- Page 1: 1 SEDAT ERDOĞAN SCHWA
- Page 5: 5 PHONEMES / SPELLINGS
- Page 8 and 9: 8 MANNER OF ARTICULATION PLOSIVES A
- Page 10 and 11: 10 PLOSIVES /p/ POOL /puːl/ /b/ BE
- Page 12 and 13: 12 DIPH-THONGS eer ere ear /ɪə/ b
- Page 14 and 15: 14 VOICELESS = HARD CONSONANTS SPEL
- Page 16 and 17: 16 -bread /bred/ -breast /brest/ -b
- Page 18 and 19: 18 -had /həd/ -hang /hæŋ/ -hangi
- Page 22 and 23: 22 -while /waɪl/ -whisky /ˈwɪski
- Page 24 and 25: 24 be /bi/ /biː/ been /biːn/ /bɪ
- Page 26 and 27: 26 -define /dɪˈfaɪn/ -degree /d
- Page 28 and 29: 28 -effect /ɪˈfekt/ -elect /ɪˈl
- Page 30 and 31: 30 -implode /ɪmˈpləʊd/ -imply /
- Page 32 and 33: 32 -remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ -remote /r
- Page 34 and 35: 34 -adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ -admire /
- Page 36 and 37: 36 -assess /əˈses/ -assign /əˈs
- Page 38 and 39: 38 -contemporary /kənˈtemprəri/
- Page 40 and 41: 40 -subject (v) /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ /ˈ
- Page 42 and 43: 42 -admire /ədˈmaɪɚ/ -admit /ə
- Page 44 and 45: 44 -assist /əˈsɪst/ -assistant /
- Page 46 and 47: 46 -contend /kənˈtɛnd/ -continue
- Page 48 and 49: 48 -submit /səbˈmɪt/ -subordinat
- Page 50 and 51: 50 DI-GRAPHS A di-graph is a single
- Page 52 and 53: 52 CONSONANT CLUSTERS (BLENDS) /bl/
- Page 54 and 55: 54 SILENT CONSONANTS Silent ‘b’
- Page 56 and 57: 56 Silent ‘r’ -answers /ˈɑːn
- Page 58 and 59: 58 SYLLABLES & -ED ENDINGS Words en
- Page 60 and 61: 60 DOUBLE CONSONANTS = ONE CLEAR CO
- Page 62 and 63: 62 DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES They change
- Page 64 and 65: 64 -ate associate /əˈsəʊʃieɪt
- Page 66 and 67: 66 COMPOUND WORDS & STRESS COMPOUND
- Page 68 and 69: 68 -Ivan /ˈaɪvn/ -Laura /ˈlɔːr
- Page 70 and 71:
70 ‘est’ = /ɪst/ Spelling -big
- Page 72 and 73:
72 -decoration /ˌdekəˈreɪʃn/ -
- Page 74 and 75:
74 HOMO-GRAPHS (SAME SPELLING) WORD
- Page 76 and 77:
76 HOMO-NYMS (SAME SPELLING and PRO
- Page 79:
79 PREFIXES and WORD STRESS
- Page 82 and 83:
82 -disobey /ˌdɪsəˈbeɪ/ -disob
- Page 84 and 85:
84 -inexperienced /ˌɪnɪkˈspɪə
- Page 86 and 87:
86 -superstition /ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃ
- Page 88 and 89:
88 -underpriced -underprepared -und
- Page 90 and 91:
90 NOTE: -forecast -foresee -forete
- Page 93 and 94:
93 ‘-ize’ / ‘-ise’ -adverti
- Page 95 and 96:
95 -consolidate /kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt/
- Page 97 and 98:
97 -motivate /ˈməʊtɪveɪt/ -nec
- Page 99 and 100:
99 /ɪ/ -biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/ -chic
- Page 101 and 102:
101 ‘-ic’ -artistic /ɑːˈtɪs
- Page 103 and 104:
103 ‘-ity’ -majority /məˈdʒ
- Page 105 and 106:
105 -position -possession -promotio
- Page 107 and 108:
107 CONNECTED SPEECH -ASSIMILATION
- Page 109 and 110:
109 SENTENCE STRESS and SCHWA Conte
- Page 111 and 112:
111 WEAK & STRONG FORMS (FUNCTION W
- Page 113 and 114:
113 WHY ‘STRESS HARMONY’ IS IMP
- Page 115 and 116:
115 SENTENCE STRESS EXAMPLES POSITI
- Page 117 and 118:
117 NEGATIVE SENTENCES He doesn’t
- Page 119 and 120:
119 What should I do? What time was
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121 -A cup of tea, please. /ə ˈk
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123 /t/ changes to /p/ before /m/,
- Page 125 and 126:
125 LINKING In spoken English, we l
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127 LINKING CONSONANTS to VOWELS af
- Page 129 and 130:
129 OMISSION OF /t/ SPELLING aren
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131 INTRUSION In spoken English, in
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133 INTONATION SENTENCE TYPE EXAMPL
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135 RHYTHM GROUPS In long sentences
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137 PHONEMES & ALLOPHONES The allo-
- Page 139 and 140:
139 LONG VOWEL PHONEMES British Eng
- Page 141 and 142:
141 APPENDIX
- Page 143 and 144:
143 IRREGULAR VERBS FIRST FORM SECO
- Page 145 and 146:
145 /lɜːn/ /lɜːnt/ /leɪ/ /leɪ
- Page 147 and 148:
147 FEMALE NAMES and SCHWA /ə/ -Am
- Page 149 and 150:
149 MALE NAMES and SCHWA /ə/ -Adam
- Page 151 and 152:
151 HOW WE SPEAK and USE ENGLISH En
- Page 153 and 154:
153 -simple -single -successful -sy
- Page 155 and 156:
155 Final ‘m’ -nationalism -pop
- Page 157 and 158:
157 TEACHING SOUND-SPELLING RELATIO
- Page 159 and 160:
159 BRITISH PHONEMES VOWEL PHONEMES
- Page 161 and 162:
161 The British Isles /ðə ˌbrɪt
- Page 163 and 164:
163 /w/ /w/ is a short form of the
- Page 165 and 166:
165 FRONT=PALATAL BACK=VELAR /aɪ/
- Page 167 and 168:
167 TRIPH-THONGS Three vowel sounds
- Page 169 and 170:
169 Labio-Velar Approximant -whale
- Page 171 and 172:
171 THE PRODUCTION of CONSONANT SOU
- Page 173 and 174:
173 /kw/ sound The letters ‘qu’
- Page 175 and 176:
175 There is usually unstress on in
- Page 177 and 178:
177 In spoken English, middle /h/ i
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179 ENGLISH VOWEL PHONEMES SHORT VO
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181 ENGLISH TURKISH Key to learning
- Page 183 and 184:
183 -show /ʃəʊ w / -slow /sləʊ
- Page 185 and 186:
185 -boy /bɔɪ y / -coy /kɔɪ y /
- Page 187 and 188:
187 -always /ˈɔːlweɪz/ /ˈɔːl
- Page 189 and 190:
189 -broadcast /ˈbrɔːdkɑːst/ -
- Page 191 and 192:
191 -concise /kənˈsaɪs/ -conclus
- Page 193 and 194:
193 -despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ -determi
- Page 195 and 196:
195 -enchant /ɪnˈtʃɑːnt/ -enco
- Page 197 and 198:
197 -fanatic /fəˈnætɪk/ -fantas
- Page 199 and 200:
199 -generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ -geni
- Page 201 and 202:
201 -horse /hɔːs/ -hospital /ˈh
- Page 203 and 204:
203 -interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprit/ -in
- Page 205 and 206:
205 -leader /ˈliːdəʳ/ -league /
- Page 207 and 208:
207 -march /mɑːtʃ/ -market /ˈm
- Page 209 and 210:
209 -nonsense /ˈnɒnsns/ -norm /n
- Page 211 and 212:
211 -origin /ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/ -origin
- Page 213 and 214:
213 -pencil /ˈpensl/ -pension /ˈp
- Page 215 and 216:
215 -posture /ˈpɒstʃəʳ/ -potat
- Page 217 and 218:
217 -reasonable /ˈriːznəbl/ -reb
- Page 219 and 220:
219 -romantic /rəʊˈmæntɪk/ -ro
- Page 221 and 222:
221 -several /ˈsevrəl/ -severe /s
- Page 223 and 224:
223 -south /saʊθ/ -southern /ˈs
- Page 225 and 226:
225 -style /staɪl/ -subject /ˈsʌ
- Page 227 and 228:
227 -taught /tɔːt/ -teacher /ˈti
- Page 229 and 230:
229 -tough /tʌf/ -tour /tɔːʳ/ /
- Page 231 and 232:
231 -uneasy /ʌnˈiːzi/ -unemploye
- Page 233 and 234:
233 -villa /ˈvɪlə/ -village /ˈv
- Page 235 and 236:
235 -weight /weɪt/ -welcome /ˈwel
- Page 237 and 238:
237 -work /wɜːk/ -workbook /ˈwɜ
- Page 239 and 240:
239 -Korea /kəˈriə/ -Latvia /ˈl
- Page 241 and 242:
241 -airport /ˈɛrpɔrt/ -alarm /
- Page 243 and 244:
243 -auxiliary /ɔgˈzɪləri/ /ɔg
- Page 245 and 246:
245 -boat /boʊt/ -body /ˈbɑdi/ -
- Page 247 and 248:
247 -channel /ˈtʃænl/ -chapter /
- Page 249 and 250:
249 -consider /kənˈsɪdɚ/ -consi
- Page 251 and 252:
251 -decision /dɪˈsɪʒən/ -deco
- Page 253 and 254:
253 -ear /ɪr/ -early /ˈɚli/ -ear
- Page 255 and 256:
255 -father /ˈfɑðɚ/ -fault /fɔ
- Page 257 and 258:
257 -geology /dʒiˈɑlədʒi/ -ges
- Page 259 and 260:
259 -heard /hɚd/ -heart /hɑrt/ -h
- Page 261 and 262:
261 -innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən
- Page 263 and 264:
263 -leadership /ˈlidɚˌʃɪp/ -l
- Page 265 and 266:
265 -medicine /ˈmɛdəsən/ -meet
- Page 267 and 268:
267 -neck /nɛk/ -necklace /ˈnɛkl
- Page 269 and 270:
269 -okay /oʊˈkeɪ/ -old /oʊld/
- Page 271 and 272:
271 -party /ˈpɑrt i/ -Pasific Oce
- Page 273 and 274:
273 -pocket /ˈpɑkɪt/ -poem /ˈpo
- Page 275 and 276:
275 -quality /ˈkwɑlət i/ -quanti
- Page 277 and 278:
277 -relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ -release
- Page 279 and 280:
279 -scan /skæn/ -scarcely /ˈskɛ
- Page 281 and 282:
281 -signal /ˈsɪgnəl/ -signature
- Page 283 and 284:
283 -speechless /ˈspitʃlɪs/ -spe
- Page 285 and 286:
285 -super /ˈsupɚ/ -superlative /
- Page 287 and 288:
287 -theory /ˈθiəri/ /ˈθɪri/
- Page 289 and 290:
289 -Turkey /ˈtɚki/ -turn /tɚn/
- Page 291 and 292:
291 -usually /ˈyuʒuəli/ /ˈyuʒ
- Page 293 and 294:
293 -war /wɔr/ -warm /wɔrm/ -warn
- Page 295 and 296:
295 -wine /waɪn/ -wing /wɪŋ/ -wi
- Page 297 and 298:
297 COMPOUND WORDS and STRESS -Amer
- Page 299 and 300:
299 -good morning -goodbye -good he
- Page 301 and 302:
301 -midnight -mobile phone -modern
- Page 303 and 304:
303 -seafood -seat belt -second cla
- Page 305 and 306:
305 -worksheet -yellow card -yes no
- Page 307 and 308:
307 -booking office /ˈbʊkɪŋ ɒf
- Page 309 and 310:
309 STRESS the SYLLABLE before THES
- Page 311 and 312:
311 STRESS SHIFT /ˈsəʊʃl/ /ˌs
- Page 313 and 314:
313 /iə/ = ‘ia’, ‘io’ -Adr
- Page 315 and 316:
315 The stressed syllable (vowel) =
- Page 317 and 318:
317 shall /ʃəl/ /ʃl/ /l/ /ʃæl/
- Page 319 and 320:
319 been /biːn/ /bɪn/ he'd /id/ /
- Page 321 and 322:
321 /ˈweəz jə ˌkɑː/ /ɪts ˈn
- Page 323 and 324:
323 /əjə ˈkreɪzi/ /ˌɪznt ɪt
- Page 325 and 326:
325 /ˌhæv ˈbrekfəst/ /ˌhæv ˈ
- Page 327 and 328:
327 /ˌget ˈɪn/ /ˌfɔːl ˈɒf/
- Page 329 and 330:
329 /ˈpliːzd tə ˌmiːt ju/ /ˈw
- Page 331 and 332:
331 /aı ˌfɪnɪʃ ˈraɪtɪŋ ma
- Page 333 and 334:
333 /ˈweə kən aɪ ˈwɒʃ maɪ
- Page 335 and 336:
335 /ɒn ðə ˈfɜːst əv ˈɔːg
- Page 337 and 338:
337 /aɪl ˈmiː tʃə təˌnaɪt/
- Page 339 and 340:
339 /ˌwel ˈnəʊn/ /hedˈtiːtʃ
- Page 341 and 342:
341 /aɪd ˈlaɪk tə ˌɑːsk jə
- Page 343 and 344:
343 /ˌkɒtn ˈʃɜːt/ /ˈθɪŋk
- Page 345 and 346:
345 /ˌgəʊ tə ðə ˈlaɪbrəri/
- Page 347 and 348:
347 /ʃi ˈsʌmtaɪmz ˌgəʊz tə
- Page 349 and 350:
349 /aɪ ˈhævnt ˌfaʊnd ɪt/ /ˌ
- Page 351 and 352:
351 /ˌsləʊ ˈspiːtʃ/ /aɪ ˌge
- Page 353 and 354:
353 MAIN (PRIMARY) STRESS on PREPOS
- Page 355 and 356:
355 PRIMARY and SECONDARY STRESS ad
- Page 357 and 358:
357 HELPFUL HINTS for TEACHING ENGL
- Page 359 and 360:
359 *English Front Vowels = /iː/,
- Page 361 and 362:
361 *Liquids = /l/, /r/. *Lower Lip
- Page 363 and 364:
363 *The lips are neither spread no