Indian Medicinal Plants

Ziziphus xylopyra Willd. 737
and amphibine H. The leaves contain
ascorbic acid. Nummularine M, R
and S, besides frangufoline have been
isolated from the stem bark. Nummularine
R and S showed antibacterial
activity against Gram-negative
bacteria, while frangufoline was active
against both Gram-negative and
Gram-positive bacteria. The alkaloid
fraction, obtained from the bark,
showed significant analgesic activity.
Ziziphus oenoplia Mill.
Synonym ◮ Rhamnus oenoplia L.
Family ◮
Rhamnaceae.
Habitat ◮ North India and both the
Peninsulas.
English ◮ Jackal Jujube.
Ayurvedic ◮ Laghu-badara, Shrgaalabadari.
Siddha/Tamil ◮ Soorai.
Action ◮ Fruits—stomachic. Root—
given for hyperacidity and ascaris
infection.
Stem bark and root bark contain cyclopeptide
alkaloids—zizyphines A, B,
C, D, E, F and G, and zizyphinine. The
bark contains 12% tannin.
Aerial parts exhibit diuretic and hypotensive
activity.
Ziziphus rugosa Lam.
Family ◮
Rhamnaceae.
Habitat ◮ Sub-Himalayan tract from
Kumaon eastwards, Bihar, Assam,
in Central and South India.
Siddha/Tamil ◮ Charai Kattu Ilandai,
Kottaimaram, Todari.
Folk ◮ Churnaa, Sekaraa (Bihar);
Torana (Gujarat).
Action ◮ Bark—astringent, antidiarrhoeal.
Flowers—used in
prescriptions for menorrhagia.
Stem and fruit—hypotensive.
The bark contains vanillic acid, betulin,
betulinic acid, kaempferol, quercetin,
myricetin, apigenin and apigenin-7-O-glucoside.
The bark also contains
several N-formyl cyclopeptide alkaloids.
The triterpene saponins isolated
from the bark showed CNS depressant,
tranquilizing and analgesic activity in
albino rats and produced no hepatotoxicity.
The cyclopeptide alkaloids of
the plant show antibacterial as well as
antifungal activity.
Ziziphus trinervia Roxb.
Synonym ◮ Z. glabrata Heyne ex
Roth.
Family ◮ Rhamnaceae.
Habitat ◮ Gujarat, Western Ghats
of Tamil Nadu and Kerala at low
elevations.
English ◮ Jagged Jujube.
Siddha/Tamil ◮ Karakattam.
Action ◮ Leaf—depurative; employed
to purify blood and as an alterative
in chronic venereal affections.
Ziziphus xylopyra Willd.
Family ◮
Rhamnaceae.
Z