electronic chaos generators. A
general circuit structure is proposed for the realization of discrete dynamical systems modelled by two-dimensional maps.
Experimental results are given for 2 SC circuits described respectively by the Henon map and the Lozi map.
Author
Generators; Switching; Capacitors
71

20060002148 American Telephone and Telegraph Technology Systems, Allentown, PA, USA
The Evolution of Test Heads in High Frequency VLSI Test Systems
Barber, Mark R.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 520-525; In English;
See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
LSI test systems built in the 1970’s were equipped with compact, 60-pin, test heads that presented devices-under-test
(DUT)s with open wires leading to lumped-capacitive loads. Today’s VLSI testers have much larger, 256-pin test heads with
transmission lines leading from the DUT’s to driver-comparator circuits that are sometimes 50 cm away. Reflections within
the transmission lines can cause timing measurement errors as large as 10 ns when testing MOS devices whose output
impedances are not matched to the transmission lines. These errors will occur even though the automatic test equipment is
adjusted to subnanosecond accuracy. From a testing point of view it would be desirable if future sub-micron silicon and
gallium arsenide very high speed IC’s could be designed to drive transmission lines that are terminated with matched resistors
at the comparators.
Author
High Frequencies; Very Large Scale Integration; Systems Engineering; Comparator Circuits; Automatic Test Equipment
20060002149 Ohio Univ., Athens, OH, USA
VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate Delay Measurements Under Transmission Line Effects
Mokari-Bolhassan, M. E.; Kang, S. M.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 526-529; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 85-12-109; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The majority of the new VLSI chips have more than 125 pins, thus making it very difficult to place the tester’s high
impedance comparator circuits close to the contact pads of the device-undertest (DUT). The actual measurement of the signals
form the DUT is performed at the far end of transmission lines 50 cm or more away from the contact pads. This non-ideal
measurement suffers from waveform distortions and errors which are caused by the intrinsic delay of the transmission lines
and also the loading conditions at both ends of the transmission lines. In this paper the non-ideal measurement problem Is
analyzed with mathematical mode]s and analytical results are applied to correct the measurement errors with computer aids.
A new technique is presented to evaluate the true output delay time of the DUT under specified loading conditions using the
measured data from an imperfect measurement set up.
Author
Delay Lines; Transmission Lines; Very Large Scale Integration; Characterization; Mathematical Models
20060002152 Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, USA
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator Loop OTA Filter Structures
Sanchez-Sinencio, Edgar; Geiger, Randall L.; Nevarez-Lozano, Horacio; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and
Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 325-328; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Generation of two integrator loop filter structures using operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTAs) and Capacitors
(TAC) is presented. A direct block diagram approach is employed to generate the TAC filter structures. The basic filter building
blocks consist of a Lossless Integrator, Lossy Integrators and three types of summers. They are implemented using OTAs as
the active components. The resulting TAC 2nd-order filter structures, are orderly generated. The selection of the best structure
depends upon the particular application or design specifications. Programmability of w (sub p 3) Q(sub p) and voltage gain
is considered. The generated TAC biquadratic structures are very suitable for monolithic filters since typically only OTAs and
two capacitors are needed.
Author
Capacitors; Integrators; Operational Amplifiers; Transconductance
20060002153 Canadian Marconi Co. Ltd., Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible with Semi-Custom VLSI
Faruque, S. M.; Martens, W.; DeCombe, C.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 339-341; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): A4489; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A design technique for programmable analog filters is proposed. The basic building block in this realization is aDtoA
converter whose weighted-current output is directly fed into an integrating capacitor to obtain a programmable integrator.
Analog filters based on this integrator then become digitally programmable, It has the flexibility of digital filters and can be
72

ealized by means of semi-custom VLSI technique. Example of a switched-capacitor programmable filter is given.
Author
Digital Filters; Switching; Inverted Converters (DC to AC); Capacitors; Integrators
20060002154 Kent Univ., Canterbury, UK
Integrated Circuit Structures for Processing Man-Machine Interaction
Dimond, K. R.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 347-350; In English; See
also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Complex electronic equipment is finding increasing use in the factory, office or home. The efficient use of such equipment
is dependent upon the design of the man-machine interface. Since these interfaces are application specific it is vital that
automatic methods are developed to produce custom integrated circuits (i.c.’s) to process the human interaction. This paper
investigates a notation for describing a very wide range of man-machine interaction and shows how this specification can be
transformed into custom integrated structures with the minimum of human interaction. A description is given of the operation
of the software tools and the steps which are taken to minimise the resulting silicon structure. The technique may be applied
to a wide range of application areas from the user interface of modern complex instruments to improving the programmer
interface of microprocessor system interface components.
Author
Integrated Circuits; Man Machine Systems; Application Specific Integrated Circuits; Microprocessors
20060002158 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural Nets
Ritchey, J. A.; Atlas, L. E.; Somani, A.; Nguyen, D.; Holt, F.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
Volume 2; 1987, pp. 370-373; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): LD2709; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Hopfield neural net processors (NNP) have been shown to be an interesting class of fault tolerant, parallel computers for
pattern recognition. In this paper, we give some limited simulation results that contrast the performance of the Hopfield NNP,
whose T-matrix is in sum-of-outer-products form, and the Projection NNP, which uses an orthogonal projection onto the linear
space spanned by the library elements. A Compact NNP is introduced which promises good recall ability with a low density
of neuron interconnections.
Author
Neural Nets; Fault Tolerance; Pattern Recognition; Parallel Computers; Neurons
20060002161 Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Efficient Array Processing Structures for Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters
Lou, Yuang; Nikias, Chrysostomos L.; Venetsanopoulos, Anastasios N.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and
Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 547-550; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-86-01307; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
There are many significant applications of nonlinear adaptive digital filters such as the cancellation of echoes and
intersymbol interference, the equalization of transmission channels, adaptive noise cancellation and design of optimal
predictors in communication systems. In this paper, we introduce a class of efficient architectures for adaptive quadratic digital
filters based on the LMS algorithm and on rank compressed lower-upper (LU) triangular decomposition method. The
architectures exhibit high parallelism as well as modularity and regularity. They are mapped into parallel pipeline and systolic
array implementations and are evaluated on hardware cost (in bits), and data throughput delay.
Author
Digital Filters; Nonlinear Filters; Very Large Scale Integration; Adaptive Filters
20060002162 Illinois Univ., Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
A Procedure for a Chip Floorplanning
Hsu, Yu-Chin; Kubitz, William J.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 568-571; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a procedure for chip floorplanning. The system is divided into several subtasks such that one can
evaluate and revise the intermediate results and incrementally input design decisions. Both an initial placement algorithm and
a packing algorithm are discussed. In the initial placement algorithm, the area of each module as well as its interconnections
73

are considered and modeled as an unconstrained minimization problem. The area of bounding rectangle is iteratively reduced
by changing the shapes of modules according to their shape constraints in the packing algorithm. A novel feature of the
packing algorithm is that modules are ‘shift back’ to obtain the maximal slack regions. Experimental results show that this
method achieves better area utilization and shorter wiring length than the slicing structure approach.
Author
Iteration; Algorithms; Optimization; Chips (Electronics)
20060002163 Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI, USA
An Improved Building Block Model for Placement Using Simulated Annealing
Man-Kuan, Vai; Shanblatt, Michael A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 572-575; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
An improved building block model that guarantees overlap between building blocks will not occur in the simulated
annealing VLSI placement process is presented. In addition, the model reduces the size of the problem space so that a solution
is found more rapidly. Experimental results show that a significant reduction in computation time is achieved over existing
simulated annealing placement programs.
Author
Simulated Annealing; Very Large Scale Integration; Mathematical Models; Algorithms
20060002164 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits
Milor, Linda; Visvanathan, V.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 414-417;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In order to judge the efficiency of sets of tests and speed up testing of analog-circuits, a circuit-level fault-based approach
to analog testing is presented. Despite the fact that many specifications are bounds on the dynamic behaviour of a circuit, we
suggest that DC testing may be able to detect many faulty circuits and present a systematic approach to DC testing. We then
evaluate the effectiveness of DC testing by applying this methodology to some CMOS analog subnetworks.
Author
Analog Circuits; Dynamic Characteristics; Performance Tests; Fault Tolerance
20060002165 Princeton Univ., NJ, USA
Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS Adaptive Algorithm
Evans, Joseph B.; Liu, Bede; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 422-425;
In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): ECS 83-17777; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Variable step size (VS) algorithms present an attractive method of overcoming the slow convergence rate problems of the
least mean square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, with minimal added cost in complexity. Simulation and theoretical results are
presented for two types of VS algorithms. Also included are results demonstrating the performance of these algorithms when
a power-of-two quantizer is used. Implementation considerations are briefly discussed.
Author
Algorithms; Convergence; Least Squares Method; Mean Square Values
20060002166 Ottawa Univ., Ontario, Canada
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
Savov, Emil; Steenaart, Willem; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 430-433;
In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSERC-A8572; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The topics discussed in this paper are related to the use of VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) components in high-speed
adaptive digital signal processing and more specifically concerning the LMS (Least Mean Square) algorithm. The problem of
sequential coefficient access is addressed. Some alternative architectures are proposed which are shown to be efficient and
suitable for VLSI-based implementations. A modified version of the LMS algorithm is also introduced which uses a filtered
74

value of the error signal in the coefficient update equation. It is found to be easy to implement and gives advantages over the
conventional algorithm under certain conditions.
Author
Least Squares Method; Mean Square Values; Algorithms; Very Large Scale Integration; Signal Processing
20060002167 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for Gray-Markel Lattice
Tummala, Murali; Parker, Sydney R.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 436-441; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper derives a new recursive least squares algorithm for a 2-multiplier Gray-Markel lattice filter realizing an infinite
impulse response (IIR) transfer function. The algorithm consists of two parts - updating the lattice reflection coefficients, and
updating the filter tap weights. The proposed algorithm differs from those presented previously in that it does not incorporate
a gradient approximation step in its derivation. Also the absence of an adaptation constant, that usually requires a trial and error
selection, makes it a more robust algorithm at the expense of more computations. In the following, we present a detailed
derivation of the algorithm together with computer simulation results showing its faster rate of convergence.
Author
Transfer Functions; Algorithms; Computerized Simulation; Gradients; Lattices; Convergence
20060002170 Zhejiang Institute of Technology, Hangzhou, China
An Application of Bin-Packing to Building Block Placement
Chun-hong, Chen; Mei-lun, Liu; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 576-579;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
More and more attention has been paid to building block placement (BBP) problem in the automatic layout design of
VLSI. This paper describes an application of bin-packing to BBP which is based on a kind of classification of blocks. The
algorithm tries to minimize the chip size required while the routing is facilitated, and provides a new approach to the
constructive initial BBP. Experimental results have shown the excellent performance of the algorithm.
Author
Algorithms; Very Large Scale Integration; Automatic Control
20060002171 Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech Decoding
Venkatesh, C. G.; Deller, J. R., Jr.; Cozzens, M. B.; Hsu, D.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
Volume 2; 1987, pp. 580-583; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A partitioning theorem for planar graphs due to Lipton and Tarjan is applied to a class of decoding problems. A graph
consisting of N nodes can be searched for an optimal decoding path using only O(/N) node evaluations and with less risk of
pruning the correct path than with conventional methods. An example application to speech recognition is given.
Author
Decoding; Speech Recognition; Mathematical Models; Graphs (Charts)
20060002172 Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing Simulator
Lai, Feipei; Rao, Vasant B.; Trick, Timothy N.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 592-595; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
JADE is a hierarchical switch-level timing simulator for CMOS circuits written in LISP. The entire circuit is first
partitioned inlo various blocks at each level of the hierarchy. The signal delays in JADE are computed hierarchically on a
block-by-block basis. Strongly connected components are deleeled and collapsed into a single vertex thereby resulting in a
directed acyclic condensation graph. JADE then simulates the blocks corresponding to the veriices of the condensation graph
in topological order. JADE then computes two parameters for each circuit node, namely, the earliest starting time computed
by scanning the vertices of the condensation graph lhe forward order and the latest completion time oblained by scanning in
the reverse order. A node is said to be critical if both parameters are equal. A block is said to be critical if it has a critical input
node and a critical outpul node. A critical path is then defined to be the longest directed path in the graph composed only of
critical blocks and/or subcircuits. The hierarchical approach used in JADE saves a considerable amount of memory space and
75

the program executes at least 100 times as fast as SPICE2, yet produces discrete waveforms with timing typically within l0
percent of SPICE2.
Author
Simulators; Switches; Metal Oxide Semiconductors; Circuits; Time Lag
20060002173 California Univ., Davis, CA, USA
A Simulation Model of the Composite ‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated
Circuits
Current, K. W.; Okahata, D. M.; Edwards, F. A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2;
1987, pp. 596-599; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A circuit simulaiton model of the composite ‘pinch resistor’ device structure on linear bipolar semi-custom integrated
circuits is presented. This model represents the operation of a pair of pinch resistors, and all of their parasitic devices in their
isolated epi region. Parasitics included in the model are the JFETs, and the vertical and lateral pnp transistors associated with
the pinch resistors. Good agreement between simulated and experimental results has been found in DC, AC, and transient
circuit examples. With this new model, the behavior of this useful composite set of devices may be more completely depicted
in circuit simulations.
Author
Resistors; Integrated Circuits; Bipolarity; Simulation; Mathematical Models
20060002174 Illinois Univ., IL, USA
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate Integration Scheme for Circuit Simulation
Saleh, Resve A.; Newton, A. Richard; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 600-603; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Recently, a number of new circuit simulators have been developed which reduce simulation runtimes by exploiting two
properties of waveforms called ‘latency’ and ‘multirate behavior’. While these simulators have successfully reduced the
overall runtimes, it has been observed that the speed improvement varies from one circuit to another. In this paper, simple
operations are described to compute upper bounds on the speed improvement when these two waveform properties are
exploited for a given circuit. These upper bounds are used to evaluate the performance of two relaxation-based algorithms.
The first algorithm, called Iterated Timing Analysis (ITA), exploits the latency property and has been described previously.
The second algorithm, which is described in detail in this paper, is a new multirate integration scheme based on ITA. It permits
the use of different step sizes to solve different components of a system and uses a novel approach called ‘selective-backup’
to handle step rejections. The two algorithms have been implemented in a new program called SPLICE3 and a number of
simulation results are presented in this paper.
Author
Circuits; Simulation; Algorithms; Iteration; Relaxation Method (Mathematics)
20060002175 Arizona Univ., AZ, USA
A Device Simulation Tool for High-Voltage Bipolar Devices
Qiming, Wu; Cellier, Francois E.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 612-616; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a device simulation tool for high-voltage bipolar devices. This two dimensional device simulation
software package can be used by the design engineer for the optimization of topology and physical parameters of a device in
order to Increase its breakdown voltage. A variety of applications have indicated that this tool is a versatile, user-friendly, and
numerically efficient device simulator. In this paper, some interesting results are shown.
Author
Bipolarity; Computerized Simulation; High Voltages; Topology
20060002176 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
Sensitivity Analysis of PWL Circuits
Elcherif, Y. S.; Lin, P. M.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 621-624; In
English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Basic relations are given for transient sensitivity computation of piecewise linear (PWL) circuits using the adjoint network
and sensitivity network approaches. A method is presented for computer aided formulation and solution of the PWL transient
76

and sensitivity analysis problem using the adjoint network approach. An iterative complementary pivot algorithm is used for
solving the original network equations, while tile solution of the adjoint network equations is obtained without iterating. In
the original network simulation, the iterations of the algorithm have to performed only for a number of time steps which is
a small percentage of the total simulation time.
Author
Iteration; Linear Circuits; Sensitivity Analysis; Algorithms
20060002177 California Univ., Davis, CA, USA
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks with Reduced Rank Components
Haley, Stephen B.; White, Daniel A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 625-628; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new method for the computation of network transfer function poles and zeros is developed. The method transforms an
N-dimensional generalized eigenvalue problem to an M-dimensional standard eigenvalue problem. Hence, network eigenvalue
problems normally solved by applying the QZ algorithm to an NxN matrix are solvable with the more efficient QR algorithm
applied to an MxM matrix. For M \h N, the method is exceptionally efficient. In addition, the method gives new physical
insight into the relationship between network time constants and poles and zeros.
Author
Transformations (Mathematics); Matrices (Circuits); Transfer Functions; Algorithms; Time Constant
20060002179 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative Coders
Lee, Wai L.; Sodini, Charles G.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 459-462;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Oversampled interpolative coders have been demonstrated to be an effective technique for high resolution A/D conversion
that is tolerant of process imperfections. This work explores a novel topology for constructing stable interpolative coders of
arbitrary order. A theoretical analysis of the topology, addressing the issues of design methodology and quantization noise, is
presented. Measured results from an experimental fourth order modulator demonstrate the robustness of the new topology.
This modulator achieves a 90dB dynamic range over a 20kHz audio band with a sampling frequency of 2MHz.
Author
Analog to Digital Converters; Coders; Topology; Modulators; Dynamic Range; High Resolution
20060002180 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation
Paulos, John J.; Brauns, Gregory T.; Steer, Michael B.; Ardalan, Sasan H.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 463-466; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new approach to Delta-Sigma modulation is described which uses tri-level coding rather than the conventional binary
coding. It is demonstrated through simulation that this approach dramatically reduces quantization noise, particularly for small
input signals. The result is improved signal-to-noise performance and a relaxed digital filtering requirement. Circuit
implementations for the tri-level modulator are discussed which demonstrate a minor increase in circuit complexity.
Author
Signal to Noise Ratios; Delta Modulation; Circuits; Modulators; Binary Codes; Digital Filters
20060002181 Lund Univ., Sweden
A VLSI Sigma-Delta Waveform Generator for a Quadrature Type CPM Transmitter
Ekelund, Bjorn; Torkelson, Mats; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 475-478; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A VLSI baseband waveform generator for a quadrature type CPM transmitter designed using an unusual approach for
waveform generation is presented. The architecture used is well suited for VLSI but would not necessarily be chosen if the
generator was to be implemented with discrete components. The design is very compact and has potential of consuming very
little power, primarily due to the utilization of an interpolative Sigma-Delta type D/A conversion algorithm, an analog part
77

with low precision components, and some mathematical properties of the modulation scheme. A CMOS chip has been
designed implementing the architecture.
Author
Very Large Scale Integration; Waveforms; Quadratures; Transmitters
20060002182 Sophia Univ., Tokyo, Japan
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large Stiff Nonlinear Networks
Tanaka, Mamoru; Asai, Mitsuo; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 617-620;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Stiff nonlinear state equations are converted to nonlinear nodal algebraic equations in each time step. In the new
algorithm, the nodal equations linearized by Newton Raphson (NR) method are converted to the linear virtual state equations
by inserting a virtual capacitor between each node and the reference node. And then, linear Gauss Seidel(GS) method is
applied to the linearized equations which are obtained in each time step h by applying Backward Euler (BE) method to the
state equations. The most important process is to change the values of the virtual capacitors in each step of the NR method
in order to converge solution and to speed up. Simulation results by Sophia Relaxation Program (SRP) are shown for DC
analysis of bipolar circuits and for transient analysis of SRAM MOS circuits.
Author
Algorithms; Nonlinear Equations; Equations of State; Capacitors; Waveforms; Relaxation Method (Mathematics)
20060002187 Syracuse Univ., NY, USA
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Multiconductor Transmission Lines
Sarkar, Tapan K.; Rahalarabi, Tawfik; Harrington, Roger F.; Djordjevic, Antonije R.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on
Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 511-513; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The basic objective of this presentation is to outline a methodology for the analysis of multiconductor transmission lines
embedded in multiple lossy dielectric media. To check the accuracy of the theoretical analysis, we have compared the
theoretical results with experiment.
Author
Transmission Lines; Lossy Media; Embedding; Dielectrics
20060002189 Calgary Univ., Alberta, Canada
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
Nowrouzian, B.; Turner, L. E.; Fong, R.; Lee, L. S.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume
2; 1987, pp. 649-655; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSREC-A5715; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A general procedure for designing two dimensional (2D) velocity filters based on array filters derived originally for
multichannel (multiple input single output) processing of the recordings of an array of sensors is presented. These filters can
be implemented in the frequency domain using the 2D Fast Fourier Transform. A specific case of velocity filters based on a
family of multichannel array filters obtained recently for attenuating a coherent interference in the array recordings is worked
out in detail.
Author
Integrators; Digital Filters; Multichannel Communication; Fourier Transformation
20060002190 Keio Univ., Japan
Period-doubling Bifurcation and Chaos in a Constrained Circuit
Inaba, Naohiko; Saito, Toshimichi; Mori, Shinsaku; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume
2; 1987, pp. 668-671; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
It is shown that the phenomena such as a period-doubling bifurcation and chaos generated in the Shinrikis’ circuit could
be well explained by a simplified model which we here after call as the Ideal Model. Here the idealization means that the
diodes in the circuit operate as an ideal switch. It is considered that the Ideal Model is the simplest chaos generating circuit
because it is constructed from 3 reactance elements, one negative resistance and only one nonlinear element constructed from
diodes where the operation of such nonlinear element is extremely simple. From this model, Poincar_ map could be derived
78

strictly as a l-dimensional discrete map and from this obtained Poincar$ map the phenomena could be well explained.
Moreover, the theoretical results are verified by the circuit experiments.
Author
Chaos; Circuits; Period Doubling
20060002191 Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear Resistor
Tokunaga, R.; Komuro, M.; Matsumoto, T.; Chua, L. O.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
Volume 2; 1987, pp. 672-675; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We present a simple piecewise-linear circuit which exhibits a chaotic attractor similar to that observed from the
well-known Lorenz equation. Whereas the nonlinearities in the Lorenz equation consists of two product terms between two
state variables, the nonlinearities in our circuit consists of two ‘uncoupled’ 2-terminal nonlinear resistors, each characterized
by a 2-segment v-i characteristic. Both experiments and computer simulations of this circuit confirm the existence of a
Lorenz-like strange attractor. The nature of the trajectories associated with this attractor is analyzed and explained with the
help of the circuit’s piecewise-linear-geometry.
Author
Resistors; Linear Circuits; Circuits
20060002192 Tianjin Univ., China
Subharmonic Bifurcation, Stability and Chaos
Jiao, L. C.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 680-683; In English; See also
20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Two kinds of nonlinear oscillators, the undisturbed systems of which are Hamiltonian systems with homoclinic or
heteroclinic loops are studies by the Melnikov methods in the paper, and the threshold valves for subharmonic bifurcation and
chaos are obtained too. The symplectic transformation is introduced, and the stability of subharmonic orbit is investigated by
the averaged method.
Author
Oscillators; Nonlinear Systems; Stability
20060002205 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
Johnston, S. W.; Kurtz, S.; Friedman, D. J.; Ptak, A. J.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016497; NREL/CP-520-37474; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We have used deep-level transient spectroscopy to detect traps in p-type GaAsN grown by metal-organic chemical vapor
deposition. Although minority-carrier electrons are not intentionally injected into the depletion region of the measured
samples, electron traps are detected in both Schottky barrier and p-n junction devices. The electron-trap signal can exist using
only reverse biases during measurement, and checks of series resistance and minority-carrier injection using an optical source
also confirm the electron-trap signal. For dilute-nitrogen p-n junction samples, the electron trap gives the dominant signal
peak. The peak’s magnitude, which corresponds to trap density, correlates to amounts of nitrogen incorporated during growth
and reduced open-circuit voltage during light characterization. The p-type GaAsN layers have net acceptor carrier
concentrations in the mid-1016 to low-1017 cm-3, as determined by capacitance-voltage profiling. The electron-trap
concentration depends on the N content, but values, when traps are filled to saturation, range from 1015 to 1016 cm-3. The
electron signal peak shows a shoulder peak on some samples, giving another close energy level. The electron-trap activation
energy is somewhat dependent on the trap filling time, but ranges from about 0.15 to 0.30 eV, and is usually near 0.2 eV for
the largest peak when filled to saturation.
NTIS
Spectroscopy; P-N Junctions; Acceptor Materials
20060002213 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY USA, Maryland Univ., College Park, MD, USA
Impedance of Finite Length Resistor
Krinksy, S.; Podobedov, B.; Gluckstern, R. L.; May 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016502; BNL-74677-2005-CP; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
No abstract available
Impedance; Resistors
79

20060002295 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, USA
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
Kavehrad, Mohsen; Hamzeh, Belal; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 33 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-C-7114; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
Fractal modulation has been traditionally investigated for use in wireless radio frequency applications, and shown to be
beneficial in fading channels and multi-rate environments. Additionally, recent research with ultra-short pulses has shown that
such signals are more resilient to water clouds and that they are transmitted through water clouds having an optical thickness
as high as 3.2 (values typical of cumulus or stratocumulus clouds) using a modest laser energy of 7 mJ/pulse and 120 fs pulse
duration. In this paper, we present a novel design for an FSO system that harnesses the merits of both fractal modulation and
ultra-short laser pulse transmissions.
Author
Bandwidth; Radio Frequencies; Pulse Duration; Optical Thickness; Optical Communication; Pulsed Lasers; Fading
20060002298 Mitre Corp., USA
Interference Cancellation Receiver
Nguyen, Minh A.; Zaghloul, Amir I.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 22 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
Co-channel interference caused by signal collisions in systems such as slotted TDMA, Aloha, and CSMA limit the
communication system capacity and reduce the efficient use of spectrum. Therefore, it is desired that multiple corrupted
signals in the collisions be recovered. However, today s radios cannot perform this function. In this paper, we present an
interference cancellation technique that allows for the decoding of multiple co-channel signals at a small cost in performance.
The study is conducted using a BPSK modulation and demodulation method.
Author
Receivers; Radio Equipment; Electromagnetic Interference; Carrier Sense Multiple Access; Demodulation; Time Division
Multiple Access
20060002401 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
On Multi-Scale Differential Features for Face Recognition
Ravela, S.; Hanson, Allen R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-95-C-0235; EEC-9209623
Report No.(s): AD-A440240; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This paper describes an algorithm that uses multi-scale Gaussian differential features (MGDFs) for face recognition.
Results on standard sets indicate at least 96% recognition accuracy, and a comparable or better performance with other well
known techniques. The MGDF based technique is very general; its original application included similarity retrieval in textures,
trademarks, binary shapes and heterogeneous gray-level collections.
DTIC
Electronic Equipment; Pattern Recognition
20060002479 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Design and Performance Evaluation of a Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control System
Yang, H.; Buice, E. S.; Smith, S. T.; Hocken, R. J.; Fagan, T. J.; Mar. 03, 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016430; UCRL-PROC-210173; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
This abstract presents current collaborative work on the development of a stage system for accurate nanometer level
positioning for scanning specimens spanning an area of 50 mm OE 50 mm. The completed system employs a coarse/fine
approach which comprises a short-range, six degree-of-freedom fine-motion platform (5 microns 200 micro-radians) carried
by a long-range, two-axis X-Y coarse positioning system. Relative motion of the stage to a fixed metrology frame will be
80

measured using a heterodyne laser in an eight-pass interferometer configuration. The final stage system will be housed in a
vacuum environment and operated in a temperature-controlled laboratory. Results from a simple single coarse/fine axis system
will be the design basis for the final multi-axis system. It is expected that initial stage performance evaluation will be presented
at the conference.
NTIS
Evaluation; Nanotechnology; Performance Tests
20060002488 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Design of an Illumination Technique to Improve the Identification of Surface Flaws on Optics
Prasad, R. R.; Bernacil, M.; Halpin, J.; Peterson, J.; Mills, S.; Nov. 11, 2004; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15014579; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
An edge illumination technique has been designed using a monochromatic light source that improves the identification
of surface flaws on optics. The system uses a high-resolution CCD camera to capture images of the optics. Conventional edge
illumination methods using white light sources have been plagued by light leaking around the optics causing high background
levels. The background combined with lower resolution cameras has made it difficult to determine size and intensity
characteristics of the flaws. Thus photographs taken of the optics are difficult to analyze quantitatively and do not allow for
the detection of small, faintly illuminated sites. Infrared diodes have been utilized to illuminate large-scale (43 cm x 43 cm)
fused silica optics, and a two-dimensional array CCD camera has been used to collect the image data.
NTIS
Surface Defects; Illumination; Optics
34
FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS
Includes fluid dynamics and kinematics and all forms of heat transfer; boundary layer flow; hydrodynamics; hydraulics; fluidics; mass
transfer and ablation cooling. For related information see also 02 Aerodynamics.
20060001733 General Motors Research Labs., Warren, MI, USA
Real-Time Analysis of Fuel Spray Images
Badreldin, Amira M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 14.19.1 - 14.19.3; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper provides a fast and efficient technique for real-time preprocessing and analysis of fuel spray images. The
preprocessing stage consists of global thresholding of the log-edge of the image. The recognition of in-focus droplets is
achieved through a 3-1evel tree classifier. The algorithm was tested using 400 images including approximately 8000 candidate
objects. The percentage of correct classification was \g 93%. The algorithm was also tested using 200 images of very low
quality, and a recognition rate of 87% was achieved.
Author
Real Time Operation; Fuel Sprays; Preprocessing
20060001798 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Characterization of the Global Hawk Low Pressure Turbine First Rotor
Garmoe, Timothy L.; Sep. 1, 2005; 137 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440261; AFIT/GAE/ENY/05-S02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate at Wright Patterson Air Force Base has studied the
performance of turbine blade geometries utilizing a large scale, low speed, drawdown wind tunnel in an effort to better
understand gas turbine blade aerodynamics. Currently, the Air Force’s Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Global Hawk has been
operated primarily at flight conditions other than the design point of its Allison AE3007H turbofan engine. This off design
condition decreased the Reynolds number at the low pressure turbine causing losses in efficiency and loading. Two different
blades were studied to maximize performance of the Global Hawk turbine. The first was an experimental, high turning angle
blade designated the Pak-B and the second was based on the two dimensional mean diameter section of the first stage blade
of the low pressure turbine used in the Global Hawk (GH1R). The Pak-B blade has been the subject of past research. The
primary goals of this study were to validate the wind tunnel after previous upgrades, physically modify the test section to
accept the Global Hawk blades, and to characterize the GH1R blades. A Reynolds number sweep was performed from 10K
to 100K by 5K increments on a linear turbine cascade of 8 first rotor test blades. Measurements of wake velocity, total pressure
81

losses, and boundary layer velocity were made to examine the flow. These measurements resulted in an averaged integrated
total pressure loss profile for the Global Hawk first rotor. The operational primary mission inlet Reynolds number for the
GH1R blade was calculated to be 13,500 and compared to the loss profile. It was shown that the Global Hawk first rotor has
much lower losses than that of the Pak-B blade, and shows no signs of mid-line separation.
DTIC
Gas Turbines; Low Pressure; Rotors; Turbine Blades; Turbines
20060001841 Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab., Hanover, NH USA
Handbook of Physical Constants and Functions for Use in Atmospheric Boundary Layer Studies
Andreas, Edgar L.; Oct. 1, 2005; 54 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440352; ERDC/CRREL-M-05-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Studies of the atmospheric boundary layer always require values for the dynamic and thermodynamic properties of the
fluids present: namely, air, water vapor, and other trace gases. Studies of the marine boundary layer frequently require similar
properties for the ocean, in addition. This handbook collects functions for calculating the values for these dynamic and
thermodynamic variables. For example, it includes equations for air density, water vapor density, and seawater density. It also
describes various humidity variables and shows how to convert among these. It includes equations for the specific heats of
dry air, water vapor, moist air, seawater, and ice and for the latent heats of water in its various phases. The handbook goes
on to show how to calculate the molecular transport properties such as the thermal conductivity of air and the diffusivities of
heat, water vapor, and several environmentally important gases in air. This discussion naturally includes values for the
molecular Prandtl and Schmidt numbers. Finally, the handbook concludes with summaries of several wind force scales that
descriptively categorize winds on land and sea: the Beaufort Scale, the Saffir-Simpson Scale for hurricanes, and the Fujita
Scale for tornadoes.
DTIC
Atmospheric Boundary Layer; Boundary Layers; Handbooks
20060001881 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation of the IMS20000 (trademark) (Bruker Daltonics GmbH Ion Mobility
Spectrometer 2000) Against Chemical Warfare Agents Summary Report
Baranoski, John M.; Longworth, Terri L.; Jul. 1, 2003; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440433; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection characteristics of the commercially available
IMS2000TM. This instrument is an ion mobility spectrometer, designed for detection and monitoring of chemical warfare
agents and industrial toxins. The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. . This report
provides the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection and verification an overview of the capabilities of the
IMS2000TM.
DTIC
Chemical Warfare; Ion Mobility Spectroscopy; Spectrometers
20060002372 Bently Pressurized Bearing Co., Minden, NV, USA
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander Seal and Bearing Retrofit
Bently, Donald E.; Mathis, Dean W.; Thomas, G. RIchard; 2004 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System Workshop, Volume 1;
October 2005, pp. 223-246; In English; See also 20060002371; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; No
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This presentation documents the: 1) operating characteristics of the turboexpander as originally supplied from the OEM
with brush seals, 17-4 PH shaft material, and magnetic bearings, 2) the design modifications made to the turboexpander, and
3) operating characteristics of the turboexpander with the modified labyrinth seals, titanium alloy shaft material, and
pressurized radial and thrust gas(methane) bearings. The turboexpander now successfully and continually operates at 70,000
rpm.
Derived from text
Brush Seals; Labyrinth Seals; Thrust Bearings; Shafts (Machine Elements); Liquefied Natural Gas
20060002379 Perkin-Elmer Corp., Warwick, RI, USA
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing with 3D CFD Model
Zheng, Xiaoqing; 2004 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System Workshop, Volume 1; October 2005, pp. 165-180; In English; See
also 20060002371; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
82

Hydrodynamic film-riding gas seal, having been successfully used in industrial pump and compressor applications for
decades, is now finding way into aero-engines. Aerospace applications require the seal work robustly under various speeds and
constantly changing pressures. Maintaining seal face flatness is also more challenging in aerospace than in industrial
applications because of the seal size and the rapid thermal transition in aero-engines. Another difficulty in aerospace
application comes from the altitude condition, where air is thin, not enough opening force may be generated to separate the
seal faces from touching. Therefore, the hydrodynamic groove design is more critical in aerospace application. In order to
maximize the seal performances, the groove shape and depth are optimized for the worst application condition, such as at the
altitude, with using a 2D model coupled with a non-linear optimization procedure. Seals designed in this way have been found
working well both in rig test and in on-flight evaluation. However, two recently designed seals based on full optimization were
found not working during rig test. These two seals features very fine grooves that is thinner than the other seals that worked
well. The 2D code from time to time predicted that seals work better if more grooves were engraved. The under-performed
two seals indicated there might be something missing in the 2D model. It was speculated that the entrance losses and 3D effects
for narrow grooves become significant, resulting in reduction of hydrodynamic opening force. In order to quantify the
influences of 3D effect, a three-dimensional model is therefore developed to calculate the fluid flow between the seal faces,
and then the results are compared with the 2D solution. The model solves a circumferential section of seal face that consists
one land and one groove region. A small region outside the sealing face is also included to simulate the flow entrance and exit.
It was found that the 3D CFD model generally agrees with the 2D model in determining the optimum groove dimensions. The
3D code gives similar trend predictions of seal opening force under the influences of groove depth, number of grooves, land
to groove ratio and groove angle, although there exist differences in the absolute value levels. The 3D CFD results forced a
re-examination of hardware and further re-test the seal. It is concluded that the problems were due to manufacture tolerance
with such fine grooves. The design code is correct, but manufacture capability should be incorporated. CFD results and test
data are reported in this paper.
Author
Computational Fluid Dynamics; Sealing; Two Dimensional Models; Three Dimensional Models; Fluid Flow; Aerospace
Engineering
20060002385 Advanced Products Co., CT, USA
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development for Aero Propulsion and Gas Turbine Applications
More, Greg; Datta, Amit; 2004 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System Workshop, Volume 1; October 2005, pp. 1-18; In English;
See also 20060002371; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
An innovative seal consisting of a blade alloy spring energizer and cold formable superalloy jacket can be designed for
applications above 1500 F. The seal is expected to minimize cooling air and leakage thereby enhancing engine efficiency. The
design can be further improved with cast net shape single crystal springs attached to an easily machinable superalloy ring. The
single crystal spring structure can also be used where low load/ high deflection device is required for extremely high
temperature applications.
Derived from text
High Temperature; Seals (Stoppers); Loads (Forces); Leakage; Heat Resistant Alloys; Crystal Structure; Single Crystals
20060002461 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Dimensional Measurements of Three Tubes by Computed Tomography
Schneberk, D. J.; Martz, H. E.; Brown, W. D.; Oct. 13, 2004; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15014597; UCRL-TR-207195; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Low density polyethylene (LDPE), copper (Cu), and gold (Au) tubes were scanned on KCAT to identify and evaluate the
impact of phase effects on quantitative object recovery. These tubes are phantoms for high energy density capsules. Digital
radiographs for each tube are shown in Figure 1. The LDPE tube was scanned at 60 kV, while the Cu and the Au tubes were
scanned at 140 kV. All tubes were scanned at a magnification of 3, with approximately 100-mm distance between the exit plane
of the tube and the scintillator. Notice the prominence of the outer bright and inner dark edges for the LDPE tube DR, and
their absence from the Cu and Au tube DRs. The bright and dark edges are a result of change in phase of the x-rays. The x-ray
fluence is partly attenuated and partly refracted. The location near the outer edge of the tube appears to be more attenuating
since those x-rays have refracted to locations just outside the tube. Alternatively, the added counts from the refraction result
in intensities that are greater than the incident intensity effectively representing a negative attenuation. This results in more
counts in that location than in the incident intensity image violating the positivedefinite requirement for standard CT
reconstruction methodologies. One aspect of our CT processing techniques remove some of this signal on the outside of the
83

object. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the accuracy of our dimensional measurement methods for mesoscale object
inspection.
NTIS
Computer Aided Tomography; Dimensional Measurement; Tomography
35
INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
Includes remote sensors; measuring instruments and gages; detectors; cameras and photographic supplies; and holography. For aerial
photography see 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation;
and 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics.
20060000061 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Observing Efficiency at Gemini Observatory
Puxley, Phil; Jorgenson, Inger; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 54-57; In English;
See also 20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Optimizing observing productivity is achieved by maximizing the time 0 collecting useful photons, while ensuring that
the ‘best’ program is being observed for the available sky conditions. This article examines the first of these two issues, the
observing efficiency. A companion article (beginning on page 58) examines queue planning and program completion at
Gemini. Since August zoo4 we have been routinely monitoring the ‘shutter-open efficiency’ of every usable science night on
both Gemini telescopes. This database of more than 400 data points allows various aspects of the observatory science
operations to be examined and for us to draw some robust conclusions.
Derived from text
Observatories; Gemini Project; Effıciency; Photons
20060000062 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Gemini Queue Operations & Completion Rates
Jorgensen, Inger; Puxley, Phil; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 58-60; In English;
See also 20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The execution of queue scheduling for observation programs using Gemini T Observatory has undergone some significant
changes recently. At the start of semester 20054, Gemini North switched to the operation of queue nights in ‘multi-instrument
queue’ mode. This means that nights are no longer assigned to just one instrument. Instead, a combination of instruments,
matched to the observing conditions, are used to execute programs in the queue. In June 2005, Gemini North began integrating
telescope and instrument engineering tasks into the queue, mixing science programs with critical engineering tasks. At Gemini
South the implementation of this approach was hampered by poor weather during semester 20054 but now Gemini South also
operates primarily in a multi-instrument queue mode.
Derived from text
Scheduling; Telescopes; Gemini Project
20060000065 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Gemini: The First Five Years
Roy, Jean-Rene; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 4-6; In English; See also
20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This is what Jim Dulop (university of Edinburgh, UK), Chair of the Science Committee (GSC), wrote in his report
following the October 2005 GSC meeting. His words reveal that five years after starting science observing at Gemini North,
and four years for Gemini South, the Gemini partnership has delivered twin optical and infrared telescope systems that are
at the forefront of astronomical his is what Jim Dunlop (University of Edinburgh, UK), Chair of the Gemini research. The
Gemini telescopes are now fully operational and producing science results in a competitive way as described in the article,
Gemini Publications:
Derived from text
Infrared Telescopes; Gemini Project
84

20060000069 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Gemini Focuses on New Kuiper Belt Worlds
Trujillo, Chad; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005; In English; See also 20060000060;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
his past year will be remembered as a landmark period in terms of outer solar T system discoveries. The three minor
planets with the greatest absolute magnitudes (and if albedo is assumed to be constant among minor planets, the largest
diameters) were found during this period. They are 2003 UB3i3, 2003 EL61, and 2005 FYg. Although their names (provisional
designations created by the Minor Planet Center) are somewhat forgettable, their physical properties are not. The largest of
the three, 2003 UB3I3, is the first object larger than Pluto discovered orbiting the Sun since Neptune s discovery in 1846. The
next largest object-2003 EL62-at two-thirds the diameter of Pluto, is no less interesting because it is actually a ternary system.
Its primary is the most rapid large rotator known in the solar system. It spins so fast that it is deformed into an oblate shape
called a triaxial ellipsoid. The third discovery, 2005 FYg, has a likely size somewhere between one-half to two-thirds the
diameter of Pluto. It is unique in its extreme methane ice absorption features. All of these bodies are in the Kuiper Belt, the
region of the solar system beyond Neptune, and are referred to as Kuiper Belt Objects (also often called trans-Neptunians, even
though not all of their orbits cross Neptune’s).
Derived from text
Solar System; Gemini Project; Gas Giant Planets; Kuiper Belt
20060001590 European Strategic Programme for Research and Development in Information, Brussels, Belgium
Aspects of Directional Filtering and Applications in Image Processing
Ikonomopoulos, A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 7.13.1-7.13.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper gives a brief overview of an approach to several problems of image processing based on directional filtering.
Definitions and possible implementation routes will be given. Direction filtering allows the extraction from an image of edge
structures within a limited interval of directions. It is shown that a powerful edge detection scheme based on one
implementation of this filtering may lead to very interesting solutions to various problems such as coding, restoration and
texture discrimination.
Author
Image Processing; Edge Detection
20060001601 Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
Measurement of Two-Dimensional Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
Kobatake, Hidefumi; Inoue, Yoshiaki; Namai, Tatsuor; Hamba, Nobuhiro; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 14.17.1 - 14.17.4; In English; See also 20060001583;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A software system for measurement of two-dimensional traffic flow using moving picture processing has been developed.
The proposed system is characterized by the functions classifying passing vehicles into one of three classes: motorcycle, small
and large-sized vehicles and detecting their two-dimensional trajectories on a roadway. Experiments to test the system
performance have been performed and all of passing vehicles were detected by the system and were classified correctly except
for only one large-sized vehicle.
Author
Two Dimensional Flow; Traffıc; Flow Measurement; Image Processing
20060001621 Nanjing Research Inst. of Electronics Technology, Nanjing, China
A Method of Acquiring 3-D Data of an Object from Stereo Images
Dong, Yu-Ning; He, Zhen-Ya; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.14.1-7.14.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A method of acquiring 3-D data of an object via binocular technique is presented in this paper. It attempts to improve the
accuracy of 3-D measurement of the passive technique and the main feature of this method are: 1) accurate (subpixel) location
of the noisy image edge segments by parameterization; 2) using generalized cones for 3-D measurement with an accuracy
beyond resolution limit of the digital measurement when using a passive binocular technique.
Author
Image Processing; Binoculars
85

20060001640 General Electric Co., Schenectady, NY, USA
A VLSI Implementation of the Partial Rank Algorithm for Adaptive Signal Processing
Yassa, Fathy; Kratver, Steven G.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 507-510; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a VLSI architecture for implementing the Partial-Rank Algorithm used in adaptive beam-forming. The
architecture depends on VLSI computational hardware for vector operations which are the main computations needed for the
algorithm. The systolic-like architecture presented is as flexible as the algorithm itself in the sense that higher order algorithms
can be implemented by adding identical hardware. The implementation is shown to be extendable from an LMS algorithm to
a full matrix algorithm.
Author
Architecture (Computers); Very Large Scale Integration; Algorithms
20060001652 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA, USA
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Weather Radar Reflectivity Images
Merritt, Mark W.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 14.15.1 - 14.15.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper illustrates the use of a primitive symbolic description of an image to obtain more robust identification of
amorphous objects than would be possible with more conventional edge or gradient-based segmentation techniques. An
algorithm is described which uses a simple multi-level thresholding operation to form a symbolic representation of weather
radar reflectivity images. This representation allows the use of detailed rules for the detection and quantification of the image
features. A method is described for using this information to identify significant intensity peaks in an image, and examples
of its performance are shown.
Author
Spatial Distribution; Reflectance; Radar Imagery
20060001653 Harbin Engineering Inst., Harbin, China
The Automatic Classification of the Welding Defects
Su-xian, Chen; Li, Xiao-song; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The theory of digital image processing and pattern recognition was used to slove the problem of identifying the welding
defects automatically in this paper. Author implemented restraining noise enhancing and two valuizing on the original welding
X-ray picture. Feature extraction and the design of the classifier was also implemented.
Author
Welding; Defects; Image Processing; Classifications
20060001671 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram Processor
Richards, Brian; Sherstinsky, Alex; Brodersen, Robert W.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.5.1 - 13.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources
A real-time video rate histogram processor has been designed, fabricated and tested. A pipelined architecture was chosen
to support 10 MHz sample rates. The architecture then implemented using high-level CAD tools to automate the design.
Finally, the fabricated processor was connected to a second chip which implements a programmable look-up table function,
to demonstrate real-time histogram equalization of 10 MHz video data.
Author
Parameterization; Very Large Scale Integration; Histograms; Central Processing Units
20060001714 Arkansas Univ., Fayetteville, AR, USA
A Concavity Based Algorithm for the Recognition of Partially Occluded 3-Dimensional Objects
Miller, B. K.; Jones, R. A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 7.15.1-7.15.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 84-0322; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new method for viewer independent recognition of occluded, complex 3-dimensional objects, independent of rotation,
86

translation and a practical range of scale factors, is presented. The basis of this technique is a set of points referred to as critical
points. These points are derived from a structure known as the concavity tree. The concavity tree is a unique representation
for planar shapes. It is shown that the set of critical points derived from the concavity tree, although not unique, will generally
retain enough shape information to distinguish one shape from another. The critical point set is a small subset of the set of
points which form the tree. The procedure requires several projections for any particular object; therefore several sets of
critical points are required for each object. Shapes are compared and identified on the basis of shape (feature) vectors formed
on the critical point sets.
Author
Concavity; Algorithms
20060001716 Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Yokahama, Japan
A Hierarchical Representation of Random Waveforms by Scale-Space Filtering
Sato, Makoto; Wada, Toshikazu; Kawarada, Hiroshi; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.17.1-7.17.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
Scale-space filtering is a multiresolution filtering, which is defined as the convolution of a random waveform f(x) with
the Gaussian kernel w(x,q). The set of filtered waveform f(x,q), called generalized waveform of f(x,q), is very useful for the
structural analysis of waveforms. In this paper, we introduce an analytic line, named structure line, on the surface of
generalized waveform f(x,q ). Structure line describes the relation of the convex and concave region of generalized waveform.
Structure line is defined by some derivatives of generalized waveform, and has the same topological structure as a trinary tree.
The properties of structure line are discussed and some examples are shown. It is confirmed that the structure line is effective
to represent waveforms hierarchy.
Author
Image Resolution; Waveforms
20060001731 Strathclyde Univ., Glasgow, UK
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials in Real-Time
Durrani, T. S.; Rauf, A.; Boyle, K.; Lotti, P.; Baronti, S.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 14.13.1 - 14.13.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources
A novel approach for real time inspection of composite materials is presented, which utilises image processing techniques
for the characterisation of flaws in composites. The technique is based on transient thermography coupled to the processing
of infrared images obtained by exciting the specimen by a thermal pulse. This paper discusses the image reconstruction theory
used for defect location, associated image processing techniques, the numerical models for solving the propagation of heat
through flawed composites as well as the experimental set-up for testing composites and generating thermal images.
Author
Thermal Mapping; Imaging Techniques; Nondestructive Tests; Composite Materials; Real Time Operation
20060001800 Judge Advocate General’s School, Charlottesville, VA USA
Where’s the Remote Control? It’s Time for Virtual Justice: A Proposal to Amend the Rules of Court-Martial to Allow
for Testimony by Video Teleconference
Harris, Patricia A.; Apr. 1, 2001; 100 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440267; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy
The Sixth Amendment Confrontation Clause has evolved and undergone significant change since its inception in early
Roman history.’ This evolution continues today as a result of technological advances in communications that have improved
our ability to electronically access remote witnesses that were traditionally beyond the court’s jurisdiction. Consequently,
courts today are in a position to enhance an accused’s opportunity to ‘confront’ witnesses against them in criminal trials.
DTIC
Remote Control; Video Conferencing; Video Signals
20060001843 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested Algorithm Development, Test Series VS2
Steinhurst, Daniel A.; Lynch, James A.; Gottuk, Daniel T.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.; Nelson, Herbert H.; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan
L.; Williams, Frederick W.; Jan. 12, 2005; 83 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440357; NRL/MR/6110--05-8856; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
87

The Advanced Volume Sensor Project is one element of the ONR Advanced Damage Countermeasures FNC program. The
Volume Sensor Project is developing new methods for remote situational awareness and damage control event detection using
conventional video cameras and other techniques. The Spectral-Based Volume Sensor (SBVS) Testbed uses a suite of
single-element optical detectors operating outside the visible region. Event detection algorithms were developed to make use
of the data generated by the SBVS Testbed. These algorithms detect flaming and smoldering sources both within and outside
the SBVS Testbed’s field of view (FOV). A positive nuisance classification algorithm was also developed for arc welding and
similar nuisance events, which detected all welding events with extremely few false alarms. The developed algorithms were
tested against data collected during the Volume Sensor Test Series 2, July to November 2003. Comparable performance to
COTS OFDs was achieved for FOV flaming sources, and superior performance was demonstrated for partially or completely
obscured flaming sources.
DTIC
Algorithms; Detection; Optical Measurement; Spectra
20060001866 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation of the Raid-M (Bruker Saxonia Analytik GmbH Rapid Alarm and
Identification Device - Monitor) Against Chemical Warfare Agents Summary Report
Baranoski, John M.; Longworth, Terri L.; Aug. 1, 2003; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440411; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection characteristics of the commercially available
RAID-M. This instrument is an ion mobility spectrometer designed for detection and monitoring of chemical warfare agents.
The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. This report provides the emergency
responders concerned with CW agent detection and verification an overview of the capabilities of the RAID-M.
DTIC
Chemical Warfare; Detection; Warning Systems
20060001873 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and Vapor Detector Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Aug. 1, 2001; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440421; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available SABRE 2000
Handheld Trace and Vapor Detector. This instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapors under various conditions.
This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection
capabilities of these instruments.
DTIC
Chemical Warfare; Vapors
20060001893
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization in Multipath Channels for Frequency Hopping Communications
Liu, Xiangqian; Oct. 30, 2005; 28 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-03-1-0228
Report No.(s): AD-A440468; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Frequency hopping (FH) is the prevailing spread spectrum method in military communications, largely due to its low
probability of detection and interception. In this project we developed a novel signal processing scheme for code-blind
reception of multiple frequency hopped transmissions over multipath channels. This technique is based on the principle of
dynamic programming and/or expectation-maximization, coupled with multidimensional harmonic and low-rank analysis. It
is able to jointly estimate hop timing, hop frequency, and direction-of-arrival (DOA) of multiple FH signals in the presence
of frequency collisions, without the knowledge of signal hop patterns. The method can also be used to obtain locate
information and operation characteristics of active FH jammers. The associated identifiability of 2-D and multidimensional
frequency estimation is also investigated.
DTIC
Frequency Hopping; Frequency Shift; Jammers; Multipath Transmission; Position (Location); Signal Detection
88

20060001925 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
Nano-Patterned Quantum Structures for Infrared Detection
Tsui, Daniel C.; Sep. 30, 2005; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F29601-02-C-0267; Proj-4846
Report No.(s): AD-A440596; AFRL-VS-PS-TR-2005-1192; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This is the final report of work accomplished under contract #F29601-02-C-0267 from the Air Force Research Laboratory
(Kirtland), which was a three-year research project with two focused objectives: To develop voltage tunable two-color
superlattice QWIPs and broadband QWIPs, and to fabricate quantum-dot QWIPs using nano-patterning and to investigate their
infrared detection characteristics arising from the three-dimensional confinement of electrons in the semiconductor device
structure. The project was funded from October 2002 to July 2004, approximately 2/3 of the originally agreed 3 years.
Consequently, part of the second objective was not reached. More specifically, the nano-patterned quantum-dot QWIPs were
fabricated, but their infrared detection characteristics were not investigated.
DTIC
Infrared Detectors; Nanostructures (Devices); Photometers
20060002490 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Sensor Placement for Grid Coverage Under Imprecise Detections
Dhillon, Santpal S.; Chakrabarty, Krishnendu; Iyengar, S. S.; Jan. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-01-1-0712; N66001-00-1-8946
Report No.(s): AD-A440417; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We present a resource-bounded optimization framework for sensor resource management under the constraints of
sufficient grid coverage of the sensor field. We offer a unique ‘minimalistic’ view of distributed sensor networks in which
sensors transmit/report a minimum amount of sensed data. The proposed theory is aimed at optimizing the number of sensors
and determining their placement to support such minimalistic sensor networks. We represent the sensor field as a grid (twoor
three-dimensional) of points. The optimization framework is inherently probabilistic due to the uncertainty associated with
sensor detections. The proposed algorithm addresses coverage optimization under constraints of imprecise detections and
terrain properties. The issue of preferential coverage of grid points (based on relative measures of security and tactical
importance) is also modeled. Experimental results for an example sensor field with obstacles demonstrate the application of
our approach.
DTIC
Algorithms; Detection
36
LASERS AND MASERS
Includes lasing theory, laser pumping techniques, maser amplifiers, laser materials, and the assessment of laser and maser outputs.
For cases where the application of the laser or maser is emphasized see also the specific category where the application is treated. For
related information see also 76 Solid-State Physics.
20060001782 Air Force Research Lab., Kirkland AFB, NM USA
Simulation of Flow Unsteadiness in Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser Devices
Madden, Timothy J.; Jul. 8, 2005; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-4866
Report No.(s): AD-A440193; AFRL-DE-PS-TR-2005-1120; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
3-dimensional Navier-Stokes simulations of chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) hardware are performed to elucidate
the unsteady fluid dynamic aspects of these flowfields. Reacting (COIL) and non-reacting flow simulations are performed on
varying resolution grids to explore the unsteadiness, and comparisons to experimental data are made.
DTIC
Chemical Lasers; Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Lasers; Simulation; Unsteady Flow
89

20060001813 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA
Diagnostic Testing and NIKE Experiments
Drake, R. P.; Harding, Eric C.; Aug. 1, 2005; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00173-04-1-G905
Report No.(s): AD-A440295; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Under this contract we have developed a Monte Carlo model of microchannel plate performance, made measurements for
comparison with the model, and identified potential strategies for improving the performance of microchannel plates in analog
imaging applications. This has prepared us to address the optimization of x-ray framing cameras for NRL applications and
long-term possibilities for improvements in performance. In addition, we participated in work at NIKE and gained experience
relevant to working in the NIKE environment.
DTIC
Gas Lasers; Laser Plasmas; Microchannel Plates
20060001823 Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a Micro Laser Plasma Thruster
Reilly, Michael P.; Miley, George H.; Hargus, William A., Jr; Jun. 1, 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2308
Report No.(s): AD-A440312; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Ion density measurements have been performed on the plasma generated by an ablative diode laser thruster using a
negatively biased flat plate probe. The biased probe data was coupled with measurement of the ablation crater through use of
a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM was used to analyze the post-pulse ablation spots to determine the volume
of fuel ablated. The micro-laser plasma thruster (micro-LPT) discussed here ablates a target material through the back surface
by focusing the laser through a transparent substrate in a process typically referred to as Transmissive mode (T-mode) ablation.
The target materials investigated were polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), while the substrates used
were cellulose acetate and Kapton(Tradename). Peak ion densities for a GAP (target)/acetate (substrate) were found to be
1.6x10(exp 7)/cu cm, while for GAP/kapton and PVC/acetate the peak ion densities were 4.5x10(exp 7)/cu cm and 7.9x10(exp
9)/cu cm respectively. Although these corresponded to low ionization fractions calculated from the observed mass loss, the
results indicate there are ways to improve the ionization fraction and in turn increase the specific impulse.
DTIC
Ablation; Ionization; Laser Applications; Laser Plasmas; Lasers; Plumes; Thermal Expansion
37
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Includes mechanical devices and equipment; machine elements and processes. For cases where the application of a device or the host
vehicle is emphasized see also the specific category where the application or vehicle is treated. For robotics see 63 Cybernetics,
Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics; and 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.
20060001254 Southern Taiwan Univ. of Technology, Tainan, Taiwan, Province of China
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous Vehicle Subject to Combined Wheel Slip Constraint
Peng, Shou-Tao; Sheu, Jer-Jia; Chang, Chau-Chin; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005,
pp. 935-948; In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC-93-2218-E-218-006; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a robust bounded control that prevents wheel skidding for an autonomous 4WS4WD vehicle under
uncertain tire/road conditions with aerodynamic drag. Constraints on combined wheel slip are incorporated, a priori, in design
to prevent skidding. A robust low-and-high gain technique is used to suppress the tracking error, and to enhance the utilization
of the limited wheel slip. Simulation shows that, under uncertain tirehoad conditions, with aerodynamic drag, the proposed
control scheme can effectively limit the combined wheel slip, and it achieves the goal of path tracking. Moreover, the control
inputs of wheel torque and wheel steering are coordinated well during vehicle cornering.
Author
Aerodynamic Drag; Autonomy; Skidding; Vehicle Wheels; Tires
90

20060002221 Idaho National Engineering Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA, Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA,
California Univ., Davis, CA, USA
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered Structures
Steffler, E. D.; McClintock, F. A.; Rashid, M. M.; Williamson, R. L.; Lloyd, Q. R.; Jan. 19, 2005; 38 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841394; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The DOE Office of Science-Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP) conducted a High Level Waste
Workshop on January 19 and 20, 2005 at the Savannah River Site’s SREL Conference Center. The workshop was organized
to facilitate the exchange of information between university and national laboratory scientists and contractor and DOE
personnel from Idaho, Hanford, and Savannah River sites responsible for the management of high level waste. Following
overviews of the Savannah River, Hanford and Idaho high level waste programs and science and technology needs, principal
investigators (PI) for 27 projects reviewed findings and progress on their research programs focused on key science and
technology components of high level waste management. The workshop provided an excellent venue for the PI and site
operations personnel to develop contacts and facilitate communications which will advance the science and technology
resulting from these projects in a manner that will better address the needs of the HLW operations at each of the sites.
NTIS
Crack Propagation; Ductility; Predictions
20060002342 ISRO Satellite Centre, Peenya, Bangalore, India
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
Rao, A. Anna; Senthil Kumar, S. D. R.; Nagabushanam, S.; Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume 15, No. 2; July 2005,
pp. 1-9; In English; See also 20060002338; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Sputtered MoS2 lubrication and well-proven ion plated lead lubrication are the basic techniques for applying dry
lubrication. Each process is selected based on the specific application, like definite lifetime, low torque noise and speed, Before
selecting the lubricant and its process, it is mandatory to look into the lifetime endurance history of the lubricant. Based on
individual experience, one can draw analogies for further decisions on the life assessment. We present the literature review
trends in of dry lubricants and their attainable endurance life and hypothetical estimates of sputtered MoS2 film lubrication
selected with other combinations for long life requirements of ball bearings for spacecraft scanner applications. Finally, we
describe the lifetime achieved with the combination of dry lubricants adapted at STL-ISAC which is 9x10(exp 8) cycles or
greater.
Author
Ball Bearings; Lubricants; Molybdenum Disulfides; Sputtering
20060002381 Marquette Univ., Milwaukee, WI, USA
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis
Zhao, Helen; Stango, Robert; 2004 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System Workshop, Volume 1; October 2005, pp. 209-222; In
English; See also 20060002371; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The micro-moment can give rise to a delayed filament displacement as the shaft undergoes transient excursion and moves
radially toward bristle pack ( uploading). However, as the shaft returns back to its concentric position ( downloading), the
filament CANNOT completely recover from its deformed position and remains locked in an alternate configuration.
Consequently, an annular gap is generated between the fiber tips and shaft surface, which promotes brush seal leakage and
reduces turbomachinery performance.In general, for a given brush seal, the annular gap increases linearly as the micro moment
m* is increased. The brush seal having a shallowest lay angle (15deg) results in the smallest annular gap, indicating that a
brush seal design with shallow lay angle is least prone to hysteresis phenomenon, and can lead to improved performance.
Derived from text
Brush Seals; Leakage; Shafts (Machine Elements); Turbomachinery; Friction; Deformation
20060002405 Department of Energy, Las Vegas, NV, USA
Dry Transfer Facility Criticality Safety Calculations
Sanders, C. E.; May 2005; 84 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841275; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This design calculation updates the previous criticality evaluation for the fuel handling, transfer, and staging operations
to be performed in the Dry Transfer Facility (DTF) including the remediation area. The purpose of the calculation is to
91

demonstrate that operations performed in the DTF and RF meet the nuclear criticality safety design criteria.
NTIS
Drying; Radioactive Wastes; Safety; Barrels (Containers); Functionals
20060002437 Department of Energy, Washington, DC USA
Electric Boosting System for Light Truck/SUV Application
Arnold, S.; Balis, C.; Barthelet, P.; Poix, E.; Jun. 22, 2005; 54 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841240; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Turbo diesel engine use in passenger cars in Europe has resulted in 30-50% improvement in fuel economy. Diesel engine
application is particularly suitable for U.S. because of vehicle size and duty cycle patterns. Adopting this technology for use
in the U.S. presents two issues--emissions and driveability. Emissions reduction technology is being well addressed with
advanced turbocharging, fuel injection and catalytic aftertreatment systems. One way to address driveability is to eliminate
turbo lag and increase low speed torque. Electrically assisted turbocharging concepts incorporated in e-TurboTM designs do
both. The purpose of this project is to design and develop an electrically assisted turbocharger, e-TurboTM, for diesel engine
use in the USA.
NTIS
AC Generators; Automobiles; Compressors; Diesel Engines; Trucks
39
STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
Includes structural element design, analysis and testing; dynamic responses of structures; weight analysis; fatigue and other structural
properties; and mechanical and thermal stresses in structures. For applications see 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; and
18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.
20060000014 University Transportation Center for Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
Development of a Transducer for Measuring Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge Girders
Richardson, J.; Triche, M.; Skelton, S.; Jun. 30, 2005; 30 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-101237; UTCA-03402; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This report describes the design and testing of a transducer for measuring tensile strains in reinforced concrete bridge
girders. This transducer was desired by the Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT) Bridge Rating and Load Test
Section for performing load tests on reinforced concrete highway bridges. ALDOT began its bridge testing program over 15
years ago and successfully removed load restrictions from nearly 100 steel girder bridges. The procedure used by ALDOT (and
other bridge testers, typically), is to measure the flexural strains in the bridge due to known truck loads. Flexural strains can
easily be measured in steel girders using electrical resistance strain gages. Such gages cannot accurately measure tensile strains
in reinforced concrete girders because of the presence of flexural micro-cracks. The purpose of this project was to develop a
transducer to measure tensile strains in reinforced concrete bridge girders. The transducer design was based on the experience
of ALDOT and the authors with earlier versions of the strain transducer. This report summarizes the literature on methods of
measuring bridge response during load tests, describes the transducer design process, and presents results from laboratory and
field testing of a prototype of the final transducer design.
NTIS
Concretes; Girders; Transducers; Bridges (Structures)
43
EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
Includes remote sensing of earth features, phenomena and resources by aircraft, balloon, rocket, and spacecraft; analysis of remote
sensing data and imagery; development of remote sensing products; photogrammetry; and aerial photography. For related
instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography.
20060001846 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
A Survey of Photon Mapping for Realistic Image Synthesis
Shumaker, Justin L.; Sep. 1, 2005; 26 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1L162618AH80
Report No.(s): AD-A440370; ARL-TR-3608; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
92

This report is an overview and discussion of the finer details not found in most of the photon mapping documents that
currently exist. While the vast majority of photon mapping media tends to market this global illumination algorithm as a
do-it-all turn-key solution, they fail to discuss the finer details and pitfalls that developers will encounter in the implementation
process. Finer details are also covered to not only explain what to expect during the implementation process, but also to
provide graphical examples that may serve as a beacon during the various milestones throughout the implementation process.
DTIC
Mapping; Photons; Surveys
20060002441 Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek, The Hague, Netherlands
Geographical databases based on satellite images: Macedonia case
vandenBroek, A. C.; Dekker, R. J.; Smith, A. J. E.; June 2005; 61 pp.; In Dutch; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): A02/KL/655; TNO Proj. 32978
Report No.(s): TD2004-0425; TNO-DV1 2004 A047; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The study is focused on geographical databases on basis of satellite imagery for the purpose of military terrain analysis.
As test area the Polog valley in Macedonia is chosen, where operation FOX took place in 2002. Satellite data used, are from
Landsat 7, Spot 5 and Quickbird. An analysis is made to show which information obtained from satellite imagery can meet
the requirements of a military geographical database. Various geographical products are obtained and described like helicopter
land zones, 3D views for situational awareness and updated road networks. High-resolution Quickbird data are the basis for
products, which give detailed information of a specific place. More tactical oriented information is obtained with radar
imagery by applying change detection techniques. The results of the study will be used for a demonstration of a terrain analysis
module.
CASI
Terrain Analysis; Satellite Imagery; Data Bases
44
ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
Includes specific energy conversion systems, e.g., fuel cells; and solar, geothermal, windpower, and waterwave conversion systems;
energy storage; and traditional power generators. For technologies related to nuclear energy production see 73 Nuclear Physics. For
related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; and 28 Propellants and Fuels.
20060001874 Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, CA USA
Failure Model for a Leaking Nickel-Hydrogen Cell
Zimmerman, A. H.; Aug. 30, 2005; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8802-04-C-0001
Report No.(s): AD-A440426; ATR-2005(8555)-6; SMC-TR-06-02; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
A model has been developed and used to analyze the loss of capacity and dry out of nickel-hydrogen cells as a result of
pressure vessel leaks. This analysis has allowed a number of conclusions to be drawn about the behavior of nickel-hydrogen
cells with leaks: Cells that are repeatedly cycled may not lose all capacity by leaking their hydrogen. There is a leak size
threshold at 1-2.5 um below which nickel-hydrogen cells will not dry out by gas. There is a leak size threshold at 0.1-0.2 um
below which it will be difficult to identify the rate of capacity loss as differing significantly from normal wear-related capacity
loss rates. Pre-existing leaks smaller than about 0.1 um cannot be detected by typical leak detection methods. Leak latency
can occur if pre-existing subthreshold leaks grow in size during the cell operation.
DTIC
Failure; Hydrogen; Leakage; Models
20060002036 Army Construction Engineering Research Lab., Champaign, IL USA
Energy Trends and Their Implications for U.S. Army Installations
Fournier, Donald F.; Westervelt, Eileen T.; Sep. 1, 2005; 86 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440265; ERDC/CERL-TR-05-21; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The primary issues affecting energy options are those of availability, affordability, sustainability, and security. Since
energy resources are unevenly distributed around the world, and the impacts of energy consumption have global reach in both
environmental and political terms, any meaningful review of energy-related issues must take a global perspective. This work
synopsizes world and national energy issues (including energy source options, resource stocks, and future prognosis) in the
93

context of how Army installations need to respond to changing trends. This report presents implications of actions that may
be taken in response to the national and world energy situation, to help the Army to make informed choices on energy
utilization that will contribute to sustaining the Army’s mission.
DTIC
Energy Consumption; Trends
20060002037 Army Communications-Electronics Command, Fort Belvoir, VA USA
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source
Cristiani, Jonathan; Sifer, Nicholas; Bolton, Christopher; Bostic, Elizabeth; Campbell, William; Cross, James; DuBois, Terry;
Fomin, Pavel; Patil, Ashok; Reckart, Darwin; Oct. 31, 2005; 17 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440442; APD-ES-05-10-001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Recent advances in fully integrated, portable fuel cell system development have highlighted the potential benefits they
might offer to military users in the near term. Soldier power (1 watt - 100 watts direct current) fuel cell applications have seen
significant attention of late due to challenges in ongoing operations to meet power demands for the Warfighter’s equipment.
This challenge has resulted in the use of secondary (rechargeable) batteries in the field, something that was only done in
training exercises prior to recent operations. Consequently, the logistics burden for dismounted Soldiers on missions longer
than 24 hours has become quite arduous. As such, the growing need for lightweight, rugged, and environmentally benign
soldier power systems has been targeted as an excellent entry market for portable fuel cell systems.
DTIC
Evaluation; Fuel Cells; Methyl Alcohol; Supplying; System Effectiveness
20060002196 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar Cells
AbusShama, J.; Noufi, R.; Johnston, S.; Ward, S.; Wu, X.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016461; NREL/CP-520-37411; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
In this paper, we present an update and review on the progress made in the development of low-bandgap CuInSe2 (CIS)
and wide-bandgap CuGaSe2 (CGS) solar cells. Our research project is a primarily concerned with the optimization of the
bottom and top cells of the tandem solar cell. This past year, we established new record total-area efficiencies of 15.0% and
10.2% for CIS and surface-modified CGS solar cells, respectively. These achievements were possible by modifying the growth
process for CIS and CGS absorbers. We attempt to modify the surface region of the CGS absorber to be CIGS-like in
composition. We also have designed a mechanical-stacked tandem solar cell where the 15% CIS cell serves as the bottom cell.
The NREL-confirmed total-area efficiency for this tandem device is 15.31%.
NTIS
Solar Cells; Copper Selenides; Indium Compounds; Energy Gaps (Solid State)
20060002197 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection in GalanNAs Solar Cells
Friedman, D. J.; Ptak, A. J.; Kurtz, S. R.; Geisz, J. F.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016462; NREL/CP-520-37418; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We provide qualitative insight into depletion-region collection in GaInNAs cells to (1) understand the effect of diffusion
length L on the QE; and (2) describe the magnitude of L required to get adequate current from the cell. We use Wolf’s
equations for the QE including a drift field E, and model E as being equal to the junction built-in voltage distributed uniformly
across the depletion region. This allows us to calculate the QE as a function of L and depletion width WD. We show that if
L is sufficiently small, increasing WD can actually decrease the QE. To determine how long L needs to be in a practical
GaInNAs junction, we calculate from the QE the short-circuit current density as a function of WD and L. This allows us to
estimate that L(sub ambipolar) needs to be greater than roughly 1 (micro)m in order to obtain enough photocurrent for the
4-junction application, giving guidance to the experimental effort to develop such cells.
NTIS
Depletion; Solar Cells; Electric Potential; Short Circuit Currents
20060002201 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Experiments Involving Correlations Between CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History and Intrinsic Device Stability
Albin, D.; McMahon, T.; Berniard, T.; Pankow, J.; Noufi, R.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016465; NREL/CP-520-37426; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
94

An orthogonal full-factorial design was used to study the effect of CdS and CdTe layer thickness, oxygen ambient during
vapor CdCl(sub 2) (VCC) and the use of nitric-phosphoric (NP) acid as a pre-contact etch on the initial and stressed
performance of CdS/CdTe small-area devices. The best initial device efficiency (using thinner CdS, thicker CdTe, no oxygen
during VCC, and NP etch) also showed poor stability. Increasing the CdS thickness significantly improved stability with only
a slight decrease in resulting initial performance. All devices used a thin margin of CdTe around the perimeter of the
backcontact that was shown to significantly reduce catastrophic degradation and improve overall test statistics. The latter
degradation is modeled by the formation of a weak-diode/low shunt resistance localized near the edge of finished devices. This
shunting is believed to occur through the CdS/CdTe interface, rather than along the device edge, and is exacerbated by thinner
CdS films.
NTIS
Cadmium Tellurides; Correlation; Fabrication; Solar Cells; Stability
20060002204 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan 6000
Sopori, B.; Amieva, J.; Butterfield, B.; Li, C.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016489; NREL/CP-520-37478; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
A new technique for rapid mapping of the thickness of an antireflection (AR) coating on a solar cell is described. A
filtered, reflectance (intensity) image of the AR-coated wafer is generated by a CCD camera mounted on a GTFabScan. This
image is converted into a thickness image using a transformation relating local AR thickness to the local intensity in the image
plane. The thickness map is generated in less than 100 ms.
NTIS
Antireflection Coatings; Coating; Solar Cells; Thickness
20060002206 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Direct Write Contacts for Solar Cells
Kaydanova, T.; van Hest, M. F. A. M.; Miedaner, A.; Curtis, C. J.; Alleman, J. L.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016490; NREL/CP-520-37524; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Ag, Cu, and Ni metallizations were inkjet-printed with near-vacuum deposition quality. The approach developed can be
easily extended to other conductors such as Pt, Pd, and Au. Thick, highly conducting lines of Ag and Cu demonstrating good
adhesion to glass, Si, and PCB have been printed at 100-200 deg C in air and N(sub 2), respectively. Ag grids were
inkjet-printed on Si solar cells and fired through the silicon nitride antireflective layer at 850 deg C resulting in 8%-efficient
cells. Next-generation multicomponent inks (including etching agents) have also been developed with improved fire-through
contacts leading to higher cell efficiencies. PEDOT-PSS polymer-based conductors were inkjet-printed with conductivity as
good or better than that of spin-coated films.
NTIS
Printing; Solar Cells
20060002208 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation and Heterojunction Solar Cells
Wang, Q.; Page, M.; Yan, Y.; Wang, T.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016491; NREL/CP-520-37439; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We use a high-throughput (combinatorial) hot-wire chemical vapor deposition system to passivate the crystal silicon
surface and to grow heterojunction silicon solar cells. We study the effectiveness of crystal surface treatments by atomic H
or/and NH(sub x) radicals, followed by the growth of thin hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a Si:H) films. Treatment and layer
properties such as times, thicknesses, and gas mixtures can be continuously graded, creating a two-dimensional sample with
each variable varying in one direction. This results in high-throughput optimization of the processes. Effective carrier lifetime
is measured by photoconductive decay to evaluate the effectiveness of the surface passivation by surface treatments. The
effective carrier lifetime increases from about 5 (micro)s without passivation to about 24 (micro)s with an optimized surface
treatment and thickness a-Si:H on single-sided c-Si. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that a-Si:H, a mixed phase, or
epitaxial growth of thin-film Si depending on the surface treatment. Improvement in effective carrier lifetime correlates with
an immediate a-Si:H growth on c-Si, rather than a mixed phase and epitaxial Si growth. We have obtained an efficiency of
95

13.4% on a non-textured single-sided heterojunction solar cell on p-type CZ-Si processed with optimized surface treatment.
NTIS
Crystal Surfaces; Crystals; Heterojunction Devices; Passivity; Silicon; Solar Cells; Vapor Deposition
20060002209 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
Ahrenkiel, R. K.; Metzger, W.; Page, M.; Reedy, R.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016492; NREL/CP-520-37438; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
Measurement of recombination and minority-carrier lifetimes has become a central activity in photovoltaic technology.
The primary measurement techniques for silicon technologies are based on photoconductive decay (PCD) and microwave
reflectance (mPCD). The measurement of the correct recombination lifetime depends on the carriers being confined to a given
spatial region of a diagnostic structure. The internal electric fields separate the charges, and the measured value does not
represent the real minority-carrier lifetime. In these cases, the measured quantity is a function of the true lifetime and the
sample structure. Here, we examine these effects, both experimentally and theoretically, for the n(sup +)-p device structure
common to terrestrial photovoltaics.
NTIS
Dark Current; P-N Junctions; Silicon; Silicon Junctions
20060002210 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon Nitride Processing for Fire-Through
Metallization
Sopori, B.; Reedy, R.; Jones, K.; Al-Jassim, M.; Aug. 2004; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016499; NREL/CP-520-37477; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
A mechanism for the transport of H into a Si solar cell during plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of
a hydrogenated silicon nitride (SiN:H) layer and its subsequent fire-through metallization process is described. The PECVD
process generates process-induced traps, which ‘’store’’ H at the surface of the solar cell. This stored H is released and diffuses
rapidly into the bulk of Si during the high-temperature metallization-firing process. During the ramp-down, the diffused H
associates with impurities and defects and passivates them. The firing step partially heals up the surface damage. The proposed
model explains a variety of observations and experimental results.
NTIS
Fires; Hydrogen; Metallizing; Silicon Nitrides; Solar Cells
20060002211 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Wang, T. H.; Iwaniczko, E.; Page, M. R.; Levi, D. H.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016495; NREL/CP-37457; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This paper reviews the current commercial status of CuInSe2 alloys (collectively, CIS) and CdTe-based photovoltaic (PV)
modules, comparing the performance of commercial products with the results achieved for solar cell and prototype module
champions. We provide an update for these PV cell and module technologies, and also compare CIS and CdTe performance
levels to the results achieved by the crystalline Si PV industry. This comparison shows that CIS and CdTe module technology
presently offers the best (and perhaps only) approach for significantly exceeding the cost/performance levels established by
crystalline Si PV technologies. A semi-empirical methodology is used for comparing ‘’champion’’ solar cell and prototype
module data with performance achieved on manufacturing lines. Using a conservative assumption that thin-film technologies
will eliminate the 40% of PV module costs arising from the Si wafer or ribbon, we estimate the future performance of all
established PV module candidates, and conclude that, based on 2004 knowledge about each PV technology, CIS and CdTe
should provide cost-competitive advantages over crystalline Si.
NTIS
Heterojunction Devices; Heterojunctions; Silicon; Solar Cells
20060002212 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
Ptak, A. J.; Friedman, D. J.; Kurtz, S.; Kiehl, J.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016500; NREL/CP-520-37479; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
96

GaInNAs, potentially useful in a 4-junction GaInP(sub 2)/GaAs/GaInNAs/Ge solar cell, suffers from very low
minority-carrier collection lengths. To date, the currents available from GaInNAs solar cells are not high enough to increase
the efficiency of a 3-junction device by adding this fourth junction. Here, we grow p-i-n GaInNAs solar cells by
molecular-beam epitaxy with wide, intrinsic base layers and internal quantum efficiencies near 1.0. If similar 1.0-eV GaInNAs
junctions can be successfully integrated into the 3-junction structure, the resulting 4-junction cell would have a higher
efficiency.
NTIS
Depletion; Molecular Beam Epitaxy; Solar Cells
20060002226 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Performance Parameters for Grid-Connected PV Systems
Marion, B.; Adelstein, J.; Boyle, K.; Hayden, H.; Hammond, B.; Feb. 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016389; NREL/CP-520-37358; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The use of appropriate performance parameters facilitates the comparison of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems
that may differ with respect to design, technology, or geographic location. Four performance parameters that define the overall
system performance with respect to the energy production, solar resource, and overall effect of system losses are the following:
final PV system yield, reference yield, performance ratio, and PVUSA rating. These performance parameters are discussed for
their suitability in providing desired information for PV system design and performance evaluation and are demonstrated for
a variety of technologies, designs, and geographic locations. Also discussed are methodologies for determining system a.c.
power ratings in the design phase using multipliers developed from measured performance parameters.
NTIS
Photovoltaic Effect; Solar Energy
20060002355 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications for Cell Stability and Encapsulation
of Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
McMahon, T. J.; Berniard, T. J.; Albin, D. S.; Demtsu, S. H.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016455; NREL/CP-520-37380; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We have isolated a non-linear, metastable, shunt-path failure mechanism located at the CdS/CdTe cell edge. In such cases,
most performance loss, usually erratic, can be associated with the shunt path. We studied these shunt paths using dark
current-transients and infrared (ir) imaging and find only one shunt path per cell and only at the cell corner wall, even in badly
degraded cells. The effect on diminishing the cell’s efficiency far exceeds what would be expected from the cell’s linear
shunt-resistance value. We propose that current transients and ir imaging be used as a ‘’fingerprint’’ of the source and
magnitude of excess currents to evaluate the contribution of scribe-line edges and cell ends in thin-film module performance
and degradation due to environmental stress. Protection afforded by, or contamination due to, new or currently used
encapsulants can then be evaluated.
NTIS
Cadmium Tellurides; Encapsulating; Modules; Solar Cells; Stability; Thin Films
20060002356 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants for Photovoltaic Solar Cells
Pern, F. J.; Touryan, K.; Panosyan, Z.; Gippius, A. A.; Kontsevoy, J. A.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016452; NREL-CP-520-37374; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
High-quality single-layer and bilayer diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films are fabricated by two technologies, namely,
ion-assisted plasma-enhanced deposition (IAPED) and electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) deposition. Deposition on various
substrates, such as sapphires and solar cells, has been performed at low substrate temperatures (50 (approx) 80 C). The two
deposition technologies allow good control over the growth conditions to produce DLC films with desired optical properties,
thickness, and energy bandgap. The bilayer-structured DLC can be fabricated by using IAPED for the bottom layer followed
by ECR for the top layer, or just by IAPED for both layers with different compositions. The DLC films have shown good
spatial uniformity, density, microhardness, and adhesion strength. They exhibit excellent stability against attack by strong
acids, prolonged damp-heat exposure at 85 C and 85% relative humidity, mechanical scratch, ultrasonication, and irradiation
by ultraviolet (UV), protons, and electrons. When deposited on crystalline Si and GaAs solar cells in single-layer and/or
97

ilayer structure, the DLC films not only serve as antireflection coating and protective encapsulant, but also improve the cell
efficiencies.
NTIS
Carbon; Diamonds; Encapsulating; Photovoltaic Cells; Solar Cells
20060002357 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Properties of High-Efficiency CIGS Thin-Film Solar Cells
Ramanathna, K.; Keane, J.; Noufi, R.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016459; NREL/CP-520-37404; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We present experimental results in three areas. Solar cells with an efficiency of 19% have been fabricated with an absorber
bandgap in the range of 1.1-1.2 eV. Properties of solar cells fabricated with and without an undoped ZnO layer were compared.
The data show that high efficiency cells can be fabricated without using the high-resistivity or undoped ZnO layer. Properties
of CIGS solar cells were fabricated from thin absorbers (1 (micro)m) deposited by the three-stage process and simultaneous
co-deposition of all the elements. In both cases, solar cells with efficiencies of 16%-17% are obtained.
NTIS
Solar Cells; Thin Films
20060002358 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness Varied
McMahon, W. E.; Emergy, K. E.; Friedman, D. J.; Ottoson, L.; Young, M. S.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016451; NREL/CP-520-37376; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
This study compares the on-sun performance of a set of GaInP2/GaAs tandem cells with different GaInP2 top-cell
thicknesses. Because high-efficiency III-V cells are best suited to concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) applications, the cells
were mounted on a two-axis tracker with the incident sunlight collimated to exclude all except the direct beam.
Current-voltage (I-V) curves were taken throughout the course of several days, along with measurements of the direct solar
spectrum. Our two major conclusions are: (1) GaInP2/GaAs tandem cells designed for an ‘air mass 1.5 global’ (AM 1.5G)
or a ‘low aerosol optical depth’ (Low AOD) spectrum perform the best, and (2) cells can be characterized indoors and modeled
using outdoor spectra to predict the correct result. These results are equally valid for GaInP2/GaAs/Ge triple-junction cells.
NTIS
Evaluation; Gallium Arsenides; Performance Tests; Solar Cells; Sun; Thickness
20060002369 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Norton, P.; Hancock, E.; Barker, G.; Reeves, P.; May 2005; 64 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016267; NREL/TP-550-37731; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
This report details the monitored and modeled performance of a solar home outside of Washington, D.C. We modeled the
home energy performance using DOE2.2, performed numerous short-terms tests on the home and monitored its occupied
performance for 29 months. The home uses modular construction, solar water heating, a ground-coupled heat pump, efficient
appliances and compact fluorescent lighting to reduce its energy consumption by 35% compared to the Building America
research benchmark home. The addition of 6kW of photovoltaics increases the savings to 67% compared to the Building
America research benchmark. A more efficient shell to reduce space conditioning loads would have brought the home closer
to its zero energy goals. However, even with efficient lighting and appliances, the lights, appliance and plug loads are a
significant energy consumer. About 4 kW of PV are required to meet the needs of these loads alone. To achieve the zero energy
goal with no further efficiency increases, the Hathaway house would need about 2.6 kW of PV in addition to the 6.0 kW it
now has.
NTIS
Energy Conservation; Evaluation; Performance Tests; Renewable Energy; Solar Houses
20060002391 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current Degradation Study: Initial Results
Osterwald, C. R.; Pruett, J.; Moriarty, T.; Feb. 2005; 1 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016390; NREL-CP-520-37357; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
98

Following our observation of slow degradation of short-circuit current (Isc) in crystalline silicon (x-Si) modules that was
correlated with ultraviolet (UV) exposure dose, we initiated a new study of individual x-Si cells designed to determine the
degradation cause. In this paper, we report the initial results of this study, which has accumulated 1056 MJ/m2 of UV dose
from 1-sun metal-halide irradiance, equivalent to 3.8 years at our test site. At this time, the control samples are unchanged,
the unencapsulated samples have lost about 2% of Isc, and the samples encapsulated in module-style packages have declined
from 1% to 3%, depending on the cell technology.
NTIS
Crystallinity; Degradation; Exposure; Modules; Photovoltaic Conversion; Short Circuit Currents; Silicon
20060002399 Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH USA
A Micro Hydrogen Air Fuel Cell
Savinell, Robert F.; Wainright, Jesse S.; Oct. 1, 2005; 119 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-97-2-0311; DARPA ORDER-J346; Proj-E117
Report No.(s): AD-A440192; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2005-351; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The object of this project is to produce a microfabricated hydrogen-air fuel cell by combining microfabrication
techniques, polymer electrolyte fuel cell technology, and metal hydride fuel storage. The result will be a device capable of
providing on-board electrical power for microelectronic circuits, sensors, and actuators with energy storage and power
delivery capabilities considerably greater than that of thin-film batteries. Integrated packages of fuel cells (up to three cells
in series) and fuel storage/hydrogen generation have been successfully fabricated and tested. Each of the major milestones has
been achieved and the fabrication yields and device performance have been improved. We have also been looking for insertion
opportunities and partners with which to develop this technology. Recently, we have signed an agreement of collaboration with
The Ash lawn Group, LLC, of Alexandria, VA to develop this technology to provide power for ‘smart’ munitions.
DTIC
Hydrogen Oxygen Fuel Cells; Microelectronics
20060002440 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization, and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells
Norman, A. G.; Hanna, M. C.; Dippo, P.; Levi, D. H.; Feb. 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016460; NRLE-C/-520-37405; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
We report on the growth and characterization of InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) superlattices for application in
intermediate-band solar cells (IBSCs). Good optical and structural quality QD superlattices with up to 50 periods were
obtained by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) growth on (l brace)113(r brace)B GaAs substrates. Solar cells
containing Si (partial derivative)-doped and undoped QD superlattice absorption regions have been fabricated and their
performance compared with control cells containing undoped GaAs or undoped InGaAs/GaAs superlattice absorption regions.
The QD superlattice cells exhibited photoresponses extended to longer wavelengths than the control cells. The introduction
of QDs to the absorbing region of the solar cells resulted in a decrease in the open-circuit voltages and, in some cases, a
decrease in the short-circuit currents of the cells.
NTIS
Characterization; Gallium Arsenides; Indium Gallium Arsenides; Solar Cells; Superlattices
20060002453 NVE Corp., Eden Prairie, MN USA
Compact, Lightweight, Smart Battery Charger
Beech, Russell S.; Oct. 26, 2005; 55 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W15P7T-04-C-K604
Report No.(s): AD-A440548; CECOM/RDEC-0003AB; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy
A rugged, level-3 smart battery charger was developed and delivered to the Army. This compact, lightweight charger
weighs 22.5 ounces and has a volume of 55 cubic inches. The charger accepts either a universal AC input or a 19-28 VDC
input and charges at up to 18 V and 5 A. A daisy-chain capability is included, allowing up to 10 units to be connected to a
single power outlet. The operating temperature range is -20 deg C to +55 deg C. Test units passed specified environmental
tests including: altitude, humidity, thermal shock, vibration, loose cargo, and drop. Status and error indicators provide visual
99

operating information, and a black-out feature provides on-off control of the indicators.
DTIC
Battery Chargers; Smart Materials
45
ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
Includes atmospheric, water, soil, noise, and thermal pollution.
20060002050 Southern Research Inst., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, New York State Energy Research and
Development Authority, New York, NY, USA
Environmental Technology Verification Report: Aisin Seiki 6.0 kW Natural Gas-Fired Engine Cogeneration Unit
Sep. 2005; 50 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-102166; SRI/USEPA-GHG-VR-37; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has created the Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) program
to facilitate the deployment of innovative or improved environmental technologies through performance verification and
dissemination of information. The goal of the ETV program is to further environmental protection by accelerating the
acceptance and use of improved and cost-effective technologies. ETV seeks to achieve this goal by providing high-quality,
peer-reviewed data on technology performance to those involved in the purchase, design, distribution, financing, permitting,
and use of environmental technologies. This document discusses a gas-fired combustion engine combined with a heat recovery
system.
NTIS
Cogeneration; Environment Protection; Internal Combustion Engines; Natural Gas
20060002223 Hampton Univ., VA, USA
Development of a Novel Catalyst for No Decomposition
Akyurthu, A.; Jun. 27, 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841398; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Air pollution arising from the emission of nitrogen oxides as a result of combustion taking place in boilers, furnaces and
engines, has increasingly been recognized as a problem. New methods to remove NO(sub x) emissions significantly and
economically must be developed. The current technology for post-combustion removal of NO is the selective catalytic
reduction (SCR) of NO by ammonia or possibly by a hydrocarbon such as methane. The catalytic decomposition of NO to
give N(sub 2) will be preferable to the SCR process because it will eliminate the costs and operating problems associated with
the use of an external reducing species. The most promising decomposition catalysts are transition metal (especially
copper)-exchanged zeolites, perovskites, and noble metals supported on metal oxides such as alumina, silica, and ceria. The
main shortcoming of the noble metal reducible oxide (NMRO) catalysts is that they are prone to deactivation by oxygen. It
has been reported that catalysts containing tin oxide show oxygen adsorption behavior that may involve hydroxyl groups
attached to the tin oxide. This is different than that observed with other noble metal-metal oxide combinations, which have
the oxygen adsorbing on the noble metal and subsequently spilling over to the metal oxide. This observation leads one to
believe that the Pt/SnO2 catalysts may have a potential as NO decomposition catalysts in the presence of oxygen. This
prediction is also supported by some preliminary data obtained for NO decomposition on a Pt/SnO2 catalyst in the PI’s
laboratory. The main objective of the proposed research is the evaluation of the Pt/SnO(sub 2) catalysts for the decomposition
of NO in simulated power plant stack gases with particular attention to the resistance to deactivation by O2, CO2, and elevated
temperatures. Therefore, it is proposed to perform temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and temperature programmed
reaction (TPRx) studies on Pt/SnO2 catalysts having different noble metal concentrations and pretreated under different
conditions. It is also proposed to perform NO decomposition tests in a laboratory-size packed-bed reactor to obtain long-term
deactivation data. In the previous reporting period the GC-MS system was calibrated and the TPD runs for the 15% Pt/SnO2
catalyst after treatment with NO and subsequent treatments with NO and O2 were done. For these runs the catalyst was
pretreated with dry helium for 2 hours at 40 C. The Temperature Programmed Reaction (TPRx) of NO and NO+O2 mixtures
on the catalysts containing 15% Pt and 10% Pt were also performed. In this reporting period some TPRx runs with the catalysts
containing 15% and 10% Pt were repeated due to the uncertainty of the oxygen content of the feed.
NTIS
Catalysts; Decomposition; Nitrogen Oxides
100

20060002362 Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated Population Exposure to Nitrogen
Dioxide as Indicator
Forsberg, B.; Sjoberg, K.; Aug. 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-101938; B-1648; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Although the outdoor air quality situation in Sweden has improved dramatically during the last decades health impact of
exposure to ambient air pollution is still an important issue. Ambient air includes many different components, e.g. particles,
ozone, and nitrogen dioxide, which may contribute to a variety of health effects. In many areas the air pollution levels of
specific compounds still exceed the health related air quality guidelines and health effects of exposure to air pollutants, even
at moderate levels, have been shown in many studies during recent years. Consequently, there is an increasing need of tools
to estimate the magnitude of the health effects in order to evaluate the number of people exposed to harmful pollution levels
and hence to improve the basis for decisions on air pollution control strategies. Based on a quantification of the general
population exposure to nitrogen dioxide (as a yearly mean) in Sweden and exposure-response functions for health effects the
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine at Umea University and the Swedish Environmental Research Institute
(IVL) have calculated effects on mortality of local air pollutants, using the nitrogen dioxide concentration levels as an
indicator.
NTIS
Air Pollution; Estimating; Exposure; Nitrogen Dioxide; Populations; Sweden
20060002429 Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA
Development of Superior Sorbents for Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for July 1, 2003 through June 30, 2004
Smirniotis, P. G.; January 2005; 34 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841008; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
For this part of the project the studies focused on the development of novel sorbents for reducing the carbon dioxide
emissions at high temperatures. Our studies focused on cesium doped CaO sorbents with respect to other major flue gas
compounds in a wide temperature range. The thermo-gravimetric analysis of sorbents with loadings of CaO doped on 20 wt%
cesium demonstrated high CO(sub 2) sorption uptakes (up to 66 wt% CO(sub 2)/sorbent). It is remarkable to note that zero
adsorption affinity for N(sub 2), O(sub 2), H(sub 2)O and NO at temperatures as high as 600 degrees C was observed. For
water vapor and nitrogen oxide we observed a positive effect for CO(sub 2) adsorption. In the presence of steam, the CO(sub
2) adsorption increased to the highest adsorption capacity of 77 wt% CO(sub 2)/sorbent. In the presence of nitrogen oxide,
the final CO(sub 2) uptake remained same, but the rate of adsorption was higher at the initial stages (10%) than the case where
no nitrogen oxide was fed.
NTIS
Air Pollution; Carbon Dioxide; Coal; Combustion; Flue Gases; Gas Temperature; Pollution Control; Sorbents
20060002439 Department of Energy, Las Vegas, NV, USA
Canister Handling Facility Criticality Safety Calculations
Sanders, C. E.; Apr. 2005; 70 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841273; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This design calculation revises and updates the previous criticality evaluation for the canister handling, transfer and
staging operations to be performed in the Canister Handling Facility (CHF) documented in BSC (Bechtel SAIC Company)
2004 (DIRS 167614). The purpose of the calculation is to demonstrate that the handling operations of canisters performed in
the CHF meet the nuclear criticality safety design criteria.
NTIS
Cans; Radioactive Wastes; Safety
101

46
GEOPHYSICS
Includes Earth structure and dynamics, aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; ionospheric and magnetospheric physics; and
geomagnetism. For related information see 47 Meteorology and Climatology; and 93 Space Radiation.
20060001775 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel Chemistry
Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.; Aug. 1, 2005; 32 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2303
Report No.(s): AD-A440177; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
No abstract available
Atmospheric Chemistry; Exhaust Gases; Fuels; Plumes; Rocket Exhaust; Space Shuttles
20060001897 Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, NY USA
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation of Seismic Events
Kim, Won-Young; Richards, Paul G.; Schaff, David P.; Waldhauser, Felix; Zhang, Jian; Sep. 28, 2005; 11 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-03-C-0129; Proj-1010
Report No.(s): AD-A440480; AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2005-1146; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) at Columbia University is evaluating a method of locating seismic sources
(earthquakes, explosions) based on the use of waveform cross-correlation (WCC) measurements instead of using the
conventional measurements of seismic wave arrival time (phase picks). WCC measurements have been demonstrated to be 10
to 100 times more accurate, where they can be used. The principal issue we are exploring is the extent to which a significant
fraction of seismicity can be located using WCC measurements. In this second year of the project we have focused on studies
of intraplate seismicity in New Madrid (Central USA) and Charlevoix (Eastern Canada) . We have also compared our results
for these regions, with the results for a separately-funded project to study the seismicity of Northern California.
DTIC
Cross Correlation; Measurement; Relocation; Seismic Waves; Seismology
20060001904 Geophysical Inst. of Israel, Holon, Israel
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning into Various Regional Phases From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region
Gitterman, Yefim; Pinsky, Vladimir; Mar. 13, 2005; 54 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-03-C-0124; Proj-5101
Report No.(s): AD-A440508; GII-542/123/05(2); AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2005-1053; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical
Information Center (DTIC)
An event database was created to study empirical features of seismic energy generation from explosions, and how this
energy is partitioned between P and S waves. The explosions selected present a broad variety of design features and geological
settings. A number of experimental single-fired explosions were conducted and numerous observations were acquired from the
near-source zone to near-regional distances by stations in Israel and Jordan. From regional observations of the Sayarim
charge-weight series, significant seismic strength was achieved in spite of a dry alluvium media, commonly considered as
low-coupling material, and shallow burial depth. Existing software was modified and new programs were developed. As a case
study analysis the computer procedures were applied to the Sayarim shots. Results show dependencies of S/P maximum
amplitude and energy ratios on distance and yield. Source scaling estimations show similar yield scaling parameters
(0.87-0.93) for different phases, in close agreement with the constants for explosions in Nevada and Wyoming. Application
of the spectral ratio technique to data collected for some explosions provided estimates of the corner frequency-charge relation
and the equivalent yield of a partially detonated explosion. The analysis will be continued for other events from the dataset
selected and new planned experimental shots to validate the results obtained.
DTIC
Data Bases; Explosions; Middle East; Seismic Energy; Seismic Waves
102

47
METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
Includes weather observation forecasting and modification.
20060000020 National Defence Research Establishment, Umea, Sweden
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C Incidents in a Winter Climate
Differences Compared to Summer Conditions)
Claesson, O.; Karlsson, E.; Nystroem, B.; Persson, L.; Thorpsten, J.; Mar. 2005; 60 pp.; In Swedish
Report No.(s): PB2006-100616; FOI-R-1554-SE; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy
The impact of winter conditions (snow and low temperature) on dispersion processes, inhalation risks and contamination
risks for chemical warfare agents and to some extent toxic industrial chemical have been investigated through a literature
study. The lack of knowledge is huge, but available results from field trials and improved computational models show that:
both persistent times and risk distances are increased during winter conditions; snow gives increased contact risks and
contamination, especially on footwear; and the concentration in the secondary cloud is generally lower during winter.
NTIS
Climate; Summer; Winter; Toxicity
20060001832 Army Research Lab., White Sands Missile Range, NM USA
Model Evaluation Tool
Kirby, Stephen F.; Nov. 1, 2004; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440340; ARL-TR-3373; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
A Web-based Model Evaluation Tool (MET) has been developed that allows a user to gather initialization data, and run
and statistically analyze output from these mesoscale models: Mesoscale Model Version 5 (MM5) and the Weather Research
and Forecasting model. The models may be run as single entities or as an ensemble. An example of an ensemble would be
a multi-analysis ensemble: running MM5 using the Aviation, Eta, Medium-Range Forecasting (MRF), and Naval Operational
Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) models for large-scale initialization. If an ensemble is run, weights may
be assigned to each ensemble member parameter based on the Newbold-Granger scheme. In addition, the user is able to
assimilate other data types into the model runs, such as radiosonde observations and surface meteorological data in the form
of Meteorological Aerodrome Reports (METAR). Also discussed is an initial effort to add a mobile capability for MET,
allowing access through a cell phone.
DTIC
Atmospheric Models; Computerized Simulation; Evaluation; Forecasting; Internets; Software Development Tools; System
Effectiveness
20060001915 Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS USA
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-Communication and Base Camps in Temperate Climates
Rushing, John F.; Moore, Vernon M.; Tingle, Jeb S.; Mason, Quint; McCaffrey, Tim; Oct. 1, 2005; 110 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440551; ERDC/GSL-TR-05-23; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The U.S. Army Engineer Research and development Center was tasked by the U. S. Marine Corps Systems Command
to develop dust control systems for sustainment use on roads and other large-area applications in temperate climates as part
of a comprehensive dust abatement program. The project consisted of evaluating various dust palliatives and application
procedures during field tests. The products of this effort include equipment recommendations, palliative recommendations, and
complete application guidance. This report addresses testing performed to evaluate commercial palliatives and application
processes for constructing and maintaining lines-of-communication. Twenty-five test sections were constructed at Fort
Leonard Wood, MO, using commercial palliatives for dust abatement. Several application procedures were evaluated in the
process, including topical applications and admixture applications with alternate application rates. Each test section was
evaluated at 0, 30, 80, and 220 days after construction. The evaluation consisted of dust particle collection and soil property
measurements. Pertinent conclusions from the testing conducted are noted, and recommendations for selecting dust abatement
methods and materials are provided.
DTIC
Climate; Dust; Dust Collectors
103

20060002033 National War Coll., Washington, DC USA
Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief: Are the National/International Coordinating Agencies Capable of
Fulfilling the Mission?
Svitak, George M.; Jan. 1, 1994; 13 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440519; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The focus of this paper, an examination of the range of possibilities and training considerations necessary for successful
participation by the U.S. military in noncombat roles, will underscore its role in Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief
Operations. The inclusion of activities and events by the members of the Second Brigade of the 82nd Airborne Division and
other elements of the XVIIIth Airborne Corps will serve to illustrate events that are relevant to the examination of noncombat
roles for the U.S. military during its participation in JTF Andrew operations. The author’s personal observations are based on
his own involvement in these operations in two distinct roles: he acted as the Brigade Task Force S-5, initially responsible for
civil-military interface with state and local governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) operating within South
Dade County. As more units were deployed to the AOR, he also served as commander of a Battalion Task Force Relief Area
(an area encompassing over 20 square miles and inhabited by over 28,000 people). He also intends to present operational
planning considerations and organizational problems that were experienced by the Brigade Task Force in its interface with the
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), various levels of state and local governments, and JTF Headquarters.
Additionally, he will provide comments relevant to the Brigade Task Force’s interaction with NGOs and Private Volunteer
Organizations (PVOs) with which it had to work with and support to successfully accomplish its role in the relief effort.
DTIC
Disasters; Hurricanes; Warfare
20060002311 Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, MD, USA
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results and Flight Test Plans
Sleight, Randall T.; Buhrman, C. Wayne; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 21 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) has performed systems engineering and
architecture definition to support data transfer of on-board aircraft weather sensor data and dissemination of weather
information to aircraft in collaboration with the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) for the NASA WINCOMM program.
The Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) system is designed to collect meteorological data
onboard aircraft in flight and broadcast the data to ground systems and airborne users in order to improve the data used in
forecasting models and to provide real-time hazard alerts. The TAMDAR system is being targeted for deployment on General
Aviation (GA) aircraft, which will augment current meteorological observations, especially at lower altitudes and during
off-peak times. This work has identified the changes necessary to avionics and ground infrastructure equipment operating on
the Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) datalink to support this data transfer and dissemination. This paper details the types
of tests executed to demonstrate air-air, air-ground and ground-air data transfer along with the results obtained. Additionally,
the testing performed to verify backward compatibility with existing avionics and ground infrastructure equipment will be
presented. Further, information regarding the tests to be conducted during the flight test activities will also be provided.
Author
Information Dissemination; Meteorological Parameters; Meteorological Services; Troposphere; Data Systems; Architecture
(Computers)
20060002366 Forest Service, Asheville, NC USA
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National Technical Report
Coulston, J. W.; Ambrose, M. J.; Riitters, K. H.; Conkling, B. L.; Aug. 2005; 122 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-102564; FSGTR-SRS-84; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) Programs annual national technical report presents results of forest health analyses
from a national perspective using data from a variety of sources. This annual report focuses on Criterion 3 Maintenance of
Forest Ecosystem Health and Vitality from the Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forestry of the Santiago Declaration as
the reporting framework. The report is composed of five main data sections and two appendices. The Introduction provides
background information about FHM, details about the conceptual approach to the report, and details about data used in the
analyses. The next three sections each focus on a specific indicator from Criterion 3. The first indicator section contains
analyses of abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic disturbances including drought, hurricanes, tornadoes, fire, insects and diseases,
104

introduced species, and land development. The second indicator section contains analyses of air pollution data including
nitrate and sulfate wet deposition data and ozone data. The third indicator section contains analyses of tree health data
including tree mortality, crown condition, and damage. The final data section is a multivariate analysis, providing an integrated
presentation of the data used in the report. Two appendices contain details about the analyses methods and summary data
tables.
NTIS
Environmental Surveys; Forest Management; Forests; Health
20060002370 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA, USA, Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO USA
TKE Budgets and Dissipation Rates in Disturbed Stable Boundary Layers
Lundquist, J. K.; Piper, M.; Kosovic, B.; January 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15014648; UCRL-PROC-206026; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
No abstract available
Boundary Layers; Wind (Meteorology)
51
LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to plant and animal biology (non-human); ecology; microbiology; and also the origin,
development, structure, and maintenance of animals and plants in space and related environmental conditions. For specific topics in life
sciences see categories 52 through 55.
20060000077 TNO Environment, Energy and Process Innovation, Netherlands
Successful Nutrition and Health Interventions to Obtain and Maintain an Optimal Availability of Soldiers
Bakker-Zierikzee, A. M.; van Dusseldorp, M.; June 2005; 36 pp.; In Dutch; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): A04/KL/185; TNO Proj. 010.30723/O1.01
Report No.(s): TD 2004-0385; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
An important goal of the Ministry of Defence is to obtain and maintain an optimal availability of soldiers. Factors like
lifestyle, nutrition and physical fitness may affect health and thereby availability of the army personnel. Several countries have
tried to optimize availability of the soldiers by performing nutrition and health interventions. In this article we reviewed the
literature on two successful intervention strategies namely: providing individual advice to decrease cardiovascular risk factors
and reducing running distance during training to prevent training related injuries. Individual dietary advice was successful in
improving cardiovascular risk factors. Advice on lifestyle and nutrition decreased cholesterol level with 4 to 9% and decreased
the number of everweight soldiers with 8%. These results support the continuation of programmes like Weightco@ch.
Changing training programs by decreasing running distance with 40 to 100% and increasing marching distance, lowered the
number of injuries by 14 to 54%. Using ankle braces, special shoes or insoles might have additional positive effect on injury
rates. The interventions consisted of relative simple changes that most likely will have both short-term and long-term positive
effects on the availability of army personnel.
Author
Nutrition; Public Health; Cardiovascular System; Military Personnel
20060001589 Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, USA
Pattern Spectrum of Images and Morphological Shape-Size Complexity
Maragos, Petros; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 7.9.1 - 7.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF CDR-85-00108; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
By using morphological opening and closing set operations, a pattern spectrum of binary images can be developed, which
measures the image content relative to patterns of arbitrary shape and size. In this paper, the pattern spectrum of discrete
images is further generalized, is directly related to the skeleton (medial axis) transform, is used to derive a shape-size
complexity measure of the image and its immediate background, and all these concepts are extended to graytone images. The
105

esults of this study indicate that the pattern spectrum can be used to analyze and enrich the medial axis (or other skeleton-like)
transforms, and quantify the roughness of the image boundary or surface.
Author
Shapes; Spectra; Morphology
20060001780 Army Research Inst. of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S. Army: Occupational Risks Potentially
Related to Head-Supported Mass
Amoroso, Paul J.; Bell, Nicole S.; Toboni, Holly; Krautheim, Mark; Sep. 1, 2005; 68 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440190; USARIEM-T06-01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study documents the morbidity of neck and back injuries among U.S. Army Soldiers, focusing on populations at
greatest potential risk (e.g.. pilots. parachutists). We hypothesize that individuals in occupations requiring the use of equipment
that places a heavy load on the head will be at greater risk for acute and chronic neck and back injuries and musculoskeletal
conditions. Analyses include calculation of frequencies and unadjusted rates of each health outcome (hospitalization. accident
report. disability, and outpatient visit). Standardized morbidity ratios, adjusted for age and presented in gender and
rank-specific models. are used to compare risk among Soldiers in select Military Occupational Specialties. Separate models
also compare risk among soldiers exposed to hazardous duty assignments such as parachuting and aviation. Results show that
rates of head and neck injuries vary by occupation. receipt of hazardous duty pay, rank, and gender and by type of health
outcome. These findings point to the need to monitor high-risk occupational specialties and to develop targeted interventions
to reduce neck- and back-related morbidity. They also point to the need for more direct measurement of head-supported mass
exposures and factors that may modify the association between risk exposures and injury or disability.
DTIC
Histories; Injuries; Military Personnel; Risk
20060001783 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA
The Role of Layer 4 in Thalamocortical Development
Palmer, Sidney L.; Jan. 1, 1999; 135 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440194; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Thalamic innervation of cortex is a complex process in which specific regions of the thalamus must grow into precise
cortical regions. Once within a specific cortical area, thalamic aflerents terminate largely upon a target population of cortical
cells. within the somatosensory cortex, thalamic afferents terminate largely upon layer 4 cells. To further understand the
importance of layer 4 in shaping the development of thalamic afferents and the specificity of their connectivity within
somatosensory cortex, we disrupted the formation of layer 4 of ferret somatosensory cortex using the anti-mitotic drug,
methylazoxy methanol acetate (MAM) on embryonic day 33 (E33). As a control, MAM was administered to a second group
of animals on E3S to interfere with layer 2 fornation. Following MAM treatment, two sets of experiments were performed.
In the first set of experiments, small crystals of the lipiphilic tracer, Dil were placed into the ventral basal (vB) region of
thalamus of fixed brains obtained at Pi, P7 and P14. The distribution of thalamic fibers within the somatosensory
DTIC
Cerebral Cortex; Neurophysiology; Thalamus
20060001788 Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD USA
Chemotherapeutics Targeting Immune Activation by Staphylococcal Superantigens
Krakauer, Teresa; Sep. 1, 2005; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440214; RPP-05-131; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related superantigenic toxins are potent activators of the immune system and
cause a variety of diseases in humans, ranging from food poisoning to toxic shock. These toxins bind to both MHC class II
molecules and specific V-beta regions of T cell receptors (TCR), resulting in the activation of both monocytes/macrophages
and T lymphocytes. The interactions of these toxins with host cells lead to excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines
and T cell proliferation, causing clinical symptoms that include fever, hypotension and shock. Different domains of SEB
contributing to MHC class II or TCR interactions have been mapped and defined by mutagenesis, crystallography and other
biochemical techniques. This review summarizes the in vitro and in vivo effects of staphylococcal superantigens, and the
therapeutic agents to mitigate their toxic effects. Potential targets to prevent the toxic effects of bacterial superantigens include
blocking the interaction of SEs with MHC or TCR, or other costimulatory molecules; inhibition of signal transduction
106

pathways used by these superantigens; inhibition of cytokine and chemokine production; and inhibition of the downstream
signaling pathways used by proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Early blockade of these targets proves to be useful
in vitro and in vivo testing of therapeutics against SEB-induced toxic shock will also be reviewed.
DTIC
Antigens; Chemotherapy; Drugs; Immunity; Staphylococcus
20060001789 Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD USA
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
Halverson, Kelly M.; Panchal, Rekha G.; Nguyen, Tam L.; Gussio, Rick; Little, Stephen F.; Misakian, Martin; Bavari, Sina;
Kasianowicz, John J.; Oct. 7, 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440215; RPP-05-403; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Bacillus anthracis secretes three proteins (protective antigen, PA; lethal factor, LF; and edema factor, EF) that are the basis
for anthrax infection. We present electrophysiological measurements that demonstrate the effect of full-length LF and EF on
ion channels formed by the proteolytically activated species of PA (PA63) in planar lipid bilayer membranes. LF and EF
convert the heptameric PA63 channel current-voltage relationship from slightly nonlinear to one that is highly rectifying and
diode-like at pH 6.6. This striking effect provides an innovative method for characterizing functional toxin interactions and
can be applied as an anthrax therapeutic biosensor.
DTIC
Antigens; Asymmetry; Bacillus; Bioinstrumentation; Biological Effects; Detection; Infectious Diseases
20060001810 Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates for BRCA3
Chen, Xiaowei; Jun. 1, 2005; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-1-0573
Report No.(s): AD-A440291; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Breast cancer is a genetically heterogeneous disease, and multiple genes remain to be identified among non-BRCA1 and
BRCA2 breast cancer-prone families. This statement is supported by the evidences that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are
associated with 20 to 60% of hereditary breast cancer families, which is less than originally estimated, especially in
population-based studies. There is mounting evidence which suggests that there may be additional, less prevalent breast cancer
susceptibility genes; however the identification of these genes remains elusive. Several groups are searching for additional
breast cancer susceptibility genes using whole genome scanning approaches, but the success of many of these approaches
depend on the underlying heterogeneity of the remaining cancer susceptibility loci. The failure to date to identify additional
breast cancer susceptibility genes associated with a high risk of disease suggests that more than one may exist. We have taken
the approach that the next BRCA genes will be those that encode for proteins whose functions are linked to important cell
regulatory pathways. We have recently found one such candidate BRCA3 protein, referred to as BRCC36.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Enzymes; Genes; Genetics; Mammary Glands; Proteins
20060001811 Walter Reed Army Inst. of Research, Washington, DC USA
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum, Ricin and Anthrax Toxins
Hicks, Ricky P.; Hartell, Mark G.; Nichols, Daniel A.; Bhattacharjee, Apurba K.; van Hamont, John E.; Skillman, Donald R.;
Jan. 1, 2005; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440292; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The potential use of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, biological or chemical) by terrorist organizations represents
a major threat to world peace and safety. Only a limited number of vaccines are available to protect the general population
from the medical consequences of these weapons. In addition, there are major health concerns associated with a pre-exposure
mass vaccination of the general population. To reduce or eliminate the impact of these terrible threats, new drugs must be
developed to safely treat individuals exposed to these agents. A review of all therapeutic agents under development for the
treatment of the illnesses and injuries that result from exposure to nuclear, biological or chemical warfare agents is beyond
the scope of any single article. The intent here is to provide a focused review for medicinal and organic chemists of three
widely discussed and easily deployed biological warfare agents, botulinum neurotoxin and ricin toxins and the bacteria
107

Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax will be addressed because of its similarity in both structure and mechanism of catalytic activity
with botulinum toxin.
DTIC
Biological Weapons; Clostridium Botulinum; Infectious Diseases; Toxins and Antitoxins
20060001814 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA
Regulation of hTERT Expression and Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+) Human Mammary Epithelial Cell Lines
Stampfer, Martha R.; Jun. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-1-0580
Report No.(s): AD-A440296; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Telomerase is reactivated in almost all human breast cancers; the immortal potential conferred by telomerase is thought
to be crucial for malignant progression. Loss of telomeric protection usually leads to widespread genomic instability. This
proposal is to study telomerase reactivation and telomere protection in newly immortalized human mammary epithelial cells
(HMEC) that retain wild type p53 function, and to determine if these cells may be especially sensitive to therapies that target
telomerase activity and telomere protection. Prior work showed that p53 can suppress most, but not all, telomerase expression
in newly immortal p53+ HMEC lines until telomeres become extremely short, when an unknown mechanism (termed
conversion) relieves this repression. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57 may protect cells with these critically
shortened telomeres by inhibiting growth until there is sufficient telomerase reactivation to protect the telomeric ends. Our
current aims are: (1) Test whether the low telomerase activity, as well as the elevation of p57 expression seen in newly
immortal p53+ HMEC, suppress the genomic instability seen prior to immortalization, and if inhibition of telomerase activity
and p57 function might efficiently kill these cells. (2) Determine how p53 regulates telomerase activity in newly immortal
HMEC lines.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Epithelium; Mammary Glands; Telomeres
20060001865 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems: A Randomized Controlled
Trial
Nicholas, Rena; Jan. 1, 2005; 193 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440410; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Workstyle is a description of how people perform their work and is proposed as a mechanism by which ergonomic and
psychosocial stressors in the workplace interact with the individual’s cognitive and behavioral responses to work demands,
which place a worker at risk for the development and/or exacerbation of work-related upper extremity symptoms and disorders
(WRUES/Ds). Recent investigations have shown that multicomponent interventions (i.e., ergonomic redesign and individual
stress management) show promise for increasing the effectiveness and durability of intervention benefits. Therefore, inclusion
of workstyle-related interventions into workplace WRUED prevention (primary and secondary) programs may result in better
overall treatment gains because a focus on workstyle may simultaneously address multiple risk factors for WRUEDs. This
study compared treatment outcomes for interventions combining workstyle and ergonomic modification at the workplace
compared to addressing workstyle or ergonomic management alone. Symptomatic workers were recruited to participate in one
of the three intervention conditions or in a wait-list control condition, where measures of ergonomic risk, psychosocial stress,
workstyle response, and symptom status were collected at baseline, post-treatment, and at a 3-month follow-up period. Results
indicated that although all groups improved over time, no intervention produced outcomes superior to the control group. The
results suggest that future interventions should be more intensive to produce significant and lasting improvements.
DTIC
Human Factors Engineering; Layouts; Personnel Management; Prevention; Signs and Symptoms; Social Factors
20060001886 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
Expanding Access to Mental Health Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE demonstration
Meredith, Lisa S.; Tanielian, Terri; Greenberg, Michael D.; Suarez, Ana; Eiseman, Elizabeth; Jan. 1, 2005; 162 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0004
Report No.(s): AD-A440445; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The military health system serves roughly 9 million eligible beneficiaries, including active duty military personnel and
108

their family members, retired military personnel and their family members, and surviving family members of deceased
military personnel. Eligible beneficiaries access health care services through the TRICARE program. Mental health care, as
well as other forms of health care under TRICARE, is delivered through the direct care system, which consists of
military-owned treatment facilities (clinics and hospitals), and the purchased-care system, which consists of coverage for care
rendered in the civilian sector. TRICARE provides coverage for most medically necessary mental health care services,
including those delivered in inpatient, outpatient, and partial hospitalization settings by qualified providers. In response to the
National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2001, the Department of Defense implemented a 1-year
demonstration project designed to expand access to mental health services by easing TRICARE restrictions on services
provided by licensed or certified mental health counselors (LMHCs). Currently, LMHCs must meet several eligibility and
administrative requirements to serve as authorized TRICARE providers, including documentation of referral and supervision
from a physician. Under the demonstration project, LMHCs who met the TRICARE eligibility requirements were allowed to
provide services to covered beneficiaries without referral by physicians or adherence to supervisory requirements. In the
NDAA, Congress requested an evaluation of the demonstration’s impact on utilization, costs, and patient outcomes. This
report describes the evaluation efforts by the RAND Corporation and presents findings based on several sources of data. The
report is organized according to specific responses to the evaluation’s objectives outlined in the FY01 NDAA and is intended
to be included in the sponsor’s final report to Congress.
DTIC
Cost Analysis; Mental Health; Policies
20060001887 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit for Active-Duty Personnel
Hosek, James; Mattock, Michael; Schoenbaum, Michael; Eiseman, Elizabeth; Jan. 1, 2005; 64 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0004
Report No.(s): AD-A440447; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The availability of health care for active-duty military personnel and their families is a fundamental component of the
services’ commitment to support their personnel. However, military health care benefits are not routinely counted as an
element of military compensation in reports given to individual members, nor in comparisons of military versus civilian
compensation. This may be because military health care benefits are provided in such a way that it is difficult to account for
the value accruing to individuals. For many military families, health care is received in-kind, that is, the family pays no health
insurance premium and pays nothing for the care and prescriptions received at military treatment facilities. However, unlike
some other benefits that are received in-kind, such as housing, there is no corresponding allowance for members who ‘opt out’
of the system; indeed, individual military members are not allowed to opt out of the military health care system. In addition,
members are selected to enter the military based on their health, and, as it is for other young adults, the demand for health
care is considerably less than it is for the elderly. Thus, younger members may not fully appreciate the value of their health
care coverage. Despite these factors, the authors argue that the military health care system represents a substantial benefit to
military members and families, largely freeing them from concern about receiving health care when the need arises. The
purpose of this research is to consider how a reasonable monetary value might be attached to the military health care benefit
from the perspective of the active-duty service member and his or her family. Including the value of the health care benefit
as an element of military compensation would make military/civilian pay and benefit comparisons more comprehensive and
accurate, and bring greater visibility to the value of the health care benefits to members.
DTIC
Economic Analysis; Economics; Health; Medical Services; Military Personnel; Personnel
20060001900 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in Adult Rats Following Adolescent
Nicotine Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination of the Gateway Hypothesis
Klein, Laura C.; Jan. 1, 1997; 174 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440503; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A08, Hardcopy
The present experiment examined effects of nicotine administration during adolescence on subsequent opioid
consumption in male and female rats. Forty-one day old rats received saline (n =40), 6 mg nicotine/kg/day (n =40), or 12 mg
nicotine/kg/day (n =40) by osmotic mini%pump for 24 hours/day for 19 days. After a 7-day cessation period, consumption
of fentanyl-HCl solution was evaluated for 4 weeks. Throughout the opioid consumption phase, rats received either 20 minutes
of immobilization stress (a = 60) or no-stress (a =60) prior to opioid availability. Body weight, food, and water consumption
109

were evaluated throughout the experiment. Nicotine exposure (6 mg nicotine/kg/day) during adolescence was related to
increased, subsequent fentanyl self-administration in non-stressed male rats. Exposure to immobilization stress prior to opioid
availability attenuated or reversed the effect of adolescent exposure to 6 mg nicotine/kg/day on fentanyl self-administration
in adult male rats. These effects did not occur for female rats. Female rats consumed more fentanyl than did male rats,
regardless of nicotine pre-exposure, but male and female rats did not display differences in withdrawal following naloxone
challenge. Opiate self-administration decreased food consumption for all animals. Nicotine history appeared to increase
plasma corticosterone levels in non-stressed, male and female rats. Nicotine decreased body weight gains and food
Consumption among male and female rats and both of these effects were greater in female than in male rats. Nicotine cessation
resulted in increases in body weight and food consumption and these effects were greater in females than in males. Stress
increased plasma corticosterone in male and female rats and female rats had higher levels of plasma corticosterone. Stress
decreased body weight and food consumption in male and female rats regardless of nicotine history.
DTIC
Adults; Hypotheses; Nicotine; Pharmacology; Rats; Sex
20060001901 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense. Department of Defense
Interactions with the Food and Drug Administration
Rettig, Richard A.; Brower, Jennifer; Yaniv, Orlie; Jan. 1, 2003; 94 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0004
Report No.(s): AD-A440504; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Chemical and biological threats confront U.S. military personnel today both overseas and in the continental USA, whether
in defensive, peacekeeping, or offensive situations. Defenses against such threats are both medical and nonmedical. Drugs and
biologics, mainly vaccines, constitute the primary medical defenses. Consequently, efforts of the U.S. Department of Defense
(DoD) to protect American troops require the acquisition of drugs and biologics for chemical and biological warfare (CBW)
defense. The objective of this acquisition, as is the case for other acquisitions, is to obtain the desired supply of a given product
at an acceptable price. This study includes both drugs and biologics, but it emphasizes the latter (mainly focusing on vaccines,
a subset of biologics). Vaccines provide advanced protection against biological warfare threats via immunization of at-risk
troops and prior protection is a high priority within DoD. In contrast, drugs are useful mainly in treating already-exposed
troops. Vaccine development is also more complicated than drug development because it typically involves manipulating live
organisms, whereas drugs consist of more-stable chemical entities. DoD has two distinct roles during the acquisition of drugs
and biologics for CBW defense: purchaser and developer. As purchaser of a drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) for which a commercial market exists, DoD simply buys what it needs at the market price; DoD
acquisition of influenza vaccine is a good example of this.
DTIC
Acquisition; Chemical Warfare; Defense Program; Drugs; Public Health; Warfare
20060001912 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
RAND Review: Volume 29, Number 2, Summer 2005
Jan. 1, 2005; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440532; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
RAND Review is published periodically by the RAND Corporation, a nonprofit institution. The mission of the RAND
Corporation is to help improve policy and decision making through research and analysis. Titles of articles appearing in this
publication include: 1) Army Stretched Thin: There’s no easy way out for the nation; 2) Centerpiece -- No Single Policy is
Likely to Meet All Army Goals, Given Current Rate of Sustained Operations; 3) Cover Story -- Peace Entrenched: Planning
for a Palestinian State should not await a final settlement; 4) Doctor’s Orders: Better electronic prescribing systems could
improve care.
DTIC
Decision Making; Policies; Summer
20060001923 Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corp., Benerly, MA USA
Testing of WW-85
Salzman, Andrew; Nov. 21, 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0016
Report No.(s): AD-A440590; INOTEK-46981; ARO-46981.1-LS-DRP; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
110

The current document provides information on the development of WW-85, an ultrapotent catalytic anti-oxidant as a
radioprotectant countermeasure. Radiation injury induces the generation of multiple reactive oxygen and nitrogen radicals in
living tissues which then trigger oxidative peroxidative nitrosative and other forms of damage to proteins lipids and nucleic
acids in the cells. Data in the literature indicate that neutralization of these oxidant and free radical reactions and chain
reactions is of protective value during radiation injury. However, the practical hurdles that hamper the introduction of a
clinically useful anti-oxidant are that most available anti-oxidants (such as Vitamin C Vitamin E thiol-based compounds) are
relatively slow reacting and do not neutralize fast-reacting species. In addition, effective concentrations of these compounds
are difficult to be reached in living tissues. Preclinical data with radioprotectant anti-oxidants (amifostine melatonin)
demonstrate a relatively modest effect.
DTIC
Antioxidants; Radiation Injuries
52
AEROSPACE MEDICINE
Includes the biological and physiological effects of atmospheric and space flight (weightlessness, space radiation, acceleration, and
altitude stress) on the human being; and the prevention of adverse effects on those environments. For psychological and behavioral
effects of aerospace environments, see 53 Behavioral Sciences. For the effects of space on animals and plants see 51 Life Sciences.
20060001234 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
Wei, Jin-He, Editor; Chen, Shan-Guang, Editor; Su, Shuang-Ning, Editor; Jian, Shu-Zhong, Editor; Wang, Xian-Min, Editor;
Liu, Xin-Min, Editor; Su, Hong-Yu, Editor; Bai, Jing, Editor; Sun, Xi-Qing, Editor; Ma, Ai-Jun, Editor, et al.; October 2005;
ISSN 1002-0837; 82 pp.; In English; See also 20060001235 - 20060001245; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Topics discussed include: Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus Muscle;
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy Study; Effects of
Simulated Microgravity on Morphology of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and Its Production of NO; Effects of K
+ Channel Alteration on Fatigability of High-frequency Tetanic Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus; Application of
Multislice Spiral CT(MSCT) in Studies of Multi-organ Injury under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey; Biodestructive Capability of
Several Microorganisms on Space Structural Materials in Space; Comparison Study of Impact Response Characteristics
between SZM510 Dummy and Hybrid III Dummy; Experimental Study of Special Long-effect Controlled-releasing Fertilizers
in Controlled Ecological Life Support System; A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis Device for Separation of Model
Proteins; Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy; and Progress in Research of Vascular
Contractility under Weightlessness or Simulated Weightlessness.
Derived from text
Aerospace Medicine; Cardiovascular System; Life Support Systems; Mice; Muscles; Proteins; Rats; Weightlessness; Monkeys
20060001235 Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis Device for Separation of Model Proteins
Wu, Han-ji; Jiang, Yuan-da; Liu, Wen-xi; Zhang, Zhi-yuan; Feng, Xue-zhang; Xia, Qi-chang; Ding, Shi-jian; Wu, Gao-de; Li,
Qin; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering; October 2005, pp. 355-359; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
The objective is to study the influence of space microgravity environment on the electrophoresis separation process and
to qualify the design and technologies of A3-2 device. A3-2 device was flown on board the recoverable capsule of Shenzhou
-IV spacecraft and the electrophoretic separating experiments of the model proteins, Bovine Hemoglobin and Cytochrome C
were performed. All of the engineering and scientific parameters in the experiment were obtained. Everything in the recovered
electrophoresis unit was fine and 30 fractions were got completely after landing. Both of the results obtained by on-line LED
detector and SP22 UV spectrophotometer from the separated products, showed that the separation quality of proteins by the
continuous free-flow electrophoresis device was better under microgravity than on the ground. The A3-2 device can work well
in space. It ensures the success of space electrophoresis separating experiment for the first time in China.
Author (revised)
Electrophoresis; Free Flow; Microgravity; Proteins
111

20060001236 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(MSCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey
Jun, Fei; Bin, Wu; Chao-li, Zhang; Guang-xing, You; Ying-qi, Liu; Shi-zhong, Jiang; Zong-ye, Wang; Zhen-lin, Geng;
Xing-hua, Jiao; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering; October 2005, pp. 334-338; In English; See also 20060001234;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Objective: To observe image changes of multi-organ injuries in rhesus monkeys under high G during spacecraft
emergency return. Method: Eight healthy male adult rhesus monkeys were divided into +15 Gx, +18 Gx and +21 Gx groups
and were exposed to corresponding parabolic G curve respectively on an animal centrifuge. The animals were all examined
with MSCT scan before +Gx exposure and 2 h, 24 h, 7 d after +Gx exposure. CT cerebral perfusion images were achieved
in 15 G group only. Result: Different extents of emphysema, pneumothorax and hemorrhage in lung were found after exposure
to +15 Gx, +18 Gx and +21 Gx. Lung injuries images almost recovered to normal one week after + Gx exposure. Two hours
and 24 h after +15 Gx exposure, brain ischemia was showed on CT cerebral perfusion imaging, which almost recovered to
normal 1 week later. There were no other injuries in the parenchyma of other organs. Conclusion: High G during space craft
emergency return can cause injuries in lung and brain of rhesus monkeys, which can be detected by MSCT scan at the early
stage. It has the property of high speed,good duplication and high resolution. It can be used in the research of high G injury
that would be encountered in manned space flight.
Author
Centrifuges; Monkeys; Emphysema; Emergencies; Cerebrum; Brain Damage; Exposure; Hemorrhages
20060001237 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China, Ministry of Education of China, China
Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy
Zhang, Lian-yi; Zheng, Chong-xun; Li, Xiao-ping; Shen, Kai-quan; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering; October 2005,
pp. 375-380; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Objective: To investigate the relation between electroencephalogram ( EEG ) and physiological central fatigue; To find
a feasible and useful index for physiological central fatigue grading. Method: Kolmogorov entropy (KE) was applied to
measure the chaotic degree of physiological central fatigue and the changes of KE of different subjects’ EEG under different
mental fatigue status were analyzed. Result: Corresponding to the physiological central fatigue status, the average values of
KE were in a certain range; the grade of physiological central fatigue based on KE might be not affected by circadian rhythm;
those whose circadian rhythms were almost same had similar KE values during the same period. Conclusion: It is feasible to
grade the physiological central fatigue with KE. This study may provide a new method for mental fatigue grading. This
method can further be applied in practice to develop and implement countermeasures to fatigue and sleepiness, especially in
transportation industry. Key words: physiological central fatigue ; electroencephalogram ; Kolmogorov entropy; prefrontal
cortex
Author
Kolmogorov Theory; Physiology
20060001238 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus Muscle
Ming, Yuan; Shi-zhong, Jiang; Zhi-li, Li; De-sheng, Wang; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering; October 2005,
pp. 313-317; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Abstract: Objective: To study the changes of ERK1/2 phosphorylation status induced by unloading of soleus muscle after
tail suspension in rats. Method: Hindlimb unloading(HU) was produced by tail suspension, which simulated the effect of
weightlessness on male Wistar rats. Western blot technique was introduced to detect the total and phospho-ERK1/2 status in
isolated soleus muscle of 7 d, 14 d HU and respective control groups. Result Total ERK1/2 in soleus muscle was not affected
by 7 d and 14 d HU. The ERK1 phosphorylation status were declined significantly after 7 d and 14 d HU. The ERK2
phosphorylation status were declined significantly after 7 d HU, but not for 14 d HU. Conclusion:The unloading of soleus
muscle after simulated microgravity can decrease the phosphorylation status of ERK1/2, which may contribute to the atrophy
of soleus muscle induced by simulated weightlessness.
Author
Weightlessness Simulation; Rats; Microgravity; Muscles
112

20060001240 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and Its Production of
NO
Hua, Zhang; Ye-qing, Sun; Feng-yun, Zhang; Da-ming, Zhang; Xiu-zhi, Jia; De-chang, Xu; Chun-mei, Li; Space Medicine
& Medical Engineering; October 2005, pp. 324-328; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Objective: To investigate the morphology, production of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of nitric oxide synthase of
human umbilical vein endothelial cells( HUVEC) under the condition of microgravity. Method: The HUVEC cultured in flasks
on microgravity-based clinostat for 48 h were the microgravity group,and those cultured in flasks under 1 g condition were
control group. Morphology of the cells were observed by inversion microscope and transmission electron microscope. The
flasks of the microgravity group were centrifuged at different rates, the supermutant was harvested and the production of nitric
oxide and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were assayed. Result: The
morphology and ultrastructure of HUVEC cultured under microgravity changed. The cells became round and grew
overlapingly. NO production of the cells increased significantly , and was positively related with the degree of microgravity;
eNOS expression increased and iNOS expression of the cells cultured under microgravity was observed. Conclusion:
Microgravity can influence the morphology, ultrastructure, production of NO, and the expression of nitric oxide synthase of
HUVEC in vitro.
Author
Microgravity; Cultured Cells; In Vitro Methods and Tests; Nitric Oxide; Clinostats; Weightlessness Simulation
20060001241 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
Han-zhong, Feng; Zhi-bin, Yu; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering; October 2005, pp. 329-333; In English; See also
20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Objective: To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the high fatigability in mouse atrophic soleus during
high-frequency tetanic contraction. Method: A tail-suspended mouse model was employed to simulate weightlessness on the
ground. Soleus muscle strips were perfused in vitro with Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 10 mmol/L K(+) (HK) or 60
mmol/L Na(+) (LNa) . The contractile function of muscle strips was observed during high-frequency stimulation. Result:
Maximal tension(P(sub o)) of soleus tetanic contraction showed no difference between control(CON) and 1-week
tail-suspension group( SUS). P(sub 33)/P(sub o),(P(sub 33), transient tension of tetanic contraction at the 33 s) was reduced
significantly in SUS, and it manifested an increase in fatigability during tetanic contraction in SUS. After high-frequency
tetanic contraction, the recover time of isometric tension was shortened in SUS. Comparing with Krebs-Henseleit solution
perfusion, P(sub o) and P(sub 33)/P(sub o) of soleus were lower under HK perfusion, but no difference in P(sub o) between
CON and SUS; however, P(sub 33)/P(sub o) decreased more in SUS than in CON. LNa perfusion induced an increase in P(sub
33)/P(sub o) of SUS, but decrease in that of CON. The threshold stimulating voltage was decreased in SUS soleus which were
perfused with HK, but no change in CON. The threshold stimulating voltage showed an increase in both CON and SUS under
LNa perfusion. Conclusion: These results suggest that the changes in K(+) channel characteristics may increase the fatigability
during high-frequency tetanic contraction in atrophic soleus.
Author
Weightlessness; In Vitro Methods and Tests; Threshold Voltage; Atrophy; Mice; Muscles
20060001242 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms on Space Structural Materials in Space
Qiong, Xie; Yong-zhi, Li; Yuan-liang, Wu; Yi-bing, Ma; Shuang-ning, Su; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering; October
2005, pp. 339-343; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The objective is to explore possible effect of microflora on space materials under space conditions. A seven months
biodestructive test of three fungi strains on 9 space structural materials was carried out in space environment with ground
controls. As compared with ground control, aerial hyphae of Aspergillus grew better. In space its conidium got more abundant,
and the weight loss of the materials by corrosion was less. Reproductive ability of the fungi is enhanced under space condition.
The growth rate is increased. The morphological differentiation is advanced and the biodestructive ability on space materials
is somewhat reduced.
Author (revised)
Microorganisms; Aerospace Medicine
113

20060001245 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility under Weightlessness or Simulated Weightlessness
Li, Zhi-li; Jiang, Shi-zhong; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering; October 2005, pp. 387-390; In English; See also
20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Weightlessness or simulated weightlessness-induced orthostatic intolerance appears to be due, in part, to the change of
vascular contractility. The functions of vessels are close to blood pressure, vessels structure and blood flow. The vessels have
respective structural and functional characteristics due to their different anatomic regions. The cephalic fluid shift and
elimination of the head-to-foot hydrostatic pressure gradient in weightlessness or simulated weightlessness may induce
adaptations of the vessels, which are different in property and degree. This review summarizes recent researches about these
adaptations to weightlessness or simulated weightlessness.
Author
Cardiovascular System; Blood Pressure; Weightlessness; Pressure Vessels; Hydrostatic Pressure; Blood Flow; Contraction
20060002051 Civil Aerospace Medical Inst., Oklahoma City, OK, USA, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH, USA
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft Maintenance Personnel Performing Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
Nakagawara, V. B.; Montgomery, R. W.; Good, G. W.; November 2005; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white
illustrations
Report No.(s): DOT/FAA/AM-05/21; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Visual inspection and nondestructive inspection and testing (NDI/NDT) are performed routinely to ensure that aircraft are
maintained in safe operating condition. Inspectors must make critical judgments about the condition of aircraft and aircraft
components using their eyes, basic visual aids (magnifiers, mirrors, and flashlights), and complicated NDI/NDT techniques
to detect anomalies. Failure to detect observable defects has been implicated in several aviation accidents. This study examines
the medical surveillance programs employed by aircraft maintenance facilities in the USA, indicating specific vision standards
and tests used for inspection personnel. We interviewed medical surveillance program personnel from nine major aircraft
maintenance facilities and repair stations by phone or in person. The current vision standards for inspectors at each of the
facilities surveyed were extracted from internal facility documents. Additionally, we reviewed the vision screening tests used
for medical surveillance of inspection personnel. There were differences in the vision standards for near vision (Snellen 20/20
and 20/25, Jaeger #1 and #2, Ortho Rater #8) distant vision (20/25, 20/30, none), color vision (distinguish and differentiate
contrast among colors, colors in the methods, normal color vision), and test intervals (annual, 2-year) at the facilities surveyed.
Vision screening tests used in the medical surveillance programs at these facilities were equally diverse, including choice of
vision screening tests. Medical surveillance programs for the aircraft maintenance facilities we surveyed different considerably
for both vision standards and screening tests used to evaluate performance of inspectors. The use of uniform vision standards
and test methods would provide quality control and facilitate a more accurate evaluation of the visual capabilities for
inspection personnel.
Author (revised)
Aircraft Maintenance; Snellen Tests; Nondestructive Tests; Surveillance
20060002347 Royal Netherlands Meteorological Inst., Netherlands
Results of and Adjustments to a Dynamic Vision Test
Bos, J. E.; Hogervorst, M. A.; July 2005; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): TNO-DV3 2005 A058; TD2005-058; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Previous studies showed that assessment of the dynamic visual acuity is of value in testing pilots, and how such a test
could be performed. It was, however, not known how this test would work in practice. When applied, it is essential that for
a normal population a reduction in acuity depending on the chosen stimuli can be realised, such that defects can be quantified
by the (reduced) amount of motion needed to cause a certain reduction in acuity. We applied the flash-test to four subjects
using the TNO 3D rotation chair with a CRT screen mounted on it in an extensive series of experiments. Results With moving
visual stimuli, the chosen test conditions sufficed to show a reduction in acuity. With self motion, however, we could not show
this. It is sufficient to measure the dynamic acuity by the flash test with a direct view on the CRT. It is sufficient too to apply
visual stimuli moving not faster than 32"/s. Passive self motion seems insufficient to measure the dynamic acuity. An
active auto rotation test seems the best alternative. Low frequency passive self rotation is needed to study fixation suppression
effects. The effect of ambient light and background characteristics seems negligible in all conditions. The previously proposed
test battery can therefore be reduced considerably. With a number of amendments, this test deserves to be applied to a group
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of aviators (or comparable subjects) as well as to patients with known visual and vestibular deficits to determine the sensitivity
and specificity of the test.
Author (revised)
Visual Perception; Visual Acuity; Dynamic Tests
53
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Includes psychological factors; individual and group behavior; crew training and evaluation; and psychiatric research.
20060001239 Peking Univ., China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
Jiong-jiong, Yang; Shao-qun, Zeng; Qing-ming, Luo; Lin-chu, Guan; Hui, Gong; Wemara, Lichty; Britton, Chance; Space
Medicine & Medical Engineering; October 2005, pp. 318-323; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources
To explore the role of the prefrontal cortex in semantic encoding of unrelated word pairs by using functional near-infrared
spectroscopy (fNlRS). Forty-eight subjects were presented unrelated pairs of Chinese words under both the nonsemantic and
semantic encoding conditions. Under the nonsemantic condition, subjects judged whether the two words had similar
orthographic structures; under the semantic condition, they generated a sentence involving the presented word pairs. The
changes of regional blood volume associated with the cognitive tasks were measured by using fNlRS equipment which was
a continuous optical imager. The regions that corresponded to the prefrontal regions showed greater activation under semantic
than nonsemantic condition in both left and right hemispheres, although the extent of the activation was larger in the left than
right prefrontal regions. This result was consistent with other neuro-imaging studies on unrelated word pairs processing, but
did not conform to the strict interpretations of the hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry model (HERA). This study
suggests that material specificity is one of the important factors to influence hemispheric asymmetry in memory encoding.
When associations between items are required, right prefrontal regions participate in the encoding processing as well. It also
indicates that fNlRS imaging is a viable method of investigating higher level cognitive processing such as memory.
Author
Asymmetry; Coding; Spectroscopy; Words (Language)
20060002118 Hughes Research Labs., Malibu, CA, USA
Switched-Capacitor Building Blocks with Reduced Sensitivity to Finite Amplifier Gain, Bandwidth and Offset Voltage
Larson, Lawrence E.; Temes, Gabor C.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 334-338; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): D860311; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
New switched-capacitor gain stages and integrators are presented that exhibit reduced sensitivity to operational amplifier
gain, bandwidth, and offset voltage. The switched-capacitor building blocks should find wide application in switched-capacitor
filters, A/D, D/A and other analog arithmetic building blocks, especially in high-speed applications.
Author
Switching; Bandwidth; Capacitors
54
MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
Includes human factors engineering, bionics, man-machine systems, life support, space suits and protective clothing. For related
information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 52 Aerospace Medicine.
20060001243 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Comparison Study of Impact Response Characteristics between SZM510 Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy
Hong-lei, Ma; Bing-kun, Liu; Shi-zhong, Jiang; Tao, Wang; Hong-hui, Yang; Jun-cheng, Jiang; Space Medicine & Medical
Engineering; October 2005, pp. 344-346; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The objective is to quantify the response of human-chair system during landing impacts, and to testify the detecting
position for system impact tests. On an impact tower, the impact tests were carried out based an rivet or buffer underprop
supporting system. The response of dummies system under the two supporting systems was similar. The response of Hyrid
115

III dummy was similar to those obtained from the cushion and the pivoting center of the chair. It is demonstrated that
measurements made on the rigid structure can reflect the response of the human body. SZM5l0 dummy can be used for
evaluation of passenger safety under high impacts.
Author (revised)
Dummies; Impact Tests; Rigid Structures; Aerospace Medicine; Seats
20060001244 Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
Experimental Study of Special Long-Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in Controlled Ecological Life Support
System
Wei-dang, Ai; Shuang-sheng, Guo; Yi-bing, Deng; Yong-kang, Tang; Li-feng, Qin; Space Medicine & Medical Engineering;
October 2005, pp. 347-349; In English; See also 20060001234; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The objective is to study the possibility of using the special long-effect controlled-releasing fertilizer (SLECRF) for plant
growing in the Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS). Under conditions of controlled illumination, temperature,
and atmosphere, planting of Lettuce in the pots was carried out, the experiment included groups of control (no fertilization),
fertilizer 1 ( No. 1) and fertilizer 2 (No. 2 ). The plants with no fertilizer grew abnormally, the fertilizer could promote the
plants’ developing, and growing. The quality of plants grown with fertilizer 1 was better than those grown with fertilizer 2.
The SLECRF can be used as nutrient sources for high plants grown in the CELSS, and different kinds of fertilizer should be
used for different kinds of the plants.
Author (revised)
Closed Ecological Systems; Fertilizers; Life Support Systems; Planting
20060001875 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin (GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD) Vapor Challenge Testing of
Commercial Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
Lins, Raymond R.; Campbell, Lee E.; Hyre, Aaron M.; Jul. 1, 2003; 17 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440427; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Results of performance testing of six NIOSH approved commercial self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) face piece
designs are described. A series of tests was performed to determine Sarin (GB) and distilled sulfur mustard vapor breakthrough
of SCBA face pieces using manikin head form and simulated breathing.
DTIC
Breathing Apparatus; Distillation; Sulfur; Vapors
20060001878 Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
The Advantages of Using a Negative Pressure Respirator Hood. Guidance on the Use of Hoods with Chemical
Protective Respirators and Chemical Protective Suits
Jan. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440430; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Negative pressure respirators, sometimes called masks, often come with protective hoods. These hoods attach to the
respirator, generally around the outside of the face seal, and cover the head and the upper shoulders. Figure 1 shows an
example of an MCU2P negative pressure respirator. Figure 2 shows an M40 respirator, with a respirator hood.
DTIC
Masks; Respirators
20060001882 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA
Protection Factor Testing of the 3M Breathe Easy (BE-10) Powered Air Purifying Respirator (PAPR)
Seiple, Adam D.; Pappas, Alex G.; May 1, 2003; 24 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440434; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Results of performance testing of the 3M Breathe Easy (BE-10) PAPR is described. A series of tests were performed to
determine the corn-oil protection factors using human subjects.
DTIC
Beryllium Isotopes; Masks; Protection; Respirators
116

20060002500 Technical Univ. of Lisbon, Portugal
Sustainability and Safety: The Complex System Properties
Afgan, Naim H.; de Graca Carvalho, Maria; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and
Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 1-7; In English; See also
20060002498; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Abstract- In the assessment of long term behavior of the complex system we introduce the notion of sustainability as the
measure for the quality of the system. It is defined as a new quality which is measuring the ability of our society to secure
and not compromise the ability of future generation to have quality of the life at least the same as our generation. This
definition is a new approach to the definition of the comlex system property. The safety property of complex system is
immanent to any system. It reflects quantitative merit for degradation of the system. Also, it includes rate of changes for any
process leading to degradation of the system. Environmental degradation is among the most pressing global issues confronting
modern society. Sustainability and safety are linked with the similar essential idea to prevent degradation of the quality of the
system. The sustainability is defined as the aggregation function of physical, social, technological, environmental and
resources parameters. The safety is time derivative of the sustainability index. It was shown reference example of application
of the multi-criteria evaluation with Sustainability and Safety Indexes of complex system. In conclusion, the evaluation of
complex system is involved in the sustainable development research with associated uncertainty.
Author
Complex Systems; Life Support Systems; Safety; Consciousness
59
MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general topics and overviews related to mathematics and computer science. For specific topics in these areas see categories
60 through 67.
20060000038 Helsinki Univ., Helsinki, Finland
ON HYPERBOLIC Q CLASSES
Xiaonan, Li; October 12, 2005; 70 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The theory of complex function spaces and classes have been actively studied during the last few decades. The present
research in this field is based on classical function spaces and classes such as the Bloch space, the Hardy spaces, the Bergman
spaces and the class of normal functions. The investigations of these spaces and classes have led to the study of the weighted
Dirichlet spaces, the Besov spaces as well as the alpha-Bloch and the alpha-normal functions, and more recently, the spaces
F (p,q,s) and the Besov-type classes. Important special cases of latter ones are the spaces Q(sub p) and the classes Q(sub p)(sup
#). The Q(sub p) spaces introduced ten years ago have attracted considerable attention, since the spaces Q(sub p) and the
classes Q(sub p)(sup #), for appropriate values of p, coincide with several well-known function spaces and classes: the Bloch
space, the class of normal functions, BMOA or UBC. While the theory of function spaces and classes is of independent
interest, today it is recognized that this theory is connected with many other areas of mathematics. It has been successfully
applied, for example, to differential equations, composition operators in functional analysis and potential theory. However, the
theory is still far from complete. There has been a recent surge in research activity involving the foregoing function spaces
and classes and Riemann surfaces, analytic functions of several variables as well as harmonic functions. Just as musicians aim
for euphony, mathematicians are in pursuit of beauty, harmony and conciseness. In the classical Euclidean setting the available
tools are inadequate in the analysis of the various function spaces and classes. In this thesis this inherent obstacle is
surmounted with the aid of hyperbolic geometry. The cogent issue here is that if the Euclidean measure is replaced by the
hyperbolic measure, then the length of any curve in the unit disk remains invariant under Mobius transformations. These
general considerations triggered the study of hyperbolic Hardy classes and holomorphic functions of hyperbolic bounded mean
oscillation. The present work was inspired, in part, by some of Yamashita s research in this and related fields. This thesis is
organized as follows. For the convenience of the reader, the required notations, terminology and definitions used throughout
the paper are gathered in the initial part of Section 1. This is then followed by a brief survey and summary of the required
background material and recent developments in complex function spaces. In Section 2, functional properties of the new
classes - hyperbolic Q(sub p) classes, which are defined corresponding to hyperbolic measure on the unit disk and the
harmonic measure on its boundary - are systematically discussed. This includes various equivalent definitions, boundary
behavior, necessary and sufficient and conditions for membership in the hyperbolic Q classes, basic properties of hyperbolic
Q functions, mean growth of hyperbolic derivative, outer functions, and the recently introduced g-functions in hyperbolic
classes. In addition, several illustrative examples are presented (see the last part of Section 2) and the intuitive geometric
117

properties of hyperbolic Dirichlet functions are discussed. Using the new characterizations of the hyperbolic Q(sub p)
functions established in this thesis, two results dealing with composition operators are proved in Section 3. For further
discussion about these classes, several questions about these hyperbolic classes and open problems are presented in Section
4.
Derived from text
Analytic Functions; Function Space; Hyperbolic Functions; Geometry
20060001593 SUPELEC, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Some Properties of Prediction and Interpolation Errors
Picinbono, B.; Kerilis, J. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 9.7.1 - 9.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Linear prediction and interpolation are widely used in signal processing. Usually they are obtained by linear filters of finite
memory, and the prediction and interpolation errors decrease when this memory increases. If the asymptotic values of these
errors are null, the signal is singular. In this paper a numerical method to compute the prediction and interpolation errors for
signals with a given power spectrum is presented. A large number of results obtained with this method are discussed, especially
the difference between regular and singular signals.
Author
Interpolation; Linear Prediction; Errors; Signal Processing
20060001619 International Business Machines Corp., USA
Fast Image Segmentation for Some Machine Vision Applications
Hinkle, Eric B.; Sanz, Jorge L. C.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.7.1-7.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes the use of an image contrast measure for producing binary segmentations of images in a certain class
of applications. This method is well-suited for fast pipeline implementations, because the contrast measure uses only two local
features in the image. To eliminate segmentation noise, we post-process the segmentations using binary morphological
operations. This method has been applied to three different micro-electronics inspection problems, with consistently good
results, and experimental results from each of these applications are presented here. Also, we discuss this technique in terms
of the theory of polynomial classifiers.
Author
Imaging Techniques; Segments; Image Contrast; Computer Vision
20060001626 Air Force Geophysics Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA, USA
On the Extreme Accuracy of Maximum Entropy Spectrum Estimation from an Error-Free Autocorrelation Function
Fougere, Paul F.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 9.8.1 - 9.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The Maximum Entropy Method (MEM) is compared to the periodogram method (DFT) for the estimation of line spectra
given an error-free autocorrelation function (ACF). In one computer simulation run, a 250 lag ACF was generated as the sum
of 63 cosinusoids with given amplitudes, Ai, and wave numbers, f. The wave numbers cover a band from 0 to 89.239/cm with
a Nyquist of 90/ cm and are given to an accuracy of six significant figures. The amplitudes range over four orders of magnitude
and are given to five significant figures. The resulting normalized ACF was truncated to five significant figures. The resulting
MEM spectrum was remarkably accurate. The lowest 53 spectral peaks reproduced the input frequencies exactly (to six
significant figures) while the largest error in the remaining 10 lines occurred at line 63: input = 89.2814; MEM = 89.2934.
The relative amplitude of this tiny line is only 2x10(exp -4) and yet its frequency was recovered to one part in 9000.
Author
Maximum Entropy Method; Autocorrelation; Errors; Line Spectra; Frequencies
20060001713 State Univ. Coll. of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
Kundu, Amlan; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 7.8.1-7.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, a new algorithm for visual shape coding and representation using a powerful theorem on algebraic curve
has be.en presented. The algorithm codes the closed shape, which does never intersect itself, by means of the foci of the closed
118

curve and a distance parameter ‘p’ such that the product of distances of any point on the shape from the foci is approximately
constant and is equal to ‘p’. The computation of the foci co-ordinates and ‘p’ parameter has been presented as a solution to
a linearized least-square problem. The reconstruction algorithm is based on straightforward implementation of the theorem.
Some experimental results have also been provided indicating the success of the algorithm.
Author
Algorithms; Coding; Theorems; Foci; Shapes; Algebra
20060001718 American Telephone and Telegraph Co., NJ, USA
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech Analysis
Lee, Chin-Hui; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 8.1.1-8.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, a robust linear prediction algorithm is proposed. Rather than minimizing the sum of squared residuals as
in the conventional linear prediction procedures, the robust LP procedure minimizes the sum of appropriately weighted
residuals. The weight is a function of the prediction residual, and the cost function is selected to give more weight to the bulk
of smaller residuals while de-weighting the small portion of large residuals. Based on Robustness Theory. the proposed
algorithm will always give a more efficient (lower variance) estimate for the prediction coefficients if the excitation source is
of Gaussian mixture such that a large portion of the excitations are from a normal distribution with a very small variance while
a small portion of the excitations at the glottal openings and closures are from some unknown distribution with a much larger
variance. The robust LP algorithm can be used in the front-end feature extractor for a speech recognition system and as an
analyzer for a speech coding system. Testing on synthetic vowel data demonstrates that the robust LP procedure is able to
reduce the formant and bandwidth error rate by more than an order of magnitude compared to the conventional LP procedures.
Preliminary experiments on natural speech data indicate that the robust LP procedure is relatively insensitive to the placement
of the LPC analysis window and to the value of the pitch period, for a given section of speech signal.
Author
Speech Recognition; Prediction Analysis Techniques; Linear Prediction; Voice Data Processing; Robustness (Mathematics);
Normal Density Functions
20060001719 Indian Inst. of Tech., Madras, India
Reconstruction From Fourier Transform Phase with Applications to Speech Analysis
Yegnanarayana, B.; Tanveer Fathima, S.; Murthy, Hema A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 8.4.1-8.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
This paper addresses the problem of signal reconstruction from Fourier transform phase. In particular, we examine two
aspects of this problem. First, we discuss signal reconstruction from the phase spectrum of the short-time Fourier
transform(STFT). Next, we examine the problem of signal recovery from partial phase information. We present the results of
our studies on reconstruction from partial phase and discuss the application of these results in speech analysis and coding.
Author
Fourier Transformation; Signal Processing; Voice Data Processing
20060001736 Informasjonskontroll A/S, Asker, Norway
Objective Methods for Comparing Autoregressive Order-Determining Criteria
Holm, Sverre; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 9.6.1 - 9.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Distance measures between a reference signal and the autoregressive estimate are used as an objective reference for
comparing autoregressive order-determining criteria. The distance measures discussed are the rms log spectral deviation, its
normalized cepstral distance approximation, the normalized autoregressive transfer function error, the equivalent Itakura
distance, and the average squared prediction error. Using them it is found that the AIC criterion is one of the best criteria and
performs better than the consistent Schwartz’ and Hannan and Quinn’s criteria.
Author
Predictions; Estimates; Cepstral Analysis; Transfer Functions; Root-Mean-Square Errors
20060001739 Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, Saint Johns, Newfoundland, Canada
Extended Matrix Formulation for the Marple Algorithm
Vetter, William J.; Porsani, Milton J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 9.5.1-9.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
119

This paper had been prepared as a tutorial complement to its companion paper, the ARRAY MATRIX FOR SIGNAL
PROCESSING [I], but could not be presented in the ICASSP-86 framework. Its objective was, and it is so now, to exemplify
some of the adaptations and generalizations of matrix methods stemming from Tait’s ARRAY MATRIX theory [2]. That
theory has since been extended and consolidated as a mathematics of polyxa [3], which can abbet, we believe, the smooth
transition of vector-matrix methods into the array processing era. Through these papers we wish to encourage individual and
collective adoption of what is now called ‘extended’ matrix methods and notation, for communicating work on signal
processing and in system theory. We exemplify this here on rederivation of the remarkable MARPLE algorithm.
Author
Matrices (Mathematics); Matrix Methods; Signal Processing; Systems Analysis
20060002110 Fukui Univ., Japan
On Generalized Feussner’s Principle in a Two-graph
Matsumoto, Tadashi; Hirabayashi, Kimitaka; Nakano, Shigeyoshi; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and
Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 507-510; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MOE-58550229; MOE-60550245; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The general formulation of the generalized Feussner’s Principle in a two-graph is presented which permits the systematic
and formal classification of all the common trees with respect to an arbitrary subset E(sub s) of edges. The necessary and
sufficient condition for the above class specified by E(sub s) to be an empty set or not is given which is useful for determination
of the optimally classifiable edge-parameters for the finest classification of all the common trees of a two-graph.
Author
Classifications; Graphs (Charts); Trees (Mathematics)
20060002159 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
Architecture Considerations for High Speed Recursive Filtering
Kumar Parhi, Keshab; Wen-Lung, Chen; Messerschmitt, David G.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and
Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 374-377; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00039-86-R-0365; DCI-85-17739; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, we introduce pipeline interleaving in the incremental block-state structure for pipelined block
implementation of high sampling rate recursive digital filters. We present a new approach to the state update implementation
using a novel decomposition technique. This novel state update implementation, and the incremental output computation
(based on the incremental block-state structure) lead to an efficient implementation of pipelined block recursive digital filters
of (asymptotic) complexity linear in filter order (based on a quasi-diagonal state update matrix) and block size. The complexity
of this implementation as measured by the number of multiplications is asymptotically same as that of non-recursive systems
independent of the implementation methodology. However, for smaller block sizes, bit-level pipelined bit-serial word-parallel
implementation may lead to reduced complexity realization as compared to bit-level pipelined bit-parallel word-parallel
implementation. This comparison is assisted by the concept of an implementable delay operator introduced in this paper.
Author
Architecture (Computers); Digital Filters; Linear Filters; High Speed; IIR Filters
20060002185 Illinois Univ., Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in Linear Time
Tamassia, Roberto; Tollis, Ioannis G.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 495-498; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): RSCH-84-06-049-6; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we consider planar embeddings of n-node planar graphs in the rectilinear grid, where vertices are grid points
and edges are nonintersecting grid paths. We present a new embedding algorithm that runs in linear time. The total number
of bends in the embeddings constructed by our algorithm is very small. Furthermore, the embeddings occupy O(n(sup 2)) area,
which is the best possible in the worst case. Our results are important in the design of VLSI chips. Other applications can be
found in the areas of communication by light or microwave, transportation in space, and automatic graph drawing.
Author
Algorithms; Computational Grids; Very Large Scale Integration; Graph Theory; Edges; Embedding
120

20060002186 Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs
Rao, Vasant B.; Desai, Madhav P.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 499-502; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): SCR-RSCH-84-06-049; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we introduce the notion of eliminating a vertex from a simple undirected graph which involves addition of
edges to induce a clique (complete subgraph) among the neighbors of the given vertex and then deleting (removing) the vertex
itself and all edges incident on it. Several problems such as Gaussian Elimination, determining the equivalent conductance
between two nodes in an electrical network of resistances, and computing the transmission function between two nodes in a
relay-contact switching network can be abstractly posed as successively eliminating vertices in a weighted graph. If the
vertices of a graph are eliminated one-by-one in a certain order such that the degree of a vertex just prior to its elimination
is bounded above by an integer k. then the total number of operations involved will clearly be linear in the number of vertices
in the original graph. If such an ordering exists, we say that the graph is k-eliminable. Therefore. each of the above-mentioned
problems can be solved in linear time on k-eliminable graphs. We have shown that a graph is k-eliminable if and only if it
is a spanning subgraph of a k-tree. We also examine various properties of k-eliminable graphs. The complexity of finding the
smallest k for which a given graph is k-eliminable is unknown; however, we suggest a heuristic polynomial-time algorithm
for its solution and study its performance in a number of graphs arising in practical situations.
Author
Graphs (Charts); Gaussian Elimination; Electrical Resistance; Polynomials; Switching; Apexes
20060002228 New Mexico Inst. of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, USA, New Mexico Petroleum Recovery
Research Center, Socorro, NM, USA
Risk Reduction with a Fuzzy Expert Exploration Tool
January 2005; 286 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841420; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Incomplete or sparse data such as geologic or formation characteristics introduce a high level of risk for oil exploration
and development projects. ‘Expert’ systems developed and used in several disciplines and industries have demonstrated
beneficial results when working with sparse data. State-of-the-art expert exploration tools, relying on a database, and computer
maps generated by neural networks and user inputs, have been developed through the use of ‘fuzzy’ logic, a mathematical
treatment of imprecise or non-explicit parameters and values. Oil prospecting risk has been reduced with the use of these
properly verified and validated ‘Fuzzy Expert Exploration (FEE) Tools.’ Through the course of this project, FEE Tools and
supporting software were developed for two producing formations in southeast New Mexico. Tools of this type can be
beneficial in many regions of the U.S. by enabling risk reduction in oil and gas prospecting as well as decreased prospecting
and development costs. In today’s oil industry environment, many smaller exploration companies lack the resources of a pool
of expert exploration personnel. Downsizing, volatile oil prices, and scarcity of domestic exploration funds have also affected
larger companies, and will, with time, affect the end users of oil industry products in the U.S. as reserves are depleted. The
FEE Tools benefit a diverse group in the U.S., allowing a more efficient use of scarce funds, and potentially reducing
dependence on foreign oil and providing lower product prices for consumers.
NTIS
Assessments; Fuzzy Systems; Oil Exploration; Risk
20060002331 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA
I. Excluded Volume Effects in Ising Cluster Distributions and Nuclear II. Multifragmentation. Multiple Chance Effects
in Alpha-Particle Evaporation
Breus, D. E.; Apr. 2005; 212 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841926; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
In Part I, geometric clusters of the Ising model are studied as possible model clusters for nuclear multifragmentation. In
Part II, an explanation is offered for the recently observed oscillations in the energy spectra of particles emitted from hot
compound nuclei.
NTIS
Alpha Particles; Evaporation; Ising Model
121

20060002350
BERG2 Micro-Computer Estimation of Freeze and Thaw Depths and Thaw Consolidation
Braley, W. A.; Connor, B.; Jun. 1989; 42 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-101455; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The BERG2 microcomputer program uses a methodology similar to the Modified Berggren method (Aldrich and Paynter,
1953) to estimate the freeze and thaw depths in layered soils systems. The program also provides an estimate of the thaw
consolidation in ice rich soils. BERG2 differs from the original Modified Berggren method since it uses the actual frozen and
unfrozen material thermal properties instead of average vales. This approach improves the accuracy of the predictions.BERG2
provides an improved user interface over the original BERG program, (Braley, 1984). It also requires less input as a result of
the ability to compute many of climatic parameters from the more common data. As a result the user required input is
significantly reduced. This manual provides the user information concerning the use of BERG2, its strengths and its
limitations. It also provides a discussion of the equations used in development of the program for those who wish a better
understanding of the analysis process.
NTIS
Consolidation; Estimates; Freezing; Microcomputers
20060002364 Newcastle-upon-Tyne Univ., Newcastle, UK
Variant of the Chaum Voter-verifiable Scheme
Ryan, P. Y. A.; Oct. 2004; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-102496; CS-TR-864; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
We present a variant of Chaum’s voter veriable election scheme that preserves the essential characteristics of the original
whilst being signicantly easier to understand and implement.
NTIS
Digital Systems; Voting
20060002365 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Characterizing Network Services through Cluster-Set Variations
Bartoletti, A.; Tang, N.; Apr. 01, 2005; 18 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016408; UCRL-TR-211020; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Common Internet services can be reliably distinguished based solely upon the locations of clusters in traffic-based features
(ratios of inbound to outbound packets, ratios of packets to payloads, etc.) This capability has value in revealing the nature
of ‘hidden’ (tunneled) services and in detecting anomalous changes to known services. We provide measures of session
capture volumes sufficient to make confidence-level assertions regarding ‘unknown’ services, and outline a throughput system
for providing alarms for service anomalies.
NTIS
Characterization; Cluster Analysis; Detection; Warning Systems
20060002431 Oregon Univ., Eugene, OR, USA
Performance Technology for Tera-Class Parallel Computers: Evolution of the TAU Performance System
Malony, A. D.; Jun. 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841036; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
In this project, we proposed to create new technology for performance observation and analysis of large-scale tera-class
parallel computer systems and applications in this project. We set out to accomplish four goals. These were to provide in the
TAU performance system: (1) greater dynamics and flexibility in performance measurements, (2) increased access to
performance data during execution, (3) improved methods for performance mapping in multi-layered and mixed model
software, and (4) more comprehensive application/system performance data integration.
NTIS
Parallel Computers; Parallel Processing (Computers); Reliability Analysis
20060002476 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
DynTG: A Tool for Interactive, Dynamic Instrumentation
Schulz, M.; May, J.; Gyllenhaal, J.; Feb. 18, 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016420; UCRL-CONF-209840; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
122

With the increasing complexity of today’s systems, detailed performance analysis is more important than ever. We have
developed DynTG, a tool for interactive, dynamic instrumentation. It uses performance module plugins to reconfigure the data
acquisition and provides a source browser that allows users to insert any probe functionality provided by the modules
dynamically into the target application. Any instrumentation can be added both before and during the application’s execution
and the acquired data is presented in realtime within the source viewer. This enables users to monitor their applications’
progress and interactively control and adapt the instrumentation based on their observations.
NTIS
Reliability Analysis; Real Time Operation
20060002478 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Technical Equivalency Documentation for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
Hickman, D. P.; Fisher, S. K.; Zeman, R. A.; Hann, P. R.; May 10, 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016436; UCRL-TR-212125; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The response of a new Canberra Alpha Analyst (Chamber No.’s 101 - 124) used by the Hazards Control, Radiation Safety
Section, WBC/Spectroscopy Team has been studied with respect to an existing Canberra system. The existing Canberra system
consists of thirty six Model 7401 alpha spectrometry chambers (Chamber No.’s 1-36) and has been DOELAP qualified for
the routine Alpha Spectroscopy program used in LLNL’s in vitro bioassay program. The new Alpha Analyst system is an
automated system that is controlled by the same software and computer system as that used for the existing Canberra system.
This document compares results from the existing Alpha System with the newer Alpha Analyst system.
NTIS
Equivalence; Spectroscopy; Tables (Data)
20060002480 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation Line Beam Dump Concept
Boles, J. L.; Reyes, S.; Ahle, L. E.; Stein, W.; May 16, 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016438; UCRL-CONF-212300; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
Heavy ion and radiation transport calculations are in progress for conceptual beam dump designs for the fragmentation
line of the proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA). Using the computer code PHITS, a preliminary design of a motor-driven
rotating wheel beam dump and adjacent downstream multipole has been modeled. Selected results of these calculations are
given, including neutron and proton flux in the wheel, absorbed dose and displacements per atom in the hub materials, and
heating from prompt radiation and from decay heat in the multipole.
NTIS
Computer Programs; Fragmentation; Isotopes
20060002493 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Supercomputer Simulations Advance Science
January 2005; 36 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15014554; UCRL-TR-52000-05-1/2; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
;Contents: Features: A Passion for Computation Benefits Every Discipline; Experiment and Theory Have a New Partner:
Simulation; Russian Weapons Workers Begin New Commercial Ventures; Research Highlights: Terascale Simulation Facility:
Built for Flexibility; Mining Geothermal Resources; Departments: The Laboratory in the News; Patents and Awards and
Abstracts.
NTIS
Computerized Simulation; Research and Development; Simulation; Supercomputers; Technologies
20060002498 IPSI BgD Internet Research Society, New York, NY, USA
Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, No. 2
July 2005; 89 pp.; In English; See also 20060002499 - 20060002510; Original contains black and white illustrations;
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy
The topics covered include: An M+I+T++ Research Approach to Network-Based Mobile Education (NBME) and
Teaching-Studying-Learning Processes: Towards a Global Metamodel; Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible and
123

Exploratory Learning; Neurobiological and Transformational Learning; The Management of Personnel Collaboration for the
Improvement of Multidisciplinary Projects; A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing through Electromyography; Validation and
Usability Analysis of Intelligent Systems: An Integrated Approach; Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology for Agent
Technology; Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations; From Art to Industry: Development of Biomedical Simulators;
Performance of a Parallel Technique for Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Block-diagonal Implicit Runge-Kutta Method; An
Analysis of Student Satisfaction in Higher Education Courses Delivered Online and in the Live Classroom; and Sustainability
and Safety: The Complex System Properties.
Derived from text
Complex Systems; Electromyography; Telemedicine; Simulators; Education
20060002503 Lapland Univ., Finland
An M+I+T++ Research Approach to Network-Based Mobile Education (NBME) and Teaching-Studying-Learning
Processes: Towards a Global Metamodel
Ruokamo, Heli; Telia, Seppo; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues
in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 1-12; In English; See also 20060002498;
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
One of the principal pedagogical insights of recent years has been the recognition of the teaching-studying-learning (TSL)
processes, whose three components are equally pivotal and essential to understanding the entirety. A second innovation, which
has developed with advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs), is network-based education (NBE). In
this paper we argue that (1) it is essential to examine TSL as multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary (M+I+T++) processes and to
adopt a future orientation in doing so; that (2) the concept of NBE should be extended to include the added value brought by
network-based mobile education (NBME), and that (3) taking these first two orientations into account allows us to create the
theoretical prerequisites for better understanding the mechanisms and regularities underpinning knowledge construction in
novel operating environments that make use of technology. These arguments constitute the foundation of the global metamodel
developed in the MOMENTS project.
Author
Education; Information Systems; Cognition; Computer Networks
60
COMPUTER OPERATIONS AND HARDWARE
Includes hardware for computer graphics, firmware and data processing. For components see 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering.
For computer vision see 63 Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.
20060001596 Tellabs Research Lab., USA
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip Multichannel ADPCM Processor
Beatty, James D.; Calder, Richard D., Jr.; Farazi, Perry; Daniel, Kelly P.; Melsa, James L.; IEEE International Conference on
Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 479-482; In English; See also 20060001583;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper details the development of a single chip VLSI processor which provides fully compatible CCITT 32kbps
ADPCM transcoding. The chip is designed for multi-channel systems and is capable of processing eight independent channels
in a 125 microsecond frame. To achieve this processing power, a specialized micro-coded architecture for the ADPCM
algorithm is implemented using a full custom two micron VLSI design methodology.
Author
Very Large Scale Integration; Chips; Computer Components
20060001597 Bipolar Integrated Technology, Inc., Saratoga, CA, USA
A 15 Nanosecond Complex Multiplier-Accumulator for FFTS
Owen, Robert E.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 13.14.1-13.14.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A recently announced bipolar fabrication process provides VLSI densities of high-speed ECL gates with substantially
lower power dissipation. A multiplier-accumulator and multi-port register file have been produced with this process with
worst-case cycle times of 15-nanoseconds. This paper describes the use of this complex multiplier-accumulator’s new
124

architectural features and speed with the register file to do high bandwidth fast Fourier transforms in a variety of different
configurations.
Author
Accumulators; Bipolarity; Fabrication; High Speed
20060001598 Edinburgh Univ., UK
Techniques to Increase the Computational Throughput of Bit-Serial Architectures
Smith, S. G.; McGregor, M. S.; Denyer, P. B.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.18.1-13.18.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Three architectural techniques are reported, which accelerate bit-serial computation without compromising its favourable
advantages. In essence these techniques rely on multi-wire representations of serial data - a step towards bit-parallelism.
Interfacing techniques are developed to support the existence of domains of different throughput within a system, thereby
enhancing the range of bandwidth-matching techniques available to the systems designer. These techniques also realise the
potential to mix processing wordlengths within a serial-data system.
Author
Computation; Data Systems; Architecture (Computers)
20060001641 Motorola, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
A Split Control Store VLSI for 32 Kbps ADPCM Transcoding
Bonet, Luis; Williams, Tim A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 511-514; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes the architecture used in a 16 pin CMOS VLSI Digital Signal Processor which was designed by the
authors to perform both ANSI and CCITT versions of the ADPCM standard. The part is designed to run from a 20 MHz clock
source with an instruction cycle time of 100 ns. This design is a good example of the power of application specific DSP designs
to reduce the cost of implementing stable algorithms.
Author
Very Large Scale Integration; Digital Systems; Signal Processing; Signal Analyzers
20060001645 Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications, Paris, France
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
Demassieux, Nicolas; Concordel, Gilles; Durandeau, Jean-Pierre; Jutand, Francis; IEEE International Conference on
Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.19.1-13.19.4; In English; See also
20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This communication presents an optimized architecture providing the computation power and the versatility that are
required for the real-time processing of various blocks format (from 4x4 to 16x16) and for direct/inverse Discrete Cosine
Transform. To achieve a realistic single chip implementation, different architectures have been compared. Circuits based on
the most efficient architecture will be used for a real-time coder/decoder of color images.
Author
Very Large Scale Integration; Architecture (Computers); Optimization; Computation
20060001686 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corp., Atsugi, Japan
A Flexible Linear Array Oriented VLSI Processor for Continuous Speech Recognition
Takahashi, Jun-ichi; Kimura, Takashi; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 499-502; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A PE (Processing Element) LSI for a DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) linear array processor has been designed. In
designing this LSI, major effort has been focused on achieving regular data-flow among adjacent PEs maintaining pipelined
operation in the array. A three data channel structure, a triple buffer structure and sophisticated control schemes make it
possible for the designed LSI to carry out ESA Multiple Instruction and Multiple Data streams} and continuous pipelined
DTW processing in sync with regular pattern input. Due to the high speed real time operation, and the versatile function of
this PE-LSI, a high performance linear array processor can be constructed using a small number of PEs. The high speed
125

operation of LSI is pursuited to achieve real time processing. Continuous speech recognition with an approximate vocabulary
of 1000 words can be achieved using only 20 to 30 of these PE-LSIs.
Author
Linear Arrays; Very Large Scale Integration; Speech Recognition
20060001689 Florida Univ., FL, USA
A Reconfigurable Binary/RNS/LNS Architecture for DSP
Taylor, Fred J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 503-506; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
An integrated digital signal processing machine will accept data from a plethera of sensors and/or subsystems which may
be running at different speeds and with different precision/dynamic range metrics. Data would be manipulated using a set of
algorithms which perform a variety of filtering or transform tasks. The design of such a machine considered in this paper,
integrates recent advancements in mesh array synthesis with processor technology. The result is a high-throughput GIPS class
DSP machine capable of responding to a wide mix of system and user defined DSP problems.
Author
Binary Codes; Signal Processing; Architecture (Computers); Digital Systems
20060001692 Motorola, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI IC
Borth, David E.; Gerson, Ira A.; Haug, John R.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 515-518; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes the architecture and features of the Motorola DSP56200, an algorithm-specific cascadable digital
signal processing peripheral designed to perform the computationally intensive tasks associated with FIR and adaptive FIR
digital filtering applications. The DSP56200 is implemented in high performance, low power 1.51 micron HCMOS technology
and is available in a 28 pin DIP package. The on-chip computation unit includes a 97.5 ns 24x16-bit multiplier with a 40-bit
accumulator, a 256x24-bit coefficient RAM,and a 256x16-bit data RAM. Three modes of operation allow the part to be used
as a single FIR filter, a dual FIR filter, or a single adaptive FIR filter, with up to 256 taps/chip. In the adaptive FIR filter mode,
the part performs the FIR filtering and LMS coefficient update operations for a single tap in 195 ns, permitting use of the part
as a 19kHz sampling rate. 256 tap adaptive FIR filter, Programmable DC tan coefficient leakage and adaption coefficient
parameters in the adaptive FIR mode allow the DSP56200 to be used in a wide variety of adaptive FIR filtering applications.
The performance of the part in an echo canceller configuration will be presented. Typical applications of the part will also be
described.
Author
Cascade Control; Architecture (Computers); Signal Processing; Chips; Adaptive Filters
20060001819 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Load Latency Tolerance in Dynamically Scheduled Processors
Srinivasan, Srikanth T.; Lebeck, Alvin R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DABT63-98-1-0001; CDA-97-2637
Report No.(s): AD-A440304; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This paper provides quantitative measurements of load latency tolerance in a dynamically scheduled processor. To
determine the latency tolerance of each memory load operation, our simulations use flexible load completion policies instead
of a fixed memory hierarchy that dictates the latency. Although our policies delay load completion as long as possible, they
produce performance (instructions committed per cycle (IPC)) comparable to an ideal memory system where all loads
complete in one cycle. Our measurements reveal that to produce IPC values within 8% of the ideal memory system, between
1% and 62% of loads need to be satisfied within a single cycle and that up to 84% can be satisfied in as many as 32 cycles,
depending on the benchmark and processor configuration. Load latency tolerance is largely determined by whether an
unpredictable branch is in the load s data dependence graph and the depth of the dependence graph. Our results also show that
up to 36% of all loads miss in the level one cache yet have latency demands lower than second level cache access times. We
also show that up to 37% of loads hit in the level one cache even though they possess enough latency tolerance to be satisfied
by lower levels of the memory hierarchy.
DTIC
Computer Storage Devices; Loads (Forces)
126

20060002122 Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, USA
Dynamic Latch Design for VLSI Array Processors
Leung, Yu-Ying J.; Shanblatt, Michael; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 390-393; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Dynamic latches or registers are required for high speed, synchronous processor designs, especially using VLSI (Very
Large Scale Integration). Design parameter tradeoffs and performance results for non-testable and testable dynamic latches
specifically suited for VLSI array processors are presented. The latches are designed to be directly tessellated amid the array
of processing elements and are further modified to enable a scanning operation for built-in testability. Results indicate that the
increase in overall chip area and propagation time due to the additional scanning function are quite low and insignificant in
many design scenarios. An addition of three I/O lines is required for the scanning function. Finally, a compactness ratio is used
to represent the circuit density or complexity. Results further indicate the effect on the overall density as the number of
communication signal paths increase.
Author
Latches; Very Large Scale Integration; Data Processing
20060002178 National Chiao Tung Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan, Province of China
Design of Adaptive Electronic Hybrid for Digital Subscriber Loops
Che-Ho, Wei; Neng-An, Kuo; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 434-437;
In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC-76-0404-E009-06; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Adaptive electronic hybrid is proposed to replace the conventional fixed hybrid in the digital subscriber loop to reduce
the burden of echo canceller. The theory of adaptive electronic hybrid is briefly reviewed and its convergence characteristics
are then simulated on computer. Two design methods for hardware implementation are discussed. The hardware is
implemented and tested under stimulated line conditions. Experimental results show that the realized hardware can achieve
about 30 dB transhybrid loss.
Author
Simulators; Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation; Loops
61
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE
Includes software engineering, computer programs, routines, algorithms, and specific applications, e.g., CAD/CAM. For computer
software applied to specific applications, see also the associated category.
20060000049 Research and Technology Organization, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
Validation, Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems
October 2005; 90 pp.; In English; See also 20060000050 - 20060000055; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): RTO-TR-IST-027; AC/323(IST-027)TP/31; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01, CD-ROM: A05, Hardcopy
This report is the final report resulting from the deliberations of the NATO Research Task Group on the Validation,
Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems (IST-027/RTG-009). The report discusses the important role of embedded
systems in both the civil and military contexts. Given the importance, the validation, verification and certification (VV&C)
of such systems are of increasing concern. The report discusses the current landscape of VV&C, expected evolution, and also
identifies standards of note. The report concludes with various conclusions and recommendations drawn from the task group
s deliberations. In general terms, the Task Group found that their discussions were not specific to embedded systems; the
problems of verification, validation and certification encompass many kinds of systems. The Task Group observed that trust,
in itself, is a sociological-technical matter; it is not attained wholly through technical means. The Task Group concluded that
certification can be used successfully to increase our confidence in systems. However, that confidence could be expensive. We
have observed that certification is working with bounded problems and has been particularly successful in the Avionics arena.
However, we also note a couple of cautionary aspects to the use of certification in the military realm. Furthermore, we found
that current technical capabilities are not well developed for the verification, validation and certification of component reuse,
for the rigorous predictability of the behavior of networks and system, nor for determining the non-interference of multi-level
critical processes. Numerous research trends of VV&C methods were identified including the increasing use of Commercial-
Off-The-Shelf systems, increasing occurrence of systems of systems, an increasing number of unharmonised standards,
ongoing reality of striving for cheaper and faster systems, increasing adoption of formal modeling and analysis techniques in
127

industrial tools, and increased interest in correlating the threat space with the VV&C techniques to be used. Specifically, the
Task Group recommends to NATO that it give serious consideration to the use of goalbased approaches to the certification of
systems; that when performing VV&C of ‘critical components’ the VV&C be performed and/or assessed by an independent
third party; consider whether such parties should be accredited; that objective guidance be provided for required V&V
artifacts; that maximum freedom of IT processes and techniques be provided within the scope of the VV&C framework; and
that the certification effort reflect the criticality of the system. For highly critical systems, it is recommended that NATO insert
formal modeling and reasoning into their development processes, insert advanced static analysis techniques, and apply
extensive testing.
Author
Embedding; Certification; Correlation; Predictions; Software Engineering
20060000050 Research and Technology Organization, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
Verification and Validation: Current and Best Practice
Juristo, Natalia; Validation, Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems; October 2005, pp. 1-14; In English; See also
20060000049; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
There are numerous definitions of verification and validation. We present two well-known definitions: An IEEE standard
definition and one given by Barry Boehm, an old but very important definition within the software engineering community.
According to IEEE, Verification can mean the: 1) Act of reviewing, inspecting, testing, checking, auditing, or otherwise
establishing and documenting; whether items, processes, services or documents conform to specified requirements; 2) Process
of determining whether the products of a given phase of the software development life cycle fulfill the requirements
established during the previous phase; and; 3) Formal proof of program correctness. Validation is defined as the evaluation
of software at the end of the software development process to ensure compliance with the user requirements. Validation is,
therefore, ‘end-to-end’ verification. According to Boehm: a) Verification. Am I building the system right? b) Validation. Am
I building the right system? In the definition for validation, note that it aims to compare a system with its requirements.
Therefore, it has to do not only with quality attributes, such as functionality and reliability, but also includes non-functional
requirements.
Derived from text
Computer Programming; Software Engineering; User Requirements; Computer Programs; Functional Design Specifications;
Proving
20060000055 Adelard, LLP, London, UK
Certification
Bloomfield, Robin; Voas, Jeffrey; Validation, Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems; October 2005, pp. 6-1 -
6.5; In English; See also 20060000049; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only
as part of the entire parent document
Software certification is simply the process of generating a certificate that supports the claim that the software was either:
(1) developed in a certain manner, (2) will exhibit some set of desirable run-time characteristics, or (3) has some other static
characteristic embedded into it. For example, the certificate could simply state that a particular type of testing was applied and
to what degree or thoroughness; or the certificate could state that the software can be composed successfully with any other
software component with a certain set of predefined characteristics. Certification may be an attempt to transfer the risk to the
certifier, but in many safety situations the user of the system still remains responsible for the safety. Two key questions are
‘who does the certification?’ and ‘what is being certified?’ Turning first to the question of who performs the certification. The
process of creating a certificate is typically performed by one of three parties: by the vendor of the software, by a client of
the software, or by an independent third party that is performing the service independent of the vendor or users. Numerous
examples of third party certification occur in industries such as electronics (e.g., Underwriters Laboratory), aviation (through
designated engineering representatives), and consumer products (e.g., Consumer Reports). In industrial applications, the TUVs
(see Page E-1) dominate the market for the assessment of programmable controllers used in the process industry and are active
in railways and nuclear assessments. There are also wide ranges of certification activities that support interoperability. For
example, The Open Group certifies that Linux implementations are indeed Linux and that X-windows conform to their
standards. Other examples are protocol testing by telecom laboratories and compiler testing to demonstrate conformance with
a language definition. The rather misnamed ‘Ada validation suite’ tests for functional aspects of the compiler not all the
required attributes such as reliability. It is important to be clear by what is meant by the different kinds of certificates. To begin,
these certificates are typically done as a follow-up check to insure that certain processes were followed during development;
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these ‘process certificates’ are the first type of certification that will be discussed here. The second type of software certification
often mentioned refers to the licensing of software engineering professionals; this is still referred to as software certification
but should more appropriately be referred to as ‘professional licensing.’ The third and most important, but most difficult, claim
that a certificate can make is to discuss how the software will behave in use. This is referred to as ‘product certification’ and
that will be our focus here.
Derived from text
Certification; Software Engineering; Computer Programming; Controllers; Embedding; Interoperability; Protocol
(Computers); Systems Engineering
20060001599 California Univ., USA
Linear Feature Extraction Based on an AR Model Edge Detector
Yi-Tong, Zhou; Chellappa, Rama; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 555-558; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F-49622-85-C-0071; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Extraction of linear features is an important task in many image understanding and computer vision systems. In this paper,
we describe a linear feature extractor which operates on the edge pixels detected by a space varying2-Dautoregressive (AR)
model. The sequence of steps for extraction of linear segments consists of tracing the edge points, linking and fitting with lines.
The heuristics used in tracing and linking steps are specific to the characteristics of the AR model based edge detector. The
performance of the linear feature extractor is illustrated using real images.
Author
Two Dimensional Models; Extraction; Heuristic Methods; Linear Programming
20060001642 Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A Programmable Processor for Connected Word Speech Recognition and Other
Applications
Glinski, Stephen; Lalumia, T. Mariano; Cassiday, Dan; Koh, Taiho; Gerveshi, Christine; Wilson, Gene; Kumar, Jit; IEEE
International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.12.1 - 13.12.4;
In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A programmable VLSI processor is described for efficiently computing a variety of kernel operations for speech
recognition. These operations include dynamic programming for isolated and connected word recognition using both the
template matching approach and the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) approach, dynamic programming for natural language
models, and metric computations for vector quantization and distance measurement. As well as being able to efficiently
compute a wide class of speech processing operations, the architecture is useful in other areas such as image processing.
Working chips have been produced using 1.5 micron CMOS design rules that combine beth custom and standard cell
approaches.
Author
Dynamic Programming; Image Processing; Natural Language (Computers); Programming Languages
20060001644 Edinburgh Univ., UK
Serial/Parallel Architectures for Area-Efficient Vector Multiplication
Smith, S. G.; Denyer, P. B.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.17.1 - 13.17.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The use of standard-part multiply/accumulators in digital signal processing is often in the computation of vector products.
In the realm of custom VLSI, direct computation of vector products can result in area savings over classical multiply/
accumulate methods. A methodology is presented for composition of VLSI architectures for direct vector multiplication, based
on three fundamental computational elements. These are register, data selecter, and carry-save add-shift (CSAS) computer. The
CSAS computer is a linear array of gated carry-save adders which performs shifting accumulation of partial results. Two’s
complement serial/parallel carry-save accumulation provides performance, while the use of symmetric-coded distributed
arithmetic eliminates redundant computation to effect area-savings.
Author
Series (Mathematics); Parallel Processing (Computers); Architecture (Computers); Vector Processing (Computers)
129

20060001694 Motorola, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA
The Architecture and Application of the Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor Family
Kloker, Kevin L.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 523-526; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes the architecture and applications of the DSP56001, a RAM-based member of Motorola DSP56000
family of high performance, programmable CMOS digital signal processors. DSP56001 has 512 x 24 bits of program RAM
and special on-chip bootstrap hardware to download user programs from an external memory or host processor. DSP56001
also contains two 256 x 24 bit data and two 256 x 24 bit ROM lookup tables for Mu-law/A-law to linear data conversion and
sine/cosine functions. The processor architecture and instruction set are highly parallel, executing 10.25 million instructions
per second with a 20.5 MHz Fixed point arithmetic is performed by a 24 x 24 bit, non-pipelined multiply-accumulator with
56 bit product accumulation. Extensive I/C capability is provided by a full-speed memory expansion port, a wide host
processor interface, an asynchronous communications interface and a time division multiplexed, synchronous serial interface.
Author
Architecture (Computers); Applications Programs (Computers); Signal Processing; Digital Systems
20060001717 NYNEX Science and Technology, Inc., White Plains, NY, USA
A New Heuristic Edge Extraction Technique
Shu, Joseph S. P.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 7.20.1-7.20.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The problem of detecting intensity changes within images is canonical in computer vision. This research paper presents
a new heuristic edge extraction (HEE) technique for solving the problem. The HEE consists of the following processes:
processing, Sobel edge detection, thinning edge operation, A Iota A* algorithm (minimum-cost-searching scheme), and chain
coding. The preprocessing improves image quality to facilitate edge extraction. Sobel edge detection is used for obtaining the
spatially accurate multi-pixel-wide edges within input images. The thinning edge operation yields one-pixel-wide edges by
processing the Sobel edges. A Iota A* algorithm extracts optimal curve edge segments based on the use of both thinned edge
intensity and Sobel edge direction (i.e. gradient direction). Finally, the chain coding technique is applied to encode extracted
optimal curse edge segments. The HEE provides, therefore, spatially accurate, high-quality, and exactly one-pixel-wide edges
as system output.
Author
Edge Detection; Edges; Heuristic Methods; Extraction
20060001769 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the GSPML Language
McDermott, John P.; Oct. 31, 2005; 60 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-IT-235-007
Report No.(s): AD-A440151; NRL/MR/5540-05-8919; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This report formally defines both a syntax and a semantics for the GSPML visual language. The syntax is defined with
a hypergraph grammar and the semantics is defined with Plotkin style structural operational semantics. A decorated trace
semantics is derived from the labeled transition system of the structural operational semantics. GSPML itself is motivated by
shortcomings in the visual security modeling capabilities of the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) .
DTIC
Computer Information Security; Computer Programming; Languages; Protocol (Computers); Security; Semantics;
Simulation; Software Engineering; Syntax
20060001784 Maryland Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc Collaboration for Data Management in Mobile Wireless Networks
Ratsimor, Olga; Kodeswaran, Sethuram B.; Joshi, Anupam; Finin, Tim; Yesha, Yelena; Jan. 1, 2005; 11 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-2-0591
Report No.(s): AD-A440200; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
A mobile ad-hoc network is an autonomous system of mobile routers that are self-organizing and completely decentralized
with no requirements for dedicated infrastructure support. However, such infrastructure in terms of base stations is available
in many popular areas already. These base stations often offer high-speed data connectivity to a wired network. In this paper,
we describe an approach where a combination of infrastructure and ad hoc communication can be used to better manage the
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data needs of a mobile wireless device. In our approach, base stations track user mobility and determine data usage patterns
of users passing by. Based on this, future data needs of a mobile device can be predicted. Base stations can collaborate (over
the wired network) to identify other mobile devices with spare capacity whose routes intersect that of a needy device and use
these carriers to transport data. When such a carrier meets the needy device, they can form ad hoc per-to-peer communities
to transfer the carried data. We also present the motivation, architecture and design of NUMI, our framework for supporting
combined infrastructure and ad hoc peer-to-peer computing and prototype application built on top of this framework.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Data Management; Wireless Communication
20060001790 Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User Manual
Donovan, John M.; Jan. 1, 2004; 62 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440225; OPEN-FILE-2004-1255; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Velocity Profile Viewer (VPV) is a tool for visualizing time series of velocity profiles developed by the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS uses VPV to preview and present measured velocity data from acoustic Doppler
current profilers and simulated velocity data from three-dimensional estuarine, river, and lake hydrodynamic models. The data
can be viewed as an animated three-dimensional profile or as a stack of time-series graphs that each represents a location in
the water column. The graphically displayed data are shown at each time step like frames of animation. The animation can
play at several different speeds or can be suspended on one frame. The viewing angle and time can be manipulated using
mouse interaction. A number of options control the appearance of the profile and the graphs. VPV cannot edit or save data,
but it can create a Post-Script file showing the velocity profile in three dimensions. This user manual describes how to use each
of these features.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Manuals; Measurement; User Manuals (Computer Programs); Velocity Distribution; Water Resources
20060001791 Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA
Design of a National Streamflow Information Program: Report with Recommendations of a Committee
Bales, J. D.; Costa, J. E.; Holtschlag, D. J.; Lanfear, K. J.; Lipscomb, S.; Milly, P. C.; Viger, R.; Wolock, D. M.; Jan. 1, 2004;
49 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440226; OPEN-FILE-2004-1263; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Under NSIP, the database and software systems for receiving and processing streamflow data will move from
District-based computers to a centralized multi-server system that takes advantage of the Internet to provide high reliability
and economy of scale. Collection and review of the data can occur at locations remote from the locations used for storage and
access. The Database System will contain separate components, one each for data collection, review, routing, and archiving,
and access. The functions of both data collection and review will be performed at Data Processing Centers, whereas archiving
and access functions will be centralized at Data Access Centers, which deliver streamflow information to the public through
associated Internet interfaces.
DTIC
Data Processing; Information Systems; Measurement; Water Quality; Water Resources
20060001793 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA USA
Polymorphous Computing Architecture (PCA) Kernel-Level Benchmarks
Lebak, J.; Reuther, A.; Wong, E.; Jun. 13, 2005; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8721-05-C-0002; Proj-1084
Report No.(s): AD-A440246; ESC-TR-2005-067; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This document describes a series of kernel benchmarks for the PCA program. Each kernel bench-mark is an operation of
importance to DoD sensor applications making use of a PCA architecture. Many of these operations are a part of the composite
example application described elsewhere 11. The kernel-level benchmarks have been chosen to stress both computation and
communication aspects of the architecture. ‘Computation’ aspects include floating-point and integer performance, as well as
the memory hierarchy, while the ‘communication’ aspects include the network, the memory hierarchy, and the I/O capabilities.
The particular benchmarks chosen are based on the frequency of their use in current and future applications. They are drawn
from the areas of signal processing, communication, and information and knowledge processing. The specification of the
131

enchmarks in this document is meant to be high-level and largely independent of the implementation.
DTIC
Architecture (Computers); Kernel Functions; Polymorphism
20060001818 Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH USA
Solar: A Pervasive-Computing Infrastructure for Context-Aware Mobile Applications
Chen, Guanling; Kotz, David; Feb. 28, 2002; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-98-2-0107; F49620-97-1-03821
Report No.(s): AD-A440303; TR-2002-421; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Emerging pervasive computing technologies transform the way we live and work by embedding computation in our
surrounding environment. To avoid increasing complexity, and allow the user to concentrate on her tasks, applications must
automatically adapt to their changing context, the physical and computational environment in which they run. To support these
context-aware applications we propose a graph-based abstraction for collecting, aggregating, and disseminating context
information. The abstraction models context information as events, which are produced by sources, flow through a directed
acyclic graph of event-processing operators, and are delivered to subscribing applications. Applications describe their desired
event stream as a tree of operators that aggregate low-level context information published by existing sources into the
high-level context information needed by the application. The operator graph is thus the dynamic combination of all
applications subscription trees. In this paper, we motivate our graph abstraction by discussing several applications under
development, sketch the architecture of our system ( Solar ) that implements our abstraction, report some early experimental
results from the prototype, and outline issues for future research.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Military Operations; Planning
20060001827 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Techniques to Improve the Performance of Software-Based Distributed Shared Memory Systems
Chu, Churngwei; Aug. 1, 1998; 122 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-96-1-0320; CCR-94-11590
Report No.(s): AD-A440326; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Software distributed shared-memory systems are able to provide programmers with the illusion of global shared memory
on networked workstations without special hardware support. This thesis identifies two problems with such systems: (1) poor
application programming interfaces (APIs) for programmers who need to solve complicated synchronization problems, and
(2) inefficiencies in traditional multiple writer protocols. The author proposes a solution to both of these problems: the
introduction of user-definable, high-level synchronization primitives to provide a better API, and the single-owner protocol to
provide efficiency. To accommodate user-definable high-level synchronization primitives, a variant of release consistency also
is proposed. User-definable, high-level synchronization primitives provide a paradigm for users to define their own
synchronization primitives instead of relying on traditional low-level synchronization primitives, such as barriers and locks.
The single-owner protocol reduces the number of messages from OMICRON (n (exp2)) messages (the number of messages
needed in the multiple-owner protocol) to THETA (n) messages when there are first n writers writing to a page and then n
readers reading the page. Unlike some multiple-owner protocols, in the single-owner protocol garbage collection is performed
asynchronously, and the size of a message for doing memory update is smaller in most cases. The author also evaluates the
tradeoffs between the single-owner protocol and multiple-owner protocols. He has found that in most cases the single-owner
protocol uses fewer messages than multiple-owner protocols, but there are some computations that may perform better with
some multiple-owner protocols. To combine the advantages of both protocols, he proposes a hybrid owner protocol that can
be used to increase the efficiency in an adaptive way, with some pages managed by the single-owner protocol and some by
a multiple-owner protocol.
DTIC
Application Programming Interface; Computer Networks; Computer Programming; Distributed Memory; Distributed
Processing; Memory (Computers); Optimization; Protocol (Computers)
20060001828 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation on the World Wide Web
Karaul, Mehmet; May 1, 1998; 142 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-96-1-0320; CCR-94-11590
Report No.(s): AD-A440327; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
132

Load balancing, fault-tolerance, and scalability play an important role in distributed computing. They are of interest for
many distributed systems problems as well as for many problems in other areas. Collaborative applications, for example, need
to provide some level of fault tolerance to allow for failures of participants’ machines. In networking, as another example,
techniques are needed to balance the load offered to network links and to tolerate machine failures. In this dissertation, the
author presents three projects with different goals to which all or some of these issues are relevant, and presents different ways
to address them. The main focus will be on the World Wide Web, but the techniques presented here are not restricted to it.
The Web can be viewed as a large, unreliable, distributed platform composed of different machines with different speeds that
may slow down, speed up, and crash-fail at any time, and networks with different capacities that may get congested and
partitioned. All of these factors make the Web a very challenging environment. The projects the author presents range from
resource allocation, to parallel computing, to infrastructure support for collaborative applications. The dissertation is organized
as follows: first the author presents WebSeAl and discusses how it addresses scalability, load balancing, and fault masking in
Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, he will describe Charlotte and the techniques it uses to deal with machines of different speeds and
crash-failed machines. In Chapter 4, he presents an infrastructure Web-based application which contains various aspects
relating to scalability and fault masking.
DTIC
Allocations; Client Server Systems; Distributed Processing; Grid Computing (Computer Networks); Internets; Parallel
Processing (Computers); Resource Allocation; World Wide Web
20060001830 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract Data Types
Laufer, Konstantin; Jul. 1, 1992; 147 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-90-J1110; N00014-91-5-1472
Report No.(s): AD-A440329; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Many statically typed programming languages provide an abstract data type construct, such as the package in Ada, the
cluster in CLU, and the module in Modula2. However, in most of these languages, instances of abstract data types are not
first-class values, and they cannot be assigned to a variable, passed as a function parameter, or returned as a function result.
The higher-order functional language ML has a strong and static type system with parametric polymorphism. In addition, ML
provides type reconstruction and does not require type declarations for identifiers. Although the ML module system supports
abstract data types, their instances cannot be used as first-class values for type-theoretic reasons. In this thesis, the author
describes a family of extensions of ML. While retaining ML’s static type discipline, type reconstruction, and most of its
syntax, he adds significant expressive power to the language by incorporating first-class abstract types as an extension of ML’s
free algebraic data types. In particular, he is now able to express multiple implementations of a given abstract type,
heterogeneous aggregates of different implementations of the same abstract type, and dynamic dispatching of operations with
respect to the implementation type. Following Mitchell and Plotkin, he formalizes abstract types in terms of existentially
quantified types, and proves that this type system is semantically sound with respect to a standard denotational semantics. He
then presents an extension of Haskell, a non-strict functional language that uses type classes to capture systematic overloading.
This language results from incorporating existentially quantified types into Haskell and gives first-class abstract types with
type classes as their interfaces. One can now express heterogeneous structures over type classes. The language is statically
typed and offers comparable flexibility to object-oriented languages.
DTIC
Computer Programming; High Level Languages; Inference; Optimization; Polymorphism; Programming Languages;
Semantics
20060001836 Aptima, Inc., Woburn, MA USA
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation: Developing a Synthetic Team Task for AWACS Weapons Directors
Hess, Stephen M.; MacMillan, Jean; Serfaty, Daniel; Elliott, Linda; Jan. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F41624-98-C-6010
Report No.(s): AD-A440345; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
To effectively study team variables as they impact performance in a particular domain, it is possible to develop medium
fidelity simulations that abstract some details of the performance environment while maintaining others. This paper reports the
results of a successful effort to create a synthetic task environment that captures key elements of a team task based on
Cognitive Task Analysis of the important features of the task from a teamwork and cognition viewpoint. The authors studied
the performance of AWACS Weapons Director (WD) teams and, based on the CTA data collected and insights from
133

contemporary team theory, adapted an existing base simulation to mimic many of the crucial details of the task and its
teamwork demands. The DDD simulator is a unique software tool set and computer system developed to study issues of
distributed situation assessment and resource allocation in a dynamic team environment. As of this writing, the authors have
run collected data using the DDD AWACS task and knowledgeable cadets from the U.S. Air Force Academy. They are in the
process of demonstrating that it is possible to strike a balance between highly complex, large-scale, high fidelity simulations
on the one hand, and over-controlled, overly simple laboratory research tasks on the other. Results of the research will inform
team theory, system and organizational design, and continued research in the laboratory and field.
DTIC
AWACS Aircraft; Command and Control; Decision Making; Distributed Interactive Simulation; Education; Human
Performance; Mental Performance; Tasks; Teams
20060001837 Air Force Research Lab., Brooks AFB, TX USA
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations of C2 Performance
Entin, Eileen B.; Serfaty, Daniel; Elliott, Linda R.; Schiflett, Samuel G.; Jan. 1, 2001; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains
color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440346; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The authors describe the first phase of a collaborative research program that leveraged emerging capabilities of the
internet to connect a distributed PC-based synthetic task environment system for the purpose of research in distributed team
training and decision making. Using an internet-based version of the dynamic distributed decision making (DDD) paradigm,
16 participants from four multidisciplinary research groups (Brooks AFB, University of South Florida, University of Central
Florida, and Aptima, Inc.) were connected and performed in a team-on-teams C2 scenario. Observers at the sites viewed
scenario play in real time, and communicated with one another via voice and e-mail. Immediately following the end of
scenario play, team performance assessments were collected, integrated, and distributed back to all participants for use in an
after-action review. This infrastructure will provide the means to investigate issues related to effectiveness in military
distributed mission training (DMT) systems, including integration of training goals; use of constructed forces; training content,
sequencing, and delivery; scenario fidelity; distributed online performance assessment; and interventions to improve learning
and performance in mission planning, execution, and debriefing. The internet-enabled DDD provides a collaborative training
space for investigation of these DMT issues while permitting experimental control, unrestricted data analysis, and cooperative
research across distributed sites.
DTIC
Command and Control; Decision Making; Distributed Interactive Simulation; Education; Internets
20060001850 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Composition of Conditional Random Fields for Transfer Learning
Sutton, Charles; Mccallum, Andrew; Jan. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440381; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Many learning tasks have subtasks for which much training data exists. Therefore, we want to transfer learning from the
old, general-purpose subtask to a more specific new task, for which there is often less data. While work in transfer learning
often considers how the old task should affect learning on the new task, in this paper we show that it helps to take into account
how the new task affects the old. Specifically, we perform joint decoding of separately-trained sequence models, preserving
uncertainty between the tasks and allowing information from the new task to affect predictions on the old task. On two
standard text data sets, we show that joint decoding outperforms cascaded decoding.
DTIC
Computer Assisted Instruction; Systems Engineering
20060001858 Aptima, Inc., Woburn, MA USA
Congruence of Human Organizations and Missions: Theory versus Data
Levchuk, Georgiy M.; Kleinman, David L.; Ruan, Sui; Pattipati, Krishna R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 19 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440392; N00014-00-1-0101; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper, the authors present a methodology for quantifying the degree of fit between a mission and an organization
based on the closeness between the task structure (i.e., resource requirements and task interdependence) and the Decision
Maker-asset (DM) allocation across the organization (i.e., amount and distribution of resource capabilities among DMs and
134

organizational processes). This closeness is based on three main characteristics of organizational performance: workload
balance, communication requirements, and DM-DM dependence. These characteristics are affected, in turn, by the interactions
and interdependencies of the organizational processes and the demands of the mission scenario. Invariably, coordination is
essential to achieve good performance because the information required for decision making is often distributed. However,
excessive DM-DM communication and coordination are harmful to performance, since they increase the processing
workload/overhead that delays task execution. Performance improvements can be obtained by changing the structure and
processes of an organization to decrease the requisite coordination, while balancing the levels of workload across the
organization and reducing inter-DM dependence.
DTIC
Command and Control; Computerized Simulation; Congruences; Organizations
20060001880 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Breaking the Resource Bottleneck for Multilingual Parsing
Hwa, Rebecca; Resnik, Philip; Weinberg, Amy; Jan. 1, 2005; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): FCPO.810548265
Report No.(s): AD-A440432; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We propose a framework that enables the acquisition of annotation-heavy resources such as syntactic dependency tree
corpora for low-resource languages by importing linguistic annotations from high-quality English resources. We present a
large-scale experiment showing that Chinese dependency trees can be induced by using an English parser, a word alignment
package, and a large corpus of sentence-aligned bilingual text. As a part of the experiment, we evaluate the quality of a Chinese
parser trained on the induced dependency treebank. We find that a parser trained in this manner out-performs some simple
baselines inspite of the noise in the induced treebank. The results suggest that projecting syntactic structures from English is
a viable option for acquiring annotated syntactic structures quickly and cheaply. We expect the quality of the induced treebank
to improve when more sophisticated filtering and error-correction techniques are applied.
DTIC
Linguistics; Parsing Algorithms
20060001907 New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM USA
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A Study of PadPrints
Hightower, Ron R.; Ring, Laura T.; Helfman, Jonathan I.; Bederson, Benjamin B.; Hollan, James D.; Nov. 1, 1998; 9 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-94-C-6039
Report No.(s): AD-A440514; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We have implemented a browser companion called PadPrints that dynamically builds a graphical history-map of visited
web pages. PadPrints relies on Pad++, a zooming user interface (ZUI) development substrate, to display the history-map using
minimal screen space. PadPrints functions in conjunction with a traditional web browser but without requiring any browser
modifications. We performed two usability studies of PadPrints. The first addressed general navigation effectiveness. The
second focused on history-related aspects of navigation. In tasks requiring returns to prior pages, users of PadPrints completed
tasks in 61.2% of the time required by users of the same browser without PadPrints. We also observed significant decreases
in the number of pages accessed when using PadPrints. Users found browsing with PadPrints more satisfying than using
Netscape alone.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Graphical User Interface; Navigation
20060001909 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured Graphics
Bederson, Benjamin B.; Grosjean, Jesse; Meyer, Jon; Jan. 1, 2003; 40 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-94-C-6039
Report No.(s): AD-A440520; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper, we analyze three approaches to building graphical applications with rich user interfaces. We compare
hand-crafted custom code to polylithic and monolithic toolkit-based solutions. Polylithic toolkits follow a design philosophy
similar to 3D scene graphs supported by toolkits including Java3D and OpenInventor. Monolithic toolkits are more akin to
2D Graphical User Interface toolkits such as Swing or MFC. We describe Jazz (a polylithic toolkit) and Piccolo (a monolithic
135

toolkit), each of which we built to support interactive 2D structured graphics applications in general, and Zoomable User
Interface applications in particular. We examine the trade-offs of each approach in terms of performance, memory
requirements, and programmability. We conclude that, for most applications, a monolithic-based toolkit is more effective than
either a hand-crafted or a polylithic solution for building interactive structured graphics, but that each has advantages in certain
situations.
DTIC
Computer Graphics; Design Analysis; Software Development Tools
20060001911 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Dynamic Ontologies on the Web
Heflin, Jeff; Hendler, James; Jan. 1, 2000; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAL01-97-K-0135
Report No.(s): AD-A440528; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
We discuss the problems associated with managing ontologies in distributed environments such as the Web. The Web
poses unique problems for the use of ontologies because of the rapid evolution and autonomy of web sites. We present SHOE,
a web-based knowledge representation language that supports multiple versions of ontologies. We describe SHOE in the terms
of a logic that separates data from ontologies and allows ontologies to provide different perspectives on the data. We then
discuss the features of SHOE that address ontology versioning, the effects of ontology revision on SHOE web pages, and
methods for implementing ontology integration using SHOE’s extension and version mechanisms.
DTIC
Hierarchies; Internets; Programming Languages; Structured Programming
20060001919 Memphis Univ., Memphis, TN USA
Intelligent Security Console Architecture
Dasgupta, Dipankar; Oct. 1, 2005; 117 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-2-0514; DARPA ORDER J807; Proj-IAST
Report No.(s): AD-A440573; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2005-354; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
This report addresses the design of an Intelligent Security Console equipped with Intrusion Detection Message Exchange
Format (IDMEF) Objects’ data mining for the DARPA Ultra*Log Program. It supports the scalable Monitoring and Response
security console architecture. The Data Mining capability requires scalability of message management, that has been ensured
through incorporation of an XML Database (eXist). Security console is used to query for IDMEF alerts generated across the
society by various sensors (including COTS). The results are shown as a tree with the structure corresponding to the security
communities’ hierarchy in getting the society status through queries and alert messages. The latest version (4.1) of the security
console is designed to mine frequent patterns in Intrusion attacks with an XML repository for collecting and organizing alerts
and event messages. This ensures scalability and organized storage of voluminous information over a period of time.
DTIC
Consoles; Data Bases; Message Processing; Security
20060001924 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Enforcing Resource Sharing Agreements Among Distributed Server Clusters
Zhao, Tao; Karamcheti, Vijay; Jan. 1, 2001; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440591; NYU-TR-2001-818; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Future scalable, high throughput, and high performance applications are likely to execute on platforms constructed by
clustering multiple autonomous distributed servers, with resource access governed by agreements between the owners and
users of these servers. As an example, application service providers (ASPs) can pool their resources together according to
pre-specified sharing agreements to provide better services to their customers. Such systems raise several new resource
management challenges, chief amongst which is the enforcement of agreements to ensure that, despite the distributed nature
of both requests and resources, user requests only receive a predetermined share of the aggregate resource and that the
resources of a participant are not misused. Current solutions only enforce such agreements at a coarse granularity and in a
centralized fashion, limiting their applicability for general workloads. This paper presents an architecture for the distributed
enforcement of resource sharing agreements. Our approach exploits a uniform application-independent representation of
agreements, and combines it with efficient time-window based coordinated queuing algorithms running on multiple nodes. We
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have successfully implemented this general strategy in two different network layers: a layer-7 HTTP redirector and a layer-4
packet redirector, which redirect connection requests from distributed clients to a cluster of distributed servers. Our
measurements of both implementations verify that our approach is general and effective: different client groups receive service
commensurate with their agreements.
DTIC
Computer Programming; Computers; Software Engineering
20060001927 Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH USA
Economic Markets as a Means of Open Mobile-Agent Systems
Bredin, Jonathan; Kotz, David; Rus, Daniela; May 1, 1999; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-95-1-1204; F49620-97-1-0382
Report No.(s): AD-A440603; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Mobile-agent systems have gained popularity in use because they ease the application design process by giving software
engineers greater flexibility. Although the value of any network is dependent on both the number of users and the number of
sites participating in the network, there is little motivation for systems to donate resources to arbitrary agents. We propose to
remedy the problem by imposing an economic market on mobile-agent systems where agents purchase resources from host
sites and sell services to users and other agents. Host sites accumulate revenues, which are distributed to users to be used to
launch more agents. We argue for the use of markets to regulate mobile-agent systems and discuss open issues in implementing
market-based mobile-agent systems.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Economics; Market Research; Marketing
20060002030 Geological Survey, Washington, DC USA
The National Water-Quality Assessment Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System (IDAS) Software: Version 3
(User’s Manual)
Cuffney, Thomas F.; Jan. 1, 2003; 115 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440224; USGS-03-172; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Invertebrate Data Analysis System (IDAS) software provides an accurate, consistent, and efficient mechanism for
analyzing invertebrate data collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program and stored in the Biological
Transactional Database (Bio-TDB). The IDAS software is a stand-alone program for personal computers that run Microsoft
(MS) Windows . It allows users to read data downloaded from Bio-TDB and stored either as MS Excel or MS Access files.
The program consists of five modules. The Edit Data module allows the user to subset, combine, delete, and summarize
community data. The Data Preparation module allows the user to select the type(s) of sample(s) to process, calculate densities,
delete taxa based on laboratory processing notes, combine lifestages or keep them separate, select a lowest taxonomic level
for analysis, delete rare taxa, and resolve taxonomic ambiguities. The Calculate Community Metrics module allows the user
to calculate over 130 community metrics, including metrics based on organism tolerances and functional feeding groups. The
Calculate Diversities and Similarities module allows the user to calculate nine diversity and eight similarity indices. The Data
export module allows the user to export data to other software packages and produce tables of community data that can be
imported into spreadsheet and word-processing programs. Though the IDAS program was developed to process invertebrate
data downloaded from USGS databases, it will work with other data sets that are converted to the USGS (Bio-TDB) format.
Consequently, the data manipulation, analysis, and export procedures provided by the IDAS program can be used by anyone
involved in using benthic macroinvertebrates in applied or basic research.
DTIC
Computer Programs; Data Processing; Invertebrates; User Manuals (Computer Programs); Water Quality
20060002035 National War Coll., Washington, DC USA
In Pursuit of Automated Command and Control: The Army vs. OSD
Sielski, Timothy J.; Jan. 1, 1994; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440546; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The US Army has been trying to automate its tactical command and control process since the beginning of the last decade.
Pursuit of this goal took the form of an acquisition program for the development and fielding of an integrated
hardware/software system designed to meet the requirements of deployed tactical units. Known as the Maneuver Control
System, or MCS, this automated system, has yet to be fielded in any useful form to Army units after over 10 years of
137

developmental effort. This paper illuminates the Department of Defense (DOD) acquisition process as it applies to MCS and
shows how the interests of DOD officials became arrayed against Army intentions to develop and field the MCS system.
Allison’s ‘bureaucratic politics’ model will guide the analysis and illustrate some reasons for the fielding delay. The Maneuver
Control System is a software application designed to automate the command and control information process for the force
level commander and his staff both in a tactical environment and in garrison. The software is designed to run units on Army
standard computer hardware, itself in a parallel development effort. MCS is envisioned to gather, correlate and focus battlefield
information from the five functional areas indigenous to Army operations. These functional areas are; Maneuver, Fire Support,
Air Defense, Intelligence, and Combat Service Support or logistics. Tactical communications links provide the connectivity
between MCS computers allowing them to function in a network. be refined into a precise document describing the system
requirements. This requirements document, after gaining departmental approval, must then be expanded into a technical
specification, which, after solicitation, can be translated into a development contract. Once prototypes are produced, a detailed
series of tests are conducted to determine if the capabilities delivered meet the system requirements.
DTIC
Command and Control; Communication Networks; Computer Programs
20060002074 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
A Development of Experimental Environments ‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing Internet Security Incidents
Miwa, Shinsuke; Ohno, Hirotuki; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special
Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 23-34; In English; See also 20060002073;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Security incidents are growing significantly on a daily basis in the internet world causing considerable damage. To protect
against these incidents, some protection mechanisms or softwares have come to be used. Each time a new attacking method
or virus or worm appears, it must be analyzed in detail since such protection mechanism or software requires detailed
information on that. However, these incidents are sophisticated because is scale is enlarged and supervened incidents cause
many interactions, which make it difficult to acquire such in-depth information. To analyze sophisticated incidents, we
developed experimental environments for reproducing internet security incidents. In this paper, we report on the development
of our reproducing environments called ‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’
Author
Internets; Computer Security; Protection; Damage; Computer Viruses
20060002077 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Japan
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure Overlay Networks
Kadobayashi, Youki; Nakao, Koji; Takizawa, Osamu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, No. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 13-21; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Recently, overlay networks are gaining attention as a means to eliminate single point of failure in the application layer.
This paper focuses on secure routing in overlay networks. A threat model is presented, along with our countermeasure
proposal. Our proposal consists of blind forwarding, distributed trust anchor, and probabilistic testing. Unlike previous
contributions on this topic, our proposal is based on trust anchor. Furthermore, we attempt to reconstruct the threat model,
based on the insights gained from previous contributions. We also briefly describe our phase-1 development efforts of a
software framework that implements essential functions of secure overlay. Our software framework attempts to address
application-specific threat models.
Author
Design Analysis; Computer Networks; Countermeasures; Applications Programs (Computers)
20060002090 Mitsubishi Research Inst., Inc., Tokyo, Japan
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program by Static Detection
Nakamura, Goichi; Murase, Ichiro; Makino, Kyoko; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 35-41; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Buffer-overflow is the most dangerous vulnerability implicit in C programs. whether a Buffer-oveflow emerges or not in
the program runtime, is depend upon inputs of the C program. We developed algorithms and tools to detect buffer-overflows,
not accidentally partial detection by monitoring program runtime situation, but exhaustively detection by static-analysis of C
138

source code before the program run. The exhaustively detection is the detection of, not only the source code position where
a Buffer-overflow emerges, but also the essential source code structure makes the Buffer-overflow vulnerability.
Author
Detection; Source Programs; Vulnerability
20060002094 Yaskawa Information Systems Corp., Japan
Log Management System Based on Distributed Database Using P2P Network
Kamio, Masakazu; Ishida, Tsunetake; Hakoda, Takahisa; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 53-63; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
It is necessary to investigate the phenomena in order to perform the countermeasures to illegal access on computer
network, and it is aimed against the logs from network nodes. Now these investigations and analysis greatly depend on
network administrators with advanced technology. But the number of the nodes is increasing along with the computer network
expansion, and the investigations are becoming more difficult. So we are researching and developing the log management
system based on the distributed database, which enables efficient log management and analysis under the large-scale network
environment.
Author
Computer Networks; Management Analysis; Network Analysis; Countermeasures; Management Systems
20060002095 NTT Advanced Technology Corp., Tokyo, Japan
The Mathematics Models and an Actual Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
Suzuki, Ayako; Matsushima, Ryu; Ohmuro, Manabu; Nishiyama, Shigeru; Ohmori, Keisuke; Kawabata, Mariko; Kai,
Toshifumi; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information
Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 65-74; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
IP traceback is a technique that searches DDoS attackers. There are many kinds of IP traceback methods. The performance
of IP traceback system can mainly evaluate using a race time and the error rate of the trace result. In this paper, we propose
mathematical models of typical IP traceback methods, which are ICMP, IPPM, HASH, and an UDP and AS traceback method
newly proposed. And, we estimate the time required to trace. And, we analyze reliability features of these. False positive rate
are evaluation parameters of the reliability. And, we analyze mathematical models. Then we compare the predicted value with
the measured values using the actual large network for verification.
Author
Mathematical Models; Proving; Tracers; Error Detection Codes
20060002157 Iowa Univ., Iowa City, IA, USA
Convergence in Neural Memories
Dasgupta, Soura; Ghosh, Anjan; Cuykendal, Robert; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume
2; 1987, pp. 366-369; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper considers convergence properties of the Hopfield retrieval algorithm for neural memory models. In this case,
a memory stored in the network by an appropriate choice of connections is retrieved by setting the neural outputs to the binary
pattern of the recall key (probe), and allowing the network to converge to a stable state. Precise conditions are developed
which ensure that all stored memories are fixed points of the retrieval algorithm. Nest, an orthogonality-nearness criterion is
obtained for a memory probe itself to be a stationary point, and thus outside the error-correcting capability of the memory.
Finally, a local stability result quantifies the spatial relationship required for fast convergence.
Author
Convergence; Memory; Data Retrieval; Algorithms
20060002160 Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of Parallel Signal Processors
Thaler, M.; Loeffler, Ch.; Moschytz, G. S.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 378-381; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a method for the programming and evaluation of parallel signal-processor architectures based on a
data flow representation of signal-processing algorithms. The constant data flow, which is a special property of most
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signal-processing algorithms, allows the scheduling and resource allocation to be done at compile time, rather than at run time
as in usual data flow systems. Therefore hardware requirements can be kept low. Because of the special kind of algorithms
we are dealing with, it is possible to use techniques from the field of operations research for i. the evaluation of the minimum
computation time exploiting the inherent parallelism of a given algorithm and ii. the schedule optimization under limited
resources or other resource constraints.
Author
Parallel Processing (Computers); Architecture (Computers); Signal Processing; Signal Analyzers; Information Flow;
Operations Research
20060002184 Concordia Univ., Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Structure of the Submarking Reachability Problem and Network Programming
Thulasiraman, K.; Comeau, Marc A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 487-490; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Using a linear programming formulation, a solution to the submarking reachability problem for marked graphs is
presented. In both capacitated and uncapacitated cases the problem reduces to that of testing feasibility of the dual
transshipment problem of operations research. An algorithm called REACH is presented for the feasibility testing problem and
its worst-case time complexity is O(mn), where m and n are, respectively, the number of edges and the number of nodes in
the marked graph.
Author
Linear Programming; Computer Networks; Algorithms; Operations Research; Feasibility
20060002286 Mitre Corp., USA
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion Prevention Systems (HIPS)
Coover, Edwin R.; Thomson, Duncan; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-31; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
This report was undertaken as part of CAASD’s Information Security Systems (ISS) technology research for the Federal
Aviation Administration’s (FAA) National Airspace System (NAS). The evaluation of Host Intrusion Prevention Systems
(HIPS) was one part of a broader investigation in assessing the potential for an ‘adaptive quarantine,’ whereby a wide variety
of attacks on NAS networks and computers could be identified, isolated and defeated. Sana’s assessment was that
anomaly-based product required ‘training’ in what was expected to be ‘normal’ patterns, primary response generated many
false alerts (Type 1 errors). Sana also failed to catch a number of known Solaris exploits (Type II errors) One of these failures
was due to the fact that they were running an early version of Solaris 8. MITRE concluded that Sana’s product was immature;
not recommended for an FAA pilot implementation. CASA’s assessment was that like Sana’s Primary Response, there are
coverage issues, with CSA currently limited to Windows, Solaris and Linux. CSA is extremely complex with literally hundreds
of rule and configuration options. CSA passed all CAASD tests. CAASD believes that CSA is worthy of being called a
‘Host-based Intrusion Prevention System’ (HIPS).
Derived from text
Intrusion; Prevention; Warning Systems; Computer Programming; Protection
20060002289 Frequentis G.m.b.H., Vienna, Austria
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric Operations
Prinz, Johannes; Kampichler, Wolfgang; Kurth, Christoph; Osrael, Johannes; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated
Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 18 pp.; In English; See
also 20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from
CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
Netcentric Operations is a buzz word emerging from the defense community. It refers to an operational concept which
is based on having the same level of service literally from anywhere. Although being an operational concept. netcentric
operations heavily rely on powerful technical solutions for information exchange and service architecture. The latest
development showed that IP-solutions are also going to expand into the area of safety critical voice communication systems.
This paper elaborates two aspects of the implications of introducing IP based communication systems on a system and
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architectural level. Separating the communication service, which is purely the IP packet from application services, which
include A/G and G/G voice services, is one issue that shall be displayed. The second topic discusses various service discover
frameworks and evaluates their usability in SIP-based environments. The Service Location Protocol (SLP) has been chosen
as best-fitting protocol due to its lightweight character, platform and programming language independence and its
non-proprietary and open standard.
Derived from text
Position (Location); Programming Languages; Protocol (Computers)
20060002344 ISRO Satellite Centre, Peenya, Bangalore, India
Simulation of Piezoelectric Effect in Nastran: Experimental and Analytical Estimation of Dynamic Response of a
Circular Plate
Kamat, S. M.; Badari Narayana, K.; Kanade, Vivekanand S.; Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume 15, No. 2; July 2005,
pp. 31-39; In English; See also 20060002338; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Smart materials and structures are extensively used in a various engineering fields including aerospace, heavy
engineering, civil engineering and domestic appliances, Of the various smart materials piezo electric are widely used for both
sensing and actuation applications. Currently, only a few general-purpose softwares are available with built-in smart element
(piezo) capability. It is possible to use of the software as well, by using initial strain concepts. This paper brings out the
simulation of the piezoelectric effect i 1D and 2D NASTRAN elements. The concept of the thermal strain (or equivalent force)
is used to simulate the strain generated by the piezo element in NASTRAN elements. Using this principle, the dynamic
response of a circular plate excited by a piezo crystal is obtained and the present solutions are compared with experimental
results.
Author
Nastran; Piezoelectricity; Circular Plates
20060002407 Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek, The Hague, Netherlands
Vision for a future diagnostic architecture
Keijer, W.; Gillis, M. P. W.; Loo, S. v.d.; July 2005; 31 pp.; In Dutch; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): TNO Proj. 33455
Report No.(s): TD2005-0302; TNO-DV1 2005 A022; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Due to the increasing complexity and integration of modem ship systems, diagnosis of system failures becomes
increasingly difficult. To this end, tools must be developed to assist the maintainers of the systems in diagnosis and repair tasks.
This report outlines an architecture for the development of such tools. Furthermore, the impact this architecture has on the
knowledge management organization has been assessed.
Author
Architecture (Computers); Support Systems; System Failures
20060002450 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA USA
Automatic Parallelization: An Incremental, Optimistic, Practical Approach
Schwartz, Naftali; Sep. 1, 1999; 102 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440521; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The historic focus of Automatic Parallelization efforts has been limited in two ways. First, parallelization has generally
been attempted only on codes which can be proven to be parallelizeable. Unfortunately, the requisite dependence analysis is
undecidable, and today’s applications demonstrate that this restriction is more than just theoretical. Second, parallel program
generation has generally been geared to custom multi-processing hardware. Although a network of workstations (NOW) could
in principle be harnessed to serve as a multiprocessing platform, the NOW has characteristics which are at odds with elective
utilization. This thesis shows that by restricting our attention to the important domain of ‘embarrassingly parallel’ applications,
leveraging existing scalable and efficient network services, and carefully orchestrating a synergy between compile-time
transformations and a small runtime system, we can achieve a parallelization that not only works in the face of inconclusive
program analysis, but is also efficient for the NOW. We optimistically parallelize loops whose memory access behavior is
unknown, relying on the runtime system to provide efficient detection and recovery in the case of an overly optimistic
transformation. Unlike previous work in speculative parallelization, we provide a methodology which is not tied to the Fortran
language, making it feasible as a generally useful approach. Our runtime system implements Two-Phase Idempotent Eager
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Scheduling (TIES) for efficient network execution, providing an Automatic Parallelization platform with performance
scalability for the NOW.
DTIC
Parallel Processing (Computers); Optimization
20060002491 Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH USA
The Virtual Microscope
Catalyurek, Umit; Beynon, Michael D.; Chang, Chialin; Kurc, Tahsin; Sussman, Alan; Saltz, Joel; Jan. 1, 2005; 18 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-97-C-8534
Report No.(s): AD-A440466; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
We present the design and implementation of the Virtual Microscope, a software system employing a client/server
architecture to provide a realistic emulation of a high power light microscope. The system provides a form of completely
digital telepathology, allowing simultaneous access to archived digital slide images by multiple clients. The main problem the
system targets is storing and processing the extremely large quantities of data required to represent a collection of slides. The
Virtual Microscope client software runs on the end user’s PC or workstation, while database software for storing, retrieving
and processing the microscope image data runs on a parallel computer or on a set of workstations at one or more potentially
remote sites. We have designed and implemented two versions of the data server software. One implementation is a
customization of a database system framework that is optimized for a tightly coupled parallel machine with attached local
disks. The second implementation is component-based, and has been designed to accommodate access to and processing of
data in a distributed, heterogeneous environment. We also have developed caching client software, implemented in Java, to
achieve good response time and portability across different computer platforms. The performance results presented show that
the Virtual Microscope systems scales well, so that many clients can be adequately serviced by an appropriately configured
data server.
DTIC
Microscopes; Computer Programs
20060002502 Karlova Univ., Prague, Czechoslovakia
From Art to Industry: Development of Biomedical Simulators
Kofranek, Jiri; Andrlik, Michal; Petr, Tomas; Petr, Stodulka; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-,
and Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 62-67; In English;
See also 20060002498; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MOE-1111D0008; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
The authors’ methodology of creating e-learning content for the students of physiology, pathophysiology and biomedicine
at the Faculty of Medicine is presented here. The design process from a formalized description of physiological reality to
interactive educational software is described. Various tools an, used during the design - starting with the numerical simulation
software Matlab/Simulink, through Macromedia Flash for interactive animations, Control Web or MS Visual Studio for user
interface design to web publishing tools including the Macromedia Breeze learning management system. Also, various
professions are involved - teachers, physicians, simulation/modeling experts, graphic designers and programmers. The aim is
to provide students with software that helps them understand the complex dynamics of physiological systems.
Author
Biomedical Data; Education; Computerized Simulation; Management Systems; Interactive Control; Physiology; Complex
Systems
20060002510 Atmajaya Univ., Jakarta, Indonesia
Performance of a Parallel Technique for Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Block-diagonal Implicit Runge-Kutta Method
Kartawidjaya, M. A.; Suhartanto, H.; Basaruddin, T.; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and
Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 68-73; In English; See
also 20060002498; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Differential equations arise in many fields of application, such as in the simulation of phenomena in chemistry, physics,
biology, medicine and so forth. These equations are generally in the form of initial value problems (IVPs), which can be
extremely costly to solve when they are stiff due to the requirement of working with implicit methods. Implicit methods are
costly because at each time step we need to solve implicit equations, which are nonlinear in general. Therefore, in such cases
142

parallelization becomes an attractive approach. In this article we propose a parallel implementation of an ODE solver based
on implicit RungeKutta framework. The parallelization is performed in two levels, i.e. across the method in solving the arising
nonlinear systems and across the system in solving the associated linear systems. We use two kinds of test problems, the
Brusselator and the Dense problems. The experiment was run on a cluster of PCs with PVM message-passing environment.
Our observations show that for the 6Nsselator problem, using parallelization will result in a better performance in terms of
speedup for sufficiently large data. However for the Dense problem, the maximum attainable speedup is only two. We conclude
that our two levels parallelization technique is only suitable for Brusselator type problems.
Author
Differential Equations; Runge-Kutta Method; Mathematical Models; Parallel Programming; Computer Systems Performance
62
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Includes computer networks and distributed processing systems. For information systems see 82 Documentation and Information
Science. For computer systems applied to specific applications, see the associated category.
20060000052 Odyssey Research Associates, Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Embedded Systems
Craigen, Dan; Validation, Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems; October 2005, pp. 2-1 - 2-9; In English; See
also 20060000049; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire
parent document
Embedded Systems are ubiquitous. They appear in cell phones, microwave ovens, refrigerators, automobiles and a
veritable array of consumer products. Some of these embedded systems have potentially safety or security critical
consequences. Embedded systems exist in contexts where failure can be profound. Consider fly by wire, chemical factories,
nuclear power plants and even offshore oil wells. Though embedded systems are already ubiquitous, the adoption trajectory
of the technology continues unabated. Similar observations exist within the military realm. From smart sensors, software fuses
to the evolution of the battle space to being network centric. New projects are almost unfathomable in their scope and
extensive usage of embedded systems. For example, the proposed U.S. DDX submarine is effectively a floating software
system. It is estimated that the submarine will have 30,000,000,000 lines of code, will make use of 142 programming
languages and, obviously, have a huge amount of hardware. How does one even start thinking about how to assess such a
system? How do we manage such complexity? Is the technology even there? Embedded systems are expensive. According to
Jack Ganssle,1 firmware, the software associated with embedded systems, normally cost between US$15-30 per line (from
project commencement through to shipping). In the defence realm, with its substantial documentation requirements, costs can
range up to US$100 or more. For highly critical applications, of which Ganssle mentions the space shuttle, the cost per line
of code approximates US$1,000. Hence, even for a small 5,000-line application, one can easily be talking about projects in
the hundreds of thousands of dollars. The market size for embedded systems is huge. Some estimates place the size of the
market at $31,000,000,000, while the general purpose computing market is around $46,500,000,000. The microcontroller
market is around $5,000,000,000 with an annual growth rate of around 18%. The growth rate for general-purpose processes
is only 10%. With these trends, the embedded systems market will soon be larger than that for general purpose computing.
The desktop market is stagnating; the embedded systems market is flourishing. NATO strategies are continually evolving, but
depend substantially on the use of high technology to provide full spectrum dominance. Obviously, given the multinational
and interagency components of NATO, and the overall complexity of the battle space, innovation is a vital component of the
joint force of the future.2
Derived from text
Programming Languages; Fly By Wire Control; Industrial Plants; Failure; Embedded Computer Systems; Nuclear Power
Plants
20060000053 Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches, Toulouse, France
Verification and Validation: Evolution and Enhancement
Cazin, Jacques; Validation, Verification and Certification of Embedded Systems; October 2005; 3 pp.; See also 20060000049;
Copyright; Avail.: CASI; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
In this section we discuss the possible evolution of verification and validation technologies as they pertain to embedded
systems. In the area of embedded systems, more specifically in the context of avionics systems, the main constraint is safety.
Safety is traditionally achieved by combining architectural design with approaches allowing the verification of functional,
143

safety, and real time performance of software and systems in such a way that the behavior of the system is always predictable.
In the last few years, avionics systems have evolved in a significant way as it may be observed at the two major aeronautics
manufacturer Boeing and Airbus: the trend is to replace classical approaches to avionics by Integrated Modular Avionics
(IMA). This evolution may be schematically described as follows: 1) In classical avionics, embedded systems are made of one
computer for each embedded function (e.g., flight command system, autopilot, or flight management system). Whenever two
functions had to communicate with each other, a physical connection is drawn between their support computers. 2) In IMA,
a set of computers provides generic resources to a set of functions. They are linked to each other by means of an avionics
embedded network. In this context, functions now share computer resources (e.g., computational or memory) and
communication resources. This new orientation gives rise to a set of new complex problems which were solved de facto by
the architectural choice of classical avionics: 1) Two functions sharing a given resource must be isolated from each other,
especially if these two functions do not have the same level of criticality. 2) End-to-end performance of function connection
must be predictable; this has consequences both on the use of shared computer resources and on the communication medium.
So major problems in the area of Verification and Validation of embedded systems are concerned with: 1) Middleware, the
central point being that the operating system allow functions to share the resources. 2) Application software, which are to be
run on a specific computer resource. 3) Communication systems. 4) Man-Machine Interfaces, which have specific concerns.
Indeed, the use of digital display, and the complexity and variety of information the pilot is to be provided with, demand
special care. Finally IMA opens the path toward modular verification and validation and the way to take it into account in a
certification process.
Derived from text
Avionics; Flight Management Systems; Software Engineering; Applications Programs (Computers); Embedded Computer
Systems; Automatic Pilots; Real Time Operation
20060001848 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA
Selective Routing for the Mobile IP LAN Protocol
Luu, Brian B.; Gopaul, Richard D.; Sep. 1, 2005; 18 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440378; ARL-TR-3661; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Mobile Internet Protocol (IP) Local Area Network (LAN) is a technique developed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory
which allows a LAN to be IP mobile when it attaches to a foreign IP-based network and uses this network as a means to retain
connectivity to its home network. This technique is a form of virtual private networking which enables a LAN to roam on the
Internet. In this report, we describe implementation of selective routing for the Mobile IP LAN technique in order to improve
network communications for a mobile LAN. The selective routing implementation performs network address translation to
route selected network application packets based on IP address (layer 3 address) or transport identifier (layer 4 port) through
the foreign network. All other traffic is tunneled to the home network for routing, as in the conventional implementation of
Mobile IP LAN. This improves the network latency for those applications that do not specifically require the IP and transport
layers to be intact. To evaluate the performance of the Mobile IP LAN with selective routing technique, we have implemented
the following three different scenarios in which we vary the Internet connection of Mobile LAN: direct LAN-to-LAN
connection at the home network, connection at a foreign network using the secure mobile IP LAN technique, and connection
at a foreign network using the secure Mobile IP LAN with selective routing technique. We compare the data rates of file
transfers between a node on the mobile LAN and a node on the Internet in these three cases.
DTIC
Internets; Local Area Networks; Protocol (Computers)
20060001860 Air Force History Support Office, Bolling AFB, Washington, DC USA
The USA Air Force and the Culture of Innovation, 1945-1965
Johnson, Stephen B.; Jan. 1, 2002; 300 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440395; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This monograph shows how the application of systems management by the U.S. Air Force to its ballistic missiles and
computer programs not only produced critical new weapons, but also benefited U.S. industry. Systems management
harmonized the disparate goals of four interest groups. For the military it brought rapid technological progress; for scientists,
new products; for engineers, dependability; and for managers, predictable cost. The process evolved, beginning shortly after
the end of World War II, when Gen. Henry H. ‘Hap’ Arnold directed that the Army Air Forces continue its wartime
collaboration with the scientific community. This started as a voluntary association, with the establishment of the Scientific
Advisory Board and Project RAND. In the early 1950s, the Air Force reorganized its research and development function with
the creation of Air Research and Development Command (ARDC) and the Air Staff’s office of deputy chief of staff for
144

development (DCS/D), which were both aimed at controlling the scientists. The systems management approach evolved out
of a jurisdictional conflict between ARDC and its rival, Air Materiel Command (AMC). The latter controlled R&D finances
and was determined not to relinquish its prerogatives. But Gen. Bernard A. Schriever’s Western Development Division
(WDD), located at Inglewood, California, made its case, based upon the Soviet Union’s nuclear threat, to engage in the race
to develop long-range ballistic missiles. Ultimately, Schriever’s new project management and weapons systems procedures
produced a family of missile and space vehicles. Closely related to the missiles program was the air defense effort, centered
at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Boston. Dr. Jay Forrester’s Project Whirlwind evolved into large-scale,
real-time computers. When Schriever assumed command of ARDC, he transplanted his successful Inglewood model to all
major weapons systems acquisition. An extensive bibliography is included.7
DTIC
Computers; Government Procurement; Military Technology; Research and Development; Research Management; Systems
Management; Technology Utilization; United States; Weapon Systems
20060001871 Maryland Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management in Pervasive Computing Systems
Kagal, Lalana; Avancha, Sasikanth; Korolev, Vladimir; Joshi, Anupam; Finin, Tim; Jan. 1, 2005; 6 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-2-0591
Report No.(s): AD-A440419; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In the near future, we will see dramatic changes in computing and networking hardware. A large number of devices (e.g.,
phones, PDAs, even small household appliances) will become computationally enabled. Micro/nano sensors will be widely
embedded in most engineered artifacts, from the clothes we wear to the roads we drive on. All of these devices will be
(wirelessly) networked using Bluetooth, IEEE 802.15 or IEEE 802.11 for short range connectivity creating pervasive
environments. In this age, where a large number of wirelessly networked appliances and devices are becoming commonplace,
there is a necessity for providing a standard interface to them that is easily accessible by any user. This paper outlines the
design of Centaurus, an infrastructure for presenting services to heterogeneous mobile clients in a physical space via some
short range wireless links. the infrastructure is communication medium independent; we have implemented the system over
Bluetooth, CDPD and Infrared, three well-known wireless technologies. All the components in our model use a language
based on Extensible Markup Language (XML) for communication, giving the system a uniform and easily adaptable interface.
Centaurus defines a uniform infrastructure for heterogeneous services, both hardware and software, to be made available to
diverse mobile users within a confined space.
DTIC
Communication Networks; Computer Networks; Computers; Human-Computer Interface; Management Systems;
Standardization
20060001876 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Comparing User-Assisted and Automatic Query Translation
He, Daqing; Wang, Jianqiang; Oard, Douglas W.; Nossal, Michael; Jan. 1, 2005; 16 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-00-2-8910
Report No.(s): AD-A440428; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
For the 2002 Cross-Language Evaluation Forum Interactive Track, the University of Maryland team focused on query
formulation and reformulation. Twelve people performed a total of forty eight searches in the German document collection
using English queries. Half of the searches were with user-assisted query translation, and half with fully automatic query
translation. For the user-assisted query translation condition, participants were provided two types of cues about the meaning
of each translation: a list of other terms with the same translation (potential synonyms), and a sentence in which the word was
used in a translation appropriate context. Four searchers performed the official ICLEF task, the other eight searched a smaller
collection. Searchers performing the official task were able to make more accurate relevance judgments with user-assisted
query translation for three of the four topics. We observed that the number of query iterations seems to vary systematically
with topic, system, and collection, and we are analyzing query content and ranked retrieval measures to obtain further insight
into these variations in search behavior.
DTIC
Translating
145

20060001877 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Modeling of Concurrent Web Sessions with Bounded Inconsistency in Shared Data
Totok, Alexander; Karamcheti, Vijay; Jan. 1, 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-00-1-8920; N66001-01-1-8929
Report No.(s): AD-A440429; CIMS-TR-2005-868; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Client interactions with modern web-accessible network services are typically organized into sessions involving multiple
requests that read and write shared application data. Therefore when executed concurrently, web sessions may invalidate each
other’s data. Depending on the nature of the business represented by the service, allowing the session with invalid data to
progress might lead to financial penalties for the service provider, while blocking the session’s progress and deferring its
execution (e.g., by relaying its handling to the customer service) will most probably result in user dissatisfaction. A
compromise would be to tolerate some bounded data inconsistency, which would allow most of the sessions to progress, while
limiting the potential financial loss incurred by the service. In order to quantitatively reason about these tradeoffs, the service
provider can benefit from models that predict metrics, such as the percentage of successfully completed sessions, for a certain
degree of tolerable data inconsistency. This paper develops such analytical models of concurrent web sessions with bounded
inconsistency in shared data for three popular concurrency control algorithms. We illustrate our models using the sample buyer
scenario from the TPC-W e-Commerce benchmark, and validate them by showing their close correspondence to measured
results of concurrent session execution in both a simulated and a real web server environment. Our models take as input
parameters of service usage, which can be obtained through profiling of incoming client requests. We augment our web
application server environment with a profiling and automated decision making infrastructure which is shown to successfully
choose, based on the specified performance metric, the best concurrency control algorithm in real time in response to changing
service usage patterns.
DTIC
Computerized Simulation; Internets; Mathematical Models
20060001890 California Polytechnic State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA USA
Proceedings of the Annual ONR/CADRC Decision-Support Workshop (6th), Held in Quantico, Virginia, on 8-9 Sep
2004. Interoperability
Pohl, Jens G.; Nov. 1, 2004; 313 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440458; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In my introduction to this year’s conference I will address six questions that I believe come to the core of our conference
theme of interoperability. Do we human beings resist change? Is it in fact a human problem and not a technical problem that
we are dealing with? Can non-human intelligence exist? Do we even have a need for intelligent software? How did software,
particularly intelligent software (i.e., if we accept that there is such a thing) evolve over the past several decades, and what
is all this talk about a Semantic Web environment? And, finally, what does the future hold in the next five to ten years?
DTIC
Conferences; Decision Support Systems; Interoperability
20060001891 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Using Rhythms of Relationships to Understand Email Archives
Perer, Adam; Shneiderman, Ben; Oard, Douglas W.; Jan. 1, 2005; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-00-2-8910
Report No.(s): AD-A440461; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Due to email’s ubiquitous nature, millions of users are intimate with the technology. However, most users are only
familiar with managing their own email, which is an inherently different task than exploring an email archive. Historians and
social scientists believe that email archives are important artifacts for understanding the individuals and communities they
represent. In order to understand the conversations evidenced in an archive, context is needed. In this paper, we present a new
way to gain this necessary context: analyzing the temporal rhythms of social relationships. We provide methods for
constructing meaningful rhythms from the email headers by identifying relationships and interpreting their attributes. With
these visualization techniques, email archive explorers can uncover insights that may have been otherwise hidden in the
archive. We apply our methods to an individual’s fifteen-year email archive, which consists of about 45,000 messages and over
4, 000 relationships.
DTIC
Documents; Electronic Mail
146

20060001892 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Beyond Threads: Identifying Discussions in Email Archives
Perer, Adam; Shneiderman, Ben; Jan. 1, 2005; 3 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-00-2-8910
Report No.(s): AD-A440462; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Email archives have the promise of serving as great resources for historians and social scientists. However, making sense
of the information in these archives is a challenge. Email messages are often not self-contained and are instead a part of an
ongoing discussion. The process of determining when discussions commence and conclude is a difficult task to automate.
Threading messages by common subject lines and reply-chain information in email headers has been a common way of
assembling messages into discussions. However, even though email provides this structured information, it does not usually
reflect the user’s behavior. Our work helps email archive explorers interpret the archived messages by providing access to the
full scope of discussions that stretch beyond the thread. We present an interactive visualization that allows explorers to
perceive a discussion and navigate over time and people to gain the context they need.
DTIC
Documents; Electronic Mail; Identifying
20060001902 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
The Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation Methodology
Anton, Philip S.; Anderson, Robert H.; Mesic, Richard; Scheiern, Michael; Jan. 1, 2003; 135 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440505; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
As information systems become increasingly important to the functions of organizations, security and reliable operation
of these systems are also becoming increasingly important. Interoperability, information sharing, collaboration, design
imperfections, limitations, and the like lead to vulnerabilities that can endanger information system security and operation.
Unfortunately, understanding an organization’s reliance on information systems, the vulnerabilities of these systems, and how
to mitigate the vulnerabilities has been a daunting challenge, especially for less wellknown or even unknown vulnerabilities
that do not have a history of being exploited.
DTIC
Computer Information Security; Vulnerability
20060001913 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Semantic Interoperability on the Web
Heflin, Jeff; Hendler, James; Jan. 1, 2000; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAL01-97-K-0135; F30602-99-1-0013
Report No.(s): AD-A440535; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
XML will have a profound impact on the way data is exchanged on the Internet. An important feature of this language
is the separation of content from presentation, which makes it easier to select and/or reformat the data. However, due to the
likelihood of numerous industry and domain specific DTDs, those who wish to integrate information will still be faced with
the problem of semantic interoperability. In this paper we discuss why this problem is not solved by XML, and then discuss
why the Resource Description Framework is only a partial solution. We then present the SHOE language, which we feel has
many of the features necessary to enable a semantic web, and describe an existing set of tools that make it easy to use the
language.
DTIC
Document Markup Languages; Interoperability; Programming Languages; Semantics; Shoes
20060001926 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
Freudenthal, Eric; Pesin, Tracy; Port, Lawrence; Keenan, Edward; Karamcheti, Vijay; Jan. 1, 2001; 24 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-99-1-0157; N66001-00-1-8920
Report No.(s): AD-A440599; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Distributed Role-Based Access Control (dRBAC) is a scalable, decentralized trust-management and access-control
mechanism for systems that span multiple administrative domains. dRBAC represents controlled actions in terms of roles,
which are defined within the trust domain of one entity and can be transitively delegated to other roles within a different trust
147

domain. dRBAC utilizes PKI to identify all entities engaged in trust-sensitive operations and to validate delegation certificates.
The mapping of roles to authorized name spaces obviates the need to identify additional policy roots. dRBAC distinguishes
itself from previous trust management and role-based access control approaches in its support for three features: (1) third-party
delegations, which improve expressiveness by allowing an entity to delegate roles outside its namespace when authorized by
an explicit delegation of assignment; (2) valued attributes, which modulate transferred access rights via mechanisms that
assign and manipulate numerical values associated with roles; and (3) credential subscriptions, which enable continuous
monitoring of established trust relationships using a pub/sub infrastructure to track the status of revocable credentials. This
paper describes the dRBAC model, its scalable implementation using a graph-based model of credential discovery and
validation, and its application in a larger security context.
DTIC
Access Control; Active Control; Distributed Parameter Systems
20060002076 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
A Study on Process Model for Internet Risk Analysis
Nakao, Koji; Ohkouchi, Kazuya; Moriyama, Eimatsu; Maruyama, Yuko; Matsumoto, Fumiko; Journal of the National Institute
of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June
2005, pp. 3-11; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Security incidents such as Scans and Probes, Computer Intrusions, Malicious Software (Viruses, Worms, etc.), Computer
Sabotage and Damages (Dos Attacks, etc.) are well recognized in our IT environments today. One of the key solutions to
protect against the above security incidents and to minimize damages, ‘INTERNET RISK’ should be efficiently observed by
means of incident monitoring and analysis in conjunction with supports from ISPs (Internet Service Providers). This paper
discusses the requirements of the incident analysis and proposes the model foe Internet Risk Analysis.
Author
Internets; Computer Security; Computer Viruses; Damage; Sabotage; Intrusion
20060002078 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd., Osaka, Japan
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting Illegal Access
Kai, Toshifumi; Nakatani, Hiroshige; Shimizu, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Ayako; Journal of the National Institute of Information and
Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 43-51; In
English; See also 20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The amount of damage by illegal access is increasing with the spread of the Internet. Especially the DoS (Denial of
Service) and DDoS (Distributed DoS) attacks cause system down and often have serious impacts on the society. Various
attacker detection techniques have proposed until now, of which characteristics in performance and easiness of implementation
are discussed in this paper. Based on the discussion, we propose hybrid traceback method that solves the drawbacks of the
exiting techniques. Advantages of this proposed scheme to the exiting ones are clarified by some numerical models and
experiment.
Author
Access Control; Detection; Tracing
20060002085 Fujitsu Ltd., Japan
Autonomous Access Control Among Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security Policies
Iwao, Tadashige; Amamiya, Makoto; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 203-211; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a new framework of policy control sensor networks. Sensor networks are shared by various
applications, and have many nodes. Hence, sensor networks need to have ability to accept various applications, and to deploy
application modules to nodes easily. Sensor nodes should have appropriate application modules. A framework that is based
on VPC on KODAMA enables sensor nodes to have appropriate modules by assignment rules in a policy. When users only
put application policies to sensor networks, sensor nodes propagate the policies and perform appropriate roles in the
applications. This paper also shows that sensor networks with policies change behavior corresponding to detected active RFID
tags as an example.
Author
Automatic Control; Policies; Sensors; Nodes (Standing Waves); Access Control; Computer Information Security;
Communication Networks
148

20060002086 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Research and Development of an RFID Based Disaster-relief System
Takizawa, Osamu; Shibayama, Akihiro; Hosokawa, Masafumi; Hisada, Yoshiaki; Journal of the National Institute of
Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005,
pp. 259-277; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A portable system for assisting rescue personnel in disaster situations has been developed. The system consists of portable
microwave terminals that function as message readers/writers/carriers and long-range, non-battery RFID tags that are
ubiquitously placed along roadsides and function as information-storage units. Information such as location of refuges and the
safety assessments of damaged buildings is remotely downloaded onto or1 uploaded from the tags by the terminals.
Author
Data Storage; Disasters; Microwaves; Personnel; Rescue Operations; Safety
20060002093 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
States and Trends of Technologies in the Ad Hoc Networks Applicable to Emergency Communications
Gyoda, Koichi; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on
Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 225-234; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
Research on the ad hoc networks, which belongs to the type of autonomous distributed network has been done actively
in recent years. The ad hoc networks have the feature that they only consist of user terminals and have no infrastructures. So,
it is possible to use as a communication means in the emergencies at the time of disaster, etc. where usual telecommunication
infrastructures are damaged. In this paper, the outline of the ad hoc networks is introduced. The present states and trends of
key technologies in the ad hoc networks are also presented. The researches for using an ad hoc network in the emergency
communications are also described.
Author
Computer Networks; Telecommunication; Trends; Autonomy
20060002096 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Ubiquitous Communications Technology for Disaster Mitigation
Takizawa, Osamu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on
Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 235-258; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
Disasters may strike at any time. To remain prepared, it is important to take a practical approach to minimizing damage,
given the available resources. The concept of ‘disaster mitigation’-rather than ‘disaster prevention’-has become established to
describe this approach to policies in anticipation of disasters as well as subsequent rescue and recovery efforts. Unlike the
concept of ‘disaster prevention’, which has become somewhat of a catch-phrase, ‘disaster mitigation’ is focused on the
practical matter of how to respond when disasters do occur. Ubiquitous networks, meanwhile, are now being established for
use in many different contexts, drawing on the increasingly pervasive presence of computers (hence the term ‘ubiquitous’).
Communications technology in an age in which computers are everywhere is thus referred to as ‘ubiquitous communications
technology’. As used below, this phrase carries the added meaning of proven communications technology that can be used
anywhere. Disasters represent one threat to society, and this technology is useful both in preventing and mitigating disaster
damage.
Derived from text
Computers; Disasters; Policies; Telecommunication
20060002097 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
A Trial of the Interception of Display Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic Wave
Tanaka, Hidema; Yamamura, Akihiro; Takizawa, Osamu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 213-223; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes the experiments and analysis of the interception of personal computer’s display image using
emanation of electromagnetic wave. We used personal computers as the targets and experimented on reconstruction of screen
information under the following equipments and environments; (1) using a near magnetic field probe, (2) using an antenna
from away place, (3) using an injection probe over power supply cable. From the result of (1), we show that the slight
149

difference in the synchronous frequency of video signal among PCs will become the key which recognizes the target. In the
experiment (2), we succeeded from about 4 meters away place with frequency which is inside of VCCI regulations. In the
experiment (3), we succeeded from about 30 meters away place, and we found that the position relation between a probe and
AC adapter is dependent on results.
Author
Personal Computers; Interception; Images; Electromagnetic Radiation
20060002100 Hitachi Ltd., Japan
Hysteresis Signature and Its Related Technologies to Maintain the Digital Evidence for Network Activities in Future
Society
Toyoshima, Hisachi; Miyazaki, Kunihiko; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 191-201; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Security Requirements are varied with rapid growth of Internet and mobile network in digitization progress of
information. The necessity for reexamination of the security technological strategy is increasing. For example, the systematic
security countermeasures which can prove having dealt with information appropriately are required in addition to direct
security countermeasure such as encryption and access control. The problem of digital evidence occurs as a view which takes
the lead for that. NICT started a research project ‘research and development about next-generation evidence based
technologies’ in 2001, and Hitachi tackled this. This paper reports overview of results of the research project and related topics
which contain hysteresis signature for long-term documents and its verification technologies.
Author
Access Control; Digital Techniques; Hysteresis; Signatures
20060002106 Osaka Inst. of Tech., Japan
Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic Array Type Convolvers
Kutsuwa, Toshiro; Ebata, Katsuhiko; Mun, Minho; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2;
1987, pp. 394-397; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We show and evaluate 2-kinds of systolic array type convolvers. One of them is the constant weight length (W-kind)
convolver, and the other is the constant output length (R-kind) convolver. In W-kind, 3-types are discussed, and in R-kind
3-types are also described. In the last section, Extensions to 2-D convolver from 1-D convolvers are shown.
Author
Systolic Arrays; Configurations; Parallel Processing (Computers)
20060002123 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach
Devadas, Srinivas; Newton, A. Richard; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 398-401; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper outlines our approach to data path synthesis from algorithmic or behavioral descriptions. Our approach
involves three steps. First, a skeleton data path is synthesized from the input data flow specification using powerful algorithms
for resource allocation and partitioning. This skeleton data path is pipelined using pipeline scheduling algorithms and
simultaneously a high level timing analysis is performed. Lastly, control is synthesized as a by-product of the data path
synthesis process. Unlike previous approaches to data path synthesis, the algorithms used in the synthesis steps, extensively
modify the input program while performing global optimizations on the data flow graphs, simultaneously address all aspects
of the allocation process while efficiently exploring tradeoffs in the design space.
Author
Information Flow; Resource Allocation; Time Measurement; Musculoskeletal System; Optimization
20060002150 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd., Moriguchi, Japan
SMART: Three Dimensional Process/Device Simulator Integrated on a Super-Computer
Odanaka, S.; Wakabayashi, M.; Umimoto, H.; Hiroki, A.; Ohe, K.; Moriyama, K.; Iwasaki, H.; Esaki, H.; 1987 IEEE
International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 534-537; In English; See also 20060002103;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a new three-dimensional process/device integrated simulator based on the finite difference approach.
150

The simulation system with a post-processor is also described. This integrated simulator includes numerical process and device
modeling to understand and design submicrometer Si devices with nonplanar Si/Si02 structure. For 0.5 pm MOSFET device
simulation, it has simple and accurate physical models of carrier mobilities and nonlocal impact ionization process. The
capabilities of three-dimensional modeling are actually proved in the avalanche breakdown simulation of LOCOS isolated 0.5
micron MOSFETs within 5-percent accuracy. It has been confirmed that the accurate and practical process/device CAD is
realized in three dimensions using a super-computer.
Author
Mathematical Models; Simulators; Three Dimensional Models; Supercomputers
20060002151 North Carolina Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing Structures for IIR Digital Filters
Alexander, Winser E.; Chwen-Jye, Ju; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 538-542; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Advances in VLSI technology and corresponding advances in the development of parallel algorithms have made it more
and more practical to consider the implementation of multidimensional (N-D) digital filters in real-time. There are two
approaches to the development of high performance architectures for implementing digital filters in real-time. One approach
is to decompose the transfer function to take advantage of inherent parallelism. This approach works well for one-dimensional
(l-D) digital filters. However, this approach is difficult for N-D digital filters because of the lack of a fundamental theorem for
the factorization or partial fraction expansion of the transfer function. The other approach is to process the data in block form.
This paper will address this second approach as an option for partitioning N-D digital filters for implementation on a
multiprocessor system.
Author
Multiprocessing (Computers); Parallel Processing (Computers); Very Large Scale Integration; Mathematical Models;
Algorithms; IIR Filters
20060002155 International Business Machines Corp., Palo Alto, CA, USA
Flow-of-Activation Processing
Cruz, Claude A.; Hanson, William a.; Tam, Jason Y.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume
2; 1987, pp. 358-361; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Since late 1981, a group at IBM’s Palo Alto Scientific Center has been studying a novel computational mechanism called
‘flow-of activation networks’ or ‘FAN’. This work builds upon a wealth of interdisciplinary knowledge contributed by
numerous investigators over many years. It includes advances in the theoretical understanding and application of FANs, as
well as development of numerous tools to facilitate these studies. Several application areas are being assessed, including
knowledge-based systems, robotic vision and distributed real-time control.
Author
Active Control; Distributed Parameter Systems; Expert Systems; Computer Vision
20060002156 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Representing Lattice Ordered Associative Memories with Artificial Neural Networks
Lemmon, M.; Vijaya Kumar, B. V. K.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 362-365; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Associative memory is treated as a process which stores and recalls entities and the relationships between these entities.
Relationships between entities induce a partial ordering of the memory space which may then be captured and represented by
an artificial neural network.
Author
Neural Nets; Associative Memory; Vector Spaces; Metric Space
20060002237 Mitre Corp., McLean, VA, USA
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected FAA Weather Systems
Jalleta, Ezra; Liu, Minqi; Simons, Mark; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance
(ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 23 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTFA01-01-C-00001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM
only as part of the entire parent document
151

This paper presents an analysis of the network connectivity between the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS)
and the Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) Data Acquisition System (ADAS). The study was conducted to
determine the feasibility of transporting legacy network protocols over Internet Protocol (IP) routed networks. Suggested areas
for possible technology upgrades to facilitate this transition are highlighted.
Author
Data Acquisition; Meteorological Parameters; Encapsulating; Internets
20060002238 George Washington Univ., USA
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Ali, Hussein A.; Smith, David R.; Helgert, Herman J.; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005; 27 pp.; In English; See also 20060002231; Original
contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part
of the entire parent document
MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Networks) have emerged as a new promising networking technology that allows groups of
nodes to organize themselves in order to form a spontaneous network without the use of any central entities for configuration
or routing (e.g. DHCP server). Therefore, new auto-configuration techniques to configure addressing parameters (mainly the
IP address) are needed. Those new techniques are required to operate dynamically in order to reconfigure the nodes with new
parameters while they move. Since MANET nodes have to rely on themselves in all aspects of the configuration process, this
type of configuration is therefore called auto-configuration or self-configuration. In general the routing mechanism of any
network relies on the architecture of the addresses configuration scheme; hierarchical routing requires hierarchical addressing,
while flat routing requires flat addressing. MANET scalability is becoming a very critical problem that is yet to be solved. For
MANET to be scalable, a hierarchical routing scheme is required, that in turn requires a hierarchical addressing scheme to be
in place before the hierarchical routing can get involved. In this paper, we present a new IPV4 based hierarchical addressing
technique for MANET. The scheme allows (with some modifications) regular IP based flat MANET routing protocols (e.g.
Dynamic Source Routing, Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Victor) to provide hierarchical IP routing and hence achieve the
required MANET scalability.
Author
Computer Networks; Global Positioning System; Internets; Protocol (Computers); Mobility
20060002402 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Credentialed Secure Communication ‘Switchboards’
Freudenthal, Eric; Port, Lawrence; Keenan, Edward; Pesin, Tracy; Karamcheti, Vijay; Jan. 1, 2001; 17 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-99-1-0157; N66001-00-1-8920
Report No.(s): AD-A440577; NYU-TR2001-821; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Software development in distributed computation is complicated by the extra overhead of communication between
connected, dispersed hosts in dynamically changing, multiple administrative domains. Many disparate technologies exist for
trust management, authentication, secure communication channels, and service discovery, but composing all of these elements
into a single system can outweigh principal development efforts. The NYU Disco Switchboard consolidates these connectivity
issues into a single convenient, extensible architecture, providing an abstraction for managing secure, host-pair
communication with connection monitoring facilities. Switchboard extends the secure authenticated communication channel
abstraction provided by standard interfaces such as SSL/ TLS with mechanisms to support trust management, key sharing,
service discovery, and connection liveness and monitoring. We present an extensible architecture which is particularly useful
in dynamically changing, distributed coalition environments. Applications that utilize Switchboard benefit from the
availability of authentication, trust management, cryptography, and discovery, while retaining the simplicity of a common
interface.
DTIC
Software Engineering; Telecommunication
20060002446 Maryland Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing Environment
Perich, Filip; Joshi, Anupam; Yesha, Yelena; Finin, Tim; Jul. 28, 2003; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440602; TR-CS-03-28; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Locating and obtaining context sensitive information in a mobile environment has always been a challenge. This is
152

especially true for pervasive computing environments where in addition to limited computing and battery resources, mobile
devices cannot always rely on the help of a proxy-based wired infrastructure. Rather, a collaboration among peer mobile
entities is required. It allows entities to obtain data that may be otherwise inaccessible due to nature of the environment and
to reduce their computation cost by reusing answers generated by other peers. We introduce the problem of data interaction
among peers in ad-hoc networks and propose a collaboration query processing protocol based on the principles of Contract
Nets. Once an entity identifies information it needs via the help of user’s profiles, our protocol enables the device to locate
data sources and obtain data matching its specific query requiring one or more data sources. We show the effectiveness of our
technique through performance evaluation of entities querying for data while moving in a city-like environment.
DTIC
Computation; Performance Tests
20060002457 General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Fairfax, VA USA
Semi-Annual Technical Report for the Common Affordable Radar Processor (CARP)
Nov. 16, 2005; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-01-D-0225-011
Report No.(s): AD-A440571; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The Office of Naval Research (ONR) Surface/Aerospace Surveillance technology program is conducting technology
investigations and development of advanced radar signal and control processor technology for current and planned radar
systems. The ‘Common Affordable Radar Processor (CARP)’ project is investigating new processor hardware, networks, and
software architectures. which can readily accept integration of new radar signal inputs. digital signal processing
techniques/algorithms. system control implementations. and software system infrastructures. The project emphasizes
application of state of technology Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) open architecture processing and networking solutions
to Navy radar and combat system needs. The contractor will leverage the successful technological advances developed to date
for CARP and use these capabilities as a foundation to research, develop, integrate and test the next generation CARP system
leading to a migration and technology transition to 6.4 production programs.
DTIC
Signal Processing; Radar Transmission
63
CYBERNETICS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS
Includes feedback and control theory, information theory, machine learning, and expert systems. For related information see also 54
Man/System Technology and Life Support.
20060001247 National Chung Hsing Univ., Taichung, Taiwan, Province of China
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar Coordinates
Tai-Yu, Wang; Ching-Chih, Tsai; Jia-Lun, Pang; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005,
pp. 925-934; In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC 93-22 13-E-005-037; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents regulation and path tracking control methods for wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) associated with
kinematic models in two-dimensional polar coordinates. The proposed two regulation control laws are designed via the
Lyapunov indirect and direct stability theorems in order to asymptotically achieve nonlinear regulation. With the
Lyapunov-based stabilization law, a novel path tracking control method is proposed to achieve reference path following
missions on a global scale except for an arbitrary small region around the origin; in particular, two special path tracking
examples are analyzed with large initial tracking errors. Computer simulations and experimental results are described to
confirm the efficacy of these proposed control approaches.
Author
Polar Coordinates; Control Theory; Robots; Kinematics; Computerized Simulation
20060001250 Tung Nan Inst. of Tech., Taipei, Taiwan
Passivity-Based Boundary Control of a Flexible-Link Gantry Robot
Jang, Jenn-Tian; Yuan, King; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005, pp. 993-997; In
English; See also 20060001246; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, a new method is proposed for the performance evaluation of a controlled flexible-link gantry robot. The
153

method relies on two mathematical tools: (i) the infinite product representation of transcendental functions, and (ii) the
stability properties of a class of irrational passive transfer functions. Exact solutions of the infinite-dimensional, closed-loop,
flexible-link gantry system are obtained and compared with the experimental results available in the literature.
Author
Gantry Cranes; Robots; Feedback Control
20060001253 National Yunlin Univ. of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan, Province of China
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor Environments
Wu, Chia-Ju; Chien, Ting-Li; Lee, Tsong-Li; Lai, Li-Chun; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6;
October 2005, pp. 915-924; In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC93-2213-E-224-001; NSC93-2218-E-224-020; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Implementation of an outdoor navigation system for a mobile robot is described in this paper. In this system, two optical
encoders are used to perform dead-reckoning for the mobile robot. Meanwhile, an electronic compass and a GPS receiver are
used for self-localization of the robot. Fusing the sensory data from dead-reckoning and self-localization, position and
orientation of the robot can be determined accurately. Communication between the robot and the host computer is achieved
through GSM modems. In controlling the right and left angular velocities of the robot, a PID control law will be used. For
illustration, computer simulation and a practical experiment are presented to show that the outdoor navigation of a mobile
robot is feasible, in a convenient and cost-effective manner.
Author
Computerized Simulation; Robot Control; Robots; Navigation; Position (Location); Global Positioning System; Control
Theory
20060001258 National Chung Hsing Univ., Taichung, Taiwan, Province of China
3D Posture Determination of a Wheeled Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning and Ultrasonic Measurements
Ching-Chih, Tsai; Hung-Hsing, Lin; Szu-Wei, Lai; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005,
pp. 1005-1011; In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC 92-2213-E-005-009; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper develops a methodology and technique for three-dimensional (3D) posture determination of a mobile robot
over uneven terrain. The proposed self localization system is developed by means of integrating a 3D dead-reckoning (DR)
sub-system together with a novel ultrasonic localization subsystem for indoor navigation. The extended-Kalman-filter
(EKF)-based mutilsensory fusion method is proposed to obtain reliable attitude and position estimates of the vehicle and to
eliminate the ac- cumulation errors caused by wheel slippage, surface roughness and wheel misalignment. Experimental
results are performed to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system and method.
Author
Robots; Dead Reckoning; Ultrasonics
20060001594 Siemens A.G., Berlin, Germany
Syllable-based Segment-Hypotheses Generation in Fluently Spoken Speech Using Gross Articulatory Features
Schmidbauer, Otto; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 391-394; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Syllable based segmentation systems using the energy contour approach are limited to carefully uttered speech. This paper
describes a syllable based acoustic-phonetic frontend incorporating knowledge of articulatory aspects of syllable production,
in order to detect syllabic nuclei in quickly uttered speech with high reliability. In an iterative procedure hypotheses for
syllabic nuclei and their phonetic context are established, using robust gross articulatory classes and features. Remaining
intersyllabic consonant clusters are segmented into initial- and final consonant clusters. Due to unavoidable acoustic-phonetic
ambiguities alternative segmentations are permitted and several weighted hypotheses for initial and final consonant clusters
are produced.
Author
Phonetics; Syllables; Acoustics; Articulation (Speech); Iteration
20060001608 International Business Machines Corp., Rome, Italy
Phoneme Classification for Real Time Speech Recognition of Italian
D’Orta, Paolo; Ferretti, Marco; Scarci, Stefano; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 3.5.1 - 3.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
154

The development of large dictionary speech recognition systems requires the use of techniques aimed at limiting the
search of the correct word to a subset of the vocabulary as small as possible. An approach to this problem is to create classes
of equivalence among words by means of a phoneme classification. We investigate methods based on the definition of a
similarity measure of Hidden Markov Models of phonemes, and on the automatic identification of broad phonetic classes via
clustering algorithms. We discuss the obtained classifications, and their use in a real time speech recognition system for a
3000-word dictionary for Italian; results are compared to those achieved by knowledge based classifications.
Author
Phonemes; Speech Recognition; Words (Language); Phonetics
20060001628 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
The Lexical Access Component of the CMU Continuous Speech Recognition System
Rudnicky, alexander I.; Baumeister, Lynn K.; DeGraaf, Kevin H.; Lehmann, Eric; IEEE International Conference on
Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 10.5.1 - 10.5.4; In English; See also
20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00039-85-C-0163; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The CMU Lexical Access system hypothesizes words from a phonetic lattice, supplemented by a coarse labelling of the
speech signal. Word hypotheses are anchored on syllabic nuclei and are generated independently for different parts of the
utterance. Junctures between words are resolved separately, on demand from the Parser module. The lexical representation is
generated by rule from baseforms, in a completely automatic process. A description of the various components of the system
is provided, as well as performance data.
Author
Speech Recognition; Phonetics; Words (Language)
20060001629 Philips Research Labs., Brussels, Belgium
Explicit Time Correlation in Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition
Wellekens, C.J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 10.7.1-10.7.3; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The Hidden Markov models are generalized by defining a new emission probability which takes the correlation between
successive feature vectors into account. Estimation formulas for the iterative teaming both along Viterbi and Maximum
likelihood criteria are presented.
Author
Speech Recognition; Markov Processes; Mathematical Models; Algorithms
20060001630 Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications, Paris, France
Remora: A Software Architecture for the Collaboration of Different Knowledge Sources in Phonetic Decoding of
Continuous Speech
Martelli, Therese; Miclet, Laurent; Tubach, Jean-Pierre; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 10.8.1 - 10.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources
REMORA, (REpresentation et Modelisation Objet pour la Reconnaissance Acoustico-phonetique: object representation
and modelling for the acoustic phonetic recognition) is a software architecture for helping the phonetic decoding of continuous
speech, using artificial intelligence techniques. Acoustic phonetic decoding is a central problem in continuous speech
recognition. The basic idea of this project, realized at ENST, is to include various kinds of knowledge to improve accuracy
and efficiency. The procedural knowledge may come from several sources such as centisecond segment recognition, diphone
spotting or segmentation. The declarative knowledge may come from expertise on speech signal processing or from phonetic
knowledge. In order to connect these two types of knowledge and to satisfy modularity and efficiency, we use an
object-oriented formalism. The programming environment is a set of interctive menus designed to be easily employed by the
experts.
Author
Decoding; Phonetics; Speech Recognition; Artificial Intelligence; Software Engineering
20060001631 Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, Southampton, UK
Stability of Adaptively Controlled Systems- A Graphical Approach
Darlington, P.; Elliott, S. J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 11.2.1 - 11.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
155

This paper considers the behaviour of dynamic systems under the control of the LMS algorithm, defining the limiting
values of the plant’s frequency response which yield a stable controller. The technique is extended to cover standard
compensation strategies, including the ‘filtered-x’ algorithm.
Author
Algorithms; Adaptive Control; Control Systems Design; Stability
20060001633 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA
Continuous-Time Least-Squares Fast Transversal Filters
Lev-Ari, H.; Cioffi, J. M.; Kailath, T.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 415-418; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A recursive-least-squares (RLS) adaptive fast transversal filter (FTF) for processing of continuous-time signals is
presented. It has the same structure as the discrete-time least-squares FTF, namely, a tapped-delay-line with timevarying gains,
which are updated by propagating a set of coupled recursions. However, while the discrete-time scheme involves a
fundamental unit of time (i.e., the sampling period of the signal), which determines both the duration of the delay and the rate
of gain updating, our continuous-time scheme involves a delay of arbitrary duration and continuously-varying gains. Also, the
conceptual and computational complexity of the continuous-time FTF is reduced in comparison to the to that of the
discrete-time FTF. The rate of parameter updating in the continuous-time configuration is essentially independent of the
bandwidth and center frequency of the processed signal. Consequently, the gain-update module of the proposed algorithm can
be implemented with slow devices (or with digital hardware), whereas the signal-path filter must match the frequency
characteristics of the processed signal.
Author
Least Squares Method; Algorithms; Adaptive Filters
20060001655 Institut de la Communication Parlee, Grenoble, France
Deterministic Characteristics of LPC Distances: An Inconsistency with Perceptual Evidence
Ye, Haiyan; Tuffelli, Denis; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 1.1.1 - 1.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Deterministic characteristics of Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) distances are discussed in this paper. The study is carried
out especially for French vowels which have clearly formant structure. Two studies are realized here: the first one is a study
of contributions of different parameters (formants in particular) with help of sensibility functions and speech like spectra; the
second one is an analysis of distance matrices by a multidimensional scaling method. Our goal is to examine the consistency
of LPC distance measures with the formants perception, which are the most significant phonetic correlates of vowels. The
results show some unsuitable properties of classic distances and we propose to evaluate distances on a phonetic plane.
Author
Speech Recognition; Vowels; Cepstral Analysis
20060001660 Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN, USA
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition as the Basis for a Speech Training Aid
Kewley-Port, Diane; Watson, Charles S.; Maki, Daniel; Reed, Daniel; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech,
and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 10.4.1 - 10.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
The Indiana Speech Training Aid project (ISTRA) is evaluating the use of speaker-dependent speech recognition to
provide feedback for deaf speakers or normalhearing misarticulating children, to assist them in improving their speech.
Ongoing clinical trials of the ISTRA system have demonstrated effective improvement in speech production. The theoretical
approach is first to form templates from a child’s current best productions of a word and then to use the score generated by
matching new utterances to these templates as feedback to indicate the goodness of articulation. This paper presents the results
of several evaluations of the utility of the SRB metric as a substitute for human judgement of the goodness of articulation of
a whole word. Also, the confusion matrices resulting from recognition of acoustically similar words are discussed in terms of
possible modifications of the algorithms.
Author
Algorithms; Education; Speech Recognition; Speech Defects
156

20060001661 Shandong Engineering Inst., Jinan, China
The Four Tones Recognition of Continuous Chinese Speech
Ma, Hengjie; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 3.1.1. - 3.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The requirement of continuity in pitch contours of continuous Chinese speech makes the pitch variation forms deviate
from their original patterns and result in much difficulty in The Four Tones recognition. Experiments indicate that the
information of articulation ways of adjacent words should be considered when The Four Tones recognition is carried on. An
approach of The Four Tones of continuous Chinese speech recognition based on above idea is proposed and the analysis on
it is also given.
Author
Speech Recognition; China
20060001664 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical Constraints
Stern, Richard M.; Ward, Wayne H.; Hauptmann, Alexander G.; Leon, Juan; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 10.6.1-10.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N0039-85-C-0163; IRI-85-12695; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper compares the recognition accuracy obtained in forming sentence hypotheses using several parsers based on
different types of weak statistical models of syntax and semantics. The inputs to the parsers were word hypotheses generated
from simulated acoustic-phonetic labels. Grammatical constraints are expressed by trigram models of sequences of lexical or
semantic labels, or by a finite-state network of the semantic labels. When the input to the parser is of high quality, the more
restrictive trigram models were found to perform as well as or better than the finite-state language model. The more restrictive
trigram and network models of language produce better recognition accuracy when all correct words are actually
hypothesized, but strong constraints can degrade performance when many correct words are missing from the parser input.
Author
Grammars; Speech Recognition; Mathematical Models; Semantics; Sentences
20060001666 Philips G.m.b.H., Germany
Dynamic Programming Speech Recognition Using a Context Free Grammar
Ney, Hermann; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 3.2.1-3.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 413-5839-ITM 8401; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper deals with the use of contextfree grammars in automatic speech recognition. A dynamic programming
algorithm for recognizing and parsing spoken word strings of a context-free grammar is presented. The algorithm can be
viewed as a probabilistic extension of the CYK algorithm along with the incorporation of the nonlinear time alignment. Details
of the implementation and experimental tests are described.
Author
Dynamic Programming; Speech Recognition; Grammars
20060001701 Bell Communications Research, Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA
On the Automatic Segmentation of Speech Signals
Svendsent, Torbjorn; Soong, Frank K.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 3.4.1 - 3.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
For large vocabulary and continuous speech recognition, the sub-word-unit-based approach is a viable alternative to the
whole-word-unit-based approach. For preparing a large inventory of sub-word units, an automatic segmentation is preferable
to manual segmentation as it substantially reduces the work associated with the generation of templates and gives more
consistent results. In this paper we discuss some methods for automatically segmenting speech into phonetic units. Three
different approaches are described, one based on template matching, one based on detecting the spectral changes that occur
at the boundaries between phonetic units and one based on a constrained-clustering vector quantization approach. An
evaluation of the performance of the automatic segmentation methods is given.
Author
Segments; Speech Recognition; Words (Language); Automatic Control
157

20060001709 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, USA
Unified Approach for Low Level Image Analysis
Jeong, Dong-seok; Lapsa, Paul M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-84-04782; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Low level image analysis has been found to be difficult if the images are complicated. A popular strategy has been to
model the image parametrically. Two prominent classes of approaches to the problem of parametrically modeling images are
those based on assuming a stochastic relationship among the pixels, and those based on assuming a deterministic relationship.
These two approaches have tend to have complementary areas of applicability. We develop a method, based on a general
decision criterion for dealing with a variety of modeling strategies, and refer to the method as a unified approach. As a
consequence, this approach leads to advantages in segmenting images. The algorithm’s output has the form that is convenient
as input for higher-level processing such as AI approaches to computer vision.
Author
Image Analysis; Algorithms; Mathematical Models; Artificial Intelligence
20060001712 Universite de Technologie de Compiegne, France
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded Planar Objects by a Two Steps Processing
Song, Jianming; Gaillard, Paul; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.6.1-7.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
As an application of robot vision to automatic recognition of industrial parts, we present a method which is capable of
recognizing isolated or partially occluded two-dimensional objects. Starting from contour following, global features are
measured and compared to stored data in order to make a preselection of the models. In the case of isolated object, the
preselection leads to an immediate identification of objects. Otherwise, overlapping boundaries are detected and used to
accomplish the recognition of occluded objects. By the combination of overlapping boundaries and the object’s contour, a
sequential segmentation algorithm is applied to find the complete contour of no hidden objects. As soon as we have obtained
the complete contour of an object, we can use once again the global features to perform identification processing. This method
has the advantage of being simple,rapide and efficient. It works well even when the number of objects to be recognized is large.
Author
Algorithms; Computer Vision; Contours; Robots; Segments
20060001740 Imperial Coll. of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
Speech Spectral Segmentation for Spectral Estimation and Formant Modeling
Chhatwal, Harprit S.; Constantinides, Anthony G.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 8.8.1-8.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
The evaluation of accurate speech spectral estimates is of importance in many areas such as formant extraction,
speaker/speech recognition etc. This work describes an approach based on Dynamic Programming for the optimal
segmentation of speech spectra into Selective Linear Predictive (LP) segments to minimize the discrepancy between real and
model spectra and thereby to produce effective spectral estimates of the original signal. A modification of this technique then
leads to a novel method for the production of accurate estimates of speech formant positions. This segmentation scheme is
implemented for both isolated speech spectra and complete utterances to produce values which are finally incorporated to
cascade formant synthesisers. These results are found to offer significant advantages over those available using conventional
LP methods.
Author
Estimates; Segments; Spectra; Speech Recognition
20060001829 New York Univ., New York, NY USA
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match Quality Measures for Model-Based Object Recognition with Applications to
Automatic Target Recognition
Keller, Martin G.; May 1, 1999; 149 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440328; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In the fields of computational vision and image understanding, the object recognition problem can be formulated as a
problem of matching a collection of model features to features extracted from an observed scene. This thesis is concerned with
158

the use of feature-based match similarity measures and feature match algorithms in object detection and classification in the
context of image understanding from complex signature data. Applications are in the domains of target vehicle recognition
from radar imagery, and binocular stereopsis. The author considers image understanding to encompass the set of activities
necessary to identify objects in visual imagery and to establish meaningful 3-D relationships between the objects themselves,
or between the object and the viewer. The main goal in image understanding involves the transformation of images to symbolic
representation, effectively providing a high-level description of an image in terms of objects, object attributes, and
relationships between known objects. As such, image understanding subsumes the capabilities traditionally associated with
image processing, object recognition, and artificial vision. In human and/or biological vision systems, the task of object
recognition is a natural and spontaneous one. Humans can recognize immediately and without effort a huge variety of objects
from diverse perceptual cues and multiple sensorial inputs. The operations involved are complex and inconspicuous
psychophysical and biological processes, including the use of properties such as shape, color, texture, pattern, motion, context,
as well as considerations based on contextual information, prior knowledge, expectations, functionality hypothesis, and
temporal continuity. This research considers only the simpler problem of model-based vision, where the objects to be
recognized come from a library of 3-D models known in advance, and the problem is constrained using context and
domain-specific knowledge.
DTIC
Algorithms; Computer Vision; Pattern Recognition; Signatures; Target Recognition; Targets
20060001834 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
Platt, Robert; Grupen, Roderic A.; Fagg, Andrew H.; Jan. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-03-R-0017
Report No.(s): AD-A440343; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
It can be difficult to generalize the solutions to grasping and manipulation problems because even small differences in
problem context can require qualitatively different solutions. For example, small changes in the shape of an object to be
grasped can necessitate different grasp strategies. In this paper, the authors introduce the action schema framework that
represents generalized skills in a functional way such that all viable ways of accomplishing a task are represented as
instantiations of the generalized skill. They also propose an on-line algorithm for learning how to instantiate the skill in a
context-appropriate way. They test this approach with a robotic grocery bagging task in which a dexterous humanoid robot
learns to make correct qualitative decisions regarding how to grasp everyday grocery items and drop them in a paper bag.
DTIC
Artificial Intelligence; Control; Learning; Man Machine Systems; Policies; Robots
20060001870 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement Learning
Ghavamzadeh, Mohammad; Mahadevan, Sridhar; Jan. 25, 2004; 43 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAANO2-98-C-4025
Report No.(s): AD-A440418; CMPSCI-TR-04-02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper, we investigate the use of hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) to speed up the acquisition of
cooperative multiagent tasks. We introduce a hierarchical multiagent reinforcement learning (RL) framework and propose a
hierarchical multiagent RL algorithm called Cooperative HRL. In our approach, agents are cooperative and homogeneous (use
the same task decomposition). Learning is decentralized, with each agent learning three interrelated skills: how to perform
subtasks, which order to do them in, and how to coordinate with other agents. We define cooperative subtasks to be those
subtasks in which coordination among agents significantly improves the performance of the overall task. Those levels of the
hierarchy which include cooperative subtasks are called cooperation levels. Since coordination at high levels allows for
increased cooperation skills as agents do not get confused by low-level details, we usually define cooperative subtasks at the
high levels of the hierarchy.
DTIC
Hierarchies; Learning; Robots
20060002124 Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL, USA
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with Bounded Inputs
Ning, Chen; Dwyer, T.A.W., III; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 402-405;
In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
159

The feasibility of real time, microprocessor based, robot command generation is investigated for obstacle-avoidance
maneuvers with saturating actuators. One-step-ahead position and rate error minimization with N step ahead state constraints
(predictor) is used, to select the required accelerations. The algorithm becomes a sequence of linearly constrained quadratic
minimizations, re-set at each time step from sensor information and from adaptive covariance filters. Fully nonlinear dynamics
can be accommodated. Experimental verification on a PC-AT controlled 3 DOF robot is discussed.
Author
Covariance; Robots; Microprocessors; Adaptive Filters; Manipulators; Real Time Operation; Actuators
20060002353 Royal Netherlands Meteorological Inst., Netherlands
Automated Support Structured Troubleshooting
Keijer, W.; Gillis, M. P. W.; Loo, S. V. D.; July 2005; 39 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): TNO-DV1 2004 A263; TD2004-0457; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Due to the increasing complexity and integration of modern ship systems, diagnosis of system failures becomes
increasingly difficult. To this end, tools must be developed to assist the maintainers of the systems in diagnosis and repair tasks.
A demonstrator version of an interactive software tool has been developed, based on the training method Structured
Faultfinding (Gestructureerd Storingzoeken or GSZ). With this demonstrator, the potential of such an interactive tool has been
evaluated. The suitability of GSZ as the basis for the application has been proved and requirements have been drawn up for
the functionality of future diagnosis tools.
Author
Ships; Maintenance; Decision Support Systems
20060002496 Royal Netherlands Meteorological Inst., Netherlands
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance Situation Awareness
Rypkema, J. A.; Weitenberg, A. L. M.; Krabbendam, A. J.; van der Stap, C. L. M.; September 2005; 30 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): TNO-DV3 2005 B093; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This report focuses on the changing tasks within the Netherlands military which have changed from traditional defense
of national and allied territories during a global conflict with a well-known enemy towards peace keeping and crisis
management operations. This change is accompanied with new demands concerning the information needs regarding situation
awareness (SA). A literature study has been done to define situation awareness. Next, it was explored what information is
needed to realise an optimal SA. Therefore, a distinction was made between content and presentation. Content is related to
the kind of information, while the presentation concentrates on how this information presented to the end user. Special
attention has been paid to human information processing, because this plays an important role on how information should be
presented. For SA it is important that the right signals are perceived (perception), that they are interpreted in the right way.
(comprehension) and that the situation in the future can be estimated (projection). The information that is needed to do so
depends on the specific circumstances. Factors, that play an important role, are the domain, the mission, the level of command,
the environment, the situation, the point of time and the duties. In order to get an overview about the information needed, these
factors should be analysed for every specific assignment. Besides that, the quality of the soldiers SA and performance depends
on the cognitive task load. A cognitive task load model is shown, with which the soldiers cognitive can be described. When
cognitive load is too high, people may use decision strategies, leading to sub-optimal task performance. Adequate interface
design helps to prevent this. A man-machine interaction model is presented to support the design process. A good SA is realised
by presented the right information in the right way. This report offers a framework for defining what this information is. The
knowledge about human information processing and man-machine interaction give support during the man-machine interface
design process.
Derived from text
Information; Management Methods; Reconnaissance
20060002506 La Coruna Univ., La Coruna, Spain
Validation and Usability Analysis of Intelligent Systems: An Integrated Approach
Mosqueira-Rey, Eduardo; Moret-Bonillo, Vicente; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and
Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 37-45; In English; See
also 20060002498; Original contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): CICYT Proj. TIC2001-0569; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
160

Validation of intelligent systems is a complex matter due to the lack of standard references for complex domains.
Moreover, the validation phase should be followed by a usability analysis for studying the quality of man-machine interaction.
The VISNU (Validation of Intelligent Systems aNd Usability) tool has been designed to assist developers in the validation and
usability analysis phases in intelligent system design. The validation module includes quantitative measures (such as pair tests,
group tests and agreement ratios) and facilities for planning the entire process and for interpreting the final results. The
usability module includes different types of usability analyses, namely, heuristic (based on the collaboration of experts),
subjective (based on the collaboration of users) and empirical (based on objective data). One of the main goals of the system
developers has been to integrate different evaluation methods to obtain information which could not otherwise be obtained.
Author
Artificial Intelligence; Program Verification (Computers); Systems Integration; Systems Engineering
20060002507 La Coruna Univ., La Coruna, Spain
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology for Agent Technology
Ferrer-Roca, A. O.; Figueredo, K.; Franco, A.; Cardenas, B.; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-,
and Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 46-54; In English;
See also 20060002498; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Telemedicine (TM) is an ever-evolving multidisciplinary subject where knowledge is acquired by continuous training
rather than as part of a curriculum. The current challenge is to create an intelligent tool that delivers personalized training to
professionals with different backgrounds, making use of scientific innovations from any source, even the Internet. We present
an innovative metadata packaging and rule-building tool to achieve an adaptive retrieval system that may draw on all available
resources. For this purpose we used vocabulary and ontologies founded on the telemedicine body of knowledge (TM-BOK)
hierarchy and Medical Sub-headings (MeSH). The packaging tool creates a modified XML- manifest that contains a Navigable
Knowledge Map and a separate Rule-extension executed by Agents during the process of navigation. Agent systems also
handle personalization. selecting packages by reading metadata tags. The result is an adaptive and adaptable TM knowledge
delivery tool used by the students to reduce the time on searching information.
Author
Artificial Intelligence; Telemedicine; Machine Learning
20060002508 Wien Univ., Austria
Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations
Pollach, Irene; Treiblmaier, Horst; Floh, Arne; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and
Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 55-61; In English; See
also 20060002498; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Although the Internet provides nonprofit organizations with unprecedented opportunities for fundraising, the volume of
online donations has been miniscule. Since one reason for this may be people’s distrust in financial transactions on the WWW,
we conducted a survey to gain insights into user trust in and attitudes toward online payment systems. The results indicate that
people’s trust in both the organization and the Internet are key factors in shaping their attitudes toward online payments, which
in turn influences people’s likelihood of using the Internet for financial transactions such as donations. Our findings suggest
that nonprofits need to pay particular attention to donor relationships, process transparency, and transaction security in order
to induce people to donate online.
Author
Internets; On-Line Systems; Organizations
64
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Includes iteration, differential and difference equations, and numerical approximation.
20060001604 Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO, USA
Fast Algorithms for QR and Cholesky Factors of Toeplitz Operators
Rialan, Christophe P.; Scharf, Louis L.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 2.4.1 - 2.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The Levinson recursions, the Cybenko recursions and the Le Roux-Gueguen recursions provide alternative ways of
computing reflection coefficients for stationary time series. In this paper we show that when a Toeplitz correlation matrix is
161

a product of two Toeplitz data matrices, as in the correlation method of linear prediction, then the Levinson recursions may
be used to derive the Cybenko recursions, and the Cybenko recursions may be used to derive the Le Roux-Gueguen recursions.
We explore the close relation between QR and Cholesky algorithms in the Toeplitz case and we compare their respective
numerical properties when run in finite precision arithmetic.
Author
Algorithms; Cholesky Factorization; Operators; Matrix Theory
20060001605 Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR, USA
On Identification of Non-Gaussian Time Series
Mohler, R. R.; Tang, Z.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 2.8.1-2.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-81-K-6814; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Affine bilinear time series models AB(p,q) are considered here. An ‘inverse method’ is used to estimate model parameters.
A non-anticipative AB(p,q) model could be transfered to 2p-1 dimension vector form (AB1,1) model. Simulation results for
computer-generated and real data are given.
Author
Time Series Analysis; Numerical Analysis
20060001606 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
ARMA Modeling Using Cumulant and Autocorrelation Statistics
Giannakis, G. B.; Mendel, J. M.; Wang, W.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 2.9.1 - 2.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-85-01098; NSF ECS-86-02531; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
One dimensional cumulant and autocorrelation output statistics are combined to form an overdetermined system of
equations whose least-squares solution yields the coefficients of an ARMA model. The driving input noise is assumed to be
non-Gaussian and white. The ARMA model is allowed to be non-minimum phase and even to contain all-pass factors. The
special cases of AR and MA models are also included. The overdetermined nature of the method makes the solution practical
for moderate output data lengths, when additive white Gaussian noise is considered. Simulations illustrate that our approach
performs very well even at low signal-to-noise ratios.
Author
Autoregressive Moving Average; Autocorrelation; Simulation
20060001607 BBN Systems and Technologies Corp., Cambridge, MA, USA
A Stochastic Segment Model for Phoneme-Based Continuous Speech
Roucos, S.; Dunham, M. O.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 3.3.1-3.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-85-C-0279; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Developing accurate and robust phonetic models for the different speech sounds is a major challenge for high performance
continuous speech recognition. In this paper, we introduce a new approach, called the stochastic segment model, for modelling
a variable-length phonetic segment X, an L-long sequence of feature vectors. The stochastic segment model consists of
time-warping the variable-length segment X into a fixed-length segment Y called a resampled segment, and a joint density
function of the parameters of the resampled segment Y, which in this work is assumed Gaussian. In this paper, we describe
the stochastic segment model, the recognition algorithm, and the iterative training algorithm for estimating segment models
from continuous speech. For speaker-dependent continuous speech recognition, the segment model reduces the word error rate
by one third over a hidden Markov phonetic model.
Author
Phonemes; Speech Recognition; Stochastic Processes; Words (Language)
20060001618 California Univ., Davis, CA, USA
Object Classification and Registration by Radon Transform Based Invariants
Dohse, Hans J.; Sanz, Jorge L. C.; Jain, Anil K.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.5.1-7.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
algorithm for object recognition which is based on translation and rotation invariant signatures is presented. The Radon
162

transform is used as a tool for efficient implementation of the algorithm. Good classification results where obtained even with
objects having similar shapes.
Author
Classifications; Radon; Signatures; Pattern Recognition; Algorithms
20060001632 Korea Advanced Inst. of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares Adaptive Algorithms
Lee, Jae C.; Mitra, Sanjit K.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 11.5.1 - 11.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-85-K-0551; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The simple least mean-square (LMS) algorithm shows slow convergence rate, while the computationally-intensive least
squares (LS) algorithm has very fast convergence speed. The LMS algorithm realized in the frequency domain is known to
have significantly improved convergence rate with moderate complexity. In this work we study new adaptive algorithms that
take advantage of both the LS and frequency-domain techniques. We develop several frequency-domain LS algorithms and
investigate their performance characteristics by computer simulation.
Author
Algorithms; Frequency Domain Analysis; Least Squares Method; Adaptive Filters; Mean Square Values
20060001636 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Applications of Error Intensity Measures to Bearing Estimation
Hero, Alfred O.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 12.3.1 - 12.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 1985-86; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we will discuss a new class of performance approximations for maximum likelihood type bearing estimation
systems. This class is based on the application of various point process models to a sequence of error prone points along the
likelihood trajectory. The point process model is described by two quantities: the intensity function of the local maxima
locations over the parameter space, and a selection rule for the global maximum from the set of local maxima. This class gives
new estimators to the Mean-Square Error and specializes to the approximation techniques of [1] and [6].
Author
Maximum Likelihood Estimates; Mathematical Models; Approximation; Error Analysis
20060001639 Systems Control Technology, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA
The Spherical Interpolation Method for Closed-Form Passive Source Localization using Range Difference Measurements
Abel, J. S.; Smith, J. O.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 12.10.1 - 12.10.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The problem of estimating the location of a radiating source from range difference measurements taken from a passive,
stationary array is discussed. A new closed-form source location estimator, termed the Spherical Interpolation Estimator, is
presented and analyzed. The location estimates produced by the Spherical Interpolation Estimator are approximate minimizers
of a weighted equation error norm, and are shown to approach the maximum likelihood source location estimator.
Author
Interpolation; Spherical Coordinates; Maximum Likelihood Estimates
20060001647 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA, USA
The Modeling and Segmentation of Speckled Images
Hartt, Keith D.; Kelly, Patrick A.; Derin, Haluk; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 559-562; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-8403685; ONR N00014-85-K-056; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The statistical properties of speckle are examined. A general joint probability description is derived; special cases of the
formulation are then given in detail, including a local statistical description of speckle which goes beyond the marginal
statistics. The statistical model developed for speckle is then used in developing a segmentation algorithm for speckled images.
163

The model parameters necessary for the segmentation algorithm are estimated.
Author
Algorithms; Estimating; Mathematical Models; Images
20060001648 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for Image Segmentation
Goutsias, John; Mendel, Jerry M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 567-570; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-8501098; NSF ECS-8602531; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we examine the problem of image segmentation of noisy images. We consider a doubly stochastic image
model. The image is assumed to be the sum of the realizations of two independent random fields: the un-corrupted image and
the noise field, consisting of independent, identically distributed, Gaussian random variables. The image segmentation
technique employed here is a technique in which the image is represented by a semi-Markov random field corrupted by
additive white noise. An adaptive Bayesian parameter estimation/image detection algorithm is developed. This algorithm
allows us to estimate the unknown image and its underlying parameters in an optimal manner. We demonstrate the potential
of the proposed algorithm in the case of the smoothing/segmentation of two 4-gray level real images.
Author
Markov Processes; Mathematical Models; Segments; Image Analysis; White Noise; Imaging Techniques
20060001649 Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
Texture Recognition Using Final-Prediction-Error Criterion
Kobatake, Hidefumi; Wantanabe, Toshihiro; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 14.7.1-14.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 60302087; 60550288; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a study on texture recognition based on two-dimensional linear prediction model. A new distance
measure using the final prediction error is proposed. This distance measure is useful not only for micro-textures but also for
macro-textures. Experimental results are given, which show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Author
Errors; Linear Prediction; Textures; Two Dimensional Models
20060001677 Telecommunications Radioelectriques et Telephoniques, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
Stabilization of Fast Recursive Least-Squares Transversal Filters for Adaptive Filtering
Botto, Jean-Luc; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 11.3.1 - 11.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper investigates the numerical stability of the well-known Fast Transversal Filters algorithms. Two different modes
of divergence are indicated with an effort to mathematically explain the reason of the appearance of each mode. An original
stabilization method is thus introduced. It basically consists in introducing redundancy in the algorithm by computing some
quantity in two different ways.The difference of the two values (nonzero because of finite precision) is fed back to the
algorithm in order to correct it. The stabilized algorithm requires some more operations but it is always linear in the order of
the filter per iteration.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Numerical Stability; Least Squares Method; Algorithms
20060001678 Information Systems Labs., Inc., Stanford, CA, USA
A Fast QR/Frequency-Domain RLS Adaptive Filter
Cioffi, J. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 11.4.1 - 11.4.; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 1DEA692; 2DW-M350; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
There has been considerable recent interest in QR factorization for recursive solution to the least-squares adaptive filtering
problem, mainly because of the good numerical properties of QR factorizations. Early work by Gentleman and Kung (1981)
and McWhirter (1983) has produced triangular systolic arrays of N2/2 processors that solve the Recursive Least Squares
(RLS) adaptive-filtering problem (where N is the size of the adaptive filter). Here, we introduce a more computationally
efficient solution to the QR RLS problem that requires only O(N) computations per time update, when the input has the usual
164

shift-invariant property. Thus, computation and implementation requirements are reduced by an order of magnitude. The new
algorithms are based on a structure that is neither a transversal filter nor a lattice, but can be best characterized by a
functionally equivalent set of parameters that represent the time-varying ‘least-squares frequency transforms’ of the input
sequences. Numerical stability can be insured by implementing computations as 2x2orthogonal (Givens) rotations.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Least Squares Method; Frequency Domain Analysis; Algorithms
20060001680 Notre Dame Univ., IN, USA
The Use of Large Adaptive Gains to Remove the SPR Condition from Recursive Adaptive Algorithms
Tang, Kun; Rohrs, Charles E.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.8.1-4.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Adaptive recursive algorithms using output error have some very attractive properties for both adaptive recursive filtering
and system identification. However, their use has been severely restricted by the need to satisfy the so-called SPR condition.
In this paper we demonstrate on the well known HARF algorithm that the use of large gains can essentially eliminate the need
for the SPR condition. This should allow for more widespread use of adaptive recursive filtering and output error system
identification.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Algorithms; System Identification
20060001693 Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed Coefficient Adaptation
Long, Guozhu; Ling, Fuyun; Proakis, John G.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 11.10.1-11.10.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): 8507430; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In practical applications of the LMS adaptive transversal filtering algorithm, a delay in the coefficient update is sometimes
required. In this paper, the behavior of the Delayed LMS (DLMS) algorithm is studied. A stablility bound for the step size
is derived. The relation between the step size and the convergence speed and the effect of the delay on the convergence
behavior are also investigated. Computer simulation results are provided and compared wit the analytical results.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Least Squares Method; Algorithms; Delay
20060001702 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
Alexander, S. T.; Pan, C. T.; Plemmons, R. J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 11.8.1-11.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DCI-8552571; DMS-85-21154; AFOSR-83-0255-C; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Numerical properties of the hyperbolic rotation method for windowed RLS filtering are examined. This matrix-oriented
approach is important from two standpoints: (1) it provides the LS predictor for a sliding window block of data, and (2) it is
amenable to parallel implementation. It is shown how a hyperbolic rotation matrix may be constructed to update the LS
Cholesky factor as a function of the previous Cholesky factor and the data in the sliding window. Finally, it is shown that the
hyperbolic rotation method is stable for observation matrices which are not rank-deficient.
Author
Rotation; Hyperbolic Functions; Algorithms; Numerical Analysis; Least Squares Method
20060001706 Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA, USA
Differential Operator Based Edge and Line Detection
Bevington, J. E.; Mersereau, R. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAG29-84-K-0024; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Edge detection in sampled images may be viewed as a problem of numerical differentiation. In fact, most point edge
operators function by estimating the local gradient or Laplacian. Adopting this view, Torre and Poggio [2] apply regularization
techniques to the problem of computing derivatives, and arrive at a class of simple linear estimators involving derivatives of
a low-pass Gaussian kernel. In this work, we further develop the approach by examining statistical properties of such
165

estimators, and investigate the effectiveness of various combinations of the partial derivative estimates in detecting blurred
steps and lines. We also touch briefly on the problem of sensitivity to various types of edge structures, and develop an isotropic
operator with reduced sensitivity to isolated spikes.
Author
Edge Detection; Differential Equations
20060001721 Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, USA
CARMA Model Methods of Two-Dimensional Shape Classification: An Eigensystem Approach vs. the LP Norm
Malakooti, Mohammad V.; Teague, Keith A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 583-586; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Because of periodicity of the time series derived from the N angularly equispaced radii, the correlation matrix has an
invariant feature under rotation, translation, and scaling. The periodic characteristics possessed by the time series can be
utilized to obtain improvement for texture boundary detection. A new circular ARMA (CARMA) model is introduced to
represent the time series obtained for shape classification. This model is compared with a regular ARMA model and its high
resolution and accuracy is tested for several two dimensional objects. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to calculate
the insensitive features for shape classification and boundary reconstruction. The invariant right singular vectors of the
correlation matrix are used as an orthogonal basis for the solution space. The dimension of the spanned space (model order)
is calculated from a new nullity algorithm. To show the high resolution of the eigensystem approach, L(sub 1) and classical
L(sub 2) solutions are compared.
Author
Algorithms; Shapes; Two Dimensional Models; Eigenvectors
20060001802 NorthWest Research Associates, Inc., Bellevue, WA USA
Laboratory and Numerical Studies of the Effects of Shear on 3-D Vortex Evolution
Delisi, Donald P.; Robins, Robert E.; Aug. 17, 2005; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-01-C-0316
Report No.(s): AD-A440279; NWRA-BECR-05-R305; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This report documents the results of ONR Contract N00014-01-C-0316. The goal of this study was to begin to understand
the effects of vertical shear on the evolution of a vortex pair. Vorticity is always generated from a three-dimensional lifting
surface. Behind this surface, the vorticity typically rolls up quickly into a pair of counter-rotating vortices. Since vortices
transport mass and momentum, their evolution and persistence are important in naval hydrodynamics.
DTIC
Numerical Analysis; Shear Properties; Vortices
20060001803 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement Learning
Singh, Satinder; Barto, Andrew G.; Chentanez, Nuttapong; Jan. 1, 2005; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440280; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Psychologists call behavior intrinsically motivated when it is engaged in for its own sake rather than as a step toward
solving a specific problem of clear practical value. But what we learn during intrinsically motivated behavior is essential for
our development as competent autonomous entities able to efficiently solve a wide range of practical problems as they arise.
In this paper we present initial results from a computational study of intrinsically motivated reinforcement learning aimed at
allowing artificial agents to construct and extend hierarchies of reusable skills that are needed for competent autonomy.
DTIC
Learning; Problem Solving
20060001822 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
A Novel Non-Orthogonal Joint Diagonalization Cost Function for ICA
Afsari, Bijan; Krishnaprasad, P. S.; Jan. 1, 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0465
Report No.(s): AD-A440311; ISR-TR-2005-106; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We present a new scale-invariant cost function for non-orthogonal joint-diagonalization of a set of symmetric matrices
with application to Independent Component Analysis (ICA). We derive two gradient minimization schemes to minimize this
166

cost function. We also consider their performance in the context of an ICA algorithm based on non-orthogonal joint
diagonalization.
DTIC
Cost Estimates; Costs
20060001851 International Business Machines Corp., Yorktown Heights, NY USA
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix Multiplication
Chatterjee, Siddhartha; Lebeck, Alvin R.; Patnala, Praveen K.; Thottehodi, Mithuna; Jan. 1, 2005; 50 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DABT63-98-1-0001
Report No.(s): AD-A440384; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The performance of both serial and parallel implementations of matrix multiplication is highly sensitive to memory
system behavior. False sharing and cache conflicts cause traditional column-major or row-major array layouts to incur high
variability in memory system performance as matrix size varies. This paper investigates the use of recursive array layouts to
improve performance and reduce variability. Previous work on recursive matrix multiplication is extended to examine several
recursive array layouts and three recursive algorithms: standard matrix multiplication, and the more complex algorithms of
Strassen and Winograd. While recursive layouts significantly outperform traditional layouts (reducing execution times by a
factor of 1.2-2.5) for the standard algorithm, they offer little improvement for Strassen’s and Winograd’s algorithms. For a
purely sequential implementation, it is possible to reorder computation to conserve memory space and improve performance
between 10% and 20%. Carrying the recursive layout down to the level of individual matrix elements is shown to be
counter-productive; a combination of recursive layouts down to canonically ordered matrix tiles instead yields higher
performance. Five recursive layouts with successively increasing complexity of address computation are evaluated, and it is
shown that addressing overheads can be kept in control even for the most computationally demanding of these layouts.
DTIC
Architecture (Computers); Computer Storage Devices; Layouts; Matrices (Mathematics); Multiplication; Recursive Functions
20060001879 Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA USA
Numerical Studies of Acoustic Propagation in Shallow Water
Schneider, John B.; Nov. 13, 2005; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-96-1-0790
Report No.(s): AD-A440431; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Equations were derived which rigorously codify the propagation of fields in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) grids.
These equations were then used to construct a perfect total-field/scattered field boundary (which is used to inject energy into
the grid). Algorithms were developed to enhance the modeling of material boundaries in the FDTD method; the accuracy of
various FDTD or FDTD-like algorithms were rigorously studied; an FDTD algorithm was developed which is theoretically
exact (i.e., provided the grid is infinite the accuracy is limited only by the finite precision of computers); various computer
programs related to the FDTD method were written; and information and programs were disseminated via journal
publications, conference presentations, and the Web.
DTIC
Acoustic Propagation; Acoustics; Differential Equations; Finite Difference Theory; Shallow Water
20060001928 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA
Chemical Vapor Identification Using Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
Bryant, Chet K.; Jun. 9, 2004; 111 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440604; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) technology is used to identify chemicals in a liquid
or solid phase but not in a vapor phase. This research identified vapor phase chemicals using a field-portable ATR-FTIR
spectrometer combined with a solid phase microextraction (SPME) film. Two nerve agent simulants, diisopropyl
methylphosphonate (DIMP) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), and three polycarbosiloxane polymers were
evaluated using a TravelIR ATR-FTIR instrument. An SPME film was adhered to the TravelIR sampling interface to extract
and concentrate vapors to be identified by the TravelIR. The lowest air concentration identified was 50 ppb DIMP and 250
ppb DMMP. A remote sampling technique where SPME films were exposed to vapors and then transferred to the TravelIR
167

was only able to identify DMMP down to 10 ppm. This research demonstrates it is feasible to use ATR-FTIR to detect vapor
phase chemicals when combined with SPME film concentration techniques.
DTIC
Fourier Transformation; Infrared Detectors; Infrared Spectra; Reflectance; Solid Phases; Vapors
20060002029 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA
Superconvergence in the Generalized Finite Element Method
Babuska, Ivo; Banerjee, Uday; Osborn, John E.; Jan. 1, 2005; 41 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-1-0724; NSF DMS-03-41982
Report No.(s): AD-A440610; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper, we address the problem of the existence of superconvergence points of approximate solutions, obtained from
the Generalized Finite Element Method (GFEM), of a Neumann elliptic boundary value problem. GFEM is a Galerkin method
that uses non-polynomial shape functions. In particular, we show that the superconvergence points for the gradient of the
approximate are zeros of certain systems of non-linear equations that do not depend on the solution of the boundary value
problem. For approximate solutions with second derivatives, we have also characterized the superconvergence points of the
second derivatives of the approximate solution as the roots of certain systems of non-linear equations. We note that it is easy
to construct smooth generalized finite element approximation.
DTIC
Convergence; Finite Element Method; Problem Solving
20060002079 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Subgroup Membership Problem and Its Applications to Information Security
Yamamura, Akihiro; Saito, Taiichi; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special
Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 89-99; In English; See also 20060002073;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The widely used algorithmic problems, the quadratic residue problem and the decision Differ-Hellman problem, are
characterized as the subgroup membership problem. Several cryptographic schemes are realized assuming the hardness of the
subgroup membership problem. We apply the subgroup membership problem to several information security schemes: a
probabilistic encryption, a bit commitment and a private information retrieval.
Author
Algorithms; Information Retrieval; Security
20060002081 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
An Expansion Algorithm for Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key Ciphers
Tanaka, Hidema; Kaneko, Toshinobu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 119-128; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We show an expansion algorithm for a higher order differential cryptanalysis which is one of chosen plaintext attack
against symmetric block ciphers. Ordinary algorithm of higher order differential cryptanalysis derives an attack equation for
sub-keys in the last round. Our algorithm derives an attack equation for sub-keys in previous round using brute force search
to the subkeys in last round. As the result, comparing with original algorithm, our algorithm can attack one more round.
Though a five round modified MISTY1 which is a 64 bit block cipher can be attacked is well known, when our algorithm is
used, a six round modified MISTY1 can be broken.
Author
Algorithms; Cryptography; Differential Equations; Algebra
20060002082 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
Tanaka, Hidema; Tonomura, Yuji; Kaneko, Toshinobu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 135-140; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A multi rounds elimination method for higher order differential cryptanalysis is consisted of two rounds elimination attack
and probabilistic higher order differential cryptanalysis. A probabilistic higher order differential cryptanalysis is a method
168

using a value of higher order differential which holds with probability. The success of attack depends on the probability,
however, the necessary number of chosen paintext and computational cost become very small. ICEBERG is a block cipher
with sixteen round SPN structure. In this paper, we analyze its higher order differential property, and estimate its strength
against higher order differential attacks. As a result, we found that five round ICEBERG is attackable using eighth order
differential with 2,304 chosen cipher texts and 2(sup 85) times round function calculations. And in the case using probabilistic
seventh order differential, it is attackable with 1,152 chosen cipher texts and 283 times round function calculations and
probability about 0.7.
Author
Cryptography; Differential Equations; Algorithms; Reconfigurable Hardware
20060002083 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Error Detection and Authentication in Quantum Key Distribution
Yamamura, Akihiro; Ishizuka, Hirokazu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 141-151; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Detecting errors in a raw key and authenticating a private key are crucial for quantum key distribution schemes. Our aim
is to propose practical methods for error detection and authentication in quantum key distribution schemes. We introduce
several concepts about neighborhood collision free properties of Boolean functions, which are closely related to hash
functions, and propose methods based on neighborhood collision free functions and error correcting codes such as
Reed-Solomon code. We also examine whether or not widely used cryptographic hash functions SHA-1 and MD5 satisfy the
neighborhood collision free property by computation experiments.
Author
Computer Information Security; Error Correcting Codes; Quantum Cryptography
20060002084 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural Language Text
Takizawa, Osamu; Yamamura, Akihiro; Makino, Kyoko; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 173-183; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Modifying the idea of the visual cryptography, we propose a method of sharing a secret key using natural language tests.
Our target here is restricted to Japanese tests. Each participant obtains a share, which is a Japanese test in our scheme. When
a certain number of participants retrieve the secret key, they supply their shares and pile up these natural language tests. The
sequence of the first, second (and so on) letters occurred in the pile shows the secret text. The order of the pile is significant,
and changing the order may yield the distinct secret text. It is easy to pile the shared natural language texts by computer
operation. Human eyes can recognize the secret text from the piled texts. However, we aim to construct a natural language
text secret sharing scheme employing a morphological analyzer because a meaningless phrase is a chain of morphemes
consisting of one word with a high probability. We can make a shared natural text look like a natural text without any secret
meaning by synthesizing using a text database.
Author
Cryptography; Natural Language (Computers); Algorithms; Texts
20060002089 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus Two Hyperelliptic Curves
Sugizaki, Hiroki; Kazuto, Matsuo; Chao, Jinhun; Tsujii, Shigeo; Journal of the National Institute of Information and
Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 111-117; In
English; See also 20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A fast addition algorithm for divisor classes of genus two hyperelliptic curves over finite fields of odd characteristics was
proposed by Harley in 2000 and a lot of improvements of the algorithm has been proposed, besides extensions of the algorithm
for the curves over finite fields of characteristic two have been proposed by the authors and Lange independently. However,
any Harley algorithm over arbitrary characteristic firlds have not been known until now. This paper shows a generalization
of the Harley algorithm to genus two hyper elliptic curves over finite fields of arbitrary characteristics. The proposed algorithm
169

takes I+26M, I+31M for an addition and a doubling respectively, where I and M denote the cost for an inversion and a
multiplication over the definition firld respectively.
Author
Algorithms; Ellipticity; Cryptography; Curves
20060002091 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
A Study on Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KASUMI
Tanaka, Hidema; Sugio, Nobuyuki; Kaneko, Toshinobu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 129-134; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, we show the strength of 128 bit secret key -64 bit block cipher KASUMI which is the standard cipher
algorithm in the third generation mobile phone system, against higher order differential attack. KASUMI is a variant of
MISTY1 which has provable security against linear and differential cryptanalysis. Our attack algorithm is a chosen plaintext
attack and uses higher order differential property. We found an effective choice of plaintexts for the attack by computer
simulations. When the effective chosen plaintexts are used, 5 round KASUMI (original has 8 round) can be attacked by 2(sup
22) chosen plaintexts and 2(sup 63) computational cost.
Author
Algorithms; Cryptography; Differential Equations; Bits
20060002092 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Information Hiding on Digital Documents by Adjustment of New-line Positions
Takizawa, Osamu; Matsumoto, Tsutomu; Nakagawa, Hiroshi; Murase, Ichiro; Makino, Kyoko; Journal of the National
Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2;
March/June 2005, pp. 153-171; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In the usual hiding applied to digital documents, secret messages are embedded in the layout information (e.g., the space
between lines or characters) because character codes have no redundancy. This paper describes a new method for hiding
information in plain text without using any layout information. It enables a secret message to be embedded as binary digits
that are related to the number of characters in each line of the cover text.
Author
Binary Digits; Natural Language Processing; Steganography
20060002146 Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Stability Analysis for Discrete Two-Dimensional Systems
Shaflee, Masoad; Porter, William A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 694-697; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper considers the I-D wave advance model introduced an equivalent to the 2-D Roesser’s model. The wave
advance model provides a new vehicle for the study of the stability of 2-D digital recursive filters.
Author
Two Dimensional Models; Stability Tests; Mathematical Models
20060002147 North Carolina Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
Performance Analysis of Multidimensional Block State-Space Models
Chwen-Jye, Ju; Alexander, Winser E.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 698-701; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes the construction and performance analysis of N-D block state-space models. Based on
Givone-Roesser’s circuit approach, a novel approach of establishing N.D block state-space models is presented. It shown for
the proposed block state-space model that the dynamic range constraint in each tuple is invariant under extension. In addition,
the average roundoff noise variance due to the rounding errors in the i-th tuple is reduced by a factor equal to the block length
in this tuple.
Author
Reliability Analysis; Circuits
170

20060002188 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
Block Digital Filtering Via Incremental Block State Structure
Parhi, Keshab Kumar; Messerschmitt, David G.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2;
1987, pp. 645-; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00039-86-R-0365; NSF DCI-85-17739; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Previous approaches on block realization of recursive digital filters have been based on block-state and parallel block-state
representations. However, the multiplication complexity of these block structures is proportional to the square of the block
size, and hence is unacceptable for very large block sizes. In this paper, we introduce a new incremental block-state structure
for block realization of LTI recursive digital filters of multiplication complexity linear in block size. Block realization of
multi-rate recursive digital filters via the incremental block-state structure is also presented.
Author
IIR Filters; Digital Filters
20060002193 Stevens Inst. of Tech., Hoboken, NJ, USA
On the Synthesizability of Multidimensional Lossless Two-Ports
Basu, Sankar; Fettweis, A.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 690-693; In
English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In view of their relevance to multivariable passive synthesis, the problems of factorization of the scattering matrix and
the scattering hybrid matrix associated with lumped multidimensional lossless two-port networks into two matrices of similar
type are studied. Necessary and sufficient conditions for such factorability is derived. Special attention is paid to the
factorization of scattering matrices when the two-port is symmetric and antimetric.
Author
Factorization; Matrices (Mathematics)
20060002194 Technion - Israel Inst. of Tech., Haifa, Israel
On Several Variable Zero Sets and Application to MIMO Feedback Stabilization
Fruchter, Gila; Srebro, Uri; Zeheb, Ezra; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 688-689; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Various stability and design problems in a variety of areas such as control theory, signal processing and circuit theory can
be reduced to the problem of locating the zero set, i.e., the set V of all zeros s = (s1...,sm) in a given set G in R(sup m) of
a complex valued function f, which depends on real variables s1,,,sm and on n complex parameters A,,...,An , where each
parameter A1 is allowed to vary in some given set K. in the extended complex plane C=CU{infinity}. If the let K =
K1x...xKn and A = (A,,...,An), then = {seG: S A(epsilon)K such that f(A,s) = 0} which shows that the problem of finding V
can be highly non-trivial even for very simple cases.
Derived from text
Control Theory; Design Analysis; MIMO (Control Systems)
20060002195 Tohoku Univ., Sendai, Japan
Minimization of Sensitivity of 2-D State-Space Digital Filters and Its Relation to 2-D Balanced Realizations
Kawamata, Masayuki; Lin, Tao; Higuchi, Tatsuo; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2;
1987, pp. 710-713; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The average coefficient sensitivity of 2-D state-space digital filters is defined and can be evaluated by the 2-D
controllability and the 2-D observability Gramians. The minimization of sensitivity via 2-D equivalent transformations is
considered in cases of having no constraint and having the &_2-norm scaling constraint on the state vector. In the first case,
the minimum sensitivity realizations are equivalent to the 2- D balanced realizations modulo a block orthogonal
transformation. In the second case, the minimization of sensitivity is equivalent to the minimization of roundoff noise under
the E2-norm scaling constraint.
Author
Digital Filters; Optimization
171

65
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Includes data sampling and smoothing; Monte Carlo method; time series analysis; and stochastic processes.
20060001585 Rice Univ., Houston, TX, USA
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a Class of Non-Gaussian Densities with Application to Deconvolution
Pham, Trung T.; deFigueiredo, Rui J. P.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 2.6.1-2.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-85-K-0152; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, we investigate in detail the properties of the maximum likelihood estimator of the generalized p-Gaussian
(gpG) probability density function (PDF) from N independent identically distributed (iid) samples, especially in the context
of the deconvolution problem under gpG white noise. In the first part, we describe the properties of the estimator
independently of the application. In the second part, we obtain the solution of the above-mentioned deconvolution problem
as the solution of a minimum norm problem in an l(sub P) normed space. In the present paper, we show that such a minimum
norm solution is the maximum likelihood estimate of the system function parameters and show that such an estimate is
unbiased, with the lower bound of the variance of the error equal to the Cramer-Rao lower bound, and the upper bound derived
from the concept of a generalized inverse, both of which we also give.
Author
Cramer-Rao Bounds; Maximum Likelihood Estimates; Probability Theory
20060001603 Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicacion, Madrid, Spain
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates of Second-Order AR Process Parcor Coefficients
Garcia-Otero, Mariano; Casar-Corredera, Jose R.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 2.1.1 - 2.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Up to now, the attempts to give a complete probabilistic description of estimated reflection coefficients have been
developed under simplifying assumptions, being these either long data records, allowing us to assume the estimates to be
Gaussianly distributed, or white noise signals. On the contrary, the purpose of this paper is to present explicit formulae for
the marginal probability density functions of the estimated reflection coefficients of an arbitrary second-order stationary
Gaussian autoregressive process; such expressions are consistent with the asymptotic distributions of the estimates, and are
empirically verified to be also valid for short records (some tenths of data points). The probabilistic model involves a
parametric family of distributions obtained by using a classical result in Statistical Theory; its parameters are then redefined
so as to achieve the desired asymptotic behaviour of the first and second order moments of the distributions.
Author
Statistical Analysis; Autoregressive Processes; Probability Density Functions; White Noise; Asymptotic Series; Coeffıcients
20060001610 California Univ., Irvine, CA, USA
On the Probability Density Function of the LMS Adaptive Filter Weights
Qu, L. Z.; Bershad, N. J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 4.2.1 - 4.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AFOSR-86-0093; AFOSR Proj. 2304/A6; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, the joint probability density function of the weight vector in LMS adaptation is studied for Gaussian data
models. An exact expression is derived for the characteristic function of the weight vector at time n+1 conditioned on the
weight vector at time n. The conditional characteristic function is expanded in a Taylor series and averaged over the unknown
weight density to yield a first order partial differential-difference equation in the un-conditioned characteristic function of the
weight vector.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Eigenvalues; Eigenvectors; Probability Theory
20060001622 Strathclyde Univ., Glasgow, UK
New Algorithm for Estimating Optic Flow for Low Level Vision Systems
Chalabi, N. A.; Durrani, T. S.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.19.1 - 7.19.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A method of estimating the optical flow in a noisy image sequence is presented. In this approach a gradient matching
172

procedure is effectively combined with an image differencing technique to obtain displacement vectors between two
successive frames. The resulting displacement field is dense, and leads to compact depth maps. The computational cost is
shown to be lower than in a simple correlation method. A maximum likelihood estimate is used to characterize the probability
of match which can give a local estimate of the noise distribution in the frame sequence. Such knowledge can be used
effectively for the determination of displacement vectors in subsequent frames of the image sequence.
Author
Algorithms; Estimating; Image Analysis; Probability Theory
20060001662 Minnesota Univ., USA
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently Averaged Covariance Matrix for the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources
Hung, H.; Kaveh, M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 2.2.1-2.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N000I4-86-K-0410; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we investigate the degree of sufficiency of the approximately coherently averaged covariance matrix via a
relative efficiency measure, termed the Relative Information Index (RII), for the estimation of the parameters of multiple
wideband sources. First, we prove that all the narrowband sample covariance matrices are minimal sufficient under the
asymptotic normality condition of the raw data samples. The asymptotic distribution and its associated first- and second-order
statistics of the approximately coherently averaged covariance matrix are derived. The Fisher’s Information matrices of the
statistic and the raw data are then evaluated for the computation of the RII’s.
Author
Asymptotic Series; Asymptotic Methods; Matrices (Mathematics); Broadband; Covariance
20060001667 Rhode Island Univ., Kingston, RI, USA
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive Processes
Kay, Steven; Sengupta, Debasis; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 2.5.1-2.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-84-K-0527; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new technique for the estimation of autoregressive filter parameters of a non-Gaussian autoregressive process is
proposed. The probability density function of the driving noise is assumed to be known. The new technique is a two-stage
procedure motivated by maximum likelihood estimation. It is computationally much simpler than the maximum likelihood
estimator and does not suffer from convergence problems. Computer simulations indicate that unlike the least squares or linear
prediction estimators, the proposed estimator is nearly efficient, even for moderately sized data records.
Author
Autoregressive Processes; Computerized Simulation; Statistics; Probability Theory
20060001679 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA
On the Stability of Adaptive Lattice Filters
Lev-Ari, H.; Chiang, K. F.; Kailath, T.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 395-398; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new approach to stability of adaptive filters is presented. The notion of constrained-input constrained-output (CICO)
stability is introduced as a generalization of the standard notion of bounded-input/bounded-output (BIBO) stability. This new
notion involves a set of constraints on the filter data (i.e., signals and parameters) that, unlike boundedness, are specific to the
filter in consideration. The set of all data that satisfy the constraints is the feasibility domain of the adaptive filter. Three
particular adaptive lattice filters are analyzed: (i)Burg’s lattice, (ii)the unnormalized RLS lattice, and (iii)the normalized RLS
lattice. We derive the feasibility domains of these adaptive filters and prove that they are CICO stable.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Stability
20060001703 Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Naperville, IL, USA
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral Shaping
Thomson, David L.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 6.10.1 - 6.10.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
173

A new approach to making voiced/unvoiced decisions is presented. The technique is very accurate and dynamically adapts
to a wide range of environments. Reliable decisions are achieved by using a weighted sum of multiple speech parameters.
Instead of using discriminant analysis to determine the optimal weights, voiced and unvoiced frames are separated into two
clusters by a multivariate clustering algorithm. Since cluster analysis requires no prior voicing information, the decision rule
is computed from the incoming speech rather than from a training set. An adaptive clustering algorithm is derived which
continuously adjusts the weights in response to changing speech characteristics.
Author
Multivariate Statistical Analysis; Cluster Analysis; Algorithms; Discriminant Analysis (Statistics); Distortion; Noise (Sound)
20060001728 Naval Underwater Systems Center, New London, CT, USA
High Resolution Time Delay Estimation
Kirsteins, Ivars P.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 12.5.1 - 12.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A new method is presented for estimating the arrival times of deterministic signal pulses that are separated by less than
the duration of the signal autocorrelation function. The method is based on the observation that if the signal has a flat
band-limited spectrum, then the maximum-likelihood estimator for the signal time of arrivals can be approximately
implemented as an unweighted least-squares exponential fitting problem. An improved linear prediction algorithm for high
resolution exponential parameter estimation is then used to estimate the time arrivals. The proposed method is tested via
computer simulation and it’s performance is compared against the Cramer-Rao lower bound.
Author
Time Lag; High Resolution
20060001729 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Saint Martin d’Heres, France
Time Delay Estimation by Autoregressive Modelization
Pallas, M. A.; Martin, N.; Martin, J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 12.6.1 - 12.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
From an active underwater acoustics experiment, we intend to estimate the time delays of the multipath propagation, in
the case where the time differences of arrival are not large enough to be treated by classical methods. After estimating the
propagation filter transfer function, we apply the autoregressive modelization to these frequential data. We deduce the delays
values from the poles locations of the AR model. Simulations of the processing are presented. Finally, the method is applied
to real data.
Author
Time Lag; Simulation; Transfer Functions
20060001820 Maryland Univ., Baltimore, MD USA
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading Agent Competition
Ding, Li; Finin, Tim; Shi, Youngmei; Zou, Youyong; Ding, Zhongli; Pan, Rong; Jan. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-97-1-0215
Report No.(s): AD-A440305; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The UMBCTAC agent was one of the top ranked agents in the third international Trading Agent Competition (TAC’02).
This paper describes and evaluates the key heuristics used by UMBCTAC. including the early bird heuristic, the balance
heuristic, and the separation heuristic. We developed a simple gain- risk model to search safe and profitable allocations for
hotel rooms and airline tickets. We also used a novel probabilistic approach to dynamically allocate entertainment tickets and
bid in entertainment auctions. We conclude with a description of ongoing and planned work.
DTIC
Competition; Heuristic Methods; Probability Theory
20060001825 Maryland Univ. Baltimore County, Catonsville, MD USA
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for Remotely Sensed Imagery
Chang, Chein-I; Ren, Hsuan; Chang, Chein-Chi; D’Amico, Francis; Jensen, James O.; Jun. 1, 2004; 13 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440318; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
One of the challenges in remote sensing image processing is subpixel detection where the target size is smaller than the
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ground sampling distance, therefore, embedded in a single pixel. Under such a circumstance, these targets can be only detected
spectrally at the subpixel level, not spatially as ordinarily conducted by classical image processing techniques. This paper
investigates a more challenging issue than subpixel detection, which is the estimation of target size at the subpixel level. More
specifically, when a subpixel target is detected, we would like to know ‘what is the size of this particular target within the
pixel?’ The proposed approach is to estimate the abundance fraction of a subpixel target present in a pixel, then find what
portion it contributes to the pixel that can be used to determine the size of the subpixel target by multiplying the ground
sampling distance. In order to make our idea work, the subpixel target abundance fraction must be accurately estimated to truly
reflect the portion of a subpixel target occupied within a pixel. So, a fully constrained linear unmixing method is required to
reliably estimate the abundance fractions of a subpixel target for its size estimation. In this paper, a recently developed fully
constrained least squares linear unmixing is used for this purpose. Experiments are conducted to demonstrate the utility of the
proposed method in comparison with an unconstrained linear unmixing method, unconstrained least squares method, two
partially constrained least square linear unmixing methods, sum-to-one constrained least squares, and nonnegativity
constrained least squares.
DTIC
Detection; Estimates; Image Processing; Imagery; Least Squares Method; Remote Sensing; Targets
20060001835 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social Network Dynamics Model
Banks, H. T.; Karr, A. F.; Nguyen, H. K.; Samuels, J. R., Jr; Nov. 14, 2005; 16 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AFOSR-FA9550-04-1-0220
Report No.(s): AD-A440344; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The dynamics of social networks are modeled with a system of continuous Stochastic Ordinary Differential Equations
(SODE). With the proper amount of noise input, the SODE model captures dynamic features that are lacking in the
corresponding deterministic ODE model. Therefore, sensitivity to noise levels is investigated by considering four different
regimes: essentially deterministic, noise-enriched, noise-enlarged, and noise-dominated. Each regime is defined based on the
behavior of solutions of the SODE, and the geometry of the regimes is categorized with stochastic simulations.
DTIC
Differential Equations; Human Relations; Mathematical Models; Network Analysis; Sensitivity; Stochastic Processes
20060001852 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Practical Markov Logic Containing First-Order Quantifiers With Application to Identity Uncertainty
Culotta, Aron; McCallum, Andrew; Sep. 8, 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440385; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Markov logic is a highly expressive language recently introduced to specify the connectivity of a Markov network using
first-order logic. While Markov logic is capable of constructing arbitrary first-order formulae over the data, the complexity of
these formulae is often limited in practice because of the size and connectivity of the resulting network. In this paper, we
present approximate inference and training methods that incrementally instantiate portions of the network as needed to enable
first-order existential and universal quantifiers in Markov logic networks. When applied to the problem of object identification,
this approach results in a conditional probabilistic model that can reason about objects, combining the expressively of recently
introduced BLOG models with the predictive power of conditional training. We validate our algorithms on the tasks of citation
matching and author disambiguation.
DTIC
Identities; Markov Processes
20060001857 Connecticut Univ., Storrs, CT USA
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired Effects
Tu, Haiying; Levchuk, Yuri N.; Pattipati, Krishna R.; Jan. 1, 2002; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-00-1-0101
Report No.(s): AD-A440391; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This paper provides a new methodology for obtaining a near-optimal strategy (i.e., specification of courses of action over
time) for achieving the desired effects in a mission environment that also is robust to environmental perturbations (i.e.,
unexpected events and/or parameter uncertainties). A dynamic Bayesian network (DBN)-based stochastic mission model is
employed to represent the dynamic and uncertain nature of the environment. Genetic algorithms are applied to search for a
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near-optimal strategy with DBN serving as a fitness evaluator. The probability of achieving the desired effects (namely, the
probability of success) at a specified terminal time is a random variable due to uncertainties in the environment. Consequently,
the authors focus on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a measure of mean and variance of the probability of success, to gauge the
goodness of a strategy. The resulting strategy will not only have a relatively high probability of inducing the desired effects,
but also be robust to environmental uncertainties.
DTIC
Bayes Theorem; Mathematical Models; Optimization; Organizations
20060001859 Connecticut Univ., Storrs, CT USA
Goal Management in Organizations: A Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
Meirina, Candra; Levchuk, Yuri N.; Levchuk, Georgiy M.; Pattipati, Krishna R.; Kleinman, David L.; Jan. 1, 2005; 25 pp.;
In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-00-1-0101
Report No.(s): AD-A440393; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Goal management is the process of recognizing or inferring goals of individual team members; abandoning goals that are
no longer relevant; identifying and resolving conflicts among goals; and prioritizing goals consistently for optimal team
collaboration and effective operations. A Markov decision process (MDP) approach is employed to maximize the probability
of achieving the primary goals (a subset of all goals). The authors seek to address the computational adequacy of an MDP as
a planning model by introducing novel problem domain-specific heuristic evaluation functions (HEF) to aid the search
process. They employ the optimal AO* search and two suboptimal greedy search algorithms to solve the MDP problem. A
comparison of these algorithms to the dynamic programming algorithm shows that computational complexity can be reduced
substantially. In addition, they recognize that embedded in the MDP solution there are a number of different action sequences
by which a team’s goals can be realized. That is, in achieving the aforementioned optimality criterion, they identify alternate
sequences for accomplishing the primary goals.
DTIC
Decision Making; Heuristic Methods; Markov Processes; Military Operations; Optimization; Planning
20060001895 North Dakota Univ., Grand Forks, ND USA
Characteristics, Nonlinearity of Statistical Control and Relations with Dynamic Game Theory
Won, Chang-Hee; Nov. 7, 2005; 6 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0212
Report No.(s): AD-A440472; ARO-47574.3-CI-II; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
The PI was awarded a short-term innovative research grant through the University of North Dakota. The grant period was
15 April 2005 to 14 January 2006. However, during the grant period the PI transferred to Temple University in August 2005.
So, the PI is submitting the final progress report with the results that the PI obtained during 15 April 2005 to 31 August 2005.
The main objective of this proposal was to develop statistical control theory. Statistical control is a generalization of Kalman’s
linear-quadratic-Gaussian control, where one optimizes the probability density of the performance index by controlling the
cumulants. A statistical controller will have better performance and stability margin than the linear-quadratic-Gaussian
controller. In this project, the authors investigated the characteristics of linear statistical controllers, developed nonlinear
statistical control theory, and utilized the statistical control paradigm in dynamic game theory.
DTIC
Dynamic Programming; Game Theory; Nonlinear Systems; Nonlinearity; Optimization
20060001896 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Active Contours for Multispectral Images With Non-Homogeneous Sub-Regions
Snyder, Wesley E.; Sep. 16, 2005; 114 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0432
Report No.(s): AD-A440479; ARO-47072.1-C1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this work, we develop a framework for image segmentation which partitions an image based on the statistics of image
intensity where the statistical information is represented as a mixture of probability density functions defined in a
multi-dimensional image intensity space. Depending on the method to estimate the mixture density functions, three active
contour models are proposed: unsupervised multi-dimensional histogram method, half-supervised multivariate Gaussian
mixture density method, and supervised multivariate Gaussian mixture density method. The implementation of active contours
176

is done using level sets. The proposed active contour models show robust segmentation capabilities on images where
traditional segmentation methods show poor performance. Also, the proposed methods provide a means of autonomous pattern
classification by integrating image segmentation and statistical pattern classification.
DTIC
Contours; Probability Density Functions
20060002183 RCA Advanced Technology Labs., Moorestown, NJ, USA
On Counting the Number of Cycles in Graphs
Pierantozzi, Donald C.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987, pp. 484-486; In
English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
It is well known that the number of spanning trees of an arbitrary (in)-complete labelled undirected graph serves as a
complexity measure for the graph. In [4] a generalized technique for finding the complexity of an arbitrary graph of this type
was provided. In [5] the circuit rank of the same graph was introduced as an additional complexity measure along with the
appropriate counting procedures. The basic results of [5] are extended to the generalized classes of directed labelled
multigraphs. The solutions for undirected labelled multigraphs as well as simple directed and undirected labelled graphs are
shown to follow immediately from the main results. Before presenting solutions some necessary definitions and notation are
developed.
Author
Graph Theory; Graphs (Charts); Counting; Cycles
66
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Includes mathematical modeling of systems; network analysis; mathematical programming; decision theory; and game theory.
20060001609 Brown Univ., Providence, RI, USA
An Early Decision, Real-Time Connected-Speech Recognizer
Silverman, Harvey F.; Morgan, David P.; Miller, Susan M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 3.9.1-3.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): ECS-8113494; DMC-8504277; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
It is often important that recognition decisions be made nearly instantaneously, i.e., early-decision, in applied
connected-speech recognition systems. Therefore, many algorithms, which defer decisions until the end of an utterance, are
unsuitable for these systems. This paper describes an early-decision recognizer, which has been operational at LEMS for about
two years. For system-development purposes, the recognizer is programmed to reduce the data and make decisions
sequentially using a multi-microprocessor implementation. While impractical for a development system, all algorithms are
designed for a parallel, real-time, early-decision implementation. Connected-digit performance analysis, obtained from an
automatic-evaluation system, is presented for ten male and ten female talkers. The reported evaluation has established a
baseline word accuracy of 91.5 %.
Author
Speech Recognition; Systems Engineering; Words (Language); Microprocessors; Real Time Operation; Data Reduction;
Algorithms
20060001669 Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicacion, Barcelona, Spain
Non-Linear Adaptive Signal Processor
Lagunas, M. A.; Vallverdu, F.; Santamaria, M. E.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 4.3.1 - 4.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): CAICYT-21096/84; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper is a first attempt to give formalism to non-linear system design and in which context, related with similar linear
processing techniques, they are located. A summary on the relation-ship of linear objectives and classical adaptive algorithms,
in non-linear design problems, introduces the paper; giving the potential of random search techniques in order to open the
different problems in non-linear objectives that could be handled with them. After, the similarity between probability
distribution functions and power spectral density in linear processing is shown. This is supported by a nice example of
177

non-linear system design. Finally, some prospective work is reported in the problem of adaptive companding design.
Author
Nonlinearity; Signal Processing; Probability Distribution Functions
20060001776 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling in Hard Real-Time Systems
Swaminathan, Vishnu; Chakrabarty, Krishnendu; Jan. 1, 2005; 5 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-00-1-8946
Report No.(s): AD-A440180; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We investigate the effect of voltage-switching on task execution times and energy consumption for dual-speed hard
real-time systems, and present a new approach for scheduling workloads containing periodic tasks. Our method minimizes the
total energy consumed by the task set and guarantees that the deadline for every task is met. We present a mixed-integer linear
programming model for the NP complete scheduling problem and solve it for moderate sized problem instances using a
public-domain solver. For larger task sets, we present a novel extended-low-energy earliest-deadline-first (E-LEDF)
scheduling algorithm and apply it to two real-life task sets. Our results show that energy can be conserved in embedded
real-time systems using energy-aware task scheduling. We also show that switching times have a significant effect on the
energy consumed in hard real-time systems.
DTIC
Algorithms; Electric Potential; Real Time Operation; Scheduling; Switching
20060001777 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Dynamic I/O Power Management for Hard Real-Time Systems
Swaminathan, Vishnu; Chakrabarty, Krishnendu; Iyengar, S. S.; Jan. 1, 2005; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-00-1-8946
Report No.(s): AD-A440182; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Power consumption is an important design parameter for embedded and portable systems. Software-controlled (or
dynamic) power management (DPM) has recently emerged as an attractive alternative to inflexible hardware solutions. DPM
for hard real-time systems has received relatively little attention. In particular, energy-driven I/O device scheduling for
real-time systems has not been considered before. We present the first online DPM algorithm, which we call Low Energy
Device Scheduler (LEDES), for hard real-time systems. LEDES takes as inputs a predetermined task schedule and a
device-usage list for each task and it generates a sequence of sleep/working states for each device. it guarantees that real-time
constraints are not violated and it also minimizes the energy consumed the I/O devices used by the task set. LEDES is
energy-optimal under the constraint that the start times of the tasks are fixed. We present a case study to show that LEDES
can reduce energy consumption by almost 50%.
DTIC
Algorithms; Energy Consumption; Management Systems; Real Time Operation; Scheduling
20060001778 Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH USA
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-Agent Resource Allocation
Bredin, Jonathan; Maheswaran, Rajiv T.; Imer, Cagri; Basar, Tamer; Kotz, David; Rus, Daniela; Jan. 1, 2005; 9 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-97-1-0382; F30602-98-2-0107
Report No.(s): AD-A440183; PCS-TR99-360; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This paper considers resource allocation in a network with mobile agents competing for computational priority. We
formulate this problem as a multi-agent game with the players being agents purchasing service from a common server. We
show that there exists a computable Nash equilibrium when agents have perfect information into the future. We simulate a
network of hosts and agents using our strategy to show that our resource-allocation mechanism effectively prioritize agents
according to their endowments.
DTIC
Game Theory; Resource Allocation; Resources Management
20060001831 Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ USA
An Optimal Network-Based Approach to Scheduling and Re-Rostering Continuous Heterogeneous Workforces
Knighton, Shane A.; Aug. 1, 2005; 198 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440330; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
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This dissertation presents a mathematical programming approach to the personnel tour scheduling problem based upon
a minimum cost network flow formulation with specialized side constraints. The linear program optimally solves the tour
scheduling problem for industries with continuous (24-hour) operations and a heterogeneous workforce, such as fast food
restaurants, hotels and resorts, university computer labs, nurses in large health care systems, and retail sales. The methodology
allows for a workforce with varying availabilities, part and full-time employees, differing skill-sets and wage rates, and
minimum and maximum shift requirements per week. Additionally, the formulation can quickly adjust an optimal schedule
due to sickness, vacation, hiring or firing with the workforce, and minimize the number of deviations within the original
schedule. A methodology that can optimally schedule both a continuous and a heterogeneous workforce in an insignificant
amount of computational time is unique in the literature. In many instances, the linear program generates integral solutions
to the tour-scheduling problem without branching, bounding, or cutting techniques. An interior-point method solves the
formulation in less than 3 seconds for large problem instances of 80 employees scheduled to 420 distinct shifts. The efficiency
of the formulation is presented for many test sets of problems as well as an application to the tour-scheduling problem of
computer lab staffing at Arizona State University and nurses with the Banner Health network of heath care providers.
DTIC
Heterogeneity; Linear Programming; Manpower; Personnel; Scheduling
20060001855 Connecticut Univ., Storrs, CT USA
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for Organizational Design
Levchuk, Georgiy M.; Levchuk, Yuri N.; Luo, Jie; Tu, Fang; Pattipati, Krishna R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 41 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-93-1-0793; N00014-98-1-0465
Report No.(s): AD-A440389; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This paper presents a library of algorithms to solve a broad range of optimization problems arising in the normative design
of organizations to execute a specific mission. The use of specific optimization algorithms for different phases of the design
process leads to an efficient matching between the mission structure and that of an organization and its resources/constraints.
This library of algorithms forms the core of the authors’ design software environment for synthesizing organizations that are
congruent with their missions. It allows an analyst to obtain an acceptable trade-off among multiple objectives and constraints,
as well as between computational complexity and solution efficiency (i.e., desired degree of sub-optimality).
DTIC
Algorithms; Command and Control; Libraries; Optimization; Organizations
20060001856 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing of Organizational Congruence
Kleinman, David L.; Levchuk, Georgiy M.; Hutchins, Susan G.; Kemple, William G.; Jan. 1, 2005; 14 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440390; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Over the past several years, researchers within the ONR-sponsored Adaptive Architectures for Command and Control
(A2C2) research program have been investigating the concept of organizational ‘congruence.’ These model-based theories
loosely state that the better an organization is matched structurally to the overall mission (as measured using a multi-variant
set of workload/ congruence metrics) the better will that organization perform, and that mismatches are potential drivers for
the adaptation of organization structure. To test the congruence theories and their corollaries in a laboratory experiment, the
authors’ approach was to seek two sufficiently disparate organizational structures and then design two missions (or scenarios)
that would exploit the differences in these two structures. One scenario would be ‘tuned’ to organization 1 to exhibit a high
degree of congruence, but at the same time it would be ‘mismatched’ (i.e., exhibit low congruence) with organization 2.
Conversely, the second scenario would be engineered to be congruent with organization 2, but incongruent with organization
1. This paper describes the selection of the two organizations, and the model-driven design of the two scenarios.
DTIC
Command and Control; Congruences; Optimization; Organizations; War Games
20060001917 New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM USA
On Models for Coordination of Activity and It’s Disruption
Lakey, Joseph; Coombs, Mike; Izu, Scott; Weaver, Chris; Sep. 25, 2005; 25 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0211
Report No.(s): AD-A440554; AS02-0145; NMSU-2003005; ARO-43787.3-MA; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical
Information Center (DTIC)
179

The aim of this three year project under the contract number ARO DAAD19-02-1-0211 was to develop a mathematical
modeling and metrics framework for supporting the threat evaluation stage of the Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield
(IPB) process of asynchronous Low Intensity Conflict (LIC) threats (FM34-7, Section 3-9). The first goal was to assess the
extent to which emergent coordination happens among agents in so-called ping system simulations that model action taking
place in a constrained resource environment. The second, related goal, was to assess whether the simulation systems possess
near optimal fitness states. This report discusses how these assessments were made in the contexts of specific sets of agent
decision and action protocols.
DTIC
Adaptation; Coordination; Threat Evaluation
20060002021 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable Controllers
O’Neal, Jeremy R., Inventor; Aug. 24, 2005; 30 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-D020230; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
An apparatus provides a correction value for an oscillator. At least one parameter sensor measures a system parameter
influencing the oscillator. A lookup table determines a cycle adjustment value based on the system parameter. A processor
joined to the oscillator implements the cycle adjustment value to correct for oscillator variation. Cycle adjustment values can
be computed in both whole cycles and partial cycles through accumulated error thresholding. The parameter sensor can be a
temperature sensor, a voltage sensor or both kinds of sensors. The lookup table and processor can have additional terms to
account for hysteresis in the oscillator.
DTIC
Computer Programming; Control; Controllers; Correction; Loops; Patent Applications
20060002101 Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Japan
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses - A New Approach -
Mori, Akira; Izumida, Tomonori; Sawada, Toshimi; Inoue, Tadashi; Journal of the National Institute of Information and
Communications Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 75-88; In
English; See also 20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We give an overview of a tool detect computer viruses without relying on ‘pattern files’ that contain ‘signatures’ of
previously captured viruses. The system combines static code analysis with code simulation to identify malicious behaviours
commonly found in computer viruses such as mass mailing, file infection, and registry overwrite. These prohibited behaviours
are defined separately as security policies at the level of API library function calls in a state-transition like language. The
current tool targets at Win32 binary viruses on IntelIA32 architectures and experiments show that they can detect most e-mail
viruses that had spread in the wild in recent years.
Author
Computer Viruses; Detection; Policies; Computer Security; Systems Analysis
20060002139 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a Tile Plane
Sato, Masao; Sakanaka, Jiro; Ohtsuki, Tatsuo; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Volume 2; 1987,
pp. 588-591; In English; See also 20060002103
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ECS-85-06901; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we present a new fast line-search method based on a simple data structure, named a tile plane. It always finds
a path, if one exists, and updates geometrical information in 0(k) time, after an 0(nlogn) preprocessing, where n is the number
of vertices of routable region and k is the number of searched vertices. Then we enhance the algorithm and show a minimum
bend path can be obtained in 0(klogk) time. Since k is much less than n usually, our algorithm is quite efficient, especially
in case that wiring nets or pin pairs are routed one after another.
Author
Data Structures; Preprocessing; Tiles; Computer Programming
20060002404 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Reducing Labeling Effort for Structured Prediction Tasks
Culotta, Aron; McCallum, Andrew; Jan. 1, 2005; 7 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440382; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
180

A common obstacle preventing the rapid deployment of supervised machine learning algorithms is the lack of labeled
training data. This is particularly expensive to obtain for structured prediction tasks, where each training instance may have
multiple, interacting labels, all of which must be correctly annotated for the instance to be of use to the learner. Traditional
active learning addresses this problem by optimizing the order in which the examples are labeled to increase learning
efficiency. However, this approach does not consider the difficulty of labeling each example, which can vary widely in
structured prediction tasks. For example, the labeling predicted by a partially trained system may be easier to correct for some
instances than for others. We propose a new active learning paradigm which reduces not only how many instances the
annotator must label, but also how difficult each instance is to annotate. The system also leverages information from partially
correct predictions to efficiently solicit annotations from the user. We validate this active learning framework in an interactive
information extraction system, reducing the total number of annotation actions by 22%.
DTIC
Machine Learning; Algorithms
67
THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS
Includes algebra, functional analysis, geometry, topology, set theory, group theory and number theory.
20060000046 Helsinki Univ. of Technology, Helsinki, Finland
Quasihyperbolic Geodesics and Uniformity in Elementary Domains
Linden, Henri; Martio, Olli, Editor; [2005]; ISSN 239-6303; 55 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): Rept-146; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This work considers another definition of uniform domains, originally stated by F. Gehring and B. Osgood in [GeOs]. This
alternative definition uses comparison between the quasihyperbolic and the distance ratio metrics and involves also a constant
A greater than or equal to 1 which in general is not the same as the constant c in the definition by Martio and Sarvas. This
alternative definition is better suited to the studies here and adhere to the uniformity concept of Definition 2.4 in this work.
The class of uniform domains is very wide, for instance it includes images of the unit ball B(sup n) under a quasiconformal
mapping of R(sup n) into itself. It is perhaps surprising that there are very few examples of domains for which the uniformity
constant A is known, and in this work we study some of the simplest cases. In most cases this task involves identifying the
geodesic segments of the given domain-in general a difficult problem. Often such precise analysis requires domain-specific
methods; however, some techniques used might be of interest also in more general situations.
Derived from text
Domains; Geodesic Lines; Ratios
20060001249 National Chung Hsing Univ., Taichung, Taiwan, Province of China
Power System Load Frequency Control by Genetic Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controller
Juang, Chia-Feng; Lu, Chun-Feng; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005,
pp. 1013-1018; In English; See also 20060001246; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based fuzzy gain scheduling approach for load frequency control is proposed in this paper. In
this approach, a fuzzy system is used to adaptively decide the integral or PI controller gain according to the area control errors
(ACE) and their changes. To reduce both the fuzzy system design effort and the number of fuzzy rules, the fuzzy system is
designed automatically by genetic algorithms. To improve the design performance, a new genetic algorithm using elitist
strategy combined with similarity measure on relatives between individuals is proposed. Based on similarity measure, mutated
reproduction is adopted to increase the chance for reaching better solutions and to avoid premature phenomena. Simulations
on a two-area interconnected power system with different kinds of perturbation are performed. The superiority of the proposed
method over existing ones is verified from simulations and comparisons.
Author
Frequency Control; Genetic Algorithms
20060001620 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA, USA
Some Applications of Mathematical Morphology to Range Imagery
Esselman, T. R.; Verly, J. G.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.10.01 - 7.10.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Although little known, mathematical morphology (MM) offers great potential in the areas of image enhancement, feature
181

extraction, and object recognition. MM has the intrinsic ability to quantitatively analyze object shapes in both 2 and 3
dimensions. Using MM to extract features and recognize objects in range imagery seems particularly appropriate since range
data is a natural source of shape information. We present several experimental results of applying MM techniques to real and
synthetic range imagery, both for noise removal and feature extraction.
Author
Imagery; Morphology
20060001707 British Columbia Univ., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Characterizing V2G Filtered Images by Their Zero Crossings
Reimer, J. A.; Lawrence, P. D.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.12.1 - 7.12.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSERC-A4924; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper considers the characterization of V2G filtered images by their zero crossings. It has been suggested that V2G
filtered images might be characterized by their zero crossings [1]. It is shown here that V2G filtered images, filtered in I-D
or 2-D are not, in general, uniquely given within a scalar by their zero crossing locations. Two theorems in support of such
a suggestion are considered. We consider the differences between the requirements of Logan’s theorem and V2G filtering, and
show that the zero crossings which result from these two situations differ significantly in number and location. Logan’s
theorem is therefore not applicable to V2G filtered images. A recent theorem by Curtis [8] on the adequacy of zero crossings
of 2-D functions is also considered. It is shown that the requirements of Curtis’ theorem are not satisfied by all V2G filtered
images. An example of two different V2G filtered images with the same zero crossings is presented.
Author
Theorems; Roots of Equations
20060001921 Black River Systems Co., Inc., Utica, NY USA
Parallel Scene Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and Propagation
Environments
Benincasa, Milissa; Sarkar, Tapan; Card, Christopher; Thomas, Carl; Mokole, Eric; Taylor, Douglas; Schneible, Richard;
Adve, Ravi; Simcoe, Michael; Joiner, Laurie; Oct. 1, 2005; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-01-C-0203; Proj-HPCM
Report No.(s): AD-A440581; AFRL-SN-RS-TR-2005-365; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Under the Department of Defense (DoD) Common High Performance Computing Software Support Initiative (CHSSI),
the goal of this effort was to parallelize the electromagnetic modeling tool WIPL-D (Wires, Plates and Dielectrics). WIPL-D
utilizes a Method of Moments technique to solve Maxwell’s Equations. Three evaluation criteria were used to evaluate the
effort: 1) accuracy of the code as compared to the commercial program WIPL-D; 2) scalability of the code when using
multi-processor High Performance Computing (HPC) resources; and 3) portability of the code, by running on multiple HPC
computers with different computing architectures. A demonstration of a cell phone beside a head was used to demonstrate the
codes utility and performance.
DTIC
Clutter; Parallel Processing (Computers); Scene Generation; Targets
20060002400 Utah Univ., Salt Lake City, UT USA
Minimum Distance Queries for Polygonal and Parametric Models
Johnson, David E.; Cohen, Elaine; Feb. 26, 1997; 22 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-96-C-5621; ASC-89-20219
Report No.(s): AD-A440300; UUCS-97-003; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Calculation of the minimum distance to a geometric object or the minimum separation between objects is a fundamental
problem that has application in a variety of arenas. Minimum separation queries for sculptured surfaces are believed
particularly difficult, yet are increasingly important as modeling problems grow larger and interactivity demands grow more
stringent. We present a set of algorithms based on easy to compute bounds that allows efficient solution of minimum separation
queries for many types of surface representations. These algorithms have simple and robust implementations and have average
case performance matching the most efficient theoretical algorithms. These algorithms are tested in an interactive application
182

designed to be the front-end of a haptic display system for virtual prototyping of assemblies.
DTIC
Polygons; Parameterization; Mathematical Models
70
PHYSICS (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to mechanics, kinetics, magnetism, and electrodynamics. For specific areas of physics see
categories 71 through 77. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography; for geophysics, astrophysics, or solar
physics see 46 Geophysics, 90 Astrophysics, or92 Solar Physics.
20060001732 Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis by Texture Analysis of Chest X-Ray Images
Kobatake, idefumi; Oh’ishi, Kunio; Miyamichi, Juichi; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 14.16.1 - 14.16.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): MOE-60302087; MOE-60550288; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a study on automatic diagnosis of pneumoconiosis by texture analysis of chest X-ray images. A
pre-processing method for normalizing distribution of film density is proposed and its effectiveness is studied experimentally.
Dominant causes of the deviations of texture features for evaluating the profusion of small opacities are excluded by the
pre-processing. New texture features based on the distribution of gradient vectors are also proposed. Experiments to evaluate
the proposed system are demonstrated.
Author
Automatic Control; Diagnosis; Chest
20060001787 Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp., Albuquerque, NM USA
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected to Localized Heating
Sun, C. T.; Tanner, T.; Deitemeyer, A.; Nakaima, D.; Bruno, N.; Doering, D.; Tham, C.; Ulibarri, R.; Chen, J. K.; May 1, 2005;
36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F29601-00-D-0010-0014; Proj-ASCA
Report No.(s): AD-A440210; AFRL-DE-PS-TR-2005-1095; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Crack Tip Opening Angle (CTOA) measurements of aluminum allow 2014-T6 (Al-2014-T6) at various temperatures and
the construction of the corresponding CTOA curves were performed. The CTOA curve as the crack growth criterion was used
to simulate the burst pressures in Al-2014-T6 thin-walled cylinders with a longitudinal crack of different sized under thermal
and mechanical load. The crack growth is simulated using nodal release method in the ABAQUS finite element environment
to predict the burst pressure of axially cracked cylinders.
DTIC
Aluminum; Aluminum Alloys; Crack Propagation; Crack Tips; Heating; Slits
20060001795 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA
Feasibility Studies of New High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Test Materials
Polun, Max; Nov. 1, 2005; 42 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440250; ARL-TR-3677; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The danger of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) is one of many threats that an Army facility must be capable
of surviving. A standard method of testing the HEMP survivability of these facilities exists. However. it is not capable of being
used in all situations. This feasibility study used a series of experimental test methods and unique antenna designs to evaluate
more flexible methods. The findings indicate that several of the antennae tested have suitable dynamic range characteristics
and that alternative system designs can be employed where space limitations and other factors preclude use of the standard
method.
DTIC
Electromagnetic Pulses; Feasibility; High Altitude; High Altitude Tests
183

20060001806 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable and Ultrafine Microstructures with an Electric Field or Current
Conrad, H.; Jung, K.; Narayan, J.; Oct. 13, 2005; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0315
Report No.(s): AD-A440284; 5-21616F; ARO-41893.29-MS; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
The influence of an electric field on the equlibria and kinetics of grain growth and phase transformations in metals and
the resulting mechanical properties were determined, with attention to ultrafine and nanometer microstructures. The
phenomena and materials considered were: (a) precipitation in Al-Mg-Si alloys, (b) phase coarsening in 60Sn40Pb solder
joints, (c) grain growth in electrodeposited Cu and (d) dependence of the plastic flow stress on grain size. Regarding (a), a
field applied during solutionizing increased the solubility of the pertinent constituents and in turn the tensile properties in the
naturally-aged temper. Thermodynamic considerations along with HRTEM and SAED studies indicated that the field reduced
the Gibbs free energy of solution, increased the size of the naturally-aged precipitates and changed their crystal structure.
Regarding (b), a field retarded coarsening of the Sn and Pb phases and changed their volume fractions. The effect of the field
on phase coarsening appeared to be through its effect on the diffusion coefficient. Regarding (c), a field retarded grain growth.
Whether the field retarded grain boundary mobility or enhanced the annihilation of the crystal defects responsible for the
driving force was not clear. Regarding (d), analysis of the effect of grain size d on the flow stress of metals and compounds
over the range from nanometers to millimeters indicated three regimes: Regime I (d\g^10-6m), Regime II (d=10-8-10-6m) and
Regime III (d\h10-6m). Dislocations are active in I and II and obscent in III. The mechanism governing Regime III appears
to be grain boundary shear accommodated by grain boundary diffusion. Unique pulsed laser vapor deposition techniques were
employed to fabricate: (a) metals and compounds with nanometer grain size, (b) La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/ZnO heterostructures and
(c) nanodot metals embedded in ceramic matrices, and their respective novel mechanical or electrical properties were
determined.
DTIC
Electric Current; Electric Fields; Metastable State; Microstructure
20060001808 Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH USA
Dynamic Analysis of Sliding Friction in Rotorcraft Geared Systems
Singh, Rajendra; Sep. 17, 2005; 7 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0334
Report No.(s): AD-A440286; ARO-42571.3-EG; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
This comprehensive study has examined the key effects of sliding friction in spur and helical gear dynamic models,
vibro-acoustic sources and geared system responses. First, many dynamic phenomena that emerge due to the interactions
between time-varying mesh stiffness, sliding friction and/or surface finish are successfully formulated. Second, new
multi-degree-of-freedom models considering both torsional and translational dynamics of spur and helical gear pairs have been
developed. These include time-varying mesh stiffness, sliding friction excitation and shaft/bearing compliances. Line-of-action
and off-line-of-action motion predictions, based on the lumped gear dynamic models, match well with a benchmark finite
element/contact mechanics code. Third, new mathematical models have been proposed to examine structure-borne and
air-borne noise that should arise due to surface asperities as a function of operating speed and surface finish. Fourth, mobility
type frequency response studies of the system vibro-acoustic characteristics provide new insights into dynamic forces at the
bearings and sound radiation. Fifth, two sets of experimental studies at ARL/NASA Glenn were conducted. Gear noise source
and lumped system models match well with experiments on ARL/NASA spur gears. Finally, a set of helical gears has been
designed that clearly isolate the effects of sliding friction. Suggestions for future research are included.
DTIC
Rotary Wing Aircraft; Sliding Friction
20060001812 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Effects of Boundary Layer Flow Control Using Plasma Actuator Discharges
Newcamp, Jeffrey M.; Sep. 1, 2005; 125 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440294; AFIT/GAE/ENY/05-S05; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This study addresses the usage and effects of atmospheric plasma discharges on the near wall flow conditions for a Pak-B
low-pressure turbine blade. A plasma actuator was built normal to the freestream flow in a low-speed wind tunnel. The test
section of the wind tunnel had a contoured upper wall geometry designed to mimic the suction side of a Pak-B turbine blade.
A high frequency ac voltage source supplied three voltages in the kilovolt range at four Reynolds numbers in the experiment,
184

etween 10,000 and 103,000. The effect of the plasma on the near-wall boundary layer conditions was evaluated at each of
the Reynolds numbers and each of the three voltage levels. The corresponding power levels were between 15 and 25 W.
Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to determine the 2D boundary layer characteristics of the flow. This research
showed that the plasma discharges were able to dramatically increase the flow velocity near the wall; however, the plasma was
unable to reattach an already detached boundary layer. Boundary layer traces were taken to validate the PIV results.
Additionally, multiple manufacturing techniques were evaluated in an effort to make the electrodes more usable in turbine
blade applications.
DTIC
Actuators; Boundary Layer Control; Boundary Layer Flow; Glow Discharges; Plasma Jets
20060001844 Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for Electromagnetic Analysis
Michielssen, Eric; Cangellaris, Andreas; Chew, Weng; Jin, Jianming; Jul. 20, 2005; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-00-1-0464
Report No.(s): AD-A440362; ARO-40911.1-EL; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In recent years, a variety of computational schemes have been developed that accelerate the iterative solution of the dense
matrix equations that arise upon discretizing boundary integral equations pertinent to the description of electromagnetic
scattering problems. These schemes largely fall into two categories: (i) fast multipole methods and (ii) wavelet/multiresolution
schemes. The overall goal of this project is to develop and catalogue all practical hybrids between fast multipole solvers and
multiresolution schemes useful to the analysis of electromagnetic boundary value problems. To this end, we developed (i)
hybrid plane wave time domain (PWTD) multiresolution schemes pertinent to the construction of PWTD schemes for lossy
media, (ii) PWTD schemes for 2D environments, (iii) PWTD solvers for microstrip structures, (iv) PWTD schemes for
low-frequency solvers, (v) PWTD schemes for quasi-planar environments, (vi) PWTD schemes for periodic kernels, (vii)
Time-Domain Adaptive Integral (TD-AIM) kernels for solving timedomain integral equations, (viii) TD-AIM accelerated
hybrid time domain integral equation SPICE based circuit solvers, and (ix) a novel multigrid accelerator for the full wave finite
element analysis of electromagnetic phenomena. Each and every of these solvers uses a multiresolution framework, either in
space, time, or space-time to accelerate a boundary integral or finite element solver pertinent to the analysis of electromagnetic
radiation, scattering, or guidance problems beyond what is possible using vanilla fastmultipole methods.
DTIC
Electromagnetism; Multipoles; Wavelet Analysis
20060002052 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2 Magnets
Chen, A.; Hanna, B.; Anderson, T.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017060; FERMILAB-CONF-05-144-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Nonevaporable getter (NEG) pumping strips, 6.2-m long, were installed inside four Tevatron B2 magnets to improve the
vacuum environment. This established A linear pumping scheme in the long, unbakable vacuum chamber. The total pressure
was reduced significantly.
NTIS
Getters; Magnets; Particle Accelerators
20060002053 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the Fermilab Booster Synchrotron
Lackey, J. R.; Carson, J. A.; Ginsburg, C. M.; Glass, H. D.; Harding, D. J.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017061; FERMILAB-CONF-05-119-AD-TD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The beam from the Fermilab Linac is injected onto a bump in the closed orbit of the Booster Synchrotron where a carbon
foil strips the electrons from the Linac’s negative ion hydrogen beam. Although the Booster itself runs at 15 Hz, heat
dissipation in the orbit bump magnets has been one limitation to the fraction of the cycles that can be used for beam. New
0.28 T pulsed dipole magnets have been constructed that will fit into the same space as the old ones, run at the full repetition
185

ate of the Booster, and provide a larger bump to allow a cleaner injection orbit. The new magnets use a ferrite in the yoke
rather than laminated steel.
NTIS
Beam Injection; Linear Accelerators; Magnets; Synchrotrons
20060002054 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole Magnets
Velev, G. V.; Ambrosio, G.; Annala, G.; Bauer, P.; Carcagno, R.; January 2004; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017062; FERMILAB-CONF-05-182; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
Since the beginning of 2002 an intensive measurement program has been performed at the Fermilab Magnet Test Facility
(MTF) to understand dynamic effects in Tevatron magnets. Based on the results of this program a new correction algorithm
was proposed to compensate for the decay of the sextupole field during the dwell at injection and for the subsequent field
‘’snapback’’ during the first few seconds of the energy ramp. Beam studies showed that the new correction algorithm works
better than the original one, and improves the Tevatron efficiency by at least 3%. The beam studies also indicated insufficient
correction during the first 6s of the injection plateau where an unexpected discrepancy of 0.15 sextupole units of extra drift
was observed. This paper reports on the most recent measurements of the Tevatron dipoles field at the beginning of the
injection plateau. Results on the field decay and snapback in the Tevatron quadrupoles are also presented.
NTIS
Magnets; Particle Accelerators; Quadrupoles
20060002055 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor Front-End Software
Poccoli, L.; Votava, M.; Zhang, D.; January 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017065; FERMILAB-CONF-05-229-CD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The Tevatron is a proton anti-proton accelerator collider operating at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The
machine is currently delivering beam for the CDF and D0 experiments, which expect increasing luminosity until the
conclusion of Run II, planned for 2009. The Laboratory defined a plan for achieving higher luminosity, and one of the tasks
is the upgrade of the accelerator’s beam position monitor (BPM). The Tevatron was built during the early eighties and some
of its control systems, including the BPMs, are still the original ones. This paper describes the front-end software of the
Tevatron BPM upgrade, from the requirements to the implementation, and the underlying hardware setup. The front-end
software designed is presented, emphasizing its modularity and reusability, allowing it to be applied to other Fermilab
machines.
NTIS
Beams (Radiation); Computer Programs; Monitors; Particle Accelerators
20060002056 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Diffusion Due to Beam-Beam Resonances in Hadron Colliders
Alexahin, Y.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017064; FERMILAB-CONF-05-177-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Beam-beam tune spread in hadron colliders usually is small enough to avoid most dangerous low-order betatron
resonances. However, even weak high-order resonances can be detrimental due to cooperative effect of the external noise.
Mechanisms of such cooperation are considered, simple analytical estimates of the diffusion rate being verified with numerical
simulations. The developed theory is used to evaluate the beam-beam resonance contribution to the emittance growth in the
Tevatron.
NTIS
Diffusion; Hadrons; Particle Accelerators; Betatrons
20060002057 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
53 MHz Beam Loading Compensation for Slip Stacking in the Fermilab Main Injector
Dey, J.; Kourbanis, I.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017066; FERMILAB-CONF-05-175-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
186

Recently In-Phase and Quadrature (I&Q) was added to both the 53 MHz Feedback and Feedforward Beam Loading
Compensation for Slip Stacking in the Fermilab Main Injector. With 53 MHz Feedback, we can now turn the 18 Radio
Frequency (RF) Stations off down to below 100 V. In using I&Q on Feedforward, beam loading compensation to the beam
on both the upper and lower frequencies of Slip Stacking can be applied as we slip the beam. I&Q theory will be discussed.
NTIS
Injectors; Feedforward Control; Radio Frequencies
20060002058 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Monte Carlo of Tevatron Operations, Including the Recycler
McCrory, E.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017070; FERMILAB-CONF-05-190-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
A Monte Carlo model depicting the operation of the Fermilab Tevatron Complex has been constructed. The purpose is
to replicate the general behavior of the Complex, incorporating aspects that are known to affect its performance, in order to
learn how optimally to run the Complex. The newest ring at Fermilab, the Recycler, has been added to the model in order to
understand how best to incorporate it into the rest of the Complex. This model includes numerous parameterizations of the
Complex, including reasonable random fluctuations and normal interruptions in operation of each accelerator due to
downtime. Optimizations are performed to guide us in making using the model in order to maximize the integrated luminosity
delivered to the experiments.
NTIS
Monte Carlo Method; Particle Accelerators
20060002059 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using the Shot Data Analysis System
Xiao, A.; Bolshakov, T.; Lebrun, P.; McCrory, E.; Papadimitriou, V.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017067; FERMILAB-CONF-05-155-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The purpose of the Shot Data Acquisition and Analysis (SDA) system is to provide summary data on the Fermilab RunII
accelerator complex and provide related software for detailed analyses. In this paper, we discuss such a specific analysis on
Tevatron beam lifetimes at injection. These results are based on SDA data, tools and methodology. Beam lifetime is one of
our most important diagnostics. An analysis of it can give information on intra beam scattering, aperture limitations,
instabilities and most importantly beam-beam effects. Such an analysis gives us a better understanding of our machine, and
will lead to an improved performance in the future.
NTIS
Beam Injection; Data Acquisition; Data Processing; Particle Accelerators
20060002060 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Characterizing Luminosity Evolution in the Tevatron
Shiltsev, V.; McCrory, E.; January 2004; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017073; FERMILAB-CONF-05-191; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
We derive an approximate form of a luminosity evolution in a high intensity hadron collider taking into account the most
important phenomena of intrabeam scattering (IBS), beam burn-up due to luminosity and beam-beam effects. It is well known
that an exponential decay does not describe luminosity evolution very well unless the lifetime is allowed to vary with time.
However, a ‘1/time’ evolution, which this derivation shows is a good approximation, fits data from the Tevatron well.
NTIS
Luminosity; Particle Accelerators
20060002061 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Multipole Error Analysis Using Local 3-Bump Orbit Data in Fermilab Recycler
Yang, M. J.; Xiao, M.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017068; FERMILAB-CONF-05-181-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
187

The magnetic harmonic errors of the Fermilab Recycler ring were examined using circulating beam data taken with closed
local orbit bumps. Data was first parsed into harmonic orbits of first, second, and third order. Each of which was analyzed for
sources of magnetic errors of corresponding order. This study was made possible only with the incredible resolution of a new
BPM system that was commissioned after June of 2003.
NTIS
Error Analysis; Multipoles; Errors; Circulation
20060002062 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
Zhang, X. L.; Shiltsev, V.; Tan, C. Y.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017069; FERMILAB-CONF-05-130-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
We measured the Tevatron beam admittance by the means of exciting the beam with noise and causing emittance growth.
The noise power was about 3W with a bandwidth of 100Hz and centered either in the horizontal betatron frequency or vertical
betatron frequency. We were able to controllably blow the beam emittance up quickly. From the point where the beam
emittance stopped growing, we measured the beam acceptance of the Tevatron.
NTIS
Electrical Impedance; Emittance; Particle Accelerators; Betatrons
20060002063 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
BTeV Trigger/DAQ Innovations
Votava, M.; January 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017074; FERMILAB-CONF-05-227-CD-E; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The BTeV experiment was a collider based high energy physics (HEP) B-physics experiment proposed at Fermilab. It
included a large-scale, high speed trigger/data acquisition (DAQ) system, reading data off the detector at 500 Gbytes/sec and
writing to mass storage at 200 Mbytes/sec. The online design was considered to be highly credible in terms of technical
feasibility, schedule and cost. This paper will give an overview of the overall trigger/DAQ architecture, highlight some of the
challenges, and describe the BTeV approach to solving some of the technical challenges. At the time of termination in early
2005, the experiment had just passed its baseline review. Although not fully implemented, many of the architecture choices,
design, and prototype work for the online system (both trigger and DAQ) were well on their way to completion. Other large,
high-speed online systems may have interest in the some of the design choices and directions of BTeV, including (a) a
commodity-based tracking trigger running asynchronously at full rate, (b) the hierarchical control and fault tolerance in a large
real time environment, (c) a partitioning model that supports offline processing on the online farms during idle periods with
plans for dynamic load balancing, and (d) an independent parallel highway architecture.
NTIS
Actuators; Data Acquisition; High Energy Interactions
20060002064 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
US Accelerator Contribution to the LHC
Lamm, M. J.; January 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017075; FERMILAB-CONF-05-168-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
In 1998, the USA entered into an agreement with CERN to help build the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), with
contributions to the accelerator and to the large HEP detectors. To accomplish this, the US LHC Accelerator Project was
formed, encompassing expertise from Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
(FNAL) and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). This report is a summary of these contributions including
the progress towards project completion, as well as a discussion of future plans for continued US participation in the LHC
accelerator.
NTIS
Hadrons; Elementary Particles
188

20060002065 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-Beam Compensation and Crossing Schemes at the CERN SPS in 2004
Zimmermann, F.; Koutchouk, J. P.; Roncarolo, F.; Wenninger, J.; Sen, T.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017079; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Experiments with two prototype long-range beam-beam compensators (current-carrying wires) during the 2004 CERN
SPS run explored the efficiency of a proposed long-range beam-beam compensation for the LHC. In addition, the SPS
compensators were also used to ‘simulate’ the effect of different planes of crossing at two LHC interaction points. We present
the experimental results and compare them with computer simulations.
NTIS
Beam Interactions; Crossings; Hadrons; Wire
20060002066 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole Families at Tevatron
Ivanov, P. M.; Alexahin, Y.; Annala, J.; Lebedev, V. A.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017080; FERMILAB-CONF-05-148-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Existing Tevatron octupoles have been rearranged into four functional families. Two of these families generate betatron
tune spreads in the vertical and horizontal planes whereas the other two control the differential chromaticity between the
proton and antiproton helices. The calculated effect on the tunes and chromaticity is compared with direct measurements.
Analytical formulas for betatron tune distribution functions are presented.
NTIS
Betatrons; Color; Particle Accelerators
20060002067 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail Instability at Tevatron
Ivanov, P. M.; Alexahin, Y.; Annala, J.; Lebedev, V. A.; Shiltsev, V.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017081; FERMILAB-CONF-05-149-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Two-step improvement of transverse beam stability has been done at the Tevatron. First, shielding of the laminated
Lambertson magnets significantly reduced the transverse impedance. Second, Landau damping induced by the octupoles
allowed machine operation with zero chromaticity at injection. That has resulted in a dynamic aperture increase and weakening
of long-range beam-beam effects due to smaller chromatic tune modulation. At collisions, the coherent tunes and incoherent
tune continuum are separated due to the head-on collisions. That leads to Landau damping loss at small chromaticities.
Predictions of the analytical Landau damping model are compared with experiments.
NTIS
Landau Damping; Particle Accelerators
20060002068 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Theory and Reality of Beam-Beam Effects at Hadron Colliders
Alexanhin, Y.; January 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017082; FERMILAB-CONF-05-176-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The beam-beam phenomena in hadron colliders are just as rich as in e(sup +)e(sup -) machines: orbit and focusing
perturbations, excitation of nonlinear resonances, coherent tuneshifts. Moreover, the absence of radiation damping and long
duration of a store permit even high-order (and correspondingly weak) resonances to manifest themselves presenting a major
challenge for both theoretical analysis and machine operation. The recent progress in understanding of and coping with the
beam-beam effects at hadron colliders, primarily at the Tevatron, is discussed.
NTIS
Beam Interactions; Hadrons
189

20060002069 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
New Technique for Making Bright Proton Bunches Using Barrier RF Systems
Bhat, C. M.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017083; FERMILAB-CONF-05-140-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
I describe here a very promising scheme for producing bright proton bunches for proton-antiproton and proton-proton
colliders. The method is based on the use of wide-band barrier rf systems. First, I explain the principle of the method. The
beam dynamics simulations applied to the Fermilab Main Injector (MI) suggest that the scheme allows a wide range of bunch
intensities and emittances for ppbar collider. This method has the potential to increase the instantaneous luminosity by greater
than or equal to 30% at the Tevatron.
NTIS
Protons; Radio Frequencies; Proton-Antiproton Interactions; Emittance; Particle Accelerators
20060002070 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Iso-Adiabatic Merging of Pbar Stacks in the Fermilab Recycler
Bhat, C. M.; January 2004; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017084; FERMILAB-CONF-05-150; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information
Bridge
Considerable longitudinal emittance (LE) dilution is seen during merging of two stacks of pbars in the Fermilab Recycler.
The emittance dilution results from the sequence of RF manipulations used for merging. Here the author presents a new
scheme for merging two stacks adiabatically. This involves energy matching of the two stacks before merging. An analytical
expression is derived for energy matching condition. The scheme is illustrated with multi-particle beam dynamics simulations
and beam measurements. The beam experiments have shown that one can preserve the emittance to better than 15%.
NTIS
Stacks; Particle Beams
20060002198 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA, New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM, USA, Los Alamos
National Lab., NM USA, Rutherford Appleton Lab., Chilton, UK
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
Chou, W.; Bryant, H.; Drozhdin, A.; Hill, C.; Kostin, M.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017059; FERMILAB-CONF-05-225-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Fermilab is working on the design of an 8 GeV superconducting RF H(sup -) linac called the Proton Driver. The energy
of H(sup -) beam will be an order of magnitude higher than the existing ones. This brings up a number of technical challenges
to transport and injection of H(sup -) ions. This paper will focus on the subjects of stripping losses (including stripping by
blackbody radiation, field and residual gas) and carbon foil stripping efficiency, along with a brief discussion on other issues
such as Stark states lifetime of hydrogen atoms, single and multiple Coulomb scattering, foil heating and stress, radiation
activation, collimation and jitter correction, etc.
NTIS
Injection; Linear Accelerators; Protons
20060002200 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Feasibility Study of Beam-Beam Compensation in the Tevatron with Wires
Sen, T.; Erdelyi, B.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017078; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
We explore the possibility of compensating long-range beam-beam interactions in the Tevatron by current carrying wires.
Compensation strategies depend on whether the compensation is done close to the interaction or nonlocally, on the aspect ratio
of the strong beam and on other details. Strategies for each case have been developed and applied to the Tevatron. We discuss
the results of these strategies at injection and collision energy.
NTIS
Beam Interactions; Feasibility; Particle Accelerators; Wire
190

20060002214 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY USA
Control of Dynamic Aperture for Synchronton Light Sources
Bengtsson, J.; May 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016503; BNL-74678-2005-CP; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
A summary of how modern analytical and numerical techniques enable one to construct a realistic model of
state-of-the-art synchrotron light sources is provided. The effects of engineering tolerances and radiation are included in a
self-consistent manner. An approach for utilizing these tools to develop an effective strategy for the design and control of the
dynamic aperture for such dynamical systems is also outlined.
NTIS
Apertures; Light Sources
20060002215 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input Couplers
Piot, P.; Dohlus, M.; Floettmann, K.; Marx, M.; Wipf, S. G.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017052; FERMILAB-CONF-05-173-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Many state-of-art electron accelerator proposals incorporate TESLA-type superconducting radio-frequency (rf) cavities
(1). These standing wave rf cavities include rf input couplers and a pair of high order mode (HOM) couplers to absorb the
energy associated to HOM field excited as the bunch passes through the cavity. In the present paper we investigate, using
numerical simulations, the impact of the input and HOM couplers on the beam dynamics to zeroth and first order in initial
position, and present parametric studies of the strength of these effects for various incoming beam energies. We finally study
the impact of this asymmetric field on the beam dynamics, taking as an example the low energy section of the X-ray FEL
injector.
NTIS
Cavities; Couplers; Steering; Electron Accelerators
20060002216 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
Jansson, A.; Lebrun, P.; Volk, J. T.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017056; FERMILAB-CONF-05-171-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Early in Run2, there was an effort to compare the different emittance measurements in the Tevatron (flying wires and
synchrotron light) and understand the origin of the observed differences. To measure the beta function at a few key locations
near the instruments, air-core quadrupoles were installed. By modulating the gradient of these magnets and measuring the
effect on the tune, the lattice parameters can be extracted. Initially, the results seem to disagree with other methods. At the time,
the lattice was strongly coupled due to a skew component in the main dipoles, caused by sagging of the cryostat. After a large
fraction of the superconducting magnets were shimmed to remove a strong skew quadrupole component, the results now agree
with the theoretical values to within 20%.
NTIS
Gradients; Modulation; Particle Accelerators; Quadrupoles
20060002218 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Damping Transverse Instabilities in the Tevatron Using AC Chromaticity
Ranjbar, V. H.; January 2005; 6 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017057; FERMILAB-CONF-05-135-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Several papers have suggested possibility of using varying chromaticity to damp the head-tail instability. We test this by
cycling the chromaticity sextupole magnets in the Tevatron near the synchrotron frequency to see if the head-tail stability
threshold is increased. Further we compare the turn-by-turn evolution of a bunch slice in the presence of varying chromaticity
to a model previously developed.
NTIS
Alternating Current; Color; Damping; Particle Accelerators; Stability
191

20060002220 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN, USA
Application of Independent Component Analysis for Beam Diagnosis
Huang, X.; Lee, S. Y.; Prebys, E.; Tomlin, R.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017085; FERMILAB-CONF-05-113-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The independent component analysis (ICA) is applied to analyze simultaneous multiple turn-by-turn beam position
monitor (BPM) data of synchrotrons. The sampled data are decomposed to physically independent source signals, such as
betatron motion, synchrotron motion and other perturbation sources. The decomposition is based on simultaneous
diagonalization of several unequal time covariance matrices, unlike the model independent analysis (MIA), which uses
equal-time covariance matrix only. Consequently the new method has advantage over MIA in isolating the independent modes
and is more robust under the influence of contaminating signals of bad BPMs. The spatial pattern and temporal pattern of each
resulting component (mode) can be used to identify and analyze the associated physical cause. Beam optics can be studied
on the basis of the betatron modes. The method has been successfully applied to the Booster Synchrotron at Fermilab.
NTIS
Beams (Radiation); Diagnosis; Monitors; Synchrotrons
20060002222 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA
BRAHMS Overview Ramiro Debbe for the BRAHMS Collaboration
Feb. 2005; 16 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016379; BNL-74684; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
A brief review of BRAHMS measurements of bulk particle production in RHIC Au+Au collisions at (radical)s(sub NN)
200GeV is presented, together with some discussion of baryon number transport. Intermediate p(sub T) measurements in
different collision systems (Au+Au, d+ Au and p+p) are also discussed in the context of jet quenching and saturation of the
gluon density in Au ions at RHIC energies. This report also includes preliminary results for identified particles at forward
rapidities in d+Au and Au+Au collisions.
NTIS
Particle Production; Particle Theory
20060002224 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1-xNyAs1-y Solar Cells
Kurtz, S.; Geisz, J. F.; Friedman, D. J.; Ptak, A. J.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016387; NREL/CP-520-37157; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Collection of photocarriers in Ga(sub x)In(sub 1-x)N(sub y)As(sub 1-y) solar cells is limited by the poor quality of the
Ga(sub x)In(sub 1-x)N(sub y)As(sub 1-y). Some reports have shown collection of photocarriers outside of the depleted layer
in annealed Ga(sub x)In(sub 1-x)N(sub y)As(sub 1-y), but the key to achieving the higher collection has been unclear. In this
paper, we attempt to quantify the diffusion and collection lengths that contribute to the photocurrent in Ga(sub x)In(sub
1-x)N(sub y)As(sub 1-y) solar cells. The data imply that the effective (mu)(tau) product for the lightly doped Ga(sub x)In(sub
1-x)N(sub y)As(sub 1-y) material may vary when a field is applied. We conclude that the fields present in most of our best
Ga(sub x)In(sub 1-x)N(sub y)As(sub 1-y) cells are large enough to aid collection of photocarriers.
NTIS
Charge Carriers; Electric Current; Solar Cells
20060002225 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA, Argonne National Lab., IL USA
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation Detector for Profile Monitoring of Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL
Scarpine, V. E.; Lindenmeyer, C. W.; Tassotto, G. R.; Lumpkin, A. H.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DEAC02-CH03000; W-31-109-ENG-38
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017058; FERMILAB-CONF-05-184-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Optical transition radiation (OTR) detectors are being developed at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) as
part of the collider Run II upgrade program and as part of the NuMI primary beam line. These detectors are designed to
measure 150 GeV antiprotons as well as 120 GeV proton beams over a large range of intensities. Design and development
of an OTR detector capable of measuring beam in both directions down to beam intensities of (approx)5e9 particles for
192

nominal beam sizes are presented. Applications of these OTR detectors as an on-line emittance monitor for both antiproton
transfers and reverse-injected protons, as a Tevatron injection profile monitor, and as a high-intensity beam profile monitor for
NuMI are discussed. In addition, different types of OTR foils are being evaluated for operation over the intensity range of
(approx)5e9 to 5e13 particles per pulse, and these are described.
NTIS
Antiprotons; Optical Transition; Proton Beams; Protons; Radiation Detectors
20060002229 Jefferson (Thomas) Lab. Computer Center, Newport News, VA, USA
Single Target Spin Asymmetries and GPDs
Chen, J. P.; Jun. 2005; 58 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841872; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
No abstract available
Asymmetry; Mathematical Models; Partons; Targets
20060002332 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray Optics with a Long Trace Profiler
Yashchuk, V. V.; Irick, S. C.; MacDowell, A. A.; January 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-842047; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
A data acquisition technique and relevant program for suppression of one of the systematic effects, namely the ‘ghost’
effect, of a second generation long trace profiler (LTP) is described. The ‘ghost’ effect arises when there is an unavoidable
cross-contamination of the LTP sample and reference signals into one another, leading to a systematic perturbation in the
recorded interference patterns and, therefore, a systematic variation of the measured slope trace. Perturbations have been
observed with a cylindrically shaped X-ray mirror. Even stronger ‘ghost’ effects show up in an LTP measurement with a mirror
having a toroidal surface figure. The developed technique employs separate measurement of the ‘ghost’-effect-related
interference patterns in the sample and the reference arms and then subtraction of the ‘ghost’ patterns from the sample and
the reference interference patterns. The procedure preserves the advantage of simultaneously measuring the sample and
reference signals. The effectiveness of the technique is illustrated with LTP metrology of a variety of X-ray mirrors.
NTIS
Ghosts; Metrology; Systematic Errors; X Ray Optics
20060002333 Jefferson (Thomas) Lab. Computer Center, Newport News, VA, USA
Single-Spin Beam Asymmetries in QED and QCD
Afanasev, A.; Jun. 03, 2005; 38 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841927; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
No abstract available
Asymmetry; Electron Beams; Quantum Chromodynamics; Quantum Electrodynamics
20060002334 Jefferson (Thomas) Lab. Computer Center, Newport News, VA, USA
Single Spin Asymmetries: from JLab12 to EIC
Avakian, H.; January 2005; 32 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841874; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
No abstract available
Asymmetry; Mathematical Models
20060002335 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown with Ga Polarity
Liliental-Weber, Z.; Tomaszewicz, T.; Zakharov, D.; O’Keefe, M. A.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-842048; LBNL-57521; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies show formation of different types of Mg-rich defects in GaN. Types of
defects strongly depend on crystal growth polarity. For bulk crystals grown with N-polarity, the planar defects are distributed
at equal distances (20 unit cells of GaN). For growth with Ga-polarity (for both bulk and MOCVD grown crystals) a different
type of defects have been found. These defects are three-dimensional Mg-rich hexagonal pyramids (or trapezoids) with their
base on the (0001) plane and six walls formed on 1123 planes. The defects appear in (1120) and (1100) cross-section TEM
193

micrographs as triangular and trapezoidal with sides inclined at 43 and 47 degrees to the base depending on the above
observation directions, respectively. The dimension of these pyramids varies depending on growth method (50-1000
Angstrom), but the angle between the base and their sides remain the same. The direction from the tip of the pyramid to its
base (and from the shorter to the longer base for trapezoidal defects) is along the Ga to N matrix bond direction. Analysis of
the reconstructed exit wave phase image from the pyramid side indicates a shift of Ga atomic column positions from the matrix
to the N position within the pyramid. In this way a 0.6(+-)0.2 Angstrom displacement can be measured on the pyramid side
between Ga positions in the matrix and within the pyramid.
NTIS
Crystal Growth; Defects; Electron Microscopy; Polarity; Transmission Electron Microscopy; Magnesium; Gallium Nitrides
20060002336 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy with Dynamic Diffraction
O’Keefe, M.; Downing, K. H.; Wenk, H. R.; Meisheng, H.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-842049; LBNL-57522; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Achievement of atomic-resolution electron-beam tomography will allow determination of the three dimensional structure
of nanoparticles (and other suitable specimens) at atomic resolution. Three dimensional reconstructions will yield ‘section’
images that resolve atoms overlapped in normal electron microscope images (projections), resolving lighter atoms such as
oxygen in the presence of heavier atoms, and atoms that lie on non-lattice sites such as those in non-periodic defect structures.
NTIS
Atoms; Diffraction; Electron Beams; Electron Microscopy; Tomography; Dynamical Systems
20060002348 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing System
Adelstein, J.; Sekulic, B.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-99GO10337
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016395; NREL/CP-520-36583; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has been monitoring the performance of a 1- kWAC United Solar
Systems Corporation (USSC) roofing system over the 6-year period from October 1998 to September 2004. This paper will
investigate the performance and reliability of this system. The annual degradation and seasonal fluctuation of the system’s
power output are calculated using the PVUSA power rating regression model. The system performance is also examined using
the additional performance parameters of yield, reference yield, and performance ratio, which allows for a somewhat less
complicated data collection and analysis. The data indicate that the system has exhibited stable performance over time, with
an overall degradation rate comparable to that found in crystalline silicon systems.
NTIS
Amorphous Silicon; Photovoltaic Conversion; Reliability; Renewable Energy; Solar System
20060002349 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization of the Problem of Current-Voltage Performance of Polycrystalline
Photovoltaic Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude Tilt
Del Cueto, J. A.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016396; NREL/CRP-520-36565; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
One obstacle to wider market penetration for thin-film polycrystalline photovoltaic (PV) modules is the lack of field
performance data, notably temperature-coefficient data for the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics over all irradiance levels
encountered in the field. Generally, tem-perature coefficient and performance data are available only in a restricted range of
illumination around 1-sun in-tensity. In this paper, the I-V performance data are pre-sented, analyzed, and parameterized
across a wide range of illumination levels and temperatures, allowing the mod-eling of the performance for three
polycrystalline PV tech-nologies: cadmium telluride, copper indium diselenide, and polycrystalline silicon. The data are
scrutinized for clear-sky and diffuse-illumination conditions.
NTIS
Attitude (Inclination); Deployment; Electric Potential; Latitude; Parameterization; Photovoltaic Cells; Photovoltaic
Conversion; Polycrystals; Thin Films
194

20060002352 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA
Stopping and Baryon Transport in Heavy Ion Reactions
Videbaek, F.; Feb. 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016378; BNL-74683; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
In this report I will give an experimental overview on nuclear stopping in hadron collisions, and relate observations to
understanding of baryon transport. Baryon number transport is not only evidenced via net-proton distributions but also by the
enhancement of strange baryons near mid-rapidity. Although the focus is on high-energy data obtained from pp and heavy ions
from RHIC, relevant data from SPS and ISR will be considered. A discussion how the available data at higher energy relates
and gives information on baryon junction, quark-diquark breaking will be made.
NTIS
Baryons; Heavy Ions
20060002360 Virginia Transportation Research Council, Charlottesville, VA USA
Comparison of Alternative Devices to Determine Aggregate Shape
McGhee, K. K.; Deeds, T. M.; Rorrer, T. M.; Nov. 2005; 32 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2006-101930; VTRC-06-R10; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This study compared devices (with corresponding procedures) that may be used to classify flat and elongated (F&E)
particle content for coarse aggregate sources. The comparison involved the traditional (and manual) proportional caliper and
two digital calipers. The material used to conduct these comparisons was from aggregate sources used to produce stone-matrix
asphalt during the 2003 and 2004 construction seasons in Virginia. Replicate tests were conducted for each source and each
device. The same material was tested by multiple technicians from the Virginia Transportation Research Council’s asphalt
laboratory and the Virginia Department of Transportation’s central materials laboratory. The central conclusions were: (1) the
vertically operated digital caliper is a suitable alternative to the traditional manual proportional caliper; (2) the ROCLOG
software facilitates data reduction; and (3) it is important to consider the full gradation analysis when characterizing F&E
content of any aggregate source. This research also documented an estimated time-savings of 45 minutes per aggregate source
when performing F&E testing with the vertically operated digital caliper. Given VDOT’s standard requirements for aggregate
testing, this translates into an annual time-savings of at least 30 hours per laboratory. With an advertised cost of less than $300
per device, the benefit to cost ratio for the vertically operated digital caliper is better than 4 to 1, and the investment is easily
justifiable.
NTIS
Aggregates; Asphalt; Shapes
20060002390 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY USA
Performance Calculation on Orbit feedback for NSLS-II
Yu, L. H.; January 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016376; BNL-74676-2005; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
We discuss the preliminary calculation on the performance of closed orbit feedback system for NSLSII, its relation to the
requirement on BPM, floor and girder stability, power supply stability etc.
NTIS
Feedback; Light Sources; Synchrotrons
20060002393 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga) Se2 Thin Films
Jiang, C. S.; Noufi, R.; Ramanathan, K.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016399; NREL/CP-520-37338; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
We report on a direct measurement of two-dimensional potential distribution on the surface of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films
using a nanoscale electrical characterization of scanning Kelvin probe microscopy both in air and in ultra-high vacuum. The
potential measurement reveals a higher surface potential or a smaller work function on grain boundaries (GBs) of the film than
on the grain surfaces. This demonstrates the existence of a local built-in potential on GBs, and the GB is positively charged.
The role of the built-in potential in device performance was further examined and found to be positive, by tuning Ga content
or bandgap of the film. With increasing Ga content, the potential drops sharply in a Ga range of 28%-38%. Comparing the
change in the built-in potential to the theoretical and experimental photoconversion efficiencies, we conclude that the potential
195

plays a significant role in the device conversion efficiency of NREL’s three-stage Cu(In,Ga)Se2 device.
NTIS
Fracturing; Grain Boundaries; Microscopy; Photovoltaic Conversion; Thin Films
20060002395 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Development of Automated Production Line Processes for Solar Brightfield Modules. Annual Technical Progress
Report 1 January 2003-30 June 2004
Nowlan, M. J.; Murach, J. M.; Sutherland, S. F.; Jun. 2005; 50 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016397; NREL/SR-520-36608; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
This report describes how Spire Corporation is addressing the PV Manufacturing R&D project goals of improving
photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing processes and products while reducing costs and providing a technology foundation that
supports significant manufacturing scale-up. To accomplish this, we are focusing our efforts on the design of a large-area
utility-scale module and the development of the necessary manufacturing techniques and equipment to manufacture such a
module in a high-volume production environment. A three-phase program is under way for developing and demonstrating new
automated systems for fabricating very large PV modules ideal for use in multi-megawatt grid-connected applications. We
designed a large-area 800 W module and we are developing associated module production equipment that will minimize the
total installed system cost for utility-scale PV arrays. Unique features of the module design include a cantilevered glass
superstrate to reduce the glass thickness and internally laminated bypass diodes that simplify internal busing and junction-box
designs. Other program activities include the development of automation for solar cell string inspections, string busing,
materials lay-up, and lamination; enhancements to the lamination process; and performance testing of large-area modules.
NTIS
Manufacturing; Modules; Photovoltaic Conversion
20060002396 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
Dhere, R.; Ramanathan, K.; Keane, J.; Zhou, J.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016401; NREL/CP-520-37368; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Sodium is known to enhance p-type doping in copper indium diselenide (CIS)-based devices fabricated on soda-lime glass
substrates, and similar amounts of Na are present in commercial cadmium telluride (CdTe) devices. We present the results on
the effects of Na incorporation on the properties of CdTe/CdS solar cells prepared on borosilicate glass substrates. A NaF layer
10 to 30 nm thick was incorporated at either the CdS/CdTe interface or on the CdTe surface, as a source of Na. CdTe layers
were deposited by close-spaced sublimation at substrate temperatures from 425 C (LT) to 620 C (HT), followed by
heat-treatment in the presence of CdCl2 vapor. Atomic force microscopy analysis showed that the samples with NaF at the
CdS/CdTe interface deposited in He ambient have larger grains with a sub-grain structure that disappears after CdCl2 heat
treatment accompanied by an increase in grain size. Samples deposited in O2 ambient have smaller grains without a sub-grain
structure. For samples with NaF deposited on the CdTe surface, LT samples with CdCl2 heat treatment showed a morphology
similar to samples without NaF layers; but samples heat-treated in He ambient at 500 C prior to CdCl2 treatment showed a
different microstructure with platelets on the surface.
NTIS
Additives; Cadmium Tellurides; Copper; Photovoltaic Conversion; Selenides
20060002397 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance During Cu Diffusion
Gessert, T. A.; Smith, S.; Moriarty, T.; Young, M.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016393; NREL/CP-520-36472; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Cu diffusion from a ZnTe:Cu/Ti back contact onto CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells is studied. We find if Cu diffusion is
insufficient, the entire CdTe layer is depleted. However, if Cu diffusion is excessive, the depletion width can become too
narrow to provide optimum current collection. This analysis suggests that most contact processes used for CdS/CdTe devices
are optimized (often unknowingly) to result in a depletion width that extends just far enough into the CdTe to yield the highest
possible field in the region where light absorption occurs. Analysis of the samples with very high Cu concentration also
196

suggests that Cu doping of CdS may affect carrier collection from the CdS.
NTIS
Cadmium; Cadmium Tellurides; Diffusion; Sulfates
20060002418 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
McCrory, E.; Shiltsev, V.; Slaughter, A. J.; Xiao, A.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017089; FERMILAB-CONF-05-189-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
This paper explores how to fit the decay of the luminosity in the Tevatron. The standard assumptions of a fixed-lifetime
exponential decay are only appropriate for very short time intervals. A ‘1/time’ functional form fits well, and is supported by
analytical derivations. A more complex form, assuming a time-varying lifetime-like term, also produces good results. Changes
in the luminosity can be factored into two phenomena: The luminosity burn-off rate, and the burn-off rate from non-luminosity
effects. This is particularly relevant for the antiprotons in the Tevatron. The luminous and the non-luminous burn rate of the
antiprotons are shown for Tevatron stores.
NTIS
Fitting; Luminosity; Particle Accelerators
20060002419 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA
Operational Performance of a Bunch by Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB Main Injector
Adamson, P.; Ashmanskas, W. J.; Foster, G. W.; Hansen, S.; Marchionni, A.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017091; FERMILAB-CONF-05-145-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
We have implemented a transverse and longitudinal bunch by bunch digital damper system in the Fermilab Main Injector,
using a single digital board for all 3 coordinates. The system has been commissioned over the last year, and is now operational
in all MI cycles, damping beam bunched at both 53MHz and 2.5MHz. We describe the performance of this system both for
collider operations and high-intensity running for the NuMI project.
NTIS
Damping; Injectors; Digital Systems
20060002420 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters of the Tevatron Beam
Pordes, S.; Crisp, J.; Fellenz, B.; Flora, R.; Para, A.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017090; FERMILAB-CONF-05-178-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
We describe the system known as the Tevatron SBD which is used to provide information on the longitudinal parameters
of coalesced beam bunches in the Tevatron. The system has been upgraded over the past year with a new digitizer and
improved software. The quantities provided for each proton and antiproton bunch include the intensity, the longitudinal bunch
profile, the timing of the bunch with respect to the low-level RF, the momentum spread and the longitudinal emittance. The
system is capable of 2 Hz operation and is run at 1 Hz.
NTIS
Analog to Digital Converters; Computer Programs; Computer Systems Programs; Particle Accelerators; Signal Processing
20060002421 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator Magnets
Kashikhin, V. V.; Ambrosio, G.; Andreev, N.; Barzi, E.; Bossert, R.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017093; FERMILAB-CONF-05-166-TD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Four nearly identical Nb3Sn dipole models of the same design were built and tested at Fermilab. It provided a unique
opportunity of systematic study the field quality effects in Nb3Sn accelerator magnets. The results of these studies are reported
in the paper.
NTIS
Magnets; Superconductors (Materials)
197

20060002422 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction Region
Feher, S.; Carcagno, R.; Orris, D.; Page, T.; Pischalnikov, Y.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017098; FERMILAB-CONF-05-111-TD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
A new Interaction Region (IR) for the BTEV experiment was planned to be built at Fermilab. This IR would have required
new superconducting quadrupole magnets and many additional power circuits for their operation. The new ‘low beta’
quadrupole magnet design was based upon the Fermilab LHC quadrupole design, and would have operated at 9.56 kA in 4.5
K liquid helium. The use of conventional power leads for these circuits would have required substantially more helium for
cooling than is available from the cryogenic plant, which is already operating close to its limit. To decrease the heat load and
helium cooling demands, the use of HTS power leads was necessary. In developing specifications for HTS leads for the BTEV
interaction region, several 6 kA HTS leads produced by American Superconductor Corporation (ASC) have been tested at
over-current conditions. Final design requirements were to be based on these test results. This paper summarizes the test results
and describes the design requirements for the 9.65 kA HTS power leads.
NTIS
Particle Accelerators; Liquid Helium; Cryogenics
20060002423 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
New Correction Magnet Package for the FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron
Kashikhin, V. S.; Carson, J. A.; Harding, D. J.; Lackey, J. R.; Makarov, A.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017099; FERMILAB-CONF-05-164-AD-TD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
Since its initial operation over 30 years ago, most correction magnets in the Fermilab Booster Synchrotron have only been
able to fully correct the orbit, tunes, coupling, and chromaticity at injection (400MeV). We have designed a new correction
package, including horizontal and vertical dipoles, normal and skew quadrupoles, and normal and skew sextupoles, to provide
control up to the extraction energy (8GeV). In addition to tracking the 15Hz cycle of the main, combined function magnets,
the quadrupoles and sextupoles must swing through their full range in 1 ms during transition crossing. The magnet is made
from 12 water-cooled racetrack coils and an iron core with 12 poles, dramatically reducing the effective magnet air gap and
increasing the corrector efficiency. Magnetic field analyses of different combinations of multipoles are included.
NTIS
Magnets; Synchrotrons
20060002426 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
FIONDA (Filtering Images Of Niobium Disks Application) Filter Application for Eddy Current Scanner Data Analysis
Boffo, C.; Bauer, P.; January 2005; 20 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15020167; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
As part of the material QC process, each Niobium disk from which a superconducting RF cavity is built must undergo
an eddy current scan. This process allows to discover embedded defects in the material that are not visible to the naked eye
because too small or under the surface. Moreover, during the production process of SC cavities the outer layer of Nb is
removed via chemical or electro-chemical etching, thus it is important to evaluate the quality of the subsurface layer (in the
order of 100nm) where superconductivity will happen. The reference eddy current scanning machine is operated at DESY; at
Fermilab we are using the SNS eddy current scanner on loan, courtesy of SNS. In the past year, several upgrades were
implemented aiming at raising the SNS machine performance to that of the DESY reference machine. As part of this effort
an algorithm that enables the filtering of the results of the scans and thus improves the resolution of the process was developed.
The description of the algorithm and of the software used to filter the scan results is presented in this note. This filter
application is a useful tool when the coupling between the signal associated to the long range probe distance (or sample
thickness) variation and that associated to inclusions masks the presence of defects. Moreover instead of using indirect criteria
(such as appearance on screen), the filter targets precisely the topology variations of interest. This application is listed in the
FermiTools database and is freely available.
NTIS
Eddy Currents; Niobium
198

20060002430 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency Range
Ji, H.; Kulsrud, R.; Fox, W.; Yamada, M.; Jun. 2005; 52 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841011; PPPL-4078; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
By employing a local two-fluid theory, we investigate an obliquely propagating electromagnetic instability in the lower
hybrid frequency range driven by cross-field current or relative drifts between electrons and ions. The theory self-consistently
takes into account local cross-field current and accompanying pressure gradients. It is found that the instability is caused by
reactive coupling between the backward propagating whistler (fast) waves in the moving electron frame and the forward
propagating sound (slow) waves in the ion frame when the relative drifts are large. The unstable waves we consider propagate
obliquely to the unperturbed magnetic field and have mixed polarization with significant electromagnetic components. A
physical picture of the instability emerges in the limit of large wavenumber characteristic of the local approximation. The
primary positive feedback mechanism is based on reinforcement of initial electron density perturbations by compression of
electron fluid via induced Lorentz force. The resultant waves are qualitatively consistent with the measured electromagnetic
fluctuations in reconnecting current sheet in a laboratory plasma.
NTIS
Electromagnetic Fields; Frequency Ranges; Magnetohydrodynamic Stability
20060002456 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
Kroc, T. K.; Schmidt, C. W.; Shemyakin, A.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017100; FERMILAB-CONF-05/106-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The Fermilab Electron Cooling Project requires the operation of a 4.34 MeV electron beam in the same enclosure that
houses the 120, 150 GeV Main Injector. Effective shielding of the magnetic fields from the ramped electrical bus ses and local
static fields is necessary to maintain the high beam quality and recirculation efficiency required by the electron cooling system.
This paper discusses the operational tolerances and the design of the beamline shielding, bus design, and bus shielding as well
as experimental results from the prototype and final installation.
NTIS
Cooling; Electron Accelerators; Electron Beams; Enclosure; Hadrons; Magnetic Fields; Magnetic Shielding; Shielding
20060002462 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Numerical Study of On-Axis Dose Rate from Ta and W Bremsstrahlung Converter Targets
McCarrick, J. F.; May 13, 2005; 30 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016409; UCRL-TR-212255; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The bremsstrahlung converter target in radiographic accelerators is not, in general, considered a high-technology piece
of equipment. In its essential form it is merely a solid plate of high-Z metal, usually tungsten (W) or tantalum (Ta); electrons
go in, X-rays come out. In this report we characterize the bremsstrahlung performance of Ta and W converter targets over a
range of electron energies (2-20 MeV) and angles. The studies are all performed with the MCNP radiation transport code,
version 4b. A number of steps are involved in the process. First, we must construct the absorption properties of air given
photons of various energies, so that the distribution of photons produced by the incoming electrons can be converted into a
dose rate as commonly used in radiography. Then we study the dose rate of various electron energies in Ta and W, as a function
of target thickness, and find that there is an optimum for a given energy. Following that, we describe how to incorporate
angular dependence in the (rather obtuse) MCNP interface, and then study how the dose rate varies with the distribution of
incoming angles. The major results and useful curve fits are summarized at the end. The appendix contains listings of useful
scripts and MCNP templates. This report does not address the backscattered electron issue. That problem is complex because
it requires self-consistent treatment of the electrons in the external electric fields once they are ejected from the target. Suffice
it to say that a thicker target produces more backscatter and therefore more defocusing. When choosing a target thickness,
rather than selecting from the peak output given below, one may prefer to choose a (usually much thinner) target corresponding
to the 95% output level, or even lower as desired. Of course, a target which must withstand multiple beam pulses has
constraints driving the thickness in the opposite direction, in order to maintain sufficient line density during the hydrodynamic
evolution of the material.
NTIS
Bremsstrahlung; Dosage; Tantalum; Targets; Tungsten
199

20060002468 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS) Measurements of Plutonium Activity Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center
Hamilton, T. F.; Brown, T. A.; Marchetti, A. A.; Martinelli, R. E.; Kehl, S. R.; Mar. 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016419; UCRL-SR-212001; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Plutonium-239 ((sup 239)Pu) and plutonium-239+240 ((sup 239+240)Pu) activities concentrations and (sup 240)Pu/(sup
239)Pu atom ratios are reported for a series of chemically purified soil extracts received from the Carlsbad Environmental
Monitoring & Research Center (CEMRC) in New Mexico. Samples were analyzed without further purification at the
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). This report also includes a
brief description of the AMS system and internal laboratory procedures used to ensure the quality and reliability of the
measurement data.
NTIS
Environmental Monitoring; Mass Spectroscopy; Soils; Plutonium 239
20060002470 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Space-Charge Transport Limits in Periodic Channels
Lund, S. M.; Chawla, S. R.; May 18, 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016422; UCRL-CONF-212383; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
It has been empirically observed in both experiments and particle-in-cell simulations that space-charge-dominated beams
suffer strong emittance growth and particle losses in alternating gradient quadrupole transport channels when the undepressed
phase advance (sigma)(sub 0) increases beyond about 85(sup o) per lattice period. Although this criteria has been used
extensively in practical designs of intense beam transport lattices, no theory exists that explains the limit. We propose a
mechanism for the transport limit resulting from classes of halo particle resonances near the core of the beam that allow
near-edge particles to rapidly increase in oscillation amplitude when the space-charge intensity and the flutter of the matched
beam envelope are both sufficiently large. Due to a finite beam edge and/or perturbations, this mechanism can result in
dramatic halo-driven increases in statistical beam phase space area, lost particles, and degraded transport. A core-particle
model for a uniform density elliptical beam in a periodic focusing lattice is applied to parametrically analyze this process.
NTIS
Charge Transfer; Emittance; Space Charge
20060002471 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
Phinney, D. L.; Feb. 17, 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016427; UCRL-CONF-209813; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The focus of this review is on trace-element quantitation of microstructures in solids. This review is aimed at the
non-specialist who wants to know how SIMS quantitation is achieved. Despite 35 years of SIMS research and applications,
SIMS quantitation remains a fundamentally empirical enterprise and is based on standards. The most used standards are ‘bulk
standards’ - - solids with a homogeneous distribution of a trace element - - and ion-implanted solids. The SIMS systematics
of bulk standards and ion-implanted solids are reviewed.
NTIS
Microstructure; Quantitative Analysis; Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry; Spectrometers
20060002477 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
Westenskow, G. A.; Grote, D. P.; Halaxa, E.; Kwan, J. W.; Bieniosek, F.; May 12, 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016432; UCRL-CONF-212186; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
To provide a compact high-brightness heavy-ion beam source for Heavy Ion Fusion (HIF) accelerators, we have been
experimenting with merging multi-beamlets in an injector which uses an RF plasma source. In an 80-kV 20- microsecond
experiment, the RF plasma source has produced up to 5 mA of Ar+ in a single beamlet. An extraction current density of 100
mA/cm2 was achieved, and the thermal temperature of the ions was below 1 eV. We have tested at full voltage gradient the
first 4 gaps of an injector design. Einzel lens were used to focus the beamlets while reducing the beamlet to beamlet space
200

charge interaction. We were able to reach greater than 100 kV/cm in the first four gaps. We also performed experiments on
a converging 119 multi-beamlet source. Although the source has the same optics as a full 1.6 MV injector system, these test
were carried out at 400 kV due to the test stand HV limit. We have measured the beam’s emittance after the beamlets are
merged and passed through an electrostatic quadrupole (ESQ). Our goal is to confirm the emittance growth and to demonstrate
the technical feasibility of building a driver-scale HIF injector.
NTIS
Brightness; Injectors; Ion Beams
20060002481 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts: Nuclear Physics
Kline, K. M.; Apr. 08, 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016439; UCRL-PROC-211199; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The document is a collection of abstracts of posters and exhibits on the subject of nuclear physics.
NTIS
Nuclear Physics; Science
20060002483 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation CU Beam Dump
Reyes, S.; Boles, J. L.; Ahle, L. E.; Stein, W.; Wirth, B. D.; May 11, 2005; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016440; UCRL-CONF-212167; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
Within the scope of conceptual research and development (R&D) activities in support of the Rare Isotope Accelerator
(RIA) facility, high priority is given to the development of high-power fragmentation beam dumps. A pre-study was made of
a static water-cooled Cu beam dump that can meet requirements for a 400 MeV/u uranium beam. The issue of beam sputtering
was addressed and found to be insignificant. Preliminary radiation transport simulations show significant damage (in
displacements per atom, DPA) in the vicinity of the Bragg peak of the uranium ions. Experimental data show that defects in
Cu following neutron or high-energy particle irradiation tend to saturate at doses between 1 and 5 DPA, and this saturation
in defect density also results in saturation of mechanical property degradation. However, effects of swift heavy ion irradiation
and the production of gaseous and solid transmutant elements still need to be addressed. Initial calculations indicate that He
concentrations on the order of 400 appm are produced in the beam dump after several weeks of continuous operation and He
embrittlement may be a concern. Recommendations are made for further investigation of Cu irradiation effects for
RIA-relevant conditions.
NTIS
Fragmentation; Irradiation; Isotopes
20060002485 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts: Light and Matter
Kline, K. M.; Apr. 07, 2005; 16 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016445; UCRL-PROC-211168; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Contents: The Quantum Nature of Light: Using Highly Charged Uranium to Test Quantum Theory with Unprecedented
Accuracy; Hot Hohlraums and Albert Einstein; Short-Pulse Laser Absorption and Solid-Target Heating at Relativistic Laser
Intensities; Relativistic Plasma Simulations; Pair Production and Positron Annihilation; Electron Speedometer for Solid-
Density Plasmas; Superconducting Ultrahigh-Energy-Resolution X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Spectrometers;
Hyperspectral Imaging; Past, Present, and Future of Relativistic Optical Technology at LLNL; Watching Crystals Melt in Real
Time with Ultrafast X-Ray Vision; The Wave/Particle Duality of Light; Shining New Light on High-Energy Physics: Photon
Colliders at the High-Energy Frontier; Exploiting the Duality of Light in Photonic Integrated Circuits and Fiber-Based
Systems; X-Ray Tomography from High-Energy-Density Physics Targets to Michelangelo’s David; The Solid-State Heat
Capacity Laser; Janus Intense Short Pulse: The Next Ultrahigh Intensity Laser at LLNL; Mapping Phonons at High-Pressure:
Phase Transformation, Phase Stability, and Elastic Anisotropy; Ultrafast Science; Brownian Motion for Photons; Asymptotic
Freedom in the Diffusive Regime of Neutron Transport.
NTIS
Abstracts; Light Sources; Science
201

20060002492 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Simple Model of Delayed Neutron Emission
Cullen, D. E.; Jun. 06, 2004; 48 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15014319; UCRL-TR-204743; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
No abstract available
Delay; Neutron Emission
71
ACOUSTICS
Includes sound generation, transmission, and attenuation. For noise pollution see 45 Environment Pollution. For aircraft noise see also
02 Aerodynamics and 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power.
20060000034 Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, Southampton, UK
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research Annual Report 2005
Nelson, P. A.; [2005]; 115 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Research within ISVR continues to strengthen with yet another increase in research funding during the reporting year.
Steps are also being taken to enhance our activities still further through the appointment of junior staff in a number of
strategically important areas. Funding has been agreed through the Strategic Planning process within the University for new
appointments in underwater acoustics, computational aeroacoustics, audio signal processing, and human response to vibration.
Many of these posts are to be funded from external sources in addition to the contributions made through the allocation
received by the ISVR from the University. It will be vitally important for the future well-being of the Institute that researchers
are appointed who are capable of contributing to research of world-leading quality. It will also be vital that the appointments
made will strengthen the Institute’s contribution to the forthcoming Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) to be undertaken
by HEFCE in 2008. It is worth mentioning, that in accordance with University policy, the Institute undertook an exercise to
monitor the quality of its research outputs during the Strategic Planning round held in the Spring of 2005. The Institute
consulted eight external referees to moderate the judgements made within the Institute of the quality of our research outputs.
This proved to be a most useful exercise and confirmed that ISVR is well placed to produce a return of good quality to the
next RAE. It will be vital to maximize the number of publications that can be judged to be world-leading if the ISVR’s
allocation of research funding through the HEFCE QR (Quality Research) mechanism is to be sustained. Much of our research
in the field of structural dynamics continues to be undertaken in areas of traditional strength, including further work on
numerical and analytical methods, especially with regard to bridging the gap between low frequency finite element models and
high frequency methods based on statistical energy analysis. Research in this area has the potential to yield real practical
benefits to engineers working in this field, especially with respect to the quantification of uncertainty when making predictions
based on numerical methods. It is very satisfying to see our strength in railway noise and vibration result not only in research
outputs of high quality, but also in a high level of external visibility and recognition for our expertise in this area. Work in
the automotive field is focusing on suspension dynamics and problems of vibration isolation using passive, active and
semi-active methods. The dynamics of road tire interaction and tire noise radiation is also attracting considerable attention.
It will continue to be important to build both new industrial links in this area and to strengthen existing relationships. Other
work on fatigue pipe vibration, smart structures, active control and shock complete the comprehensive portfolio for activities
in the area of dynamics. As mentioned elsewhere, the forthcoming construction of the new ISVR building also offers a good
opportunity to relocate and improve our facilities for experimental structural dynamics. The Fluid Dynamics and Acoustics
Group have this year been outstandingly successful in attracting major research funding, especially for work in the field of
aeroacoustics, through their participation in a number of EU-funded research programs. The traditional areas of study in this
field continue to attract attention with significant programs of work on jet mixing noise, fan noise, duct acoustics, and on
advanced measurement techniques. The central importance for the aerospace industry of reducing environmental pollution is
the main driver behind these activities and these difficult problems are being tackled with an ever increasing level of
sophistication. The application of numerical methods to aeroacoustics continues to be a fertile area of research and numerically
based prediction teciques are being used with increasing levels of confidence in the aerospace industry. Our close relationship
with Rolls-Royce plc through the University Technology Center for Gas Turbine Noise continues to be pivotal in promoting
these research developments. Great progress has also been made during the last year in the field of underwater acoustics with
a strategic relationship being built with DSTL. It will be very important to build further on this relationship during the
forthcoming years as the opportunities for work in this area grow significantly as a result of new mechanisms for funding
research relevant to national defence priorities. It should also be noted that collaborations with other Schools, especially the
202

National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, and the Schools of Chemistry and Engineering Sciences are also forming the
basis of some exciting new research developments in this area. New appointments in the Human Sciences Group have been
facilitated through the increased income generated by our new undergraduate program in Audiology. This will undoubtedly
in due course help strengthen our research activities in hearing aids and cochlear implants, cochlear and vestibular function,
and related aspects of hearing and research. It will be important in the future for strong collaborations to develop between
researchers in this group and those in other groups in the Institute to ensure that the potentia1 benefits are realized of
cross-fertilization between our expertise in engineering and the human sciences. This also applies to the area of human
response to vibration, in which we have great strength, and upon which we wish to build with significant investment in
equipment and facilities during the forthcoming year. The new building will house a multi-axis simulator facility that will keep
us at the leading edge of activities in this area. . The strengthening of our activities in biomedical signal processing is clearly
producing some exciting developments in this field with a strong participation in the University’s neuroscience initiative being
particularly noteworthy. There is also great potential for work with other Schools at the Life Sciences Interface, especially
through collaboration with the School of Health Professions and Rehabilitation Sciences with whom we are developing an
increasingly close relationship. More traditional areas of activity continue to yield research outputs of high quality, especially
in the fields of active control, auditory and speech modelling and underwater signal processing and control. There also remains
great potential for further exploitation and application of signal processing methods across a wide range of other activities
within the Institute and the University as a whole.
Author
Acoustics; Aerodynamic Noise; Auditory Signals; Fluid Dynamics
20060001587 London Univ., UK
Cancellation of Acoustic Noise in a Pipe Using Digital Adaptive Filters
Flockton, Stuart J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 5.8.1 - 5.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes a series of experiments on the control of acoustic noise by antiphase electroacoustic feedback,
utilizing a 4-chip digital adaptive filter developed by British Telecom Research Laboratories. An active control system must
provide accurate modelling of an acoustic path (for 20dB attenuation the error in magnitude of the modelling must not exceed
10% and the error in phase must not exceed 6 deg), but also a should be made inherently stable despite the closed loop
necessarily formed by the (detector)/(filter system)/(secondary source)/(detector). The system described here overcomes the
problem in two parts. There is a digital adaptive filter arranged to act in the same way as a conventional echo canceller to kill
the feedback loop, and there is a second such filter arranged to provide the required feedforward transfer function for
cancellation to be achieved. The characteristics of these filters are described and also illustrated by experimental results.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Cancellation; Electroacoustics; Feedback
20060001600 Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
A New Algorithm for Maximum Entropy Image Reconstruction
Wei, Gong; He, Zhen-ya; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 14.12.1 - 14.12.3; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for maximum entropy reconstruction of the original image from a part of its
noise corrupted linear measurement. The algorithm we propose here is a iterative way which uses the fast Fourier transform
(FFT) so that it consumes less computer time than others do.
Author
Algorithms; Image Reconstruction; Maximum Entropy Method; Mathematical Models
20060001613 Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications, Paris, France
Spectral Distribution and Damping Factors Measurements of Musical Strings using FFT Techniques
Chaigne, Antoine J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 5.5.1-5.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We present a new experimental technique of measuring the partial’s amplitudes and decay times of musical strings, using
a dual channel FFT analyser. Examining the results in terms of the internal losses of the strings shows that the dynamic
stiffness is an important parameter for the temporal evolution of the spectral distribution. We relate these results to perceptual
203

parameters and propose some important variables to control in musical sound.
Author
Fast Fourier Transformations; Decay; Spectral Energy Distribution; Stiffness
20060001624 Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Yokahama, Japan
High Resolution Frequency Analysis of Voices-Feature Extraction of Nasal Consonants
Harada, Tetsuya; Kawarda, Hiroshi; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 8.7.1 - 8.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper gives a high resolution spectral analysis of Japanese nasal syllables uttered by 50 male and female speakers,
feature extraction and recognition experiments. The spectral analyzer consists of a band-pass filter bank whose resolution is
24 or 96 channels per octave and Q=30 or 14. Detailed observation of spectral patterns of the nasal syllables shows that the
features which distinguish between labial and alveolar exist not only in the second formant transition but also in frequency
interval between the second and higher formants. In the recognition experiments for 1,000 nasal syllables based on a new
recognition method named augmented feature space method (AFSM), all syllables are recognized correctly excluding several
misheard ones in the hearing test.
Author
Frequencies; Speech Recognition; Spectrum Analysis
20060001635 Analysis and Technology, Inc., North Stonington, CT, USA
Design of Continuous Gain Adaptive Alpha Beta Trackers for Passive Sonar Application
Wenk, Carl J.; Jarvis, Harold F., Jr.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 12.1.1-12.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents a new method for realtime tracking of target signal parameters in passive underwater acoustics. The
method provides a recursive, closed-loop alpha beta tracking algorithm, in which gains alpha and beta adapt automatically in
a continuous-valued, instantaneous manner, to both received target signal-to-noise ratio variation, and target dynamical
maneuvers.
Author
Underwater Acoustics; Amplification; Adaptive Control; Tracking (Position)
20060001637 Naval Underwater Systems Center, New London, CT, USA
High Resolution Multipath Time Delay Estimation for Broadband Random Signals
Ianniello, John P.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 12.4.1 - 12.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We examine the limits to multipath time delay resolution for broadband random signals. We first derive Cramer-Rao
bounds for both two path and three path cases to establish baseline performance for unbiased estimation. We then compare
the bounds with computer simulation. For the two path case we implement a maximum likelihood estimator while for the three
path case we estimate the delays using the Modified Forward Backward Linear Prediction algorithm developed for high
resolution frequency estimation. It is shown that both techniques achieve performance close to the Cramer-Rao bound.
Author
Broadband; High Resolution; Random Signals; Time Lag; Mathematical Models
20060001638 Naval Underwater Systems Center, New London, CT, USA
A Practical Approach to Estimation of Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a Composite Signal in Non-White
Gaussian Noise
Tremblay, Roger J.; Carter, G. Clifford; Lytle, Dean W.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 12.9.1 - 12.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources
A method for estimating the amplitude and time delay parameters for signals which can be represented as a sum of a
number of scaled and delayed replicas of a known signal in the presence of non-white Gaussian noise is presented. The method
is based upon the principles of maximum likelihood estimation but at certain key points simplifying assumptions are made
that result in a computationally practical estimation scheme.
Author
Delay; Time Lag; Signal Analysis; Maximum Likelihood Estimates
204

20060001646 Windsor Univ., Ontario, Canada
Segmentation of Noisy Images Modelled by Markov Random Fields with Gibbs Distribution
El-Gabali, M.; Shridhar, M.; Ahmadi, M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 551-554; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Restoration of noisy images through the use of Gibbs field model for the image and a Gaussian random field
characterization of the corrupting noise is discussed in this paper. Two new algorithms capable of parallel implementation are
presented and shown to yield satisfactory restoration of images corrupted by high levels of noise.
Author
Noise (Sound); Restoration; Images
20060001650 Technion - Israel Inst. of Tech., Haifa, Israel
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe Detection and Estimation of Dim Targets
Porat, Boaz; Friedlander, Banjamin; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 591-594; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F04704 86 C 0144; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper proposes a new algorithm for detecting moving targets by mosaic sensors and estimating their trajectories. The
algorithm is based oil directional filtering ill the frequency domain, using a bank of filters for all possible target directions.
The proposed algorithm is described in detail, and its performance is illustrated by a numerical example.
Author
Detection; Algorithms; Random Noise; Targets; Dimming; Frequency Domain Analysis
20060001654 Institut de la Communication Parlee, Grenoble, France
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation of Continuous Variations of the Length in a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects
of Area Function Spatial Sampling
Wu, H. Y.; Badin, P.; Cheng, Y. M.; Guerin, B.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 1.4.2-1.4.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The shape of the vocal tract and its dynamic transitions convey an essential part of the phonetic information in speech.
Therefore the way to represent this shape is important for the quality of speech coding or speech synthesis. In this paper, we
first study the influence of the spatial sampling of the area function upon the acoustic characteristics of the vocal tract, and
determine an optimal sampling step minimizing the computational cost without perceptual degradation. In a second part, we
deal with the problem of continuous variation of the vocal tract length for a KELLY-LOCHBAUM reflexion line analog
simulation : we propose a method of temporal sampling frequency conversion.
Author
Voice Data Processing; Analog Simulation; Frequency Converters; Phonetics
20060001656 Institute for Perception RVO-TNO, Soesterberg, Netherlands
Diagnostic Information from Subjective and Objective Intelligibility Tests
Steeneken, Herman J. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 1.3.1 - 1.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
An attempt was made to obtain from two subjective and one objective intelligibility measures additional information
concerning the type of deterioration the speech signal was subjected to. For this method a data reduction of the original
phoneme scores and phoneme confusions was applied. This procedure was also performed for an objective (intelligibility
related) physical measure, the STI. Promising results on the classification of speech transmission systems were obtained,
especially with the objective method. The method based on subjective measures may also be of interest for the classification
of hearing disorders.
Author
Intelligibility; Phonemes; Auditory Defects; Classifications
20060001658 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
Ahlbom, Gunnar; Bimbot, Frederic; Chollet, Gerard; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 1.5.1-1.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
205

ATAL introduced a technique for decomposing speech into phone-length temporal events in terms of overlapping and
interacting articulatory gestures. This paper reports on simplifications of this technique with applications to acoustic-phonetic
synthesis. Spectral evolution is represented by time-indexed trajectories in the p-dimensional space of Log-Area Ratios {y(sub
i) = Ln ((1+k(sub i))/(1-k(sub i))} where k(sub i) are the reflection coefficients obtained from short-time stationary LPC
analysis. The vocal tract configuration (spectral vector) associated with each interpolation function belongs to a finite set of
articulatory targets (vector quantization code book). A set of speech segments (‘polysons’) has been encoded using this
technique. It includes diphones, demi-syllables, and other units that are difficult to segment. Temporal decomposition using
target spectra can break the complex encoding of these segments. In particular, coarticulation effects are analytically explained
and modeled. It is demonstrated that these new tools provide an adequate environment in our search for better rules in acoustic
speech synthesis.
Author
Phonetics; Reflectance; Decomposition; Interpolation; Syllables; Speech
20060001663 Thomson SINTRA ASM, France
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
Alinat, Pierre; Gallais, Evelyne; Haton, Jean-Paul; Pierrel, Jean-Marie; Richard, Pascal; IEEE International Conference on
Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 10.3.1-10.3.4; In English; See also
20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We present in this paper an application of a continuous speech understanding system to the control of a sonar console by
a human operator. This application is really useful since it does correspond to a practical need of the operator who has his eyes
busy looking at the sonar screen. It presents three original features : the acoustic-phonetic decoding part of the system is not
based on a classical phoneme labeling process but it yields for each segment of speech a set of acoustic phonetic labels that
describe this segment very precisely. This phonetic labeling is associated with a special procedure for lexical access; - the
system is actually a man-machine dialog system and not only a system capable of understanding a single sentence as it is often
the case. The history of the dialog is used as a special knowledge source during the understanding process. This point highly
increases the overall performance of the system ; - the understanding process, and particularly the emission of hypotheses, is
based on the knowledge about the language (lexicon and syntax) but also on the context of the dialog ; pragmatic knowledge
is thus intimately associated with the analysis of a sentence. The paper presents the architecture of the system and its various
components. It also discusses experimental results obtained in a multispeaker mode.
Author
Sonar; Speech Recognition; Remote Consoles; Phonetics; Systems Engineering
20060001672 American Telephone and Telegraph Co., NJ, USA
Continuous Speech Recognition by Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification Obtained from a Hidden Markov Model
Levinson, S. E.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 3.8.1-3.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper describes an experimental continuous speech recognition system comprising procedures for acoustic/phonetic
classification, lexical access and sentence retrieval. Speech is assumed to be composed of a small number of phonetic units
which may be identified with the states of a hidden Markov model. The acoustic correlates of the phonetic units are then
characterized by the observable Gaussian process associated with the corresponding state of the underlying Markov chain.
Once the parameters of such a model are determined, a phonetic transcription of an utterance can be obtained by means of
a Viterbi-like algorithm. Given a lexicon in which each entry is orthographically represented in terms of the chosen phonetic
units, a word lattice is produced by a lexical access procedure. Lexical items whose orthography matches subsequences of the
phonetic transcription are sought by means of a hash coding technique and their likelihoods are computed directly from the
corresponding interval of acoustic measurements. The recognition process is completed by recovering from the word lattice,
the string of words of maximum likelihood conditioned on the measurements. The desired string is derived by a best-first
search algorithm. In an experimental evaluation of the system, the parameters of an acoustic/phonetic model were estimated
from fluent utterances of 37 seven-digit numbers. A digit recognition rate of 96% was then observed on an independent test
set of 59 utterances of the same form from the same speaker. Half of the observed errors resulted from insertions while
deletions and substitutions accounted equally for the other half.
Author
Acoustic Measurement; Speech Recognition; Phonetics; Maximum Likelihood Estimates; Markov Chains; Classifications
206

20060001681 University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA
A Quadratic Residue Processor for Complex DSP Applications
Bayoumi, Magdy A.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 475-478; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The performance requirements for high speed realtime Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications, coupled with the
hardware complexity for manipulating data over complex fields can often exceed the capacity of the traditional signal
processors. In this paper, a signal processor for complex DSP applications has been developed. It is based on using the
Quadratic Residue Number System (QRNS) which establishes parallelism on the functional level and optimizes the required
hardware. By employing QRNS, the interaction between the real and imaginary channels in complex arithmetic is eliminated,
and two real multiplications are only required to perform complex multiplication. The processor design is optimized for
efficient computation of the FFT and signal processing operations based on FFT such as FIR filtering, IFFT, convolution,
correlation and multiplication. This computational versatility is’achieved through macroprogrammability. FIFO’s First-in
First-out) are used for storing the input, intermediate, and output data (and coefficients). Customized look-up tables are
employed for implementing the residue operations. The developed processor can be employed either as a stand-alone
processor or as a peripheral processor (Co-processor).
Author
Signal Processing; Signal Analyzers
20060001682 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant Digital Signal Processing Arrays
Chau, Paul M.; Chew, Kay C.; Ku, Walter H.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 483-486; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper presents the extension of bit-serial architectures for next-generation signal processing chips with floating-point
and fault-tolerant capabilities. The architecture and design of a novel bit-serial floating-point complex multiplier-accumulator
CMAC) hardware is described. Fault-tolerant features are incorporated by embedding these CMACs into dynamically
reconfigurable systolic arrays. The arrays can be utilized for FIR filtering, convolution, correlation and other signal processing
applications based upon multiply-accumulate. Furthermore, these computational cores can be incorporated into more complex
processors which perform FFT-type computations. With the advent of submicron VLSI technology, the smaller device
geometries will afford either the implementation of greater functionality and/or computational capabilities. These increased
capabilities will enable the solution of more demanding signal processing problems where there exist broad dynamic range
requirements or low signal to noise conditions. But also associated with the increased functionality is the greater need for fault
tolerance in high performance applications. Our bit-serial floating-point complex multiplier-accumulator wi11 serve many
such signal processing needs.
Author
Accumulators; Computer Techniques; Fast Fourier Transformations; Floating Point Arithmetic; Signal Processing
20060001683 Erlangen-Nuernberg Univ., Erlangen, Germany
OCF-A New Coding Algorithm for High Quality Sound Signals
Brandenburg, Karlheinz; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 5.1.1 - 5.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Optimum Coding in the Frequency domain (0CF) uses entropy coding of quantized spectral coefficients to efficiently code
high quality sound signals with 3 bits/sample. In an iterative algorithm psychoacoustic weighting is used to get the
quantization noise to be masked in every critical band. The coder itself uses iterative quantizer control to get each data block
to be coded with a fixed number of bits. Details about the OCF-Coder are presented together with information about the
codebook needed and the training for the entropy coder. An algorithm for calculating a noise-to-mask ratio is presented which
helps to identify, where quantization noise could be audible.
Author
Algorithms; Coders; Hearing; Frequencies; Coding
20060001685 Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, Southampton, UK
Casual Constraints on the Active Control of Sound
Nelson, P. A.; Hammond, J. K.; Elliott, S. J.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 5.2.1 - 5.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
207

The problem is addressed of evaluating the maximum net reduction in acoustic power output produced by introducing a
singLe point monopole secondary source to control the sound field radiated by a single point monopoLe primary source in
a free field. The secondary source is constrained to act causally with respect to the primary source, The problem reduces to
solving a Wiener-Hopf integral equation for the optimal reliable impulse response relating the secondary and primary source
outputs. A solution is given which has a well-defined physical significance and demonstrates the need for the secondary source
to act as a predictor in order that destructive interference of the primary field is possible at field points closer to the primary
source than the secondary source.
Author
Active Control; Acoustics; Wiener Hopf Equations; Sound Transmission; Sound Fields; Point Sources; Monopoles
20060001690 Institut de la Communication Parlee, Grenoble, France
Neural Network of the Auditory System: Influence of the Temporal Context on the Response Represented by a Random
Field
Herve, Thierry; Dolmazon, Jean Marc; Demongeot, Jacques; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 5.6.1-5.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
A model of a neural network of the auditory system is presented; it is based on the representation of the temporal activity
of N fibers by a random field defined on a finite set. Our simulations show the behavior of the network in response to different
stimuli; we investigate the duration of the transient times of the output random field and establish the link between these
durations and a context effect. The results are consistent with the characteristics of a speech signal, and we could compare
some of them to typical perceptive measures made on stop consonants.
Author
Neural Nets; Random Signals; Speech; Simulation
20060001691 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corp., Yokosuka, Japan
Expansion of Listening Area with Good Localization in Audio Conferencing
Aoki, Shigeaki; Koizumi, Nobuo; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 5.3.1 - 5.3.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Audio conferencing quality can be improved by introducing the localization effect for participants at both sites. This paper
proposes a new method which can expand the listening area with good localization for each participant in audio conferencing.
The method can suppress interference between sounds radiated to different listening areas by using the localization-in-head
and precedence effects and the directivity of a doublet source. The proposed stereo reproduction system employs three pairs
of loudspeakers placed on a rectangular table. The effectiveness of the system is confirmed by subjective testing and its
performance with various recording methods is also investigated. It can provide good localization not only at the center of the
listening area, but also at its sides. In terms of recording method, using a center-placed microphone with two spaced
microphones was found to contribute to good localization.
Author
Loudspeakers; Position (Location); Audio Equipment
20060001696 Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicacion, Madrid, Spain
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
Paez-Borrallo, Jose M.; Figueiras-Vidal, Anibal, R.; Vergara-Dominguez, Luis; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 11.9.1 - 11.9.4; In English; See also 20060001583;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We present a general family of frequency adaptive algorithms; it is based on the minimization of the gradient of the k-th
absolute power of the overall frequency error. We use a context of plant identification to develop the adaptive equations, to
establish their averaged versions and to find the convergence conditions. A general discussion of performance is also given.
Finally, we verify the obtained results for the first four algorithms by means of some computer simulations.
Author
Adaptive Filters; Algorithms; Least Squares Method; Frequencies
20060001698 Iowa Univ., Iowa City, IA, USA
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive Army Filtering
Liang, H.; Malik, N.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 6.5.1 - 6.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
208

This paper introduces an adaptive filtering method that rejects interfering speech from nonpreferred directions. Phase
delays in interfering signals received by three receivers are used to obtain a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reference input
for an adaptive filter. Since adaptive filter output SNR is inversely proportional to its reference input SNR, this method works
very well theoretically. To minimize the excess steady-state error in conventional schemes, a master-slave structure is
introduced. Simulations with digitized speech data, tested both by comparing waveforms and by listening, showed significant
improvements. Due to the computational simplicity of the method, real-time realization is feasible.
Author
Noise Reduction; Signal to Noise Ratios; Adaptive Filters; Real Time Operation; Waveforms
20060001708 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA
Texture Segmentation Using a Class of Narrowband Filters
Clark, marianna; Bovik, Alan C.; Geisler, Wilson S.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 14.6.1 - 14.5.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources
A class of 2D filters is proposed for segmenting visible images into regions of uniform texture. The filters used, known
as Gabor filters, are optimal in several senses: they have tunable orientation bandwidths, they can be defined to operate over
a range of spatial frequency channels, and they obey the uncertainty principle in two dimensions. The filters are interpreted
as transforming the image into a modulated narrowband signal whose envelope coincides with the textured region to which
the filter is tuned. Moreover, the receptive fields of neurons in the visual cortex are known to have shapes that approximate
2D Gabor filters, whose purpose has been uncertain. We suggest that they may play an important role in texture
segmentation/surface perception. The technique is demonstrated using a variety of natural and synthetic textures.
Author
Narrowband; Textures; Segments; Gabor Filters
20060001723 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA, USA
Efficient CFAR Detection of Line Segments in a 2-D Image
Chu, Peter L.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 587-590; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A computationally efficient algorithm is proposed for detecting line segments in an image of additive, i.i.d. (independent,
identically distributed) Gaussian noise. Meteors, satellites, or other moving objects may be optically detected using the
algorithm. A CFAR (Constant False Alarm Rate) characteristic is designed into the algorithm to give equal probabilities of
false alarm for all streak lengths. Compared to the 2-D optimum matched filter approach, the algorithm loses 2 dB in
signal-to-noise ratio, but requires hundreds of times less computation.
Author
Detection; False Alarms; Mathematical Models; Images; Algorithms
20060001726 Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A Vocal Tract/Cord Model
Schroeter, J.; Larar, J. N.; Sondhi, M. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 8.6.1 - 8.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper proposes the use of a vocal cord and tract model for speech coding at bit rates below 4.8 kb/s. For this. a key
requirement is the ability to derive model parameters from an input speech signal. Our approach to this problem employs an
acoustic analysis front-end, a linked codebook of vocal-tract configurations and related acoustic characteristics, and an
optimizing articulatory synthesizer. While the acoustic front-end is relatively straight-forward involving LPC. pitch, and
voicing analyses, the codebook design and usage, as well as the specific method for optimizing the model parameters are new.
The codebook is intended to provide good starting values for an iterative optimization, thus alleviating the problem of locking
on to a locally optimum solution. In a first stage of optimization, the best vocal tract configuration found in the codebook is
refined by varying only the vocal tract parameters. Then. in a second stage of optimization, the best match is found between
the global waveform of the model and the inverse filtered input speech.
Author
Voice Data Processing; Speech Recognition; Signal Analyzers; Parameter Identification; Speech
209

20060001730 Naval Underwater Systems Center, New London, CT, USA
Passive Ranging in Multipath-Dominated Environment
Hamilton, Miriam; Schultheiss, Peter M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 12.7.1 - 12.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-80-C-0092; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
At long ranges the Cramer-Rao lower bound on passive ranging error is proportional to the fourth power of the
range-to-array-baseline ratio. This behavior results from the diminishing wavefront curvature observed by an array at long
ranges, and leads to unacceptable performance in many applications of interest. If energy arrives over two different paths one
can measure the differential delay between the arrivals and use it to improve the range estimate. This paper demonstrates that
the resulting improvement in range accuracy can he very substantial when the propagation conditions encountered by the two
arrivals are known precisely. Even modest uncertainties concerning propagation conditions can seriously limit that
improvement. With large uncertainties one generally cannot achieve significant improvements over single path measurements.
Author
Multipath Transmission; Sound Ranging
20060001797 Southern Methodist Univ., Dallas, TX USA
Evidence for an Infrasound Waveguide
Herrin, Eugene; Kim, Tae Sung; Stump, Brian; Nov. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9113M-05-0018
Report No.(s): AD-A440255; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
On May 30, 2005, eight strongly dispersed infrasound signals were recorded at one seismo-acoustic array in the Republic
of Korea. Phase-matched filtering (Herrin & Goforth, 1977) and a forward modeling technique were used to determine the
nature of the dispersion. The most likely explanation for these dispersed infrasound signals is that the dispersion is due to
propagation down a low-velocity waveguide: This can be characterized as an ephemeral ‘SOFAR’ layer in the atmosphere.
DTIC
Infrasonic Frequencies; Waveguides
20060001884 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA
Volume Sensor Development Test Series 2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings, and Spectral and Acoustic
Signatures
Lynch, James A.; Gottuk, Daniel T.; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.; Steinhurst, Daniel A.; Minor, Christian
P.; Wales, Stephen C.; Williams, Frederick W.; Farley, John P.; Nov. 24, 2004; 134 pp.; In English; Original contains color
illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440439; NRL/MR-MM/6180--04-8843; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center
(DTIC)
Real-scale fire tests in mock ship compartments were conducted to collect data of acoustic and spectral sensors and to
experimentally evaluate the fire detection performance of three commercially available video image fire detection systems
under various lighting and camera setting configurations. One goal was to establish an understanding of the performance
sensitivity and limitations of the VID systems to various setup and environmental conditions that may occur onboard ship. The
performance of the detections systems was compared to the response of multiple state-of-the-art smoke detection technologies
for a range of fire and nuisance source exposures. Additionally, these tests provide a large database of information to evaluate
the spectral and acoustic signatures of the various fire and nuisance sources. Toward this end, microphones, long wave-length
video imaging and a test bed of single and multiple element sensors were included in the tests.
DTIC
Acoustic Properties; Cameras; Damage; Fires; Illuminating; Signatures; Spectra; Spectral Signatures
20060002505 Columbia Univ., NY, USA
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing through Electromyography
Shan, Jing; Visentin, Peter; Shan, Gongbing; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and
Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 31-36; In English; See
also 20060002498; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Electromyogram (EMG) measures electrical activity associated with neural firings in musculature. Such bio-signals can
be used to quantify muscle activity. Since singing is a human biocultural phenomenon, there should exist a connection between
210

musical properties like pitch and biological parameters. such as the percent of muscle usage. This study explores the reliability
of EMG in quantifying the activities of Rectus Abdominis, two muscles essential to respiration during singing. Such a
quantitative method is desired by practitioners for identifying one s innate singing abilities, or talent. This study also proposes
a method of quantitatively identifying efficient pedagogy by comparing pre-training and post-training EMG. Our goals were
to validate the method and to provide reliable criticisms for analysis of strengths and weaknesses in singing. A NORAXON
wireless EMG was used to measure the muscle activities of a female voice professor as she sang the notes F3 (low pitch), F,
(medium pitch) and F5 (high pitch). The results showed a non-linear, but noteworthy and consistent increase in muscle
activity. as the pitches became higher. They confirmed our hypothesis that EMG can be used as a quantitative assessment of
singing and showed that there exists a reliable connection between the level of muscle activity and musical pitch. Most
importantly, this study showed that EMG has the potential for better teaching method and could increase the reliability of
talent searches in singing.
Author
Activity (Biology); Electromyography; Muscular Function; Hypotheses; Acoustics; Audio Frequencies
72
ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
Includes atomic and molecular structure, electron properties, and atomic and molecular spectra. For elementary particle physics see 73
Nuclear Physics.
20060001801 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA USA
Biological Sensing with Terahertz Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy
Plaxco, Kevin W.; Allen, S. J.; May 31, 2005; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0080
Report No.(s): AD-A440274; ARO-42628-EL.2.00; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
We have developed a circular dichroism spectrometer working in the terahertz (THz) frequency regime. As THz
spectroscopy is specific to collective vibrational modes in macromolecules (and collective modes in condensed, polar media
such as water), the spectrometer should provide spectral fingerprints of biological materials. Moreover, by focusing on circular
dichroism the spectrometer should provide fingerprints of these materials uncontaminated by the strong background
absorbance of water and other polar materials. We have built this spectrometer and have pushed its signal to noise down to
1 part in 10^4. While this is more than sufficient to detect the strong circular dichroism of macroscopic, chiral objects, it is
apparently insufficient to observe circular dichroism arising from common biological materials. Current efforts are aimed at
1-2 orders of magnitude improvements on this detection limit.
DTIC
Detection; Dichroism; Spectroscopy; Warfare
74
OPTICS
Includes light phenomena and the theory of optical devices; for specific optical devices see also 35 Instrumentation and Photography.
For lasers see 36 Lasers and Masers.
20060000072 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
ALTAIR Upgrades Report
Rignaut, Francois; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 61-63; In English; See also
20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
There has been a flurry of activity on and around the ALTAIR adaptive optics (AO) system during 2005A. First and
foremost, we have been commissioning the laser and launch systems (described on page 34 of the June 2005 issue of
GeminiFocus), and upgraded ALTAIR to work in Laser Guide Star (LGS) mode. This effort continued into 2005B with two
runs, in August and September. ALTAIR’S upgrade included a tip-tilt/focus wavefront sensor system, designed at the Herzberg
Institute of Astrophysics (HIA) in Canada, and installed by Gemini personnel. All of the work to date has concentrated on
commissioning the many new functions necessary for LGS AO. We have proven that we can efficiently acquire both the laser
211

and tip-tilt natural guide star (NGS), and we have closed many loops (LGS, tip-tilt NGS and various oflloads) for hours at a
time.
Derived from text
Adaptive Optics; Wave Fronts; Astrophysics
20060001252 International Islamic Univ., Malaysia
Design and Development of Automated 3D Visual Tracking System
Mir-Nasiri, Nazim; bintiHamzaid, Nur Azah; binShahulHameed, Abdul Basid; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers;
Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005, pp. 907-914; In English; See also 20060001246; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Camera-based systems are frequently used to track moving objects which are in the field of their view. This paper
describes design and development of a camera-based visual system that can constantly track a moving object without the
necessity of calibrating the camera in real world coordinates. This reduces the complexity of the system and processing time
due to unnecessary conversions and calibrations. The system consists of a two-motor pan-tilt camera driving mechanism, PCI
image acquisition board, and PWM-based DC-motor driver board. It uses image processing techniques to identify and locate
the object in the 3D scene and motion control algorithms to direct the camera towards the object. Thus the objective of the
project is to develop a vision system and control algorithms which can be locked on a moving object within the field of its
view. The developed software and related interface hardware monitor and control the motors in such a way that the moving
object should always be located right at the center of the camera image plane. The system, in general, simulates the 3D motion
of the human eye which always tends to focus on a moving object within the range of its view. It actually imitates the tracking
ability of human eye.
Author
Automatic Control; Image Processing; Optical Tracking; Computer Vision; Cameras
20060001257 National Taiwan Univ., Taipei, Taiwan, Province of China
Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical Fiber Grating Sensor
Chow-Shing, Shin; Chia-Chin, Chiang; Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers; Vol. 28, No. 6; October 2005,
pp. 985-992; In English; See also 20060001246
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSC90-2212-E002-175; NSC9 1-2212-E-002-056; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Fiber grating sensors have found increasing use in structural applications as deformation monitoring sensors. In the
current work, a simple, low cost and fast responding interrogation system that makes use of a hybrid fiber Bragg grating-long
period fiber grating arrangement to achieve intensity modulation has been developed. The system has been used to interrogate
short period fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) for dynamic strain monitoring. It has been shown that the current system is capable
of resolving strain down to 1.5 mu epsilon and has successfully monitored high frequency strain variation up to 150 kHz in
a PZT actuator. It has also been employed successfully to monitor premature fatigue crack closure.
Author
Bragg Gratings; Deformation; Optical Fibers; Sensors
20060002098 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy and its Illumination Optics
Nishizaka, Takayuki; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on
Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 301-302; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
A total internal reflection fluorescence microscope is a microscope with which the user observes a sample by exciting a
fluorescent dye that produces light of a wavelength longer than that of the illumination light. The produced light is irradiated
onto a sample plane to generate total internal reflection; the user then observes the corresponding fluorescence. The
conventional total internal reflection microscope generates an evanescent field by irradiating laser light onto the sample plane
from one direction. However, if the dye features an oscillation moment in a given direction, it may be impossible with this
unidirectional method to excite the dye and cause it to fluoresce, and to observe the sample, depending on the orientation of
the sample. This invention enables the user to observe the sample and check for the presence of a target protein or the like
regardless of the direction of the target that contains the fluorescent dye; the observer is thus able to count the number of
molecules of the fluorescent dye in a given location. Moreover, unlike NMR and X-ray analysis after crystallization, this
invention enables analysis of changes in three-dimensional biomolecular structures, such as the behavior of activated protein
in water solution, in addition to DNA and RNA observation. With this invention, light from a laser light source is diverged
212

and formed into a conical shape by passing through a diffractive diffuser; the resultant light is then converged by a series of
lenses. Since this configuration produces light containing polarization components in all directions, the dye is excited
uniformly, as discussed above.
Derived from text
Fluorescence; Microscopy; Optics; Illumination
20060002428 Jefferson (Thomas) Lab. Computer Center, Newport News, VA, USA
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class CW Cryomodule
Rimmer, R.; Daly, E. F.; Hicks, W. R.; Preble, J.; Stirbet, M.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-840062; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
We describe the concepts and developments underway at JLab as part of the program to develop a new CW cryomodule
capable of transporting ampere-level beam currents in a compact FEL. Requirements include real-estate gradient of at least
10 MV/m and very strong HOM damping to push BBU thresholds up by two or more orders of magnitude compared to
existing designs. Cavity shape, HOM damping, power couplers, tuners etc. are being designed and optimized for this
application. Cavity considerations include a large iris for beam halo, low-RF losses, HOM frequencies and Q’s, low peak
surface fields, field flatness and microphonics. Module considerations include high packing factor, low static heat leak, image
current heating of beam-line components, cost and maintainability. This module is being developed for the next generation
ERL based high power FELs but may be useful for other applications such as electron cooling, electron-ion colliders,
industrial processing etc.
NTIS
Continuous Radiation; Particle Accelerators
75
PLASMA PHYSICS
Includes magnetohydrodynamics and plasma fusion. For ionospheric plasmas see 46 Geophysics. For space plasmas see 90
Astrophysics.
20060002432 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and NSTX
Redi, M. H.; Dorland, W.; Flore, C. L.; Stutman, D.; Baumgaertel, J. A.; Jun. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841196; PPPL-4083; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Quantitative benchmarks of computational physics codes against experiment are essential for the credible application of
such codes. Fluctuation measurements can provide necessary critical tests of nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations, but such
require extraordinary computational resources. Linear micro-stability calculations with the GS2 (1) gyrokinetic code have
been carried out for tokamak and ST experiments which exhibit internal transport barriers (ITB) and good plasma confinement.
Qualitative correlation is found for improved confinement before and during ITB plasmas on Alcator C-Mod (2) and NSTX
(3) with weaker long wavelength microinstabilities in the plasma core regions. Mixing length transport models are discussed.
The NSTX L-mode is found to be near marginal stability for kinetic ballooning modes.
NTIS
Plasma Control; Tokamak Devices; Toruses
20060002433 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast Ion Losses in NSTX
Fredrickson, E. D.; Darrow, D.; Medley, S.; Menard, J.; Park, H.; Jun. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841197; PPPL-4084; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
During neutral beam injection (NBI) in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX), a wide variety of fast ion driven
instabilities is excited by the large ratio of fast ion velocity to Alfven velocity, together with the relatively high fast ion beta,
beta(sub)f. The fast ion instabilities have frequencies ranging from a few kilohertz to the ion cyclotron frequency. The modes
can be divided roughly into three categories, starting with Energetic Particle Modes (EPM) in the lowest frequency range (0
to 120 kHz), the Toroidal Alfven Eigenmodes (TAE) in the intermediate frequency range (50 to 200 kHz) and the
Compressional and Global Alfven Eigenmodes (CAE and GAE, respectively) from approximately equal to 300 kHz up to the
ion cyclotron frequency. Each of these categories of modes exhibits a wide range of behavior, including quasi-continuous
213

oscillation, bursting, chirping and, except for the lower frequency range, turbulence.
NTIS
Ions; Kinetics; Tokamak Devices; Toruses
20060002434 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration into a Warm Plasma
Kaganovich, I. D.; Polomarov, O. V.; Theodosiou, C. E.; Jun. 2005; 52 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841198; PPPL-4085; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Radio-frequency (rf) waves do not penetrate into a plasma and are damped within it. The electric field of the wave and
plasma current are concentrated near the plasma boundary in a skin layer. Electrons can transport the plasma current away
from the skin layer due to their thermal motion. As a result, the width of the skin layer increases when electron temperature
effects are taken into account. This phenomenon is called anomalous skin effect. The anomalous penetration of the rf electric
field occurs not only for transversely propagating to the plasma boundary wave (inductively coupled plasmas) but also for the
wave propagating along the plasma boundary (capacitively coupled plasmas). Such anomalous penetration of the rf field
modifies the structure of the capacitive sheath. Recent advances in the nonlinear, non-local theory of the capacitive sheath are
reported. It is shown that separating the electric field profile into exponential and non-exponential parts yields an efficient
qualitative and quantitative description of the anomalous skin effect in both inductively and capacitively coupled plasma.
NTIS
Electromagnetic Fields; Penetration; Plasma Waves; Plasmas (Physics); Radio Frequencies
20060002435 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
Annotated Bibliogrphry of EDGE2D Use
Strachan, J. D.; Corrigan, G.; Jun. 2005; 36 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841199; PPPL-4086; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
This annotated bibliography is intended to help EDGE2D users, and particularly new users, find existing published
literature that has used EDGE2D. Our idea is that a person can find existing studies which may relate to his intended use, as
well as gain ideas about other possible applications by scanning the attached tables.
NTIS
Annotations; Bibliographies; Diverters
20060002436 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design, Construction, Calibration and Testing
Hosea, J.; Beals, D.; Beck, W.; Bernabei, S.; Burke, W.; Jul. 2005; 22 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841200; PPPL-4087; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
MIT and PPPL have joined together to fabricate a high-power lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system for supporting
steady-state AT regime research on Alcator C-Mod. The goal of the first step of this project is to provide 1.5 MW of 4.6 GHz
rf (radio frequency) power to the plasma with a compact launcher which has excellent spectral selectivity and fits into a single
C-Mod port. Some of the important design, construction, calibration and testing considerations for the launcher leading up to
its installation on C-Mod are presented here.
NTIS
Calibrating; Construction; Launchers; Tokamak Devices
20060002438 Princeton Univ., NJ USA
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
Budny, R. V.; Waltz, R. E.; Jun. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-841241; PPPL-4088; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Momentum, energy, and particle transport in DIII-D and JET ELMy H-mode plasmas is simulated with GYRO and
compared with measurements analyzed using TRANSP. The simulated transport depends sensitively on the nabla(T(sub)i)
turbulence drive and the nabla(E(sub)r) turbulence suppression inputs. With their nominal values indicated by measurements,
the simulations over-predict the momentum and energy transport in the DIII-D plasmas, and under-predict in the JET plasmas.
Reducing (nabla(T(sub)i)) and increasing (nabla(E(sub)r)) by up to 15% leads to approximate agreement (within a factor of
two) for the DIII-D cases. For the JET cases, increasing (nabla(T(sub)i)) or reducing (nabla(E(sub)r)) results in approximate
214

agreement for the energy flow, but the ratio of the simulated energy and momentum flows remains higher than measurements
by a factor of 2-4.
NTIS
Gyroscopes; Momentum Transfer; Plasma Control; Plasmas (Physics); Simulation
20060002489 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Status of Optical Coatings for the National Ignition Facility
Stolz, C. J.; Weinzapfel, C.; Rogowski, G. T.; Smith, D.; Mar. 05, 2001; 10 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15013156; UCRL-JC-142950; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
Optical coatings are a crucial part of the pulse trapping and extraction in the NIF multipass amplifiers. Coatings also steer
the 192 beams from four linear arrays to four converging cones entering the target chamber. There are a total of 1600 physical
vapor deposited coatings on NIF consisting of 576 mirrors within the multipass cavity, 192 polarizers that work in tandem with
a Pockels cell to create an optical switch, and 832 transport mirrors. These optics are of sufficient size so that they are not
aperture-limiting for the 40-cm x 40 cm beams over an incident range of 0 to 56.4 degrees. These coatings must withstand
laser fluences up to 25 J/cm2 at 1053 nm (la) and 3-ns pulse length and are the lomega fluence-limiting component on NIF.
The coatings must have a minimal impact the beam wavefront and phase to maintain beam focusability, minimize scattered
loss, and minimize nonlinear damage mechanisms. This is achieved by specifications ranging from less than 50 MPa coating
stress, less than 1% coating nonuniformity, \h4Angstroms RMS surface roughness, and a PSD specification to control the
amplitude of periodic spatial frequencies. Finally, the primary mission of optical coatings is efficient beam steering so
reflection and transmission losses are specified as R\g99.5% and \g99% for mirrors and polarizers, respectively, and T\g98%
for polarizers.
NTIS
Antireflection Coatings; Ignition
76
SOLID-STATE PHYSICS
Includes condensed matter physics, crystallography, and superconductivity. For related information see also 33 Electronics and
Electrical Engineering; and 36 Lasers and Masers.
20060001675 Edinburgh Univ., UK
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP Hardware
Smith, S. G.; Denyer, P. B.; Renshaw, D.; Asada, K.; Coplan, K. P.; Keightley, M.; Mhar, J. I.; IEEE International Conference
on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 13.6.1 - 13.6.4; In English; See also
20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Most current silicon compilers rely on an underlying hardware function-library, thereby restricting the user to producing
structural assemblies of library components. Although this gives the systems designer the power to implement function
directly in silicon, it precludes the use of arbitrary cell functions that might be more suited to his application than the existing
set. Moreover, should a new process become available, the cell-library must be redesigned and laid-out according to new rules,
by a circuit and layout expert. An advance in structural silicon compilation, SECOND, is reported, which promises to impart
flexibility and portability to cell-libraries. Through the automatic generation of layout from logical descriptions, cell-libraries
may be maintained in process-independent form, and incorporate not only new components, but also new processes with ease.
Implementations of user-specified chips may be in custom or semi-custom form only physical assembly procedures differ.
Author
Structural Design; Silicon Films; Compilers
20060002104 Toronto Univ., Toronto, Canada
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for Switched-Capacitor Filters
Eaton, G. V.; Nairn, D. G.; Snelgrove, W. M.; Sedra, A. S.; 1987 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
Volume 2; 1987, pp. 321-324; In English; See also 20060002103; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A prototype automatic design and layout tool for switched-capacitor filter circuits is described. This Computer Aided
Design (CAD) package is capable of producing a complete switched-capacitor (SC) filter layout from attenuation
215

specifications automatically. Some experimental results from a fabricated filter are presented.
Author
Switching; Silicon; Computer Aided Design; Capacitors
20060002351 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar Cells
Kurtz, S.; Jonston, S. W.; Geisz, J. F.; Friedman, D. J.; Ptak, A. J.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016398; NREL/CP-520-37361; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
A study of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y solar cells shows that nitrogen degrades the solar cells even for very small nitrogen
concentrations. By comparing the properties of p-on-n and n-on-p Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y cells as a function of y, we find that the
n-on-p cells show a more abrupt decrease in the open-circuit voltage and greater decrease of the photocurrent. The asymmetry
in the performance of the cells reflects the differences observed for electrons and holes in Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y. The electron
mobility is degraded much more than the hole mobility when nitrogen is added to GaAs, implying that the electron diffusion
length should be degraded more than the hole diffusion length. An electron trap (observed by deep-level transient
spectroscopy) affects p-type GaNyAs1-y more than n-type GaNyAs1-y, consistent with the observation that the open-circuit
voltage of n-on-p cells decreases more than that of p-on-n cells. The effect of nitrogen on GaNAs cells is shown to be much
greater than expected for an isoelectronic impurity.
NTIS
Nitrogen; Solar Cells
20060002367 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term Market-Competitive PV Modules
von Roedern, B.; Zweibel, K.; Ullal, H. S.; Feb. 2005; 14 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016403; NREL/CP-520-37353; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
This paper reviews the current commercial status of CuInSe2 alloys (collectively, CIS) and CdTe-based photovoltaic (PV)
modules, comparing the performance of commercial products with the results achieved for solar cell and prototype module
champions. We provide an update for these PV cell and module technologies, and also compare CIS and CdTe performance
levels to the results achieved by the crystalline Si PV industry. This comparison shows that CIS and CdTe module technology
presently offers the best (and perhaps only) approach for significantly exceeding the cost/performance levels established by
crystalline Si PV technologies. A semi-empirical methodology is used for comparing ‘champion’ solar cell and prototype
module data with performance achieved on manufacturing lines. Using a conservative assumption that thin-film technologies
will eliminate the 40% of PV module costs arising from the Si wafer or ribbon, we estimate the future performance of all
established PV module candidates, and conclude that, based on 2004 knowledge about each PV technology, CIS and CdTe
should provide cost-competitive advantages over crystalline Si.
NTIS
Modules; Photovoltaic Conversion; Polycrystals; Thin Films
20060002368 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Trust But Verity: Procedures to Achieve Accurate Efficiency Measurements for All Photovoltaic Technologies
Emergy, K.; Anderberg, A.; Kiehl, J.; Mack, C.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016392; NREL/CP-520-36527; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The measurement of the photovoltaic (PV) performance with respect to reference conditions requires measuring the
performance with respect to a given tabular reference spectrum, junction temperature, and total irradiance. This paper
discusses the procedures implemented by NREL’s PV Cell and Module Performance Characterization Group to achieve the
lowest practical uncertainty. This paper describes the process of trusting and verifying software, hardware, calibrations,
procedures, and results. As an ISO 17025 accredited calibration facility, the quality system that is in place is designed to assure
customers that the results are valid within specified uncertainty limits and are traceable. The process of trusting claims but
desiring an independent verification permeates the PV business and society.
NTIS
Photovoltaic Conversion; Technologies
20060002398 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon Tandem Solar Cells
Geisz, J. F.; Olson, J. M.; Friedman, D. J.; Jones, K. M.; Feb. 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016402; NREL/CP-520-37349; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
216

A two-junction device consisting of a 1.7-eV GaNPAs junction on a 1.1-eV silicon junction has the theoretical potential
to achieve nearly optimal efficiency for a two-junction tandem cell. We have demonstrated a monolithic III-V-on-silicon
tandem solar cell in which most of the III-V layers are nearly lattice-matched to the silicon substrate. The cell includes a 1.8
eV GaNPAs top cell, a GaP-based tunnel junction (TJ), and a diffused silicon junction formed during the epitaxial growth of
GaNP on the silicon substrate. This tandem on silicon has a Voc of 1.53 V and an AM1.5G efficiency of 5.2% without any
antireflection coating. Low currents in the top cell are the primary limitation to higher efficiency at this point.
NTIS
Photovoltaic Conversion; Solar Cells; Gallium Nitrides; Gallium Phosphides
77
PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
Includes quantum mechanics; theoretical physics; and statistical mechanics. For related information see also 72 Atomic and Molecular
Physics, 73 Nuclear Physics, and 25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry.
20060002406 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA
Chromaticity and Impedance Effect on the Transverse Motion of Longitudinal Bunch Slices in the Tevatron
Ranjbar, V. H.; January 2005; 8 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15017086; FERMILAB-CONF-05-133-AD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
The Transverse turn-by-turn evolution of a bunch slice is examined considering chromatic and impedance effects. A
quasi-analytical approximation is developed using perturbative expansion of Hill’s equation with a wake field. This
approximation is compared to turn-by-turn measurements taken in the Tevatron and from this linear and second order
chromaticity, and impedance are calculated as well as beam stability thresholds.
NTIS
Impedance; Accelerators; Nuclear Particles
80
SOCIAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES (GENERAL)
Includes general research topics related to sociology; educational programs and curricula. For specific topics in these areas see
categories 81 through 85.
20060001584 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for Digital Speech Processing
Bistritz,Y.; Lev-Ari, H.; Kailath, T.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 1.7.1 - 1.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AF-83-0228; N00014-85-K-0612; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Several lattice forms and algorithms which constitute the immittance domain alternatives to the PARCOR lattice
algorithm are presented. The immittance variables were shown to offer more efficient Levinson algorithms than the
conventional sceptering algorithms for both symmetric and Hermitian Toeplitz matrices. This paper presents the lattices
associated with the new recursions and provides algorithms to determine their coefficients directly from the signal segments.
The new lattices are of interest for speech processing as they offer a different parametrization and process real signal segments
with only one multiplier and two adders per section. Complex signal segments require two multipliers and adders per section.
Stability conditions for the new parametrizations are also presented.
Author
Matrices (Mathematics); Hermitian Polynomial; Algorithms; Coeffıcients; Speech; Electrical Impedance
20060001602 Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA
A Minimum Discrimination Information Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
Ephraim, Yariv; Dembo, Amir; Rabiner, Lawrence R.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal
Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 1.8.1 - 1.8.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other
Sources
A new iterative approach for hidden Markov modeling of information sources which aims at minimizing the
217

discrimination information (or the cross-entropy) between the source and the model is proposed. This approach does not
require the commonly used assumption that the source to be modeled is a hidden Markov process. The algorithm is started
from the model estimated by the traditional maximum likelihood (ML) approach and alternatively decreases the discrimination
information over all probability distributions of the source which agree with the given measurements and all hidden Markov
models. The proposed procedure generalizes the Baum algorithm for ML hidden Markov modeling. The procedure is shown
to be a descent algorithm for the discrimination information measure and its local convergence is proved.
Author
Markov Processes; Information Theory; Information Systems; Probability Distribution Functions; Maximum Likelihood
Estimates
20060001627 International Business Machines Corp., Paris, France
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov Models for Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition
Derouault, Anne-Marie; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume
1; 1987, pp. 10.1.1 - 10.1.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
One approach to large vocabulary speech recognition, is to build phonetic Markov models, and to concatenate them to
obtain word models. In previous work, we already designed a recognizer based on 40 phonetic Markov machines, which
accepts a 10,000 words vocabulary ([3]), and recently 200,000 words vocabulary ([5]). Since there is one machine per
phoneme, these models obviously do not account for coarticulatory effects, which may lead to recognition errors. In this paper,
we improve the phonetic models by using general principles about coarticulation effects on automatic phoneme recognition.
We show that both the analysis of the errors made by the recognizer, and linguistic facts about phonetic context influence,
suggest a method for choosing context dependent models. This method allows to limit the growing of the number of phonems,
and still account for the most important coarticulation effects. We present our experiments with a system applying these
principles to a set of models for French. With this new system including context-dependent machines, the phoneme recognition
rate goes from 82.2% to 85.3%, and the error rate on words with a 10,000 word dictionary, is decreased from 11.2 to 9.8%.
Author
Context; Phonemes; Error Analysis; Phonetics; Words (Language); Speech Recognition; Linguistics
20060001657 Mitre Corp., McLean, VA, USA
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of Speech Data
Ramsey, L. Thomas; Gribble, David; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP
‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 1.6.1 - 1.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Two standard reversible coding algorithms, Ziv-Lempel and a dynamic Huffman algorithm, are applied to various types
of speech data. The data tested were PCM, DPCM, and prediction residuals from LPC. Neither algorithm shows much promise
on small amounts of data, but both performed well on large amounts. Typically the Ziv-Lempel required about 12 seconds of
data (with 8000 samples per second) to reach a stable compression rate. The dynamic Huffman coding took much less time
to warm up’, often needing something like 64 milliseconds. Approximately 66 seconds of PCM with 12 bits per samples was
compressed 6.4% by the Ziv-Lempel coding and 20.7% by the dynamic Huffman coding. The same numbers for DPCM with
13 bits per sample are 17.7% and 35.6% respectively. The prediction residuals had compression rates very close to those of
DPCM, regardless of whether 1, 2, 5, or 10 prediction coefficients were used.
Author
Information Theory; Compressibility; Predictions; Speech; Coeffıcients; Differential Pulse Code Modulation
20060001668 American Telephone and Telegraph Co., NJ, USA
A Connected Speech Recognition System Based on Spotting Diphone-Like Segments - Preliminary Results
Rosenberg, A. E.; Colla, A. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87);
Volume 1; 1987, pp. 3.6.1-3.6.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
A template-based connected speech recognition system, which represents words as sequences of diphone-like segments,
has been implemented and evaluated. The inventory of segments is divided into two principal classes: ‘steady-state’ speech
sounds such as vowels, fricatives, and nasals, and ‘composite’ speech sounds consisting of sequences of two or more speech
sounds in which the transitions from one sound to another are intrinsic to the representation of the composite sound. Templates
representing these segments are extracted from labelled training utterances. Words are represented by network models whose
branches are diphone segments. Word juncture phenomena are accommodated by including segment branches that characterize
transition pronunciations between specified classes of words. The recognition of a word in a specified utterance takes place
218

y ‘spotting’ all the segments contained in the model of the word. Putative words and word combinations are found by
searching for best scoring sequences of segments specified by the models subject to segment separation constraints. A pruning
procedure finds the best scoring string of words subject to constraints on word lengths. separations, and overlaps. An
evaluation of the recognizer has been carried out on a database of connected digit utterances spoken by a single male talker.
Templates are extracted from half the database consisting of 2100 digit utterances and system performance tested on the
remaining 2100 utterances. The performance obtained to date is approximately 2% digit error rate and 7 to 8% digit string error
rate.
Author
Speech Recognition; Words (Language); Vowels; Speech; Sequencing
20060001670 BBN Systems and Technologies Corp., Cambridge, MA, USA
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech Recognition System
Chow, Y.L.; Dunham, M.O.; Kimball, O. A.; Krasner, M. A.; Kubala, G. F.; Makhoul, J.; Price, P. J.; Roucos, S.; Schwartz,
R. M.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987,
pp. 3.7.1-3.7.4; In English; See also 20060001583
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00039-85-C-0423; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper, we describe BYBLOS, the BBN continuous speech recognition system. The system, designed for large
vocabulary applications, integrates acoustic, phonetic, lexical, and linguistic knowledge sources to achieve high recognition
performance. The basic approach, as described in previous papers, makes extensive use of robust context-dependent models
of phonetic coarticulation using Hidden Markov Models (HMM). We describe the components of the BYBLOS system,
including: signal processing frontend, dictionary, phonetic model training system, word model generator, grammar and
decoder. In recognition experiments, we demonstrate consistently high word recognition performance on continuous speech
across: speakers, task domains, and grammars of varying complexity. In speaker-dependent mode, where 15 minutes of speech
is required for training to a speaker, 98.5% word accuracy has been achieved in continuous speech for a 350-word task, using
grammars with perplexity ranging from 30 to 60. With only 15 seconds of training speech we demonstrate performance of 97%
using a grammar.
Author
Signal Processing; Speech Recognition; Phonetics; Linguistics; Grammars; Decoders
20060001673 American Telephone and Telegraph Co., USA
Performance Evaluation of a Connected Digit Recognizer
Rabiner, L. R.; Wilpon, J. G.; Juang, B. H.; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
(ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 3.10.1-3.10.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In this paper we discuss a system for automatically recognizing fluently spoken digit strings based on whole word
reference units. The system that we will describe can use either hidden Markov model (HMM) technology or template-based
technology. The training procedure derives the digit reference patterns (either templates or statistical models) from connected
digit strings. To evaluate the performance of the overall connected digit recognizer, a set of 50 people (25 men, 25 women),
from the non-technical local population, was each asked to record 1200 random connected digit strings over local dialed-up
telephone lines. Both a speaker trained and a multispeaker training set was created, and a full performance evaluation was
made. Results show that the average string accuracy for unknown and known length strings, in the speaker trained mode, was
98% and 99% respectively; in the multi-speaker mode the average string accuracies were 94% and 96.6% respectively.
Author
Performance Tests; Templates; Evaluation; Mathematical Models; Speech
20060001738 International Business Machines Corp., Paris, France
Speech Recognition with Very Large Size Dictionary
Merialdo, Bernard; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1;
1987, pp. 10.2.1 - 10.2.4; In English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper proposes a new strategy, the Multi-Level Decoding (MLD), that allows to use a Very Large Size Dictionary
(VLSD, size more than 100,000 words) in speech recognition. MLD proceeds in three steps: 1) a Syllable Match procedure
uses an acoustic model to build a list of the most probable syllables that match the acoustic signal from a given time frame.
2) from this list, a Word Match procedure uses the dictionary to build partial word hypothesis. 3) then a Sentence Match
procedure uses a probabilistic language model to build partial sentence hypothesis until total sentences are found. An original
219

matching algorithm is proposed for the Syllable Match procedure. This strategy is experimented on a dictation task of French
texts. Two different dictionaries are tested, a) one composed of the 10,000 most frequent words, b) the other composed of
200,000 words. The recognition results are given and compared. The error rate on words with 10,000 words is 17.3%. If the
errors due to the lack of coverage are not counted, the error rate with 10,000 words is reduced to 10.6%. The error rate with
200,000 words is 12.7%.
Author
Decoding; Dictionaries; Words (Language); Speech Recognition; Errors; Acoustics; Signal Transmission
20060002499 Oslo Univ., Norway
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible and Exploratory Learning
Karabeg, D; Guescini, R.; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues in
Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 13-18; In English; See also 20060002498;
Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Abstract- Demands to make education flexible and active call for a comprehensive restructuring of the traditional
university course format. We show how such restructuring can be done in a natural and coherent way by combining e-learning
with Polyscopic Topic Maps, an information structuring method which is being developed by the authors. We describe a
university course model called Flexplearn which is based on this approach, and a prototype Flexplearn course where our model
is currently being implemented, used and tested.
Author
Education; Internet Resources; Information Systems; Specifications; Maps
20060002504 Intercultural Communications Coll., Honolulu, HI, USA
Neurobiological and Transformational Learning
Janik, Daniel; Bills, Margaret; Saito, Hisako; Widjaja, Christina; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-,
Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005; 4 pp.; In English;
See also 20060002498; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy
Departing radically from 2000 years of Platonic teaching tradition, the authors argue for the existence of a single,
neurobiologically-based theory of learning (NL) underlying the more than forty contemporary teaching and learning theories.
This new, brain-based learning theory is derived from clinical experience with psychological recovery from trauma coupled
with contemporary medical imaging information on how the brain learns effectively. The role of trauma in teaching is
examined. When applied in the subsequent language acquisition classroom, the authors observed the emergence of a
non-traumatic, curiosity-based, discovery-driven, mentor-assisted, transformational form of neurobiological learning (TL) and
provide select observations of interest. The authors conclude that NL and its derivitive, TL, may be the foundations of the
long-sought unified educational theory, the next logical step in humanity s slow but steady movement beyond traumatic,
institutional, national and ultimately planetary boundaries of education.
Author
Imaging Techniques; Education; Learning Theory; Brain
20060002509 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD, USA
An Analysis of Student Satisfaction in Higher Education Courses Delivered Online and in the Live Classroom
Abdul-Hamid, Husein; Howard, James; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and Transdisciplinary
Issues in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005, pp. 1-5; In English; See also
20060002498; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy
Regression compare degrees of learning as affected content. interaction, analysis was used to student satisfaction with by
class size, technical feedback, and course duration. In online classes, having more students in a class enhances student
satisfaction with the level of student interaction. In live classes, we find the opposite: larger class sizes have a negative effect
on satisfaction with student-to-student interaction. Student satisfaction with instructor feedback in online classes declines with
class size. Average levels of student satisfaction with technical courses taken over the Internet are significantly lower than with
non-technical online courses. These findings are providing helpful insights to best practices research, especially in targeting
the course activities, functions and format to achieve the best learning outcomes.
Author
Education; On-Line Systems
220

81
ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
Includes management planning and research.
20060000075 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Why the Aspen Program Now?
Simons, Doug; Jensen, Joe; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 7-15; In English; See
also 20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This article states that we live in a ‘golden age’ of astronomical discovery and discusses Gemini’s role in it. The article
includes a decision flow diagram for the Aspen Program, summarizing key milestones in the program through mid-2005 The
flow diagram points to design and feasibility studies to help come to terms with a new and deeper understanding of the bulk
of the matter and energy in the universe.. Thanks to the efforts of more than one hundred astronomers,engineers, project
managers, and others around the world, a tremendous amount of progress has occurred since the last report about the Aspen
Program. The primary outcome of this critical meeting was the definition of the overall Aspen Program budget, which was
defined by planning purposes to be U.S. $75 million, with a nominal cash-flow over the 2006 to 2010 time frame. Though
this was not a firm commitment by the funding agencies at the time, it sent a clear message of confidence in Gemini’s
development program, the methods used to define costs, schedules, and risks by the various study teams, and excitement about
the science potential of Gemini’s future program.
Author
Budgets; Programs; Costs
20060002501 IPSI BgD Internet Research Society, New York, NY, USA
The Management of Personnel Collaboration for the Improvement of Multidisciplinary Projects
Lepage, A.; The IPSI BgD Transactions on Advanced Research. Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues in Computer
Science and Engineering, Volume 1, Number 2; July 2005; 8 pp.; In English; See also 20060002498; Copyright; Avail.:
CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Which perception keys of multidisciplinary team members collaboration would assist engineering project leaders in
decreasing it s performance variability? The study of leadership and psycho-sociological tools in the labour-knowledge field
makes it possible to produce a synthetic typology of team members profiles, adapted to the team s design aim depending on
the stake, the role and the crisis condition in the organisation. In order to model the effectiveness of the team, the methods
of team member reliability measurement are linked to the profiles of the team members in relation to the crisis context of the
project. The research analyses the performance of the model applied to real projects in companies, with a particular emphasis
on innovation.
Author
Resources Management; Human Resources; Project Management; Leadership; Personnel
82
DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
Includes information management; information storage and retrieval technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography. For
computer program documentation see 61 Computer Programming and Software.
20060001617 Tsukuba Univ., Japan
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for Relaxation Matching
Sekita, Iwao; Toraichi, Kazuo; Kamada, Masaru; Mori, Ryoichi; Yamamoto, Kazuhiko; Yamada, Hiromitsu; IEEE
International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ‘87); Volume 1; 1987, pp. 7.2.1-7.2.4; In
English; See also 20060001583; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This paper proposes a method of extracting features of handwritten Japanese characters by using spline approximation.
This method represents a character by contours expressed by well-approximating functions and steady breakpoints which
characterize the connection of the strokes so that it provides proper features for handwritten Japanese character recognition
with relaxation matching. Its effectiveness tested on a Japanese character data base is also shown.
Author
Pattern Recognition; Character Recognition; Spline Functions; Approximation; Extraction
221

20060001768 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
State and Local Intelligence Fusion Centers: An Evaluative Approach in Modeling a State Fusion Center
Forsyth, William A.; Sep. 1, 2005; 110 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A439535; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy
In the final report on the attacks of September 11, 2001, the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the USA
(9/11 Commission) found that the attacks were successful in part because information was not shared and analysis not pooled
among the different agencies across all levels of government. Since that time, there have been significant strides to improve
cooperation and close the intelligence gaps among the different intelligence and law enforcement services. Effective terrorism
prevention, however, requires information and intelligence fusion as a cooperative process at all levels of government so that
the flow of intelligence can be managed to support the identification of emerging threats to the homeland. This thesis explains
the value of a state/regional fusion center by examining three successful fusion centers in Arizona, Georgia, and Los Angeles.
Recommendations from each agency on lessons learned, as well as independent research, have been provided to help state and
local agencies develop their own fusion centers.
DTIC
Intelligence; Law (Jurisprudence); Multisensor Fusion
20060001779 Auburn Univ., AL USA
A Model of Managerial Effectiveness in Information Security: From Grounded Theory to Empirical Test
Knapp, Kenneth J.; Sep. 13, 2005; 225 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440189; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Information security is a critical issue facing organizations worldwide. in order to mitigate risk and protect valuable
information, organizations need to operate and manage effective information security programs. Using a research methodology
that combines qualitative and quantitative techniques, this study proposes and tests a theoretical model of managerial
effectiveness in information security. Specifically, the model demonstrates the influence of top management support on
perceived security effectiveness mediated by four constructs critical to successful information security programs: user training,
security culture, policy relevance, and policy enforcement. Prior research has not yet examined the mediation factors between
management support and information security effectiveness. During the qualitative phase of the study, and open-ended
question was given to a sample of 220 certified information system security professionals (CISSPs). Responses were analyzed
using a grounded theory strategy to develop a theoretical model as well as a survey instrument to test the model. Because of
the potential sensitive nature of information security research, a special effort removed items appearing overly intrusive to the
respondents. In this endeavor, an expert panel of security practitioners evaluated all proposed items on a willingness-to-answer
scale. The instrument underwent further refinements through multiple pre-tests and a pilot test.
DTIC
Information Theory; Security
20060001792 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval Research at the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval
Manmatha, R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 16 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-95-C-0235; EEC-9209623
Report No.(s): AD-A440234; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The digital libraries of the future will include not only (ASCII) text information but scanned paper documents as well as
still photograph and videos. There is, therefore, a need to index and retrieve information from such multi-media collections.
The Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) has a number of projects to index and retrieve multi-media
information. These include: 1. The extraction of text from images which may be used both for finding text zones against
general backgrounds as well as for indexing and retrieving image information. 2. Indexing hand-written and poorly printed
documents using image matching techniques (word spotting). 3. Indexing images using their content.
DTIC
Digital Systems; Information Retrieval; Libraries; Multimedia
20060001804 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Learning Hierarchical Models of Activity
Osentoski, Sarah; Manfred, Victoria; Mahadevan, Sridhar; Jan. 1, 2005; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DABT63-99-1-0014
Report No.(s): AD-A440281; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
222

This paper investigates learning hierarchical statistical activity models in indoor environments. The Abstract Hidden
Markov Model (AHMM) is used to represent behaviors in stochastic environments. We train the model using both labeled and
unlabeled data and estimate the parameters using Expectation Maximization (EM). Results are shown on three datasets: data
collected in lab, entryway, and home environments. The results show that hierarchical models outperform flat models.
DTIC
Hierarchies; Learning; Markov Processes
20060001805 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale Images Using Global Similarity
Ravela, S.; Manmatha, R.; Croft, W. B.; Jan. 1, 2005; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-95-C-0235
Report No.(s): AD-A440282; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Content-based image retrieval is an important area of research. Here, a method to characterize visual appearance for
determining global similarity in images is described. Images are filtered with Gaussian derivatives and geometric features are
computed from the filtered images. The geometric features used here are curvature and phase. Two images may be said to be
similar if they have similar distributions of such features. Global similarity may, therefore, be deduced by comparing
histograms of these features. This allows for rapid retrieval. The system’s performance on a database of about 1500 grey-level
images and another database of 2000 trademark images is shown. It is also shown that the approach is scalable and examples
of query results on a database of more than 63000 trademark images are provided.
DTIC
Analogies; Gray Scale; Information Retrieval
20060001816 Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, UK
Silicon Quantum Information Processing
Paul, D. J.; Nov. 7, 2005; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0552
Report No.(s): AD-A440299; ARO-42381.1-PH-QC; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The initial aim of the programme was to demonstrate three qubits using Na donors in Si MOSFETs by the end of the
programme. The initial objectives can be summarised as follows:- 2.1 Fabricate a single electron transistor using AFM
lithography on the gate of a MOSFET. This is the 2.2 Fabricate a MOSFET with a determined number 2.3 Fabricate and detect
the positioning of a single Na+ ion in a predetermined position to allow 2.4 Measure the T2 decoherence time for Na in Si
using the temperature dependence of the impurity 2.5 Provide a model for the Na donor fabrication.
DTIC
Data Processing; Quantum Theory; Silicon
20060001817 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Multi-Modal Retrieval of Trademark Images Using Global Similarity
Ravela, S.; Manmatha, R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 18 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-95-C-0235; CDA-9502639
Report No.(s): AD-A440302; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper a system for multi-modal retrieval of trademark images is presented. Images are characterized and retrieved
using associated text and visual appearance. A user initiates retrieval for similar trademarks by typing a text query. Subsequent
searches can be performed by visual appearance or using both appearance and text information. Textual information associated
with trademarks is searched using the INQUERY search engine. Images are searched visually using a method for global image
similarity by appearance developed in this paper. Images are filtered with Gaussian derivatives and geometric features are
computed from the filtered images. The geometric features used here are curvature and phase. Two images may be said to be
similar if they have similar distributions of such features. Global similarity may, therefore, be deduced by comparing
histograms of these features. This allows for rapid retrieval. The system’s performance on a database of 2000 trademark
images is shown. A trademark database obtained from the US Patent and Trademark Office containing 63000 design only
trademark images and text is used to demonstrate scalability of the image search method and multi-modal retrieval.
DTIC
Analogies; Information Retrieval
223

20060001826 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Statistical Language Modeling for Information Retrieval
Liu, Xiaoyong; Croft, W. B.; Jan. 1, 2005; 42 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-02-1-8903; MDA904-01-C-0984
Report No.(s): AD-A440321; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
This chapter reviews research and applications in statistical language modeling for information retrieval (IR) that has
emerged within the past several years as a new probabilistic framework for describing information retrieval processes.
Generally speaking, statistical language modeling, or more simply, language modeling (LM), refers to the task of estimating
a probability distribution that captures statistical regularities of natural language use. Applied to information retrieval,
language modeling refers to the problem of estimating the likelihood that a query and a document could have been generated
by the same language model, given the language model of the document and with or without a language model of the query.
DTIC
Information Retrieval; Mathematical Models; Probability Theory; Statistical Analysis
20060001833 Aptima, Inc., Woburn, MA USA
Mixed-Initiative Control of Robotic Systems
Freeman, Jared T.; MacMillan, Jean; Jan. 1, 2005; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440341; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
A critical topic of research concerning human interaction with robotic warriors concerns the functionality of intelligent
systems to advise human operators and share control of robots with those operators. This functionality will engage human and
software systems in a complex, highly interdependent exchange of information and control as humans initialize systems that
advise them, refine system recommendations, and trade off control of robotic forces with the system during mission execution.
In research for DARPA and the U.S. Army, the authors have defined the Relational Knowledge Framework (RKF) that defines
fundamental classes of human interactions with intelligent robotics systems planning and control systems. Several cognitive
issues are prominent in these interactions. They suggest that system design and training should support specific types of
knowledge by operators. These concern the relations (thus, the relational knowledge framework) between the following: (1)
the current state of the battle or the system and norms, (2) system parameters and system operations, (3) system inputs and
real-world events, and (4) control decisions and the control interface. The framework, cognitive issues, and training and design
requirements are defined.
DTIC
Control; Information Management; Man Machine Systems; Robotics
20060001839 Aptima, Inc., Woburn, MA USA
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating Agents: A New Methodology for Design and Evaluation of
Organizational Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
Levchuk, Georgiy M.; Yu, Feili; Levchuk, Yuri; Pattipati, Krishna R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-02-C-0233; N00014-00-1-0101
Report No.(s): AD-A440348; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper, the authors explore the decomposition of organizational processes and decision-making, the coexistence of
an organization’s command and communication networks, and their effects on team performance. They present a methodology
to design mission-based strategies and novel heterarchical organizational structures based on exploring information/command
transfer and processing in the organizations. This methodology allows the synthesis of alternative C3I organizational structures
that outperform traditional hierarchies in environments with heavy information volume, scarce resources, and strict knowledge
and communication constraints.
DTIC
Command and Control; Communicating; Data Processing; Decision Making; Mathematical Models; Networks
20060001845 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Optimal Mixture Models in IR
Lavrenko, Victor; Jan. 1, 2005; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-99-1-8912
Report No.(s): AD-A440363; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
224

We explore the use of Optimal Mixture Models to represent topics. We analyze two broad classes of mixture models:
set-based and weighted. We provide an original proof that estimation of set-based models is NP-hard, and therefore not
feasible. We argue that weighted models are superior to set-based models, and the solution can be estimated by a simple
gradient descent technique. We demonstrate that Optimal Mixture Models can be successfully applied to the task of document
retrieval. Our experiments show that weighted mixtures outperform a simple language modeling baseline. We also observe that
weighted mixtures are more robust than other approaches of estimating topical models.
DTIC
Information Retrieval; Mathematical Models; Optimization
20060001853 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
A Conditional Random Field for Discriminatively-Trained Finite-State String Edit Distance
McCallum, Andrew; Bellare, Kedar; Pereira, Fernando; Jan. 1, 2005; 9 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440386; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The need to measure sequence similarity arises in information extraction, object identity, data mining, biological sequence
analysis, and other domains. This paper presents discriminative string-edit CRF’s a finite-state conditional random field model
for edit sequences between strings. Conditional random fields have advantages over generative approaches to this problem,
such as pair HMMs or the work of Ristad and Yianilos, because as conditionally-trained methods, they enable the use of
complex, arbitrary actions and features of the input strings. As in generative models, the training data does not have to specify
the edit sequences between the given string pairs. Unlike generative models, however, our model is trained on both positive
and negative instances of string pairs. We present positive experimental results on several data sets.
DTIC
Random Variables; Strings
20060001854 Connecticut Univ., Storrs, CT USA
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize Organizational Processes
Levchuk, Georgiy M.; Levchuk, Yuri N.; Pattipati, Krishna R.; Kleinman, David L.; Jan. 1, 2005; 25 pp.; In English; Original
contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-00-1-0101
Report No.(s): AD-A440387; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Interdependence of tasks in a mission necessitates information flow among the organizational elements (agents) assigned
to these tasks. This information flow introduces communication delays. An effective task schedule that minimizes the total
execution time, including task processing and coordination delays, is an important issue in designing an organization and its
task processing strategy. This paper defines the structure of information-dependent tasks, and describes an approach to map
this structure to a network of organizational elements (agents). Since the general problem of scheduling tasks with
communication is NP-hard, only fast heuristic (e.g., list scheduling and linear clustering) algorithms are discussed. The authors
modify the priority calculation for list scheduling methods, matching the critical path with a network of heterogeneous agents.
They then present their algorithm, termed Heterogeneous Dynamic Bottom Level (HDBL), and compare it with various
list-scheduling heuristics. The results show that HDBL exhibits superior performance to all list scheduling algorithms,
providing an improvement of over 25% in schedule length for communication-intensive task graphs.
DTIC
Command and Control; Information Transfer; Mapping; Networks; Optimization; Organizations; Scheduling
20060001863 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Searching the Web with SHOE
Heflin, Jeff; Hendler, James; Jan. 1, 2000; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAL01-97-K-0135
Report No.(s): AD-A440405; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Although search engine technology has improved in recent years, there are still many types of searches that return
unsatisfactory results. This situation can be greatly improved if web pages use a semantic markup language to describe their
content. We have developed SHOE, a language for this purpose, and in this paper describe a scenario for how the language
could be used by search engines of the future. A major challenge to this system is designing a query tool that can exploit the
power of a knowledge base while still being simple enough for the casual user. We present the SHOE Search tool, which
225

allows the user to specify a context for his or her query, and then uses the context to help the user build a query by example.
DTIC
Information Retrieval; Internets; Shoes
20060001885 Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN USA
CUPIDS: Increasing Information System Security Through the Use of Dedicated Co-Processing
Williams, Paul D.; Aug. 1, 2005; 126 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440440; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Most past and present intrusion detection systems architectures assume a uniprocessor environment or do not explicitly
make use of multiple processors when they exist. Yet, especially in the server world, multiple processor machines are
commonplace; and with the advent of technologies such as Intel and AMD’s multi-core or Hyperthreading technologies,
commodity computers are likely to have multiple processors. This research explores how explicitly dividing the system into
production and security components and running the components in parallel on different processors can improve the
effectiveness of the security system. The production component contains all user tasks and most of the operating system while
the security component contains security monitoring and validating tasks and the parts of the O/S that pertain to security. We
demonstrate that under some circumstances this architecture allows intrusion detection systems to use monitoring models with
higher fidelity, particularly with regard to the timeliness of detection, and will also increase system robustness in the face of
some types of attacks. Empirical results with a prototype co-processing intrusion detection system (CuPIDS) architecture
support the feasibility of this approach. The construction of the prototype allowed us to demonstrate the implementation costs
of the architecture are reasonable. Experimentation using fine-grained protection of real-world applications resulted in about
a fifteen percent slowdown while demonstrating CuPIDS’ ability to quickly detect and respond to illegitimate behavior.
DTIC
Information Systems; Intrusion; Security
20060001899 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction with Landscape Models
Mitas, L.; Mitasova, H.; Ratti, C.; Dec. 1, 2005; 9 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0333
Report No.(s): AD-A440492; 2005-1169-PINS-17323; ARO-48447.1-EV-II; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical
Information Center (DTIC)
New technologies that combine the flexibility of digital landscape representation with 3D physical scale models are
changing users’ interaction with geospatial data. This study investigated the coupling of open source GRASS Geographic
Information System (GIS) with the Illuminated Clay system to explore the possible development of a Tangible Geospatial
Modeling system that allows users to interact with landscape analysis and simulations using a flexible physical model. In this
system, the laser scans a model surface that can be modified by hand, and the effects of any modifications on a selected terrain
parameter (e.g., slope, slow) is then projected on the surface in near-real-time. The coupling of GIS with the Illuminated Clay
system provides the tools needed for georeferenced data management and processing, the integration of data from various
sources, and pre-processing for the tangible environment. To demonstrate the system’s functionality, it is applied to a situation
in which terrain modifications are performed to prevent local flooding in a small watershed. The coupling options investigated
allow users to build scalable systems ranging from simple, low-cost options to sophisticated geospatial modeling environments
with real-time responses to landscape modifications. Physically tangible environments have the potential to fundamentally
change users’ interactions with digital landscape models by making them more accessible and easier to understand.
DTIC
Geographic Information Systems; Human-Computer Interface; Mapping; Real Time Operation; Terrain; Topography
20060001905 Northrop Grumman Corp., McLean, VA USA
Coalition Information Assurance - Common Operating Picture (CIA-COP)
Scheiderich, Louis; Oct. 1, 2005; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-99-D-0001/0019; Proj-AIDE
Report No.(s): AD-A440510; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2005-347; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This technical report summarizes and describes an effort under the subcontract task. It describes capability enhancements
to the IPIB prototype decision support system, feasibility analyses, demonstration and technology transition efforts undertaken
as efforts under this task. Task 19 is a continuation of the Intelligence Preparation of Information Battlespace (IPIB) research
226

initially began in 1998 under the DARPA Cyber Panel Project, a part of the DARPA Information Assurance and Survivability
project. Cyber Panel sought to provide high-level capabilities to help defend mission-critical information systems by
monitoring them for signs of cyber attack and allowing operators to manage the operation of system security/survivability
technologies to avert or resist attack. This program was intended to deliver technologies that could be used to build such a
monitoring and management system. The goal was to create and validate architectures, algorithms, techniques, and automated
tools that aid identification of coordinated attacks, assessment of system health, mission impact assessment, course of action
selection, and help carry out effective security and survivability posture changes, either proactively or in response to the
appearance of attacks.
DTIC
Computer Networks; Decision Support Systems; Images
20060001906 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA USA
Scenario Customization for Information Extraction
Yangarber, Roman; Jan. 1, 2001; 148 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440512; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Information Extraction (IE) is an emerging NLP technology, whose function is to process unstructured, natural language
text, to locate specific pieces of information, or facts, in the text, and to use these facts to fill a database. IE systems today
are commonly based on pattern matching. The core IE engine uses a cascade of sets of patterns of increasing linguistic
complexity. Each pattern consists of a regular expression and an associated mapping from syntactic to logical form. The
pattern sets are customized for each new topic, as defined by the set of facts to be extracted. Construction of a pattern base
for a new topic is recognized as a time-consuming and expensive process--a principal roadblock to wider use of IE technology
in the large.
DTIC
Extraction; Information Retrieval; Natural Language (Computers)
20060001908 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-State Routing
Eom, Hyeonsang; Agrawala, Ashok K.; Noh, Sam H.; Shankar, A. U.; Nov. 1, 2001; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains
color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-2-0578
Report No.(s): AD-A440518; CS-TR-4297; UMIACS-TR-2001-75; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information
Center (DTIC)
Information Dynamics Agrawala, 2000 is an information-centric framework that provides a sufficient understanding of the
characteristics of information used in systems for better system design and implementation. In this paper, we describe how
to improve link-state routing based on this framework. Link-state routing protocols such as OSPF (Open Shortest Path
First)Moy, 1991 are currently used in many networks. In link-state routing, routes are determined based on link-delay
estimates, which are periodically flooded throughout the network. This flooding of link-delay estimates is done without
considering the relevance of these estimates to routing quality, i.e. without taking into account the usefulness of the link -delay
information. We have developed a new approach that improves link-state routing by estimating future link delays and flooding
these estimates only to the extent that they are relevant. This means that we consider the dynamics of the link-delay
information and its usefulness. Simulation studies suggest that our approach can lead to significant reductions in routing traffic
with noticeable improvements of routing quality in high-load conditions, demonstrating the effectiveness of the framework.
We plan to further investigate the conditions where our information-dynamics approach is better than the standard approach.
DTIC
Data Processing; Networks; Protocol (Computers)
20060001910 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
Parr, Cynthia S.; Lee, Bongshin; Campbell, Dana; Bederson, Benjamin B.; Jan. 1, 2003; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains
color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-03-2-0018
Report No.(s): AD-A440523; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Biodiversity databases have recently become widely available to the public and to other researchers. To retrieve
227

information from these resources, users must understand the underlying data schemas. Many other domains share this
problem. We developed an interface, TaxonTree, to visualize the taxonomic hierarchy of animal names. We applied integrated
searching and browsing so that users need not have complete knowledge either of appropriate keywords or the organization
of the data. Our qualitative user study of TaxonTree in an undergraduate course is the first to describe usage patterns and issues
in the biodiversity domain. Users indicated that the system was usable and tree visualization aided their understanding of the
data. Interestingly, users with different levels of interest in the domain had different interaction preferences. The study provides
further evidence for the value of integrated searching and browsing and interactive tree visualization for information retrieval
and understanding.
DTIC
Biological Diversity; Graphical User Interface; Information Retrieval; Taxonomy
20060001930 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’ in the Fractals Literature
Kostoff, Ronald N.; Johnson, Dustin; Del Rio, J. A.; Bloomfield, Louis A.; Shlesinger, Michael F.; Malpohl, Guido; Jan. 1,
2005; 32 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440622; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The similarity of documents in a large database of published Fractals articles was examined for redundancy. Three
different text matching techniques were used on published Abstracts to identify redundancy candidates, and predictions were
verified by reading full text versions of the redundancy candidate articles. A small fraction of the total articles in the database
was judged to be redundant. This was viewed as a lower limit, because it excluded cases where the concepts remained the
same, but the text was altered substantially. Far more pervasive than redundant publications were publications that did not
violate the letter of redundancy but rather violated the spirit of redundancy. There appeared to be widespread publication
maximization strategies. Studies that resulted in one comprehensive paper decades ago now result in multiple papers that focus
on one major problem, but are differentiated by parameter ranges, or other stratifying variables. This ‘paper inflation’ is due
in large part to the increasing use of metrics (publications, patents, citations, etc) to evaluate research performance, and the
researchers’ motivation to maximize the metrics.
DTIC
Fractals; Information Retrieval; Redundancy
20060002031 Geological Survey, Washington, DC USA
Data Model and Relational Database Design for the New Jersey Water-Transfer Data System (NJWaTr)
Tessler, Steven; Jan. 1, 2003; 203 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440235; USGS-03-197; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The New Jersey Water-Transfer Data System (NJWaTr) is a database design for the storage and retrieval of water-use data.
NJWaTr can manage data encompassing many facets of water use, including (1) the tracking of various types of water-use
activities (withdrawals, returns, transfers, distributions, consumptive-use, wastewater collection, and treatment); (2) the
storage of descriptions, classifications and locations of places and organizations involved in water-use activities; (3) the
storage of details about measured or estimated volumes of water associated with water-use activities; and (4) the storage of
information about data sources and water resources associated with water use. In NJWaTr, each water transfer occurs
unidirectionally between two site objects, and the sites and conveyances form a water network. The core entities in the
NJWaTr model are site, conveyance, transfer/volume, location, and owner. Other important entities include water resource
(used for withdrawals and returns), data source, permit, and alias. Multiple water-exchange estimates based on different
methods or data sources can be stored for individual transfers. Storage of user-defined details is accommodated for several of
the main entities. Many tables contain classification terms to facilitate the detailed description of data items and can be used
for routine or custom data summarization. NJWaTr accommodates single-user and aggregate-user water-use data, can be used
for large or small water-network projects, and is available as a stand-alone Microsoft Access database. Data stored in the
NJWaTr structure can be retrieved in user-defined combinations to serve visualization and analytical applications. Users can
customize and extend the database, link it to other databases, or implement the design in other relational database applications.
DTIC
Data Systems; Models; Relational Data Bases; Water; Water Resources
228

20060002032 Geological Survey, Washington, DC USA
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for 18 Rivers in New England
Hodgkins, Glenn A.; Caldwell, James M.; Dudley, Robert W.; Jan. 1, 2003; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color
illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440256; USGS-03-245; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Historical dates of ice-affected flows for 18 rivers in New England were compiled and are presented in this report. The
length of this record for the rivers ranges from 48 to 71 years, with an average of 62 years. The minimum number of days
of ice-affected flow in a water year (October 1 to September 30) ranged from zero on three rivers in south-coastal Maine and
coastal New Hampshire to 110 on the Allagash River in northern Maine. The maximum number of days of ice-affected flow
in a water year ranged from 106 on the Royal River in south-coastal Maine to 171 on the Allagash River in northern Maine.
Six streamflow- gaging stations in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont had their latest days of ice-affected flow in the spring
of 1939. Reports and their predecessor Water-Supply Papers, for States in New England) and files. This report, prepared as
part of the USGS Global Change Hydrology Program, makes these data easily available to researchers and other interested
parties. This report would not have been possible without the collection, compilation, and archiving of river ice and flow data
by many USGS hydrologic technicians and hydrologists over the past century, often under hazardous conditions. Glenn Smith
and other USGS employees in Maine and New Hampshire compiled most of the data used in this report.
DTIC
Histories; Ice; Ice Formation; New England (US); Rivers; Water Flow
20060002075 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Finding Solution to the Illegal Access in RFID
Ayoade, John Olurotimi; Nakao, Koji; Takizawa, Osamu; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 185-190; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In a system where many readers have access to read from and write to a tag, one can fear that ill-intentioned persons may
try to modify the information contained in the tag which could lead to the denial of service, intrusion into the personal/private
information in the tag and violation of privacy/confidential information. In this paper, we proposed a framework that will
authenticate readers before they can access the information in the tags. The proposed procedure is called Authentication
Processing Framework-APF. Readers will register with the APF and get the access control key that will allow them to have
access to read from and write to the tag. Implementing this kind of framework in the RFID system will alleviate the security
and privacy concerns which are some of the major potential challenges and impediments to the RFID system’s benefits.
Author
Access Control; Computer Information Security; Security
20060002087 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Research and Development for Victims Information Registration and Retrieval System (IAA System) and its
Application to Natural Disasters
Ebina, Tsuyoshi; Matsumoto, Fumiko; Ohno, Hiroyuki; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology. Special Issue on Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 279-287; In English; See also
20060002073; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
When a huge disaster happens, many telephone calls rush into the disaster area. We developed an internet-based disaster
victim safety information registration and retrieval system (IAA system) and also had on-the-spot inspections. We also
developed a World Wide IAA system (WWIAA system) by re-arranging IAA system to the world. Moreover, the WWIAA
system is tested for natural disasters and showed the efficiency as the result.
Author
Information Retrieval; Disasters; Inspection; Internets
20060002088 National Inst. of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Researches on Information Security in NICT
Matsushima, Yuichi; Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Special Issue on
Information Security, Volume 52, Nos. 1/2; March/June 2005, pp. 1-2; In English; See also 20060002073; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
With the recent rapid increase in the number of Internet users and the widespread use of broadband access environments
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such as ADSL and FTTH, we are now about to enter a ubiquitous communications age in which it will be possible to exchange
information with anyone at anytime, anywhere. As a result, information and communications services are becoming an
essential element of our daily societal infrastructure. Today, information and communications technology, involving, for
example, fixed and mobile phones, Internet search and information exchange, and electronic payment, is already deeply woven
into society, mirroring the historical integration of electricity, water and sewerage, gas, and public transport into our daily lives.
Unfortunately, as a result of this integration, computer viruses and other malicious data operations are now capable of breaking
into PCs and databases and causing significant disruptions. Given the increasing scale of cyber attacks, wide-area information
network infrastructures are growing more vulnerable.
Derived from text
Information Systems; Security; Data Processing; Internets; Wide Area Networks
20060002203 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA
Preparing PNNL Reports with LaTeX
Waichler, S. R.; Jun. 2005; 60 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016481; PNNL-15197; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
LaTeX is a mature document preparation system that is the standard in many scientific and academic workplaces. It has
been used extensively by scattered individuals and research groups within PNNL for years, but until now there have been no
centralized or lab-focused resources to help authors and editors. PNNL authors and editors can produce correctly formatted
PNNL or PNWD reports using the LaTeX document preparation system and the available template files. In LaTeX, document
content is maintained separately from document structure for the most part. This means that the author can easily produce the
same content in different formats and, more importantly, can focus on the content and write it in a plain text file that doesn’t
go awry, is easily transferable, and won’t become obsolete due to software changes. LaTeX produces the finest print quality
output; its typesetting is noticeably better than that of MS Word. This is particularly true for mathematics, tables, and other
types of special text. Other benefits of LaTeX: easy handling of large numbers of figures and tables; automatic and error-free
captioning, citation, cross-referencing, hyperlinking, and indexing; excellent published and online documentation; free or
low-cost distributions for Windows/Linux/Unix/Mac OS X. This document serves two purposes: (1) it provides instructions
to produce reports formatted to PNNL requirements using LaTeX, and (2) the document itself is in the form of a PNNL report,
providing examples of many solved formatting challenges. Authors can use this document or its skeleton version (with
formatting examples removed) as the starting point for their own reports.
NTIS
Documentation; Format; Unix (Operating System); Texts
20060002403 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
TREC-6 Interactive Track Report. Part 1: Experimental Procedure and Initial Results
Byrd, Don; Swan, Russell; Allan, James; Jan. 1, 2005; 34 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A440416; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The TREC-6 Interactive Track concentrated on Aspect-Oriented Retrieval: finding at least one document that covers each
aspect of relevance to a given topic as opposed to the usual information-retrieval task of simply finding documents containing
as much information as possible about the topic. For this track, we at the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval of the
University of Massachusetts designed and ran our first-ever user study.
DTIC
Information Retrieval; Data Processing
20060002455 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA
Sensor Modeling and Multi-Sensor Data Fusion
Garg, Devendra P.; Kumar, Manish; Aug. 26, 2005; 19 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0434
Report No.(s): AD-A440553; RAMA-ARO-101; ARO-47513.1-C1-11; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information
Center (DTIC)
This research report presents a novel strategy to develop a sensor model based on a probabilistic approach that would
accurately provide information about individual sensor’s uncertainties and limitations. The strategy also establishes the
dependence of sensor’s uncertainties on some of environmental parameters or parameters of any feature extraction algorithm
used in estimation based on sensor’s outputs. The approach makes use of a neural network that is trained with the help of an
230

innovative technique that obtains training signal from a maximum likelihood estimator. The proposed technique was applied
for modeling stereo-vision sensors and an Infra-Red (IR) proximity sensor used in the robotic work cell available in the
Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (RAMA) Laboratory at Duke University. In addition, the report presents an
innovative method to fuse the probabilistic information obtained from these sensors based on Bayesian formalism in an
occupancy grid framework to obtain three-dimensional occupancy model and key features of the robotic workspace. The
capability of the proposed technique in accurately obtaining three-dimensional occupancy profile and efficiently removing
individual sensor uncertainties was validated and compared with other methods via experiments carried out in the RAMA lab
during this project.
DTIC
Multisensor Fusion; Mathematical Models
Includes cost effectiveness studies.
83
ECONOMICS AND COST ANALYSIS
20060000074 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Gemini Publications: Growth and Impact
Roy, Jean-Rene; Crabtree, Dennis; Zhang, Xiaoyu; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005,
pp. 38-47; In English; See also 20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
From a governmental science policy viewpoint, the role of astronomers is to turn money into scientific results. The
agencies that find astrophysical research are looking for a return on their investment. As in all scientific fields, the tradition
and the research process require making these results public for sharing and verification. In the case of astronomy, direct
applications are not sought. Its research process contributes to enrich the pool of human knowledge. Still, astronomers want
their productivity measured and the value of the new knowledge base they build assessed and recognized.
Derived from text
Knowledge Based Systems; Policies; Productivity
20060002271 Federal Aviation Administration, USA
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
Sherry, Lance; Goldner, Dan; Yablonski, Anne; Knorr, Dave; Proceedings of the Fifth Integrated Communications,
Navigation, and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference and Workshop; November 2005, pp. 1-26; In English; See also
20060002231; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on
CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document
The Air Transportation System (ATS) provides competitive advantage to U.S. based commercial enterprises by providing
safe, reliable, fast, and low-cost transportation of goods and the people. The ATS is also an enabler for the tourism industry
and a major source of employment and commerce. Sustaining this competitive advantage requires maintaining a system with
capacity in excess of the demand for travel in the presence of changes in airline business models and other market forces. This
paper describes the FAA s NAS Strategy Simulator and how it can be used to understand and analyze the market-forces
shaping the ATS of the future. Specifically, the NAS Strategy Simulator provides the means for developing contingencies to
adapt to plausible future changes in the airline and transportation industries that will affect the delivery of air traffic services.
In this way the FAA, and their industry partners, can plan the development and testing of new policies and procedures, and
the introduction of new technologies, in a coordinated and economically efficient manner.
Author
Air Transportation; Contingency; Simulators
89
ASTRONOMY
Includes observations of celestial bodies; astronomical instruments and techniques; radio, gamma-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared
astronomy; and astrometry.
20060000057 National Optical Astronomy Observatories, Tucson, AZ, USA, National Solar Observatory, Tucson, AZ, USA
NOAO/NSO Newsletter: Issue 83
September 2005; 52 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
231

Presented is the National Optical Astronomy Observatory/National Solar Observatory Newsletter, issue no. 83 of
September 2005. Contents includes activities, programs and articles on the following: Science Highlights; Director’s Office;
NOAO Gemini Science Center; Observational Programs; Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory; Kitt Peak National
Observatory; National Solar Observatory and; Public Affairs & Educational Outreach. On the cover is the image mosaic of
the Orion Nebula in mid-infrared light (11,7 microns), including the well-known Trapezium region.
CASI
Observatories; Solar Observatories
20060000058 National Optical Astronomy Observatories, Tucson, AZ, USA, National Solar Observatory, Tucson, AZ, USA
NOAO/NSO Newsletter: Issue 84
Isbell, Douglas, Editor; December 2005; 49 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.:
Other Sources
Presented is the National Optical Astronomy Observatory/ National Solar Observatory Newsletter, issue no. 84 of
December 2005. Contents includes programs, activities and articles on the following: Science Highlights; from the Director’s
Office; NOAO Gemini Science Center; Observational Programs; Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory; Kitt Peak National
Observatory; National Solar Observatory/GONG; Public Affairs and Educational Outreach. On the cover is the Andromeda
Galaxy (M31) which is featured in the article: A survey of local group galaxies currently forming stars, on page 6.
CASI
Observatories; Solar Observatories
20060000060 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory
December 2005; 67 pp.; In English; See also 20060000061 - 20060000076; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright;
Avail.: Other Sources
Contents include the following: Gemini: The First Five Years. Why the Aspen Program Now? Gemini North Observes
Deep Impact. Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters. GNIRS Unveils the Black Hole in Centaurus A. New Kuiper Belt
Worlds. GDDS and the Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies. The Gemini Deep Planet Survey (GDPS). Gemini
Publications: Growth and Impact. NIFS Sees First Light. Recent Science Highlights. Observing Efficiency at Gemini
Observatory. Gemini Qyeue Operations & Completion Rates. ALTAIR Upgrades Report. Staff Profiles: Jason Kalawe and
Bernadette Rogers.
CASI
Black Holes (Astronomy); Computer Aided Design; Galactic Clusters; Kuiper Belt; Gemini Project
20060000064 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
Jorgensen, Inger; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005; In English; See also 20060000060;
Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In the simplest model for the evolution of elliptical and lenticular (E/SO) galaxies. called pure passive evolution, it is
assumed that intermediate redshift (z=0.2-1.0) galaxies with no ongoing star formation will have no further star formation, and
will passively age into E/SO galaxies similar to those seen at z=0. According to this model, the only difference between the
stellar populations in the intermediate redshift E/SO galaxies is an age difference equal to the look-back time to the
intermediate redshift galaxies.
Derived from text
Star Formation; Red Shift; Galactic Clusters; Age Factor; Galaxies; Lenticular Bodies
20060000066 Johns Hopkins Univ., MD, USA
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
Savaglio, Sandra; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 32-34; In English; See also
20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
In the 1970’s, the biggest observatory of the time was the 30-year-old Palomar facility. CCD detectors were not yet being
used on astronomical instruments to collect data from the sky, astronomers were still struggling with low-sensitivity
photographic plates, and the most powehl computers were as big as a room and didn t have the capabilities equivalent to any
of today s laptops. However, even at that time, astronomers knew that bigger galaxies in the universe were also chemically
232

more evolved than smaller galaxies. The origin of what is now called the mass- metallicity relation in galaxies is still
controversial. After more than three decades of research and observations, theories dealing with this phenomenon still lack the
information coming from an important fundamental parameter: cosmic time. We don’t know whether the mass-metallicity
relation was in place in the past history of the universe or how different it was in the past from what is observed today. More
precisely, we didn t even have a clue about these issues until now. A recent study based on data taken at the Gemini North
telescope shows for the first time that the mass-metallicity relation in galaxies already existed at redshift z = 0.7 (seven billion
years ago), at a time when the universe was about half of its present age. Not only was the relation clearly reflected in the
galaxies as they existed at that time, but it was also different from the one we see in the nearby (and more recent) universe.
The data used for this study were taken as part of the Gemini Deep Deep Survey (GDDS). The project benefitted from a
number of factors that, when combined, allowed this dimcult discovery to be made. First, faint targets were efficiently
observed thanks to the fantastic capabilities of the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS), working in nod-and-shume
mode. Second, the GDDS galaxies were combined with a sample of brighter galaxies observed as part of the Canada-France
Redshift Survey (CFRS), doubling the size of the initial sample. Third, optical and near-infrared photometry of the galaxy
integrated light (from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey and the CFRS) allowed stellar mass measurements for the sample,
through extensive modeling of the stellar population. As a result, the 56 galaxies in the sample cover a very large range in
stellar mass and metallicity (a factor of 400 for mass and almost 10 for metallicity).
Derived from text
Galaxies; Metallicity; Gemini Project; Deep Space; Observatories; Stellar Mass; Astronomy
20060000067 Yale Univ., New Haven, CT, USA
GNIRS Unveils the Black Hole in Centaurus A
Silge, Julia D.; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 24-26; In English; See also
20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The near by Centaurus A, also known as NGC 5128, is a remarkable object. New data from the Gemini Near-Infrared
Spectrograph (GNIRS) has revealed surprising information about what lies at the center of this galaxy. Its optical appearance
is striking, with a rich complex disk of dust and gas that cuts across the round body of this elliptical galaxy (Figure I). It was
also one of the first astronomical radio sources ever detected. More than just historically interesting however, Centaurus A is
an important object for our understanding of central black holes in galaxies, galaxy mergers, active galactic nucleus activity,
and the relationships among these components during galaxy formation and evolution. As galaxies form and grow, their
different components interact to assemble galaxies as we see them around us today. These interactions are understood at a wide
range of levels, from quite well to not at all. One link that appears clear is the relationship between black hole mass and galaxy
kinematic properties (how the stars in the galaxy are moving as a whole). This relationship has been seen in ever-growing
samples of nearby well- studied galaxies and has been found reliable and to have small scatter. In order to understand the
underlying reasons for this relationship, we need to study galaxies that have more diverse characteristics. Current samples of
galaxies are not very heterogeneous; these well- studied galaxies have been so thoroughly examined because they lend
themselves well to normal optical techniques. These techniques are not successful when applied to a more difficult type of
galaxy, such as Centaurus A, which is heavily obscured by dust.
Derived from text
Black Holes (Astronomy); Galactic Evolution; Active Galactic Nuclei; Elliptical Galaxies
20060000073 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
From Astronomy to Zeus
Collins Peterson, Carolyn; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 64-65; In English; See
also 20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Gemini Observatory s science program relies on a huge pipeline of data that G begins at the telescope and makes its way
out to the world through a complex set of nested computers and networks. The observatory counts on programmers and
information technology experts to deliver data to the right places at the right times. This includes everything from keeping the
networks running to maintaining an active World Wide Web presence for the observatory. Jason Kalawe is the man behind
the Gemini web portal, and beyond that, the go-to person for server administration and much more. He is part of the
observatory s Information Systems Group and his official title is Web Master. However, as he likes to point out, his job goes
far beyond keeping Gemini s Web page up and running.
Derived from text
Information Systems; Data Acquisition; Gemini Project; Telescopes
233

20060000076 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Gemini South Astronomer Brings Young Stars Into Focus
Roy, Jean-Rene; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 65-67; In English; See also
20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Every night Gemini Observatory delivers a constant stream of science data to astronomers, technicians, and information
specialists. On-site astronomers and science fellows are tasked with supporting science observations, telescope
commissioning, and participating in the full range of science activities at Gemini. This also includes following their own
research programs in specialties that include everything from solar system objects to cosmological questions. Bernadette
Rodgers is one of Gemini South’s very capable Science Fellows stationed at Cerro Pachon in Chile. She has spent the past
two years as the instrument scientist for the Gemini Near-Infrared Spectrograph (GNIRS), following its development from
acceptance through commissioning and now regular queue operations. She also handles the astronomer support schedule for
Gemini South. I really enjoy the challenges, getting things like the instruments, software, and user information working for
the first time, she said. On Cerro Pachon Bernadette pursues her research interests in Herbig Ae/Be stars. These are stars that
bridge the gap between low-mass stars like the Sun (or smaller) and the high-mass varieties like Eta Carinae and others that
will one day end their lives as supernovae. Currently she is using near-infrared spectroscopy as well as near-infrared imaging
with adaptive optics to gain more insight into these stellar newborns in the late stages of formation in clouds of gas and dust.
These are less well-studied than solar-type and low-mass young stars, she said, but they do have some extremely interesting
and curious things that are truly unique to these stars.
Derived from text
Astronomy; Gemini Project; Spectrographs; Near Infrared Radiation; Adaptive Optics
90
ASTROPHYSICS
Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust.
20060000044 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
Pardo, Juan R.; Cernicharo, Jose; Phillips, Thomas G.; [2005]; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white
illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): AYA2000-1784; ESP2001-4516; AYA2003-2785; NSF AST-99-80846; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
We present Caltech Submillimeter Observatory 10’ resolution maps of the 3P2(approaches)3P1 line of neutral atomic
carbon (809.3435 GHz) and the J=7-6 line of CO (806.6518 GHz) covering a region of 2 x4.5 around Orion IRc2 in the
BN/KL nebula. The two lines were observed with the same receiver, simultaneously, and therefore the two maps have zero
relative pointing error. The atomic carbon (CI) emission does not peak toward the IRc2 position and displays a very different
spatial distribution with respect to most molecular species. Moderately strong red wings are detected in CI around the region
defined by the high velocity CO gas with a spatial distribution that delineates a shell of approx. 20’ radius. We propose that
CO dissociation in the J-type shocks produced by the interaction of the lRc2 outflows with the surrounding quiescent gas could
play a significant role in this enhancement of atomic carbon in that shell.
Author
Submillimeter Waves; Molecular Gases; Dissociation; Astronomical Observatories; Carbon; Atmospheric Chemistry
20060000070 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
NIFS Sees First Light
Beck, Tracy; McGregor, Peter; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 48; In English; See
also 20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
The Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) first observed the night sky over Mauna Kea during the early
evening hours of October 18, 2005. A tremendous team effort by staff from the Gemini Observatory and the Australian
National University (ANU) allowed first light with NIFS to occur before the end of evening twilight. The first star observed
was centered within 0.2 arcseconds of the center of the NIFS field. This is a remarkable feat considering the fact that the NIFS
IFU has a very small field of view. NIFS is an image-slicing integral field unit built by the Research School of Astronomy
and used exclusively with the Gemini North facility adaptive optics system ALTAIR. It delivers R approx. 5000 imaging
spectra over a small 3x3arcsecond field of view on the sky. The NIFS delivery to Gemini North comes just two and a half
years after its predecessor was destroyed in the fires that raged through Canberra, Australia in January 2003. NIFS will be a
234

powerful new tool to study the structure and kinematics of a wide range of astronomical targets, from the search for black holes
in the center of galaxies to the ability to resolve structures on the surfaces of planets in our own solar system. The on-sky
commissioning has progressed smoothly and is scheduled to be completed before the publication of this newsletter. A Gemini
community call for System Verification (SV) proposals with NIFS will be released in early December 2005 and SV
observations will be carried out during scheduled time in January 2006.
Derived from text
Near Infrared Radiation; Spectrographs; Black Holes (Astronomy); Planetary Surfaces; Solar System
20060001815 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
Horne, Richard B.; Thorne, Richard M.; Glauert, Sarah A.; Albert, Jay M.; Meredith, Nigel P.; Anderson, Roger R.; Mar. 31,
2005; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1010
Report No.(s): AD-A440297; AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2005-1079; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Electron acceleration inside the Earth’s magnetosphere is required to explain increases in the-MeV radiation belt electron
flux during magnetically disturbed periods. Recent studies show that electron acceleration by whistler mode chorus waves
becomes most efficient just outside the plasmapause, near L = 4.5, where peaks in the electron phase space density are
observed. We present CRRES data on the spatial distribution of chorus emissions during active conditions. The wave data are
used to calculate the pitch angle and energy diffusion rates in three magnetic local time (MLT) sectors and to obtain a timescale
for acceleration. We show that chorus emissions in the prenoon sector accelerate electrons most efficiently at latitudes above
15 degrees for equatorial pitch angles between 20 degrees and 60 degrees. As electrons drift around the earth, they are
scattered to large pitch angles and further accelerated by chorus on the nightside in the equatorial region. The timescale to
accelerate electrons by whistler mode chorus and increase the flux at 1 MeV by an order of magnitude is approximately 1 day,
in agreement with satellite observations during the recovery phase of storms During wave acceleration the electrons undergo
many drift orbits and the resulting pitch angle distributions are energy-dependent. Chorus scattering should produce pitch
angle distributions that are either flat-topped or butterfly-shaped. The results provide strong support for the wave acceleration
theory.
DTIC
Artificial Satellites; Electron Accelerators; Radiation Belts
20060002475 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts: Astrophysics
Kline, K. M.; Apr. 07, 2005; 12 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): DE2005-15016429; UCRL-PROC-211169; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The document is a collection of abstracts of posters and exhibits on the subject of astrophysics.
NTIS
Astrophysics; Science
91
LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION
Includes planetology; selenology; meteorites; comets; and manned and unmanned planetary and lunar flights. For spacecraft design or
space stations see 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.
20060000068 Montreal Univ., Quebec, Canada
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey (GDPS)
Doyon, Rene; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 35-37; In English; See also
20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
This year marks the tenth anniversary of what will undoubtedly be declared one of the major scientific discoveries of the
20th century: the detection of the first planet outside the solar system. Thanks to novel and more precise instrumentation, 51
Pegasus b was discovered by the Doppler technique-measuring the tiny reflex movement of a parent star induced by an
orbiting planet. Today, no less than 168 planets in 144 planetary systems have been identified by a related technique that uses
radial velocity measurements. These objects include the now-famous transiting system HDzog@b, whose light curve has
provided a direct measurement of the planet s radius. Even its atmospheric constituents have been probed by Hubble Space
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Telescope (HST) at optical wavelengths. More recently, Spitzer Space Telescope made a direct detection of the infrared
radiation from the planet. Aside from the important statistical fact that gas giant planets do exist in more than 7% of nearby
F, G, K and M (main sequence) stars, and more preferably around metal-rich ones, the wealth of radial velocity data has also
unveiled the existence of hot Jupiters -gas giant planets orbiting very close to their parent star in scorching hot regions clearly
not conducive to the formation of Jovian planets (which are made mostly of volatile gas). It is now believed that those worlds
were likely formed at larger distances beyond the so-called snow line, (where water and other volatiles would condense out
of the cloud of gas and dust that form a planetary system) and migrated inward either through disk-planet dynamical
interaction and/or planet-planet gravitational interaction. Clearly, it has been a very busy and exciting first decade for the
still-infant discipline of exoplanetary science. We have yet to probe and search at relatively large (greater than 5-6
astronomical units (AU)) semi-major axes, a parameter-space impractical for the radial velocity technique since it requires
long baseline measurements patiently acquired over a significant fraction of one orbital period. For planets like Jupiter and
Saturn, this time frame corresponds to 12 and 29 years, respectively.
Derived from text
Astronomy; Planetary Systems; Surveys; Gemini Project; Planet Detection
20060000071 Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI, USA
Recent Science Highlights
Roy, Jean-Rene; Fischer, Scott; Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini Observatory; December 2005, pp. 49-53; In English;
See also 20060000060; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources
Over 82 separate nights the Gemini North and Keck I telescopes mapped the clouds 0 of Saturn’s largest moon Titan
during a coordinated monitoring imaging campaign during the moon s 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 apparitions. Henry G. Roe
(CalTech) and a team including Gemini s Chad Trujillo, found that Titan s recently discovered short-lived mid-latitudes clouds
cluster near 350 degrees west longitude and 40 degrees south latitude. They can last as long as one Earth day before
dissipating. The observations point to a localized surface event such as geysering or cryovolcanism as a possible trigger for
the formation of these clouds. The team used adaptive optics systems on both Mauna Kea telescopes to map Titan s surface
and atmospheric features at a spatial resolution of about 300 kilometers as shown in Figure 1 inset images. At Gemini North,
the nightly monitoring of Titan with ALTAIR, (the facility adaptive optics system), was done as a test for multi-instrument
queue observing, a mode that is now fully implemented.
Derived from text
Titan Atmosphere; Dissipation; Infrared Telescopes; Spatial Resolution; Methane
236

ABILITIES
Proficiency and the Private Pilot – 1
ABLATION
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
ABRASION
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
ABSTRACTS
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts:
Light and Matter – 201
AC GENERATORS
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
ACCELERATORS
Chromaticity and Impedance Effect on
the Transverse Motion of Longitudinal
Bunch Slices in the Tevatron – 217
ACCEPTOR MATERIALS
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized
by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
– 79
ACCESS CONTROL
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting
Illegal Access – 148
Finding Solution to the Illegal Access in
RFID – 229
Hysteresis Signature and Its Related
Technologies to Maintain the Digital Evidence
for Network Activities in Future
Society – 150
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
ACCUMULATORS
A 15 Nanosecond Complex Multiplier-
Accumulator for FFTS – 124
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
ACETATES
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT
Continuous Speech Recognition by
Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov
Model – 206
ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION
Numerical Studies of Acoustic Propagation
in Shallow Water – 167
Subject Term Index
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
ACOUSTICS
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research
Annual Report 2005 – 202
Numerical Studies of Acoustic Propagation
in Shallow Water – 167
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
Syllable-based Segment-Hypotheses
Generation in Fluently Spoken Speech
Using Gross Articulatory Features
– 154
ACQUISITION
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
ACTIVE CONTROL
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Flow-of-Activation Processing – 151
ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
GNIRS Unveils the Black Hole in Centaurus
A – 233
ACTIVITY (BIOLOGY)
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
ACTUATORS
BTeV Trigger/DAQ Innovations – 188
Effects of Boundary Layer Flow Control
Using Plasma Actuator Discharges
– 184
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive
Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and
Hysteretic Regimes – 60
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
ADAPTATION
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using
Intelligent Composite Active Structures
(ADPICAS) – 34
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
On Models for Coordination of Activity
and It’s Disruption – 179
ADAPTIVE CONTROL
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Design of Continuous Gain Adaptive Alpha
Beta Trackers for Passive Sonar
Application – 204
Distributed Adaptive Operations: Command
& Control of Networked-enabled
Forces,Geographically Dispersed – 50
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Stability of Adaptively Controlled
Systems- A Graphical Approach – 155
ADAPTIVE FILTERS
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
A Fast QR/Frequency-Domain RLS
Adaptive Filter – 164
A Fast Transversal Filter for Adaptive
Line Enhancement – 42
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
– 42
Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed
Coefficient Adaptation – 165
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive
Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
– 208
Cancellation of Acoustic Noise in a Pipe
Using Digital Adaptive Filters – 203
Continuous-Time Least-Squares Fast
Transversal Filters – 156
Efficient Array Processing Structures for
Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters – 73
Enhancement of Block-Coded
Speech – 58
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
A-1

Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite
Impulse Response Adaptive Filters – 54
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares
Adaptive Algorithms – 163
On the Probability Density Function of
the LMS Adaptive Filter Weights – 172
On the Stability of Adaptive Lattice Filters
– 173
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo
Canceller – 47
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive
Army Filtering – 208
Stabilization of Fast Recursive Least-
Squares Transversal Filters for Adaptive
Filtering – 164
Suppression and Detection of Impulse
Type Interference Using Adaptive Median
Hybrid Filters – 57
The Use of Large Adaptive Gains to
Remove the SPR Condition from Recursive
Adaptive Algorithms – 165
ADAPTIVE OPTICS
ALTAIR Upgrades Report – 211
Gemini South Astronomer Brings Young
Stars Into Focus – 234
ADDITIVES
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
ADHESION
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
ADULTS
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress
on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in
Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine
Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination
of the Gateway Hypothesis
– 109
AERODYNAMIC DRAG
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
AERODYNAMIC NOISE
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research
Annual Report 2005 – 202
AERODYNAMICS
Large-Eddy Simulation of the Tip-Flow of
a Rotor in Hover – 1
The Effect of Aerodynamic Surfaces Versus
Thrust Maneuvers on Reentry Vehicles
– 29
AERONAUTICS
Aeronautical Data Link Road Map, An Air
Carrier Perspective – 3
A-2
Information Security for the Aviation
Community: A Personal Perspective – 6
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic
Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing
with 3D CFD Model – 82
AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
AEROSPACE MEDICINE
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms
on Space Structural Materials
in Space – 113
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
AFGHANISTAN
American Carrier Air Power at the Dawn
of a New Century – 21
AGE FACTOR
Relationship of Air Traffic Control Specialist
Age to En Route Operational Errors
– 10
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
– 232
AGGREGATES
Comparison of Alternative Devices to Determine
Aggregate Shape – 195
AIR NAVIGATION
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
CPDLC and ADS-B in Europe: Alive and
Kicking – 14
AIR POLLUTION
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
A Logical Architecture for Future Avionics
– 11
Aeronautical Data Link Road Map, An Air
Carrier Perspective – 3
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
Airborne Internet Consortium Forum
– 9
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Communications-Supported Concepts
for Highjacked Aircraft – 49
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
CPDLC and ADS-B in Europe: Alive and
Kicking – 14
Defining Command, Control, and Communications
(C3) for Unmanned Aircraft
Systems (UAS) – 30
Departure Exclusion Zone (DEZ) -aFuture
Concept to Enhance Runway Operations
Using Aircraft Derived Data – 9
Future Global Communications In Efficient
Flight Path Management – 4
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
Relationship of Air Traffic Control Specialist
Age to En Route Operational Errors
– 10
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Enables
an Agile National Airspace System
- SWIM Provides the Pipeline Services
– 15
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance,
Boeing, Airservices Australia,
QANTAS – 3
Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures
of Voice Communications System
Performance – 41
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) System Wide Information Management
(SWIM) Program – 7
The New Future Needs for CNS-ATM: An
Airline Perspective – 11
The Right Radar Backup for ADS-
B – 48
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5
The Standalone Traffic Information Service
(TIS) Server – 4
AIR TRAFFIC
An Integrated Global CNS System – 13
Relationship of Air Traffic Control Specialist
Age to En Route Operational Errors
– 10
AIR TRANSPORTATION
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
Departure Exclusion Zone (DEZ) -aFuture
Concept to Enhance Runway Operations
Using Aircraft Derived Data – 9
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
– 231

Short Range Surveillance Link for Close
Proximity Navigation During Closely
Spaced Parallel Approach – 18
Standards – 39
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) System Wide Information Management
(SWIM) Program – 7
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5
AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT
Airborne Internet: Applications
Abound – 6
ESCAN – 49
Strategic Applications of Controller-
Assigned Airborne Separation
(CAAS) – 23
AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
AIRCRAFT ANTENNAS
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
American Carrier Air Power at the Dawn
of a New Century – 21
AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATION
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft
Communication Systems – 10
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
Implementing
Bag – 11
the Electronic Flight
SITA AIRCOM Datalink Implementation
Status – 12
AIRCRAFT CONFIGURATIONS
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
AIRCRAFT ENGINES
Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation:
Data Supporting Standard Development
– 22
AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY
Evaluation of IPv6 Services for Future
Aviation Networks – 12
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) Industry Engagement – 24
AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft
Maintenance Personnel Performing
Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
– 114
AIRCRAFT SAFETY
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
Proficiency and the Private Pilot – 1
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5
AIRCRAFT
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
Limited Characterization of the SPADS
Radar System, Project ‘START’ – 20
AIRLINE OPERATIONS
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
AIRPORTS
An Integrated Global CNS System – 13
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
– 40
AIRSHIPS
Instrument Rating: Practical Test Standards
for Airplane, Helicopter, Airship
– 24
AIRSPACE
Airborne Internet: Applications
Abound – 6
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5
ALGEBRA
An Expansion Algorithm for Higher Order
Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key
Ciphers – 168
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient
Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
– 118
ALGORITHMS
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
A Concavity Based Algorithm for the Recognition
of Partially Occluded
3-Dimensional Objects – 86
A Fast QR/Frequency-Domain RLS
Adaptive Filter – 164
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
A Functional Cryptosystem Using a
Group Action – 46
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule
Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral
Shaping – 173
A New Algorithm for Maximum Entropy
Image Reconstruction – 203
A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed
Tolerance Design Centering Based on a
Modified Simplex Method – 67
A New Relative Placement Procedure
Based on MSST and Linear Programming
– 65
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR
Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection
of Identical Allpass Subfilters
– 70
A Procedure for a Chip Floorplanning
– 73
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KA-
SUMI – 170
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms
of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on
to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays – 70
A VLSI Implementation of the Partial
Rank Algorithm for Adaptive Signal Processing
– 86
Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed
Coefficient Adaptation – 165
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by
Hybrid Spline – 55
An Analysis of Finite Precision Effects for
the Autocorrelation Method and Burg’s
Method of Linear Prediction – 60
An Application of Bin-Packing to Building
Block Placement – 75
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate
Integration Scheme for Circuit
Simulation – 76
An Expansion Algorithm for Higher Order
Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key
Ciphers – 168
An Improved Building Block Model for
Placement Using Simulated Annealing
– 74
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive
Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
– 208
Assessment of Finite Precision Limitations
in LMS and BLMS Adaptive Algorithms
– 55
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded
Planar Objects by a Two Steps
Processing – 158
CARMA Model Methods of Two-
Dimensional Shape Classification: An
Eigensystem Approach vs. the LP
Norm – 166
A-3

A-4
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
CompreX: XML Compression and the
Airborne Internet – 14
Continuous-Time Least-Squares Fast
Transversal Filters – 156
Convergence in Neural Memories
– 139
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
Efficient CFAR Detection of Line Segments
in a 2-D Image – 209
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
Exciting Conditions for Quantized State
Adaptive Algorithms – 53
Explicit Time Correlation in Hidden
Markov Models for Speech Recognition
– 155
Fast Algorithms for QR and Cholesky
Factors of Toeplitz Operators – 161
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size
VLSl Arrays – 67
Implementation of the Optimum Block
Adaptive Algorithm in the Frequency Domain
– 64
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-
Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling
in Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient
Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
– 118
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to
Functional Pipelining – 67
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of
VLSI Circuits – 56
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match
Quality Measures for Model-Based Object
Recognition with Applications to Automatic
Target Recognition – 158
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based
on the EM Algorithm – 55
New Algorithm for Estimating Optic Flow
for Low Level Vision Systems – 172
Nonplanar Switchable Arrays for Signal
Processing – 69
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
OCF-A New Coding Algorithm for High
Quality Sound Signals – 207
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares
Adaptive Algorithms – 163
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for
Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
– 168
On the Finest Classification of All the
Common Trees in a Two-Graph: Approach
by a Matroid with Parity Structure
– 68
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks
with Reduced Rank Components – 77
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
Reducing Labeling Effort for Structured
Prediction Tasks – 180
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural
Language Text – 169
Segmentation of Noisy Textured Images
Using Simulated Annealing – 59
Sensitivity Analysis of PWL Circuits
– 76
Sensor Placement for Grid Coverage Under
Imprecise Detections – 89
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Stability of Adaptively Controlled
Systems- A Graphical Approach – 155
Stabilization of Fast Recursive Least-
Squares Transversal Filters for Adaptive
Filtering – 164
Structure of the Submarking Reachability
Problem and Network Programming
– 140
Subgroup Membership Problem and Its
Applications to Information Security
– 168
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High
Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
– 74
The Modeling and Segmentation of
Speckled Images – 163
The Use of Large Adaptive Gains to
Remove the SPR Condition from Recursive
Adaptive Algorithms – 165
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array
Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a
Known Rotation – 43
Unified Approach for Low Level Image
Analysis – 158
Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS
Adaptive Algorithm – 74
ALIGNMENT
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
ALLOCATIONS
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132
ALPHA PARTICLES
I. Excluded Volume Effects in Ising Cluster
Distributions and Nuclear II. Multifragmentation.
Multiple Chance Effects in
Alpha-Particle Evaporation – 121
ALTERNATING CURRENT
Damping Transverse Instabilities in the
Tevatron Using AC Chromaticity – 191
ALUMINUM ALLOYS
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
ALUMINUM HYDRIDES
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
ALUMINUM
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
AMMONIA
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
AMORPHOUS SILICON
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW
Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing
System – 194
AMPLIFICATION
Design of Continuous Gain Adaptive Alpha
Beta Trackers for Passive Sonar
Application – 204
AMPLIFIERS
Constraints Analysis for Oversampling
A-to-D Converter Structures on VLSI
Implementation – 64
AMPLITUDE MODULATION
High Linearity Wideband Coherent Amplitude
Modulation (AM) Radio Frequency
(RF)-Photonic Links – 63
ANALOG CIRCUITS
Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits
– 74
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
ANALOG SIMULATION
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTERS
A Design Methodology for Decimation
Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
– 68
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation
of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital
Converters – 67

A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
ANALOGIES
Multi-Modal Retrieval of Trademark Images
Using Global Similarity – 223
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale
Images Using Global Similarity – 223
ANALOGS
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
– 11
ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS
ON HYPERBOLIC Q CLASSES – 117
ANISOTROPY
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics
& Astronautics, Volume 37, Number
5, October 2005 – 1
ANNOTATIONS
Annotated Bibliogrphry of EDGE2D
Use – 214
ANTIGENS
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Chemotherapeutics Targeting Immune
Activation by Staphylococcal Superantigens
– 106
ANTIOXIDANTS
TestingofWW-85 – 110
ANTIPROTONS
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
ANTIREFLECTION COATINGS
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
Status of Optical Coatings for the National
Ignition Facility – 215
ANTISUBMARINE WARFARE
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
APERTURES
Control of Dynamic Aperture for Synchronton
Light Sources – 191
APEXES
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTER-
FACE
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
APPLICATION SPECIFIC INTEGRATED
CIRCUITS
Integrated Circuit Structures for Processing
Man-Machine Interaction – 73
APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS (COMPUT-
ERS)
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure
Overlay Networks – 138
The Architecture and Application of the
Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor
Family – 130
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
APPROACH
RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches:
Concepts and Benefits – 3
APPROXIMATION
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by
Hybrid Spline – 55
Applications of Error Intensity Measures
to Bearing Estimation – 163
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS)
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
A Novel VLSI Digital Signal Processor
Architecture for High-Speed Vector and
Transform Operations – 58
A Reconfigurable Binary/RNS/LNS Architecture
for DSP – 126
A VLSI Implementation of the Partial
Rank Algorithm for Adaptive Signal Processing
– 86
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
Polymorphous Computing Architecture
(PCA) Kernel-Level Benchmarks – 131
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture
Based on Two-Dimensional
Electrowetting Arrays – 62
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
Serial/Parallel Architectures for Area-
Efficient Vector Multiplication – 129
Techniques to Increase the Computational
Throughput of Bit-Serial Architectures
– 125
The Architecture and Application of the
Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor
Family – 130
Vision for a future diagnostic architecture
– 141
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
AREA NAVIGATION
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
ARGON
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
ARRAYS
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size
VLSl Arrays – 67
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array
Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a
Known Rotation – 43
ARRIVALS
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance,
Boeing, Airservices Australia,
QANTAS – 3
ARTICULATION (SPEECH)
Syllable-based Segment-Hypotheses
Generation in Fluently Spoken Speech
Using Gross Articulatory Features
– 154
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology
for Agent Technology – 161
Unified Approach for Low Level Image
Analysis – 158
Validation and Usability Analysis of Intelligent
Systems: An Integrated Approach
– 160
ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
ASPECT RATIO
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
ASPHALT
Comparison of Alternative Devices to Determine
Aggregate Shape – 195
ASSESSMENTS
Conclusions and Recommendations
– 39
Risk Reduction with a Fuzzy Expert Exploration
Tool – 121
ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY
Representing Lattice Ordered Associative
Memories with Artificial Neural Networks
– 151
ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
ASTRONOMY
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
Gemini South Astronomer Brings Young
Stars Into Focus – 234
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey
(GDPS) – 235
ASTROPHYSICS
ALTAIR Upgrades Report – 211
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts: Astrophysics
– 235
A-5

ASYMMETRY
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Single Spin Asymmetries: from JLab12 to
EIC – 193
Single Target Spin Asymmetries and
GPDs – 193
Single-Spin Beam Asymmetries in QED
and QCD – 193
ASYMPTOTIC METHODS
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently
Averaged Covariance Matrix for
the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources – 173
ASYMPTOTIC SERIES
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently
Averaged Covariance Matrix for
the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources – 173
ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER
Handbook of Physical Constants and
Functions for Use in Atmospheric Boundary
Layer Studies – 82
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel
Chemistry – 102
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
ATMOSPHERIC MODELS
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
ATOMS
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
ATROPHY
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113
ATTENUATION
Design and Implementation of Velocity
Filters Using Multichannel Array Processing
Techniques – 66
A-6
ATTITUDE (INCLINATION)
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
AUDIO EQUIPMENT
Expansion of Listening Area with Good
Localization in Audio Conferencing
– 208
AUDIO FREQUENCIES
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
AUDITORY DEFECTS
Diagnostic Information from Subjective
and Objective Intelligibility Tests – 205
AUDITORY SIGNALS
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research
Annual Report 2005 – 202
AUGMENTATION
Adaptive Line Enhancement Using a
Random AR Model – 56
Estimation of Noise Variance from the
Noisy AR Signal and Its Applications in
Speech Enhancement – 55
Iterative Speech Enhancement with
Spectral Constraints – 58
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based
on the EM Algorithm – 55
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) Industry Engagement – 24
AUSTRALIA
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance,
Boeing, Airservices Australia,
QANTAS – 3
AUTOCORRELATION
An Analysis of Finite Precision Effects for
the Autocorrelation Method and Burg’s
Method of Linear Prediction – 60
ARMA Modeling Using Cumulant and
Autocorrelation Statistics – 162
Autocorrelation Distortion Function for
Improved AR Modeling – 60
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
On the Extreme Accuracy of Maximum
Entropy Spectrum Estimation from an
Error-Free Autocorrelation Function
– 118
AUTOMATIC CONTROL
An Application of Bin-Packing to Building
Block Placement – 75
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis
by Texture Analysis of Chest X-Ray Images
– 183
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
On the Automatic Segmentation of
Speech Signals – 157
Short Range Surveillance Link for Close
Proximity Navigation During Closely
Spaced Parallel Approach – 18
The Standalone Traffic Information Service
(TIS) Server – 4
AUTOMATIC PILOTS
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
AUTOMATIC TEST EQUIPMENT
The Evolution of Test Heads in High
Frequency VLSI Test Systems – 72
AUTOMOBILES
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
AUTONOMY
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
An Approach for Analysis of Chaos in
Josephson Autonomous Circuit – 66
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8
States and Trends of Technologies in the
Ad Hoc Networks Applicable to Emergency
Communications – 149
AUTOREGRESSIVE MOVING AVERAGE
ARMA Modeling Using Cumulant and
Autocorrelation Statistics – 162
AUTOREGRESSIVE PROCESSES
Autocorrelation Distortion Function for
Improved AR Modeling – 60
Fitting Noncausal Autoregressive Signal
Plus Noise Models to Noisy Non-
Gaussian Linear Processes – 43
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation
of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive
Processes – 173
AVIONICS
A Logical Architecture for Future Avionics
– 11
ATC Com Upgrades-Designing to Satisfy
Airline Business Case for Avionics – 16
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
CPDLC and ADS-B in Europe: Alive and
Kicking – 14
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
– 11
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25

RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches:
Concepts and Benefits – 3
Role of Multi-Mode Multi-Function Digital
Avionics in the Future NAS – 26
Safe Flight 21 Implementing Broadcast
Services – 13
The Standalone Traffic Information Service
(TIS) Server – 4
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) Industry Engagement – 24
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
AWACS AIRCRAFT
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
BACILLUS
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
BALL BEARINGS
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered
MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
– 91
BANDWIDTH
A New Approach to Noise-Robust
LPC – 54
Active RC-Building Blocks for
MOSFET-C Integrated Filters – 64
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
Switched-Capacitor Building Blocks with
Reduced Sensitivity to Finite Amplifier
Gain, Bandwidth and Offset Voltage
– 115
BARRELS (CONTAINERS)
Dry Transfer Facility Criticality Safety
Calculations – 91
BARYONS
Stopping and Baryon Transport in Heavy
Ion Reactions – 195
BATTERY CHARGERS
Compact, Lightweight, Smart Battery
Charger – 99
BAYES THEOREM
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired
Effects – 175
BEAM INJECTION
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
BEAM INTERACTIONS
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
Feasibility Study of Beam-Beam Compensation
in the Tevatron with
Wires – 190
Theory and Reality of Beam-Beam Effects
at Hadron Colliders – 189
BEAMS (RADIATION)
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor
Front-End Software – 186
BERYLLIUM ISOTOPES
Protection Factor Testing of the 3M
Breathe Easy (BE-10) Powered Air Purifying
Respirator (PAPR) – 116
BETATRONS
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and
Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole
Families at Tevatron – 189
Diffusion Due to Beam-Beam Resonances
in Hadron Colliders – 186
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
– 188
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
Annotated Bibliogrphry of EDGE2D
Use – 214
BINARY CODES
A Reconfigurable Binary/RNS/LNS Architecture
for DSP – 126
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
BINARY DIGITS
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
BINOCULARS
A Method of Acquiring 3-D Data of an
Object from Stereo Images – 85
BIOINSTRUMENTATION
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
BIOMEDICAL DATA
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
BIPOLARITY
A 15 Nanosecond Complex Multiplier-
Accumulator for FFTS – 124
A Device Simulation Tool for High-
Voltage Bipolar Devices – 76
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
BIT SYNCHRONIZATION
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
BITS
A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KA-
SUMI – 170
BLACK HOLES (ASTRONOMY)
Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini
Observatory – 232
GNIRS Unveils the Black Hole in Centaurus
A – 233
NIFS Sees First Light – 234
BLOOD FLOW
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
BLOOD PRESSURE
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
BOEING AIRCRAFT
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance,
Boeing, Airservices Australia,
QANTAS – 3
BOOSTER ROCKET ENGINES
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the
Fermilab Booster – 29
BOUNDARIES
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
– 64
BOUNDARY LAYER CONTROL
Effects of Boundary Layer Flow Control
Using Plasma Actuator Discharges
– 184
BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW
Effects of Boundary Layer Flow Control
Using Plasma Actuator Discharges
– 184
BOUNDARY LAYERS
Handbook of Physical Constants and
Functions for Use in Atmospheric Boundary
Layer Studies – 82
TKE Budgets and Dissipation Rates in
Disturbed Stable Boundary Layers
– 105
BRAGG GRATINGS
Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical
Fiber Grating Sensor – 212
BRAIN DAMAGE
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
BRAIN
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
BREAST
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
A-7

Regulation of hTERT Expression and
Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+)
Human Mammary Epithelial Cell
Lines – 108
BREATHING APPARATUS
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin
(GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD)
Vapor Challenge Testing of Commercial
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
– 116
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
Numerical Study of On-Axis Dose Rate
from Ta and W Bremsstrahlung Converter
Targets – 199
BRIDGES (STRUCTURES)
Development of a Transducer for Measuring
Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge
Girders – 92
BRIGHTNESS
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200
BROADBAND
High Linearity Wideband Coherent Amplitude
Modulation (AM) Radio Frequency
(RF)-Photonic Links – 63
High Resolution Multipath Time Delay
Estimation for Broadband Random Signals
– 204
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently
Averaged Covariance Matrix for
the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources – 173
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
BROADCASTING
A Methodology for Evaluating the Performance
of Dynamic Range Control Algorithms
for Speech Enhancement – 57
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
BRUSH SEALS
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
BUDGETS
Why the Aspen Program Now? – 221
CADMIUM TELLURIDES
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
A-8
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
CADMIUM
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
CALIBRATING
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
CAMERAS
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for
M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera
System) – 63
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
CANCELLATION
Cancellation of Acoustic Noise in a Pipe
Using Digital Adaptive Filters – 203
CANCER
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
Regulation of hTERT Expression and
Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+)
Human Mammary Epithelial Cell
Lines – 108
CANS
Canister Handling Facility Criticality
Safety Calculations – 101
CAPACITORS
Chaotic Oscillations in a Forced Second
Order Circuit Containing a Piecewise-
Linear Capacitor – 71
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator
Loop OTA Filter Structures
– 72
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using
Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
– 71
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
Switched-Capacitor Building Blocks with
Reduced Sensitivity to Finite Amplifier
Gain, Bandwidth and Offset Voltage
– 115
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters
with Full Digital Programmability
– 66
CARBON DIOXIDE
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
CARBON
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Successful Nutrition and Health Interventions
to Obtain and Maintain an Optimal
Availability of Soldiers – 105
CARRIER SENSE MULTIPLE ACCESS
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
CASCADE CONTROL
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
CATALYSTS
Development of a Novel Catalyst for No
Decomposition – 100
CAVITIES
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
An Integrated Global CNS System – 13
The New Future Needs for CNS-ATM: An
Airline Perspective – 11
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram
Processor – 86
CENTRIFUGES
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
CEPSTRAL ANALYSIS
Deterministic Characteristics of LPC Distances:
An Inconsistency with Perceptual
Evidence – 156
Objective Methods for Comparing Autoregressive
Order-Determining Criteria
– 119
CEREBRAL CORTEX
The Role of Layer 4 in Thalamocortical
Development – 106
CEREBRUM
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
CERMETS
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35

CERTIFICATION
Certification – 128
Conclusions and Recommendations
– 39
Validation, Verification and Certification
of Embedded Systems – 127
CHAOS
An Approach for Analysis of Chaos in
Josephson Autonomous Circuit – 66
Period-doubling Bifurcation and Chaos in
a Constrained Circuit – 78
CHARACTER RECOGNITION
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
CHARACTERIZATION
Characterizing Network Services through
Cluster-Set Variations – 122
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate
Delay Measurements Under Transmission
Line Effects – 72
CHARGE CARRIERS
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1xNyAs1-y
Solar Cells – 192
CHARGE TRANSFER
Space-Charge Transport Limits in Periodic
Channels – 200
CHEMICAL LASERS
Simulation of Flow Unsteadiness in
Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser Devices
– 89
CHEMICAL OXYGEN-IODINE LASERS
Simulation of Flow Unsteadiness in
Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser Devices
– 89
CHEMICAL WARFARE
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the IMS20000 (trademark)
(Bruker Daltonics GmbH Ion Mobility
Spectrometer 2000) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 82
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the Raid-M (Bruker Saxonia Analytik
GmbH Rapid Alarm and Identification
Device - Monitor) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 88
Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing
of SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and
Vapor Detector Against Chemical Warfare
Agents Summary Report – 88
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
CHEMOTHERAPY
Chemotherapeutics Targeting Immune
Activation by Staphylococcal Superantigens
– 106
CHEST
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis
by Texture Analysis of Chest X-Ray Images
– 183
CHINA
The Four Tones Recognition of Continuous
Chinese Speech – 157
CHINESE AIRCRAFT
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
CHIPS (ELECTRONICS)
A Procedure for a Chip Floorplanning
– 73
CHIPS
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
CHOLESKY FACTORIZATION
Fast Algorithms for QR and Cholesky
Factors of Toeplitz Operators – 161
CIRCUITS
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
An Approach for Analysis of Chaos in
Josephson Autonomous Circuit – 66
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate
Integration Scheme for Circuit
Simulation – 76
Chaotic Oscillations in a Forced Second
Order Circuit Containing a Piecewise-
Linear Capacitor – 71
CODECS: An Object-Oriented Mixed-
Level Circuit and Device Simulator – 70
Compaction with Performance Optimization
– 69
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to
Functional Pipelining – 67
Performance Analysis of Multidimensional
Block State-Space Models – 170
Period-doubling Bifurcation and Chaos in
a Constrained Circuit – 78
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical
Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear
Resistor – 79
CIRCULAR PLATES
Simulation of Piezoelectric Effect in Nastran:
Experimental and Analytical Estimation
of Dynamic Response of a Circular
Plate – 141
CIRCULATION
Multipole Error Analysis Using Local
3-Bump Orbit Data in Fermilab Recycler
– 187
CIVIL AVIATION
Airborne Internet Consortium Background
– 10
ATC Com Upgrades-Designing to Satisfy
Airline Business Case for Avionics – 16
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
CPDLC and ADS-B in Europe: Alive and
Kicking – 14
Implementing the Electronic Flight
Bag – 11
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
Information Security for the Aviation
Community: A Personal Perspective – 6
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
(TAPS) – 8
Auto-PIREP System
Integrated GPS/eLoran Systems – 4
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
CLASSIFICATIONS
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Continuous Speech Recognition by
Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov
Model – 206
Diagnostic Information from Subjective
and Objective Intelligibility Tests – 205
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
On Generalized Feussner’s Principle in a
Two-graph – 120
On the Finest Classification of All the
Common Trees in a Two-Graph: Approach
by a Matroid with Parity Structure
– 68
The Automatic Classification of the Welding
Defects – 86
CLEAR AIR TURBULENCE
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
CLIENT SERVER SYSTEMS
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132
A-9

CLIMATE
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103
CLINOSTATS
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
CLOCKS
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
CLUSTER ANALYSIS
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule
Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral
Shaping – 173
Characterizing Network Services through
Cluster-Set Variations – 122
CLUTTER
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
COAL
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
COATING
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
COBALT
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics
& Astronautics, Volume 37, Number
5, October 2005 – 1
COCKPIT SIMULATORS
Practical Adaptive Noise Reduction in the
Aircraft Cockpit Environment – 19
COCKPITS
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft
Communication Systems – 10
CODERS
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
A-10
OCF-A New Coding Algorithm for High
Quality Sound Signals – 207
CODING
A New Approach to Noise-Robust
LPC – 54
Enhancement
Speech – 58
of Block-Coded
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared
Study – 115
Spectroscopy
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient
Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
– 118
OCF-A New Coding Algorithm for High
Quality Sound Signals – 207
COEFFICIENTS
A Design Methodology for Decimation
Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
– 68
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR
Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection
of Identical Allpass Subfilters
– 70
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite
Impulse Response Adaptive Filters – 54
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
COGENERATION
Environmental Technology Verification
Report: Aisin Seiki 6.0 kW Natural Gas-
Fired Engine Cogeneration Unit – 100
COGNITION
An M+I+T++ Research Approach to
Network-Based Mobile Education
(NBME) and Teaching-Studying-
Learning Processes: Towards a Global
Metamodel – 124
COLLISIONS
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
COLOR
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and
Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole
Families at Tevatron – 189
Damping Transverse Instabilities in the
Tevatron Using AC Chromaticity – 191
COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
COMBUSTION
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
COMMAND AND CONTROL
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
Defining Command, Control, and Communications
(C3) for Unmanned Aircraft
Systems (UAS) – 30
Distributed Adaptive Operations: Command
& Control of Networked-enabled
Forces,Geographically Dispersed – 50
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
In Pursuit of Automated Command and
Control: The Army vs. OSD – 137
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Optimized Command and Control Architectures
for Improved Process and Performance
– 45
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT
CPDLC and ADS-B in Europe: Alive and
Kicking – 14
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
Modeling the Infrared Intensity of a Large
Commerical Aircraft – 2
COMMUNICATING
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering
Talker in Co-Channel
Speech – 59

COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Advanced Wireless Integrated Navy Network
- AWINN – 62
Airborne Internet Consortium Background
– 10
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
ATC Com Upgrades-Designing to Satisfy
Airline Business Case for Avionics – 16
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Communications-Supported Concepts
for Highjacked Aircraft – 49
ESCAN – 49
In Pursuit of Automated Command and
Control: The Army vs. OSD – 137
Optimized Command and Control Architectures
for Improved Process and Performance
– 45
Secure Key Management for NASA
Space Communication – 31
Systems Methodology to Defining Surface
Network Architecture – 50
COMMUNICATION
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
COMPACTING
Compaction with Performance Optimization
– 69
COMPARATOR CIRCUITS
The Evolution of Test Heads in High
Frequency VLSI Test Systems – 72
COMPETITION
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
COMPILERS
A Second Generation Silicon Compiler
for Bit-Serial Signal Processing Architecture
– 42
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
COMPLEX SYSTEMS
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues
in Computer Science and Engineering,
Volume 1, No. 2 – 123
Sustainability and Safety: The Complex
System Properties – 117
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using
Intelligent Composite Active Structures
(ADPICAS) – 34
COMPRESSIBILITY
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
COMPRESSORS
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic
Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing
with 3D CFD Model – 82
COMPUTATIONAL GRIDS
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
COMPUTATION
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing
Environment – 152
Techniques to Increase the Computational
Throughput of Bit-Serial Architectures
– 125
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini
Observatory – 232
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
COMPUTER AIDED TOMOGRAPHY
Dimensional Measurements of Three
Tubes by Computed Tomography – 83
COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION
Composition of Conditional Random
Fields for Transfer Learning – 134
COMPUTER COMPONENTS
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured
Graphics – 135
COMPUTER INFORMATION SECURITY
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
Error Detection and Authentication in
Quantum Key Distribution – 169
Finding Solution to the Illegal Access in
RFID – 229
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
The Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation
Methodology – 147
COMPUTER NETWORKS
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
An M+I+T++ Research Approach to
Network-Based Mobile Education
(NBME) and Teaching-Studying-
Learning Processes: Towards a Global
Metamodel – 124
Coalition Information Assurance - Common
Operating Picture (CIA-
COP) – 226
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure
Overlay Networks – 138
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
States and Trends of Technologies in the
Ad Hoc Networks Applicable to Emergency
Communications – 149
Structure of the Submarking Reachability
Problem and Network Programming
– 140
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a
Tile Plane – 180
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
Certification – 128
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable
Controllers – 180
Enforcing Resource Sharing Agreements
Among Distributed Server Clusters
– 136
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion
Prevention Systems
(HIPS) – 140
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
Verification and Validation: Current and
Best Practice – 128
COMPUTER PROGRAMS
Economic Markets as a Means of Open
Mobile-Agent Systems – 137
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
In Pursuit of Automated Command and
Control: The Army vs. OSD – 137
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25
A-11

Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation
Line Beam Dump Concept
– 123
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor
Front-End Software – 186
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Solar: A Pervasive-Computing Infrastructure
for Context-Aware Mobile Applications
– 132
Spacecraft In-Orbit Operations through
Multi-Mission Ground Software – 32
The Business Case for SWIM – 15
The National Water-Quality Assessment
Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System
(IDAS) Software: Version 3 (User’s
Manual) – 137
The Virtual Microscope – 142
Verification and Validation: Current and
Best Practice – 128
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User
Manual – 131
COMPUTER SECURITY
A Development of Experimental Environments
‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing
Internet Security Incidents – 138
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES
Load Latency Tolerance in Dynamically
Scheduled Processors – 126
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
COMPUTER SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROGRAMS
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
COMPUTER TECHNIQUES
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
COMPUTER VIRUSES
A Development of Experimental Environments
‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing
Internet Security Incidents – 138
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
A-12
COMPUTER VISION
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded
Planar Objects by a Two Steps
Processing – 158
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
Fast Image Segmentation for Some Machine
Vision Applications – 118
Flow-of-Activation Processing – 151
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match
Quality Measures for Model-Based Object
Recognition with Applications to Automatic
Target Recognition – 158
COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION
A Device Simulation Tool for High-
Voltage Bipolar Devices – 76
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular
Phone Systems During Disasters
– 46
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
Modeling of Concurrent Web Sessions
with Bounded Inconsistency in Shared
Data – 146
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo
Canceller – 47
Range Enhancement to Wide Area Multilateration
Processing – 9
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation
of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive
Processes – 173
Supercomputer Simulations Advance
Science – 123
COMPUTERS
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Enforcing Resource Sharing Agreements
Among Distributed Server Clusters
– 136
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
Ubiquitous Communications Technology
for Disaster Mitigation – 149
CONCAVITY
A Concavity Based Algorithm for the Recognition
of Partially Occluded
3-Dimensional Objects – 86
CONCRETES
Development of a Transducer for Measuring
Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge
Girders – 92
CONFERENCES
Proceedings of the Annual ONR/CADRC
Decision-Support Workshop (6th), Held
in Quantico, Virginia, on 8-9 Sep 2004.
Interoperability – 146
CONFIGURATIONS
Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic
Array Type Convolvers – 150
CONGRUENCES
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
CONSCIOUSNESS
Sustainability and Safety: The Complex
System Properties – 117
CONSOLES
Intelligent Security Console Architecture
– 136
CONSOLIDATION
BERG2 Micro-Computer Estimation of
Freeze and Thaw Depths and Thaw Consolidation
– 122
CONSTRUCTION
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
CONTEXT
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
CONTINGENCY
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
– 231
CONTINUOUS RADIATION
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class
CW Cryomodule – 213
CONTOURS
Active Contours for Multispectral Images
With Non-Homogeneous Sub-
Regions – 176
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded
Planar Objects by a Two Steps
Processing – 158
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
CONTRACTION
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114

CONTROL SURFACES
The Effect of Aerodynamic Surfaces Versus
Thrust Maneuvers on Reentry Vehicles
– 29
CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN
Stability of Adaptively Controlled
Systems- A Graphical Approach – 155
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control
with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line
Dead-Time Compensation – 51
CONTROL THEORY
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
On Several Variable Zero Sets and Application
to MIMO Feedback Stabilization
– 171
CONTROLLERS
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
Certification – 128
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable
Controllers – 180
Strategic Applications of Controller-
Assigned Airborne Separation
(CAAS) – 23
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
CONTROL
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using
Intelligent Composite Active Structures
(ADPICAS) – 34
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable
Controllers – 180
Mixed-Initiative Control of Robotic Systems
– 224
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
CONVERGENCE
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
Convergence in Neural Memories
– 139
Implementation of the Optimum Block
Adaptive Algorithm in the Frequency Domain
– 64
Iterative Speech Enhancement with
Spectral Constraints – 58
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo
Canceller – 47
Superconvergence in the Generalized Finite
Element Method – 168
Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS
Adaptive Algorithm – 74
COOLING
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
COORDINATION
On Models for Coordination of Activity
and It’s Disruption – 179
COPPER SELENIDES
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
COPPER
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics
& Astronautics, Volume 37, Number
5, October 2005 – 1
CORRECTION
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable
Controllers – 180
CORRELATION
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
Validation, Verification and Certification
of Embedded Systems – 127
COST ANALYSIS
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
COST EFFECTIVENESS
Aeronautical Network Research Simulator
(ANRS) – 24
The Business Case for SWIM – 15
COST ESTIMATES
A Novel Non-Orthogonal Joint Diagonalization
Cost Function for ICA – 166
COST REDUCTION
Transformational Cost Reduction for Airborne
Internet – 48
COSTS
A Novel Non-Orthogonal Joint Diagonalization
Cost Function for ICA – 166
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Why the Aspen Program Now? – 221
COUNTERMEASURES
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure
Overlay Networks – 138
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
COUNTING
On Counting the Number of Cycles in
Graphs – 177
COUPLERS
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
COVARIANCE
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
– 42
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently
Averaged Covariance Matrix for
the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources – 173
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
CRACK PROPAGATION
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
CRACK TIPS
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
CRAMER-RAO BOUNDS
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a
Class of Non-Gaussian Densities with
Application to Deconvolution – 172
CROSS CORRELATION
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
CROSSINGS
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
CRYOGENICS
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
CRYPTOGRAPHY
A Functional Cryptosystem Using a
Group Action – 46
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KA-
SUMI – 170
An Expansion Algorithm for Higher Order
Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key
Ciphers – 168
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for
Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
– 168
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural
Language Text – 169
CRYSTAL GROWTH
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
A-13

CRYSTAL SURFACES
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
CRYSTALLINITY
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
CRYSTALS
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
CULTURED CELLS
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
CURVES
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
CYCLES
New Normal-Forms for IIR Filter Realizations,
Based on Circulants and Skew-
Circulants – 65
On Counting the Number of Cycles in
Graphs – 177
DAMAGE
A Development of Experimental Environments
‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing
Internet Security Incidents – 138
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
DAMPING
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using
Intelligent Composite Active Structures
(ADPICAS) – 34
Damping Transverse Instabilities in the
Tevatron Using AC Chromaticity – 191
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
DARK CURRENT
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
DATA ACQUISITION
BTeV Trigger/DAQ Innovations – 188
From Astronomy to Zeus – 233
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected
FAA Weather Systems – 151
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
DATA BASES
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
A-14
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
Geographical databases based on satellite
images: Macedonia case – 93
Intelligent Security Console Architecture
– 136
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning
into Various Regional Phases
From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region – 102
DATA COMPRESSION
CompreX: XML Compression and the
Airborne Internet – 14
DATA LINKS
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
Aeronautical Data Link Road Map, An Air
Carrier Perspective – 3
Airborne Internet: Applications
Abound – 6
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
Short Range Surveillance Link for Close
Proximity Navigation During Closely
Spaced Parallel Approach – 18
SITA AIRCOM Datalink Implementation
Status – 12
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
DATA MANAGEMENT
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
DATA PROCESSING
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Dynamic Latch Design for VLSI Array
Processors – 127
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-
State Routing – 227
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Range Enhancement to Wide Area Multilateration
Processing – 9
Researches on Information Security in
NICT – 229
Silicon Quantum Information Processing
– 223
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
The National Water-Quality Assessment
Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System
(IDAS) Software: Version 3 (User’s
Manual) – 137
TREC-6 Interactive Track Report. Part 1:
Experimental Procedure and Initial Results
– 230
DATA RECORDING
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
DATA REDUCTION
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
DATA RETRIEVAL
Convergence in Neural Memories
– 139
DATA STORAGE
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
DATA STRUCTURES
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a
Tile Plane – 180
DATA SYSTEMS
Data Model and Relational Database Design
for the New Jersey Water-Transfer
Data System (NJWaTr) – 228
Techniques to Increase the Computational
Throughput of Bit-Serial Architectures
– 125
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
DATA TRANSMISSION
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
DEAD RECKONING
3D Posture Determination of a Wheeled
Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning
and Ultrasonic Measurements – 154
DECAY
Spectral Distribution and Damping Factors
Measurements of Musical Strings
using FFT Techniques – 203
DECISION MAKING
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via
SWIM – 15
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176

Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
RAND Review: Volume 29, Number 2,
Summer 2005 – 110
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
Automated Support Structured Troubleshooting
– 160
Coalition Information Assurance - Common
Operating Picture (CIA-
COP) – 226
Proceedings of the Annual ONR/CADRC
Decision-Support Workshop (6th), Held
in Quantico, Virginia, on 8-9 Sep 2004.
Interoperability – 146
DECODERS
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
DECODING
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
DECOMPOSITION
Development of a Novel Catalyst for No
Decomposition – 100
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
DEEP SPACE
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
DEFECTS
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
The Automatic Classification of the Welding
Defects – 86
DEFENSE PROGRAM
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
DEFORMATION
Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical
Fiber Grating Sensor – 212
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
DEGRADATION
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
DELAY LINES
VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate
Delay Measurements Under Transmission
Line Effects – 72
DELAY
A Practical Approach to Estimation of
Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a
Composite Signal in Non-White Gaussian
Noise – 204
Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed
Coefficient Adaptation – 165
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
Simple Model of Delayed Neutron Emission
– 202
DELTA MODULATION
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
DEMODULATION
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
DEPLETION
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar
Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
– 96
DEPLOYMENT
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
– 40
DEPOSITION
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
DEPTH
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
DESIGN ANALYSIS
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure
Overlay Networks – 138
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
On Several Variable Zero Sets and Application
to MIMO Feedback Stabilization
– 171
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured
Graphics – 135
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Multiobjective Design Optimization of
Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance
Of Micro-Compliant Mechanisms
– 38
DETECTION
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Biological Sensing with Terahertz Circular
Dichroism Spectroscopy – 211
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program
by Static Detection – 138
Characterizing Network Services through
Cluster-Set Variations – 122
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the Raid-M (Bruker Saxonia Analytik
GmbH Rapid Alarm and Identification
Device - Monitor) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 88
Efficient CFAR Detection of Line Segments
in a 2-D Image – 209
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting
Illegal Access – 148
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
Sensor Placement for Grid Coverage Under
Imprecise Detections – 89
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Top-Down Mechanism Design Study for
Multi-UAV Search and Surveillance
– 21
DETONATION
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials
to Higher Value Products – 34
DIAGNOSIS
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis
by Texture Analysis of Chest X-Ray Images
– 183
DIAMONDS
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
DICHROISM
Biological Sensing with Terahertz Circular
Dichroism Spectroscopy – 211
DICTIONARIES
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements
on Materials Under Stress – 61
A-15

DIELECTRICS
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
DIESEL ENGINES
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS
Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite
Impulse Response Adaptive Filters – 54
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KA-
SUMI – 170
An Expansion Algorithm for Higher Order
Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key
Ciphers – 168
Differential Operator Based Edge and
Line Detection – 165
Numerical Studies of Acoustic Propagation
in Shallow Water – 167
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for
Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
– 168
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
DIFFERENTIAL PULSE CODE MODULA-
TION
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
DIFFRACTION
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
DIFFUSION
Diffusion Due to Beam-Beam Resonances
in Hadron Colliders – 186
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
DIGITAL DATA
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
DIGITAL FILTERS
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR
Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection
of Identical Allpass Subfilters
– 70
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
Block Digital Filtering Via Incremental
Block State Structure – 171
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
A-16
Efficient Array Processing Structures for
Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters – 73
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
Minimization of Sensitivity of 2-D State-
Space Digital Filters and Its Relation to
2-D Balanced Realizations – 171
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo
Canceller – 47
Realization of Structurally LBR Digital
Allpass Networks – 71
DIGITAL SYSTEMS
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
A Reconfigurable Binary/RNS/LNS Architecture
for DSP – 126
A Split Control Store VLSI for 32 Kbps
ADPCM Transcoding – 125
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval Research
at the Center for Intelligent Information
Retrieval – 222
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
The Architecture and Application of the
Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor
Family – 130
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters
with Full Digital Programmability
– 66
Variant of the Chaum Voter-verifiable
Scheme – 122
DIGITAL TECHNIQUES
Hysteresis Signature and Its Related
Technologies to Maintain the Digital Evidence
for Network Activities in Future
Society – 150
DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
DIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENT
Dimensional Measurements of Three
Tubes by Computed Tomography – 83
DIMMING
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
DISASTERS
Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster
Relief: Are the National/International Coordinating
Agencies Capable of Fulfilling
the Mission? – 104
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular
Phone Systems During Disasters
– 46
Research and Development for Victims
Information Registration and Retrieval
System (IAA System) and its Application
to Natural Disasters – 229
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
Ubiquitous Communications Technology
for Disaster Mitigation – 149
DISCRETE FUNCTIONS
Discrete All-Pole Modeling for Voiced
Speech – 44
DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS (STATISTICS)
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule
Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral
Shaping – 173
DISPLAY DEVICES
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing
Condition on Attentional Issues with
Helmet Mounted Displays – 61
Strategic Applications of Controller-
Assigned Airborne Separation
(CAAS) – 23
DISSIPATION
Recent Science Highlights – 236
DISSOCIATION
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
DISTILLATION
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin
(GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD)
Vapor Challenge Testing of Commercial
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
– 116
DISTORTION
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule
Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral
Shaping – 173
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation
of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital
Converters – 67
Autocorrelation Distortion Function for
Improved AR Modeling – 60
Co-Channel Speech Separation – 41
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
DISTRIBUTED INTERACTIVE SIMULA-
TION
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
DISTRIBUTED MEMORY
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEMS
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Flow-of-Activation Processing – 151
DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132

Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
DIVERTERS
Annotated Bibliogrphry of EDGE2D
Use – 214
DOCUMENT MARKUP LANGUAGES
Airborne
Abound – 6
Internet: Applications
CompreX: XML Compression and the
Airborne Internet – 14
Semantic
Web – 147
Interoperability on the
DOCUMENTATION
Preparing PNNL Reports with La-
TeX – 230
DOCUMENTS
Beyond Threads: Identifying Discussions
in Email Archives – 147
Using Rhythms of Relationships to Understand
Email Archives – 146
DOMAINS
Quasihyperbolic Geodesics and Uniformity
in Elementary Domains – 181
DOSAGE
Numerical Study of On-Axis Dose Rate
from Ta and W Bremsstrahlung Converter
Targets – 199
DOWNLINKING
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
DRONE VEHICLES
Top-Down Mechanism Design Study for
Multi-UAV Search and Surveillance
– 21
DRUGS
Chemotherapeutics Targeting Immune
Activation by Staphylococcal Superantigens
– 106
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
DRYING
Dry Transfer Facility Criticality Safety
Calculations – 91
DUCTILITY
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
DUMMIES
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
DUST COLLECTORS
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103
DUST
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits
– 74
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
Characteristics, Nonlinearity of Statistical
Control and Relations with Dynamic
Game Theory – 176
Dynamic Programming Speech Recognition
Using a Context Free Grammar
– 157
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
DYNAMIC RANGE
A Methodology for Evaluating the Performance
of Dynamic Range Control Algorithms
for Speech Enhancement – 57
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation
of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital
Converters – 67
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
DYNAMIC TESTS
Results of and Adjustments to a Dynamic
Vision Test – 114
DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
ECONOMICS
Economic Markets as a Means of Open
Mobile-Agent Systems – 137
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
EDDY CURRENTS
FIONDA (Filtering Images Of Niobium
Disks Application) Filter Application for
Eddy Current Scanner Data Analysis
– 198
EDGE DETECTION
A New Heuristic Edge Extraction Technique
– 130
Aspects of Directional Filtering and Applications
in Image Processing – 85
Differential Operator Based Edge and
Line Detection – 165
EDGES
A New Heuristic Edge Extraction Technique
– 130
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
EDUCATION
An Analysis of Student Satisfaction in
Higher Education Courses Delivered Online
and in the Live Classroom – 220
An M+I+T++ Research Approach to
Network-Based Mobile Education
(NBME) and Teaching-Studying-
Learning Processes: Towards a Global
Metamodel – 124
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues
in Computer Science and Engineering,
Volume 1, No. 2 – 123
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible
and Exploratory Learning – 220
Proficiency and the Private Pilot – 1
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
EFFICIENCY
Observing Efficiency at Gemini Observatory
– 84
EIGENVALUES
New Normal-Forms for IIR Filter Realizations,
Based on Circulants and Skew-
Circulants – 65
On the Probability Density Function of
the LMS Adaptive Filter Weights – 172
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
– 64
EIGENVECTORS
CARMA Model Methods of Two-
Dimensional Shape Classification: An
Eigensystem
Norm – 166
Approach vs. the LP
On the Probability Density Function of
the LMS Adaptive Filter Weights – 172
ELECTRIC CURRENT
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1xNyAs1-y
Solar Cells – 192
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable
and Ultrafine Microstructures with
an Electric Field or Current – 184
ELECTRIC FIELDS
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable
and Ultrafine Microstructures with
an Electric Field or Current – 184
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
A-17

Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-
Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling
in Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control
with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line
Dead-Time Compensation – 51
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Electrotechnical Review – 53
ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
– 188
ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
ELECTROACOUSTICS
Cancellation of Acoustic Noise in a Pipe
Using Digital Adaptive Filters – 203
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike
Detector – 57
Suppression and Detection of Impulse
Type Interference Using Adaptive Median
Hybrid Filters – 57
ELECTROLYTES
Understanding Pseudo Electrolyte-Leak
Behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells – 37
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic
Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency
Range – 199
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
ELECTROMAGNETIC NOISE
Segmentation of Noisy Textured Images
Using Simulated Annealing – 59
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES
Feasibility Studies of New High Altitude
Electromagnetic Pulse Test Materials
– 183
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
A Trial of the Interception of Display
Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic
Wave – 149
A-18
ELECTROMAGNETISM
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for
Electromagnetic Analysis – 185
ELECTROMECHANICS
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues
in Computer Science and Engineering,
Volume 1, No. 2 – 123
ELECTRON ACCELERATORS
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
ELECTRON BEAMS
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
Single-Spin Beam Asymmetries in QED
and QCD – 193
ELECTRON EMISSION
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements
on Materials Under Stress – 61
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
ELECTRONIC COMMERCE
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent
Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
– 45
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
On Multi-Scale Differential Features for
Face Recognition – 80
ELECTRONIC MAIL
Beyond Threads: Identifying Discussions
in Email Archives – 147
Using Rhythms of Relationships to Understand
Email Archives – 146
ELECTRONICS
Implementing the Electronic Flight
Bag – 11
ELECTROPHORESIS
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
US Accelerator Contribution to the
LHC – 188
ELEVATION ANGLE
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array
Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a
Known Rotation – 43
ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES
GNIRS Unveils the Black Hole in Centaurus
A – 233
ELLIPTICITY
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
EMBEDDED COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Embedded Systems – 143
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
EMBEDDING
Certification – 128
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
Validation, Verification and Certification
of Embedded Systems – 127
EMERGENCIES
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
EMITTANCE
New Technique for Making Bright Proton
Bunches Using Barrier RF Systems
– 190
Space-Charge Transport Limits in Periodic
Channels – 200
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
– 188
EMPHYSEMA
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
ENCAPSULATING
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected
FAA Weather Systems – 151
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
ENCLOSURE
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
ENERGY CONSERVATION
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98

ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Energy Trends and Their Implications for
U.S. Army Installations – 93
ENERGY GAPS (SOLID STATE)
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT
Fundamental UNEX Chemistry – 33
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
Environmental Technology Verification
Report: Aisin Seiki 6.0 kW Natural Gas-
Fired Engine Cogeneration Unit – 100
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
ENZYMES
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
EPITHELIUM
Regulation of hTERT Expression and
Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+)
Human Mammary Epithelial Cell
Lines – 108
EQUATIONS OF STATE
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
EQUIVALENCE
Technical Equivalency Documentation
for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
– 123
ERROR ANALYSIS
Applications of Error Intensity Measures
to Bearing Estimation – 163
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits
– 67
Multipole Error Analysis Using Local
3-Bump Orbit Data in Fermilab Recycler
– 187
ERROR CORRECTING CODES
Error Detection and Authentication in
Quantum Key Distribution – 169
ERROR DETECTION CODES
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
ERRORS
Multipole Error Analysis Using Local
3-Bump Orbit Data in Fermilab Recycler
– 187
On the Extreme Accuracy of Maximum
Entropy Spectrum Estimation from an
Error-Free Autocorrelation Function
– 118
Some Properties of Prediction and Interpolation
Errors – 118
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
Texture Recognition Using Final-
Prediction-Error Criterion – 164
ESTIMATES
BERG2 Micro-Computer Estimation of
Freeze and Thaw Depths and Thaw Consolidation
– 122
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Objective Methods for Comparing Autoregressive
Order-Determining Criteria
– 119
Speech Spectral Segmentation for Spectral
Estimation and Formant Modeling
– 158
ESTIMATING
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
– 42
Estimation of Noise Variance from the
Noisy AR Signal and Its Applications in
Speech Enhancement – 55
New Algorithm for Estimating Optic Flow
for Low Level Vision Systems – 172
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
The Modeling and Segmentation of
Speckled Images – 163
ETHYL ALCOHOL
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
ETHYLENE
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
EVALUATION
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
EVAPORATION
I. Excluded Volume Effects in Ising Cluster
Distributions and Nuclear II. Multifragmentation.
Multiple Chance Effects in
Alpha-Particle Evaporation – 121
EXCITATION
Exciting Conditions for Quantized State
Adaptive Algorithms – 53
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
EXHAUST GASES
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel
Chemistry – 102
EXPERIMENT DESIGN
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
EXPERT SYSTEMS
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
Flow-of-Activation Processing – 151
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
EXPLOSIONS
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning
into Various Regional Phases
From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region – 102
EXPLOSIVES
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials
to Higher Value Products – 34
Energetic Materials Modeling for Rocket
Propulsion – 36
EXPOSURE
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
EXTRACTION
A New Heuristic Edge Extraction Technique
– 130
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
Linear Feature Extraction Based on an
AR Model Edge Detector – 129
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of
VLSI Circuits – 56
A-19

Scenario Customization for Information
Extraction – 227
EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
FABRICATION
A 15 Nanosecond Complex Multiplier-
Accumulator for FFTS – 124
Complexities of Layouts in Three-
Dimensional VLSI Circuits – 69
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
FACTORIZATION
On the Synthesizability of Multidimensional
Lossless Two-Ports – 171
FADING
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
FAILURE
Embedded Systems – 143
Exciting Conditions for Quantized State
Adaptive Algorithms – 53
Failure Model for a Leaking Nickel-
Hydrogen Cell – 93
FALSE ALARMS
Efficient CFAR Detection of Line Segments
in a 2-D Image – 209
FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMATIONS
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation
of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital
Converters – 67
Spectral Distribution and Damping Factors
Measurements of Musical Strings
using FFT Techniques – 203
FAULT DETECTION
Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits
– 67
FAULT TOLERANCE
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits
– 74
FEASIBILITY
Feasibility Studies of New High Altitude
Electromagnetic Pulse Test Materials
– 183
Feasibility Study of Beam-Beam Compensation
in the Tevatron with
Wires – 190
Structure of the Submarking Reachability
Problem and Network Programming
– 140
FEEDBACK CONTROL
Passivity-Based Boundary Control of a
Flexible-Link Gantry Robot – 153
FEEDBACK
Cancellation of Acoustic Noise in a Pipe
Using Digital Adaptive Filters – 203
A-20
Performance Calculation on Orbit feedback
for NSLS-II – 195
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
FEEDFORWARD CONTROL
53 MHz Beam Loading Compensation
for Slip Stacking in the Fermilab Main
Injector – 186
FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive
Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and
Hysteretic Regimes – 60
FERTILIZERS
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS
Active RC-Building Blocks for
MOSFET-C Integrated Filters – 64
FIGHTER AIRCRAFT
Practical Adaptive Noise Reduction in the
Aircraft Cockpit Environment – 19
FINITE DIFFERENCE THEORY
Numerical Studies of Acoustic Propagation
in Shallow Water – 167
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Superconvergence in the Generalized Finite
Element Method – 168
FIR FILTERS
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR
Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection
of Identical Allpass Subfilters
– 70
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation:
Data Supporting Standard Development
– 22
FIRES
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation:
Data Supporting Standard Development
– 22
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
FITTING
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the
Fermilab Booster – 29
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
– 197
FIXED WINGS
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
FLEXING
Multiobjective Design Optimization of
Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance
Of Micro-Compliant Mechanisms
– 38
FLIGHT CONTROL
Airborne Internet: Applications
Abound – 6
FLIGHT CREWS
RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches:
Concepts and Benefits – 3
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches:
Concepts and Benefits – 3
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
FLIGHT PATHS
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
FLIGHT PLANS
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15
FLIGHT SAFETY
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
Proficiency and the Private Pilot – 1
FLIGHT TESTS
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Instrument Rating: Practical Test Standards
for Airplane, Helicopter, Airship
– 24
FLOATING POINT ARITHMETIC
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
FLOW DISTRIBUTION
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via
SWIM – 15
FLOW MEASUREMENT
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85

FLUE GASES
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
FLUID DYNAMICS
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research
Annual Report 2005 – 202
FLUID FLOW
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic
Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing
with 3D CFD Model – 82
FLUIDICS
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture
Based on Two-Dimensional
Electrowetting Arrays – 62
FLUORESCENCE
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence
Microscopy and its Illumination Optics
– 212
FLY BY WIRE CONTROL
Embedded Systems – 143
FOCI
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient
Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
– 118
FORECASTING
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
FOREST MANAGEMENT
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
FORESTS
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
FORMAT
Preparing PNNL Reports with La-
TeX – 230
FORMULATIONS
On the Two Graph Minimum Modified
Nodal Formulation – 68
FOURIER TRANSFORMATION
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Chemical Vapor Identification Using
Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance
Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
– 167
Design and Implementation of Velocity
Filters Using Multichannel Array Processing
Techniques – 66
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
Reconstruction From Fourier Transform
Phase with Applications to Speech
Analysis – 119
FRACTALS
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
FRACTURING
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
FRAGMENTATION
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation
Line Beam Dump Concept
– 123
FREE FLOW
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
FREEZING
BERG2 Micro-Computer Estimation of
Freeze and Thaw Depths and Thaw Consolidation
– 122
FREQUENCIES
A New Approach to Noise-Robust
LPC – 54
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive
Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
– 208
Design and Implementation of Velocity
Filters Using Multichannel Array Processing
Techniques – 66
Discrete All-Pole Modeling for Voiced
Speech – 44
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
High Resolution Frequency Analysis of
Voices-Feature Extraction of Nasal Consonants
– 204
OCF-A New Coding Algorithm for High
Quality Sound Signals – 207
On the Extreme Accuracy of Maximum
Entropy Spectrum Estimation from an
Error-Free Autocorrelation Function
– 118
FREQUENCY CONTROL
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Power System Load Frequency Control
by Genetic Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controller
– 181
FREQUENCY CONVERTERS
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS
A Fast QR/Frequency-Domain RLS
Adaptive Filter – 164
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
Implementation of the Optimum Block
Adaptive Algorithm in the Frequency Domain
– 64
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares
Adaptive Algorithms – 163
FREQUENCY HOPPING
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization
in Multipath Channels for Frequency
Hopping Communications – 88
FREQUENCY RANGES
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic
Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency
Range – 199
FREQUENCY SHIFT
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization
in Multipath Channels for Frequency
Hopping Communications – 88
FRICTION
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
FUEL CELLS
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
FUEL SPRAYS
Real-Time Analysis of Fuel Spray Images
– 81
FUELS
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel
Chemistry – 102
FUNCTION SPACE
ON HYPERBOLIC Q CLASSES – 117
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
Verification and Validation: Current and
Best Practice – 128
FUNCTIONALS
Dry Transfer Facility Criticality Safety
Calculations – 91
FUZZY SYSTEMS
Risk Reduction with a Fuzzy Expert Exploration
Tool – 121
GABOR FILTERS
Texture Segmentation Using a Class of
Narrowband Filters – 209
GALACTIC CLUSTERS
Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini
Observatory – 232
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
– 232
GALACTIC EVOLUTION
GNIRS Unveils the Black Hole in Centaurus
A – 233
GALAXIES
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
– 232
GALILEO SPACECRAFT
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
A-21

GALLIUM ARSENIDES
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
GALLIUM NITRIDES
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
GALLIUM PHOSPHIDES
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
GAME THEORY
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Characteristics, Nonlinearity of Statistical
Control and Relations with Dynamic
Game Theory – 176
GANTRY CRANES
Passivity-Based Boundary Control of a
Flexible-Link Gantry Robot – 153
GAS GIANT PLANETS
Gemini Focuses on New Kuiper Belt
Worlds – 85
GAS LASERS
Diagnostic Testing and NIKE Experiments
– 90
GAS TEMPERATURE
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
GAS TURBINES
Characterization of the Global Hawk Low
Pressure Turbine First Rotor – 81
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
GEMINI PROJECT
From Astronomy to Zeus – 233
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini
Observatory – 232
Gemini Focuses on New Kuiper Belt
Worlds – 85
Gemini Queue Operations & Completion
Rates – 84
Gemini South Astronomer Brings Young
Stars Into Focus – 234
Gemini: The First Five Years – 84
A-22
Observing Efficiency at Gemini Observatory
– 84
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey
(GDPS) – 235
GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT
Instrument Rating: Practical Test Standards
for Airplane, Helicopter, Airship
– 24
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
GENERATORS
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using
Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
– 71
GENES
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
GENETIC ALGORITHMS
Power System Load Frequency Control
by Genetic Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controller
– 181
GENETICS
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
GEODESIC LINES
Quasihyperbolic Geodesics and Uniformity
in Elementary Domains – 181
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
GEOMETRY
ON HYPERBOLIC Q CLASSES – 117
GETTERS
DPB Hydrogen Getters on Pd (110) Its
Action and the Effect of Impurities – 37
NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2
Magnets – 185
GHOSTS
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related
Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray
Optics with a Long Trace Profiler – 193
GIRDERS
Development of a Transducer for Measuring
Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge
Girders – 92
GLASS
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
An Integrated Global CNS System – 13
Civil GPS Systems and Potential Vulnerabilities
– 30
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
(IRNSS) Concept – 32
Integrated GPS/eLoran Systems – 4
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
GLOW DISCHARGES
Effects of Boundary Layer Flow Control
Using Plasma Actuator Discharges
– 184
GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
GRADIENTS
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron
Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
– 191
GRAIN BOUNDARIES
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
GRAMMARS
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Dynamic Programming Speech Recognition
Using a Context Free Grammar
– 157
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
GRAPH THEORY
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
On Counting the Number of Cycles in
Graphs – 177
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
GRAPHS (CHARTS)
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to
Functional Pipelining – 67
On Counting the Number of Cycles in
Graphs – 177
On Generalized Feussner’s Principle in a
Two-graph – 120
On the Two Graph Minimum Modified
Nodal Formulation – 68
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
GRAY SCALE
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale
Images Using Global Similarity – 223
GRID COMPUTING (COMPUTER NET-
WORKS)
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132

GROUND EFFECT (AERODYNAMICS)
Experimental Investigation of a Lift Augmented
Ground Effect Platform – 20
GROUND EFFECT MACHINES
Experimental Investigation of a Lift Augmented
Ground Effect Platform – 20
GROUND OPERATIONAL SUPPORT
SYSTEM
Spacecraft In-Orbit Operations through
Multi-Mission Ground Software – 32
GROUND STATIONS
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
GROUP THEORY
A Functional Cryptosystem Using a
Group Action – 46
GYROSCOPES
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum
Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
– 214
HADRONS
Diffusion Due to Beam-Beam Resonances
in Hadron Colliders – 186
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
Theory and Reality of Beam-Beam Effects
at Hadron Colliders – 189
US Accelerator Contribution to the
LHC – 188
HALON
Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation:
Data Supporting Standard Development
– 22
HANDBOOKS
Handbook of Physical Constants and
Functions for Use in Atmospheric Boundary
Layer Studies – 82
HARDWARE-IN-THE-LOOP SIMULATION
Design of Adaptive Electronic Hybrid for
Digital Subscriber Loops – 127
HEALTH
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
HEARING
OCF-A New Coding Algorithm for High
Quality Sound Signals – 207
HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
HEATING
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
HEAVY IONS
Stopping and Baryon Transport in Heavy
Ion Reactions – 195
HELICOPTERS
Experimental Investigation of a Lift Augmented
Ground Effect Platform – 20
Instrument Rating: Practical Test Standards
for Airplane, Helicopter, Airship
– 24
HELMET MOUNTED DISPLAYS
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing
Condition on Attentional Issues with
Helmet Mounted Displays – 61
HEMORRHAGES
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
HERMITIAN POLYNOMIAL
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
HETEROGENEITY
An Optimal Network-Based Approach to
Scheduling and Re-Rostering Continuous
Heterogeneous Workforces – 178
HETEROJUNCTION DEVICES
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
HETEROJUNCTIONS
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
HEURISTIC METHODS
A New Heuristic Edge Extraction Technique
– 130
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Linear Feature Extraction Based on an
AR Model Edge Detector – 129
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
HIERARCHIES
Dynamic Ontologies on the Web – 136
Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement
Learning – 159
Learning Hierarchical Models of Activity
– 222
HIGH ALTITUDE TESTS
Feasibility Studies of New High Altitude
Electromagnetic Pulse Test Materials
– 183
HIGH ALTITUDE
Feasibility Studies of New High Altitude
Electromagnetic Pulse Test Materials
– 183
HIGH ENERGY INTERACTIONS
BTeV Trigger/DAQ Innovations – 188
HIGH FREQUENCIES
The Evolution of Test Heads in High
Frequency VLSI Test Systems – 72
HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGES
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
HIGH RESOLUTION
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
High Resolution Multipath Time Delay
Estimation for Broadband Random Signals
– 204
High Resolution Time Delay Estimation
– 174
HIGH SPEED
A 15 Nanosecond Complex Multiplier-
Accumulator for FFTS – 124
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
HIGH TEMPERATURE
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
HIGH VOLTAGES
A Device Simulation Tool for High-
Voltage Bipolar Devices – 76
HINGES
Multiobjective Design Optimization of
Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance
Of Micro-Compliant Mechanisms
– 38
HISTOGRAMS
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram
Processor – 86
HISTORIES
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
HOVERING
Large-Eddy Simulation of the Tip-Flow of
a Rotor in Hover – 1
HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention
of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems:
A Randomized Controlled
Trial – 108
HUMAN PERFORMANCE
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering
Talker in Co-Channel
Speech – 59
HUMAN RELATIONS
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
A-23

HUMAN RESOURCES
The Management of Personnel Collaboration
for the Improvement of Multidisciplinary
Projects – 221
HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERFACE
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
HURRICANES
Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster
Relief: Are the National/International Coordinating
Agencies Capable of Fulfilling
the Mission? – 104
HYDRIDES
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
HYDROCARBONS
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
HYDROGEN OXYGEN FUEL CELLS
A Micro Hydrogen Air Fuel Cell – 99
HYDROGEN
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
DPB Hydrogen Getters on Pd (110) Its
Action and the Effect of Impurities – 37
Failure Model for a Leaking Nickel-
Hydrogen Cell – 93
Numerical Simulation of Hydrogen Assisted
Cracking in Supermartensitic
Stainless Steel Welds – 38
Understanding Pseudo Electrolyte-Leak
Behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells – 37
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
ON HYPERBOLIC Q CLASSES – 117
HYPOTHESES
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress
on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in
Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine
Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination
of the Gateway Hypothesis
– 109
HYSTERESIS
Hysteresis Signature and Its Related
Technologies to Maintain the Digital Evidence
for Network Activities in Future
Society – 150
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive
Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and
Hysteretic Regimes – 60
A-24
ICE FORMATION
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
ICE
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
IDENTIFYING
Beyond Threads: Identifying Discussions
in Email Archives – 147
IDENTITIES
Practical Markov Logic Containing First-
Order Quantifiers With Application to
Identity Uncertainty – 175
IGNITION
Status of Optical Coatings for the National
Ignition Facility – 215
IIR FILTERS
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
Block Digital Filtering Via Incremental
Block State Structure – 171
Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite
Impulse Response Adaptive Filters – 54
New Normal-Forms for IIR Filter Realizations,
Based on Circulants and Skew-
Circulants – 65
ILLUMINATING
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
ILLUMINATION
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence
Microscopy and its Illumination Optics
– 212
IMAGE ANALYSIS
New Algorithm for Estimating Optic Flow
for Low Level Vision Systems – 172
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
Unified Approach for Low Level Image
Analysis – 158
IMAGE CONTRAST
Fast Image Segmentation for Some Machine
Vision Applications – 118
IMAGE PROCESSING
A Method of Acquiring 3-D Data of an
Object from Stereo Images – 85
Aspects of Directional Filtering and Applications
in Image Processing – 85
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing
Condition on Attentional Issues with
Helmet Mounted Displays – 61
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85
The Automatic Classification of the Welding
Defects – 86
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION
A New Algorithm for Maximum Entropy
Image Reconstruction – 203
IMAGE RESOLUTION
A Hierarchical Representation of Random
Waveforms by Scale-Space Filtering
– 87
IMAGERY
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Some Applications of Mathematical Morphology
to Range Imagery – 181
IMAGES
A Trial of the Interception of Display
Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic
Wave – 149
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
Coalition Information Assurance - Common
Operating Picture (CIA-
COP) – 226
Efficient CFAR Detection of Line Segments
in a 2-D Image – 209
Segmentation of Noisy Images Modelled
by Markov Random Fields with Gibbs
Distribution – 205
The Modeling and Segmentation of
Speckled Images – 163
IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Fast Image Segmentation for Some Machine
Vision Applications – 118
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
Snapshot-Imaging Spectropolarimeter
– 40
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
IMMUNITY
Chemotherapeutics Targeting Immune
Activation by Staphylococcal Superantigens
– 106
IMPACT PREDICTION
Limited Characterization of the SPADS
Radar System, Project ‘START’ – 20

IMPACT TESTS
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
IMPEDANCE
Chromaticity and Impedance Effect on
the Transverse Motion of Longitudinal
Bunch Slices in the Tevatron – 217
Impedance of Finite Length Resistor
– 79
IMPULSES
Suppression and Detection of Impulse
Type Interference Using Adaptive Median
Hybrid Filters – 57
IMPURITIES
DPB Hydrogen Getters on Pd (110) Its
Action and the Effect of Impurities – 37
IN VITRO METHODS AND TESTS
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the
Fermilab Booster – 29
INDIA
Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume
15, No. 2, July 2005 – 32
INDIUM COMPOUNDS
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
INDIUM GALLIUM ARSENIDES
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
INDUCTION MOTORS
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
Embedded Systems – 143
INDUSTRIES
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
INFERENCE
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
INFORMATION ANALYSIS
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
INFORMATION FLOW
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral
Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach
– 150
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to
Functional Pipelining – 67
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Airborne Internet: Applications
Abound – 6
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via
SWIM – 15
Global Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance Systems Program -
Progress and Plans – 40
Mixed-Initiative Control of Robotic Systems
– 224
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Enables
an Agile National Airspace System
- SWIM Provides the Pipeline Services
– 15
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15
The Business Case for SWIM – 15
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) System Wide Information Management
(SWIM) Program – 7
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval Research
at the Center for Intelligent Information
Retrieval – 222
Multi-Modal Retrieval of Trademark Images
Using Global Similarity – 223
Optimal Mixture Models in IR – 224
Research and Development for Victims
Information Registration and Retrieval
System (IAA System) and its Application
to Natural Disasters – 229
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale
Images Using Global Similarity – 223
Scenario Customization for Information
Extraction – 227
Searching the Web with SHOE – 225
Statistical Language Modeling for Information
Retrieval – 224
Subgroup Membership Problem and Its
Applications to Information Security
– 168
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
TREC-6 Interactive Track Report. Part 1:
Experimental Procedure and Initial Results
– 230
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
– 217
An M+I+T++ Research Approach to
Network-Based Mobile Education
(NBME) and Teaching-Studying-
Learning Processes: Towards a Global
Metamodel – 124
CUPIDS: Increasing Information System
Security Through the Use of Dedicated
Co-Processing – 226
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
From Astronomy to Zeus – 233
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible
and Exploratory Learning – 220
Researches on Information Security in
NICT – 229
Strategies for Reducing Driver Distraction
from In-Vehicle Telematics Devices:
A Discussion Document – 51
INFORMATION THEORY
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
– 217
A Model of Managerial Effectiveness in
Information Security: From Grounded
Theory to Empirical Test – 222
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
INFORMATION TRANSFER
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
INFORMATION
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance
Situation Awareness – 160
INFRARED DETECTORS
Chemical Vapor Identification Using
Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance
Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
– 167
Nano-Patterned Quantum Structures for
Infrared Detection – 89
INFRARED RADIATION
Modeling the Infrared Intensity of a Large
Commerical Aircraft – 2
INFRARED SIGNATURES
Modeling the Infrared Intensity of a Large
Commerical Aircraft – 2
A-25

INFRARED SPECTRA
Chemical Vapor Identification Using
Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance
Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
– 167
INFRARED TELESCOPES
Gemini: The First Five Years – 84
Recent Science Highlights – 236
INFRASONIC FREQUENCIES
Evidence for an Infrasound
Waveguide – 210
INJECTION
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
INJECTORS
53 MHz Beam Loading Compensation
for Slip Stacking in the Fermilab Main
Injector – 186
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
INJURIES
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
INSPECTION
Research and Development for Victims
Information Registration and Retrieval
System (IAA System) and its Application
to Natural Disasters – 229
INSTALLING
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) Industry Engagement – 24
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed
Tolerance Design Centering Based on a
Modified Simplex Method – 67
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
Complexities of Layouts in Three-
Dimensional VLSI Circuits – 69
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
Integrated Circuit Structures for Processing
Man-Machine Interaction – 73
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of
VLSI Circuits – 56
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block
Layout – 69
A-26
INTEGRATORS
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator
Loop OTA Filter Structures
– 72
INTELLIGENCE
State and Local Intelligence Fusion Centers:
An Evaluative Approach in Modeling
a State Fusion Center – 222
INTELLIGIBILITY
Co-Channel Speech Separation – 41
Diagnostic Information from Subjective
and Objective Intelligibility Tests – 205
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering
Talker in Co-Channel
Speech – 59
INTERACTIVE CONTROL
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
INTERCEPTION
A Trial of the Interception of Display
Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic
Wave – 149
INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCIES
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Environmental Technology Verification
Report: Aisin Seiki 6.0 kW Natural Gas-
Fired Engine Cogeneration Unit – 100
INTERNET RESOURCES
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible
and Exploratory Learning – 220
INTERNETS
A Development of Experimental Environments
‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing
Internet Security Incidents – 138
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Airborne Internet: Applications
Abound – 6
Airborne Internet Consortium Background
– 10
Airborne Internet Consortium Forum
– 9
CompreX: XML Compression and the
Airborne Internet – 14
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
Dynamic Ontologies on the Web – 136
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
Modeling of Concurrent Web Sessions
with Bounded Inconsistency in Shared
Data – 146
Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations
– 161
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected
FAA Weather Systems – 151
Research and Development for Victims
Information Registration and Retrieval
System (IAA System) and its Application
to Natural Disasters – 229
Researches on Information Security in
NICT – 229
Searching the Web with SHOE – 225
Selective Routing for the Mobile IP LAN
Protocol – 144
Transformational Cost Reduction for Airborne
Internet – 48
INTEROPERABILITY
Advanced Wireless Integrated Navy Network
- AWINN – 62
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
Certification – 128
Proceedings of the Annual ONR/CADRC
Decision-Support Workshop (6th), Held
in Quantico, Virginia, on 8-9 Sep 2004.
Interoperability – 146
Semantic Interoperability on the
Web – 147
INTERPOLATION
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Some Properties of Prediction and Interpolation
Errors – 118
The Spherical Interpolation Method for
Closed-Form Passive Source Localization
using Range Difference Measurements
– 163
INTRUSION
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
CUPIDS: Increasing Information System
Security Through the Use of Dedicated
Co-Processing – 226
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion
Prevention Systems
(HIPS) – 140
INVERTEBRATES
The National Water-Quality Assessment
Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System
(IDAS) Software: Version 3 (User’s
Manual) – 137
INVERTED CONVERTERS (DC TO AC)
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
ION BEAMS
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200

ION MOBILITY SPECTROSCOPY
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the IMS20000 (trademark)
(Bruker Daltonics GmbH Ion Mobility
Spectrometer 2000) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 82
IONIZATION
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
IONS
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
IRAQ
American Carrier Air Power at the Dawn
of a New Century – 21
IRRADIATION
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
ISING MODEL
I. Excluded Volume Effects in Ising Cluster
Distributions and Nuclear II. Multifragmentation.
Multiple Chance Effects in
Alpha-Particle Evaporation – 121
ISOTOPES
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation
Line Beam Dump Concept
– 123
ISRO
Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume
15, No. 2, July 2005 – 32
ITERATION
A Procedure for a Chip Floorplanning
– 73
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate
Integration Scheme for Circuit
Simulation – 76
Sensitivity Analysis of PWL Circuits
– 76
Syllable-based Segment-Hypotheses
Generation in Fluently Spoken Speech
Using Gross Articulatory Features
– 154
JAMMERS
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization
in Multipath Channels for Frequency
Hopping Communications – 88
JAMMING
Civil GPS Systems and Potential Vulnerabilities
– 30
KALMAN FILTERS
A Speech Enhancement Method Based
on Kalman Filtering – 43
KERNEL FUNCTIONS
Polymorphous Computing Architecture
(PCA) Kernel-Level Benchmarks – 131
KINEMATICS
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
KINETICS
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
KITS
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for
M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera
System) – 63
KLYSTRONS
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements
on Materials Under Stress – 61
KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS
Gemini Publications: Growth and Impact
– 231
Knowledge Based Object Detection Using
SAR Images – 43
KOLMOGOROV THEORY
Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue
Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy
– 112
KUIPER BELT
Gemini Focus: Newsletter of the Gemini
Observatory – 232
Gemini Focuses on New Kuiper Belt
Worlds – 85
LABYRINTH SEALS
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
LAMINAR FLOW
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
LAMINATES
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics
& Astronautics, Volume 37, Number
5, October 2005 – 1
LANDAU DAMPING
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail
Instability at Tevatron – 189
LANGEVIN FORMULA
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
LANGUAGES
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
LARGE EDDY SIMULATION
Large-Eddy Simulation of the Tip-Flow of
a Rotor in Hover – 1
LASER APPLICATIONS
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
LASER PLASMAS
Diagnostic Testing
ments – 90
and NIKE Experi-
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
LASERS
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
LATCHES
Dynamic Latch Design for VLSI Array
Processors – 127
LATITUDE
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
LATTICES
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
LAUNCHERS
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
LAW (JURISPRUDENCE)
State and Local Intelligence Fusion Centers:
An Evaluative Approach in Modeling
a State Fusion Center – 222
LAYOUTS
Compaction with Performance Optimization
– 69
Complexities of Layouts in Three-
Dimensional VLSI Circuits – 69
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention
of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems:
A Randomized Controlled
Trial – 108
LEADERSHIP
The Management of Personnel Collaboration
for the Improvement of Multidisciplinary
Projects – 221
LEAKAGE
Failure Model for a Leaking Nickel-
Hydrogen Cell – 93
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
Understanding Pseudo Electrolyte-Leak
Behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells – 37
LEARNING THEORY
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
LEARNING
Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement
Learning – 159
Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement
Learning – 166
Learning Hierarchical Models of Activity
– 222
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
LEAST SQUARES METHOD
A Fast QR/Frequency-Domain RLS
Adaptive Filter – 164
A-27

Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed
Coefficient Adaptation – 165
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive
Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
– 208
Continuous-Time Least-Squares Fast
Transversal Filters – 156
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares
Adaptive Algorithms – 163
Stabilization of Fast Recursive Least-
Squares Transversal Filters for Adaptive
Filtering – 164
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High
Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
– 74
Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS
Adaptive Algorithm – 74
LENTICULAR BODIES
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
– 232
LEVITATION
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
LIBRARIES
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval Research
at the Center for Intelligent Information
Retrieval – 222
LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Sustainability and Safety: The Complex
System Properties – 117
LIGHT SOURCES
Control of Dynamic Aperture for Synchronton
Light Sources – 191
Performance Calculation on Orbit feedback
for NSLS-II – 195
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts:
Light and Matter – 201
LINE SPECTRA
On the Extreme Accuracy of Maximum
Entropy Spectrum Estimation from an
Error-Free Autocorrelation Function
– 118
LINEAR ACCELERATORS
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
A-28
LINEAR ARRAYS
A Flexible Linear Array Oriented VLSI
Processor for Continuous Speech Recognition
– 125
LINEAR CIRCUITS
Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits
– 67
Sensitivity Analysis of PWL Circuits
– 76
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical
Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear
Resistor – 79
LINEAR FILTERS
A Fast Transversal Filter for Adaptive
Line Enhancement – 42
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
LINEAR PREDICTION
A New Approach to Noise-Robust
LPC – 54
An Analysis of Finite Precision Effects for
the Autocorrelation Method and Burg’s
Method of Linear Prediction – 60
Enhancement of Block-Coded
Speech – 58
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech
Analysis – 119
Some Properties of Prediction and Interpolation
Errors – 118
Texture Recognition Using Final-
Prediction-Error Criterion – 164
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed
Tolerance Design Centering Based on a
Modified Simplex Method – 67
A New Relative Placement Procedure
Based on MSST and Linear Programming
– 65
An Optimal Network-Based Approach to
Scheduling and Re-Rostering Continuous
Heterogeneous Workforces – 178
Linear Feature Extraction Based on an
AR Model Edge Detector – 129
Structure of the Submarking Reachability
Problem and Network Programming
– 140
LINEAR SYSTEMS
Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits
– 67
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
LINEARITY
High Linearity Wideband Coherent Amplitude
Modulation (AM) Radio Frequency
(RF)-Photonic Links – 63
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control
with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line
Dead-Time Compensation – 51
LINGUISTICS
Breaking the Resource Bottleneck for
Multilingual Parsing – 135
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
LIQUID HELIUM
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
LOADS (FORCES)
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
Load Latency Tolerance in Dynamically
Scheduled Processors – 126
LOCAL AREA NETWORKS
Selective Routing for the Mobile IP LAN
Protocol – 144
LOOPS
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable
Controllers – 180
Design of Adaptive Electronic Hybrid for
Digital Subscriber Loops – 127
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to
Functional Pipelining – 67
LORAN
Integrated GPS/eLoran Systems – 4
LOSSY MEDIA
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
LOUDSPEAKERS
Expansion of Listening Area with Good
Localization in Audio Conferencing
– 208
LOW EARTH ORBITS
Spacecraft In-Orbit Operations through
Multi-Mission Ground Software – 32
LOW PRESSURE
Characterization of the Global Hawk Low
Pressure Turbine First Rotor – 81
LOW SPEED
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
LOW TEMPERATURE
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
LUBRICANTS
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered
MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
– 91
LUMINOSITY
Characterizing Luminosity Evolution in
the Tevatron – 187
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
– 197

MACHINE LEARNING
Reducing Labeling Effort for Structured
Prediction Tasks – 180
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology
for Agent Technology – 161
MACINTOSH PERSONAL COMPUTERS
VLSI System Design Using a Macintosh
Personal Computer – 65
MAGNESIUM
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
MAGNETIC FIELDS
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
MAGNETIC FILMS
Microwave Solitons and Precessional
Dynamics in Magnetic Thin Films
-Physics and Devices – 62
MAGNETIC SHIELDING
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic
Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency
Range – 199
MAGNETOSTRICTION
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive
Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and
Hysteretic Regimes – 60
MAGNETS
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator
Magnets – 197
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186
NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2
Magnets – 185
New Correction Magnet Package for the
FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron – 198
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
MAINTENANCE
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Automated Support Structured Troubleshooting
– 160
MAMMARY GLANDS
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
Regulation of hTERT Expression and
Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+)
Human Mammary Epithelial Cell
Lines – 108
MAN MACHINE SYSTEMS
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
Integrated Circuit Structures for Processing
Man-Machine Interaction – 73
Mixed-Initiative Control of Robotic Systems
– 224
Re-Using
cies – 159
Schematic Grasping Poli-
MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
MANAGEMENT METHODS
Fundamental UNEX Chemistry – 33
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance
Situation Awareness – 160
Technetium Chemistry in Waste Environments
– 33
MANAGEMENT PLANNING
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
MANEUVERABLE REENTRY BODIES
Investigation of the Performance Characteristics
of Re-Entry Vehicles – 29
The Effect of Aerodynamic Surfaces Versus
Thrust Maneuvers on Reentry Vehicles
– 29
MANIPULATORS
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
MANPOWER
An Optimal Network-Based Approach to
Scheduling and Re-Rostering Continuous
Heterogeneous Workforces – 178
MANUALS
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User
Manual – 131
MANUFACTURING
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
Development of Automated Production
Line Processes for Solar Brightfield Modules.
Annual Technical Progress Report 1
January 2003-30 June 2004 – 196
MAPPING
A Survey of Photon Mapping for Realistic
Image Synthesis – 92
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms
of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on
to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays – 70
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
MAPS
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible
and Exploratory Learning – 220
MARKET RESEARCH
Economic Markets as a Means of Open
Mobile-Agent Systems – 137
MARKETING
Economic Markets as a Means of Open
Mobile-Agent Systems – 137
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent
Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
– 45
MARKOV CHAINS
Continuous Speech Recognition by
Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov
Model – 206
MARKOV PROCESSES
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
– 217
Explicit Time Correlation in Hidden
Markov Models for Speech Recognition
– 155
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Learning Hierarchical Models of Activity
– 222
Practical Markov Logic Containing First-
Order Quantifiers With Application to
Identity Uncertainty – 175
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
MARTENSITE
Numerical Simulation of Hydrogen Assisted
Cracking in Supermartensitic
Stainless Steel Welds – 38
MASKS
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of
VLSI Circuits – 56
Protection Factor Testing of the 3M
Breathe Easy (BE-10) Powered Air Purifying
Respirator (PAPR) – 116
The Advantages of Using a Negative
Pressure Respirator Hood. Guidance on
the Use of Hoods with Chemical Protective
Respirators and Chemical Protective
Suits – 116
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
A-29

MATCHED FILTERS
Simplified Class 1 Matched Detection
Filters Using Generalized Transforms
– 71
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
A Fast Transversal Filter for Adaptive
Line Enhancement – 42
A New Algorithm for Maximum Entropy
Image Reconstruction – 203
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
An Improved Building Block Model for
Placement Using Simulated Annealing
– 74
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Applications of Error Intensity Measures
to Bearing Estimation – 163
CODECS: An Object-Oriented Mixed-
Level Circuit and Device Simulator – 70
Efficient CFAR Detection of Line Segments
in a 2-D Image – 209
Explicit Time Correlation in Hidden
Markov Models for Speech Recognition
– 155
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
High Resolution Multipath Time Delay
Estimation for Broadband Random Signals
– 204
Minimum Distance Queries for Polygonal
and Parametric Models – 182
Modeling of Concurrent Web Sessions
with Bounded Inconsistency in Shared
Data – 146
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Optimal Mixture Models in IR – 224
A-30
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired
Effects – 175
Segmentation of Noisy Textured Images
Using Simulated Annealing – 59
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
Sensor Modeling and Multi-Sensor Data
Fusion – 230
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
Single Spin Asymmetries: from JLab12 to
EIC – 193
Single Target Spin Asymmetries and
GPDs – 193
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Stability Analysis for Discrete Two-
Dimensional Systems – 170
Statistical Language Modeling for Information
Retrieval – 224
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
The Modeling and Segmentation of
Speckled Images – 163
Unified Approach for Low Level Image
Analysis – 158
VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate
Delay Measurements Under Transmission
Line Effects – 72
MATRICES (CIRCUITS)
On the Two Graph Minimum Modified
Nodal Formulation – 68
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks
with Reduced Rank Components – 77
MATRICES (MATHEMATICS)
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
– 42
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
Extended Matrix Formulation for the
Marple Algorithm – 119
New Normal-Forms for IIR Filter Realizations,
Based on Circulants and Skew-
Circulants – 65
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently
Averaged Covariance Matrix for
the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources – 173
On the Synthesizability of Multidimensional
Lossless Two-Ports – 171
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
MATRIX METHODS
Extended Matrix Formulation for the
Marple Algorithm – 119
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the
Fermilab Booster – 29
MATRIX THEORY
Fast Algorithms for QR and Cholesky
Factors of Toeplitz Operators – 161
MAXIMUM ENTROPY METHOD
A New Algorithm for Maximum Entropy
Image Reconstruction – 203
On the Extreme Accuracy of Maximum
Entropy Spectrum Estimation from an
Error-Free
tion – 118
Autocorrelation Func-
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATES
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
– 217
A Practical Approach to Estimation of
Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a
Composite Signal in Non-White Gaussian
Noise – 204
Applications of Error Intensity Measures
to Bearing Estimation – 163
Continuous Speech Recognition by
Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov
Model – 206
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
Iterative Speech Enhancement with
Spectral Constraints – 58
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a
Class of Non-Gaussian Densities with
Application to Deconvolution – 172
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based
on the EM Algorithm – 55
The Spherical Interpolation Method for
Closed-Form Passive Source Localization
using Range Difference Measurements
– 163
MEAN SQUARE VALUES
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
– 42
Assessment of Finite Precision Limitations
in LMS and BLMS Adaptive Algorithms
– 55
Enhancement of Block-Coded
Speech – 58
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares
Adaptive Algorithms – 163
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High
Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
– 74
Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS
Adaptive Algorithm – 74
MEASUREMENT
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User
Manual – 131
MECHANICAL DRIVES
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
MEDICAL SERVICES
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
MEMORY (COMPUTERS)
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
MEMORY
Convergence in Neural Memories
– 139
MENTAL HEALTH
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
MENTAL PERFORMANCE
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
MESSAGE PROCESSING
Intelligent Security Console Architecture
– 136
MESSAGES
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15
METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
METAL VAPORS
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
METALLICITY
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
METALLIZING
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
METASTABLE STATE
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable
and Ultrafine Microstructures with
an Electric Field or Current – 184
METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected
FAA Weather Systems – 151
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
METEOROLOGICAL RADAR
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
METHANE
Recent Science Highlights – 236
METHODOLOGY
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block
Layout – 69
METHYL ALCOHOL
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
METRIC SPACE
Representing Lattice Ordered Associative
Memories with Artificial Neural Networks
– 151
METROLOGY
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related
Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray
Optics with a Long Trace Profiler – 193
MICE
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
MICROCHANNEL PLATES
Diagnostic Testing and NIKE Experiments
– 90
MICROCOMPUTERS
BERG2 Micro-Computer Estimation of
Freeze and Thaw Depths and Thaw Consolidation
– 122
MICROELECTRONICS
A Micro Hydrogen Air Fuel Cell – 99
MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture
Based on Two-Dimensional
Electrowetting Arrays – 62
MICROGRAVITY
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
MICROINSTRUMENTATION
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
MICROORGANISMS
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms
on Space Structural Materials
in Space – 113
MICROPHONES
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based
on the EM Algorithm – 55
MICROPROCESSORS
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
Integrated Circuit Structures for Processing
Man-Machine Interaction – 73
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
MICROSCOPES
The Virtual Microscope – 142
MICROSCOPY
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence
Microscopy and its Illumination Optics
– 212
MICROSTRUCTURE
Multiobjective Design Optimization of
Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance
Of Micro-Compliant Mechanisms
– 38
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable
and Ultrafine Microstructures with
an Electric Field or Current – 184
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures
by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
– 200
MICROWAVES
Microwave Solitons and Precessional
Dynamics in Magnetic Thin Films
-Physics and Devices – 62
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements
on Materials Under Stress – 61
MIDDLE EAST
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning
into Various Regional Phases
From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region – 102
MILITARY AIRCRAFT
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
MILITARY AVIATION
American Carrier Air Power at the Dawn
of a New Century – 21
MILITARY OPERATIONS
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Solar: A Pervasive-Computing Infrastructure
for Context-Aware Mobile Applications
– 132
MILITARY PERSONNEL
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
Successful Nutrition and Health Interventions
to Obtain and Maintain an Optimal
Availability of Soldiers – 105
A-31

MILITARY TECHNOLOGY
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
MIMO (CONTROL SYSTEMS)
On Several Variable Zero Sets and Application
to MIMO Feedback Stabilization
– 171
MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular
Phone Systems During Disasters
– 46
MOBILITY
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
MODELS
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Data Model and Relational Database Design
for the New Jersey Water-Transfer
Data System (NJWaTr) – 228
Failure Model for a Leaking Nickel-
Hydrogen Cell – 93
MODULARITY
A Functional Cryptosystem Using a
Group Action – 46
MODULATION
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron
Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
– 191
MODULATORS
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
MODULES
Compaction with Performance Optimization
– 69
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
Development of Automated Production
Line Processes for Solar Brightfield Modules.
Annual Technical Progress Report 1
January 2003-30 June 2004 – 196
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV
Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term
Market-Competitive PV Modules – 216
MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar
Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
– 96
MOLECULAR GASES
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDES
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered
MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
– 91
A-32
MOMENTUM TRANSFER
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum
Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
– 214
MONITORS
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor
Front-End Software – 186
MONKEYS
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
MONOPOLES
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
MONTE CARLO METHOD
Monte Carlo of Tevatron Operations, Including
the Recycler – 187
MORPHOLOGY
Pattern Spectrum of Images and Morphological
Shape-Size Complexity
– 105
Some Applications of Mathematical Morphology
to Range Imagery – 181
MULTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION
Design and Implementation of Velocity
Filters Using Multichannel Array Processing
Techniques – 66
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval Research
at the Center for Intelligent Information
Retrieval – 222
MULTIPATH TRANSMISSION
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Passive Ranging in Multipath-Dominated
Environment – 210
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization
in Multipath Channels for Frequency
Hopping Communications – 88
MULTIPLICATION
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
MULTIPOLES
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for
Electromagnetic Analysis – 185
Multipole Error Analysis Using Local
3-Bump Orbit Data in Fermilab Recycler
– 187
MULTIPROCESSING (COMPUTERS)
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
MULTISENSOR FUSION
Sensor Modeling and Multi-Sensor Data
Fusion – 230
State and Local Intelligence Fusion Centers:
An Evaluative Approach in Modeling
a State Fusion Center – 222
MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule
Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral
Shaping – 173
MUSCLES
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
MUSCULAR FUNCTION
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral
Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach
– 150
NANOSTRUCTURES (DEVICES)
Nano-Patterned Quantum Structures for
Infrared Detection – 89
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
NARROWBAND
Incorporated Robustness in Narrowband
Signal Subspace Spatial Spectral Estimators
– 42
Texture Segmentation Using a Class of
Narrowband Filters – 209
NASA PROGRAMS
Implementing the Electronic Flight
Bag – 11
Secure Key Management for NASA
Space Communication – 31
NASTRAN
Simulation of Piezoelectric Effect in Nastran:
Experimental and Analytical Estimation
of Dynamic Response of a Circular
Plate – 141
NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM
Aeronautical Data Link Road Map, An Air
Carrier Perspective – 3
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via
SWIM – 15
Defining Command, Control, and Communications
(C3) for Unmanned Aircraft
Systems (UAS) – 30
Integration of Airport Surface Communication
Systems – 50
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Enables
an Agile National Airspace System
- SWIM Provides the Pipeline Services
– 15

Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures
of Voice Communications System
Performance – 41
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) System Wide Information Management
(SWIM) Program – 7
NATIONAL AVIATION SYSTEM
Role of Multi-Mode Multi-Function Digital
Avionics in the Future NAS – 26
NATURAL GAS
Environmental Technology Verification
Report: Aisin Seiki 6.0 kW Natural Gas-
Fired Engine Cogeneration Unit – 100
NATURAL LANGUAGE (COMPUTERS)
Scenario Customization for Information
Extraction – 227
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural
Language Text – 169
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
NAVIGATION AIDS
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
NAVIGATION SATELLITES
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
(IRNSS) Concept – 32
NAVIGATION
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Global Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance Systems Program -
Progress and Plans – 40
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches:
Concepts and Benefits – 3
Short Range Surveillance Link for Close
Proximity Navigation During Closely
Spaced Parallel Approach – 18
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15
The Business Case for SWIM – 15
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) Industry Engagement – 24
NAVY
Advanced Wireless Integrated Navy Network
- AWINN – 62
NEAR INFRARED RADIATION
Gemini South Astronomer Brings Young
Stars Into Focus – 234
NIFS Sees First Light – 234
NETWORK ANALYSIS
Distributed Adaptive Operations: Command
& Control of Networked-enabled
Forces,Geographically Dispersed – 50
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
Systems Methodology to Defining Surface
Network Architecture – 50
NETWORKS
Evaluation of IPv6 Services for Future
Aviation Networks – 12
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-
State Routing – 227
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
NEURAL NETS
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
Neural Network of the Auditory System:
Influence of the Temporal Context on the
Response Represented by a Random
Field – 208
Representing Lattice Ordered Associative
Memories with Artificial Neural Networks
– 151
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
NEURONS
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
The Role of Layer 4 in Thalamocortical
Development – 106
NEUTRON EMISSION
Simple Model of Delayed Neutron Emission
– 202
NEW ENGLAND (US)
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
NICOTINE
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress
on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in
Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine
Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination
of the Gateway Hypothesis
– 109
NIOBIUM
FIONDA (Filtering Images Of Niobium
Disks Application) Filter Application for
Eddy Current Scanner Data Analysis
– 198
NITRIC OXIDE
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
NITROGEN OXIDES
Development of a Novel Catalyst for No
Decomposition – 100
NITROGEN
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the
Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar
Cells – 216
NODES (STANDING WAVES)
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
NOISE REDUCTION
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft
Communication Systems – 10
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Enhancement of Block-Coded
Speech – 58
Practical Adaptive Noise Reduction in the
Aircraft Cockpit Environment – 19
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive
Army Filtering – 208
NOISE (SOUND)
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule
Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral
Shaping – 173
Segmentation of Noisy Images Modelled
by Markov Random Fields with Gibbs
Distribution – 205
NOISE SPECTRA
Fitting Noncausal Autoregressive Signal
Plus Noise Models to Noisy Non-
Gaussian Linear Processes – 43
NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTS
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft
Maintenance Personnel Performing
Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
– 114
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
NONLINEAR EQUATIONS
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
A-33

NONLINEAR FILTERS
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR
Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection
of Identical Allpass Subfilters
– 70
Active RC-Building Blocks for
MOSFET-C Integrated Filters – 64
Efficient Array Processing Structures for
Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters – 73
Suppression and Detection of Impulse
Type Interference Using Adaptive Median
Hybrid Filters – 57
NONLINEAR SYSTEMS
Characteristics, Nonlinearity of Statistical
Control and Relations with Dynamic
Game Theory – 176
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
– 64
Subharmonic Bifurcation, Stability and
Chaos – 79
NONLINEARITY
Characteristics, Nonlinearity of Statistical
Control and Relations with Dynamic
Game Theory – 176
Non-Linear Adaptive Signal Processor
– 177
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive
Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and
Hysteretic Regimes – 60
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
NORMAL DENSITY FUNCTIONS
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech
Analysis – 119
NUCLEAR PARTICLES
Chromaticity and Impedance Effect on
the Transverse Motion of Longitudinal
Bunch Slices in the Tevatron – 217
NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts:
Nuclear Physics – 201
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Embedded Systems – 143
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Constraints Analysis for Oversampling
A-to-D Converter Structures on VLSI
Implementation – 64
Laboratory and Numerical Studies of the
Effects of Shear on 3-D Vortex Evolution
– 166
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
On Identification of Non-Gaussian Time
Series – 162
NUMERICAL STABILITY
Stabilization of Fast Recursive Least-
Squares Transversal Filters for Adaptive
Filtering – 164
A-34
NUTRITION
Successful Nutrition and Health Interventions
to Obtain and Maintain an Optimal
Availability of Soldiers – 105
OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
CODECS: An Object-Oriented Mixed-
Level Circuit and Device Simulator – 70
OBSERVATORIES
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
NOAO/NSO Newsletter: Issue 83 – 231
NOAO/NSO Newsletter: Issue 84 – 232
Observing Efficiency at Gemini Observatory
– 84
OCEANS
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
OIL EXPLORATION
Risk Reduction with a Fuzzy Expert Exploration
Tool – 121
ON-LINE SYSTEMS
An Analysis of Student Satisfaction in
Higher Education Courses Delivered Online
and in the Live Classroom – 220
Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations
– 161
OPERATING COSTS
ESCAN – 49
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
Constraints Analysis for Oversampling
A-to-D Converter Structures on VLSI
Implementation – 64
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator
Loop OTA Filter Structures
– 72
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Structure of the Submarking Reachability
Problem and Network Programming
– 140
OPERATORS
Fast Algorithms for QR and Cholesky
Factors of Toeplitz Operators – 161
OPTICAL COMMUNICATION
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
OPTICAL FIBERS
Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical
Fiber Grating Sensor – 212
OPTICAL MEASUREMENT
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
OPTICAL THICKNESS
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
OPTICAL TRACKING
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
OPTICAL TRANSITION
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
OPTICS
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence
Microscopy
tics – 212
and its Illumination Op-
OPTIMIZATION
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
A Procedure for a Chip Floorplanning
– 73
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Automatic Parallelization: An Incremental,
Optimistic, Practical Approach
– 141
Characteristics, Nonlinearity of Statistical
Control and Relations with Dynamic
Game Theory – 176
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral
Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach
– 150
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Minimization of Sensitivity of 2-D State-
Space Digital Filters and Its Relation to
2-D Balanced Realizations – 171
Optimal Mixture Models in IR – 224
Optimized Command and Control Architectures
for Improved Process and Performance
– 45
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired
Effects – 175
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block
Layout – 69
ORGANIZATIONS
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45

Airborne Internet Consortium Background
– 10
Airborne Internet Consortium Forum
– 9
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations
– 161
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired
Effects – 175
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
ORTHOGONAL FUNCTIONS
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo
Canceller – 47
OSCILLATIONS
Chaotic Oscillations in a Forced Second
Order Circuit Containing a Piecewise-
Linear Capacitor – 71
OSCILLATORS
Subharmonic Bifurcation, Stability and
Chaos – 79
OXIDE FILMS
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
OXIDES
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
P-3 AIRCRAFT
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
PACKAGING
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
PARALLEL COMPUTERS
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Performance Technology for Tera-Class
Parallel Computers: Evolution of the TAU
Performance System – 122
PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS)
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
Automatic Parallelization: An Incremental,
Optimistic, Practical Approach
– 141
Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic
Array Type Convolvers – 150
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Performance Technology for Tera-Class
Parallel Computers: Evolution of the TAU
Performance System – 122
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Serial/Parallel Architectures for Area-
Efficient Vector Multiplication – 129
PARALLEL PROGRAMMING
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION
Fitting Noncausal Autoregressive Signal
Plus Noise Models to Noisy Non-
Gaussian Linear Processes – 43
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
PARAMETERIZATION
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram
Processor – 86
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Minimum Distance Queries for Polygonal
and Parametric Models – 182
PARITY
On the Finest Classification of All the
Common Trees in a Two-Graph: Approach
by a Matroid with Parity Structure
– 68
PARSING ALGORITHMS
Breaking the Resource Bottleneck for
Multilingual Parsing – 135
PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron
Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
– 191
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and
Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole
Families at Tevatron – 189
Characterizing Luminosity Evolution in
the Tevatron – 187
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class
CW Cryomodule – 213
Damping Transverse Instabilities in the
Tevatron Using AC Chromaticity – 191
Diffusion Due to Beam-Beam Resonances
in Hadron Colliders – 186
Feasibility Study of Beam-Beam Compensation
in the Tevatron with
Wires – 190
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
– 197
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail
Instability at Tevatron – 189
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186
Monte Carlo of Tevatron Operations, Including
the Recycler – 187
NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2
Magnets – 185
New Technique for Making Bright Proton
Bunches Using Barrier RF Systems
– 190
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor
Front-End Software – 186
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
– 188
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
PARTICLE BEAMS
Iso-Adiabatic Merging of Pbar Stacks in
the Fermilab Recycler – 190
PARTICLE PRODUCTION
BRAHMS Overview Ramiro Debbe for
the BRAHMS Collaboration – 192
PARTICLE THEORY
BRAHMS Overview Ramiro Debbe for
the BRAHMS Collaboration – 192
PARTONS
Single Target Spin Asymmetries and
GPDs – 193
PASSENGER AIRCRAFT
Communications-Supported Concepts
for Highjacked Aircraft – 49
PASSIVITY
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
PATENT APPLICATIONS
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable
Controllers – 180
PATROLS
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
PATTERN RECOGNITION
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match
Quality Measures for Model-Based Object
Recognition with Applications to Automatic
Target Recognition – 158
A-35

Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
On Multi-Scale Differential Features for
Face Recognition – 80
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
PENETRATION
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
PERFORMANCE TESTS
Aeronautical Network Research Simulator
(ANRS) – 24
Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing
Environment – 152
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits
– 74
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
PERIOD DOUBLING
Period-doubling Bifurcation and Chaos in
a Constrained Circuit – 78
PERIODICALS
Electrotechnical Review – 53
PERSONAL COMPUTERS
A Trial of the Interception of Display
Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic
Wave – 149
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention
of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems:
A Randomized Controlled
Trial – 108
PERSONNEL
An Optimal Network-Based Approach to
Scheduling and Re-Rostering Continuous
Heterogeneous Workforces – 178
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
The Management of Personnel Collaboration
for the Improvement of Multidisciplinary
Projects – 221
PHARMACOLOGY
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress
on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in
Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine
Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination
of the Gateway Hypothesis
– 109
A-36
PHASED ARRAYS
ESCAN – 49
PHONEMES
A Stochastic Segment Model for
Phoneme-Based Continuous
Speech – 162
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
Diagnostic Information from Subjective
and Objective Intelligibility Tests – 205
Phoneme Classification for Real Time
Speech Recognition of Italian – 154
PHONETICS
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
Continuous Speech Recognition by
Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov
Model – 206
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Phoneme Classification for Real Time
Speech Recognition of Italian – 154
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Syllable-based Segment-Hypotheses
Generation in Fluently Spoken Speech
Using Gross Articulatory Features
– 154
The Lexical Access Component of the
CMU Continuous Speech Recognition
System – 155
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
PHONONS
Semiconductor Coherent Control – 61
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
PHOTOMETERS
Nano-Patterned Quantum Structures for
Infrared Detection – 89
PHOTONICS
High Linearity Wideband Coherent Amplitude
Modulation (AM) Radio Frequency
(RF)-Photonic Links – 63
PHOTONS
A Survey of Photon Mapping for Realistic
Image Synthesis – 92
Observing Efficiency at Gemini Observatory
– 84
PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
PHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
Development of Automated Production
Line Processes for Solar Brightfield Modules.
Annual Technical Progress Report 1
January 2003-30 June 2004 – 196
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW
Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing
System – 194
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV
Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term
Market-Competitive PV Modules – 216
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
Trust But Verity: Procedures to Achieve
Accurate Efficiency Measurements for All
Photovoltaic Technologies – 216
PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECT
Performance Parameters for Grid-
Connected PV Systems – 97
PHYSIOLOGY
Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue
Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy
– 112
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52

PIEZOELECTRICITY
Simulation of Piezoelectric Effect in Nastran:
Experimental and Analytical Estimation
of Dynamic Response of a Circular
Plate – 141
PILOT RATINGS
Instrument Rating: Practical Test Standards
for Airplane, Helicopter, Airship
– 24
PILOTLESS AIRCRAFT
Defining Command, Control, and Communications
(C3) for Unmanned Aircraft
Systems (UAS) – 30
PIPELINING (COMPUTERS)
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to
Functional Pipelining – 67
PIXELS
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
PLANET DETECTION
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey
(GDPS) – 235
PLANETARY SURFACES
NIFS Sees First Light – 234
PLANETARY SYSTEMS
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey
(GDPS) – 235
PLANNING
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Solar: A Pervasive-Computing Infrastructure
for Context-Aware Mobile Applications
– 132
PLANTING
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
PLASMA CONTROL
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum
Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
– 214
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
PLASMA JETS
Effects of Boundary Layer Flow Control
Using Plasma Actuator Discharges
– 184
PLASMA WAVES
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
PLASMAS (PHYSICS)
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum
Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
– 214
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
PLUMES
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel
Chemistry – 102
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
PLUTONIUM 239
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
P-N JUNCTIONS
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized
by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
– 79
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
POINT SOURCES
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
POLAR COORDINATES
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
POLARIMETERS
Snapshot-Imaging Spectropolarimeter
– 40
POLARITY
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
POLICIES
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
Gemini Publications: Growth and Impact
– 231
RAND Review: Volume 29, Number 2,
Summer 2005 – 110
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
Ubiquitous Communications Technology
for Disaster Mitigation – 149
POLLUTION CONTROL
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
POLYCRYSTALS
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV
Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term
Market-Competitive PV Modules – 216
POLYGONS
Minimum Distance Queries for Polygonal
and Parametric Models – 182
POLYMORPHISM
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
Polymorphous Computing Architecture
(PCA) Kernel-Level Benchmarks – 131
POLYNOMIALS
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
POPULATIONS
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
POSITION (LOCATION)
Expansion of Listening Area with Good
Localization in Audio Conferencing
– 208
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite
Impulse Response Adaptive Filters – 54
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization
in Multipath Channels for Frequency
Hopping Communications – 88
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric
Operations – 140
POSITIONING
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using
Intelligent Composite Active Structures
(ADPICAS) – 34
PRECISION
An Analysis of Finite Precision Effects for
the Autocorrelation Method and Burg’s
Method of Linear Prediction – 60
PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech
Analysis – 119
PREDICTIONS
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
Objective Methods for Comparing Autoregressive
Order-Determining Criteria
– 119
A-37

Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
Validation, Verification and Certification
of Embedded Systems – 127
PREPROCESSING
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a
Tile Plane – 180
Real-Time Analysis of Fuel Spray Images
– 81
PRESSURE VESSELS
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
PREVENTION
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion
Prevention Systems
(HIPS) – 140
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention
of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems:
A Randomized Controlled
Trial – 108
PRINTING
Direct Write Contacts for Solar
Cells – 95
PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTIONS
Active Contours for Multispectral Images
With Non-Homogeneous Sub-
Regions – 176
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
PROBABILITY
TIONS
DISTRIBUTION FUNC-
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach
ing – 217
for Hidden Markov Model-
Non-Linear
sor – 177
Adaptive Signal Proces-
PROBABILITY THEORY
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a
Class of Non-Gaussian Densities with
Application to Deconvolution – 172
New Algorithm for Estimating Optic Flow
for Low Level Vision Systems – 172
On the Probability Density Function of
the LMS Adaptive Filter Weights – 172
Statistical Language Modeling for Information
Retrieval – 224
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation
of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive
Processes – 173
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
PROBLEM SOLVING
Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement
Learning – 166
Superconvergence in the Generalized Finite
Element Method – 168
A-38
PROCUREMENT
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
PRODUCTIVITY
Gemini Publications: Growth and Impact
– 231
PROGRAM VERIFICATION (COMPUT-
ERS)
Validation and Usability Analysis of Intelligent
Systems: An Integrated Approach
– 160
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Dynamic Ontologies on the Web – 136
Embedded Systems – 143
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
Semantic Interoperability on the
Web – 147
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric
Operations – 140
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
PROGRAMS
Why the Aspen Program Now? – 221
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Secure Key Management for NASA
Space Communication – 31
The Management of Personnel Collaboration
for the Improvement of Multidisciplinary
Projects – 221
PROPULSION
Energetic Materials Modeling for Rocket
Propulsion – 36
PROTECTION
A Development of Experimental Environments
‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing
Internet Security Incidents – 138
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion
Prevention Systems
(HIPS) – 140
Protection Factor Testing of the 3M
Breathe Easy (BE-10) Powered Air Purifying
Respirator (PAPR) – 116
PROTEINS
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
PROTOCOL (COMPUTERS)
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
Certification – 128
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-
State Routing – 227
Selective Routing for the Mobile IP LAN
Protocol – 144
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric
Operations – 140
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
PROTON BEAMS
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
PROTON-ANTIPROTON INTERACTIONS
New Technique for Making Bright Proton
Bunches Using Barrier RF Systems
– 190
PROTONS
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
New Technique for Making Bright Proton
Bunches Using Barrier RF Systems
– 190
PROTOTYPES
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8
PROVING
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Verification and Validation: Current and
Best Practice – 128
PUBLIC HEALTH
Successful Nutrition and Health Interventions
to Obtain and Maintain an Optimal
Availability of Soldiers – 105
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
PULSE COMMUNICATION
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
– 11
Role of Multi-Mode Multi-Function Digital
Avionics in the Future NAS – 26
PULSE DURATION
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
PULSED LASERS
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
QUADRATURES
A VLSI Sigma-Delta Waveform Generator
for a Quadrature Type CPM Transmitter
– 77

QUADRUPOLES
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron
Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
– 191
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures
by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
– 200
QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS
Single-Spin Beam Asymmetries in QED
and QCD – 193
QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
Error Detection and Authentication in
Quantum Key Distribution – 169
QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS
Single-Spin Beam Asymmetries in QED
and QCD – 193
QUANTUM MECHANICS
Computational Aspects of Quadratic Signal
Processing – 69
QUANTUM THEORY
New Graduate Student for Silicon QC
Project – 37
Silicon Quantum Information Processing
– 223
RADAR APPROACH CONTROL
Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures
of Voice Communications System
Performance – 41
RADAR DATA
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
RADAR IMAGERY
Knowledge Based Object Detection Using
SAR Images – 43
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of
Weather Radar Reflectivity Images
– 86
RADAR TRANSMISSION
Semi-Annual Technical Report for the
Common Affordable Radar Processor
(CARP) – 153
RADAR
Limited Characterization of the SPADS
Radar System, Project ‘START’ – 20
RADIATION BELTS
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
RADIATION DETECTORS
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
RADIATION INJURIES
TestingofWW-85 – 110
RADIO COMMUNICATION
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
– 11
RADIO EQUIPMENT
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
RADIO FREQUENCIES
53 MHz Beam Loading Compensation
for Slip Stacking in the Fermilab Main
Injector – 186
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
ESCAN – 49
High Linearity Wideband Coherent Amplitude
Modulation (AM) Radio Frequency
(RF)-Photonic Links – 63
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular
Phone Systems During Disasters
– 46
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25
New Technique for Making Bright Proton
Bunches Using Barrier RF Systems
– 190
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
Canister Handling Facility Criticality
Safety Calculations – 101
Dry Transfer Facility Criticality Safety
Calculations – 91
RADON
Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
Assessment of Raman Spectroscopy as
a Silicone Pad Production Diagnostic
– 38
RANDOM NOISE
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
RANDOM SIGNALS
High Resolution Multipath Time Delay
Estimation for Broadband Random Signals
– 204
Neural Network of the Auditory System:
Influence of the Temporal Context on the
Response Represented by a Random
Field – 208
RANDOM VARIABLES
A Conditional Random Field for
Discriminatively-Trained Finite-State
String Edit Distance – 225
RATES (PER TIME)
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
RATIOS
Quasihyperbolic Geodesics and Uniformity
in Elementary Domains – 181
RATS
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress
on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in
Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine
Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination
of the Gateway Hypothesis
– 109
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
REACTION KINETICS
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
REAL TIME OPERATION
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
DynTG: A Tool for Interactive, Dynamic
Instrumentation – 122
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-
Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling
in Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
Real-Time Analysis of Fuel Spray Images
– 81
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive
Army Filtering – 208
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
RECEIVERS
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
RECONFIGURABLE HARDWARE
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for
Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
– 168
RECONNAISSANCE
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance
Situation Awareness – 160
A-39

RECURSIVE FUNCTIONS
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
RED SHIFT
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
– 232
REDUNDANCY
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
REENTRY VEHICLES
Investigation of the Performance Characteristics
of Re-Entry Vehicles – 29
The Effect of Aerodynamic Surfaces Versus
Thrust Maneuvers on Reentry Vehicles
– 29
REFLECTANCE
Chemical Vapor Identification Using
Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance
Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
– 167
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of
Weather
ages – 86
Radar Reflectivity Im-
REGULATIONS
Standards – 39
RELATIONAL DATA BASES
Data Model and Relational Database Design
for the New Jersey Water-Transfer
Data System (NJWaTr) – 228
RELAXATION METHOD (MATHEMATICS)
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate
Integration Scheme for Circuit
Simulation – 76
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
RELIABILITY ANALYSIS
DynTG: A Tool for Interactive, Dynamic
Instrumentation – 122
Performance Analysis of Multidimensional
Block State-Space Models – 170
Performance Technology for Tera-Class
Parallel Computers: Evolution of the TAU
Performance System – 122
RELIABILITY
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW
Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing
System – 194
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
RELOCATION
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
REMOTE CONSOLES
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
A-40
REMOTE CONTROL
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
Where’s the Remote Control? It’s Time
for Virtual Justice: A Proposal to Amend
the Rules of Court-Martial to Allow for
Testimony by Video Teleconference
– 87
REMOTE SENSING
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW
Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing
System – 194
REQUIREMENTS
Conclusions and Recommendations
– 39
RESCUE OPERATIONS
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
– 40
Supercomputer Simulations Advance
Science – 123
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
RESEARCH MANAGEMENT
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
RESEARCH
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
RESISTORS
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
Impedance of Finite Length Resistor
– 79
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical
Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear
Resistor – 79
RESONANT FREQUENCIES
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral
Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach
– 150
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
The Management of Personnel Collaboration
for the Improvement of Multidisciplinary
Projects – 221
RESPIRATORS
Protection Factor Testing of the 3M
Breathe Easy (BE-10) Powered Air Purifying
Respirator (PAPR) – 116
The Advantages of Using a Negative
Pressure Respirator Hood. Guidance on
the Use of Hoods with Chemical Protective
Respirators and Chemical Protective
Suits – 116
RESTORATION
Segmentation of Noisy Images Modelled
by Markov Random Fields with Gibbs
Distribution – 205
REVERSE ENGINEERING
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
RIGID STRUCTURES
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
RISK
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
Risk Reduction with a Fuzzy Expert Exploration
Tool – 121
RIVERS
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
ROBOT CONTROL
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
ROBOTICS
Mixed-Initiative Control of Robotic Systems
– 224
ROBOTS
3D Posture Determination of a Wheeled
Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning
and Ultrasonic Measurements – 154
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded
Planar Objects by a Two Steps
Processing – 158
Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement
Learning – 159
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
Passivity-Based Boundary Control of a
Flexible-Link Gantry Robot – 153
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159

Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
ROBUSTNESS (MATHEMATICS)
Incorporated Robustness in Narrowband
Signal Subspace Spatial Spectral Estimators
– 42
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech
Analysis – 119
ROCKET EXHAUST
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel
Chemistry – 102
ROCKET PROPELLANTS
Energetic Materials Modeling for Rocket
Propulsion – 36
ROOT-MEAN-SQUARE ERRORS
Objective Methods for Comparing Autoregressive
Order-Determining Criteria
– 119
ROOTS OF EQUATIONS
Characterizing V2G Filtered Images by
Their Zero Crossings – 182
ROTARY WING AIRCRAFT
Dynamic Analysis of Sliding Friction in
Rotorcraft Geared Systems – 184
ROTATION
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array
Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a
Known Rotation – 43
ROTOR SPEED
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
ROTORS
Characterization of the Global Hawk Low
Pressure Turbine First Rotor – 81
Large-Eddy Simulation of the Tip-Flow of
a Rotor in Hover – 1
ROUTES
The New Future Needs for CNS-ATM: An
Airline Perspective – 11
RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
RUNWAYS
Departure Exclusion Zone (DEZ) -aFuture
Concept to Enhance Runway Operations
Using Aircraft Derived Data – 9
SABOTAGE
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
SAFETY FACTORS
Standards – 39
SAFETY
Canister Handling Facility Criticality
Safety Calculations – 101
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Dry Transfer Facility Criticality Safety
Calculations – 91
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
Relationship of Air Traffic Control Specialist
Age to En Route Operational Errors
– 10
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
Sustainability and Safety: The Complex
System Properties – 117
SANDWICH STRUCTURES
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
SITA AIRCOM Datalink Implementation
Status – 12
SATELLITE IMAGERY
Geographical databases based on satellite
images: Macedonia case – 93
SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
Journal of Spacecraft Technology, Volume
15, No. 2, July 2005 – 32
SATELLITE ORBITS
Spacecraft In-Orbit Operations through
Multi-Mission Ground Software – 32
SATELLITE TRACKING
ESCAN – 49
SCENE GENERATION
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
SCHEDULING
An Optimal Network-Based Approach to
Scheduling and Re-Rostering Continuous
Heterogeneous Workforces – 178
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Gemini Queue Operations & Completion
Rates – 84
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-
Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling
in Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
SCIENCE
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts: Astrophysics
– 235
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts:
Light and Matter – 201
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts:
Nuclear Physics – 201
SEALING
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic
Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing
with 3D CFD Model – 82
SEALS (STOPPERS)
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
SEAS
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
SEATS
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
SECONDARY EMISSION
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements
on Materials Under Stress – 61
SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROM-
ETRY
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures
by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
– 200
SECONDARY RADAR
The Right Radar Backup for ADS-
B – 48
SECURITY
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
A Model of Managerial Effectiveness in
Information Security: From Grounded
Theory to Empirical Test – 222
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
Communications-Supported Concepts
for Highjacked Aircraft – 49
CUPIDS: Increasing Information System
Security Through the Use of Dedicated
Co-Processing – 226
Finding Solution to the Illegal Access in
RFID – 229
Information Security for the Aviation
Community: A Personal Perspective – 6
Intelligent Security Console Architecture
– 136
Researches on Information Security in
NICT – 229
Subgroup Membership Problem and Its
Applications to Information Security
– 168
SEGMENTS
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded
Planar Objects by a Two Steps
Processing – 158
Fast Image Segmentation for Some Machine
Vision Applications – 118
On the Automatic Segmentation of
Speech Signals – 157
Segmentation of Noisy Textured Images
Using Simulated Annealing – 59
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
Speech Spectral Segmentation for Spectral
Estimation and Formant Modeling
– 158
A-41

Texture Segmentation Using a Class of
Narrowband Filters – 209
SEISMIC ENERGY
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning
into Various Regional Phases
From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region – 102
SEISMIC WAVES
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning
into Various Regional Phases
From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region – 102
SEISMOLOGY
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
SELENIDES
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
SEMANTICS
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
Semantic Interoperability on the
Web – 147
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
SEMICONDUCTORS (MATERIALS)
Semiconductor Coherent Control – 61
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
Sensitivity Analysis of PWL Circuits
– 76
SENSITIVITY
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
SENSORS
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical
Fiber Grating Sensor – 212
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
SENTENCES
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
SEPARATION
Strategic Applications of Controller-
Assigned Airborne Separation
(CAAS) – 23
SEPARATORS
Strategic Applications of Controller-
Assigned Airborne Separation
(CAAS) – 23
SEQUENCING
A Connected Speech Recognition System
Based on Spotting Diphone-Like
Segments - Preliminary Results – 218
A-42
SERIES (MATHEMATICS)
Serial/Parallel Architectures for Area-
Efficient Vector Multiplication – 129
SEX
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress
on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in
Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine
Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination
of the Gateway Hypothesis
– 109
SHAFTS (MACHINE ELEMENTS)
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
SHALLOW WATER
Numerical Studies of Acoustic Propagation
in Shallow Water – 167
SHAPES
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
CARMA Model Methods of Two-
Dimensional Shape Classification: An
Eigensystem Approach vs. the LP
Norm – 166
Comparison of Alternative Devices to Determine
Aggregate Shape – 195
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient
Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
– 118
Pattern Spectrum of Images and Morphological
Shape-Size Complexity
– 105
SHEAR PROPERTIES
Laboratory and Numerical Studies of the
Effects of Shear on 3-D Vortex Evolution
– 166
SHIELDING
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
SHIPS
Automated Support Structured Troubleshooting
– 160
SHOES
Searching the Web with SHOE – 225
Semantic
Web – 147
Interoperability on the
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENTS
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
SIGNAL ANALYSIS
A Practical Approach to Estimation of
Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a
Composite Signal in Non-White Gaussian
Noise – 204
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering
Talker in Co-Channel
Speech – 59
SIGNAL ANALYZERS
A Quadratic Residue Processor for Complex
DSP Applications – 207
A Split Control Store VLSI for 32 Kbps
ADPCM Transcoding – 125
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
SIGNAL DETECTION
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization
in Multipath Channels for Frequency
Hopping Communications – 88
SIGNAL PROCESSING
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike
Detector – 57
A Methodology for Evaluating the Performance
of Dynamic Range Control Algorithms
for Speech Enhancement – 57
A Novel VLSI Digital Signal Processor
Architecture for High-Speed Vector and
Transform Operations – 58
A Quadratic Residue Processor for Complex
DSP Applications – 207
A Reconfigurable Binary/RNS/LNS Architecture
for DSP – 126
A Second Generation Silicon Compiler
for Bit-Serial Signal Processing Architecture
– 42
A Split Control Store VLSI for 32 Kbps
ADPCM Transcoding – 125
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
Adaptive Line Enhancement Using a
Random AR Model – 56
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Computational Aspects of Quadratic Signal
Processing – 69
Estimation of Noise Variance from the
Noisy AR Signal and Its Applications in
Speech Enhancement – 55
Extended Matrix Formulation for the
Marple Algorithm – 119
Fitting Noncausal Autoregressive Signal
Plus Noise Models to Noisy Non-
Gaussian Linear Processes – 43

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits
and Systems, Volume 2 – 63
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25
Non-Linear Adaptive Signal Processor
– 177
Nonplanar Switchable Arrays for Signal
Processing – 69
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
Reconstruction From Fourier Transform
Phase with Applications to Speech
Analysis – 119
Semi-Annual Technical Report for the
Common Affordable Radar Processor
(CARP) – 153
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Some Properties of Prediction and Interpolation
Errors – 118
The Architecture and Application of the
Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor
Family – 130
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High
Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
– 74
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters
with Full Digital Programmability
– 66
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIOS
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike
Detector – 57
A Methodology for Evaluating the Performance
of Dynamic Range Control Algorithms
for Speech Enhancement – 57
Estimation of Noise Variance from the
Noisy AR Signal and Its Applications in
Speech Enhancement – 55
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive
Army Filtering – 208
SIGNAL TRANSMISSION
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
SIGNALS
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by
Hybrid Spline – 55
Incorporated Robustness in Narrowband
Signal Subspace Spatial Spectral Estimators
– 42
SIGNATURES
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Hysteresis Signature and Its Related
Technologies to Maintain the Digital Evidence
for Network Activities in Future
Society – 150
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match
Quality Measures for Model-Based Object
Recognition with Applications to Automatic
Target Recognition – 158
Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention
of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems:
A Randomized Controlled
Trial – 108
SILICON FILMS
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
SILICON JUNCTIONS
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
SILICON NITRIDES
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
SILICON TRANSISTORS
A Second Generation Silicon Compiler
for Bit-Serial Signal Processing Architecture
– 42
SILICONES
Assessment of Raman Spectroscopy as
a Silicone Pad Production Diagnostic
– 38
SILICON
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics
& Astronautics, Volume 37, Number
5, October 2005 – 1
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
New Graduate Student for Silicon QC
Project – 37
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
Silicon Quantum Information Processing
– 223
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
SIMPLEX METHOD
A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed
Tolerance Design Centering Based on a
Modified Simplex Method – 67
SIMULATED ANNEALING
An Improved Building Block Model for
Placement Using Simulated Annealing
– 74
SIMULATION
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate
Integration Scheme for Circuit
Simulation – 76
ARMA Modeling Using Cumulant and
Autocorrelation Statistics – 162
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum
Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
– 214
Neural Network of the Auditory System:
Influence of the Temporal Context on the
Response Represented by a Random
Field – 208
Simulation of Flow Unsteadiness in
Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser Devices
– 89
Supercomputer Simulations Advance
Science – 123
Time Delay Estimation by Autoregressive
Modelization – 174
SIMULATORS
Aeronautical Network Research Simulator
(ANRS) – 24
CODECS: An Object-Oriented Mixed-
Level Circuit and Device Simulator – 70
Design of Adaptive Electronic Hybrid for
Digital Subscriber Loops – 127
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues
in Computer Science and Engineering,
Volume 1, No. 2 – 123
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
– 231
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
SINGLE CRYSTALS
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
A-43

SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via
SWIM – 15
SKIDDING
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
SLIDING FRICTION
Dynamic Analysis of Sliding Friction in
Rotorcraft Geared Systems – 184
SLITS
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
SMART MATERIALS
Compact, Lightweight, Smart Battery
Charger – 99
SMART STRUCTURES
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using
Intelligent Composite Active Structures
(ADPICAS) – 34
SNELLEN TESTS
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft
Maintenance Personnel Performing
Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
– 114
SOCIAL FACTORS
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention
of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems:
A Randomized Controlled
Trial – 108
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured
Graphics – 135
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
Certification – 128
Conclusions and Recommendations
– 39
Credentialed Secure Communication
‘Switchboards’ – 152
Enforcing Resource Sharing Agreements
Among Distributed Server Clusters
– 136
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Validation, Verification and Certification
of Embedded Systems – 127
Verification and Validation: Current and
Best Practice – 128
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
SOILS
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
A-44
SOLAR CELLS
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1xNyAs1-y
Solar Cells – 192
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Direct Write Contacts for Solar
Cells – 95
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the
Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar
Cells – 216
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar
Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
– 96
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Properties of High-Efficiency CIGS Thin-
Film Solar Cells – 98
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
SOLAR ENERGY
Performance Parameters for Grid-
Connected PV Systems – 97
SOLAR HOUSES
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
SOLAR OBSERVATORIES
NOAO/NSO Newsletter: Issue 83 – 231
NOAO/NSO Newsletter: Issue 84 – 232
SOLAR SYSTEM
Gemini Focuses on New Kuiper Belt
Worlds – 85
NIFS Sees First Light – 234
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW
Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing
System – 194
SOLID PHASES
Chemical Vapor Identification Using
Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance
Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
– 167
SONAR
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
SONIC BOOMS
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
SORBENTS
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
SOUND FIELDS
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
SOUND RANGING
Passive Ranging in Multipath-Dominated
Environment – 210
SOUND TRANSMISSION
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
SOURCE PROGRAMS
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program
by Static Detection – 138
SPACE CHARGE
Space-Charge Transport Limits in Periodic
Channels – 200
SPACE COMMUNICATION
Secure Key Management for NASA
Space Communication – 31
SPACE SHUTTLES
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel
Chemistry – 102
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of
Weather Radar Reflectivity Images
– 86
SPATIAL RESOLUTION
Recent Science Highlights – 236
SPECIFICATIONS
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible
and Exploratory Learning – 220
SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION
Spectral Distribution and Damping Factors
Measurements of Musical Strings
using FFT Techniques – 203

SPECTRAL SIGNATURES
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
SPECTRA
A New Approach to Noise-Robust
LPC – 54
Iterative Speech Enhancement with
Spectral Constraints – 58
Pattern Spectrum of Images and Morphologicality
– 105
Shape-Size Complex-
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm
VS2 – 87
Development, Test Series
Speech Spectral Segmentation for Spectral
Estimation and Formant Modeling
– 158
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
SPECTROGRAPHS
Gemini South Astronomer Brings Young
Stars Into Focus – 234
NIFS Sees First Light – 234
SPECTROMETERS
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the IMS20000 (trademark)
(Bruker Daltonics GmbH Ion Mobility
Spectrometer 2000) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 82
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures
by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
– 200
Snapshot-Imaging Spectropolarimeter
– 40
SPECTROSCOPY
Assessment of Raman Spectroscopy as
a Silicone Pad Production Diagnostic
– 38
Biological Sensing with Terahertz Circular
Dichroism Spectroscopy – 211
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized
by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
– 79
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Technical Equivalency Documentation
for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
– 123
SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation
of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital
Converters – 67
High Resolution Frequency Analysis of
Voices-Feature Extraction of Nasal Consonants
– 204
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
SPEECH DEFECTS
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
SPEECH RECOGNITION
A Connected Speech Recognition System
Based on Spotting Diphone-Like
Segments - Preliminary Results – 218
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
A Flexible Linear Array Oriented VLSI
Processor for Continuous Speech Recognition
– 125
A Stochastic Segment Model for
Phoneme-Based Continuous
Speech – 162
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
Continuous Speech Recognition by
Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov
Model – 206
Deterministic Characteristics of LPC Distances:
An Inconsistency with Perceptual
Evidence – 156
Dynamic Programming Speech Recognition
Using a Context Free Grammar
– 157
Explicit Time Correlation in Hidden
Markov Models for Speech Recognition
– 155
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
High Resolution Frequency Analysis of
Voices-Feature Extraction of Nasal Consonants
– 204
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing (IC-
ASSP ‘87); Volume 1 – 53
Iterative Speech Enhancement with
Spectral Constraints – 58
On the Automatic Segmentation of
Speech Signals – 157
Phoneme Classification for Real Time
Speech Recognition of Italian – 154
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech
Analysis – 119
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
Speech Spectral Segmentation for Spectral
Estimation and Formant Modeling
– 158
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering
Talker in Co-Channel
Speech – 59
The Four Tones Recognition of Continuous
Chinese Speech – 157
The Lexical Access Component of the
CMU Continuous Speech Recognition
System – 155
SPEECH
A Connected Speech Recognition System
Based on Spotting Diphone-Like
Segments - Preliminary Results – 218
Co-Channel Speech Separation – 41
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Neural Network of the Auditory System:
Influence of the Temporal Context on the
Response Represented by a Random
Field – 208
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
SPEED CONTROL
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
SPHERICAL COORDINATES
The Spherical Interpolation Method for
Closed-Form Passive Source Localization
using Range Difference Measurements
– 163
SPLINE FUNCTIONS
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
SPLINES
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by
Hybrid Spline – 55
SPUTTERING
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered
MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
– 91
STABILITY TESTS
Stability Analysis for Discrete Two-
Dimensional Systems – 170
A-45

STABILITY
Damping Transverse Instabilities in the
Tevatron Using AC Chromaticity – 191
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
On the Stability of Adaptive Lattice Filters
– 173
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
– 64
Stability of Adaptively Controlled
Systems- A Graphical Approach – 155
Subharmonic Bifurcation, Stability and
Chaos – 79
STACKS
Iso-Adiabatic Merging of Pbar Stacks in
the Fermilab Recycler – 190
STAINLESS STEELS
Numerical Simulation of Hydrogen Assisted
Cracking in Supermartensitic
Stainless Steel Welds – 38
STANDARDIZATION
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
STANDARDS
Standards – 39
STAPHYLOCOCCUS
Chemotherapeutics Targeting Immune
Activation by Staphylococcal Superantigens
– 106
STAR FORMATION
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
– 232
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
Statistical Language Modeling for Information
Retrieval – 224
STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
STATISTICS
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation
of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive
Processes – 173
STEERING
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
STEGANOGRAPHY
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
A-46
STELLAR MASS
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
STEPPING MOTORS
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control
with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line
Dead-Time Compensation – 51
STIFFNESS
Spectral Distribution and Damping Factors
Measurements of Musical Strings
using FFT Techniques – 203
STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
A Stochastic Segment Model for
Phoneme-Based Continuous
Speech – 162
Adaptive Line Enhancement Using a
Random AR Model – 56
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
STRINGS
A Conditional Random Field for
Discriminatively-Trained Finite-State
String Edit Distance – 225
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING
Dynamic Ontologies on the Web – 136
STUDENTS
New Graduate Student for Silicon QC
Project – 37
SUBMILLIMETER WAVES
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
SUBSTRATES
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
SULFATES
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
SULFUR
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin
(GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD)
Vapor Challenge Testing of Commercial
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
– 116
SUMMER
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
RAND Review: Volume 29, Number 2,
Summer 2005 – 110
SUN
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
SUPERCOMPUTERS
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Supercomputer Simulations Advance
Science – 123
SUPERCONDUCTORS (MATERIALS)
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator
Magnets – 197
SUPERLATTICES
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
SUPPLYING
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Vision for a future diagnostic architecture
– 141
SURFACE DEFECTS
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
SURVEILLANCE RADAR
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
SURVEILLANCE
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
CPDLC and ADS-B in Europe: Alive and
Kicking – 14
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft
Maintenance Personnel Performing
Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
– 114
Short Range Surveillance Link for Close
Proximity Navigation During Closely
Spaced Parallel Approach – 18
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15

The Business Case for SWIM – 15
The Right Radar Backup for ADS-
B – 48
Top-Down Mechanism Design Study for
Multi-UAV Search and Surveillance
– 21
SURVEYS
A Survey of Photon Mapping for Realistic
Image Synthesis – 92
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey
(GDPS) – 235
SWEDEN
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
SWITCHES
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
SWITCHING
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size
VLSl Arrays – 67
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-
Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling
in Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using
Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
– 71
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
Switched-Capacitor Building Blocks with
Reduced Sensitivity to Finite Amplifier
Gain, Bandwidth and Offset Voltage
– 115
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters
with Full Digital Programmability
– 66
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
SYLLABLES
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Syllable-based Segment-Hypotheses
Generation in Fluently Spoken Speech
Using Gross Articulatory Features
– 154
SYNCHROTRONS
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
New Correction Magnet Package for the
FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron – 198
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
Performance Calculation on Orbit feedback
for NSLS-II – 195
SYNTAX
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR
Knowledge Based Object Detection Using
SAR Images – 43
SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
SYSTEM FAILURES
Vision for a future diagnostic architecture
– 141
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION
The Use of Large Adaptive Gains to
Remove the SPR Condition from Recursive
Adaptive Algorithms – 165
SYSTEMATIC ERRORS
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related
Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray
Optics with a Long Trace Profiler – 193
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Extended Matrix Formulation for the
Marple Algorithm – 119
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
A Logical Architecture for Future Avionics
– 11
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
Certification – 128
Composition of Conditional Random
Fields for Transfer Learning – 134
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8
Range Enhancement to Wide Area Multilateration
Processing – 9
Safe Flight 21 Implementing Broadcast
Services – 13
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Enables
an Agile National Airspace System
- SWIM Provides the Pipeline Services
– 15
The Evolution of Test Heads in High
Frequency VLSI Test Systems – 72
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) System Wide Information Management
(SWIM) Program – 7
The Standalone Traffic Information Service
(TIS) Server – 4
Validation and Usability Analysis of Intelligent
Systems: An Integrated Approach
– 160
VLSI System Design Using a Macintosh
Personal Computer – 65
SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms
of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on
to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays – 70
Integrated GPS/eLoran Systems – 4
Integration of Airport Surface Communication
Systems – 50
Validation and Usability Analysis of Intelligent
Systems: An Integrated Approach
– 160
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
The Business Case for SWIM – 15
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
SYSTOLIC ARRAYS
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms
of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on
to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays – 70
Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic
Array Type Convolvers – 150
Nonplanar Switchable Arrays for Signal
Processing – 69
TABLES (DATA)
Technical Equivalency Documentation
for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
– 123
TANTALUM
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
Numerical Study of On-Axis Dose Rate
from Ta and W Bremsstrahlung Converter
Targets – 199
TARGET ACQUISITION
Top-Down Mechanism Design Study for
Multi-UAV Search and Surveillance
– 21
TARGET RECOGNITION
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match
Quality Measures for Model-Based Object
Recognition with Applications to Automatic
Target Recognition – 158
TARGETS
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match
Quality Measures for Model-Based Object
Recognition with Applications to Automatic
Target Recognition – 158
Numerical Study of On-Axis Dose Rate
from Ta and W Bremsstrahlung Converter
Targets – 199
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
A-47

Single Target Spin Asymmetries and
GPDs – 193
Top-Down Mechanism Design Study for
Multi-UAV
lance – 21
Search and Surveil-
TASKS
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
TAXONOMY
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
TEAMS
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
TECHNETIUM
Technetium Chemistry in Waste Environments
– 33
TECHNOLOGIES
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Supercomputer
Science – 123
Simulations Advance
Trust But Verity: Procedures to Achieve
Accurate Efficiency Measurements for All
Photovoltaic Technologies – 216
TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
TELECOMMUNICATION
Credentialed Secure Communication
‘Switchboards’ – 152
Evaluation of IPv6 Services for Future
Aviation Networks – 12
Future Global Communications In Efficient
Flight Path Management – 4
Global Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance Systems Program -
Progress and Plans – 40
Integration of Airport Surface Communication
Systems – 50
SITA AIRCOM Datalink Implementation
Status – 12
States and Trends of Technologies in the
Ad Hoc Networks Applicable to Emergency
Communications – 149
Strategies for Reducing Driver Distraction
from In-Vehicle Telematics Devices:
A Discussion Document – 51
Systems Methodology to Defining Surface
Network Architecture – 50
The Business Case for SWIM – 15
A-48
The New Future Needs for CNS-ATM: An
Airline Perspective – 11
Ubiquitous Communications Technology
for Disaster Mitigation – 149
TELEMEDICINE
Multi-, Inter-, and Trans-disciplinary Issues
in Computer Science and Engineering,
Volume 1, No. 2 – 123
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology
for Agent Technology – 161
TELEPHONES
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular
Phone Systems During Disasters
– 46
TELESCOPES
From Astronomy to Zeus – 233
Gemini Queue Operations & Completion
Rates – 84
TELOMERES
Regulation of hTERT Expression and
Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+)
Human Mammary Epithelial Cell
Lines – 108
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
TEMPLATES
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
TERMINAL GUIDANCE
Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures
of Voice Communications System
Performance – 41
TERRAIN ANALYSIS
Geographical databases based on satellite
images: Macedonia case – 93
TERRAIN
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
TEXTS
Preparing
TeX – 230
PNNL Reports with La-
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural
Language Text – 169
TEXTURES
Texture Recognition Using Final-
Prediction-Error Criterion – 164
Texture Segmentation Using a Class of
Narrowband Filters – 209
THALAMUS
The Role of Layer 4 in Thalamocortical
Development – 106
THEOREMS
Characterizing V2G Filtered Images by
Their Zero Crossings – 182
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient
Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
– 118
THERMAL DECOMPOSITION
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
THERMAL EXPANSION
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
THERMAL MAPPING
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
THERMOGRAVIMETRY
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
THICKNESS
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
THIN FILMS
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
Microwave Solitons and Precessional
Dynamics in Magnetic Thin Films
-Physics and Devices – 62
Properties of High-Efficiency CIGS Thin-
Film Solar Cells – 98
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV
Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term
Market-Competitive PV Modules – 216
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
THREAT EVALUATION
On Models for Coordination of Activity
and It’s Disruption – 179
THREE DIMENSIONAL MODELS
Complexities of Layouts in Three-
Dimensional VLSI Circuits – 69
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic
Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing
with 3D CFD Model – 82
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
THRESHOLD VOLTAGE
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113

THRUST BEARINGS
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
TILES
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a
Tile Plane – 180
TIME CONSTANT
Active RC-Building Blocks for
MOSFET-C Integrated Filters – 64
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks
with Reduced Rank Components – 77
TIME DEPENDENCE
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular
Phone Systems During Disasters
– 46
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
TIME LAG
A Practical Approach to Estimation of
Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a
Composite Signal in Non-White Gaussian
Noise – 204
High Resolution Multipath Time Delay
Estimation for Broadband Random Signals
– 204
High Resolution Time Delay Estimation
– 174
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
Time Delay Estimation by Autoregressive
Modelization – 174
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array
Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a
Known Rotation – 43
TIME MEASUREMENT
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral
Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach
– 150
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block
Layout – 69
TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Autocorrelation Distortion Function for
Improved AR Modeling – 60
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
On Identification of Non-Gaussian Time
Series – 162
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
TIRES
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
TITAN ATMOSPHERE
Recent Science Highlights – 236
TOKAMAK DEVICES
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
TOMOGRAPHY
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
Dimensional Measurements of Three
Tubes by Computed Tomography – 83
TOPOGRAPHY
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
TOPOLOGY
A Device Simulation Tool for High-
Voltage Bipolar Devices – 76
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
TORUSES
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
TOXICITY
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
TOXINS AND ANTITOXINS
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
TRACERS
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
TRACING
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting
Illegal Access – 148
TRACKING (POSITION)
Design of Continuous Gain Adaptive Alpha
Beta Trackers for Passive Sonar
Application – 204
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Range Enhancement to Wide Area Multilateration
Processing – 9
Safe Flight 21 Implementing Broadcast
Services – 13
TRAFFIC
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85
TRANSCONDUCTANCE
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator
Loop OTA Filter Structures
– 72
TRANSDUCERS
Development of a Transducer for Measuring
Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge
Girders – 92
TRANSFER FUNCTIONS
A Design Methodology for Decimation
Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
– 68
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
Objective Methods for Comparing Autoregressive
Order-Determining Criteria
– 119
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks
with Reduced Rank Components – 77
Realization of Structurally LBR Digital
Allpass Networks – 71
Time Delay Estimation by Autoregressive
Modelization – 174
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters
with Full Digital Programmability
– 66
TRANSFORMATIONS (MATHEMATICS)
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks
with Reduced Rank Components – 77
Simplified Class 1 Matched Detection
Filters Using Generalized Transforms
– 71
TRANSISTORS
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
TRANSLATING
Comparing User-Assisted and Automatic
Query Translation – 145
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROS-
COPY
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
TRANSMISSION LINES
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate
Delay Measurements Under Transmission
Line Effects – 72
TRANSMITTER RECEIVERS
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
TRANSMITTERS
A VLSI Sigma-Delta Waveform Generator
for a Quadrature Type CPM Transmitter
– 77
TREES (MATHEMATICS)
A New Relative Placement Procedure
Based on MSST and Linear Programming
– 65
A-49

On Generalized Feussner’s Principle in a
Two-graph – 120
TRENDS
Energy Trends and Their Implications for
U.S. Army Installations – 93
States and Trends of Technologies in the
Ad Hoc Networks Applicable to Emergency
Communications – 149
TROPOSPHERE
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
TRUCKS
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
TUNGSTEN
Numerical Study of On-Axis Dose Rate
from Ta and W Bremsstrahlung Converter
Targets – 199
TURBINE BLADES
Characterization of the Global Hawk Low
Pressure Turbine First Rotor – 81
TURBINES
Characterization of the Global Hawk Low
Pressure Turbine First Rotor – 81
TURBOMACHINERY
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
TURBULENCE
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8
TWO DIMENSIONAL FLOW
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85
TWO DIMENSIONAL MODELS
CARMA Model Methods of Two-
Dimensional Shape Classification: An
Eigensystem Approach vs. the LP
Norm – 166
Linear Feature Extraction Based on an
AR Model Edge Detector – 129
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic
Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing
with 3D CFD Model – 82
Stability Analysis for Discrete Two-
Dimensional Systems – 170
Texture Recognition Using Final-
Prediction-Error Criterion – 164
ULTRASONICS
3D Posture Determination of a Wheeled
Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning
and Ultrasonic Measurements – 154
UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS
Design of Continuous Gain Adaptive Alpha
Beta Trackers for Passive Sonar
Application – 204
A-50
UNITED STATES
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
UNIX (OPERATING SYSTEM)
Preparing PNNL Reports with La-
TeX – 230
UNSTEADY FLOW
Simulation of Flow Unsteadiness in
Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser Devices
– 89
USER MANUALS (COMPUTER PRO-
GRAMS)
The National Water-Quality Assessment
Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System
(IDAS) Software: Version 3 (User’s
Manual) – 137
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User
Manual – 131
USER REQUIREMENTS
Verification and Validation: Current and
Best Practice – 128
VAPOR DEPOSITION
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
VAPORS
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
Chemical Vapor Identification Using
Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance
Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
– 167
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin
(GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD)
Vapor Challenge Testing of Commercial
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
– 116
Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing
of SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and
Vapor Detector Against Chemical Warfare
Agents Summary Report – 88
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
VECTOR PROCESSING (COMPUTERS)
Serial/Parallel Architectures for Area-
Efficient Vector Multiplication – 129
VECTOR SPACES
Representing Lattice Ordered Associative
Memories with Artificial Neural Networks
– 151
VEHICLE WHEELS
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User
Manual – 131
VERY HIGH FREQUENCIES
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
– 11
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
A Flexible Linear Array Oriented VLSI
Processor for Continuous Speech Recognition
– 125
A Novel VLSI Digital Signal Processor
Architecture for High-Speed Vector and
Transform Operations – 58
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram
Processor – 86
A Split Control Store VLSI for 32 Kbps
ADPCM Transcoding – 125
A VLSI Implementation of the Partial
Rank Algorithm for Adaptive Signal Processing
– 86
A VLSI Sigma-Delta Waveform Generator
for a Quadrature Type CPM Transmitter
– 77
An Application of Bin-Packing to Building
Block Placement – 75
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
An Improved Building Block Model for
Placement Using Simulated Annealing
– 74
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Complexities of Layouts in Three-
Dimensional VLSI Circuits – 69
Computational Aspects of Quadratic Signal
Processing – 69
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
Dynamic Latch Design for VLSI Array
Processors – 127
Efficient Array Processing Structures for
Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters – 73
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size
VLSl Arrays – 67
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of
VLSI Circuits – 56
The Evolution of Test Heads in High
Frequency VLSI Test Systems – 72
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High
Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
– 74

VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate
Delay Measurements Under Transmission
Line Effects – 72
VLSI System Design Using a Macintosh
Personal Computer – 65
VIABILITY
Transformational Cost Reduction for Airborne
Internet – 48
VIDEO COMMUNICATION
Communications-Supported Concepts
for Highjacked Aircraft – 49
VIDEO CONFERENCING
Where’s the Remote Control? It’s Time
for Virtual Justice: A Proposal to Amend
the Rules of Court-Martial to Allow for
Testimony by Video Teleconference
– 87
VIDEO SIGNALS
Where’s the Remote Control? It’s Time
for Virtual Justice: A Proposal to Amend
the Rules of Court-Martial to Allow for
Testimony by Video Teleconference
– 87
VIEWING
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing
Condition on Attentional Issues with
Helmet Mounted Displays – 61
VISUAL ACUITY
Results of and Adjustments to a Dynamic
Vision Test – 114
VISUAL PERCEPTION
Results of and Adjustments to a Dynamic
Vision Test – 114
VOCODERS
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft
Communication Systems – 10
VOICE COMMUNICATION
Defining Command, Control, and Communications
(C3) for Unmanned Aircraft
Systems (UAS) – 30
Discrete All-Pole Modeling for Voiced
Speech – 44
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures
of Voice Communications System
Performance – 41
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
VOICE DATA PROCESSING
Enhancement of Block-Coded
Speech – 58
Reconstruction From Fourier Transform
Phase with Applications to Speech
Analysis – 119
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech
Analysis – 119
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
VOLTAGE CONVERTERS (DC TO DC)
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
VOLTAGE REGULATORS
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
VORTICES
Laboratory and Numerical Studies of the
Effects of Shear on 3-D Vortex Evolution
– 166
VOTING
Variant of the Chaum Voter-verifiable
Scheme – 122
VOWELS
A Connected Speech Recognition System
Based on Spotting Diphone-Like
Segments - Preliminary Results – 218
Deterministic Characteristics of LPC Distances:
An Inconsistency with Perceptual
Evidence – 156
VULNERABILITY
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program
by Static Detection – 138
Civil GPS Systems and Potential Vulnerabilities
– 30
The Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation
Methodology – 147
WAR GAMES
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
WARFARE
Biological Sensing with Terahertz Circular
Dichroism Spectroscopy – 211
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster
Relief: Are the National/International Coordinating
Agencies Capable of Fulfilling
the Mission? – 104
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
WARNING SYSTEMS
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
Characterizing Network Services through
Cluster-Set Variations – 122
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the Raid-M (Bruker Saxonia Analytik
GmbH Rapid Alarm and Identification
Device - Monitor) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 88
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion
Prevention Systems
(HIPS) – 140
WASTES
Technetium Chemistry in Waste Environments
– 33
WATER FLOW
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
WATER QUALITY
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
The National Water-Quality Assessment
Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System
(IDAS) Software: Version 3 (User’s
Manual) – 137
WATER RESOURCES
Data Model and Relational Database Design
for the New Jersey Water-Transfer
Data System (NJWaTr) – 228
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User
Manual – 131
WATER
Data Model and Relational Database Design
for the New Jersey Water-Transfer
Data System (NJWaTr) – 228
WAVE FRONTS
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms
of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on
to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays – 70
ALTAIR Upgrades Report – 211
WAVEFORMS
A Hierarchical Representation of Random
Waveforms by Scale-Space Filtering
– 87
A VLSI Sigma-Delta Waveform Generator
for a Quadrature Type CPM Transmitter
– 77
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive
Army Filtering – 208
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
WAVEGUIDES
Evidence for an Infrasound
Waveguide – 210
WAVELET ANALYSIS
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for
Electromagnetic Analysis – 185
WEAPON SYSTEMS
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
A-51

WEAR
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
WEATHER FORECASTING
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
WEATHER
Implementing
Bag – 11
the Electronic Flight
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Enables
an Agile National Airspace System
- SWIM Provides the Pipeline Services
– 15
WEIGHTLESSNESS SIMULATION
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
WEIGHTLESSNESS
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
WELDED JOINTS
Numerical Simulation of Hydrogen Assisted
Cracking in Supermartensitic
Stainless Steel Welds – 38
WELDING
The Automatic Classification of the Welding
Defects – 86
WETTING
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture
Based on Two-Dimensional
Electrowetting Arrays – 62
A-52
WHITE NOISE
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
WIDE AREA NETWORKS
Researches on Information Security in
NICT – 229
WIENER FILTERING
A Speech Enhancement Method Based
on Kalman Filtering – 43
WIENER HOPF EQUATIONS
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
WIND (METEOROLOGY)
TKE Budgets and Dissipation Rates in
Disturbed Stable Boundary Layers
– 105
WINGS
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
WINTER
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent
Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
– 45
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
– 40
WIRE
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
Feasibility Study of Beam-Beam Compensation
in the Tevatron with
Wires – 190
WORDS (LANGUAGE)
A Connected Speech Recognition System
Based on Spotting Diphone-Like
Segments - Preliminary Results – 218
A Speech Enhancement Method Based
on Kalman Filtering – 43
A Stochastic Segment Model for
Phoneme-Based Continuous
Speech – 162
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
Assessment of Finite Precision Limitations
in LMS and BLMS Adaptive Algorithms
– 55
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
On the Automatic Segmentation of
Speech Signals – 157
Phoneme Classification for Real Time
Speech Recognition of Italian – 154
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
The Lexical Access Component of the
CMU Continuous Speech Recognition
System – 155
WORLD WIDE WEB
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132
X RAY OPTICS
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related
Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray
Optics with a Long Trace Profiler – 193
X RAY SPECTROSCOPY
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33

Abdul-Hamid, Husein
An Analysis of Student Satisfaction in
Higher Education Courses Delivered Online
and in the Live Classroom – 220
Abel, J. S.
The Spherical Interpolation Method for
Closed-Form Passive Source Localization
using Range Difference Measurements
– 163
Aboelaze, Mokhtar A.
Complexities of Layouts in Three-
Dimensional VLSI Circuits – 69
AbusShama, J.
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
Abutaleb, Ahmed S.
Adaptive Line Enhancement Using a
Random AR Model – 56
Adamson, P.
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
Adelstein, J.
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW
Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing
System – 194
Performance Parameters for Grid-
Connected PV Systems – 97
Adin, Amnon
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
Adve, Ravi
Parallel Scene Generation / Electromagnetic
Modeling of Complex Targets in
Complex Clutter and Propagation Environments
– 182
Afanasev, A.
Single-Spin Beam Asymmetries in QED
and QCD – 193
Afgan, Naim H.
Sustainability and Safety: The Complex
System Properties – 117
Afsari, Bijan
A Novel Non-Orthogonal Joint Diagonalization
Cost Function for ICA – 166
Agrawala, Ashok K.
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-
State Routing – 227
Ahlbom, Gunnar
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Ahle, L. E.
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
Personal Author Index
Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation
Line Beam Dump Concept
– 123
Ahmadi, M.
Segmentation of Noisy Images Modelled
by Markov Random Fields with Gibbs
Distribution – 205
Ahrenkiel, R. K.
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
Akyurthu, A.
Development of a Novel Catalyst for No
Decomposition – 100
Albert, Jay M.
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
Albin, D. S.
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Albin, D.
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
Albrecht, Meredith M.
The Effect of Aerodynamic Surfaces Versus
Thrust Maneuvers on Reentry Vehicles
– 29
Alexahin, Y.
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and
Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole
Families at Tevatron – 189
Diffusion Due to Beam-Beam Resonances
in Hadron Colliders – 186
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail
Instability at Tevatron – 189
Alexander, S. T.
An Analysis of Finite Precision Effects for
the Autocorrelation Method and Burg’s
Method of Linear Prediction – 60
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
Alexander, Winser E.
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
Performance Analysis of Multidimensional
Block State-Space Models – 170
Alexanhin, Y.
Theory and Reality of Beam-Beam Effects
at Hadron Colliders – 189
Ali, Hussein A.
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
Alinat, Pierre
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
Al-Jassim, M.
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
Allan, James
TREC-6 Interactive Track Report. Part 1:
Experimental Procedure and Initial Results
– 230
Alleman, J. L.
Direct Write Contacts for Solar
Cells – 95
Allen, S. J.
Biological Sensing with Terahertz Circular
Dichroism Spectroscopy – 211
Alshibani, Saud A.
Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite
Impulse Response Adaptive Filters – 54
Al-Thani, H. A.
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
Amamiya, Makoto
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
Amaral, Christian
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8
Ambrose, M. J.
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
Ambrosio, G.
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator
Magnets – 197
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186
Amieva, J.
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
Amoroso, Paul J.
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
Anderberg, A.
Trust But Verity: Procedures to Achieve
Accurate Efficiency Measurements for All
Photovoltaic Technologies – 216
Anderson, Gregg
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
B-1

Anderson, Robert H.
The Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation
Methodology – 147
Anderson, Roger R.
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
Anderson, T.
NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2
Magnets – 185
Andreas, Edgar L.
Handbook of Physical Constants and
Functions for Use in Atmospheric Boundary
Layer Studies – 82
Andreev, N.
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator
Magnets – 197
Andrlik, Michal
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
Annala, G.
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186
Annala, J.
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and
Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole
Families at Tevatron – 189
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail
Instability at Tevatron – 189
Anton, Philip S.
The Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation
Methodology – 147
Aoki, Shigeaki
Expansion of Listening Area with Good
Localization in Audio Conferencing
– 208
Apaza, Rafael
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
– 40
Araki, Kiyomichi
An Approach for Analysis of Chaos in
Josephson Autonomous Circuit – 66
Aravena, Jorge L.
Nonplanar Switchable Arrays for Signal
Processing – 69
Ardalan, Sasan H.
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
Arnold, S.
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
Asada, K.
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
Asai, Mitsuo
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
Asher, S. E.
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
B-2
Ashmanskas, W. J.
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
Atlas, L. E.
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Avakian, H.
Single Spin Asymmetries: from JLab12 to
EIC – 193
Avancha, Sasikanth
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Ayoade, John Olurotimi
Finding Solution to the Illegal Access in
RFID – 229
Babuska, Ivo
Superconvergence in the Generalized Finite
Element Method – 168
Badari Narayana, K.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Simulation of Piezoelectric Effect in Nastran:
Experimental and Analytical Estimation
of Dynamic Response of a Circular
Plate – 141
Badin, P.
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
Badreldin, Amira M.
Real-Time Analysis of Fuel Spray Images
– 81
Bai, Jing
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Bajd, Tadej
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Bakker-Zierikzee, A. M.
Successful Nutrition and Health Interventions
to Obtain and Maintain an Optimal
Availability of Soldiers – 105
Balasubramanian, Aruna
Secure Key Management for NASA
Space Communication – 31
Balazs, G. B.
Assessment of Raman Spectroscopy as
a Silicone Pad Production Diagnostic
– 38
Baldomir, Zajc
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Bales, J. D.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Balis, C.
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
Banerjee, Uday
Superconvergence in the Generalized Finite
Element Method – 168
Banks, H. T.
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
Baranoski, John M.
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the IMS20000 (trademark)
(Bruker Daltonics GmbH Ion Mobility
Spectrometer 2000) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 82
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the Raid-M (Bruker Saxonia Analytik
GmbH Rapid Alarm and Identification
Device - Monitor) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 88
Barber, Mark R.
The Evolution of Test Heads in High
Frequency VLSI Test Systems – 72
Barker, G.
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
Baronti, S.
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
Bartacek, Heinz
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
Barthelet, P.
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
Barto, Andrew G.
Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement
Learning – 166
Bartoletti, A.
Characterizing Network Services through
Cluster-Set Variations – 122
Barzi, E.
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator
Magnets – 197
Basar, Tamer
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Basaruddin, T.
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
Basha, S. K. J.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Basu, Anjan
A Speech Enhancement Method Based
on Kalman Filtering – 43
Basu, Sankar
On the Synthesizability of Multidimensional
Lossless Two-Ports – 171

Bauer, P.
FIONDA (Filtering Images Of Niobium
Disks Application) Filter Application for
Eddy Current Scanner Data Analysis
– 198
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186
Baumeister, Lynn K.
The Lexical Access Component of the
CMU Continuous Speech Recognition
System – 155
Baumgaertel, J. A.
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
Bavari, Sina
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Bayoumi, Magdy A.
A Quadratic Residue Processor for Complex
DSP Applications – 207
Beals, D.
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
Beatty, James D.
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
Beck, Tracy
NIFS Sees First Light – 234
Beck, W.
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
Beddoes, M. P.
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike
Detector – 57
Bederson, Benjamin B.
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured
Graphics – 135
Beech, Russell S.
Compact, Lightweight, Smart Battery
Charger – 99
Bell, Nicole S.
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
Bellare, Kedar
A Conditional Random Field for
Discriminatively-Trained Finite-State
String Edit Distance – 225
Bender, Anne M.
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
Bengtsson, J.
Control of Dynamic Aperture for Synchronton
Light Sources – 191
Benincasa, Milissa
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Benshoof, Paul
Civil GPS Systems and Potential Vulnerabilities
– 30
Bently, Donald E.
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
Berkebile, Greg A.
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
Bernabei, S.
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
Bernacil, M.
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
Berniard, T. J.
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Berniard, T.
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
Bershad, N. J.
On the Probability Density Function of
the LMS Adaptive Filter Weights – 172
Bevington, J. E.
Differential Operator Based Edge and
Line Detection – 165
Beyer, Jeffrey
Range Enhancement to Wide Area Multilateration
Processing – 9
The Standalone Traffic Information Service
(TIS) Server – 4
Beynon, Michael D.
The Virtual Microscope – 142
Bhat, Aniket
Evaluation of IPv6 Services for Future
Aviation Networks – 12
Bhat, C. M.
Iso-Adiabatic Merging of Pbar Stacks in
the Fermilab Recycler – 190
New Technique for Making Bright Proton
Bunches Using Barrier RF Systems
– 190
Bhattacharjee, Apurba K.
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
Bieniosek, F.
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200
Bilbey, Charles A.
Investigation of the Performance Characteristics
of Re-Entry Vehicles – 29
Bills, Margaret
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
Bimbot, Frederic
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Bin, Wu
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Bing-kun, Liu
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
binShahulHameed, Abdul Basid
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
bintiHamzaid, Nur Azah
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
Birkler, John
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Bistritz,Y.
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
Black, David Lee
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
Blalock, Denise
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
Bloomfield, Louis A.
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
Bloomfield, Robin
Certification – 128
Boatz, Jerry
Energetic Materials Modeling for Rocket
Propulsion – 36
Boccadoro, Charles H.
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Boffo, C.
FIONDA (Filtering Images Of Niobium
Disks Application) Filter Application for
Eddy Current Scanner Data Analysis
– 198
Boles, J. L.
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
B-3

Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation
Line Beam Dump Concept
– 123
Boll, S. F.
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering
Talker in Co-Channel
Speech – 59
Bolshakov, T.
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
Bolton, Christopher
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Bonet, Luis
A Split Control Store VLSI for 32 Kbps
ADPCM Transcoding – 125
Borth, David E.
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
Bos, J. E.
Results of and Adjustments to a Dynamic
Vision Test – 114
Bossert, R.
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator
Magnets – 197
Bostic, Elizabeth
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Botto, Jean-Luc
Stabilization of Fast Recursive Least-
Squares Transversal Filters for Adaptive
Filtering – 164
Bovik, Alan C.
Texture Segmentation Using a Class of
Narrowband Filters – 209
Bower, Anthony G.
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Boyle, K.
Performance Parameters for Grid-
Connected PV Systems – 97
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
Braley, W. A.
BERG2 Micro-Computer Estimation of
Freeze and Thaw Depths and Thaw Consolidation
– 122
Brandenburg, Karlheinz
OCF-A New Coding Algorithm for High
Quality Sound Signals – 207
Branz, H. M.
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
B-4
Brauns, Gregory T.
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
Bredin, Jonathan
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Economic Markets as a Means of Open
Mobile-Agent Systems – 137
Breus, D. E.
I. Excluded Volume Effects in Ising Cluster
Distributions and Nuclear II. Multifragmentation.
Multiple Chance Effects in
Alpha-Particle Evaporation – 121
Brglez, Franc
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Britton, Chance
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared
Study – 115
Spectroscopy
Brodersen, Robert W.
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram
Processor – 86
Brower, Jennifer
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
Brown, T. A.
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
Brown, W. D.
Dimensional Measurements of Three
Tubes by Computed Tomography – 83
Bruno, N.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Bryant, Chet K.
Chemical Vapor Identification Using
Field-Based Attenuated Total Reflectance
Fourier Transform Infrared Detection
and Solid Phase Microextraction
– 167
Bryant, H.
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
Buckley, Kevin M.
Incorporated Robustness in Narrowband
Signal Subspace Spatial Spectral Estimators
– 42
Budny, R. V.
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum
Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
– 214
Buhrman, C. Wayne
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
Buhrman, Wayne C.
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Activities
– 12
Buice, E. S.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Burke, W.
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
Burns, Joe
Implementing the Electronic Flight
Bag – 11
The New Future Needs for CNS-ATM: An
Airline Perspective – 11
Butterfield, B.
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
Byrd, Don
TREC-6 Interactive Track Report. Part 1:
Experimental Procedure and Initial Results
– 230
Calder, Richard D., Jr.
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
Caldwell, James M.
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
Campbell, Dana
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
Campbell, Lee E.
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin
(GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD)
Vapor Challenge Testing of Commercial
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
– 116
Campbell, William
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Canfield, Dennis V.
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
Cangellaris, Andreas
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for
Electromagnetic Analysis – 185
Capodiferro, I.
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Carazo, Oscar
Limited Characterization of the SPADS
Radar System, Project ‘START’ – 20
Carcagno, R.
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186

Card, Christopher
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Cardenas, B.
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology
for Agent Technology – 161
Carson, J. A.
New Correction Magnet Package for the
FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron – 198
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
Carter, G. Clifford
A Practical Approach to Estimation of
Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a
Composite Signal in Non-White Gaussian
Noise – 204
Casar-Corredera, Jose R.
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
Cassiday, Dan
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
Catalyurek, Umit
The Virtual Microscope – 142
Caudill, Dirk
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5
Cazin, Jacques
Verification and Validation: Evolution and
Enhancement – 143
Cellier, Francois E.
A Device Simulation Tool for High-
Voltage Bipolar Devices – 76
Cernicharo, Jose
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
Chaigne, Antoine J.
Spectral Distribution and Damping Factors
Measurements of Musical Strings
using FFT Techniques – 203
Chakrabarty, Krishnendu
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-
Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling
in Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture
Based on Two-Dimensional
Electrowetting Arrays – 62
Sensor Placement for Grid Coverage Under
Imprecise Detections – 89
Chalabi, N. A.
New Algorithm for Estimating Optic Flow
for Low Level Vision Systems – 172
Chang, Chau-Chin
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
Chang, Chein-Chi
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Chang, Chein-I
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Chang, Chialin
The Virtual Microscope – 142
Chang, Horn-Chi
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
Chang, Kai
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Chao, Ching-Kong
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Chao, Jinhun
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
Chao-Chun, Wen
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
Chao-li, Zhang
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Chatterjee, Siddhartha
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
Chaturvedi, Arvind K.
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
Chau, Paul M.
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
Chavez, Patricia
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Chawla, S. R.
Space-Charge Transport Limits in Periodic
Channels – 200
Che-Ho, Wei
Design of Adaptive Electronic Hybrid for
Digital Subscriber Loops – 127
Chellappa, Rama
Linear Feature Extraction Based on an
AR Model Edge Detector – 129
Chen, A.
NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2
Magnets – 185
Chen, Guanling
Solar: A Pervasive-Computing Infrastructure
for Context-Aware Mobile Applications
– 132
Chen, J. K.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Chen, J. P.
Single Target Spin Asymmetries and
GPDs – 193
Chen, Jean-Lien
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Chen, John Yanhao
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
Chen, Shan-Guang
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Chen, Shi-Shuenn
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Chen, Xiaowei
BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidates
for BRCA3 – 107
Cheng, Y. M.
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
Chentanez, Nuttapong
Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement
Learning – 166
Cheung, Y. S.
A Second Generation Silicon Compiler
for Bit-Serial Signal Processing Architecture
– 42
Chew, Kay C.
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
Chew, Weng
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for
Electromagnetic Analysis – 185
Chhatwal, Harprit S.
Speech Spectral Segmentation for Spectral
Estimation and Formant Modeling
– 158
Chia-Chin, Chiang
Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical
Fiber Grating Sensor – 212
Chiang, Hsiao-Dong
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
– 64
Chiang, K. F.
On the Stability of Adaptive Lattice Filters
– 173
B-5

Chien, Ting-Li
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Chih-Yuan, Ho
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
Childers, D. G.
Co-Channel Speech Separation – 41
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
Chin, Foh Hew
VLSI System Design Using a Macintosh
Personal Computer – 65
Ching-Chih, Tsai
3D Posture Determination of a Wheeled
Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning
and Ultrasonic Measurements – 154
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
Chollet, Gerard
Modeling Spectral Speech Transitions
Using Temporal Decomposition Techniques
– 205
Chou, W.
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
Chow, Y.L.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Chow-Shing, Shin
Deformation Monitoring by Using Optical
Fiber Grating Sensor – 212
Chrisman, Andrew
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5
Chu, Churngwei
Techniques to Improve the Performance
of Software-Based Distributed Shared
Memory Systems – 132
Chu, Peter L.
Efficient CFAR Detection of Line Segments
in a 2-D Image – 209
Chua, L. O.
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical
Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear
Resistor – 79
Chung, Chung-Ping
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Chun-hong, Chen
An Application of Bin-Packing to Building
Block Placement – 75
Chun-mei, Li
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
B-6
Chwen-Jye, Ju
1-D to N-D Highly Parallel Computing
Structures for IIR Digital Filters – 151
Performance Analysis of Multidimensional
Block State-Space Models – 170
Cioffi, J. M.
A Fast QR/Frequency-Domain RLS
Adaptive Filter – 164
A Fast Transversal Filter for Adaptive
Line Enhancement – 42
Continuous-Time Least-Squares Fast
Transversal Filters – 156
Claesson, O.
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
Clark, marianna
Texture Segmentation Using a Class of
Narrowband Filters – 209
Clements, Mark A.
Iterative Speech Enhancement with
Spectral Constraints – 58
Clinch, Philip
ATC Com Upgrades-Designing to Satisfy
Airline Business Case for Avionics – 16
Coburn, M. D.
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials
to Higher Value Products – 34
Coen, Peter G.
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Cohen, Elaine
Minimum Distance Queries for Polygonal
and Parametric Models – 182
Colla, A. M.
A Connected Speech Recognition System
Based on Spotting Diphone-Like
Segments - Preliminary Results – 218
Collins Peterson, Carolyn
From Astronomy to Zeus – 233
Comeau, Marc A.
Structure of the Submarking Reachability
Problem and Network Programming
– 140
Comitz, Paul
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15
Concordel, Gilles
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Conkling, B. L.
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
Connor, B.
BERG2 Micro-Computer Estimation of
Freeze and Thaw Depths and Thaw Consolidation
– 122
Conrad, H.
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable
and Ultrafine Microstructures with
an Electric Field or Current – 184
Constantinides, Anthony G.
Speech Spectral Segmentation for Spectral
Estimation and Formant Modeling
– 158
Coombs, Mike
On Models for Coordination of Activity
and It’s Disruption – 179
Coover, Edwin R.
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion
Prevention Systems
(HIPS) – 140
Coplan,K.P.
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
Cornell, Brad
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance,
Boeing, Airservices Australia,
QANTAS – 3
Corrigan, G.
Annotated Bibliogrphry of EDGE2D
Use – 214
Costa, J. E.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Coulston, J. W.
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
Couture, Bart
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
Cowan, C. F. N.
A New Approach to Noise-Robust
LPC – 54
Assessment of Finite Precision Limitations
in LMS and BLMS Adaptive Algorithms
– 55
Cozzens, M. B.
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
Crabtree, Dennis
Gemini Publications: Growth and Impact
– 231
Craft, Kristi J.
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
Craigen, Dan
Conclusions
tions – 39
and Recommenda-
Embedded Systems – 143
Crane, Leslie
The Right Radar Backup for ADS-
B – 48

Crisp, J.
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Cristiani, Jonathan
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Crocker, W. H.
Compaction with Performance Optimization
– 69
Croft, W. B.
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale
Images Using Global Similarity – 223
Statistical Language Modeling for Information
Retrieval – 224
Cross, James
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Crow, Robert
An Integrated Global CNS System – 13
Cruz, Claude A.
Flow-of-Activation Processing – 151
Cuchiaro, J.
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
Cuffney, Thomas F.
The National Water-Quality Assessment
Program Invertebrate Data Analysis System
(IDAS) Software: Version 3 (User’s
Manual) – 137
Cullen, D. E.
Simple Model of Delayed Neutron Emission
– 202
Culotta, Aron
Practical Markov Logic Containing First-
Order Quantifiers With Application to
Identity Uncertainty – 175
Reducing Labeling Effort for Structured
Prediction Tasks – 180
Current, K. W.
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
Curtis, C. J.
Direct Write Contacts for Solar
Cells – 95
Cusani, R.
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Cuykendal, Robert
Convergence in Neural Memories
– 139
Daly, E. F.
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class
CW Cryomodule – 213
D’Amico, Francis
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Da-ming, Zhang
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
Daniel, Kelly P.
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
Darlington, P.
Practical Adaptive Noise Reduction in the
Aircraft Cockpit Environment – 19
Stability of Adaptively Controlled
Systems- A Graphical Approach – 155
Darrow, D.
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
Dasgupta, Dipankar
Intelligent Security Console Architecture
– 136
Dasgupta, Soura
Convergence in Neural Memories
– 139
Datta, Amit
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
de Graca Carvalho, Maria
Sustainability and Safety: The Complex
System Properties – 117
DeAngelis, Massimiliano
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
De-chang, Xu
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
DeCombe, C.
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
Deeds, T. M.
Comparison of Alternative Devices to Determine
Aggregate Shape – 195
deFigueiredo, Rui J. P.
A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed
Tolerance Design Centering Based on a
Modified Simplex Method – 67
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a
Class of Non-Gaussian Densities with
Application to Deconvolution – 172
DeGraaf, Kevin H.
The Lexical Access Component of the
CMU Continuous Speech Recognition
System – 155
Degrauwe, M.
A Design Methodology for Decimation
Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
– 68
Dehn, Jon
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via
SWIM – 15
Deitemeyer, A.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Dekker, R. J.
Geographical databases based on satellite
images: Macedonia case – 93
Del Cueto, J. A.
Closed-Form Solutions and Parameterization
of the Problem of Current-Voltage
Performance of Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
Modules Deployed at Fixed Latitude
Tilt – 194
Del Rio, J. A.
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
Delisi, Donald P.
Laboratory and Numerical Studies of the
Effects of Shear on 3-D Vortex Evolution
– 166
Deller, J. R., Jr.
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
Demassieux, Nicolas
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Dembo, Amir
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
– 217
Demongeot, Jacques
Neural Network of the Auditory System:
Influence of the Temporal Context on the
Response Represented by a Random
Field – 208
Demtsu, S. H.
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Denyer, P. B.
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
Serial/Parallel Architectures for Area-
Efficient Vector Multiplication – 129
Techniques to Increase the Computational
Throughput of Bit-Serial Architectures
– 125
Deprettere, Ed. F.
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms
of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on
to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays – 70
Dereniak, Eustace L.
Snapshot-Imaging Spectropolarimeter
– 40
Derin, Haluk
Segmentation of Noisy Textured Images
Using Simulated Annealing – 59
B-7

The Modeling and Segmentation of
Speckled Images – 163
Derouault, Anne-Marie
Context-Dependent Phonetic Markov
Models for Large Vocabulary Speech
Recognition – 218
Desai, Madhav P.
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
De-sheng, Wang
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
Devadas, Srinivas
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral
Descriptions: An Algorithmic Approach
– 150
Dewang, L.
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics
& Astronautics, Volume 37, Number
5, October 2005 – 1
Dey, J.
53 MHz Beam Loading Compensation
for Slip Stacking in the Fermilab Main
Injector – 186
Dhas, Chris
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Dhere, R.
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
Dhillon, Santpal S.
Sensor Placement for Grid Coverage Under
Imprecise Detections – 89
Dickinson, Bradley W.
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
Diedrich, Frederick J.
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Dierdorf, Dougls S.
Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation:
Data Supporting Standard Development
– 22
Dijkstra, E.
A Design Methodology for Decimation
Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
– 68
Dimond, K. R.
Integrated Circuit Structures for Processing
Man-Machine Interaction – 73
Ding, Jie
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture
Based on Two-Dimensional
Electrowetting Arrays – 62
Ding, Li
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
B-8
Ding, Shi-jian
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Ding, Zhongli
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
Dippo, P.
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
Divjak, Sasa
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Djordjevic, Antonije R.
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
Doering, D.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Dohlus, M.
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
Dohse, Hans J.
Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
Dolmazon, Jean Marc
Neural Network of the Auditory System:
Influence of the Temporal Context on the
Response Represented by a Random
Field – 208
Dong, Yu-Ning
A Method of Acquiring 3-D Data of an
Object from Stereo Images – 85
Donovan, John M.
VPV--The Velocity Profile Viewer User
Manual – 131
Donovan, Todd
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
– 40
Dorland, W.
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
D’Orta, Paolo
Phoneme Classification for Real Time
Speech Recognition of Italian – 154
Downing, K. H.
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
Doyon, Rene
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey
(GDPS) – 235
Drake, Aaron
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
Drake, R. P.
Diagnostic Testing and NIKE Experiments
– 90
Drezner, Jeffrey A.
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Drnovsek, janko
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Drozhdin, A.
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
DuBois, Terry
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Dudley, Robert W.
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
Dunham, M. O.
A Stochastic Segment Model for
Phoneme-Based Continuous
Speech – 162
Dunham, M.O.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Durandeau, Jean-Pierre
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Durrani, T. S.
New Algorithm for Estimating Optic Flow
for Low Level Vision Systems – 172
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
Dwyer, T.A.W., III
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
Eaton, G. V.
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
Ebata, Katsuhiko
Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic
Array Type Convolvers – 150
Ebina, Tsuyoshi
Research and Development for Victims
Information Registration and Retrieval
System (IAA System) and its Application
to Natural Disasters – 229
Edwards, F. A.
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
Edwards, John
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5

Eiseman, Elizabeth
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
Ekelund, Bjorn
A VLSI Sigma-Delta Waveform Generator
for a Quadrature Type CPM Transmitter
– 77
Elcherif, Y. S.
Sensitivity Analysis of PWL Circuits
– 76
El-Gabali, M.
Segmentation of Noisy Images Modelled
by Markov Random Fields with Gibbs
Distribution – 205
El-Jaroudi, Amro
Discrete All-Pole Modeling for Voiced
Speech – 44
Elliott, Linda R.
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
Elliott, Linda
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
Elliott, S. J.
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
Stability of Adaptively Controlled
Systems- A Graphical Approach – 155
Emergy, K. E.
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Emergy, K.
Trust But Verity: Procedures to Achieve
Accurate Efficiency Measurements for All
Photovoltaic Technologies – 216
Entin, Eileen B.
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
Entin, Elliot E.
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Optimized Command and Control Architectures
for Improved Process and Performance
– 45
Eom, Hyeonsang
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-
State Routing – 227
Ephraim, Yariv
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
– 217
Erdelyi, B.
Feasibility Study of Beam-Beam Compensation
in the Tevatron with
Wires – 190
Esaki, H.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Esselman, T. R.
Some Applications of Mathematical Morphology
to Range Imagery – 181
Evans, Joseph B.
Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS
Adaptive Algorithm – 74
Fadavi-Ardekani, Jalil
Realization of Structurally LBR Digital
Allpass Networks – 71
Fagan, Joseph
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for
M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera
System) – 63
Fagan, T. J.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Fagg, Andrew H.
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
Fair, Richard B.
Reconfigurable Microfluidic System Architecture
Based on Two-Dimensional
Electrowetting Arrays – 62
Fantacci, Romano
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
Farazi, Perry
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
Farley, John P.
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Farroha, B.
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
Faruque, S. M.
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
Feder, Meir
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based
on the EM Algorithm – 55
Feher, S.
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
Fellenz, B.
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Feng, Xue-zhang
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Feng-yun, Zhang
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
Ferreri, Francesco
Limited Characterization of the SPADS
Radar System, Project ‘START’ – 20
Ferrer-Roca, A. O.
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology
for Agent Technology – 161
Ferretti, Marco
Phoneme Classification for Real Time
Speech Recognition of Italian – 154
Fettweis, A.
On the Synthesizability of Multidimensional
Lossless Two-Ports – 171
Figueiras-Vidal, Anibal, R.
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive
Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
– 208
Figueredo, K.
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology
for Agent Technology – 161
Finin, Tim
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing
Environment – 152
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent
Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
– 45
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
Fischer, Scott
Recent Science Highlights – 236
Fisher, S. K.
Technical Equivalency Documentation
for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
– 123
Flockton, Stuart J.
Cancellation of Acoustic Noise in a Pipe
Using Digital Adaptive Filters – 203
Floettmann, K.
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
Floh, Arne
Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations
– 161
Flora, R.
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Flore, C. L.
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
B-9

Fomin, Pavel
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Fong, R.
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
Forsberg, B.
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
Forsyth, William A.
State and Local Intelligence Fusion Centers:
An Evaluative Approach in Modeling
a State Fusion Center – 222
Fossum, Donna
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
Foster, G. W.
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
Fougere, Paul F.
On the Extreme Accuracy of Maximum
Entropy Spectrum Estimation from an
Error-Free Autocorrelation Function
– 118
Fournier, Donald F.
Energy Trends and Their Implications for
U.S. Army Installations – 93
Fox, W.
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic
Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency
Range – 199
Franco, A.
Telemedicine Intelligent Learning. Ontology
for Agent Technology – 161
Fredrickson, E. D.
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
Freeman, Jared T.
Mixed-Initiative Control of Robotic Systems
– 224
Freudenthal, Eric
Credentialed Secure Communication
‘Switchboards’ – 152
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Friedlander, Banjamin
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
Friedlander, Benjamin
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Friedman, D. J.
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
B-10
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1xNyAs1-y
Solar Cells – 192
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the
Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar
Cells – 216
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized
by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
– 79
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar
Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
– 96
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Fruchter, Gila
On Several Variable Zero Sets and Application
to MIMO Feedback Stabilization
– 171
Fuhliang, Wen
The Method of Bouncing Measurement
for Determining the Electromechanical
Coupling Characteristics of a Langevin
Vibrator Using Matrix Photo-
Interrupters – 52
Gaillard, Paul
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded
Planar Objects by a Two Steps
Processing – 158
Gallais, Evelyne
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
Ganeshan, A. S.
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
(IRNSS) Concept – 32
Gao, Jin-Feng
Chaotic Oscillations in a Forced Second
Order Circuit Containing a Piecewise-
Linear Capacitor – 71
Garcia, Manuel L.
Aeronautical Network Research Simulator
(ANRS) – 24
Garcia-Otero, Mariano
On the Distributions of Small-Sample Estimates
of Second-Order AR Process
Parcor Coefficients – 172
Garg, Devendra P.
Sensor Modeling and Multi-Sensor Data
Fusion – 230
Garmoe, Timothy L.
Characterization of the Global Hawk Low
Pressure Turbine First Rotor – 81
Garn, T. G.
Fundamental UNEX Chemistry – 33
Gedvilas, L. M.
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
Gee, R.
DPB Hydrogen Getters on Pd (110) Its
Action and the Effect of Impurities – 37
Geiger, Randall L.
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator
Loop OTA Filter Structures
– 72
Geisler, Wilson S.
Texture Segmentation Using a Class of
Narrowband Filters – 209
Geisz, J. F.
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1xNyAs1-y
Solar Cells – 192
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the
Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar
Cells – 216
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
Gerson, Ira A.
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
Gerveshi, Christine
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
Gessert, T. A.
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
Ghasripoor, Farshad
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
Ghavamzadeh, Mohammad
Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement
Learning – 159
Ghosh, Anjan
Convergence in Neural Memories
– 139
Giannakis, G. B.
ARMA Modeling Using Cumulant and
Autocorrelation Statistics – 162
Giguere, Stephen
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
Gillis, M. P. W.
Automated Support Structured Troubleshooting
– 160
Vision for a future diagnostic architecture
– 141
Ginsburg, C. M.
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
Gippius, A. A.
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Girczyc, E. F.
Loop Winding-A Data Flow Approach to
Functional Pipelining – 67

Gitterman, Yefim
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning
into Various Regional Phases
From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region – 102
Glaros, Gregory E.
Distributed Adaptive Operations: Command
& Control of Networked-enabled
Forces,Geographically Dispersed – 50
Glass, H. D.
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
Glauert, Sarah A.
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
Glickman, Steve
The Business Case for SWIM – 15
Glinski, Stephen
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
Gluckstern, R. L.
Impedance of Finite Length Resistor
– 79
Gnanabharanidharan, N.
Spacecraft In-Orbit Operations through
Multi-Mission Ground Software – 32
Godfrey, Gregory A.
Top-Down Mechanism Design Study for
Multi-UAV Search and Surveillance
– 21
Goldner, Dan
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
– 231
Gonda, John
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Good, G. W.
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft
Maintenance Personnel Performing
Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
– 114
Gopaul, Richard D.
Selective Routing for the Mobile IP LAN
Protocol – 144
Gottuk, Daniel T.
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Goutsias, John
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
Graham, David H.
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Grant, P. M.
Assessment of Finite Precision Limitations
in LMS and BLMS Adaptive Algorithms
– 55
Greenberg, Michael D.
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
Gribble, David
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
Griffiths, Lloyd J.
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
– 42
Grosjean, Jesse
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured
Graphics – 135
Grote, D. P.
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200
Grupen, Roderic A.
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
Guang-xing, You
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Gubina, Ferdo
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Guerin, B.
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
Guescini, R.
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible
and Exploratory Learning – 220
Gupta, L.
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
Gupta, R.
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
(IRNSS) Concept – 32
Gussio, Rick
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Gyllenhaal, J.
DynTG: A Tool for Interactive, Dynamic
Instrumentation – 122
Gyoda, Koichi
States and Trends of Technologies in the
Ad Hoc Networks Applicable to Emergency
Communications – 149
Habayeb, Rick
Advanced Wireless Integrated Navy Network
- AWINN – 62
Hagen, Nathan
Snapshot-Imaging Spectropolarimeter
– 40
Hakoda, Takahisa
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
Halaxa, E.
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200
Haley, Stephen B.
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks
with Reduced Rank Components – 77
Hallowell, Paul E.
Maritime Patrol Aircraft - Operational Versatility
from the Sea – 22
Halpin, J.
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
Halverson, Kelly M.
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Hamba, Nobuhiro
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85
Hamilton, Miriam
Passive Ranging in Multipath-Dominated
Environment – 210
Hamilton, T. F.
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
Hammond, B.
Performance Parameters for Grid-
Connected PV Systems – 97
Hammond, J. K.
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
Hammond, Mark H.
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Hampton, Steven
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
Hamzeh, Belal
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
Hancock, E.
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
Hanlon, Dan
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) Industry Engagement – 24
B-11

Hann, P. R.
Technical Equivalency Documentation
for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
– 123
Hanna, B.
NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2
Magnets – 185
Hanna, M. C.
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
Hanna, Magdy T.
Design and Implementation of Velocity
Filters Using Multichannel Array Processing
Techniques – 66
Hansen, John H.
Iterative Speech Enhancement with
Spectral Constraints – 58
Hansen, S.
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
Hanson, Allen R.
On Multi-Scale Differential Features for
Face Recognition – 80
Hanson, William a.
Flow-of-Activation Processing – 151
Han-zhong, Feng
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113
Harada, Tetsuya
High Resolution Frequency Analysis of
Voices-Feature Extraction of Nasal Consonants
– 204
Harding, D. J.
New Correction Magnet Package for the
FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron – 198
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
Harding, Eric C.
Diagnostic Testing and NIKE Experiments
– 90
Hargus, William A., Jr
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
Harrington, Roger F.
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
Harris, Patricia A.
Where’s the Remote Control? It’s Time
for Virtual Justice: A Proposal to Amend
the Rules of Court-Martial to Allow for
Testimony by Video Teleconference
– 87
Harrison, Mike
Role of Multi-Mode Multi-Function Digital
Avionics in the Future NAS – 26
Hartell, Mark G.
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
B-12
Hartt, Keith D.
The Modeling and Segmentation of
Speckled Images – 163
Hasoon, F. S.
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
Hassan, Hassan A.
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
Haton, Jean-Paul
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
Haug, John R.
A Cascadable Adaptive FIR Filter VLSI
IC – 126
Hauptmann, Alexander G.
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
Hawkins, Tom W.
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
Hayden, H.
Performance Parameters for Grid-
Connected PV Systems – 97
Hayes, Robert R.
High Linearity Wideband Coherent Amplitude
Modulation (AM) Radio Frequency
(RF)-Photonic Links – 63
He, Daqing
Comparing User-Assisted and Automatic
Query Translation – 145
He, Zhen-Ya
A Method of Acquiring 3-D Data of an
Object from Stereo Images – 85
He, Zhen-ya
A New Algorithm for Maximum Entropy
Image Reconstruction – 203
Heflin, Jeff
Dynamic Ontologies on the Web – 136
Searching the Web with SHOE – 225
Semantic
Web – 147
Interoperability on the
Heinomen, Pekkra
Suppression and Detection of Impulse
Type Interference Using Adaptive Median
Hybrid Filters – 57
Helfman, Jonathan I.
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
Helgert, Herman J.
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
Hendler, James
Dynamic Ontologies on the Web – 136
Searching the Web with SHOE – 225
Semantic
Web – 147
Interoperability on the
Henriksen, Steve
Defining Command, Control, and Communications
(C3) for Unmanned Aircraft
Systems (UAS) – 30
Hepp, Andrew
The Standalone Traffic Information Service
(TIS) Server – 4
Herbst, R. S.
Fundamental UNEX Chemistry – 33
Hering, Horst
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
– 11
Hero, Alfred O.
Applications of Error Intensity Measures
to Bearing Estimation – 163
Herrin, Eugene
Evidence for an Infrasound
Waveguide – 210
Herve, Thierry
Neural Network of the Auditory System:
Influence of the Temporal Context on the
Response Represented by a Random
Field – 208
Hess, Kathleen P.
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Hess, Stephen M.
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
Hickman, D. P.
Technical Equivalency Documentation
for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
– 123
Hicks, D. M.
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
Hicks, Ricky P.
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
Hicks, W. R.
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class
CW Cryomodule – 213
Hightower, Ron R.
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
Higuchi, Tatsuo
Minimization of Sensitivity of 2-D State-
Space Digital Filters and Its Relation to
2-D Balanced Realizations – 171
Hill, C.
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
Hinkle, Eric B.
Fast Image Segmentation for Some Machine
Vision Applications – 118
Hirabayashi, Kimitaka
On Generalized Feussner’s Principle in a
Two-graph – 120

Hiroki, A.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Hisada, Yoshiaki
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
Hocevar, Susan P.
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Hocken, R. J.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Hodgkins, Glenn A.
Historical Dates of Ice-Affected Flows for
18 Rivers in New England – 229
Hodgkins, Philip D.
Departure Exclusion Zone (DEZ) -aFuture
Concept to Enhance Runway Operations
Using Aircraft Derived Data – 9
Hoey, David
Civil GPS Systems and Potential Vulnerabilities
– 30
Hofbauer, Konrad
Digital Signatures for the Analogue Radio
– 11
Hogan, Thor
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
Hogervorst, M. A.
Results of and Adjustments to a Dynamic
Vision Test – 114
Hollan, James D.
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
Hollinger, Kent
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Holm, Sverre
Objective Methods for Comparing Autoregressive
Order-Determining Criteria
– 119
Holt, F.
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Holtschlag, D. J.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Hong-hui, Yang
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
Hong-lei, Ma
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
Horne, Richard B.
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
Horvat, Bogomir
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Hosea, J.
LHCD Launcher for Alcator C-Mod Design,
Construction, Calibration and Testing
– 214
Hosek, James
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
Hosokawa, Masafumi
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
Howard, James
An Analysis of Student Satisfaction in
Higher Education Courses Delivered Online
and in the Live Classroom – 220
Hsieh, Hsueh Y.
On the Two Graph Minimum Modified
Nodal Formulation – 68
Hsu, D.
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
Hsu, P. C.
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials
to Higher Value Products – 34
Hsu, Yu-Chin
A Procedure for a Chip Floorplanning
– 73
Hua, Zhang
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
Huang, Qiu
Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits
– 67
Huang, X.
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the
Fermilab Booster – 29
Huertas, J. L.
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using
Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
– 71
Hui, Gong
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Hung, Brian
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Hung, H.
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently
Averaged Covariance Matrix for
the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources – 173
Hung, Josh
System Wide Information Management
Prototyping Activities: An Architecture for
Common Messaging – 15
Hung, Joshua
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Enables
an Agile National Airspace System
- SWIM Provides the Pipeline Services
– 15
Hung-Hsing, Lin
3D Posture Determination of a Wheeled
Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning
and Ultrasonic Measurements – 154
Hutchins, Susan G.
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
Hwa, Rebecca
Breaking the Resource Bottleneck for
Multilingual Parsing – 135
Hyre, Aaron M.
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin
(GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD)
Vapor Challenge Testing of Commercial
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
– 116
Ianniello, John P.
High Resolution Multipath Time Delay
Estimation for Broadband Random Signals
– 204
Igue, Roberto T.
Experimental Investigation of a Lift Augmented
Ground Effect Platform – 20
Ikonomopoulos, A.
Aspects of Directional Filtering and Applications
in Image Processing – 85
Imer, Cagri
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Inaba, Naohiko
Period-doubling Bifurcation and Chaos in
a Constrained Circuit – 78
Inoue, Tadashi
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Inoue, Yoshiaki
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85
Irick, S. C.
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related
Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray
Optics with a Long Trace Profiler – 193
B-13

Irons, F. H.
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation
of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital
Converters – 67
Isbell, Douglas
NOAO/NSO Newsletter: Issue 84 – 232
Ishida, Tsunetake
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
Ishizuka, Hirokazu
Error Detection and Authentication in
Quantum Key Distribution – 169
Ismail, Ismail M.
Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of
Aluminum Hydride in Argon – 36
Ismail, Mohammed
Active RC-Building Blocks for
MOSFET-C Integrated Filters – 64
Ivanov, P. M.
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and
Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole
Families at Tevatron – 189
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail
Instability at Tevatron – 189
Iwaniczko, E.
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
Iwao, Tadashige
Autonomous Access Control Among
Nodes in Sensor Networks with Security
Policies – 148
Iwasaki, H.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Iyengar, S. S.
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Sensor Placement for Grid Coverage Under
Imprecise Detections – 89
Izu, Scott
On Models for Coordination of Activity
and It’s Disruption – 179
Izumida, Tomonori
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Jackson, Michael A. B.
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block
Layout – 69
Jacovitti, G.
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Jain, Anil K.
Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
Jain, Anup K.
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
(IRNSS) Concept – 32
B-14
Jain, V. K.
Autocorrelation Distortion Function for
Improved AR Modeling – 60
Jalleta, Ezra
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected
FAA Weather Systems – 151
Jang, Jenn-Tian
Passivity-Based Boundary Control of a
Flexible-Link Gantry Robot – 153
Janik, Daniel
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
Jansson, A.
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron
Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
– 191
Jarvis, Harold F., Jr.
Design of Continuous Gain Adaptive Alpha
Beta Trackers for Passive Sonar
Application – 204
Jensen, James O.
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Jensen, Joe
Why the Aspen Program Now? – 221
Jeong, Dong-seok
Unified Approach for Low Level Image
Analysis – 158
Jeong, Hong
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of
VLSI Circuits – 56
Jezernik, Karel
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Ji, H.
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic
Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency
Range – 199
Jia-Lun, Pang
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
Jian, Shu-Zhong
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Jiang, C. S.
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
Jiang, Shi-zhong
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
Jiang, Yuan-da
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Jiao, L. C.
Subharmonic Bifurcation, Stability and
Chaos – 79
Jin, Jianming
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for
Electromagnetic Analysis – 185
Jiong-jiong, Yang
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Johnson, C. Richard, Jr.
Exciting Conditions for Quantized State
Adaptive Algorithms – 53
Johnson, Dana J.
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
Johnson, David E.
Minimum Distance Queries for Polygonal
and Parametric Models – 182
Johnson, Don H.
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
Johnson, Dustin
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
Johnson, G. W.
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array
Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a
Known Rotation – 43
Johnson, Stephen B.
The USA Air Force and the Culture of
Innovation, 1945-1965 – 144
Johnston, S. W.
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized
by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
– 79
Johnston, S.
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
Joiner, Laurie
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Jones, K. M.
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
Jones, K.
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
Jones, R. A.
A Concavity Based Algorithm for the Recognition
of Partially Occluded
3-Dimensional Objects – 86
Jonston, S. W.
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the
Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar
Cells – 216
Jorgensen, G. J.
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34

Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
Jorgensen, Inger
Gemini Queue Operations & Completion
Rates – 84
Star Formation in Rich Galaxy Clusters
– 232
Jorgenson, Inger
Observing Efficiency at Gemini Observatory
– 84
Joseph, Thomas K.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Joshi, Anupam
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing
Environment – 152
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent
Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
– 45
Juang, B. H.
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
Juang, Chia-Feng
Power System Load Frequency Control
by Genetic Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controller
– 181
Judt, Jason
CompreX: XML Compression and the
Airborne Internet – 14
Jun, Fei
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Jun, Young-Hyun
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
Jun-cheng, Jiang
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
Jung, K.
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable
and Ultrafine Microstructures with
an Electric Field or Current – 184
Juristo, Natalia
Verification and Validation: Current and
Best Practice – 128
Jutand, Francis
An Optimized VLSI Architecture for a
Multiformat Discrete Cosine Transform
– 125
Kadobayashi, Youki
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure
Overlay Networks – 138
Kagal, Lalana
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Kaganovich, I. D.
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
Kai, Toshifumi
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting
Illegal Access – 148
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Kailath, T.
A Fast Transversal Filter for Adaptive
Line Enhancement – 42
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
Continuous-Time Least-Squares Fast
Transversal Filters – 156
On the Stability of Adaptive Lattice Filters
– 173
Kamada, Masaru
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
Kamat, S. M.
Simulation of Piezoelectric Effect in Nastran:
Experimental and Analytical Estimation
of Dynamic Response of a Circular
Plate – 141
Kamat, Shivanand M.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Kamio, Masakazu
Log Management System Based on Distributed
Database Using P2P Network
– 139
Kampichler, Wolfgang
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric
Operations – 140
Kanade, Vivekanand S.
Simulation of Piezoelectric Effect in Nastran:
Experimental and Analytical Estimation
of Dynamic Response of a Circular
Plate – 141
Kaneko, Toshinobu
A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KA-
SUMI – 170
An Expansion Algorithm for Higher Order
Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key
Ciphers – 168
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for
Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
– 168
Kang, S. M.
VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate
Delay Measurements Under Transmission
Line Effects – 72
Karabeg, D
Polyscopic Topic Maps-Based Flexible
and Exploratory Learning – 220
Karamcheti, Vijay
Credentialed Secure Communication
‘Switchboards’ – 152
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Enforcing Resource Sharing Agreements
Among Distributed Server Clusters
– 136
Modeling of Concurrent Web Sessions
with Bounded Inconsistency in Shared
Data – 146
Karaul, Mehmet
Metacomputing and Resource Allocation
on the World Wide Web – 132
Karlsson, E.
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
Karna, Shashi P.
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
Karr, A. F.
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
Kartawidjaya, M. A.
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
Kasahara, Hideki
An Approach for Analysis of Chaos in
Josephson Autonomous Circuit – 66
Kashikhin, V. S.
New Correction Magnet Package for the
FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron – 198
Kashikhin, V. V.
Field Quality Study in NB(3)SN Accelerator
Magnets – 197
Kasianowicz, John J.
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Kaveh, M.
On the Statistical Sufficiency of the Coherently
Averaged Covariance Matrix for
the Estimation of the Parameters of
Wideband Sources – 173
Kavehrad, Mohsen
Beaming Bandwidth via Laser Communications
– 80
Kawabata, Mariko
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Kawamata, Masayuki
Minimization of Sensitivity of 2-D State-
Space Digital Filters and Its Relation to
2-D Balanced Realizations – 171
B-15

Kawarada, Hiroshi
A Hierarchical Representation of Random
Waveforms by Scale-Space Filtering
– 87
Kawarda, Hiroshi
High Resolution Frequency Analysis of
Voices-Feature Extraction of Nasal Consonants
– 204
Kay, Steven
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation
of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive
Processes – 173
Kaydanova, T.
Direct Write Contacts for Solar
Cells – 95
Kazuto, Matsuo
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
Keane, J.
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
Properties of High-Efficiency CIGS Thin-
Film Solar Cells – 98
Kearl, Leonard C.
Limited Characterization of the SPADS
Radar System, Project ‘START’ – 20
Kearns, Kathleen
SITA AIRCOM Datalink Implementation
Status – 12
Keenan, Edward
Credentialed Secure Communication
‘Switchboards’ – 152
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Kehl, S. R.
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
Keightley, M.
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
Keijer, W.
Automated Support Structured Troubleshooting
– 160
Vision for a future diagnostic architecture
– 141
Keller, Martin G.
Matching Algorithms and Feature Match
Quality Measures for Model-Based Object
Recognition with Applications to Automatic
Target Recognition – 158
Kelly, Patrick A.
The Modeling and Segmentation of
Speckled Images – 163
Kempe, M. D.
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
B-16
Kemple, William G.
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
Kerilis, J. M.
Some Properties of Prediction and Interpolation
Errors – 118
Kesseler, Ernst
Standards – 39
Kewley-Port, Diane
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
Khanna, Mannu
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Khanna, Mau
Evaluation of IPv6 Services for Future
Aviation Networks – 12
Khosla, Sachin
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
Kiehl, J.
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar
Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
– 96
Trust But Verity: Procedures to Achieve
Accurate Efficiency Measurements for All
Photovoltaic Technologies – 216
Kiel, Jennifer C.
Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation:
Data Supporting Standard Development
– 22
Kim, Tae Sung
Evidence for an Infrasound
Waveguide – 210
Kim, Won-Young
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
Kimball, O. A.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Kimura, Takashi
A Flexible Linear Array Oriented VLSI
Processor for Continuous Speech Recognition
– 125
Kirby, Stephen F.
Model Evaluation Tool – 103
Kirk, Donald E.
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Kirsteins, Ivars P.
High Resolution Time Delay Estimation
– 174
Klein, Alexander
A 4D Flight Profile Server and
Probability-Based 4D Weather Objects:
Toward a Common-Core Toolset for the
NAS – 17
Klein, Laura C.
Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress
on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in
Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine
Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination
of the Gateway Hypothesis
– 109
Kleinman, David L.
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
Kleinman, Davied L.
Adaptive Architectures for Command and
Control: Toward an Empirical Evaluation
of Organizational Congruence and Adaptation
– 45
Kline, K. M.
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts: Astrophysics
– 235
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts:
Light and Matter – 201
Science Day 2005 Poster Abstracts:
Nuclear Physics – 201
Kloker, Kevin L.
The Architecture and Application of the
Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor
Family – 130
Knapp, Kenneth J.
A Model of Managerial Effectiveness in
Information Security: From Grounded
Theory to Empirical Test – 222
Knighton, Shane A.
An Optimal Network-Based Approach to
Scheduling and Re-Rostering Continuous
Heterogeneous Workforces – 178
Knopf, Ken
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
Knorr, Dave
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
– 231

Kobatake, Hidefumi
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85
Texture Recognition Using Final-
Prediction-Error Criterion – 164
Kobatake, idefumi
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis
by Texture Analysis of Chest X-Ray Images
– 183
Kobayashi, Masaki
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo
Canceller – 47
Kobayashi, Shinichi
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements
on Materials Under Stress – 61
Kocin, Michael J.
MMDA Use of JTRS Architecture – 25
Kocin, Michael
Aeronautical Network Research Simulator
(ANRS) – 24
Kodeswaran, Sethuram B.
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
Koeppen, Peter
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
Kofranek, Jiri
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
Koh, Taiho
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
Koizumi, Nobuo
Expansion of Listening Area with Good
Localization in Audio Conferencing
– 208
Komuro, M.
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical
Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear
Resistor – 79
Kontsevoy, J. A.
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Korolev, Vladimir
An Approach to Dynamic Service Management
in Pervasive Computing Systems
– 145
Kosovic, B.
TKE Budgets and Dissipation Rates in
Disturbed Stable Boundary Layers
– 105
Kostin, M.
8 GeV H- Ions: Transport and Injection
– 190
Kostoff, Ronald N.
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
Kotz, David
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Economic Markets as a Means of Open
Mobile-Agent Systems – 137
Solar: A Pervasive-Computing Infrastructure
for Context-Aware Mobile Applications
– 132
Kourbanis, I.
53 MHz Beam Loading Compensation
for Slip Stacking in the Fermilab Main
Injector – 186
Koutchouk, J. P.
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
Kowalczyk, Mark
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
Krabbendam, A. J.
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance
Situation Awareness – 160
Krakauer, Teresa
Chemotherapeutics Targeting Immune
Activation by Staphylococcal Superantigens
– 106
Krasner, M. A.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Kratver, Steven G.
A VLSI Implementation of the Partial
Rank Algorithm for Adaptive Signal Processing
– 86
Krautheim, Mark
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
Krinksy, S.
Impedance of Finite Length Resistor
– 79
Krishnaprasad, P. S.
A Novel Non-Orthogonal Joint Diagonalization
Cost Function for ICA – 166
Kroc, T. K.
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
Ku, Walter H.
A Bit-Serial Floating-Point Complex
Multiplier-Accumulator for Fault-Tolerant
Digital Signal Processing Arrays – 207
Kubala, G. F.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Kubitz, William J.
A Procedure for a Chip Floorplanning
– 73
Kuh, E. S.
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block
Layout – 69
Kulsrud, R.
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic
Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency
Range – 199
Kumar, Anil
Evaluation of IPv6 Services for Future
Aviation Networks – 12
Kumar, Jit
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
Kumar, Manish
Sensor Modeling and Multi-Sensor Data
Fusion – 230
Kumar Parhi, Keshab
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
Kundu, Amlan
Lemniscate Transform: A New Efficient
Technique for Shape Coding and Representation
– 118
Kurc, Tahsin
The Virtual Microscope – 142
Kurihara, Noriyuki
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Kurth, Christoph
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric
Operations – 140
Kurtz, S. R.
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
Kurtz, S.
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1xNyAs1-y
Solar Cells – 192
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the
Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar
Cells – 216
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized
by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
– 79
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar
Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
– 96
Kutsuwa, Toshiro
Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic
Array Type Convolvers – 150
Kwan, J. W.
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200
Lackey, J. R.
New Correction Magnet Package for the
FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron – 198
New Pulsed Orbit Bump Magnets for the
Fermilab Booster Synchrotron – 185
Lagunas, M. A.
Non-Linear Adaptive Signal Processor
– 177
B-17

Lai, Feipei
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
Lai, Li-Chun
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Lakey, Joseph
On Models for Coordination of Activity
and It’s Disruption – 179
Lal, Sachin
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Lalumia, T. Mariano
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
Lambeth, Benjamin S.
American Carrier Air Power at the Dawn
of a New Century – 21
Lamm, M. J.
US Accelerator Contribution to the
LHC – 188
Lanfear, K. J.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Langhans, Werner
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
Lapsa, Paul M.
Unified Approach for Low Level Image
Analysis – 158
Larar, J. N.
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
Larson, Lawrence E.
Switched-Capacitor Building Blocks with
Reduced Sensitivity to Finite Amplifier
Gain, Bandwidth and Offset Voltage
– 115
Laska, William D.
The Single Integrated Airspace Approach
to Global Airspace: One World-One
Airspace-One Perception – 5
Laufer, Konstantin
Polymorphic Type Inference and Abstract
Data Types – 133
Lavrenko, Victor
Optimal Mixture Models in IR – 224
Lawrence, P. D.
Characterizing V2G Filtered Images by
Their Zero Crossings – 182
Leach, Jerald
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
Lebak, J.
Polymorphous Computing Architecture
(PCA) Kernel-Level Benchmarks – 131
B-18
Lebeck, Alvin R.
Load Latency Tolerance in Dynamically
Scheduled Processors – 126
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
Lebedev, V. A.
Betatron Tune Spread Generation and
Differential Chromaticity Control by Octupole
Families at Tevatron – 189
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail
Instability at Tevatron – 189
Lebrun, P.
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron
Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
– 191
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
Lee, Bongshin
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
Lee, C. K.
Co-Channel Speech Separation – 41
Lee, Chang-Woo
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
Lee, Chin-Hui
Robust Linear Prediction for Speech
Analysis – 119
Lee, Gordon
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Lee, Jae C.
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares
Adaptive Algorithms – 163
Lee, Ki-Jun
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
Lee, L. S.
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
Lee, Liang-Sun
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Lee, S. Y.
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the
Fermilab Booster – 29
Lee, Tsong-Li
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Lee, Wai L.
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
Lehmann, Eric
The Lexical Access Component of the
CMU Continuous Speech Recognition
System – 155
Leigh, Tony
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
Lemmon, M.
Representing Lattice Ordered Associative
Memories with Artificial Neural Networks
– 151
Leon, Juan
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
Lepage, A.
The Management of Personnel Collaboration
for the Improvement of Multidisciplinary
Projects – 221
Leung, S. C.
A Second Generation Silicon Compiler
for Bit-Serial Signal Processing Architecture
– 42
Leung, Yu-Ying J.
Dynamic Latch Design for VLSI Array
Processors – 127
Lev-Ari, H.
Complexity Reduced Lattice Filters for
Digital Speech Processing – 217
Continuous-Time Least-Squares Fast
Transversal Filters – 156
On the Stability of Adaptive Lattice Filters
– 173
Levchuk, Georgiy M.
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Scenario Design for the Empirical Testing
of Organizational Congruence – 179
Levchuk, Yuri N.
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired
Effects – 175

Levchuk, Yuri
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Levi, D. H.
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
Levinson, S. E.
Continuous Speech Recognition by
Means of Acoustic/Phonetic Classification
Obtained from a Hidden Markov
Model – 206
Li, C.
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
Li, Qin
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Li, Shiping
Jump Detection and Fast Parameter
Tracking for Piecewise AR Processes
Using Adaptive Lattice Filters – 59
Li, Xiao-ping
Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue
Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy
– 112
Li, Xiao-song
The Automatic Classification of the Welding
Defects – 86
Li, Zhi-li
Progress in Research of Vascular Contractility
under Weightlessness or Simulated
Weightlessness – 114
Liang, H.
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive
Army Filtering – 208
Li-feng, Qin
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
Liliental-Weber, Z.
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
Lim, Jae S.
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft
Communication Systems – 10
Lin, Chih-Feng
Multiobjective Design Optimization of
Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance
Of Micro-Compliant Mechanisms
– 38
Lin, Feng-Chieh
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control
with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line
Dead-Time Compensation – 51
Lin, Hsien E.
Simplified Class 1 Matched Detection
Filters Using Generalized Transforms
– 71
Lin, P. M.
Sensitivity Analysis of PWL Circuits
– 76
Lin, Shui-Chun
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
Lin, Tao
Minimization of Sensitivity of 2-D State-
Space Digital Filters and Its Relation to
2-D Balanced Realizations – 171
Lin, Z. H.
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
Lin-chu, Guan
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Linden, Henri
Quasihyperbolic Geodesics and Uniformity
in Elementary Domains – 181
Lindenmeyer, C. W.
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
Lindholm, Tenny A.
Air Traffic Management Decision Support
Using Integrated Methods of Diagnosing
and Forecasting Aviation Weather – 8
Lindquist, Claude S.
Simplified Class 1 Matched Detection
Filters Using Generalized Transforms
– 71
Ling, Fuyun
Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed
Coefficient Adaptation – 165
Lins, Raymond R.
Domestic Preparedness Program: Sarin
(GB) and Distilled Sulfur Mustard (HD)
Vapor Challenge Testing of Commercial
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
– 116
Lipscomb, S.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Little, Stephen F.
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Liu, Bede
Variable Step Size Methods for the LMS
Adaptive Algorithm – 74
Liu, Chang-Huan
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
Liu, F.
Active RC-Building Blocks for
MOSFET-C Integrated Filters – 64
Liu, Minqi
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected
FAA Weather Systems – 151
Liu, Roey-wen
Fault Diagnosis of Piecewise-Linear Circuits
– 67
Liu, Vincent C.
New Normal-Forms for IIR Filter Realizations,
Based on Circulants and Skew-
Circulants – 65
Liu, Wen-xi
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Liu, Xiangqian
Signal Detection and Jammer Localization
in Multipath Channels for Frequency
Hopping Communications – 88
Liu, Xiaoyong
Statistical Language Modeling for Information
Retrieval – 224
Liu, Xin-Min
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Lloyd, Q. R.
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
Lo, Chi-Yuan
Compaction with Performance Optimization
– 69
Loeffler, Ch.
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Lombardi, F.
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size
VLSl Arrays – 67
Long, Guozhu
Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed
Coefficient Adaptation – 165
Longworth, Terri L.
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the IMS20000 (trademark)
(Bruker Daltonics GmbH Ion Mobility
Spectrometer 2000) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 82
Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation
of the Raid-M (Bruker Saxonia Analytik
GmbH Rapid Alarm and Identification
Device - Monitor) Against Chemical
Warfare Agents Summary Report – 88
Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing
of SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and
Vapor Detector Against Chemical Warfare
Agents Summary Report – 88
Loo, S. V. D.
Automated Support Structured Troubleshooting
– 160
Loo, S. v.d.
Vision for a future diagnostic architecture
– 141
B-19

Lopez-Perez, Javier
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
Lorell, Mark
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Lotti, P.
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
Lou, Yuang
Efficient Array Processing Structures for
Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters – 73
Loynes, John W.
The Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) System Wide Information Management
(SWIM) Program – 7
Lu, Chun-Feng
Power System Load Frequency Control
by Genetic Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controller
– 181
Lumpkin, A. H.
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
Lund, S. M.
Space-Charge Transport Limits in Periodic
Channels – 200
Lundquist, J. K.
TKE Budgets and Dissipation Rates in
Disturbed Stable Boundary Layers
– 105
Luo, Jie
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
Luther, T. A.
Fundamental UNEX Chemistry – 33
Luu, Brian B.
Selective Routing for the Mobile IP LAN
Protocol – 144
Lynch, James A.
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Lynch, John T.
A Methodology for Evaluating the Performance
of Dynamic Range Control Algorithms
for Speech Enhancement – 57
Lytle, Dean W.
A Practical Approach to Estimation of
Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a
Composite Signal in Non-White Gaussian
Noise – 204
Ma, Ai-Jun
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
B-20
Ma, Hengjie
The Four Tones Recognition of Continuous
Chinese Speech – 157
MacDowell, A. A.
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related
Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray
Optics with a Long Trace Profiler – 193
Mack, C.
Trust But Verity: Procedures to Achieve
Accurate Efficiency Measurements for All
Photovoltaic Technologies – 216
MacMillan, Jean
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
Mixed-Initiative Control of Robotic Systems
– 224
Madden, Timothy J.
Simulation of Flow Unsteadiness in
Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser Devices
– 89
Maeno, Takahiro
Properties of an Orthogonal-Type Echo
Canceller – 47
Maglieri, Domenic J.
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Mahadevan, Sridhar
Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement
Learning – 159
Learning Hierarchical Models of Activity
– 222
Mahan, A. H.
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
Maheswaran, Rajiv T.
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Maiti, A.
DPB Hydrogen Getters on Pd (110) Its
Action and the Effect of Impurities – 37
Makarov, A.
New Correction Magnet Package for the
FERMILAB Booster Synchrotron – 198
Makhoul, J.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Makhoul, John
Discrete All-Pole Modeling for Voiced
Speech – 44
Maki, Daniel
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
Makino, Kyoko
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program
by Static Detection – 138
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural
Language Text – 169
Malakooti, Mohammad V.
CARMA Model Methods of Two-
Dimensional Shape Classification: An
Eigensystem Approach vs. the LP
Norm – 166
Malik, N.
Reducing Cocktail Party Noise by Adaptive
Army Filtering – 208
Malony, A. D.
Performance Technology for Tera-Class
Parallel Computers: Evolution of the TAU
Performance System – 122
Malpohl, Guido
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
Manfred, Victoria
Learning Hierarchical Models of Activity
– 222
Man-Kuan, Vai
An Improved Building Block Model for
Placement Using Simulated Annealing
– 74
Manmatha, R.
Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval Research
at the Center for Intelligent Information
Retrieval – 222
Multi-Modal Retrieval of Trademark Images
Using Global Similarity – 223
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale
Images Using Global Similarity – 223
Maragos, Petros
Pattern Spectrum of Images and Morphological
Shape-Size Complexity
– 105
Marchetti, A. A.
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
Marchionni, A.
Operational Performance of a Bunch by
Bunch Digital Damper in the FERMILAB
Main Injector – 197
Marek-Sadowska, M.
Timing-Driven Routing for Building Block
Layout – 69
Marion, B.
Performance Parameters for Grid-
Connected PV Systems – 97
Maroney, David R.
Strategic Applications of Controller-
Assigned Airborne Separation
(CAAS) – 23

Martelli, Therese
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Martens, W.
Digitally Programmable SC-Filters Compatible
with Semi-Custom VLSI – 72
Martin, J.
Time Delay Estimation by Autoregressive
Modelization – 174
Martin, N.
Time Delay Estimation by Autoregressive
Modelization – 174
Martinelli, R. E.
Accelerator Mass Spectrometric (AMS)
Measurements of Plutonium Activity
Concentrations and 240Pu/239Pu Atom
Ratios In Soil Extracts Supplied by the
Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring &
Research Center – 200
Martinez, Ruben
Modeling the Infrared Intensity of a Large
Commerical Aircraft – 2
Martio, Olli
Quasihyperbolic Geodesics and Uniformity
in Elementary Domains – 181
Martz,H.E.
Dimensional Measurements of Three
Tubes by Computed Tomography – 83
Maruyama, Yuko
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Marx, M.
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
Mason, Quint
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103
Mathis, Dean W.
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
Matolak, David
Next Generation Airport Surface Communications
– 40
Matsumoto, Fumiko
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Research and Development for Victims
Information Registration and Retrieval
System (IAA System) and its Application
to Natural Disasters – 229
Matsumoto, Tadashi
On Generalized Feussner’s Principle in a
Two-graph – 120
On the Finest Classification of All the
Common Trees in a Two-Graph: Approach
by a Matroid with Parity Structure
– 68
Matsumoto, T.
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical
Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear
Resistor – 79
Matsumoto, Tsutomu
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
Matsushima, Ryu
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Matsushima, Yuichi
Researches on Information Security in
NICT – 229
Mattock, Michael
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
Maxwell, R. S.
Assessment of Raman Spectroscopy as
a Silicone Pad Production Diagnostic
– 38
May, J.
DynTG: A Tool for Interactive, Dynamic
Instrumentation – 122
Mayaram, Kartikeya
CODECS: An Object-Oriented Mixed-
Level Circuit and Device Simulator – 70
Mazor, B.
Enhancement of Block-Coded
Speech – 58
McCaffrey, Tim
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103
McCallum, Andrew
A Conditional Random Field for
Discriminatively-Trained Finite-State
String Edit Distance – 225
Mccallum, Andrew
Composition of Conditional Random
Fields for Transfer Learning – 134
McCallum, Andrew
Practical Markov Logic Containing First-
Order Quantifiers With Application to
Identity Uncertainty – 175
Reducing Labeling Effort for Structured
Prediction Tasks – 180
McCarrick, J. F.
Numerical Study of On-Axis Dose Rate
from Ta and W Bremsstrahlung Converter
Targets – 199
McClellan, Mark
Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures
of Voice Communications System
Performance – 41
McClintock, F. A.
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
McCrory, E.
Characterizing Luminosity Evolution in
the Tevatron – 187
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
– 197
Monte Carlo of Tevatron Operations, Including
the Recycler – 187
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
McDermott, John P.
A Formal Syntax and Semantics for the
GSPML Language – 130
McGhee, K. K.
Comparison of Alternative Devices to Determine
Aggregate Shape – 195
McGregor, M. S.
Techniques to Increase the Computational
Throughput of Bit-Serial Architectures
– 125
McGregor, Peter
NIFS Sees First Light – 234
McMahon, T. J.
Excess Dark Currents and Transients in
Thin-Film CdTe Solar Cells: Implications
for Cell Stability and Encapsulation of
Scribe Lines and Cell Ends in Modules
– 97
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
McMahon, T.
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
McMahon, W. E.
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
McRae, D. S.
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
Medley, S.
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
Meer, James
Airborne Internet Consortium Forum
– 9
Mei-lun, Liu
An Application of Bin-Packing to Building
Block Placement – 75
Meirina, Candra
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Meisheng, H.
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
Mellini, Mark
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for
M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera
System) – 63
Melsa, James L.
Custom VLSI Design of a Single-Chip
Multichannel ADPCM Processor – 124
B-21

Menard, J.
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
Mendel, J. M.
ARMA Modeling Using Cumulant and
Autocorrelation Statistics – 162
Mendel, Jerry M.
Semi-Markov Random Field Models for
Image Segmentation – 164
Meredith, Karl V.
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
Meredith, Lisa S.
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
Meredith, Nigel P.
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
Merialdo, Bernard
Speech Recognition with Very Large
Size Dictionary – 219
Merritt, Mark W.
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of
Weather Radar Reflectivity Images
– 86
Mersereau, R. M.
Differential Operator Based Edge and
Line Detection – 165
Meserole, Jere S.
Global Communications, Navigation, and
Surveillance Systems Program -
Progress and Plans – 40
Mesic, Richard
The Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation
Methodology – 147
Messerschmitt, David G.
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
Block Digital Filtering Via Incremental
Block State Structure – 171
Mettus, P. W.
Future Global Communications In Efficient
Flight Path Management – 4
Metzger, W.
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
Meyer, Jon
Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured
Graphics – 135
Meyers, David
ESCAN – 49
Mhar, J. I.
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
Michielssen, Eric
Fast Multipole / Wavelet-IML Hybrids for
Electromagnetic Analysis – 185
B-22
Miclet, Laurent
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Miedaner, A.
Direct Write Contacts for Solar
Cells – 95
Mikhael, Wasfy B.
Implementation of the Optimum Block
Adaptive Algorithm in the Frequency Domain
– 64
Miley, George H.
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
Miller, B. K.
A Concavity Based Algorithm for the Recognition
of Partially Occluded
3-Dimensional Objects – 86
Miller, Mary Ellen
Short Range Surveillance Link for Close
Proximity Navigation During Closely
Spaced Parallel Approach – 18
Miller, Susan M.
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
Milles, Michael
RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches:
Concepts and Benefits – 3
Mills, Jeffrey
Energetic Materials Modeling for Rocket
Propulsion – 36
Mills, S.
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
Milly, P. C.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Milor, Linda
Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits
– 74
Ming, Yuan
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
Minor, Christian P.
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Mir-Nasiri, Nazim
Design and Development of Automated
3D Visual Tracking System – 212
Misakian, Martin
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Mishra, Sumita
Secure Key Management for NASA
Space Communication – 31
Mitas, L.
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
Mitasova, H.
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
Mitchell, A. R.
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials
to Higher Value Products – 34
Mitra, Sanjit K.
On Frequency-Domain Least Squares
Adaptive Algorithms – 163
Realization of Structurally LBR Digital
Allpass Networks – 71
Mittal, Rajat
Large-Eddy Simulation of the Tip-Flow of
a Rotor in Hover – 1
Miwa, Shinsuke
A Development of Experimental Environments
‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing
Internet Security Incidents – 138
Miyamichi, Juichi
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis
by Texture Analysis of Chest X-Ray Images
– 183
Miyazaki, Kunihiko
Hysteresis Signature and Its Related
Technologies to Maintain the Digital Evidence
for Network Activities in Future
Society – 150
Mlynski, Dieter A.
A New Relative Placement Procedure
Based on MSST and Linear Programming
– 65
Modugno, E. J.
True Angle Estimation from a Line Array
Using Time-Delay Estimates Over a
Known Rotation – 43
Mohler, Gisele
Continuing the Commitment to Capacity
– 27
Mohler, R. R.
On Identification of Non-Gaussian Time
Series – 162
Mokari-Bolhassan, M. E.
VLSI Device Characterization for Accurate
Delay Measurements Under Transmission
Line Effects – 72
Mokole, Eric
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Montgomery, R. W.
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft
Maintenance Personnel Performing
Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
– 114
Moore, Vernon M.
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103

Morcos, Amir
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for
M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera
System) – 63
More, Greg
High-Temperature Metallic Seal Development
for Aero Propulsion and Gas
Turbine Applications – 83
Moret-Bonillo, Vicente
Validation and Usability Analysis of Intelligent
Systems: An Integrated Approach
– 160
Morgan, David P.
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177
Mori, Akira
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Mori, Ryoichi
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by
Hybrid Spline – 55
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
Mori, Shinsaku
Period-doubling Bifurcation and Chaos in
a Constrained Circuit – 78
Moriarty, T.
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
Morisue, Mititada
An Approach for Analysis of Chaos in
Josephson Autonomous Circuit – 66
Moriyama, Eimatsu
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Moriyama, K.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Moschytz, G. S.
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Mosqueira-Rey, Eduardo
Validation and Usability Analysis of Intelligent
Systems: An Integrated Approach
– 160
Moutinho, H. R.
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
Mulkerin, Thomas
Communications-Supported Concepts
for Highjacked Aircraft – 49
Mun, Minho
Configuration and Evaluation of Systolic
Array Type Convolvers – 150
Murach, J. M.
Development of Automated Production
Line Processes for Solar Brightfield Modules.
Annual Technical Progress Report 1
January 2003-30 June 2004 – 196
Muralidhar, K. V.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Murase, Ichiro
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program
by Static Detection – 138
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
Murphy, Mike
Aeronautical Data Link Road Map, An Air
Carrier Perspective – 3
Murthy, Hema A.
Reconstruction From Fourier Transform
Phase with Applications to Speech
Analysis – 119
Musicus, Bruce R.
Mask Extraction from Optical Images of
VLSI Circuits – 56
Musser, Gregory
Aeronautical Network Research Simulator
(ANRS) – 24
Nagabushanam, S.
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered
MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
– 91
Nairn,D.G.
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
Nakagawa, Hiroshi
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
Nakagawara, V. B.
Medical Surveillance Programs for Aircraft
Maintenance Personnel Performing
Nondestructive Inspection and Testing
– 114
Nakaima, D.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Nakamura, Goichi
Buffer-Overflow Detection in C Program
by Static Detection – 138
Nakano, Shigeyoshi
On Generalized Feussner’s Principle in a
Two-graph – 120
On the Finest Classification of All the
Common Trees in a Two-Graph: Approach
by a Matroid with Parity Structure
– 68
Nakao, Koji
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure
Overlay Networks – 138
Finding Solution to the Illegal Access in
RFID – 229
Nakatani, Hiroshige
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting
Illegal Access – 148
Namai, Tatsuor
Measurement of Two-Dimensional
Movement of Traffic by Image Processing
– 85
Narayan, J.
Promotion or Retention of Desired Metastable
and Ultrafine Microstructures with
an Electric Field or Current – 184
Narins, Mitchell J.
Integrated GPS/eLoran Systems – 4
Navalgund, K. H.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Naylor, J. A.
Techniques for Suppression of an Interfering
Talker in Co-Channel
Speech – 59
Nee, B.
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
Nejhad, Mehrdad G.
Adaptive Damping and Positioning Using
Intelligent Composite Active Structures
(ADPICAS) – 34
Nelis, H.
A Systematic Method for Mapping Algorithms
of Arbitrarily Large Dimensions on
to Fixed Size Systolic Arrays – 70
Nelson, Herbert H.
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Nelson, Keith A.
Semiconductor Coherent Control – 61
Nelson, P. A.
Casual Constraints on the Active Control
of Sound – 207
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research
Annual Report 2005 – 202
Neng-An, Kuo
Design of Adaptive Electronic Hybrid for
Digital Subscriber Loops – 127
Neuvo, Yrjo
Suppression and Detection of Impulse
Type Interference Using Adaptive Median
Hybrid Filters – 57
Nevarez-Lozano, Horacio
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator
Loop OTA Filter Structures
– 72
Newcamp, Jeffrey M.
Effects of Boundary Layer Flow Control
Using Plasma Actuator Discharges
– 184
Newton, A. Richard
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate
Integration Scheme for Circuit
Simulation – 76
Data Path Synthesis From Behavioral
Descriptions:
proach – 150
An Algorithmic Ap-
B-23

Ney, Hermann
Dynamic Programming Speech Recognition
Using a Context Free Grammar
– 157
Nguyen, D.
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Nguyen, H. K.
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
Nguyen, Minh A.
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
Nguyen, Tam L.
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Nguyen, Thanh C.
Systems Methodology to Defining Surface
Network Architecture – 50
Nicholas, Rena
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention
of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems:
A Randomized Controlled
Trial – 108
Nichols, Daniel A.
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
Nichols, R.
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
Nickum, James
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Nieminen, Ari
Suppression and Detection of Impulse
Type Interference Using Adaptive Median
Hybrid Filters – 57
Nikias, Chrysostomos L.
Efficient Array Processing Structures for
Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters – 73
Ning, Chen
Real Time Implementation of Obstacle
Avoidance Manipulator Maneuvers with
Bounded Inputs – 159
Nishiyama, Shigeru
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Nishizaka, Takayuki
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence
Microscopy and its Illumination Optics
– 212
Noh, Sam H.
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-
State Routing – 227
Norman, A. G.
InGaAs/GaAs QD Superlattices: MOVPE
Growth, Structural and Optical Characterization,
and Application in
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells – 99
B-24
Norton, P.
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
Nossal, Michael
Comparing User-Assisted and Automatic
Query Translation – 145
Noufi, R.
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
Properties of High-Efficiency CIGS Thin-
Film Solar Cells – 98
Nowlan, M. J.
Development of Automated Production
Line Processes for Solar Brightfield Modules.
Annual Technical Progress Report 1
January 2003-30 June 2004 – 196
Nowrouzian, B.
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
Nys, O.
A Design Methodology for Decimation
Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
– 68
Nystroem, B.
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
Oard, Douglas W.
Comparing User-Assisted and Automatic
Query Translation – 145
Using Rhythms of Relationships to Understand
Email Archives – 146
Oates, William S.
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive
Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and
Hysteretic Regimes – 60
Odanaka, S.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Ohe, K.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Oh’ishi, Kunio
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis
by Texture Analysis of Chest X-Ray Images
– 183
Ohkouchi, Kazuya
A Study on Process Model for Internet
Risk Analysis – 148
Ohmori, Keisuke
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Ohmuro, Manabu
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Ohno, Hirotuki
A Development of Experimental Environments
‘SIOS’ and ‘VM Nebula’ for Reproducing
Internet Security Incidents – 138
Ohno, Hiroyuki
Research and Development for Victims
Information Registration and Retrieval
System (IAA System) and its Application
to Natural Disasters – 229
Ohta, Yuzo
On the Finest Classification of All the
Common Trees in a Two-Graph: Approach
by a Matroid with Parity Structure
– 68
Ohtsuki, Tatsuo
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a
Tile Plane – 180
Okada, Kazunori
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Limiting the Holding Time in Mobile Cellular
Phone Systems During Disasters
– 46
Okahata, D. M.
A Simulation Model of the Composite
‘Pinch Resistor’ Device Structure on Linear
Bipolar Semi-Custom Integrated Circuits
– 76
O’Keefe, M. A.
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
O’Keefe, M.
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
Olson, J. M.
Lattice-Matched GaNPAs-on-Silicon
Tandem Solar Cells – 216
O’Neal, Jeremy R.
Delay Loop Correction for Programmable
Controllers – 180
Ong, Kwok Y.
Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing
of SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and
Vapor Detector Against Chemical Warfare
Agents Summary Report – 88
Oppenheim, Alan V.
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based
on the EM Algorithm – 55
Orris, D.
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
Osborn, John E.
Superconvergence in the Generalized Finite
Element Method – 168

Osentoski, Sarah
Learning Hierarchical Models of Activity
– 222
Osrael, Johannes
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric
Operations – 140
Osterwald, C. R.
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
Ottoson, L.
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Owen, Robert E.
A 15 Nanosecond Complex Multiplier-
Accumulator for FFTS – 124
Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Paez-Borrallo, Jose M.
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive
Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
– 208
Page, M. R.
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
Page, M.
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
Page, T.
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
Pagoria, P. F.
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials
to Higher Value Products – 34
Painter, Lawrence S.
Scoping Aerospace: Tracking Federal
Procurement and R&D Spending in the
Aerospace Sector – 28
Paliwal, K. K.
A Speech Enhancement Method Based
on Kalman Filtering – 43
Estimation of Noise Variance from the
Noisy AR Signal and Its Applications in
Speech Enhancement – 55
Pallas, M. A.
Time Delay Estimation by Autoregressive
Modelization – 174
Palmer, Sidney L.
The Role of Layer 4 in Thalamocortical
Development – 106
Pan, C. T.
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
Pan, Ching-Tsai
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Pan, Rong
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
Panchal, Rekha G.
Anthrax Biosensor, Protective Antigen
Ion Channel Asymmetric Blockade
– 107
Panda, G.
Assessment of Finite Precision Limitations
in LMS and BLMS Adaptive Algorithms
– 55
Pankaj Padmakar, Joshi
Spacecraft In-Orbit Operations through
Multi-Mission Ground Software – 32
Pankow, J.
Experiments Involving Correlations Between
CdTe Solar Cell Fabrication History
and Intrinsic Device Stability – 94
Panosyan, Z.
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Panych, L.
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike
Detector – 57
Papadimitriou, V.
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
Pappas, Alex G.
Protection Factor Testing of the 3M
Breathe Easy (BE-10) Powered Air Purifying
Respirator (PAPR) – 116
Para, A.
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Pardo, Juan R.
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
Parhi, Keshab Kumar
Block Digital Filtering Via Incremental
Block State Structure – 171
Park, H.
Scaling of Kinetic Instability Induced Fast
Ion Losses in NSTX – 213
Park, Song-Bai
Timing Simulator by Waveform Relaxation
Considering the Feedback Effect
– 65
Parker, Sydney R.
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
Parr, Cynthia S.
TaxonTree: Visualizing Biodiversity Information
– 227
Patil, Ashok
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Patnala, Praveen K.
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
Pattipati, Krishna R.
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
Analytic Model Driven Organizational
Design and Experimentation in Adaptive
Command and Control – 44
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
Goal Management in Organizations: A
Markov Decision Process (MDP) Approach
– 176
Mapping Flows onto Networks to Optimize
Organizational Processes – 225
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired
Effects – 175
Patton, Carl E.
Microwave Solitons and Precessional
Dynamics in Magnetic Thin Films
-Physics and Devices – 62
Paul, D. J.
Silicon Quantum Information Processing
– 223
Paulos, John J.
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
Pawlowski, Joseph W.
AFRL/NASA Shaped Sonic Boom Experiment
Flight Test Program. Delivery
Order 0021: Origins and Overview of the
Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration Program
– 19
Pederson, Donald O.
CODECS: An Object-Oriented Mixed-
Level Circuit and Device Simulator – 70
Peed, Doyle
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Peng, Shou-Tao
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
Pereira, Fernando
A Conditional Random Field for
Discriminatively-Trained Finite-State
String Edit Distance – 225
Perer, Adam
Beyond Threads: Identifying Discussions
in Email Archives – 147
B-25

Using Rhythms of Relationships to Understand
Email Archives – 146
Perez-Alvarez, Ivan A.
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
Perez-Verdu, B.
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using
Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
– 71
Perich, Filip
Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing
Environment – 152
Perkins, C. L.
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
Pern, F. J.
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Enhanced Adhesion of EVA Laminates to
Primed Glass Substrates Subjected to
Damp Heat Exposure – 34
Persson, L.
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
Pesin, Tracy
Credentialed Secure Communication
‘Switchboards’ – 152
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Peterman, D. R.
Fundamental UNEX Chemistry – 33
Peterson, J.
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
Petr, Stodulka
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
Petr, Tomas
From Art to Industry: Development of
Biomedical Simulators – 142
Pham, Trung T.
A New Nonlinear Technique for IC Fixed
Tolerance Design Centering Based on a
Modified Simplex Method – 67
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a
Class of Non-Gaussian Densities with
Application to Deconvolution – 172
Phillips, Thomas G.
Dissociative Shocks in the Neighborhood
of Orion IRc2 Traced with Atomic Carbon
– 234
Phinney, D. L.
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures
by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
– 200
Picinbono, B.
Some Properties of Prediction and Interpolation
Errors – 118
B-26
Pierantozzi, Donald C.
On Counting the Number of Cycles in
Graphs – 177
Pierrel, Jean-Marie
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
Pineda, Andrew C.
Size-Dependence of the Linear and Nonlinear
Optical Properties of GaN nanoclusters
– 37
Pinsky, Vladimir
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning
into Various Regional Phases
From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region – 102
Piot, P.
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
Piper, M.
TKE Budgets and Dissipation Rates in
Disturbed Stable Boundary Layers
– 105
Pischalnikov, Y.
HTS Power Leads for the BTEV Interaction
Region – 198
Pittman, Todd S.
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
Platt, Robert
Re-Using Schematic Grasping Policies
– 159
Plaxco, Kevin W.
Biological Sensing with Terahertz Circular
Dichroism Spectroscopy – 211
Plemmons, R. J.
Numerical Properties of a Hyperbolic Rotation
Method for Windowed RLS Filtering
– 165
Poccoli, L.
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor
Front-End Software – 186
Podobedov, B.
Impedance of Finite Length Resistor
– 79
Pohl, Jens G.
Proceedings of the Annual ONR/CADRC
Decision-Support Workshop (6th), Held
in Quantico, Virginia, on 8-9 Sep 2004.
Interoperability – 146
Poix, E.
Electric Boosting System for Light
Truck/SUV Application – 92
Pollach, Irene
Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations
– 161
Polomarov, O. V.
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
Polun, Max
Feasibility Studies of New High Altitude
Electromagnetic Pulse Test Materials
– 183
Porat, Boaz
A Frequency Domain Approach to Multiframe
Detection and Estimation of Dim
Targets – 205
Pordes, S.
Signal Processing for Longitudinal Parameters
of the Tevatron Beam – 197
Porsani, Milton J.
Extended Matrix Formulation for the
Marple Algorithm – 119
Port, Lawrence
Credentialed Secure Communication
‘Switchboards’ – 152
DRBAC: Distributed Role-Based Access
Control for Dynamic Coalition Environments
– 147
Porter, Suzanne
RNP-Based Parallel Instrument Approaches:
Concepts and Benefits – 3
Porter, William A.
Computational Aspects of Quadratic Signal
Processing – 69
Stability Analysis for Discrete Two-
Dimensional Systems – 170
Potts, Jim
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
Powell, G. A.
Practical Adaptive Noise Reduction in the
Aircraft Cockpit Environment – 19
Prasad, R. R.
Design of an Illumination Technique to
Improve the Identification of Surface
Flaws on Optics – 81
Preble, J.
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class
CW Cryomodule – 213
Prebys, E.
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
Fitting the Fully Coupled ORM for the
Fermilab Booster – 29
Preziotti, G.
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
Price, P. J.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Primeggia, Carmine
Departure Exclusion Zone (DEZ) -aFuture
Concept to Enhance Runway Operations
Using Aircraft Derived Data – 9
Prince, Jason B.
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8

Prinz, Johannes
SIP Based Communications in Netcentric
Operations – 140
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
Prinzo, O. Veronika
Terminal Radar Approach Control: Measures
of Voice Communications System
Performance – 41
Proakis, John G.
Adaptive Transversal Filters with Delayed
Coefficient Adaptation – 165
Provost, L. G.
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
Pruett, J.
Crystalline Silicon Short-Circuit Current
Degradation Study: Initial Results – 98
Ptak, A. J.
Analysis of Depletion-Region Collection
in GalanNAs Solar Cells – 94
Collection of Photocarriers in GAxIn1xNyAs1-y
Solar Cells – 192
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the
Performance of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y Solar
Cells – 216
Electron Traps in p-Type GaAsN Characterized
by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
– 79
Enhanced-Depletion-Width GalnNAs Solar
Cells Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy
– 96
Puxley, Phil
Gemini Queue Operations & Completion
Rates – 84
Observing Efficiency at Gemini Observatory
– 84
Qian, Juan
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike
Detector – 57
Qiming, Wu
A Device Simulation Tool for High-
Voltage Bipolar Devices – 76
Qing-ming, Luo
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Qiong, Xie
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms
on Space Structural Materials
in Space – 113
Qu, L. Z.
On the Probability Density Function of
the LMS Adaptive Filter Weights – 172
Rabiner, L. R.
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
Rabiner, Lawrence R.
A Minimum Discrimination Information
Approach for Hidden Markov Modeling
– 217
Rahalarabi, Tawfik
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
Ramanathan, K.
AFM-Based Microelectrical Characterization
of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)
Se2 Thin Films – 195
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
Ramanathna, K.
Properties of High-Efficiency CIGS Thin-
Film Solar Cells – 98
Ramsey, L. Thomas
Information-Theoretic Compressibility of
Speech Data – 218
Rani, Sarma L.
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
Ranjbar, V. H.
Chromaticity and Impedance Effect on
the Transverse Motion of Longitudinal
Bunch Slices in the Tevatron – 217
Damping Transverse Instabilities in the
Tevatron Using AC Chromaticity – 191
Rao, A. Anna
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered
MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
– 91
Rao, Vasant B.
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
Vertex Eliminations in Graphs – 121
Rashid, M. M.
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
Rathnakara, S. C.
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
(IRNSS) Concept – 32
Ratsimor, Olga
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent
Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
– 45
Ratti, C.
Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction
with Landscape Models – 226
Rauf, A.
Thermal Imaging Techniques for the Non
Destructive Inspection of Composite Materials
in Real-Time – 87
Ravela, S.
Multi-Modal Retrieval of Trademark Images
Using Global Similarity – 223
On Multi-Scale Differential Features for
Face Recognition – 80
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale
Images Using Global Similarity – 223
Ravenhill, Paul
A Logical Architecture for Future Avionics
– 11
Rebold, T. A.
A Phase-Plane Approach to the Compensation
of High-Speed Analog-to-Digital
Converters – 67
Reckart, Darwin
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Reddy, Pavan
Short Range Surveillance Link for Close
Proximity Navigation During Closely
Spaced Parallel Approach – 18
Redi, M. H.
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
Reed, Daniel
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
Reedy, R. C.
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
Reedy, R.
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
Relationship of Recombination Lifetime
and Dark Current In Silicon p-n Junctions
– 96
Reeves, P.
Hathaway ‘Solar Patriot’ House: A Case
Study in Efficiency and Renewable Energy
– 98
Reilly, Michael P.
Plume Expansion and Ionization in a
Micro Laser Plasma Thruster – 90
Reimer, J. A.
Characterizing V2G Filtered Images by
Their Zero Crossings – 182
Reimmlard, Scott A.
Applications of a Surveillance Database
and Server: An Example of Positive Cost-
Benefit for Networking Surveilance
Data – 18
Ren, Hsuan
Estimation of Subpixel Target Size for
Remotely Sensed Imagery – 174
Renfors, Markku
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR
Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection
of Identical Allpass Subfilters
– 70
Renshaw, D.
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
B-27

Resch, C.
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
Resnik, Philip
Breaking the Resource Bottleneck for
Multilingual Parsing – 135
Retter, Rafi
A Novel VLSI Digital Signal Processor
Architecture for High-Speed Vector and
Transform Operations – 58
Rettig, Richard A.
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
Reuther, A.
Polymorphous Computing Architecture
(PCA) Kernel-Level Benchmarks – 131
Reyes, S.
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation
Line Beam Dump Concept
– 123
Rhee, Z. M.
An Analysis of Finite Precision Effects for
the Autocorrelation Method and Burg’s
Method of Linear Prediction – 60
Rialan, Christophe P.
Fast Algorithms for QR and Cholesky
Factors of Toeplitz Operators – 161
Richard, Pascal
A Continuous Speech Dialog System for
the Oral Control of a Sonar Console
– 206
Richards, Brian
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram
Processor – 86
Richards, Paul G.
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
Richardson, J.
Development of a Transducer for Measuring
Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge
Girders – 92
Rignaut, Francois
ALTAIR Upgrades Report – 211
Rihacek, Christoph
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
Riitters, K. H.
Forest Health Monitoring 2002 National
Technical Report – 104
Rijmenants, J.
A Design Methodology for Decimation
Filters in Sigma Delta A/D Converters
– 68
Rimmer, R.
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class
CW Cryomodule – 213
B-28
Rinaldi, Claudio
Analysis of Air Traffic Control Systems
Interference Impact on Galileo Aeronautical
Receivers – 48
Ring, Laura T.
Graphical Multiscale Web Histories: A
Study of PadPrints – 135
Ringwood, Terence
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for
M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera
System) – 63
Ritchey, J. A.
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Roberts, Craig
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance,
Boeing, Airservices Australia,
QANTAS – 3
Robins, Robert E.
Laboratory and Numerical Studies of the
Effects of Shear on 3-D Vortex Evolution
– 166
Robinson, Paul A.
An Integrated Turbulence Avoidance
Decision-Aid for Pilots, Dispatchers &
Controllers – 7
In-Service Evaluation of a Prototype Turbulence
Auto-PIREP System
(TAPS) – 8
Rodriquez, Jeffrey J.
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft
Communication Systems – 10
Rodriquez-Vazquez, A.
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using
Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
– 71
Roessig, Keith M.
Limited Characterization of the SPADS
Radar System, Project ‘START’ – 20
Rogowski, G. T.
Status of Optical Coatings for the National
Ignition Facility – 215
Rohrs, Charles E.
The Use of Large Adaptive Gains to
Remove the SPR Condition from Recursive
Adaptive Algorithms – 165
Roncarolo, F.
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
Rong, M. T.
An Approach of Bipolar Circuit Extraction
for VLSI/CAD Two Way System – 70
Rorrer, T. M.
Comparison of Alternative Devices to Determine
Aggregate Shape – 195
Rosenberg, A. E.
A Connected Speech Recognition System
Based on Spotting Diphone-Like
Segments - Preliminary Results – 218
Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L.
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm
VS2 – 87
Development, Test Series
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Roth, Linn G.
Integrated GPS/eLoran Systems – 4
Roucos, S.
A Stochastic Segment Model for
Phoneme-Based
Speech – 162
Continuous
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Roy, Jean-Rene
Gemini Publications: Growth and Impact
– 231
Gemini South Astronomer Brings Young
Stars Into Focus – 234
Gemini: The First Five Years – 84
Recent Science Highlights – 236
Ruan, Sui
Congruence of Human Organizations
and Missions: Theory versus
Data – 134
Rude, Michael J.
Adaptive Filtering Without a Desired Signal
– 42
Rudnicky, alexander I.
The Lexical Access Component of the
CMU Continuous Speech Recognition
System – 155
Rudolph, Sid
Aspects of Sharing Flight Data via
SWIM – 15
Rueda, A.
Novel Electronic Chaos Generators Using
Nonlinear Switched-Capacitor Circuits
– 71
Ruokamo, Heli
An M+I+T++ Research Approach to
Network-Based Mobile Education
(NBME) and Teaching-Studying-
Learning Processes: Towards a Global
Metamodel – 124
Rus, Daniela
A Game-Theoretic Formulation of Multi-
Agent Resource Allocation – 178
Economic Markets as a Means of Open
Mobile-Agent Systems – 137
Rushing, John F.
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103
Ryan, P. Y. A.
Variant of the Chaum Voter-verifiable
Scheme – 122
Rypkema, J. A.
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance
Situation Awareness – 160

Saab, A. P.
Assessment of Raman Spectroscopy as
a Silicone Pad Production Diagnostic
– 38
Saez, Rigoberto
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Saito, Hisako
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
Saito, Taiichi
Subgroup Membership Problem and Its
Applications to Information Security
– 168
Saito, Toshimichi
Period-doubling Bifurcation and Chaos in
a Constrained Circuit – 78
Saito, Yoshio
Secondary Electron Emission Measurements
on Materials Under Stress – 61
Sajatovic, Miodrag
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
Sakanaka, Jiro
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a
Tile Plane – 180
Saleh, Resve A.
An Event-Driven, Relaxation-Based Multirate
Integration Scheme for Circuit
Simulation – 76
Saltz, Joel
The Virtual Microscope – 142
Salzman, Andrew
TestingofWW-85 – 110
Samuels, J. R., Jr
Sensitivity to Noise Variance in a Social
Network Dynamics Model – 175
Sanchez-Sinencio, Edgar
Generation of Continuous-Time Two Integrator
Loop OTA Filter Structures
– 72
Sanders, C. E.
Canister Handling Facility Criticality
Safety Calculations – 101
Dry Transfer Facility Criticality Safety
Calculations – 91
Santamaria, M. E.
Non-Linear Adaptive Signal Processor
– 177
Sanz, Jorge L. C.
Fast Image Segmentation for Some Machine
Vision Applications – 118
Object Classification and Registration by
Radon Transform Based Invariants
– 162
Saramaki, Tapio
A Novel Approach for the Design of IIR
Filters as a Tapped Cascaded Interconnection
of Identical Allpass Subfilters
– 70
Sarkar, Tapan K.
Theoretical and Experimental Characterization
of Multiconductor Transmission
Lines – 78
Sarkar, Tapan
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Sato, Makoto
A Hierarchical Representation of Random
Waveforms by Scale-Space Filtering
– 87
Sato, Masao
A Fast Line-Search Method Based on a
Tile Plane – 180
Saumsiegle, William
Communications Operating Concept and
Requirements for the Future Radio System
– 48
Savaglio, Sandra
Gemini Deep Deep Survey and the
Mass-Metallicity Relationship in Galaxies
– 232
Savinell, Robert F.
A Micro Hydrogen Air Fuel Cell – 99
Savov, Emil
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High
Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
– 74
Sawada, Toshimi
Detecting Unknown Computer Viruses -
A New Approach - – 180
Scarci, Stefano
Phoneme Classification for Real Time
Speech Recognition of Italian – 154
Scarpine, V. E.
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
Schaff, David P.
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
Scharf, Louis L.
Fast Algorithms for QR and Cholesky
Factors of Toeplitz Operators – 161
Scheiderich, Louis
Coalition Information Assurance - Common
Operating Picture (CIA-
COP) – 226
Scheiern, Michael
The Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation
Methodology – 147
Scheiflinger, Christian
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
Schiflett, Samuel G.
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
Schmidbauer, Otto
Syllable-based Segment-Hypotheses
Generation in Fluently Spoken Speech
Using Gross Articulatory Features
– 154
Schmidt, C. W.
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
Schmidt, R. D.
Chemical Conversion of Energetic Materials
to Higher Value Products – 34
Schneberk, D. J.
Dimensional Measurements of Three
Tubes by Computed Tomography – 83
Schneible, Richard
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Schneider, John B.
Numerical Studies of Acoustic Propagation
in Shallow Water – 167
Schoenbaum, Michael
Placing a Value on the Health Care Benefit
for Active-Duty Personnel – 109
Schreiber, Helmut
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
Schroeder, Broach D.
Relationship of Air Traffic Control Specialist
Age to En Route Operational Errors
– 10
Schroeter, J.
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
Schultheiss, Peter M.
Passive Ranging in Multipath-Dominated
Environment – 210
Schultz, Mike
Defining Command, Control, and Communications
(C3) for Unmanned Aircraft
Systems (UAS) – 30
Schulz, M.
DynTG: A Tool for Interactive, Dynamic
Instrumentation – 122
Schwartz, Naftali
Automatic Parallelization: An Incremental,
Optimistic, Practical Approach
– 141
Schwartz, R. M.
BYBLOS: The BNN Continuous Speech
Recognition System – 219
Sciuto, D.
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size
VLSl Arrays – 67
Seagull, F. J.
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing
Condition on Attentional Issues with
Helmet Mounted Displays – 61
B-29

Sedra, A. S.
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
Seiple, Adam D.
Protection Factor Testing of the 3M
Breathe Easy (BE-10) Powered Air Purifying
Respirator (PAPR) – 116
Sekita, Iwao
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by
Hybrid Spline – 55
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
Sekulic, B.
Performance and Reliability of a 1-kW
Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Roofing
System – 194
Sen, T.
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
Feasibility Study of Beam-Beam Compensation
in the Tevatron with
Wires – 190
Sengupta, Debasis
Statistically/Computationally Efficient Estimation
of Non-Gaussian Autoregressive
Processes – 173
Senthil Kumar, S. D. R.
Lifetime Enhancement of Sputtered
MoS2 Film Lubricated Ball Bearings
– 91
Serfaty, Daniel
Building Adaptive Organizations: A
Bridge from Basic Research to Operational
Exercises – 44
DMT-RNet: An Internet-Based Infrastructure
for Distributed Multidisciplinary Investigations
of C2 Performance – 134
From Cognitive Task Analysis to Simulation:
Developing a Synthetic Team Task
for AWACS Weapons Directors – 133
Sethares, W. A.
Exciting Conditions for Quantized State
Adaptive Algorithms – 53
Shafir, Haim
82C501 - A Single Chip, CMOS, Multi
Frequency Manchester Encoder Decoder
– 68
Shaflee, Masoad
Stability Analysis for Discrete Two-
Dimensional Systems – 170
Shan, Gongbing
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
Shan, Jing
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
Shanblatt, Michael A.
An Improved Building Block Model for
Placement Using Simulated Annealing
– 74
B-30
Shanblatt, Michael
Dynamic Latch Design for VLSI Array
Processors – 127
Shankar, A. U.
Information Dynamics Applied to Link-
State Routing – 227
Shao-qun, Zeng
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Shefi, Amnon
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Sheldon, P.
XPS and UPS Investigation of NH4OH-
Exposed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films – 33
Shemyakin, A.
Magnetic Shielding of an Electron Beamline
in a Hadron Accelerator Enclosure
– 199
Shen, Kai-quan
Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue
Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy
– 112
Sherry, Lance
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
– 231
Sherstinsky, Alex
A Parameterized VLSI Video-Rate Histogram
Processor – 86
Sheu, Jer-Jia
A Robust Bounded Control for an Autonomous
Vehicle Subject to Combined
Wheel Slip Constraint – 90
Shi, Youngmei
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
Shibayama, Akihiro
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
Shih, Chien-Jong
Multiobjective Design Optimization of
Flexure Hinges for Enhancing the Performance
Of Micro-Compliant Mechanisms
– 38
Shiltsev, V.
Characterizing Luminosity Evolution in
the Tevatron – 187
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
– 197
Landau Damping of the Weak Head-Tail
Instability at Tevatron – 189
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
– 188
Shimin, Gu
Increasing Needs for Modular Avionics in
the CNS/ATM-Based Air Space – 25
Shimizu, Hiroshi
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting
Illegal Access – 148
Shiou, Fang-Jung
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Shi-zhong, Jiang
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
Shlesinger, Michael F.
Duplicate Publication and ‘Paper Inflation’
in the Fractals Literature – 228
Shneiderman, Ben
Beyond Threads: Identifying Discussions
in Email Archives – 147
Using Rhythms of Relationships to Understand
Email Archives – 146
Shoji, Yasuo
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
Shridhar, M.
Segmentation of Noisy Images Modelled
by Markov Random Fields with Gibbs
Distribution – 205
Shu, Joseph S. P.
A New Heuristic Edge Extraction Technique
– 130
Shuang-ning, Su
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms
on Space Structural Materials
in Space – 113
Shuang-sheng, Guo
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
Shumaker, Justin L.
A Survey of Photon Mapping for Realistic
Image Synthesis – 92
Sielski, Timothy J.
In Pursuit of Automated Command and
Control: The Army vs. OSD – 137
Sifer, Nicholas
Test and Evaluation of the Smart Fuel
Cell C20-MP Direct Methanol Hybrid
Fuel Cell System as a Soldier Power
Source – 94
Signore, Ted
Information Security for the Aviation
Community: A Personal Perspective – 6
Silge, Julia D.
GNIRS Unveils the Black Hole in Centaurus
A – 233
Silverman, Harvey F.
An Early Decision, Real-Time
Connected-Speech Recognizer – 177

Simaan, M.
Design and Implementation of Velocity
Filters Using Multichannel Array Processing
Techniques – 66
Simar, Ray, Jr.
A 40 MFLOPS Digital Signal Processor:
The First Supercomputer on a
Chip – 56
Simcoe, Michael
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Simons, Doug
Why the Aspen Program Now? – 221
Simons, Elliot M.
Strategic Applications of Controller-
Assigned Airborne Separation
(CAAS) – 23
Simons, Mark
Potential IP Solutions for Networking Selected
FAA Weather Systems – 151
Singer, Elliot
Adaptive Noise Reduction in Aircraft
Communication Systems – 10
Singh, Rajendra
Dynamic Analysis of Sliding Friction in
Rotorcraft Geared Systems – 184
Singh, Satinder
Intrinsically Motivated Reinforcement
Learning – 166
Sjoberg, K.
Quantification of Deaths Attributed to Air
Pollution in Sweden Using Estimated
Population Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
as Indicator – 101
Skelton, S.
Development of a Transducer for Measuring
Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge
Girders – 92
Skillman, Donald R.
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
Slaughter, A. J.
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
– 197
Sleight, Randall T.
WINCOMM UAT Laboratory Test Results
and Flight Test Plans – 104
Slivnik, Tomaz
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Slock, D. T. M.
A Fast Transversal Filter for Adaptive
Line Enhancement – 42
Smirniotis, P. G.
Development of Superior Sorbents for
Separation of CO2 from Flue Gas at a
Wide Temperature Range During Coal
Combustion. Annual Technical Report for
July 1, 2003 through June 30,
2004 – 101
Smith,A.J.E.
Geographical databases based on satellite
images: Macedonia case – 93
Smith, Clifford E.
Combustion LES Software for Improved
Emissions Predictions of High Performance
Gas Turbine Combustors – 26
Smith, D.
Status of Optical Coatings for the National
Ignition Facility – 215
Smith, David R.
A Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks – 152
Smith, Giles
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Smith,J.O.
The Spherical Interpolation Method for
Closed-Form Passive Source Localization
using Range Difference Measurements
– 163
Smith, Ralph C.
Optimal Tracking Using Magnetostrictive
Actuators Operating in Nonlinear and
Hysteretic Regimes – 60
Smith,S.G.
Full-Span Silicon Compilation of DSP
Hardware – 215
Serial/Parallel Architectures for Area-
Efficient Vector Multiplication – 129
Techniques to Increase the Computational
Throughput of Bit-Serial Architectures
– 125
Smith,S.T.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Smith, S.
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
Smith, Shirley
Active RC-Building Blocks for
MOSFET-C Integrated Filters – 64
Snelgrove, W. M.
SlCOMP: A Silicon Complier for
Switched-Capacitor Filters – 215
Snyder, Wesley E.
Active Contours for Multispectral Images
With Non-Homogeneous Sub-
Regions – 176
Sodini, Charles G.
A Topology for Higher Order Interpolative
Coders – 77
Sohie, Guy R. L.
Misadjustment Expressions for Infinite
Impulse Response Adaptive Filters – 54
Solomon, William D., Jr.
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
Somani, A.
A Signal Space Interpretation of Neural
Nets – 73
Sondhi, M. M.
Speech Parameter Estimation Using A
Vocal Tract/Cord Model – 209
Song, Jianming
Automatic Recognition of Isolated or Occluded
Planar Objects by a Two Steps
Processing – 158
Soong, Frank K.
On the Automatic Segmentation of
Speech Signals – 157
Sopori, B.
Comprehensive Model of Hydrogen
Transport into a Solar Cell During Silicon
Nitride Processing for Fire-Through Metallization
– 96
Rapid Mapping of AR Coating Thickness
on Si Solar Cells Using GT-FabScan
6000 – 95
Spania, Andreas S.
Implementation of the Optimum Block
Adaptive Algorithm in the Frequency Domain
– 64
Spriesterbach, Thomas
Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of
Broadcasting Systems (CRABS) Software
Use for Weather Information Communication
(WINCOMM)Project – 16
Srebro, Uri
On Several Variable Zero Sets and Application
to MIMO Feedback Stabilization
– 171
Sridhar, Ramalingam
Secure Key Management for NASA
Space Communication – 31
Srinath, M. D.
Invariant Planar Shape Recognition Using
Dynamic Alignment – 59
Srinivasa Rao, P.
Properties and Generation of Non-
Gaussian Time Series – 56
Srinivasan, Srikanth T.
Load Latency Tolerance in Dynamically
Scheduled Processors – 126
Stampfer, Martha R.
Regulation of hTERT Expression and
Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+)
Human Mammary Epithelial Cell
Lines – 108
Stango, Robert
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
Steenaart, Willem
The LMS Algorithm Applied to High
Speed Adaptive Digital Signal Processing
– 74
Steeneken, Herman J. M.
Diagnostic Information from Subjective
and Objective Intelligibility Tests – 205
Steer, Michael B.
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using
Tri-Level Delta-Sigma Modulation – 77
Stefanelli, R.
Functional Reconfiguration in Fixed-Size
VLSl Arrays – 67
B-31

Steffler, E. D.
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
Stein, W.
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
Neutronics Assessments for a RIA Fragmentation
Line Beam Dump Concept
– 123
Steinhurst, Daniel A.
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Stern, Richard M.
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
Stirbet, M.
Concepts for the JLAB Ampere-Class
CW Cryomodule – 213
Stock, Todd
A Predictive Model of User Equipage
Costs for Future Air Traffic Services and
Capabilities: An Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast Example – 23
Stolz, C. J.
Status of Optical Coatings for the National
Ignition Facility – 215
Stoneburner, G.
Communications Technology for Improved
Aviation Security – 14
Strachan, J. D.
Annotated Bibliogrphry of EDGE2D
Use – 214
Strain, Robert C.
Safe Flight 21 Implementing Broadcast
Services – 13
Streckert, Holger H.
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Strock, D.
Proficiency and the Private Pilot – 1
Stump, Brian
Evidence for an Infrasound
Waveguide – 210
Stutman, D.
Testing Gyrokinetics on C-Mod and
NSTX – 213
Stutzman, Warren
Advanced Wireless Integrated Navy Network
- AWINN – 62
Su, Hong-Yu
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Su, Shuang-Ning
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
B-32
Suarez, Ana
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
Subba Rao, P.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Sugio, Nobuyuki
A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KA-
SUMI – 170
Sugizaki, Hiroki
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
Suhartanto, H.
Performance of a Parallel Technique for
Solving Stiff ODEs Using a Blockdiagonal
Implicit Runge-Kutta
Method – 142
Sun, C. T.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Sun, Xi-Qing
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
SunWon, Chee
Segmentation of Noisy Textured Images
Using Simulated Annealing – 59
Sussman, Alan
The Virtual Microscope – 142
Sutherland, S. F.
Development of Automated Production
Line Processes for Solar Brightfield Modules.
Annual Technical Progress Report 1
January 2003-30 June 2004 – 196
Sutton, Charles
Composition of Conditional Random
Fields for Transfer Learning – 134
Su-xian, Chen
The Automatic Classification of the Welding
Defects – 86
Suzuke, Takeo
Improved Double Integration Delta-
Sigma Modulations for A to D and D to A
Conversion – 47
Suzuki, Ayako
Efficient Traceback Method for Detecting
Illegal Access – 148
The Mathematics Models and an Actual
Proof Experiment for IP Traceback System
– 139
Svendsent, Torbjorn
On the Automatic Segmentation of
Speech Signals – 157
Svitak, George M.
Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster
Relief: Are the National/International Coordinating
Agencies Capable of Fulfilling
the Mission? – 104
Swaminathan, Vishnu
Dynamic I/O Power Management for
Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Investigating the Effect of Voltage-
Switching on Low-Energy Task Scheduling
in Hard Real-Time Systems – 178
Swan, Russell
TREC-6 Interactive Track Report. Part 1:
Experimental Procedure and Initial Results
– 230
Swanson, Krk J.
CompreX: XML Compression and the
Airborne Internet – 14
Szczupak, Jacques
Realization of Structurally LBR Digital
Allpass Networks – 71
Szu-Wei, Lai
3D Posture Determination of a Wheeled
Mobile Robot by Fusing Dead-Reckoning
and Ultrasonic Measurements – 154
Tai-Yu, Wang
Nonlinear Regulation and Path Tracking
of a Wheeled Mobile Robot in Polar
Coordinates – 153
Takahashi, Jun-ichi
A Flexible Linear Array Oriented VLSI
Processor for Continuous Speech Recognition
– 125
Takahashi, Tetsuo
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Takizawa, Osamu
A Trial of the Interception of Display
Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic
Wave – 149
Design and Phase-1 Development of Secure
Overlay Networks – 138
Finding Solution to the Illegal Access in
RFID – 229
Information Hiding on Digital Documents
by Adjustment of New-line Positions
– 170
Research and Development of an RFID
Based Disaster-relief System – 149
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural
Language Text – 169
Ubiquitous Communications Technology
for Disaster Mitigation – 149
Tam, Jason Y.
Flow-of-Activation Processing – 151
Tamassia, Roberto
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
Tan, C. Y.
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
– 188
Tanaka, Hidema
A Study on Higher Order Differential
Cryptanalysis of 64 Bit Block Cipher KA-
SUMI – 170
A Trial of the Interception of Display
Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic
Wave – 149

An Expansion Algorithm for Higher Order
Differential Cryptanalysis of Secret Key
Ciphers – 168
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for
Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
– 168
Tanaka, Mamoru
Relaxation-Based Algorithm by Variable
Virtual Capacitors for Analysis of Large
Stiff Nonlinear Networks – 78
Tang, Kun
The Use of Large Adaptive Gains to
Remove the SPR Condition from Recursive
Adaptive Algorithms – 165
Tang, N.
Characterizing Network Services through
Cluster-Set Variations – 122
Tang, Z.
On Identification of Non-Gaussian Time
Series – 162
Tanielian, Terri
Expanding Access to Mental Health
Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE
demonstration – 108
Tanner, T.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Tanveer Fathima, S.
Reconstruction From Fourier Transform
Phase with Applications to Speech
Analysis – 119
Tao, Wang
Comparison Study of Impact Response
Characteristics between SZM510
Dummy and Hyrid III Dummy – 115
Tasi, Hsien-Lung
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Tassotto, G. R.
Development of an Optical Transition Radiation
Detector for Profile Monitoring of
Antiproton and Proton Beams at
FNAL – 192
Tawara, Yasuo
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Taylor, David M.
A Novel VLSI Digital Signal Processor
Architecture for High-Speed Vector and
Transform Operations – 58
Taylor, Douglas
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Taylor, Fred J.
A Reconfigurable Binary/RNS/LNS Architecture
for DSP – 126
Teague, Keith A.
CARMA Model Methods of Two-
Dimensional Shape Classification: An
Eigensystem Approach vs. the LP
Norm – 166
Telia, Seppo
An M+I+T++ Research Approach to
Network-Based Mobile Education
(NBME) and Teaching-Studying-
Learning Processes: Towards a Global
Metamodel – 124
Temes, Gabor C.
Switched-Capacitor Building Blocks with
Reduced Sensitivity to Finite Amplifier
Gain, Bandwidth and Offset Voltage
– 115
Terwilliger, K. M.
Testing of Packaging Materials for Improved
PV Module Reliability – 34
Tessler, Steven
Data Model and Relational Database Design
for the New Jersey Water-Transfer
Data System (NJWaTr) – 228
Thaler, M.
Programming, Analysis and Synthesis of
Parallel Signal Processors – 139
Tham, C.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Theodosiou, C. E.
Revisiting the Anomalous rf Field Penetration
into a Warm Plasma – 214
Theokas, Richard
Measurement of the Safety Impact of
Installing ADS-B on General Aviation Aircraft
at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
– 5
Therrien, Charles W.
Passive Multipath Target Tracking in Inhomogeneous
Acoustic Medium – 41
Thomas, Carl
Parallel Scene
Generation/Electromagnetic Modeling of
Complex Targets in Complex Clutter and
Propagation Environments – 182
Thomas, G. RIchard
DOE/PG and E LNG-Turboexpander
Seal and Bearing Retrofit – 82
Thomson, David L.
A Multivariate Voicing Decision Rule
Adapts to Noise, Distortion, and Spectral
Shaping – 173
Thomson, Duncan
Evaluations of Sana and Cisco Host Intrusion
Prevention Systems
(HIPS) – 140
Thorbjornsen, Arthur R.
VLSI System Design Using a Macintosh
Personal Computer – 65
Thorne, Richard M.
Timescale for Radiation Belt Electron
– 235
Thorpsten, J.
C-Haendelser i Vinterklimat Skillnader
Jaemfoert med Sommarfoehallanden (C
Incidents in a Winter Climate Differences
Compared to Summer Conditions)
– 103
Thottehodi, Mithuna
Recursive Array Layouts and Fast Matrix
Multiplication – 167
Thulasiraman, K.
Structure of the Submarking Reachability
Problem and Network Programming
– 140
Tillett, Duane
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Timson, Fred
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Tingle, Jeb S.
Dust Abatement Methods for Lines-of-
Communication and Base Camps in
Temperate Climates – 103
To, B.
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
Toboni, Holly
A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck
and Back-Related Morbidity in the U. S.
Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related
to Head-Supported Mass – 106
Tokunaga, R.
‘Lorenze Attraction’ from an Electrical
Circuit with Uncoupled Piecewise-Linear
Resistor – 79
Tollis, Ioannis G.
Efficient Embedding of Planar Graphs in
Linear Time – 120
Tomaszewicz, T.
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
Tomita, Fumihiko
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Tomlin, R.
Application of Independent Component
Analysis for Beam Diagnosis – 192
Tompa, G. S.
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
of Oxide Films for Advanced Applications
– 36
Tonomura, Yuji
On Multi Rounds Elimination Method for
Higher Order Differential Cryptanalysis
– 168
Toraichi, Kazuo
An Algorithm of Signal Approximation by
Hybrid Spline – 55
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
B-33

Torkelson, Mats
A VLSI Sigma-Delta Waveform Generator
for a Quadrature Type CPM Transmitter
– 77
Totok, Alexander
Modeling of Concurrent Web Sessions
with Bounded Inconsistency in Shared
Data – 146
Touryan, K.
Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings as Encapsulants
for Photovoltaic Solar
Cells – 97
Toyoshima, Hisachi
Hysteresis Signature and Its Related
Technologies to Maintain the Digital Evidence
for Network Activities in Future
Society – 150
Treiblmaier, Horst
Online Fundraising for Nonprofit Organizations
– 161
Tremblay, Roger J.
A Practical Approach to Estimation of
Amplitude Time Delay Parameters of a
Composite Signal in Non-White Gaussian
Noise – 204
Triche, M.
Development of a Transducer for Measuring
Tensile Strains in Concrete Bridge
Girders – 92
Trick, Timothy N.
JADE: A Hierarchical Switch Level Timing
Simulator – 75
Trimble, William P. G.
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Trost, Andrej
Electrotechnical Review – 53
Trujillo, Chad
Gemini Focuses on New Kuiper Belt
Worlds – 85
Tsai, Ching-Chih
Adaptive Backstepping Control with Integral
Action for PWM Buck DC-DC Converters
– 52
Tsividis, Yannis
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters
with Full Digital Programmability
– 66
Tsui, Daniel C.
Nano-Patterned Quantum Structures for
Infrared Detection – 89
Tsui, Eddy
Catadioptric Omni-Directional System for
M1A2 Abrams (360-Degree Camera
System) – 63
Tsujii, Shigeo
A Generalized Harley Algorithm for Genus
Two Hyperelliptic Curves – 169
Tu, Fang
A Library of Optimization Algorithms for
Organizational Design – 179
B-34
Tu, Haiying
Robust Action Strategies to Induce Desired
Effects – 175
Tubach, Jean-Pierre
Remora: A Software Architecture for the
Collaboration of Different Knowledge
Sources in Phonetic Decoding of Continuous
Speech – 155
Tucker, John R.
New Graduate Student for Silicon QC
Project – 37
Tuffelli, Denis
Deterministic Characteristics of LPC Distances:
An Inconsistency with Perceptual
Evidence – 156
Tugnait, Jitendra K.
Fitting Noncausal Autoregressive Signal
Plus Noise Models to Noisy Non-
Gaussian Linear Processes – 43
Tummala, Murali
A Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for
Gray-Markel Lattice – 75
Turner,L.E.
Design of Allpass Digital Ladder Networks
Using Bilinear Transformation Integrators
– 78
Turnquist, Norman
Wear Prediction of Strip Seals Through
Conductance – 27
Ulibarri, R.
Investigation of Burst Pressures Prediction
of Slit Aluminum Cylinders Subjected
to Localized Heating – 183
Ullal, H. S.
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV
Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term
Market-Competitive PV Modules – 216
Umimoto, H.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Usha, K.
Understanding Pseudo Electrolyte-Leak
Behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells – 37
Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel
Chemistry – 102
Vaidyanathan, P. P.
New Normal-Forms for IIR Filter Realizations,
Based on Circulants and Skew-
Circulants – 65
Vallancourt, David
Timing-Controlled Switched Analog Filters
with Full Digital Programmability
– 66
Vallverdu, F.
Non-Linear Adaptive Signal Processor
– 177
van der Stap, C. L. M.
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance
Situation Awareness – 160
van Dusseldorp, M.
Successful Nutrition and Health Interventions
to Obtain and Maintain an Optimal
Availability of Soldiers – 105
van Hamont, John E.
The Medicinal Chemistry of Botulinum,
Ricin and Anthrax Toxins – 107
van Hest, M. F. A. M.
Direct Write Contacts for Solar
Cells – 95
vandenBroek, A. C.
Geographical databases based on satellite
images: Macedonia case – 93
Varadarajan, Ravi
Compaction with Performance Optimization
– 69
Varaiya, Pravin
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
– 64
Varghese, C. S.
Development of Light Weight Structure
for Technology Experiment Satellite
(TES) – 35
Vascotto, M.
A Correlation Based Technique for Shift,
Scale, and Rotation Independent Object
Identification – 54
Vavra, Andrea J.
Air Vehicles Technology Integration Program
(AVTIP). Delivery Order 0020: Prediction
of Manufacturing Tolerances for
Laminar Flow – 20
Veena, R.
Understanding Pseudo Electrolyte-Leak
Behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells – 37
Veeneman, D. E.
Enhancement of Block-Coded
Speech – 58
Velev, G. V.
Measurements of Field Decay and Snapback
Effect on Tevatron Dipole and Quadrupole
Magnets – 186
Venetsanopoulos, Anastasios N.
Efficient Array Processing Structures for
Adaptive Quadratic Digital Filters – 73
Venkatesh, C. G.
Graph Partitioning Approach to Speech
Decoding – 75
Venugopalan, S.
Understanding Pseudo Electrolyte-Leak
Behaviour in Ni/H2 Cells – 37
Vergara-Dominguez, Luis
Analysis of LK Frequency-Adaptive
Transversal Filters in Plant Identification
– 208
Verly,J.G.
Some Applications of Mathematical Morphology
to Range Imagery – 181
Vetter, William J.
Extended Matrix Formulation for the
Marple Algorithm – 119

Videbaek, F.
Stopping and Baryon Transport in Heavy
Ion Reactions – 195
Viger, R.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
Vijaya Kumar, B. V. K.
Representing Lattice Ordered Associative
Memories with Artificial Neural Networks
– 151
Visentin, Peter
A Quantitative Evaluation of Singing
through Electromyography – 210
Visvanathan, V.
Efficient Go/No-Go Testing of Analog Circuits
– 74
Viyanit, Ekkarut
Numerical Simulation of Hydrogen Assisted
Cracking in Supermartensitic
Stainless Steel Welds – 38
Voas, Jeffrey
Certification – 128
Volk,J.T.
Beta Function Measurement in the Tevatron
Using Quadrupole Gradient Modulation
– 191
von Roedern, B.
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV
Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term
Market-Competitive PV Modules – 216
Votava, M.
BTeV Trigger/DAQ Innovations – 188
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor
Front-End Software – 186
Wada, J. A.
A Criticism of the Parametric EEG Spike
Detector – 57
Wada, Toshikazu
A Hierarchical Representation of Random
Waveforms by Scale-Space Filtering
– 87
Wah, Benjamin W.
Complexities of Layouts in Three-
Dimensional VLSI Circuits – 69
Waichler, S. R.
Preparing PNNL Reports with La-
TeX – 230
Wainright, Jesse S.
A Micro Hydrogen Air Fuel Cell – 99
Wakabayashi, M.
SMART: Three Dimensional
Process/Device Simulator Integrated on
a Super-Computer – 150
Waldhauser, Felix
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
Wales, Stephen C.
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Waltz,R.E.
GYRO Simulations of Core Momentum
Transport in DIII-D and JET Plasmas
– 214
Wang, Chun-Dar
Very Low Speed Sensorless Control of
Induction Motor Drives Using High-
Frequency Signal Injection – 52
Wang, David L.
Knowledge Based Object Detection Using
SAR Images – 43
Wang, Jianqiang
Comparing User-Assisted and Automatic
Query Translation – 145
Wang, Q.
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
Wang, T. H.
Effective Interfaces in Silicon Heterojunction
Solar Cells – 96
Wang, T.
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
Wang, W.
ARMA Modeling Using Cumulant and
Autocorrelation Statistics – 162
Wang, Xian-Min
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Wang, Yang
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
Integration of Airport Surface Communication
Systems – 50
Wantanabe, Toshihiro
Texture Recognition Using Final-
Prediction-Error Criterion – 164
Ward, S.
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
Ward, Wayne H.
Sentence Parsing with Weak Grammatical
Constraints – 157
Wargo, Chris
FASTE-CNS: A Tool for Performance
Evaluation of CNS Technologies – 31
Role of Multi-Mode Multi-Function Digital
Avionics in the Future NAS – 26
Watanabe, Katsuya
Journal of the National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology.
Special Issue on Information Security,
Volume 52, Nos. 1/2 – 46
Watson, Charles S.
Speaker-Dependent Speech Recognition
as the Basis for a Speech Training
Aid – 156
Watson, Mike
Tailored Arrivals Trials: Air Traffic Alliance,
Boeing, Airservices Australia,
QANTAS – 3
Weaver, Chris
On Models for Coordination of Activity
and It’s Disruption – 179
Wei, Gong
A New Algorithm for Maximum Entropy
Image Reconstruction – 203
Wei, Jin-He
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
– 111
Wei-dang, Ai
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
Weinberg, Amy
Breaking the Resource Bottleneck for
Multilingual Parsing – 135
Weinstein, Ehud
Methods for Noise Cancellation Based
on the EM Algorithm – 55
Weinzapfel, C.
Status of Optical Coatings for the National
Ignition Facility – 215
Weis, Bernd X.
A New Relative Placement Procedure
Based on MSST and Linear Programming
– 65
Weitenberg, A. L. M.
Information Linking and SA: Reconnaissance
Situation Awareness – 160
Wellekens, C.J.
Explicit Time Correlation in Hidden
Markov Models for Speech Recognition
– 155
Wemara, Lichty
Hemispheric Asymmetry for Encoding
Unrelated Word Pairs? A Functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Study – 115
Wenk, Carl J.
Design of Continuous Gain Adaptive Alpha
Beta Trackers for Passive Sonar
Application – 204
Wenk, H. R.
Atomic-Resolution 3D Electron Microscopy
with Dynamic Diffraction – 194
Wen-Lung, Chen
Architecture Considerations for High
Speed Recursive Filtering – 120
Wenninger, J.
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
Westenskow, G. A.
Compact High-Brightness Heavy-Ion Injector
– 200
Westervelt, Eileen T.
Energy Trends and Their Implications for
U.S. Army Installations – 93
B-35

Wheeler, P. D.
Practical Adaptive Noise Reduction in the
Aircraft Cockpit Environment – 19
Whinnery, James E.
Epidemiology of Toxicological Factors in
Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities,
1999-2003 – 3
White, Daniel A.
Pole-Zero Computation for Networks
with Reduced Rank Components – 77
Wickens, Christopher D.
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing
Condition on Attentional Issues with
Helmet Mounted Displays – 61
Widjaja, Christina
Neurobiological and Transformational
Learning – 220
Widrow, Bernard
The Original Adaptive Neural Net Broom-
Balancer – 66
Williams, Frederick W.
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -
FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results – 35
Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Tested
Algorithm Development, Test Series
VS2 – 87
Volume Sensor Development Test Series
2 - Lighting Conditions, Camera Settings,
and Spectral and Acoustic Signatures
– 210
Williams, Paul D.
CUPIDS: Increasing Information System
Security Through the Use of Dedicated
Co-Processing – 226
Williams, Tim A.
A Split Control Store VLSI for 32 Kbps
ADPCM Transcoding – 125
Williamson, R. L.
Predicting Ductile Crack Growth in Engineered
Structures – 91
Wilpon, J. G.
Performance Evaluation of a Connected
Digit Recognizer – 219
Wilson, Gene
The Graph Search Machine (GSM): A
Programmable Processor for Connected
Word Speech Recognition and Other Applications
– 129
Wipf,S.G.
Steering and Focusing Effects in TESLA
Cavity Due to High Order Mode and Input
Couplers – 191
Wirth, B. D.
Irradiation Effects on RIA Fragmentation
CU Beam Dump – 201
Wolfmayr, Bernhard
Operational Results and Standardization
Issues of Wide Area Multilateration Systems
for Civil Air Traffic Control Purposes
– 27
Wolock, D. M.
Design of a National Streamflow Information
Program: Report with Recommendations
of a Committee – 131
B-36
Won, Chang-Hee
Characteristics, Nonlinearity of Statistical
Control and Relations with Dynamic
Game Theory – 176
Wong, E.
Polymorphous Computing Architecture
(PCA) Kernel-Level Benchmarks – 131
Wrench, A. A.
A New Approach to Noise-Robust
LPC – 54
Wu, Chia-Ju
Navigation of a Mobile Robot in Outdoor
Environments – 154
Wu, Felix, F.
Stability Boundaries of Nonlinear Systems
– 64
Wu, Gao-de
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Wu, H. Y.
Vocal Tract Simulation: Implementation
of Continuous Variations of the Length in
a Kelly-Lochbaum Model, Effects of Area
Function Spatial Sampling – 205
Wu, Han-ji
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Wu, Ke
Factors in Voice Quality: Acoustic Features
Related to Gender – 54
Wu, X.
Improved Performance in CulnSe2 and
Surface-Modified CuGaSe2 Solar
Cells – 94
Xia, Cheng-Quan
Chaotic Oscillations in a Forced Second
Order Circuit Containing a Piecewise-
Linear Capacitor – 71
Xia, Qi-chang
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Xiao, A.
Fitting the Luminosity Decay in the Tevatron
– 197
Tevatron Beam Lifetimes at Injection Using
the Shot Data Analysis System
– 187
Xiao, M.
Multipole Error Analysis Using Local
3-Bump Orbit Data in Fermilab Recycler
– 187
Xiao, Xudong
Dynamically Resolved Simulation of Atmospheric
Features and Turbulence Using
Advanced Models and Adaptive Algorithms
– 20
Xiaonan, Li
ON HYPERBOLIC Q CLASSES – 117
Xing-hua, Jiao
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Xiu-zhi, Jia
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
Xu, B. L.
Autocorrelation Distortion Function for
Improved AR Modeling – 60
Xu, Y.
a-SiGe:H Materials and Devices Deposited
by Hot Wire CVD Using a Tantalum
Filament Operated at Low Temperature
– 33
Mechanisms of Growth of Nanocrystalline
Silicon Deposited by Hot-Wire
Chemical Vapor Deposition – 39
Yablonski, Anne
Overview FAA’s NAS Strategy Simulator
– 231
Yamada, Hiromitsu
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
Yamada, M.
Obliquely Propagating Electromagnetic
Drift Instability in the Lower Hydrid Frequency
Range – 199
Yamamoto, Kazuhiko
Feature Extraction by Spline Function for
Relaxation Matching – 221
Yamamura, Akihiro
A Functional Cryptosystem Using a
Group Action – 46
A Trial of the Interception of Display
Image using Emanation of Electromagnetic
Wave – 149
Error Detection and Authentication in
Quantum Key Distribution – 169
Secret Sharing Scheme Using Natural
Language Text – 169
Subgroup Membership Problem and Its
Applications to Information Security
– 168
Yan, Y.
High-Throughput Approaches to Optimization
of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation
and Heterojunction Solar Cells – 95
Yang, H.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a
Coarse/Fine Precision Motion Control
System – 80
Yang, M. J.
Multipole Error Analysis Using Local
3-Bump Orbit Data in Fermilab Recycler
– 187
Yang, Sheng-Ming
Two-Phase Linear Stepping Motor Control
with Three-Leg VSI and On-Line
Dead-Time Compensation – 51

Yangarber, Roman
Scenario Customization for Information
Extraction – 227
Yaniv, Orlie
The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologics
for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense.
Department of Defense Interactions
with the Food and Drug Administration
– 110
Yashchuk, V. V.
Elimination of ‘Ghost’-Effect-Related
Systematic Errors in Metrology of X-ray
Optics with a Long Trace Profiler – 193
Yassa, Fathy
A VLSI Implementation of the Partial
Rank Algorithm for Adaptive Signal Processing
– 86
Ye, Haiyan
Deterministic Characteristics of LPC Distances:
An Inconsistency with Perceptual
Evidence – 156
Yegnanarayana, B.
Reconstruction From Fourier Transform
Phase with Applications to Speech
Analysis – 119
Yeh, Michelle
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing
Condition on Attentional Issues with
Helmet Mounted Displays – 61
Ye-qing, Sun
Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Morphology
of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial
Cells and Its Production of
NO – 113
Yesha, Yelena
Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing
Environment – 152
Combining Infrastructure and Ad Hoc
Collaboration for Data Management in
Mobile Wireless Networks – 130
ENcentive: A Framework for Intelligent
Marketing in Mobile Peer-To-Peer Environments
– 45
Yi-bing, Deng
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
Yi-bing, Ma
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms
on Space Structural Materials
in Space – 113
Ying-qi, Liu
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Yi-Tong, Zhou
Linear Feature Extraction Based on an
AR Model Edge Detector – 129
Yong-kang, Tang
Experimental Study of Special Long-
Effect Controlled-Releasing Fertilizers in
Controlled Ecological Life Support System
– 116
Yong-zhi, Li
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms
on Space Structural Materials
in Space – 113
Yost, Ralph
Airborne
Abound – 6
Internet: Applications
Airborne
rum – 9
Internet Consortium Fo-
Young, Der-Liang
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers
Vol. 28 No. 6 – 51
Young, M. S.
On-Sun Comparison of GaInP2/GaAs
Tandem Cells with Top Cell Thickness
Varied – 98
Young, M.
Evolution of CdS/CdTe Device Performance
During Cu Diffusion – 196
Younossi, Obaid
Competition and Innovation in the U.S.
Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry
– 22
Yu, Feili
Networks of Decision-Making and Communicating
Agents: A New Methodology
for Design and Evaluation of Organizational
Strategies and Heterarchical Structures
– 224
Yu,L.H.
Performance Calculation on Orbit feedback
for NSLS-II – 195
Yuan, King
Passivity-Based Boundary Control of a
Flexible-Link Gantry Robot – 153
Yuan-liang, Wu
Biodestructive Capability of Several Microorganisms
on Space Structural Materials
in Space – 113
Yukawa, Akira
Constraints Analysis for Oversampling
A-to-D Converter Structures on VLSI
Implementation – 64
Zaghloul, Amir I.
Interference Cancellation Receiver – 80
Zakharov, D.
Pyramidal Defects in GaN:Mg Grown
with Ga Polarity – 193
Zazo, Santiago
VHF Channel Occupancy Measurements
over Core Europe – 47
Zeheb, Ezra
On Several Variable Zero Sets and Application
to MIMO Feedback Stabilization
– 171
Zeman, R. A.
Technical Equivalency Documentation
for a New Alpha Spectroscopy System
– 123
Zhang, D.
New Tevatron Beam Position Monitor
Front-End Software – 186
Zhang, Jian
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods
on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation
of Seismic Events – 102
Zhang, Lian-yi
Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue
Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy
– 112
Zhang, X. L.
Tevatron Admittance Measurement
– 188
Zhang, Xiaoyu
Gemini Publications: Growth and Impact
– 231
Zhang, Zhi-yuan
A3-2 Continuous Free-flow Electrophoresis
Device for Separation of Model Proteins
– 111
Zhao, Helen
Role of Distributed Inter-Bristle Friction
Force On Brush Seal Hysteresis – 91
Zhao, Tao
Enforcing Resource Sharing Agreements
Among Distributed Server Clusters
– 136
Zhao, Yiyuan J.
Adjustable Range Broadcast for Desired
Airborne Network Connectivity – 17
Integration of Airport Surface Communication
Systems – 50
Zheng, Chong-xun
Feasibility Study of Mental Fatigue
Grade Based on Kolmogorov Entropy
– 112
Zheng, Xiaoqing
Parametrical Study of Hydrodynamic
Seal Using a 2D Design Code and Comparing
with 3D CFD Model – 82
Zhen-lin, Geng
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
Zhi-bin, Yu
Effects of K(+) Channel Alteration on
Fatigability of High-Frequency Tetanic
Contraction in Mouse Atrophic Soleus
– 113
Zhi-li, Li
Effects of Tail Suspension on Phosphorylation
Status of ERK1/2 in Rat Soleus
Muscle – 112
Zhou, J.
Effect of Na Incorporation on the Growth
and Properites of CdTe/CdS Devices
– 196
Zimmerman, A. H.
Failure Model for a Leaking Nickel-
Hydrogen Cell – 93
Zimmermann, F.
Experiments on LHC Long-Range Beam-
Beam Compensation and Crossing
Schemes at the CERN SPS in
2004 – 189
B-37

Zong-ye, Wang
Application of Multislice Spiral CT(M-
SCT) in Studies of Multi-Organ Injury
Under + Gx in Rhesus Monkey – 112
B-38
Zou, Youyong
Strategies and Heuristics Used by the
UMBCTAC Agent in the Third Trading
Agent Competition – 174
Zweibel, K.
Role of Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV
Technologies for Achieving Mid-Term
Market-Competitive PV Modules – 216