SELECTIVE MUTISM REFERENCE LIST

SELECTIVE MUTISM REFERENCE LISTProvided by SMIRA (Selective Mutism Information and Research Association)Adams, J., & Glasner, P. (1954). Emotional involvement in some forms of mutism.Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 19, 59-69.Adams, M. (1970). A case of elective mutism. Journal of the National MedicalAssociation, 62, 213-216.Afnan, S., & Carr, A. (1989). Interdisciplinary treatment of a case of electivemutism.British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 52, 61-66.Albano, A.M., & Silverman,W. K. (1996). Anxiety disorders interview schedule forDSM-IV: Child version. Clinician Manual. San Antonio, TX: The PsychologicalCorporation, Harcourt Brace.Albert-Stewart, P. L. (1986). Positive reinforcement in short-term treatment of anelectively mute child : a case study. Psychological Reports, 58, 571-576.Allen, A., Leonard, H., & Swedo, S. (1995). Current knowledge of medications for thetreatment of childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Childand Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 976–986.Altschuler, L., Cummings, J., & Mills, M. (1986). Mutism: Review, differentialdiagnosis, and report of 22 cases. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 1409–1414.Ambrosino, S.V., & Alessi, M. (1979).Elective mutism: Fixation and the double blind.American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 39, 251-256.American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ofMental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: American PsychiatricAssociation.American Psychiatric Association (1996). Manuel diagnostique et statistique destroubles mentaux (DSM-IV). Trad. fr. Paris, Milan, Barcelone, Paris: Masson.Andersson, C. B., & Thomsen, P. H. (1998). Electively mute children: an analysis of 37Danish cases. Nord Psykiatr Tidsskr, 52, 231–238.Anstendig, K. (1998). Selective mutism : A review of the treatment literature by1

modality from 1980-1996, Psychotherapy 35(3), 381–391.Anstendig, K.D. (1999). Is selective mutism an anxiety disorder? Rethinking its DSM-IV classification. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13, 417–434.Anthony, E. J. (1977). Nonverbal and verbal systems of communication: A study incomplementarity. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 32, 307–325.Atlas, J. (1993). Symbol use in the case of selective mutism. Perceptual and MotorSkills, 76, 1079–1082.Atoynatan, T. H. (1986). Elective mutism: Involvement of the mother in thetreatment of the child. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 17, 15-27.Aubry, C., & Palacio-Espasa, F. (2002). Le mutisme sélectif, Psychiatrie de l’enfant,XLVI, 1, 187- 207.Austed, L. S., Sininger, R., & Stricken, A. (1980). Successful treatment of a case ofelective mutism. Behavioral Therapist, 3, 18-19.Baldwin, S., & Cline, T. (1991). Helping children who are selectively mute. Educationand Child Psychology, 8, 72–83.Barlow, K., Strother, J., & Landreth, G. (1999). Sibling group play therapy: Aneffective alternative with an elective mute child. In S. A. Spasaro & C. E. Schaefer(Eds.), Refusal to speak: Treatment of selective mutism in children (pp. 219-229).Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.Bauermeister, J. J., & Jemail, J. A. (1975).Modifications of “elective mutism” in theclassroom setting:A case study. Behavior Therapy, 6, 245-250.Bednar, R. A. (1974).Abehavioral approach to treating an electivemute in school.Journal of School Psychology, 12(4), 326-336.Beidel, D. C. (1991), Social phobia and overanxious disorder in school-age children. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 30, 545–552.Bergman, R. L., Keller, M., Wood, J., Piacentini, J., & McCracken, J. (2001), SelectiveMutism Questionnaire (SMQ): development and findings. Poster session presentedat the meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Honolulu, October.Bergman, R. L., Piacentini, J., & McCracken, J.T. (2002). Prevalence and descriptionof selective mutism in a school-based sample. Journal of the American Academy of2

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 938–946.Bernstein, G. (1991). Comorbidity and severity of anxiety and depressive disordersin a clinic sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and AdolescentPsychiatry, 30, 43–50.Bernstein, G. A., & Garfinkel, B. D. (1988). Pedigrees, functioning, andpsychopathology in families of school phobic children. American Journal ofPsychiatry, 145, 70-74.Biederman J, Rosenbaum JF, Bolduc-Murphy EA et al. (1993), A three-year follow-upof children with and without behavioral inhibition. Journal of the American Academyof Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 814–821.Birmaher, B., Waterman, S., Ryan, N., Cully, M., Balach, L., Ingrahm, J., & Brodsky, M.(1994). Fluoxetine for childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Academyof Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 993–999.Black, B., & Uhde, T. (1992). Elective mutism as a variant of social phobia. Journal ofthe American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 1090–1094.Black, B., & Uhde, T. (1994). Treatment of elective mutism with fluoxetine: Adouble-blind, placebo- controlled study. Journal of the American Academy of Childand Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 1000–1006.Black, B., & Uhde, T. (1995). Psychiatric characteristics of children with selectivemutism: A pilot study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and AdolescentPsychiatry, 34, 847–856.Blake, P., & Moss, T. (1967). The development of socialization skills in an electivelymute child. Behavior Research and Therapy, 5, 349-356.Blotcky, M., & Looney, J. G. (1980). A psychotherapeutic approach to silent children.American Journal of Psychotherapy, 34, 487-495.Blum, N. J., Kell, R. S., Starr, H. L., Lender, W. L., Bradley-Klug, K., Osborne, M. L., etal. (1998). Case study: Audio feedforward treatment of selective mutism. Journal ofthe American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 40-43.Boon, F. (1994). The selective mutism controversy (continued). Journal of theAmerican Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 283.Boyle, M.H., Cunningham, C.E., Heale, J., Hundert, J., McDonald, J., Offord, D.R., &Racine, Y. (1999). Helping children adjust – A Tri-Ministry Study: I. Evaluation3

Methodology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 1051–1060.Bozigar, J. A., & Hanson,R.A. (1984).Group treatment of elective mute children.Social Work, 29, 478-480.Bradley, S., & Sloman, L. (1975). Elective mutism in immigrant families. Journal ofthe American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 14, 510–514.Brison, D.W. (1966). Case studies in school psychology, a non-talking child inkindergarten: An application of behavior therapy. Journal of School Psychology, 4,65-69.Brown, B., Fuller, J., & Gericke, C. (1975). Elective mutism: A review and a report ofan unsuccessfully treated case. Journal of the Association of Workers forMaladjusted Children, 3, 49–63.Brown, E.,Wilson, V., & Laybourne, P. C. (1963).Diagnosis and treatment of electivemutism in children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 2, 605-617.Brown, G.J., & Lloyd, M.A. (1975). A controlled study of children not speaking atschool. Journal of the Association of Workers for Maladjusted Children, 3, 49–63.Calhoun, J., & Koenig, R. (1973). Classroom modification of elective mutism.Behavior Therapy, 4, 700- 702.Campbell, M., & Cueva, J. (1995). Psychopharmacology in child and adolescentpsychiatry: A review of the past seven years. Part II. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1262–1272.Cantwell, D., & Baker, L. (1985). Speech and language: Development and disorders.In M. Rutter & L. Hersov (Eds.), Child and adolescent psychiatry, modern approaches(2nd ed., pp. 531– 533). London: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Cantwell, D.P., & Baker, L. (1987), The prevalence of anxiety in children withcommunication disorders. J Anxiety Disord, 1, 239-248.Carlson, J. S., Kratochwill, T. R., & Johnston, H. (1994). Prevalence and treatment ofselective mutism in clinical practice: A survey of child and adolescent psychiatrists.Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 4, 281-291.Carr, A., & Afnan, S. (1989). Concurrent individual and family therapy in a case ofelective mutism. Journal of Family Therapy, 11, 29–44.4

Chapellière, H., & Manela Y. (2003). On ne choisit pas de parler. Etudemonographique d’un cas de mutisme sélectif. Psychiatrie de l’enfant, XLVI, 1, 45-78.Chethik, M. (1973). The intensive treatment of an elective mute. Journal of theAmerican Academy of Child Psychiatry, 12, 482-498.Cline, T., & Baldwin, S. (1994). Selective mutism in children. San Diego: SingularPublishing Group, Inc.Cohan, S. L., Chavira, D. A., & Stein, M. B. (2006). Practitioner Review: Psychosocialinterventions for children with selective mutism: a critical evaluation of theliterature from 1990-2005. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and AlliedDisciplines, 47 (11), 1085-1097.Colligan, R.W., Colligan, R. C., & Dillard, M. K. (1977).Contingency management inthe classroom treatment of long-term elective mutism: A case report. Journal ofSchool Psychology, 15, 9-17.Conrad, R. D., Delk, J. L., & Williams, C. (1974). Use of stimulus fading procedures inthe treatment of situation specific mutism:Acase study. Journal of Behavior Therapyand Experimental Psychiatry, 5, 99-100.Cotte, M.F. (1973). Les troubles de l’expression verbale comme signal d’alarme chezl’enfant de moins de cinq ans. Rev. neuro- psychiatr. infant., 10-11, 618-628.Couchena, O., Halfon, 0. (1997). A propos d'un cas d'hypersomnie associée à unmutisme extra-familial. Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance, 45, 47-53.Crema, J. E., & Kerr, J. M. (1978). Elective mutism: A child care case study. Child CareQuarterly, 7, 215- 226.Croghan, L. M., & Craven, R. (1982). Elective mutism: Learning from the analysis of asuccessful case history. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 7, 85-93.Crumley, F. (1990). The masquerade of mutism. Journal of the American Academy ofChild and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 318–319.Crumley, F. (1993). Is elective mutism a social phobia? Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 1081–1082.Cunningham, C. E., Cataldo, M. F., Mallion, C., & Keyes, J. B. (1983). A review andcontrolled single case evaluation of behavioral approaches to the management ofelective mutism. Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 5(4), 25–49.5

Cunningham, C. E., McHolm, A., & Boyle, M. H. (2006). Social phobia, anxiety,oppositional behavior, social skills, and self-concept in children with specificselective mutism, generalized selective mutism, and community controls. EuropeanChild & Adolescent Psychiatry, 15(5), 245-255.Cunningham, C. E., McHolm, A., Boyle, M. H., & Patel, S. (2004). Behavioral andemotional adjustment, family functioning, academic performance, and socialrelationships in children with selective mutism. Journal of Child Psychology andPsychiatry, 45, 1363–1372.Cutrona, C.E., & Russell, D.W. (1987). The provision of social relationships andadaptation to stress. Advances in Personal Relationships, 1, 37–67.Dahoun, Z. K. S. (1995). Les couleurs du silence. Le mutisme des enfants de migrants.Paris:Calmann Lévy.Dmitriev, V., & Hawkins, J. (1974).Susie never used to say aword.TeachingExceptional Children, 6, 68-76.Dow, S. P., Sonies, B. C., Scheib, D., Moss, S. E., & Leonard, H. L. (1999). Practicalguidelines for the assessment and treatment of selectivemutism. In S. A. Spasaro &C. E. Schaefer (Eds.), Refusal to speak: Treatment of selective mutism in children (pp.19-44). Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.Dow, S., Sonies, B., Scheib, D., Moss, S., & Leonard, H. (1995). Practical guidelines forthe assessment and treatment of selective mutism. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34 (7), 836–846.Drapeau, M.C. (2001). Motus et bouche cousue: Étude chique d'un cas de mutismesélectif suivi en art-thérapie. Travail présenté en vue de l’obtention grade deMaitrise es arts (M.A.), Université Concordia. Montréal : Université Concordia.Dummit, E., Klein, R., Tancer, N., Asche, B., & Martin, J. (1996). Fluoxetine treatmentof children with selective mutism: An open trial. Journal of the American Academy ofChild and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 615–621.Dummit, E., Klein, R., Tancer, N., Asche, B., Martin, J., & Fairbanks, J. (1997).Systematic assessment of 50 children with selective mutism. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 653–660.Elizur, Y., & Perednik, R. (2003). Prevalence and description of selective mutism inimmigrant and native families: A controlled study. Journal of the Academy of Childand Adolescent Psychiatry, 42, 1451–2459.6

Elson, A., Pearson, C., Jones,D., & Schumacher, E. (1965). Follow-up study ofchildhood elective mutism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 182-187.Fleece, L., Gross, A., et al. (1981). Elevation of voice volume in youngdevelopmentally delayed children via an operant shaping procedure. Journal ofApplied Behavior Analysis 14 : 351-355.Ford, M.A., Sladeczek, I.E., Carlson, J., & Kratochwill, T.R. (1998). Selective mutism:Phenomenological characteristics. School Psychology Quarterly, 13, 192–227.Francis, G., Last, C., &Strauss, C. (1992). Avoidant disorder and social phobia inchildren and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and AdolescentPsychiatry, 31, 1086–1089.Friedman, R., & Karagan, N. (1973). Characteristics and management of electivemutism in children. Psychology in the Schools, 10, 249–252.Fundudis, T., Kolvin, I., & Garside, R.F. (1979). Speech retarded children: Theirpsychological development. London: Academic Press.Funke, P., Schlange, H., & Ulrich, I. (1978). Klinische Untersuchungen und Therapiebei Kindern mit selektivem Mutismus. Acta Paedopsychiatrica, 43, 47–55.Giddan, J. J., Ross, G. J., Sechler, L. L., & Becker, B. R. (1997). Selective mutism inelementary school: Multidisciplinary interventions. Language, Speech, and Hearing,Services in Schools, 28, 127-133.Goll, K. (1979). Role structure and subculture in families of elective mutists. Familyprocess, 18, 55-68.Golwyn, D. H., & Sevlie, C. P. (1999). Phenelzine treatment of selective mutism infour prepubertal children. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 9,109-113.Golwyn, D. H., & Weinstock, R. C. (1990). Phenelazine treatment of elective mutism:A case report. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 51, 384–385.Gordon, N. (2001) Mutism: elective or selective, and acquired. Brain anddevelopment, 23, 83-87.Griffith, E. E., Schnelle, J. F., McNees, M. P., Bissinger, C., & Huff, T. (1975). Electivemutism in a first grader: The remediation of a complex behavioral problem. Journalof Abnormal Child Psychology, 3, 127-234.7

Grogham, L. M., & Craven, R. (1982). Elective Mutism : Learning from the analysis ofa succesful case history. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 85-93.Guna-Dumitrescu, L., & Pelletier, G. (1996). Successful multimodal treatment of achild with selective mutism. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 41, 417.Hadley, N. (1994). Elective mutism: A handbook for educators, counselors, and healthcare professionals. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Hagerman, R. J., Hills, J., Scharfenaker, S., & Lewis, H. (1999). Fragile X syndrome andselective mutism. Am J Medical Genetics, 83(4), 313-317.Halpern, W. I., Hammond, J., & Cohen, R. (1971). A therapeutic approach to speechphobia: Elective mutism reexamined. Journal of the American Academy of ChildPsychiatry, 10 (1), 94-107.Harvey, B. H., & Milne, M. (1998). Pharmacotherapy of selective mutism: Two casestudies of severe entrenched mutism responsive to adjunctive treatment withfluoxetine. Southern African Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 10, 59-66.Hawker, D.S., & Boulton, M.J. (2000). Twenty years’ research on peer victimizationand psychosocial maladjustment: A meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, 441–455.Hayden, T. (1980). Classification of elective mutism. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child Psychiatry, 19, 118–133.Heimberg, R. G., and Barlow, D. H. (1991). New developments in cognitivebehavioraltherapy for social phobia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 5211(suppl), 21-30.Hesse, P.P. (1981). Color, form, and silence: A formal analysis of drawings of a childwho did not speak. Art in psychotherapy, 8, 175-184.Hesselman, S. (1983). Elective mutism in children: 1877–1981. ActaPaedopsychiatry, 49, 297–310.Hill, L., & Scull, J. (1985). Elective mutism associated with selective inactivity. Journalof Communication Disorders, 18, 161–167.Hirshfeld, D., Biederman, J., Brody, L., Faraone, S., & Rosenbaum, J. (1997).Associations between expressed emotion and child behavioral inhibition andpsychopathology: A pilot study. Journal of the American Academy of Child andAdolescent Psychiatry, 36, 205–213.8

Hoffman, S., & Laub, B. (1986). Paradoxical intervention using a polarization modelof cotherapy in the treatment of elective mutism: a case study. ContemporaryFamily Therapy, 8, 136–143.Jackson, M. F., Allen, R. S., Boothe, A. B., Nava, M. L., & Coates, A. (2005). InnovativeAnalyses and Interventions in the Treatment of Selective Mutism. Clinical CaseStudies, 4(1), 81 - 112.Jacobsen, T. (1995). Case study: Is selective mutism a manifestation of dissociativeidentity disorder? Journal of the American Academy of Child and AdolescentPsychiatry, 34, 863–866.Joseph, P. (1999). Selective Mutism—The Child Who Doesn’t Speak at School.Pediatrics, 104 (2), 308-310.Kagan, J., Reznick, J. S., Clarke, C., Snidman, N., Garcia-Coll, C. (1984). Behavioralinhibition to the unfamiliar. Child Dev, 55, 2212–2225.Kagan, J., Reznick, J. S., Snidman, N. (1987). The physiology and psychology ofbehavioral inhibition in children. Child Dev, 58, 1459–1473.Kagan, J., Reznick, J. S., Snidman, N. (1988). Biological bases of childhood shyness.Science, 240, 171–176.Kagan, J., Reznick, S., Snidman, N., Johnson, M., Gibbons, J., Gersten, M.,Beiderman, J., & Rosenbaum, J. (1990). Origins of panic disorder. In J. C. Ballenger(Ed.), Neurobiology of panic disorder: Frontiers of clinical neuroscience (Vol. 8, pp.71–87). New York: Wiley-Liss.Kaplan, S. L., & Escoll, P. (1973).Treatment of two silent adolescent girls. Journal ofthe American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 12, 59-71.Kass, W.,Gillman,A.E., Mattis,A. S., Klugman, E., & Jacobson,B. J. (1967).Treatment ofselective mutism in a blind child: School and clinical collaboration. American Journalof Orthopsychiatry, 37, 215-216.Kearney, C. A., & Wadiak, D. (1999). Anxiety disorders. In S. D. Netherton, D.Holmes, & C. E. Walker (Eds.), Child and adolescent psychological disorders: Acomprehensive textbook (pp. 282-303). New York: Oxford University Press.Kearney, C.A., Vecchio, J.L. (2005). Selective Mutism in Children to Youth With andWithout Anxiety Disorders. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assesment,27, 31-37.9

Kearny, C. (1995). School refusal behavior. In A. Eisen, C. Kearny, & C. Schaefer(Eds.), Clinical handbook of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 19–52).Northvale, NJ: Aronson, Inc.Kehle, T. J., Owen, S. V., & Cressy, E. T. (1990). The use of self-modeling of anintervention in school psychology. A case study of an elective mute. SchoolPsychology Review, 19, 115-121.Kehle, T.J., Madaus, M.R., Baratta, V.S. (1998). Augmented Self-Modeling as aTreatment for Children with Selective Mutism. Journal of school psychology, 36, 247-260.Kelly, D., Guirguis, W., Frommer, E., et al. (1970). Treatment of phobic states withantidepressants : a retrospective study of 246 patients. British Journal of Psychiatry,116, 387- 398.Kendall, D. F., & Anderson, J. H. (1995). Case study : Fluoxetine in the multimodaltreatment of preschool child with selective mutism, J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc.Psychiatry, 34(7), 857-862.Kendall, P. (1992). Anxiety disorders in youth: Cognitive-behavioral interventions.Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Kendall, P. (1994). Treating anxiety disorders in children: Results of a randomizedclinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 100–110.Kendall, P.C., Flannery-Schroeder, E., Panicelli-Mindel, S.M., Southam-Gerow, M.A.,Henin, A., Warman, M. (1997), Therapy for youths with anxiety disorders: a secondrandomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 366–380.Klein, R., & Last, C. (1989). Anxiety disorders in children. Newbury Park, CA: SagePublications.Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. (1993). Elective mutism and mental retardation. Journal of theAmerican Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 860–864.Koeppen, A.S. (1974).Relaxation training for children. Elementary School Guidanceand Counseling, 9, 14- 21.Kolvin, I., & Fundudis, T. (1981). Elective mute children: Psychological developmentand background factors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 22, 219–232.10

Kolvin, I., & Fundudis, T. (1982). Electively mute children: Psychologicaldevelopment and background factors. Annual Progress in Child Psychology and ChildDevelopment, 484–501.Kopp, S., & Gillberg, C. (1997). Selective mutism: A population based study: Aresearch note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 257–262.Kristensen, H. (1997). Elective mutism-associated with developmentaldisorder/delay: two case studies. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 6, 234-239.Kristensen, H. (2000). Selective mutism and comorbidity with developmentaldisorder/delay, anxiety disorder, and elimination disorder. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(2), 249–256.Kristensen, H. (2001). Multiple informants’ report of emotional and behaviouralproblems in a nation-wide sample of selective mute children and controls. EuropeanChild & Adolescent Psychiatry, 10, 135–142.Kristensen, H. (2002). Non-specific markers of neurodevelopmental disorder/delayin selective mutism. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 11, 71-78.Kristensen, H., & Torgersen, S. (2001). MCMI-II personality traits and symptom traitsin parents of children with selective mutism: A case–control study. Journal ofAbnormal Psychology, 110, 648–652.Krohn, D. D.,Weckstein, S.M., & Wright, H. L. (1992). A study of the effectiveness ofa specific treatment for elective mutism. Journal of the American Academy ofChildand Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 711-718.Krolian, E. B. (1999). “Speech is silver but silence is golden”: A day hospitaltreatment of two electively mute children. In S. A. Spasaro & C. E. Schaefer (Eds.),Refusal to speak: Treatment of selective mutism in children (pp. 265-296). Northvale,NJ: Jason Aronson.Krysanski, V. L. (2003) A brief review of Selective Mutism literature. The Journal ofPsychology, 137(1), 29-40.Kumpulainen, K., Räsänen, E., Raaska, H., & Somppi, V. (1998). Selective mutismamong second-graders in elementary school. European Journal of Child andAdolescent Psychiatry, 7, 24–29.Kupietz, S. S., & Schwartz, I. L. (1982). Elective mutism: Evaluation and behavioraltreatment of three cases. New York State Journal of Medicine, 82, 1073-1076.11

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