From Smart Factories to Smart Products
Industry 4.0:From Smart Factories to Smart Products
Industry 4.0:From Smart Factories to Smart Products
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
FORUM BUSINESS MEETS RESEARCH, bmr 2012<br />
22 May 2012<br />
Luxembourg - Kirchberg<br />
Industry 4.0:<br />
<strong>From</strong> <strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong> <strong>to</strong><br />
<strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Products</strong><br />
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Wolfgang Wahlster<br />
CEO and Direc<strong>to</strong>r of the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence<br />
Saarbrücken, Kaiserslautern, Bremen, Berlin<br />
Phone: +49 (681) 85775-5252/4162<br />
Fax: +49 (681) 85775-5383/5341<br />
Email: wahlster@dfki.de<br />
WWW: http://www.dfki.de/~wahlster
<strong>From</strong> Industry 1.0 <strong>to</strong> Industry 4.0: Towards<br />
the 4th Industrial Revolution<br />
Degree of Complexity<br />
First<br />
Mechanical<br />
Loom<br />
1784<br />
1. Industrial Revolution<br />
mechanical production<br />
facilities powered by<br />
water and steam<br />
End of<br />
18th<br />
Century<br />
Industry 1.0<br />
t
<strong>From</strong> Industry 1.0 <strong>to</strong> Industry 4.0: Towards<br />
the 4th Industrial Revolution<br />
Degree of Complexity<br />
First<br />
Mechanical<br />
Loom<br />
1784<br />
1. Industrial Revolution<br />
through introduction of<br />
mechanical production<br />
facilities powered by<br />
water and steam<br />
End of<br />
18th<br />
Century<br />
2. Industrial Revolution<br />
mass production based on<br />
the division<br />
of labour powered by<br />
electrical energy<br />
Start of<br />
20th<br />
Century<br />
Industry 2.0<br />
Industry 1.0<br />
t
<strong>From</strong> Industry 1.0 <strong>to</strong> Industry 4.0: Towards<br />
the 4th Industrial Revolution<br />
Degree of Complexity<br />
First<br />
Mechanical<br />
Loom<br />
1784<br />
1. Industrial Revolution<br />
through introduction of<br />
mechanical production<br />
facilities powered by<br />
water and steam<br />
End of<br />
18th<br />
Century<br />
2. Industrial Revolution<br />
through introduction of mass<br />
production based on the division<br />
of labour powerde by<br />
electrical energy<br />
Start of<br />
20th<br />
Century<br />
3. Industrial Revolution<br />
electronics and IT and heavyduty<br />
industrial robots for a<br />
further au<strong>to</strong>mization<br />
of production<br />
Start of<br />
70ies<br />
Industry 3.0<br />
Industry 2.0<br />
Industry 1.0<br />
t
<strong>From</strong> Industry 1.0 <strong>to</strong> Industry 4.0: Towards<br />
the 4th Industrial Revolution<br />
Degree of Complexity<br />
First<br />
Mechanical<br />
Loom<br />
1784<br />
1. Industrial Revolution<br />
through introduction of<br />
mechanical production<br />
facilities powered by<br />
water and steam<br />
End of<br />
18th<br />
Century<br />
2. Industrial Revolution<br />
through introduction of mass<br />
production based on the division<br />
of labour powerde by<br />
electrical energy<br />
Start of<br />
20th<br />
Century<br />
3. Industrial Revolution<br />
through Introduction of<br />
electronics and IT for a<br />
further au<strong>to</strong>mization<br />
of production<br />
Start of<br />
70ies<br />
010001101<br />
001010100<br />
100101010<br />
010010101<br />
<strong>to</strong>day<br />
4. Industrial Revolution<br />
based on Cyber-Physical<br />
Production Systems<br />
Industry 4.0<br />
Industry 3.0<br />
Industry 2.0<br />
Industry 1.0<br />
t
Towards Intelligent Environments based on<br />
the Internet of Things and Services<br />
5) Intelligent<br />
Environments<br />
4) Embedded Computers<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> Fac<strong>to</strong>ry<br />
1) Central Computer<br />
3) <strong>Smart</strong> Phone<br />
2) PC, Notebook <strong>Smart</strong> Card<br />
90% of all<br />
computers are<br />
embedded<br />
1 Computer<br />
Many Users<br />
1 Computer<br />
1 User<br />
Many Computers, 1 User<br />
1941<br />
1960<br />
1980<br />
2000 2020
Future Project Industry 4.0 of<br />
German Chancellor Dr. Angela Merkel<br />
500 M€ for 3 Years<br />
National Program:<br />
250 M€ Funding of<br />
Ministry for Research and<br />
Ministry for Economics<br />
Evolution from<br />
Embedded Systems<br />
<strong>to</strong> Cyber-Physical<br />
Systems<br />
Internet of Things<br />
Vision: Internet der Dinge<br />
Intelligente Umgebungen Environments/<strong>Smart</strong> Spaces<br />
z.B. <strong>Smart</strong> Digital City<br />
Cyber-Physical Systems<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> Fac<strong>to</strong>ry, <strong>Smart</strong> Grid<br />
Networked Embedded<br />
Systems<br />
Intelligent Street Crossing<br />
Eingebettetes<br />
System (ES)<br />
Embedded<br />
Systems<br />
Airbag<br />
National Roadmap<br />
Embedded Systems<br />
Agenda<br />
Cyber-Physical Systems
CPPS: Based on Wireless Adhoc M2M Communication<br />
of Au<strong>to</strong>nomous Sensor-Actua<strong>to</strong>r Components<br />
Video Source: http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/david_merrill_demos_siftables_the_smart_blocks.html<br />
1. Component-based Au<strong>to</strong>mation<br />
2. Efficient Reconfiguration<br />
3. Context-sensitive Component Behaviour<br />
4. Dynamic Adaptation Based on Individual Role of the Component
Industry 4.0: <strong>Smart</strong>, Green, and Urban Production<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> Production<br />
High-precision, superior<br />
quality production of high-mix,<br />
low volume smart products<br />
Green Production<br />
clean, resource-efficient,<br />
and sustainable<br />
Urban Production<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong> in the city<br />
close <strong>to</strong> the employees‘ homes
The Internet of Things and Services as a<br />
Basis for the <strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong> in the Industry 4.0<br />
Internet of Services<br />
<strong>Smart</strong><br />
Material<br />
App<br />
Plattform<br />
Internet der Dienste<br />
Semantic PLM-, SCM-,<br />
CRM-, QMS- and<br />
ERP-Services<br />
<strong>Smart</strong><br />
Fac<strong>to</strong>ry<br />
App Plattform<br />
Cyber-Physical<br />
Production Sytsem<br />
<strong>Smart</strong><br />
<strong>Products</strong><br />
App<br />
Plattform<br />
Internet of Things
Pipelines of <strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong> for Industry 4.0<br />
based on Secure Networks of Clouds<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> Fac<strong>to</strong>ry 2…N<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> Fac<strong>to</strong>ry 1<br />
…<br />
M2M-<br />
Comunication<br />
<strong>Smart</strong><br />
Materials<br />
<strong>Smart</strong><br />
Machine 1<br />
…<br />
<strong>Smart</strong><br />
Machine N<br />
Application Plattform<br />
for Machines<br />
Cyber-Physical<br />
Production Systems<br />
CPPS<br />
<strong>Smart</strong><br />
<strong>Products</strong><br />
Secure Cloud<br />
Networks
<strong>Products</strong> with Integrated Dynamic Digital S<strong>to</strong>rage,<br />
Sensing, and Wireless Communication Capabilities<br />
The product as an information<br />
container<br />
– The product carries information<br />
across the complete supply chain and<br />
its lifecycle.<br />
The product as an agent<br />
– The product affects its environment<br />
I was<br />
produced on<br />
30 April 2010<br />
and shipped<br />
on 3 May 2010<br />
Grasp at<br />
the middle<br />
The product as an observer<br />
2 mins open<br />
Please close!<br />
– The product moni<strong>to</strong>rs itself and its<br />
environment
Service-oriented planning of plant systems<br />
Service Library<br />
Hardware-independent planning of plant systems<br />
ERP<br />
Enterprise<br />
Resource Planning<br />
MES<br />
Manufacturing<br />
Execution System<br />
Field Layer<br />
Abstract Service<br />
hardware-independent<br />
Device Control<br />
hardware-dependent<br />
Sensor-Service<br />
Valve-Service Pump-Service Control-Service Communication-Service<br />
Industry 4.0: All-IP <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong>, no chaos of field buses, Internetbased<br />
Fac<strong>to</strong>ry Networking based on IoS and IoT
<strong>From</strong> Bits and Bytes <strong>to</strong> Semantics<br />
driven by<br />
Electrical<br />
Engineering<br />
driven by<br />
Software<br />
Engineering<br />
Via functions<br />
To semantic services<br />
common<br />
on<strong>to</strong>logy<br />
<strong>From</strong> bits and bytes<br />
SOAPprod_Core<br />
knowledge<br />
based<br />
Semantic<br />
Technologies<br />
driven by
The <strong>Smart</strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ry Shop Floor: Wireless, RFID-,<br />
Sensor- and Service-based Architecture<br />
continuous flow process<br />
colored soap production<br />
discrete handling process<br />
bottling, handling, labeling, QC, packaging…<br />
Live Webcam: http://www.smartfac<strong>to</strong>ry.de/webcam.de.html
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong><br />
Manufacturing s<strong>to</strong>res more data than any<br />
other industrial sec<strong>to</strong>r.<br />
Close <strong>to</strong> two exabytes of new data were<br />
s<strong>to</strong>red in 2010 from multiple sources:<br />
• instrumented production machinery<br />
• supply chain management systems<br />
• product life-cycle systems<br />
New ICT Coordination Action of EU:<br />
BIG: Big Data Public Private Forum<br />
Tren<strong>to</strong> EIT ICT Labs
Human-Centered CPS-based Assistance<br />
Systems for the <strong>Smart</strong> Fac<strong>to</strong>ry<br />
Physical<br />
Assistance by<br />
Exoskele<strong>to</strong>ns<br />
Context-adaptive<br />
Assistance for<br />
Fault Diagnosis<br />
AR/VR/DR-<br />
Assistance in<br />
Complex Work<br />
Processes<br />
Industrielle<br />
Assistenzsysteme<br />
Location-based<br />
Maintenance and<br />
Planning<br />
Assistance<br />
Mobile,<br />
Personalized,<br />
Situation-Adaptive,<br />
Tu<strong>to</strong>ring Systems<br />
Multimodal<br />
Human-Machine<br />
Interaction
Key Features of the Next Generation of Industrial<br />
Assistance Systems for CPPS in Industry 4.0<br />
Non-intrusive<br />
Context-adaptive<br />
Mobile<br />
Industrial<br />
Assistance<br />
Systems<br />
Personalized<br />
Multimodal<br />
Location-based
Combining all Senses -<br />
Getting Rid of Keyboard and Mouse in <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong><br />
Speech<br />
Graphics<br />
Gesture<br />
Multimodal<br />
Interaction<br />
Eyetracking<br />
Physical Action<br />
Facial Expression<br />
Body Language
App S<strong>to</strong>res for the <strong>Smart</strong> Fac<strong>to</strong>ry: Downloading<br />
Tailored User Interfaces for User Groups:<br />
Elderly, Trainees, Disabled, Supervisors…
Location-based Industrial Assistance Systems<br />
for <strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong>: Precise Indoor Positioning
Advanced Industrial Assistant Systems Based on<br />
Augmented Reality Technologies<br />
Industrial Environment<br />
Industrial Worker<br />
with Google Glasses<br />
Mobile, Interactive and Situation-Aware<br />
Tu<strong>to</strong>ring<br />
Tools
Augmented Reality Systems Supporting Maintenance Staff
Affordable Industrial Assistant Systems Using<br />
Mass Market ICT Components<br />
Apps<br />
Pads, Tabs,<br />
<strong>Smart</strong>Phones<br />
Mobile, Light-Weight<br />
OTA Download<br />
of Pluggable<br />
Interfaces<br />
Kinect and<br />
Sensors in<br />
<strong>Smart</strong>Phones<br />
Inexpensive<br />
Gesture Recognition<br />
All IP<br />
Getting Rid of<br />
Industrial Fieldbuses<br />
CloudNets<br />
for Inexpensive<br />
Access<br />
<strong>to</strong> HPC and Mass<br />
S<strong>to</strong>rage<br />
LTE for mobile<br />
High-Speed Internet<br />
Access<br />
50-100MBit/s with<br />
Data Flatrates
Industry 4.0: Robots are no Longer Locked in<br />
Safety Work Cells but Cooperate with Human Workers<br />
Today<br />
Tomorrow<br />
A new generation of light-weight, flexible robots collaborate with<br />
humans in the smart fac<strong>to</strong>ry
Physical Avatars as Industrial Assistants with<br />
Humanoid Collision Avoidance Behavior<br />
AILA: DFKI’s Fembot can be teleoperated or cooperate<br />
au<strong>to</strong>nomously in a joint task as an assistant <strong>to</strong> a fac<strong>to</strong>ry worker
DFKI’s Fembot AILA: Using the Semantic Product<br />
Memory for Adaptive Grasping and <strong>Smart</strong> Product<br />
Assembly<br />
Stereo Cameras in the Head and a 3D<br />
Camera on the Torso for Approaching<br />
an Object<br />
Reading Size, Weight and Lifting Points<br />
from the Product Memory with an<br />
antenna in the left hand – the Robot<br />
gets instructions from the product being<br />
produced in the CPPS
W3C Standards as a Basis for the Project of<br />
the Future Industry 4.0<br />
Standardization<br />
EMMA:<br />
Multimodal<br />
Industrial<br />
Assistance<br />
Systems<br />
Industry 4.0<br />
<strong>Smart</strong> Fac<strong>to</strong>ry<br />
OMM:<br />
Semantic<br />
Product Memory<br />
USDL:<br />
Semantic Services<br />
in Cyber-Physical<br />
Production Systems
The Software-defined Car: Cus<strong>to</strong>mizing<br />
a Car Environment through Apps<br />
Android Market<br />
App S<strong>to</strong>re<br />
Mo<strong>to</strong>r<br />
Management<br />
Apps<br />
Driver<br />
Assistance<br />
Apps<br />
Intelligent<br />
User<br />
Interface Apps<br />
Green<br />
Driving<br />
Apps<br />
10010101101110100010100111010010101101101101100010000010010010010010010011101010100<br />
10010010010001000111101001111010010011010100100100100101010100100110100100100100011<br />
001011111111011111111111101010110001000100100101001010001000100010000000000010001000<br />
10001011100111111101000100111010000000000000000000000000000000010010001001001010100<br />
1010011110111100011111111110010010100101000001001111111010101111010101110100100100100<br />
01001101111101001001010000100100100100100101010010011101100110101100110101110100100<br />
100100101111110011110011010101101001001001010010010010010010000000001001001010011111<br />
11111111101000010101001001001001011111111101010111011111110011111110000000000100101101<br />
101101010100111110111011010111111101000000000000100100100001001010000100101001111010<br />
010010010010010010010010000000001000000000100101010101001001001000110110<br />
© DFKI GmbH
BMW Apps: Integrating the Most Recent<br />
Web Services In<strong>to</strong> the Car Environment<br />
Source: © BMW DFKI GmbH
Conclusions<br />
1. High-precision, superior quality production of high-mix, low volume<br />
smart products are the future of Europe’s successful export-oriented<br />
economies like Germany and especially the Saarland or Luxembourg.<br />
2. 80% of the innovations in manufacturing are based on ICT. They will<br />
lead <strong>to</strong> <strong>Smart</strong> <strong>Fac<strong>to</strong>ries</strong>, Green and Urban Production.<br />
3. The fourth Industrial Revolution will be based on cyber-physical systems,<br />
the Internet of Things and the Internet of Services. It will generate<br />
enormous BIG data streams that can be harvested and analyzed for<br />
resource-efficient production.<br />
4. CPS-based industrial assistant systems are needed <strong>to</strong> support, help and<br />
train the next generation of workers in smart fac<strong>to</strong>ries.<br />
5. Augmented and dual reality systems allow individualized workflows and<br />
fast learning of new production processes.<br />
© W. Wahlster
Thank you very much for your attention.<br />
Design by R.O.
Change language