CARICOM CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (CCDP)

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National Census Report 2001, St. Vincent and the GrenadinesTable 3.3(a): Total Returning Residents by Country of Origin and Sex, 2001Country/Region Total Male FemalePercentageTotal Male FemaleTotal 8 946 4 673 4 273 100.0 100.0 100.0Caribbean 4 330 2 326 2 004 48.40 49.78 46.90Canada 1 026 405 621 11.47 8.67 14.53U.S.A. 1 230 638 592 13.75 13.65 13.86Other Countries 1 554 866 688 17.37 18.53 16.10Not Stated 806 438 368 9.01 9.37 8.61Comparatively, returning residents from each of the main receiving countries were mainly males,except for those that returned from Canada (60.53 per cent females). Among returning residents,the majority once lived in other parts of the Caribbean, 49.78 per cent males compared to 46.9 offemales. There was no difference however in the percentage of males and females that returnedfrom the USA.The majority of returning residents (68.13 per cent) reported that the reason for returning to St.Vincent and the Grenadines was that they regarded the place as home or that they had familyliving there (Table 3.3(b)). It is generally believed that many emigrants migrate with theintention to work and save for a number of years, and then return to retire in their country ofbirth. However, slightly below seven per cent of the returning residents stated that they returnedto St. Vincent and the Grenadines to retire.34
National Census Report 2001, St. Vincent and the GrenadinesTable 3.3(b): Total Returning Residents by Reason for Migrating and Sex, 2001ReasonTotalPercentTotal Male Female Total Male FemaleTotal 8 946 4 673 4 273 100.0 100.0 100.0Regard it as home/home sick 2 701 1 501 1 200 30.19 32.12 28.08Family is here 3 394 1 602 1 792 37.94 34.28 41.94Deported 180 129 51 2.01 2.76 1.19Retired 612 347 265 6.84 7.43 6.20To start a business 134 95 39 1.50 2.03 0.91Other 985 548 437 11.01 11.73 10.23Not Stated 940 451 489 10.51 9.65 11.45While most of the push or pull factors to return are positive, there is evidence that some returningresidents were forced to return as deportees representing 2.01 per cent of returning residents.This rate is probably an underestimation of deportees, since it is suspected that some of them didnot state that they were deported.The issue of deportation, particularly the social impact, was brought to the forefront ofdiscussions in the Caribbean in the late 1990s. One of the most recent reports (ECLAC, 2005)noted that there is an increasing number of deportees, particularly from the USA. Some of thedeportees, like some of the other returning residents, have been away for a very long time andhave had little or no contact with their country of birth. When they return, some of them have nofamily or support mechanism, and they experience difficulty reintegrating (Nurse, 2003:8).It is argued that the deportation of criminals have been among the main causes for the increasedincidence of violent crime in the Region. Furthermore, grave concerns that the repatriation ofcriminals has occurred without proper notification and identification of deportees. Many of thedeportees, it is argued, have introduced new skills and transactional networks that contributed toa wide range of illicit activities including, drug trafficking, money laundering, kidnapping andimmigrant smuggling (Nurse 2003:8).35
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CARICOM CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (CCDP)

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