TRACE Tree Rings Archaeology Climatology Ecology

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Figure 2: Root ball of a 150 year-old beech (A) before and (B) after removing the soil. The root system was cut off (C) to analyze distribution and biomass (D & E) in the lab. top view lateral view D01 ... 1,2m C01 C02 C03 C04 C05 C06 B01 B02 B03 B04 C07 B12 A01 A02 B05 ... B11 A04 A03 B06 B10 B09 B08 B07 0 1,2m a b c d e f g h 2,4m 0 A02 B05 C08 D11 E14 F17 G20 H23 ..... 2,4m 0 1,2 2,4m Figure 3: Schematic view of the 3-dimensional grid that is used to document the distribution of the root system in the soil. 15
Correlations for all trees (no site differentiation) were calculated for the diameter D, the radius R (? D/2, compare figure 1) and the depth of the root balls in relation to two values of dbh. These were measured perpendicular to each other (dbh1 and dbh2), due to unevenly shaped stems. First results and future work First analysis of root-ball data in relation to dbh showed highest correlations between dbh and root-ball diameter for all trees of all sites. This is valid for both species, although European Beech showed similar correlations between root-ball radius and dbh (table 1). These differences might be caused by the different shape of the root systems of the two species. Table 1: Correlation coefficients between different values of dbh and the respective root-ball parameters of Norway spruce and European Beech (no site differentiation). Shaded cells: significance level p < 1% (compare significance levels to the right of the table); bold: highest values; dbh1 and dbh2 are two values of diameter at breast height measured perpendicular to each other for each stem; dbh represents the average of dbh1 and dbh2 SPRUCE Th RbD Rbd RbR dbh1 dbh2 dbh Th 1.00 RbD 0.12 1.00 Rbd 0.42 0.02 1.00 RbR 0.12 0.46 0.09 1.00 n=124 dbh1 0.52 0.46 0.30 0.38 1.00 r*95=0.17 dbh2 0.52 0.44 0.30 0.34 0.95 1.00 r*99=0.23 dbh 0.53 0.46 0.30 0.36 0.99 0.99 1.00 r*99.9=0.3 BEECH Th RbD Rbd RbR dbh1 dbh2 dbh Th 1.00 RbD 0.24 1.00 Rbd 0.14 0.14 1.00 RbR 0.16 0.61 0.15 1.00 n=120 dbh1 0.32 0.61 0.34 0.65 1.00 r*95=0.17 dbh2 0.33 0.58 0.32 0.63 0.95 1.00 r*99=0.23 dbh 0.33 0.60 0.33 0.65 0.99 0.99 1.00 r*99.9=0.3 Th: height of tree; RbD: root-ball diameter; Rbd: root-ball depth; RbR: root-ball radius; dbh: diameter at breast height Correlations are in some cases stronger if they are calculated for single sites, but contrary to the analysis of all sites they are highly variable. The correlation values vary between the different parameters RbD, Rbd and RbR. Furthermore the correlation values are even negative at some sites, which is a strong contrast to the analysis of the values of all sites (table 2). 16
Page 1 and 2: Forschungszentrum Jülich in der He
Page 3 and 4: Schriften des Forschungszentrums J
Page 5 and 6: Bibliographic information published
Page 8 and 9: CONTENTS SECTION 1 ECOLOGY A. Bräu
Page 10: T. Vernimmen and U. Sass-Klaassen:
Page 13 and 14: Tree-ring studies in the Dolpo-Hima
Page 15 and 16: Rara MLD (Abies) Rara RW (Abies) Ts
Page 17 and 18: Cook, E.R., Krusic, P.J. & P.D. Jon
Page 19: Material and methods In the first p
Page 23 and 24: Acknowledgements The authors wish t
Page 25 and 26: Results and interpretation Species
Page 27 and 28: Figure 3: Multitemporal maps of est
Page 30 and 31: SECTION 2 GEOMORPHOLOGY
Page 32 and 33: Zurich Geneva Study site Zermatt Fi
Page 34 and 35: lot of debris-flow events can be se
Page 36 and 37: Changes in growth rates and wood an
Page 38 and 39: Growth reductions and eccentricity
Page 40 and 41: 40% of all trees in the landslide a
Page 42 and 43: Figure 1: Location of study areas H
Page 44 and 45: Ai− rBi Eccentricity for year i i
Page 46 and 47: The event frequency per year for th
Page 48: Shroder, J.F. (1980): Dendrogeomorp
Page 51 and 52: Temporal and spatial variability of
Page 53 and 54: 120 100 80 (Dlink/Dmax)*100 60 Uppe
Page 55 and 56: Figure 6: Results of stepwise clust
Page 57 and 58: Figure 8: Forest types and forest d
Page 59 and 60: The first principal component of a
Page 61 and 62: Figure 2: Correlations of the 1 st
Page 63 and 64: NAO and Tree Rings - A dendroclimat
Page 65 and 66: 5°E 10°E 15°E 50°N 45°N Figure
Page 67 and 68: The smaller bars show the number of
Page 69 and 70: a b c d Significant correlating are
Page 71 and 72:
Neuwirth, B., Esper, J., Schweingru
Page 73 and 74:
Unterspreewald,Brandenburg,Germany
Page 75 and 76:
Unterspreewald, Brandenburg, German
Page 77 and 78:
Leuschner, H.H., Delorme A. & H.-C.
Page 79 and 80:
Figure 1: Location of the monitorin
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 3: Examples of the distribut
Page 83 and 84:
On the potential of cedar forests i
Page 85 and 86:
At every site, two cores per tree w
Page 87 and 88:
Maximum replications are reached in
Page 89 and 90:
Schweingruber, F.H., Eckstein, D.,
Page 91 and 92:
developed that can be used to study
Page 93 and 94:
4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 normalized Schmidha
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This value is based on the fact tha
Page 97 and 98:
Stokes, M.A. & T.L. Smiley (1968):
Page 99 and 100:
The use of stable isotope dendrochr
Page 101 and 102:
3.0 2.5 Z74 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 3.0
Page 103 and 104:
Conclusions The combined stable car
Page 105 and 106:
The climatic signal in oxygen isoto
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Results Figure 2 shows the raw ring
Page 109 and 110:
Secondly, the records are short and
Page 111 and 112:
Jouzel, J., Hoffmann, G., Koster, R
Page 113 and 114:
Although the difference between min
Page 116 and 117:
SECTION 5 PALAEO-ENVIRONMENTS
Page 118 and 119:
Results and discussion Of 59 oaks a
Page 120:
Acknowledgements This research was
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Great efforts on small woods Analys
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Some 250 of them - mainly beeches (
Page 127 and 128:
References Billamboz ,A. (1990): Da
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coefficient can be expected from in
Page 131 and 132:
country region covered by theCATRAS
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Figure 2: Map of the Netherlands an
Page 135 and 136:
Jansma, E., Sass-Klaassen, U., de V
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The aim of the current study is to
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Figure 1: Map of archaeological sit
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0.8 correlation coefficient (r) 0.4
Page 143 and 144:
Acknowledgements We would like to e
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Figure 2: 17th century forgery (Mus
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1400 1450 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700
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Table 2 - Average annual-growth ind
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Conclusion The data set we studied
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Figure 1: Collapsed foundation (Pho
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A list of the archaeological sites
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personal communication) believe tha
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Table 4: Success rates of the dendr
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wood with no strong common tree-rin
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Jansma, E. (1996): An 1100-Year Tre
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Malacochronology, the application o
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Fladen Grounds 100 m Norway 30 m UK
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higher with the chronology of growt
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0 140 200 growth index 120 100 80 6
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an underlying mechanism but demonst
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Witbaard, R., Jenness, M.I., Van de
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TRACE 2003 Utrecht (NL) 1 st -3 rd
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TRACE 2003 Utrecht (NL) 1 st -3 rd
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Schriften des Forschungszentrums J
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Page 185 and 186:
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Forschungszentrum Jülich in der He
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