PROCEEDINGS

Monitoring concept on operating aspects include mining area, disaster restoring area
and ecological restoring area, while environmental ecological aspect consist of waste stowage
area and ecological restored area. Mining area, waste stowage area and ecological restoring
area are areas with continuous change in terrain, in need of periodic monitoring. Disaster
restoring area, on the other hand, is vulnerable to sudden terrain changes triggered by natural
or artificial inputs, making the speed and urgency of monitoring most critical. Ecological
restored area is an area that has been reached to its former original ecological state; it thus has
little or no terrain alteration over time, with the exception of vegetation. Due to such
characteristic, ecological restored areas lack urgency and importance of monitoring.
To efficiently monitor open-pit mines according to the set monitoring concept,
collection, acquisition and fusion of basic data for monitoring should be accompanied. If a
periodical data acquisition is needed concerning environmental ecological or operating
aspects of the mines, an annual, year-by-year restoration and cyclic mine operation plan
should be established using annual or biennial aerial photogrammetry and airborne laser
surveying that would aid processing a high-resolution digital ortho image and DEM of the
mining region. Non periodic data acquisition is a necessary process in case of disasters or
civil petitions addressing monitoring of mines. In a given situation where non periodic data
acquisition is needed, UAV or terrestrial LiDAR, which are inexpensive and require less
procedures, will be utilized to gain DEM and high-resolution ortho image of the area of
interest to maximize the efficiency and potential of the monitoring system’s ability to restore
the area. Figure 2 shows the classification of monitoring areas of open-pit mines and data
acquisition method.
Figure 2. Classification of monitoring area and data acquisition method
2.3 Classification of monitoring area using basic geospatial information
Basic geospatial information is a basic data on the monitoring system of open-pit
mines; with the information, the possibility of monitoring alterations in open-pit mines was
tested using geospatial information analysis method. This research, to monitor the alteration
of open-pit, active mines, has conducted airborne laser surveying twice in 2007 and 2014 of
Lafarge Halla Cement mine. Monitoring analysis of the alteration of open-pit mines was
divided into two basic frames, image-based analysis and DEM-based analysis. Differential
image method, utilizing digital ortho image, was used in the image-based monitoring
analysis, while earth-volume calculation and residual DEM was used in the DEM-based
monitoring analysis. With application of the two methods of monitoring analysis, this
research has verified the validity of the criteria of monitoring set up previously and has
FOSS4G Seoul, South Korea | September 14 th – 19 th , 2015
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