the costs and benefits of water buffering

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Profit from StorageThe costs and benefits of water bufferingThe cover photo is the floor of one of the earliest banks in China, in Pinghyao. The image in thefloor is of an ancient coin with a square in the middle, as used from the Qin Dynasty onwards.Ancient Chinese believed that the sky was round and the earth square – hence the shape of thecoin. The square in the middle also stands for a well, with water flowing from all directions from theboundary. The characters from top to bottom in this coin read ‘hundred streams’ and from right toleft ‘monetary value’. The entire piece is probably the cover of a well itself and symbolizes the profitfrom storage.i
AcknowledgementsThe main authors of this book are Albert Tuinhof, Frank van Steenbergen, Peter Vos and LieselotteTolk.Significant contributions were made by Abraham Abhishek, Chantita Setalpruk,, Carol Miles, ChrisReij, Greg Christelis, Jaap Evers, Hartmut Gaese, Kifle Woldegeray, Martin van Beusekom, OlafVerheijen, Ralph Lasage, Ramon Brentführer, Robert Meerman, Seifu Kebede, Tom Marsch andVanessa Vaessen.Text editing and inside art work was coordinated by Lenneke Knoop and Linda Navis. Cover designand cover photo by MetaMeta, infographics were designed by Wijtze Valkema of Pankra. Thepublication is printed by Grafisch Service Centrum.This publication was made possible thanks to a contribution by the BGR (Federal Institute forGeosciences and Natural Resources) and Aqua for All.isbn: 978-90-79658-05-3Tuinhof, A., Van Steenbergen, F., Vos, P. and L. Tolk. 2012. Profit from Storage. The costs and benefits ofwater buffering. Wageningen, The Netherlands: 3R Water Secretariat.ii
Page 5 and 6: EndorsementI wholeheartedly endorse
Page 7: 5 Cases 385.1 Sand storage dams, Ki
Page 10 and 11: Box 1: Examples of economic cost of
Page 12 and 13: esilience and impact multiply when
Page 14 and 15: over time reduces their capacity. I
Page 16 and 17: can help bridge even an unusually d
Page 18 and 19: 2.3 The practice of water buffer ma
Page 20 and 21: Many different types and technologi
Page 22 and 23: ImplementationSmall MAR systems are
Page 24 and 25: Costs and benefitsThe costs reporte
Page 26 and 27: ••Annual rainfall 3 is between
Page 28 and 29: levels. In other cases, the install
Page 30 and 31: Financing mechanismsThe choice of f
Page 32 and 33: Table 4. 3R solutions: use and scal
Page 34 and 35: Box 8: Self financed recharge movem
Page 36 and 37: 4 Calculating the costs andbenefits
Page 38 and 39: Box 10: Life-cycle costs of rainwat
Page 40 and 41: of a large number of roof top water
Page 42 and 43: improved integrated landscapes are
Page 44 and 45: It is important to mention that wat
Page 46 and 47: Table 5. Overview of cases in this
Page 48 and 49: Figure 16. Riverbed during the dry
Page 50 and 51: in siting and construction of sand
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Pasak Ngam is located in a part of
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Continuation and maintenance of the
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5.3 Improved karezesQila Iskan Khan
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Figure 22. a) Villagers taking rest
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5.4 Water augmentationthrough manag
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Table 9. Costs of water (2011)Exist
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5.5 Creating fresh waterbubbles in
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Figure 29. a) Well construction; b)
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••Injection of pond water can c
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••The depression is fed by a la
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To avoid contamination by animals t
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drains, that normally discharge the
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Financing mechanismsAt the moment,
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from the streams, and keep water fr
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Table 14. Climate change impacts an
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Water-spreading weirs are usually b
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possibilities and prerequisites for
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Table 16. World mulch film market,
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efore or after the mulch is placed
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5.11 Soil and water conservationat
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There has been some additional supp
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ReferencesBerhane, G. et al. (2011)
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perpendicular to the direction of t
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Financing mechanismsThe contributio
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5.13 Buffering highland andspring w
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for about 15 years and a cheaper va
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5. 14 Rooftop harvesting andmultipl
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Wastewater from the kitchen, collec
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enter into an agreement with a micr
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Annex IClassification overviewof 3R
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Annex IIThe 2 Step wiseapproach tow
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Annex III Snapshot comparison ofthe
Page 121 and 122:
Annex IVSelect impacts of Kenya’s
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