MGT 350 Final Exam Guide 1/snaptutorial

MGT 350 Final Exam Guide 1
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1) Critical thinking may be stored for use in future decision making. Examples of mechanisms
used to “store” critical thinking for future programmed decisions include
A. a regression analysis
B. a Stakeholder Analysis
C. a Pareto Chart
D. pre-opening checklist
E. a SWOT Analysis
3) When facing a critical decision, a manager should use critical thinking in order to ______
uncertainty

A. eliminate
B. increase
C. reduce
D. randomize
4) Kathy is a manager deciding between two applicants for a position reporting to her. One
applicant for the position is a close personal friend of Kathy’s. Because Kathy is concerned
that self serving bias may influence her to incorrectly see her friend as the best candidate,
she should
A. allow someone else to make the decision.
B. eliminate her bias by not allowing her friend to apply
C. ignore her bias and be strictly objective
D. any of the above would be an equally valid choice from a critical thinking
perspective
E. seek input from others before making the decision.
5) Jane has a term paper due, a sick child who needs her attention, and a major project due
at work. To save time, she decides to submit a paper for school that is less than her best, but
will earn a passing grade. The best description of Jane’s approach is
A. creativity
B. analyzing
C. satisficing
D. optimizing
6) Despite all the measures followed, successful decisions are not always guaranteed so it is
important to
A. develop contingency plans
B. only allow the most senior leaders to influence decisions
C. use logical thinking to guarantee a correct outcome
D. accept that some decisions will not work and move on to other issues
E. develop appropriate measurements for the impacts of decisions
7) One way for a leader to develop alternative perspectives for decision making is to
A. increase the use of the logical thinking style
B. rely on the intellectual component of stereotyping
C. apply past decision successes to current decision opportunities
D. increase the homogeneity of his or her team
E. consult with internal stakeholders in other departments
8) One way for a leader to develop alternative perspectives for decision making is to
A. assign the role of devil’s advocate for meetings
B. rely on the intellectual component of stereotyping
C. apply past decision successes to current decision opportunities
D. increase the homogeneity of his or her team
E. increase the use of the logical thinking style

9) Critical thought involves the consideration of diverse perspectives. Disadvantages of
group decision making include
A. a decision that accounts for the interests of diverse stakeholders
B. all of the above are disadvantages of group decision making
C. a more autocratic environment
D. a process that is more time consuming
E. increased security of confidential information
10) During problem formulation, the decision maker must account for the interests of diverse
stakeholders. An important step toward this outcome is the establishment of
A. measurements for the decision
B. decision Implementation Processes
C. criteria, goals, and objectives
D. timelines and resource allocations
E. contingency plans
11) The outcome of the process of framing the problem includes
A. a timeline for decision implementation
B. an assessment of resources needed to execute a decision
C. a list of criteria, goals, and objectives for a decision
D. a list of potential alternative courses of action
E. the measurements one will use to evaluate the decision
12) Conflict is a force of influence upon decision making, and may hamper decision
implementation if not accounted for in the problem formulation and identification process.
Conflict may stem from such factors as
A. inspirational leadership
B. routine programmed decisions
C. groupthink
D. personal attributes
E. a lack of a devil’s advocate
13) What is the most comprehensive definition of a problem?
A. A positive situation that requires action in order to fully leverage an opportunity.
B. A declining economy resulting in reduced revenues
C. A negative situation that requires action to mitigate damage
D. Gap between current situation and some future desired state
E. An increase in the cost of doing business.
14) This thinking style may be used to frame a problem in general terms through the use of
sample data.

15) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem
formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader would
16) While this decision style offers an opportunity for stakeholder input, it most lessens
accountability for decision making.
A. Democratic
B. Consensus
C. Autocratic
D. Collaborative/participative
E. Leader decides
17) An appropriate profit relative to funds invested would be a primary consideration of this
stakeholder group.
18) Problems may become apparent to stakeholders through the use of tools which compare
actual results to expected results. An example of such a tool is a
he store’s commission structure for sales personnel. She has decided to exclude the sales
personnel affected from the decision making process. Jan is probably seeking to minimize this
force of influence on the decision making process.
20) Identifying programmed decision opportunities—problems with objectively correct
answers, solvable through the use of simple rules, policies, or numerical computations—
promises this benefit in terms of decision making.
21) Identifying programmed decision opportunities—problems with objectively correct
answers, solvable through the use of simple rules, policies, or numerical computations—
promises this benefit in terms of decision making.
22) For urgent decisions, this approach may be the most efficient and effective use of the
manager’s time when there are other critical competing priorities.
A. Experimenting
B. Optimizing
C. Satisficing
D. Brainstorming and multi-voting with a team
E. Creation of a task force
23) A decision tool that can be helpful in identifying risks to contemplated decisions is
A. a Force Field Analysis
B. a histogram
C. a Pareto chart
D. a periodic table
E. a Fishbone diagram

24) When a manager is attempting to identify root causes, the following tool may be helpful:
A. SWOT analysis
B. Fishbone diagram
C. Force field analysis
D. profit and loss statements
E. Financial Balance sheet
25) The manager of the Gallery Restaurant noted that the restaurant had experienced a
decrease in the number of evening customers. The manager promptly ordered the chef to
rewrite the evening menu. Customer feedback later indicated that the problem had not been
the menu but poor service from the wait staff. The manager's decision to have the menu
revised suggests that she failed to
A. properly diagnose the cause of the problem
B. identify the problem
C. evaluate the decision and its consequences
D. evaluate the alternatives and consequences
26) In the course of developing a SWOT analysis, Bob determines that a large competitor is
moving into one of his company’s key service areas. Bob has uncovered
A. a weakness
B. a positive trigger point
C. a strength
D. a threat
E. an opportunity
27) When deciding between decision alternatives, this tool helps the manager to focus scarce
resources on the most common causes of a problem.
28) The best way to mitigate employee resistance to a decision is to
29) Freda is in the process of implementing a significant decision. Which of the following
considerations should she ignore?
31) Freda is analyzing the prospects for a new gambling casino that her company is
considering. In the course of her analysis, Freda has identified potential stakeholder
resistance to this venture, in that she has discovered that the areas is very densely populated
with houses of worship. She has also discovered a potential source of support for this venture,
in that the local government has established tax credits for new businesses in an effort to
stimulate employment. Freda is, in all likelihood, developing a
32) The assignment of different tasks to different people or groups is an important part of a(n)

33) Since unforeseen circumstances will arise during implementation, a company should
invest resources in teaching employees to
A. be consistent in their actions
34) The moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business are
called
35) A system of rules that governs the ordering of values is referred to as
36) Markus worked last summer as a receptionist in a lawyer's office. During a discussion
prompted by the ethics chapter in your text, he commented that he was asked to tell callers
that the lawyer was in court when in fact the lawyer was playing golf! He eventually quit the
job because he believes that under no circumstance is it permissible to tell a lie. Markus
appears to be following the ethical system referred to as a
37) Bob’s company regularly surveys employees concerning satisfaction with various
attributes of their jobs, and their working conditions. This allows Bob to watch for positive or
negative changes in measured satisfaction levels when decisions are made to change the
nature of work or compensation in order to increase retention. Bob is applying this thinking
style to evaluate his decisions.
38) The objective to “reduce rework significantly within 6 months” is not sufficiently
meaningful nor measurable because it is not sufficiently
39) A measurement that evaluates the amount of inputs used to achieve outputs is a measure
of
40) When evaluating the decision processes in an organization, leaders will bear in mind that
41) When evaluating the decision processes in an organization, leaders should consider
doing which of the following?
42) As noted in our texts, a key measurement of our decisions is: “are they ethical.” In order
to achieve a superior level of ethical behavior in its decision making processes, leaders
should instill a(n) ______ in those charged with making decisions.