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44 CHAPTER 4. METHODS AND ALGORITHMSa) b)c) d)Figure 4.11: a) PCA2 and b) PCA3 of the ASTER image, c) PCA2 and d) PCA4 for theLandsat 5 TM image.4.3 Summary on Methods usedIn the bottom line not all of the previously mentioned methods were used in analysingglacier size. Geolocation and othorectication had to be used to transform the satelliterow/column coordinates into earth-based map projection. Manual mapping ofglacier boundaries was used to obtain from ratio images independent glacier sizes.The results of this was used to write glacier attributes (e.g. ID, size) into the attributele of the glacier boundaries le.The NDSI ratio images were used in deriving snow covered areas on glaciers for theLandsat image. For deriving masks of snow covered areas the IHS transformationwas used. The ratio images have not been used to derive glacier areas.The two algorithms mentioned previously of deriving debris and impurities on glacierssurfaces are used for the GLIMS database.Identication of glacier basins was important for the identication of ice devidesand used to divide several glaciers, e.g. Lisenser Ferner and Lisenser Ferner Berglas.
4.3. SUMMARY ON METHODS USED 45The glacier ID points are used for the GLIMS database.As mentioned previously the IHS transformation was used to identify debris andimpurities of glacier surfaces and to generate snow masks for the glaciers.
Page 1: Changes in Area of Stubai Glaciersa
Page 5 and 6: ContentsAbstractContents1 Introduct
Page 7 and 8: Chapter 1IntroductionMeasurements o
Page 9 and 10: Figure 1.2: Stubaital area in a clo
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 2The GLIMS - Project and Re
Page 13 and 14: 2.1. GLIMS - GLOBAL LAND ICE MEASUR
Page 19 and 20: 2.2. GLACIER CHARACTERISTICS 13glac
Page 21 and 22: 2.2. GLACIER CHARACTERISTICS 15Glac
Page 23 and 24: 2.2. GLACIER CHARACTERISTICS 17Figu
Page 25: 2.3. THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING IN G
Page 28 and 29: 22 CHAPTER 3. DATABASEthe actual st
Page 30 and 31: 24 CHAPTER 3. DATABASEBand Waveleng
Page 32 and 33: 26 CHAPTER 3. DATABASE3.2 Digital E
Page 34 and 35: 28 CHAPTER 3. DATABASEAlpeiner Fern
Page 36 and 37: 30 CHAPTER 4. METHODS AND ALGORITHM
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 5Results5.1 Comments on Gla
Page 55 and 56: 5.2. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS 49small gl
Page 57 and 58: 5.2. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS 51are show
Page 59 and 60: 5.2. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS 53Figure 5
Page 61 and 62: 5.3. COMPARISON WITH THE AUSTRIAN G
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 6Summary and ConclusionThe
Page 69: 2003 is 22% what supports the assum
Page 72 and 73: 66 BIBLIOGRAPHYfrom the ground and
Page 74 and 75: 68 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Page 76 and 77: 70 APPENDIX A. SOFTWARE
Page 78 and 79: 72 APPENDIX B. TABLESRiver Number G
Page 80 and 81: 74 APPENDIX B. TABLESWGS-CodeFL NoN
Page 82 and 83: 76 APPENDIX B. TABLESWGS-Code Name
Page 88 and 89: 82 APPENDIX B. TABLES
Page 90 and 91: 84 APPENDIX C. EASI SCRIPTSFILE - D
Page 92 and 93: 86 APPENDIX C. EASI SCRIPTSDebris!*
Page 94 and 95: 88 APPENDIX D. EXAMPLE OF TRANSFER

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