- Page 1 and 2: Understanding Magnetic Flux Leakage
- Page 3 and 4: Offshore Pipeline MFLT Charlie Chon
- Page 5 and 6: Offshore Pipeline MFLT Charlie Chon
- Page 7 and 8: Cross Country Pipeline MFLT Charlie
- Page 9 and 10: Tank Bottom MFLT Charlie Chong/ Fio
- Page 11: Tank Bottom MFLT Charlie Chong/ Fio
- Page 15 and 16: Principle of MFL Testing MFL testin
- Page 17 and 18: Reading 1 E1571 Standard Practice f
- Page 19 and 20: 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM St
- Page 21 and 22: 3.2.4 single-function instrument—
- Page 23 and 24: Keywords: • AC- Alternating Curre
- Page 25 and 26: Alternating Field MFL method Charli
- Page 27 and 28: FIG. 1 Schematic Representation of
- Page 29 and 30: FIG. 2 Schematic Representation of
- Page 31 and 32: FIG. 3 Schematic Representation of
- Page 33 and 34: 4.2 The examination is conducted us
- Page 35 and 36: 6. Basis of Application 6.1 The fol
- Page 37 and 38: FIG. 5 Example of a Wire Rope Refer
- Page 39 and 40: 7. Limitations 7.1 General Limitati
- Page 41 and 42: 7.3 Limitations Inherent in the Use
- Page 43 and 44: 8.1.4 The instrument should have co
- Page 45 and 46: 9.2.4 The wire rope must be examine
- Page 47 and 48: 9.2.6 To assure repeatability of th
- Page 49 and 50: 9.2.9 If the NDT indicates existenc
- Page 51 and 52: 10.2 Wire Rope Reference Standard:
- Page 53 and 54: 10.3 Rod Reference Standard: 10.3.1
- Page 55 and 56: 11. Test Agency Qualification 11.1
- Page 57 and 58: Reading 2 Magnetic Flux and SLOFEC
- Page 59 and 60: 1. Introduction NDT is an essential
- Page 61 and 62: 2. Progress in NDT capabilities The
- Page 63 and 64:
3. Traditional MFL Inspection syste
- Page 65 and 66:
Fig 2: Adjustable MFL pipe scanner
- Page 67 and 68:
For inspection of bare or painted p
- Page 69 and 70:
MFL method Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhan
- Page 71 and 72:
A magnet within a yoke construction
- Page 73 and 74:
5. Principle of "improved" MFL (SLO
- Page 75 and 76:
Figure 4: shows the relative sensit
- Page 77 and 78:
The technical thickness limit of th
- Page 79 and 80:
End Of Reading 2 Charlie Chong/ Fio
- Page 81 and 82:
INTRODUCTION Magnetic Flux Leakage
- Page 83 and 84:
Figures 5 to 8 are photographs of e
- Page 85 and 86:
METHOD PRINCIPLES MFL: The principl
- Page 87 and 88:
PROBABILITY OF DETECTION - MFL. The
- Page 89 and 90:
■ Sensor type and layout Two type
- Page 91 and 92:
■ Speed control Some degree of sp
- Page 93 and 94:
■ Defect notification There are t
- Page 95 and 96:
■ Scanning surface condition The
- Page 97 and 98:
■ Scanning surface coating One ma
- Page 99 and 100:
60%, 40%, 50%, Charlie Chong/ Fion
- Page 101 and 102:
■ Human factors As with other NDT
- Page 103 and 104:
PROBABILITY OF DETECTION - ULTRASON
- Page 105 and 106:
Flaw detector As a minimum it shoul
- Page 107 and 108:
Couplant method and type Two method
- Page 109 and 110:
Floor Parameters Thickness Thinner
- Page 111 and 112:
Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 113 and 114:
Pit characteristics The easiest pit
- Page 115 and 116:
POD Summary for Ultrasonics On good
- Page 117 and 118:
Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 119 and 120:
Figures 17 to 21 are photographs of
- Page 121 and 122:
Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 123 and 124:
End Of Reading 3 Charlie Chong/ Fio
- Page 125 and 126:
The Truth About Magnetic Flux Leaka
- Page 127 and 128:
MAGNETIC FLUX LEAKAGE (MFL) In orde
- Page 129 and 130:
THE MFL INSPECTION ENVIRONMENT In o
- Page 131 and 132:
■ STORAGE TANK SURFACE CONDITION
- Page 133 and 134:
■ SENSOR TYPES MFL tools typicall
- Page 135 and 136:
MFL TECHNIQUE APPLICATION CONSIDERA
- Page 137 and 138:
■ QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF INDI
- Page 139 and 140:
■ THE SINGLE LEVEL THRESHOLD Comm
- Page 141 and 142:
End Of Reading 4 Charlie Chong/ Fio
- Page 143 and 144:
Abstract— Magnetic non-destructiv
- Page 145 and 146:
History The effect was originally d
- Page 147 and 148:
I. INTRODUCTION Accidents due to de
- Page 149 and 150:
In this study, we developed the MFL
- Page 151 and 152:
Figure 1. Resistance of the TMR dev
- Page 153 and 154:
Faraday Law E(emf) = - N ∆(BA)/
- Page 155 and 156:
The signal from the lock-in amplifi
- Page 157 and 158:
Figure 4. Measuring points for back
- Page 159 and 160:
Figure 7 shows the power spectrum o
- Page 161 and 162:
Figure 5. Magnetic images with 10 H
- Page 163 and 164:
Figure 6. Magnetic images with 5 Hz
- Page 165 and 166:
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION First, w
- Page 167 and 168:
Figure8. Magnetic images of pits wi
- Page 169 and 170:
Figure 10. Example of the extracted
- Page 171 and 172:
Figure 12. Relationship of the defe
- Page 173 and 174:
End Of Reading 5 Charlie Chong/ Fio
- Page 175 and 176:
9.1 PART 1. Introduction to Magneti
- Page 177 and 178:
9.1.1.2 Receiving Testing The end u
- Page 179 and 180:
5. Forging laps occur when gouges o
- Page 181 and 182:
For used materials, fatigue crackin
- Page 183 and 184:
Steel Mill - Expert at Works Charli
- Page 185 and 186:
Steel Mill Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhan
- Page 187 and 188:
Seams & Laps Charlie Chong/ Fion Zh
- Page 189 and 190:
Keywords: • Excitation systems.
- Page 191 and 192:
FIGURE 1. Electromagnetic yoke for
- Page 193 and 194:
Reluctance. Magnetic reluctance, or
- Page 195 and 196:
L, Henry - H, The inductance of an
- Page 197 and 198:
Weber (Magnetic Flux Ф) In physics
- Page 199 and 200:
Electrical Inductance - Henry The h
- Page 201 and 202:
More Reading on: Magnetic field A m
- Page 203 and 204:
The weber The weber may be defined
- Page 205 and 206:
History: Although magnets and magne
- Page 207 and 208:
Three discoveries challenged this f
- Page 209 and 210:
Between 1861 and 1865, James Clerk
- Page 211 and 212:
Lorentz Force Law Both the electric
- Page 213 and 214:
From the force relationship above i
- Page 215 and 216:
Alternative names for B • Magneti
- Page 217 and 218:
Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://ww
- Page 219 and 220:
Reluctance S is the sum of the relu
- Page 221 and 222:
Reluctance S Reluctance, S = Length
- Page 223 and 224:
9.2.1 Magnetizing Coil A commonly u
- Page 225 and 226:
Introduction of the test object int
- Page 227 and 228:
9.2.1.2 Testing in Residual Field T
- Page 229 and 230:
FIGURE 3. Circumferential magnetiza
- Page 231 and 232:
FIGURE 5. Simple technique for circ
- Page 233 and 234:
Typical configurations shown in Fig
- Page 235 and 236:
FIGURE 6. Capacitor discharge confi
- Page 237 and 238:
A good rule is that, if H(r) in Eq.
- Page 239 and 240:
9.2.4 Optimal Operating Point Consi
- Page 241 and 242:
At higher and higher values of appl
- Page 243 and 244:
9.3 PART 3. Magnetic Flux Leakage T
- Page 245 and 246:
Magnetic Flux Leakage fields. Charl
- Page 247 and 248:
BS EN 10246-5:2000 MFLT Set-up 1: T
- Page 249 and 250:
MFLT- Expert at Work Charlie Chong/
- Page 251 and 252:
MFLT- Expert at Works Charlie Chong
- Page 253 and 254:
The most commonly used in-service i
- Page 255 and 256:
Magnetic Flux Leakage fields. Charl
- Page 257 and 258:
Intelligence Piggy Charlie Chong/ F
- Page 259 and 260:
This induction direction makes it p
- Page 261 and 262:
It must be mentioned that only the
- Page 263 and 264:
This equation indicates that the ou
- Page 265 and 266:
FIGURE 9. Pickup coil and signal in
- Page 267 and 268:
Magnetic Flux Leakage & Signals Cha
- Page 269 and 270:
Magnetic Flux Leakage & Signals Cha
- Page 271 and 272:
Magnetodiodes Charlie Chong/ Fion Z
- Page 273 and 274:
Hall Effect Detectors Charlie Chong
- Page 275 and 276:
9.3.1.4 Giant Magnetoresistive Prob
- Page 277 and 278:
FIGURE 10. Resistance versus applie
- Page 279 and 280:
However, there are some disadvantag
- Page 281 and 282:
Giant Magnetoresistive or GMR senso
- Page 283 and 284:
Okay so the AMR and GMR sensors see
- Page 285 and 286:
9.3.2 Magnetic Particles Magnetic p
- Page 287 and 288:
(B) Wet Testing. Wet techniques are
- Page 289 and 290:
9.3.2.2 Imaging of Magnetic Particl
- Page 291 and 292:
FIGURE 11. Flying spot scanner for
- Page 293 and 294:
In practice, charge coupled device
- Page 295 and 296:
CCD Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 297 and 298:
CCD Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http:
- Page 299 and 300:
9.3.3.1 Finite Element Techniques A
- Page 301 and 302:
The solutions of classical problems
- Page 303 and 304:
FEA Model Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 305 and 306:
Other Reading: Leakage signals due
- Page 307 and 308:
Design considerations for magnetiza
- Page 309 and 310:
9.4.1 Test Object Configurations 9.
- Page 311 and 312:
Elongated Objects- Pump Jack Charli
- Page 313 and 314:
Threaded Regions of Sucker Rod Char
- Page 315 and 316:
9.4.1.4 Ball Bearings and Races Sys
- Page 317 and 318:
Relatively Flat Surfaces Charlie Ch
- Page 319 and 320:
In the metal processing industries,
- Page 321 and 322:
9.4.3 Typical Magnetic Flux Leakage
- Page 323 and 324:
Ampere's Law The magnetic field in
- Page 325 and 326:
9.4.3.2 Transverse Discontinuities
- Page 327 and 328:
The effective permeability of the m
- Page 329 and 330:
1. Where there is a direct current
- Page 331 and 332:
9.4.4 Particular Applications 9.4.4
- Page 333 and 334:
9.4.4.2 Internal Casing or Pipeline
- Page 335 and 336:
Production and transmission compani
- Page 337 and 338:
Cannon Tubes Charlie Chong/ Fion Zh
- Page 339 and 340:
9.4.4.6 Billets A relatively common
- Page 341 and 342:
As with many forms of nondestructiv
- Page 343 and 344:
9.5.1 Introduction The magnetic flu
- Page 345 and 346:
An earlier study of samples magneti
- Page 347 and 348:
9.5.2 EXPERIMENTAL Three simulated
- Page 349 and 350:
Fig. 2. Camera picture of a gouge o
- Page 351 and 352:
Fig. 3. Outline of pipeline sample
- Page 353 and 354:
After the three magnetization cycle
- Page 355 and 356:
Fig. 4. Contour map of radial activ
- Page 357 and 358:
Keywords: ■ Contour map scan ■
- Page 359 and 360:
Fig. 6. Contour map of radial resid
- Page 361 and 362:
Compare the magnetic flux density o
- Page 363 and 364:
Fig. 8. Contour map of radial resid
- Page 365 and 366:
Active and residual flux distributi
- Page 367 and 368:
Fig. 10. Probable flux distribution
- Page 369 and 370:
One of the interesting features of
- Page 371 and 372:
Fig. 11. Active (a) and residual (b
- Page 373 and 374:
Irregular gouge The active and resi
- Page 375 and 376:
Fig. 12. Active (a) and residual (b
- Page 377 and 378:
The main interest was to determine
- Page 379 and 380:
Fig. 13. Residual MFL scans of circ
- Page 381 and 382:
9.5.4 CONCLUSIONS The residual MFL
- Page 383 and 384:
Peach - 我 爱 桃 子 Charlie Cho
- Page 385 and 386:
Good Luck Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang