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Page<br />

Lesson 17<br />

Lesson 18<br />

Lesson 19<br />

Lesson 20<br />

I’m not afraid of it ...............................5<br />

A friendly and playful dog ......................11<br />

I’m proud of myself! .............................17<br />

Two of a kind ........................................23<br />

Lesson 21<br />

Lesson 22<br />

Cold comfort ........................................29<br />

I had no idea ......................................35<br />

Lesson 23<br />

Madame Tussaud’smuseum ....................43<br />

Lesson 24<br />

Emergencies .........................................49<br />

Lesson 25<br />

If you are in love, you´ll lose your head ..55<br />

Lesson 26<br />

Electoral promises .................................61<br />

Lesson 27<br />

A sick planet .........................................67<br />

Lesson 28 Someone who always cheers me up ........73<br />

Titles book 2B


Page<br />

Lesson 17<br />

Lesson 18<br />

Lesson 19<br />

Lesson 20<br />

I’m not afraid of it ................................81<br />

A friendly and playful dog .......................85<br />

I’m proud of myself! ..............................89<br />

Two ofakind ........................................93<br />

Lesson 21<br />

Lesson 22<br />

Lesson 23<br />

Lesson 24<br />

Lesson 25<br />

Lesson 26<br />

Lesson 27<br />

Lesson 28<br />

Cold comfort .........................................97<br />

I had no idea .......................................101<br />

Madame Tussaud’smuseum ....................105<br />

Emergencies..........................................109<br />

If you’re in love, you lose your head .......113<br />

Electoral promises .................................117<br />

A sick planet ..........................................121<br />

Someone who cheers me up ...................125<br />

workbook 2B<br />

Titles


CONTENTS BOOK 2B<br />

Lesson Grammar Vocabulary Reading<br />

Page<br />

LESSON 17:<br />

I’M NOT AFRAID<br />

OF IT<br />

Adjective endings<br />

Be + adjective +<br />

preposition<br />

Emotions<br />

I’m not afraid<br />

of it<br />

5<br />

LESSON 18:<br />

A FRIENDLY<br />

AND PLAYFUL<br />

DOG<br />

Possessive adjectives<br />

Adjectives word order<br />

Demonstrative<br />

pronouns: one/ones<br />

Materials<br />

A friendly and<br />

playful dog<br />

11<br />

LESSON 19:<br />

I’M PROUD OF<br />

MYSELF!<br />

Reflexive pronouns<br />

Pronouns and<br />

possessive adjectives<br />

Feelings<br />

I’m proud of<br />

myself!<br />

17<br />

LESSON 20:<br />

TWO OF AKIND<br />

Agreements:<br />

Additions (so / too)<br />

Agreements:<br />

Additions (neither /<br />

nor /either)<br />

Places for<br />

entertainment<br />

Two ofakind<br />

23<br />

LESSON 21:<br />

COLD COMFORT<br />

Defining relative Facilities<br />

Cold comfort<br />

clauses<br />

Causative 29<br />

LESSON 22:<br />

I HAD NO IDEA<br />

Non-defininrelative<br />

clauses<br />

Subject relative<br />

pronouns<br />

Describing<br />

I had no idea<br />

personality 35


CONTENTS BOOK 2B<br />

Lesson Grammar Vocabulary Reading<br />

Page<br />

LESSON 23:<br />

MADAME<br />

TUSSAUD’S<br />

MUSEUM<br />

Auxiliary verbs<br />

Tag questions<br />

Celebrities<br />

Madame<br />

Tussaud’s<br />

museum<br />

41<br />

LESSON 24:<br />

EMERGENCIES<br />

Zero conditional<br />

Phrasal verbs<br />

Emergencies<br />

47<br />

LESSON 25:<br />

IF YOU’RE IN<br />

LOVE, YOU LOSE<br />

YOUR HEAD!<br />

Future tenses<br />

(Review)<br />

First conditional:<br />

if + present verb,<br />

future verb<br />

Superstitions<br />

If you’re in<br />

love you´ll lose<br />

your head!<br />

53<br />

LESSON 26:<br />

ELECTORAL<br />

PROMISES<br />

Unless /Wish<br />

Common wishes<br />

Electoral<br />

promises<br />

59<br />

LESSON 27:<br />

A SICK PLANET<br />

Adverbs of quantity<br />

Comparison of<br />

adverbs<br />

World problems<br />

A sick planet<br />

65<br />

LESSON 28:<br />

SOMEONES WHO<br />

CHEERS ME UP<br />

Phrasal verbs:<br />

Transitives<br />

Phrasal verbs:<br />

Intransitives and<br />

Three-word verbs<br />

More phrasal verbs<br />

Someone who<br />

cheers me up<br />

71


I'm not afraid of it<br />

LESSON<br />

17<br />

1<br />

BEFORE<br />

YOU STA RT<br />

A. Pair work. Discuss those questions with your partner.<br />

1. Does work or study sometimes cause you stress?<br />

2. How does stress affect you?<br />

B. Read the following article.<br />

Are you stressed?<br />

Psychologists and doctors have begun to study the problem of stress more closely. Three<br />

quarters of the office workers today say they suffer from stress at work.<br />

Specialists have discovered that the most stressful professions are those that involve<br />

danger and extreme pressure. Also the ones that carry a lot of responsability.<br />

The signs of stress range from nervousness, anger, and frequent illness to forgetfulness.<br />

Some warning signs of stress are intestinal distress, frequent illness, persistent<br />

fatigue, nail biting, hunger of sweets and lack of concentration.<br />

The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation but sometimes the only answer is<br />

to fight back or walk away.<br />

E<br />

G<br />

G<br />

- range - forgetfulness<br />

- anger - distress<br />

A. Answer the following questions.<br />

1. What are some jobs that often produce stress?<br />

2. Do you show any of the warning signs when you are stressed?<br />

3. How else do people react to stress?<br />

4. Which are some ways to deal with stress?<br />

5


LESSON<br />

17<br />

Adjective endings<br />

To explain how someone feels *<br />

I'm bored<br />

The students were confused<br />

To describe an activity *<br />

I think basketball is boring<br />

The explanation was confusing<br />

*See Appendix – Spelling rules<br />

A. Choose the correct adjectives.<br />

1. I hate this song – it's so bored / boring.<br />

2. Mrs. Torres' class was quite interested / interesting.<br />

3. When the police officers arrived Iwas really surprised / surprising.<br />

4. Your project is excellent. The teacher is fascinated /fascinating.<br />

5. In London, there are many streets with the same name and it's very confused /<br />

confusing.<br />

6. It's been aterrible week for Sandro. He was really disappointed / disappointing.<br />

A visit to a museum<br />

A. Alvaro and Gabriel are talking about their visit to amuseum.<br />

Practice with a partner.<br />

Alvaro :<br />

Gabriel:<br />

Alvaro :<br />

Gabriel:<br />

Alvaro :<br />

Gabriel :<br />

Alvaro :<br />

Gabriel :<br />

Silvia :<br />

Hey Gab. How did you spend your<br />

birthday? Did you go to the museum with the<br />

class?<br />

Yeah. It was really interesting.<br />

Oh, really? The museum never sounds like fun.<br />

No, Imean it! We were specially interested in<br />

the Jurassic area.There were amazing dinosaurs.<br />

Did anybody remember your birthday?<br />

Of course! They surprised me. All the students,<br />

including the teacher, were singing “happy<br />

birthday”.<br />

I'm glad to hear that.<br />

So, it's a deal! We're going to the movies.<br />

All right! But it's my treat this time.<br />

6


LESSON<br />

17<br />

A. Look at this scene of a crowded restaurant. Choose one situation and role play a<br />

conversation with your classmates. Use some of the adjectives below.<br />

- embarrasing/embarrased - interesting/interested - surprised/surprising<br />

desufnoc/gnisufnoc-<br />

- tiring/tired<br />

gnirob/derob-<br />

1<br />

5<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

Situation 1:<br />

A: Well, you're a great friend for us…<br />

B: Yes, we want to give you something you really wanted.<br />

C: Wow! A Joaquin Sabina's concert! I'm very surprised.<br />

This is the most surprising night in my life.<br />

A: Well, that's not all...<br />

7


LESSON<br />

17<br />

good at ; afraid of ; interested in<br />

Be + adjective + preposition<br />

be + adjective +preposition + activity-ing<br />

I'm good at solving math exercises.<br />

He's afraid of failing an exam.<br />

They're interested in learning music.<br />

be +adjective +preposition + noun<br />

I'm good at math.<br />

He's afraid of exams.<br />

They're interested in music.<br />

A. Write sentences using the words given.<br />

1. She /good at / swimming<br />

______________________________________________________________<br />

2. He / interested in / new languages<br />

______________________________________________________________<br />

3. They /good at / history<br />

______________________________________________________________<br />

4. I / afraid of / darkness<br />

______________________________________________________________<br />

5. We / interested in / working together<br />

______________________________________________________________<br />

B. Complete the sentences with your own information.<br />

1. I'm good at ..............................................................................<br />

2. I'm afraid of .............................................................................<br />

3. I'm interested in .......................................................................<br />

Emotions<br />

A. What emotions is this person communicating with her facial expressions?<br />

Match each picture with the emotion pictures.<br />

She looks ...<br />

a. amazed<br />

b. irritated<br />

c. disgusted<br />

d. ashamed<br />

e. confused<br />

f. excited<br />

g. horrified<br />

h. interested<br />

8


LESSON<br />

17<br />

B. Pairwork. Take turns acting out the emotions in part A. Your partner tries to guess<br />

what you're trying to communicate. Use some of these ideas if you want:<br />

Use –ing form<br />

“That's embarrasing”<br />

7<br />

Disagreement with feelings<br />

- I'm not really good at math<br />

Oh, I am!<br />

- I'm interested in reading<br />

Gee, I'm not!<br />

- We're interested in western movies<br />

Really? I can't stand them!<br />

- I'm very ashamed!!<br />

Oh, I don't mind.<br />

Disagreement with feelings<br />

9


LESSON<br />

17<br />

1. Look at these sentences. Write ( C)<br />

when the sentence is correct or (IC)<br />

when it is not correct. Rewrite the<br />

incorrect ones.<br />

a. She's very interesting in the lesson ( )<br />

__________________________<br />

b.The lessons are always bored for students ( )<br />

__________________________<br />

c.Mom is often boring at her job. ( )<br />

__________________________<br />

d.My family makes amazing vacation plans. ( )<br />

__________________________<br />

2. Complete these sentences with your<br />

own information. Use (not) afraid of ,<br />

(not) interested in , ( not) good at .<br />

3. Fill in the sentences with adjectives<br />

from the box.<br />

- amazed<br />

- ashamed<br />

- irritated<br />

- horrified<br />

- confused<br />

- excited<br />

a. Someone phones you at 3:00 a.m. You<br />

are _____. You want to sleep!<br />

b. My mom heard a strange noise last<br />

night. She was really________.<br />

c. I arrived late home yesterday Dad<br />

was very ________.<br />

d. My sister got 20 on her final exam. She's<br />

________ about it.<br />

e. The boy I like was looking at me. I was<br />

_________.<br />

f. The streets names' in my city are<br />

numbers. I was ________ when I was<br />

walking.<br />

4. Write the name of the subject, book or TV<br />

program that you think is :<br />

a. amazing _____________<br />

b. boring ______________<br />

c. confusing ______________<br />

d. disgusting ______________<br />

a. I ___________ ghosts and witches.<br />

b. My parents ______________ listening to<br />

me .<br />

c. My classmates and I ___________<br />

keeping silence.<br />

d. I think I _______________ English.<br />

e. My best friend ___________ fashion or<br />

Look at the differences.<br />

verb<br />

adj.<br />

I'm not boring her. That class is boring.<br />

Your dad amazed<br />

me with his show.<br />

We were amazed!<br />

sports things.<br />

f. I think I ________ exams.<br />

It annoys me to<br />

see him.<br />

He was annoyed<br />

with my attitude.<br />

10


1<br />

A<br />

friendly and playful dog<br />

BEFORE<br />

YOU STA RT<br />

LESSON<br />

18<br />

A. Many people think pitbulls are aggressive dogs. What about you? Read the true story<br />

about the fearful American Pitbull Terrier.<br />

Originating during the 19<br />

century, the American<br />

Pitbull Terrier was noted for having the gameness*<br />

ofaTerrier and the athletic abilities and strength of<br />

a Bulldog. Their versatile talents made them a<br />

favorite of farmers and ranchers. They were used<br />

as protection, livestock driving, and family<br />

companions.<br />

th<br />

This powerful, medium, muscular, multicolored<br />

dog is frequently referred to as great warrior.<br />

* gameness = playfulness<br />

This breed exhibits strength, courage, agility and<br />

grace. Despite that is considered to be a dangerous dog for people, it is a friendly, extremely loyal,<br />

deeply devoted, affectionate, intelligent, and good-natured dog. They will get along with other<br />

dogs they have been raised with and with older children.<br />

If you get a pitbull, you'll have to give an intensive and an early socialization and an obedience<br />

training. Your dog will require alot of exercise to keep them happy such as leashed walks, hiking<br />

and mountain-biking. Your dog will needalot of attention and stimulation, too.<br />

B. Find out the following words or phrases in the text. (#) =paragraph number.<br />

1. A person who works and lives on a farm (n) _____________________________________ (1)<br />

2. A group of animals kept on afarm (n) _________________________________________ (1)<br />

3. A kind or class of animal developed under the influence of a man (n) __________________ (2)<br />

4. To have afriendly relationship (v) ______________________________________________ (2)<br />

5. Taking your dog for awalk using a collar (n)______________________________________ (3)<br />

C. Read the text again and underline all the adjectives in the reading. Tell them to the class.<br />

11


LESSON<br />

18<br />

B. Write true (T) or false (F) about the reading.<br />

.sremrafrofsgodetirovaferewsllubtiP.1<br />

)(<br />

2. People say the American Pitbull Terrier is a dangerous breed. ( )<br />

3. They don't get along with other dogs and older children. ( )<br />

4. They don't like leashed walks and don't need early socialization. ( )<br />

Possessive adjectives<br />

Possessive adjective indicate possession.<br />

Subject Possessive adjective<br />

I<br />

my<br />

You<br />

your<br />

He<br />

his<br />

She drove her car.<br />

We<br />

You<br />

yehT<br />

our<br />

your<br />

their<br />

- Their<br />

- The possessive adjective its<br />

animals or things.<br />

The dog broke its toys.<br />

is used for<br />

.sgnihtroslamin<br />

A. Fill in the blanks. Put the correct possessive adjective in each sentence.<br />

1. Lucia has lost _____________ keys in the restaurant this week.<br />

2. Guillermo is Camila's father. She is __________ daughter.<br />

3. Janet and you write to __________ relatives in Madrid every month.<br />

4. We are waiting for __________ flight to Portugal.<br />

5. Rocio lives with ___________ parents in Brazil.<br />

6. My name is Facundo and this is __________ little sister Natalia.<br />

7. All the students are going to take ___________ exams in two weeks.<br />

8. Wow! That song is beautiful! Please, tell me ___________ name.<br />

9. Patty and I have already bought _____________ tickets for the concert.<br />

10. Please, don't put _______________ briefcase on the coffee table.<br />

12


LESSON<br />

18<br />

Adjectives word order (OSASHCOMP)<br />

Adjectives describe a noun and are used before a noun. They have the same form for singular and plural.<br />

They are separated with a comma when there are two or more in front of a noun and they are placed in the<br />

following order.<br />

OPINION SIZE AGE SHAPE (TEMPERATURE) COLOR ORIGIN MATERIAL PURPOSE NOUN<br />

, l lamsa ,dnuor<br />

,knip nialecrop ,esenihC<br />

.xob<br />

,dlona<br />

,gnuoy ,trohs,yrgnana<br />

,kcalb<br />

hsilgnE<br />

.llab ,rehtael recos<br />

.naira<br />

a lovely, large, new, square, warm, blue, American, swimming pool.<br />

* When they are the same category, you link them with ' and .'<br />

A. Put these adjectives in their usual order before the noun.<br />

Use commas.<br />

1. ugly / plastic / new / yellow / bag / an<br />

__________________________________________________________________________<br />

2. cotton / a / pink / dress / white / long<br />

__________________________________________________________________________<br />

3. village / old / beautiful / small / a / Peruvian<br />

__________________________________________________________________________<br />

na,elpoeprofdesusi<br />

4. wonderful / winding / a / road / country / long<br />

__________________________________________________________________________<br />

3<br />

I prefer the red one<br />

A. Mia and Silvia are going shopping. Practice with a partner.<br />

Silvia:<br />

Mia:<br />

Silvia:<br />

Mia:<br />

Silvia:<br />

Mia:<br />

Come on Mia! It's late!<br />

I know but these dresses are beautiful! Help<br />

me! Which one do you prefer?<br />

Ummm. I prefer the red one. It's nicer.<br />

Yeah, you're right! I'll get it. Now, choose!<br />

Which shoes? The red ones or the white ones?<br />

Ummm. The white ones. You can wear them<br />

with your white leather purse and your new red dress.<br />

Oh, my little cousin, you are the best!<br />

13


LESSON<br />

18<br />

Describing what you love<br />

A. Think about your parents, your pet, your best friend and your favorite thing. Describe them.<br />

Use minimum four adjectives for each one. Take turns with your partners in group of three.<br />

Then tell the class.<br />

Demonstrative pronouns: one / ones<br />

- Use one to replace a singular noun.<br />

This blue serd is beautiful but I prefer the red eno . (= a dress)<br />

That's my brother, the one with the green t-shirt. (= the person)<br />

- Use ones to replace a plural noun.<br />

apples<br />

ones derehtevolI.<br />

. nergekilt'nodI )selppa<br />

files ones<br />

.elbatehtno esohtera yM<br />

)selifeht=<br />

- Ask questions with Which one…? / Which ones…?<br />

There are three girls in the contest. Which one is your girlfriend?<br />

Well, they are all your favorite band's albums. Which ones would you like?<br />

A. Complete the following conversations using one / ones.<br />

1. A: Hey! What's going on? Nice place. I've never seen a fantastic café like this _________.<br />

B: Thanks, pal. Would you like something?<br />

2. A: Is there any coffee in the cupboard?<br />

B: Ha,ha. Yes, there is. Would you like ____________?<br />

3. A: Do you have any sandwiches?<br />

B: Only ham and cheese. We have big ____________ and small ____________.<br />

A: I'm very hungry so give me a big ____________, please.<br />

4. A: Tell me, do we have any homework? Yesterday we had to write three exercises.<br />

Two literature _____________ and an English _____________.<br />

B: No, we don't. But, we have to read our report. Well, my friend, see you on Monday.<br />

14


LESSON<br />

18<br />

Materials<br />

A. Match the pictures with the correct phrase from the box below them.<br />

aeht=(<br />

t=(<br />

- a silver bracelet - a cotton t-shirt - denim pants - a rubber duck<br />

- a wool sweater - leather gloves - plastic bag - a silk dress<br />

B. Describe objects around your classroom using the material above.<br />

plastic bottles … Now your turn.<br />

7<br />

Disagreeing<br />

Do you think so? I think…<br />

I don't agree.<br />

It's different in my country.<br />

I don't think so.<br />

Not really.<br />

15


LESSON<br />

18<br />

1. Correct the mistake in these sentences.<br />

Rewrite them correctly.<br />

a. Is this you radio?<br />

___________________________________<br />

b. I like this small, yellow, square watch.<br />

___________________________________<br />

c. I have three shirts: two black one and a red<br />

one<br />

___________________________________<br />

d. That is him teacher, the tallest one.<br />

___________________________________<br />

2. Choose the best alternative, 1 or 2, to<br />

complete the sentences.<br />

a. Has Susan done __________ homework<br />

yet?<br />

1. her 2. his<br />

b. Those __________ are my books.<br />

1. ones 2. one<br />

c. Have you seen these photos? This________<br />

is excellent.<br />

1. ones 2. one<br />

d. This big, __________, round clock is mine.<br />

1. Spanish 2. old<br />

3. Complete each sentence with a suitable<br />

word.<br />

a. Tonight, I have awedding. I'm going to wear<br />

a red silk<br />

___________.<br />

b. Brrrr! It's so cold! I need a ____________<br />

sweater.<br />

c. I love jewels! And this gold ____________<br />

looks wonderful on my wrist.<br />

d. I bought new leather ____________. The old<br />

ones were smaller. I couldn't walk well.<br />

4. Complete the second sentence so that it<br />

has a similar meaning to the first<br />

sentence and contains the word in bold.<br />

a. I want to buy those denim pants.<br />

jeans<br />

______________________________________<br />

b. The Earth is like aball, not flat.<br />

round<br />

______________________________________<br />

c. She is a beautiful and smart old lady.<br />

elderly<br />

______________________________________<br />

d. I've bought some biscuits. Would you like a<br />

chocolate biscuit?<br />

one<br />

______________________________________<br />

* Remember its andit's<br />

have different<br />

meanings.<br />

stI = of it My dog broke sti collar.<br />

It's = it is It's my cellular phone.<br />

it has It's been here for many<br />

years.<br />

16


I'm proud of myself!<br />

LESSON<br />

19<br />

1<br />

BEFORE<br />

YOU STA RT<br />

A. Read the following article.<br />

A brave little girl<br />

It was a hot March evening, a three-year old girl ,<br />

Stephi Miller was at home with her mother,<br />

Deborah.<br />

They were watching a movie channel when<br />

suddenly Deborah fell down the floor. She was<br />

unconscious.<br />

Stephi was too short to open any door, but she<br />

controlled herself. Luckily her favorite toy was a<br />

plastic phone. Her mom had taught her how to call<br />

the emergency number.<br />

Stephi went to her mom's bed and took her<br />

cellphone.<br />

She told the emergency service, “My<br />

mom is sick, She's lying on the<br />

floor”.<br />

The operator said “Cover your mom,<br />

keep her warm”.<br />

After thirty minutes an ambulance<br />

arrived. They broke awindow to enter<br />

the house.<br />

When Deborah woke up, they told her<br />

about Stephi.<br />

“At first I couldn't believe my baby did<br />

it herself because she's so young”.<br />

“I realized that my daughter is a very<br />

confident , young and amazing girl”.<br />

B. Answer the questions:<br />

1. How old was Stephi at that time? ______________________________________________<br />

2. What was the emergency? ___________________________________________________<br />

3. What did Stephi do? _________________________________________________________<br />

4. How did her mother feel when she knew what had happened? _______________________<br />

17


LESSON<br />

19<br />

We use reflexive pronouns when and<br />

Reflexive pronouns<br />

Reflexive pronoun<br />

I<br />

You*<br />

_____<br />

_____<br />

_____<br />

_____<br />

_____<br />

myself<br />

yourself<br />

himself<br />

herself<br />

itself<br />

ourselves<br />

themselves<br />

the subject the object<br />

of a sentence are the same.<br />

- I cut myself using the scissors this morning.<br />

- She controlled herself.<br />

- We laughed at ourselves today. We were so silly.<br />

* You can be singular or plural<br />

you yourself (sing.)<br />

you yourselves(plu.)<br />

We can also use reflexive pronouns to emphasise.<br />

- My Stephi did it herself. (She didn't need any help)<br />

- You can do it yourself. ( I'm not going to help you)<br />

A. Complete these sentences with the correct reflexive pronoun.<br />

1. I looked at ___________ in the mirror everyday.<br />

2. Stephi called the emergency number by ____________ . There was nobody else.<br />

3. They fell and hurt ____________________.<br />

4. You were on the TV news at night . Did you see __________?<br />

5. Alvaro and I saved that boy . We did it _______________!<br />

6. My cat doesn't like showers. It cleans _______________.<br />

B. Rewrite these sentences to make them true for you.<br />

1. I'm really serious. I never laugh at myself.<br />

e.g. I'm not serious. I sometimes laugh at myself.<br />

__________________________________________________<br />

2. I'm very outgoing . I always introduce myself to new people.<br />

__________________________________________________<br />

3. My classmates and I are very obedient. We're proud of ourselves.<br />

__________________________________________________<br />

4. I like to study by myself. I don't like studying in groups.<br />

__________________________________________________<br />

18


LESSON<br />

19<br />

Alvaro's accident<br />

A. Gabriel is talking to his tutor about Alvaro's accident. Practice with a partner.<br />

Tutor :<br />

Gabriel :<br />

Tutor :<br />

Gabriel:<br />

Tutor :<br />

Gabriel:<br />

Tutor :<br />

Are you proud of yourself, Gabriel?<br />

Not really. I'm a bit ashamed of myself.<br />

Alvaro and I got ourselves into a real trouble and now,<br />

he's hurt.<br />

Yes, but you got yourselves out of trouble, too. That<br />

boy was in danger, and you helped him a lot!<br />

I know. Alvaro and I worked together. Alvaro was<br />

really brave.<br />

Yes, he was. That little boy was alone at home when<br />

the fire started. You both acted really bravely.<br />

Thanks. I feel sorry for Alvaro. He cut his hand when<br />

he broke that window. But it was the only way to get<br />

out of the house.<br />

Gabriel! Alvaro is going to be fine. And that little boy is<br />

alive. I'm sure Alvaro is happy with himself. It was<br />

heroical.<br />

Look at the questionnaire below. Tick ( ) the sentences that are true for<br />

you. Add one more question. Then ask and answer your partner.<br />

e.g.<br />

A: Do you iron your clothes, Cecilia?<br />

B: Well, yes I do it myself. / No, my dad irons my clothes./ I never iron my clothes.<br />

Do you...<br />

1. iron your clothes?<br />

2. buy your clothes?<br />

3. wash your clothes?<br />

4. buy presents for your friend´s birthdays?<br />

5. cook the dinner ?<br />

6. make breakfast?<br />

7. make sandwiches for school?<br />

8. clean your bedroom?<br />

9. search for school homework?<br />

10. ...................................................................... ?<br />

I do it<br />

myself<br />

It doesn't<br />

happen<br />

My dad/ my<br />

mom does it<br />

19


LESSON<br />

19<br />

Complete the table<br />

Pronouns and possessive adjectives<br />

.1 Subject pronouns:<br />

sentence.<br />

- Deborah fell to the floor.<br />

- She was unconsious.<br />

.2 Object pronouns :<br />

sentence.<br />

- Deborah taught Stephi to use the phone.<br />

- Deborah taught her to use the phone.<br />

anitcejbusehtecal<br />

Subject Object Possessive<br />

pronouns pronouns adjectives<br />

I<br />

me my<br />

anitcejboehtecal<br />

you*<br />

her<br />

him<br />

.3 Possessive adjectives:<br />

something or someone.<br />

- Deborah's daughter is Stephie.<br />

- Her daughter is Stephie.<br />

noun<br />

fonoissessopetacidniotesU it<br />

us<br />

them<br />

our<br />

* Note : you can be singular or plural.<br />

A. Replace the nouns in parentheses with the correct subject or object pronouns.<br />

e.g<br />

Mother :(My daughter) always listens to me. She always listens to me .<br />

1. (Dad) never fights with (mom). _____________________________________________<br />

2. (My sister and brother) love (Garfield). _______________________________________<br />

3. (My cousin ) likes (The Rolling Stones) a lot . __________________________________<br />

4. (My dad and I)love (mom and Jessi) ______________________________________<br />

5. (Jessi and mom ) love (my dad and I), too._____________________________________<br />

B. Complete the sentences with the correct possessive adjectives.<br />

20<br />

1. “My daughter is the best student in _______ class”.<br />

2. “Dinner is ready. Did you wash _____ hands? “.<br />

3. “ My children do ________ homework alone”.<br />

4. “ This is your dog, so put ___________ things in order “.<br />

5. “ That's my son.! _________ grades are amazing !”.<br />

6. “ We love _______ family . Family is unique “.<br />

7. “ Look! He's ______ son! I'm proud of him!”.


LESSON<br />

19<br />

Feelings<br />

lperotesU<br />

A. Complete the phrases about feelings with the words in the box. Then match the sentences.<br />

lperotesU<br />

proud sorry ashamed believe blame confidence<br />

e.g. I' m ashamed of myself. ( a ) a. I know it was bad.<br />

1. I'm ____ _ for myself. ( ) b. I think it's my fault.<br />

2. I'm ____ _ of myself. ( ) c. I know I did it great!<br />

3. I _______ in myself. ( ) d. I really believe in myself.<br />

4. I _____ in myself. ( ) e. I'm sure I can do it.<br />

5. I have __________ in myself. ( ) f. I feel so unlucky. I can't do anything.<br />

B. Pairwork. Ask about some of the feelings above.<br />

A: Rosa, have you ever been ashamed of yourself?<br />

B: Well, I remember I lost my mom's ring. I was very ashamed of myself!...<br />

7<br />

Some common expressions with reflexive pronouns<br />

Myself / yourself<br />

?plehdenuoyoD -<br />

ybtiodnacI.sknahtoN<br />

myself! (alone)<br />

- Dad, I need some pens. Do you have some? Sure. Help yourself. (take what you want)<br />

- I'm going to wait for Doctor Daves. No problem. Make yourself comfortable.<br />

- Bye-bye, Mom! I'm going to school. Bye, sweet heart. take care of yourself.<br />

21


LESSON<br />

19<br />

1. Choose the correct word.<br />

a. Look at myself/yourself in the mirror.<br />

b. My friend didn't have a teacher , so he<br />

taught himself/ themselves.<br />

c. I sometimes talk to yourself / myself.<br />

d. They didn't need any help. They did it<br />

ourselves / themselves.<br />

e. Mom is going out tonight. We have to<br />

cook for myself / ourselves.<br />

2. Fill in with the correct possessive<br />

adjective.<br />

a. Carlos broke _______ leg last winter.<br />

b. Anita lives with _______ father in Brazil.<br />

c. I'm going to sell _________ CD player.<br />

d. The bank has changed _______ name.<br />

e. Martha and her brother love ______<br />

school.<br />

f. John, Alonso and I failed______ exams.<br />

d. “Where is Sparkie? Have you seen ___?”.<br />

e. “Bye, bye mom” “Bye, call ___ home”<br />

f. Our tutor gave _____a 20 on punctuality”<br />

We're really punctual.<br />

4. Circle the correct alternative for each<br />

sentence.<br />

a. Gabriel is worried about Alvaro's accident.<br />

He _________ himself.<br />

1. proud 2. believes 3. blames<br />

b. Julia : “ I can't do it, Ijust don't have<br />

______ in myself”.<br />

1. proud 2. confidence 3. believe<br />

c. The teacher caught Renzo and Ruth<br />

cheating on the exam. They were very<br />

_________ of themselves.<br />

1. proud 2. blame 3. ashamed<br />

d. Alvaro is in the hospital but he's<br />

_________of himself.<br />

1. proud 2. ashamed 3. sorry<br />

3. Complete the sentences with the<br />

correct object pronouns.<br />

- Use:<br />

It<br />

a. “I'm going to visit my grandma<br />

tomorrow” “Give ____ all my love”.<br />

b. Have you called your tutor yet? “ No, I<br />

haven't called ____ yet. Maybe he's<br />

busy”.<br />

c. “Here are your books” “Thanks, put<br />

___ on the desk”.<br />

It's<br />

my cat . Its name is “Lizzy”<br />

It is = It's<br />

Its = possessive adjective<br />

- Use it to ask about time, distance,<br />

dates and the weather.<br />

It's 5 o'clock.<br />

th<br />

It's January 16 today.<br />

It's cold in Lima today.<br />

22


Two of a kind<br />

LESSON<br />

20<br />

1<br />

BEFORE<br />

YOU STA RT<br />

A. Do you and your brother have the same personality? Read the following text about birth order.<br />

Patrick and Dave are pretty similar. Patrick is a<br />

perfectionist. So is Dave. Dave was an excellent<br />

president of his high school class. So was Patrick.<br />

Dave has been leader in most of his enterprises. So<br />

has Patrick. Patrick always tries to obey rules. Dave<br />

does, too. Dave has never liked 'liberal ideas'.<br />

Neither has Patrick.<br />

Patrick<br />

Did you think they are twins? No, my friends. They<br />

are both firstborns. Patrick and Dave are examples<br />

Dave<br />

of what researchers are calling the birth-order<br />

theory. According to this theory, firstborns are usually self-confident, conscientious, assertive and<br />

conservative. On the other hand, lastborns are usually more sociable, more open-minded and more<br />

agreeable. In other words, firstborns would be powerful politic figures and lastborns would be<br />

revolutionary leaders. However, not all is true because there were historical firstborns who became<br />

revolutionaries, as well laterborns who became conservatives.<br />

Do you agree with this theory? Which one are you?<br />

B. Find out the following words or phrases in the text. (#) = paragraph number.<br />

1. To a great degree, very, almost completely (adv) _____________________________(1)<br />

2. A company or business (n) ______________________________________________ (1)<br />

3. A person's first child (n) __________________________________________ (2)<br />

4. To be able to listen to, think about or accept different ideas (adj) _________________(2)<br />

C. Write true (T) or false (F) according to the reading.<br />

.sniwtsnrobtsrifhtoberaevaDdnakcirta.<br />

)(<br />

.evaDsahoS.saedisevitavresnocsahkcirtaP )(<br />

.2<br />

3. Dave isn't a sociable, open-minded person. Neither is Patrick. ( )<br />

23


LESSON<br />

20<br />

Agreements: Additions (so / too)<br />

» Use so, too to express agreement or similarity in positive statements with another speaker<br />

without repeating the information.<br />

Patrick is a perfectionist. So is Dave. (Patrick is a perfectionist. Dave is a perfectionist,<br />

too)<br />

verb<br />

noun<br />

additions are always used with a form of be or an auxiliar verb or a modal verb.<br />

Alex is going to the party tonight. oS is Glenda. or Glenda is . ot<br />

Cris and Danny are students. oS am I. or I am . ot<br />

Rodrigo was absent yesterday. oS were Jack and Liz. or Jack and Liz were t . o<br />

Jason likes x-treme sports. oS does Tony. or Tony does . ot<br />

Americans speak English. oS do Australians. or Australians do . ot<br />

I went to Paracas last year. oS did we. or We did . ot<br />

You've lived here for many years. oS has my mother. or My mother has . ot<br />

Tim will travel to Europe. oS will Alan. or Alan will . ot<br />

Manuel can cook very well. oS can Marina. or Marina can . ot<br />

I should stay at home. oS should you. or You should . ot<br />

* You can use '…too' instead of ' So …’<br />

A. Complete the following conversation. Mark and Alice are getting to know each other.<br />

They agree on everything.<br />

Mark:<br />

Alice:<br />

Mark:<br />

Alice:<br />

Mark:<br />

Alice:<br />

Mark:<br />

Alice:<br />

Mark:<br />

Alice:<br />

Mark:<br />

I'm amazed how similar we are.<br />

So _________. We like and dislike all the same things.<br />

That's right. I love healthy food.<br />

So _________. And I detest greasy food.<br />

I _________. I went to Brazil last year.<br />

So _________. I studied soccer in a Brazilian club.<br />

I _________. And I'm going to play in a soccer team here.<br />

So _________. But I have been training for five years.<br />

So _________. And now, you should go home. It's late.<br />

You _________. I'm so happy to have met you Mark.<br />

So _________, Alice. Let's go, I'll take you home.<br />

24


LESSON<br />

20<br />

* You can use short sentences (noun + auxiliar be / modal verb / form of be) to say<br />

one speaker´s opinion is not the same as another speaker´s. (disagreements)<br />

A: We were absent yesterday. B: She wasn't.<br />

A: Kurt doesn't like horror movies. B: I do.<br />

** Also, you can use the linker 'but' with a short sentence.<br />

We were absent yesterday but she wasn't.<br />

Kurt doesn't like horror movies but I do.<br />

B. Disagree the following sentences using the expressions in the box.<br />

e.g. my brother the red ones an airplane<br />

rehtorbreh<br />

godruo<br />

racym<br />

e.g. My cousin Frank studies hard.<br />

t’nseodrehtorbyM .<br />

1. My car doesn't use a lot of gasoline.____________________________________________<br />

2. A bus takes a long time to get to Chiclayo. _______________________________________<br />

3. Most dogs can swim, but _____________________________________________________<br />

4. 'Lara has passed all her exams.' 'Yes, but ________________________________________<br />

4. Green apples are very juicy. __________________________________________________<br />

I don't like video arcades<br />

A. Silvia, Brenda, Gabriel and Alvaro are deciding where they'd go. Listen and read. Practice with a<br />

partner.<br />

Brenda:<br />

Gabriel:<br />

Alvaro :<br />

Brenda:<br />

OK guys! Where would we go?<br />

Let's go to a video arcade. I love it!<br />

So do I. Let's go girls.<br />

No, please. I don't like video arcades.<br />

Silvia : Neither do I. They're boring.<br />

Brenda: Hey, why don't we go to the amusement<br />

park?<br />

Alvaro :<br />

Gabriel:<br />

Yeah! Good idea! I haven't been there yet.<br />

I want to go!<br />

Silvia : I do too.<br />

Brenda: So, let's go guys!<br />

25


LESSON<br />

20<br />

Somebody likes the same as me<br />

A. Write four sentences about what food, movie, music, sport you like in the chart. In groups of three<br />

complete the chart asking your partners about your sentences. Tell the class how similar you are.<br />

Things you like Name 1: Name 2:<br />

1. ____________________________________________ ________________ ______________<br />

2. ____________________________________________ ________________ ______________<br />

3. ____________________________________________ ________________ ______________<br />

4. ____________________________________________ ________________ ______________<br />

I love hamburgers. So does Luis but Carla doesn't<br />

Agreements: Additions (neither / nor / either)<br />

Use neither or nor, either to express agreement or similarity in negative statements with another<br />

speaker without repeating the information.<br />

Brenda doesn't like video arcades. Neither does Silvia. (Silvia doesn't like video arcades either)<br />

aux noun<br />

Additions are always used with a form of be or an auxiliary verb or a modal verb.<br />

. ytsr ihttonm' rehtieN<br />

.Ima tonm' I .rehtie Iro<br />

Tom isn't going to the movies. rehtieN<br />

are we. or We aren't .rehtie<br />

Jack and Ben weren't late. rehtieN<br />

were you. or You weren't .rehtie<br />

Lucia didn't see the video. rehtieN<br />

did Paul. or Paul didn't .rehtie<br />

She hasn't been in Madrid. rehtieN<br />

have I. or I haven't .rehtie<br />

I won't go to the museum. rehtieN<br />

will Carol. or Carol won't .rehtie<br />

Children mustn't swim here. rehtieN<br />

must adults. or Adults mustn't .rehtie<br />

Kurt can't participate tonight. rehtieN<br />

can Leslie or Jim. or Leslie or Jim can't .rehtie<br />

* You can use ' … either ' instead of Neither ' …’<br />

You can use 'nor' or'neither'<br />

Alvaro hasn't gone to the amusement park. Neither has Gabriel. = Nor has Gabriel.<br />

Carol shouldn't go to the party. Neither should I. = Nor<br />

should I.<br />

26


LESSON<br />

20<br />

A. Complete the sentences using 'neither / nor / either' with the nouns in parentheses.<br />

e.g. David didn't play very well, and (the others) _neither did the others or the others didn't either.<br />

1. The meal wasn't very good, and (the soup) ______________________________________<br />

2. Leonardo hasn't travelled yet, and (Mayra) ______________________________________<br />

3. This map doesn't show the correct route. (this one) __________________________________<br />

4. The soccer team can't play. (the volleyball team) ____________________________________<br />

5. Her parents won't help her, and (her friends) ________________________________________<br />

Places for entertainment<br />

A. Match the pictures with the correct phrases from the box.<br />

a dance performance an amusement park a water park an aquarium<br />

a carnival a play a video arcade a pool hall<br />

B. Talk with your partner about what your favorite places for entertainment are.<br />

e<br />

7<br />

Getting someone's attention<br />

.emesucxE !koL<br />

.yeH<br />

!esaelp,e<br />

27


LESSON<br />

20<br />

b. Joan is an _______________ person. He's<br />

1. Correct the mistake in these sentences.<br />

Rewrite them correctly.<br />

a. 'I'm not hungry.' 'So are I.'<br />

_____________________________________<br />

b. You don't have brothers. He doesn't too.<br />

_____________________________________<br />

always able to listen to new ideas.<br />

c. There is a ______________ in the theater<br />

this month.<br />

My sister is the director.<br />

c. Barbara wasn't born here. Neither I was.<br />

_____________________________________<br />

d. I didn't understand that exercise. Nor I did.<br />

_____________________________________<br />

2. Choose the best alternative, 1 or 2, to<br />

complete the sentences.<br />

a. Mr. Jacobs is honest but Mr. Jones __________.<br />

1. isn't either 2. isn't<br />

b. I got 16 in my quiz. My brother _________ too.<br />

1. did 2. does<br />

c. Mary hasn't written her report. ______ have I.<br />

1. Neither 2. So<br />

d. Terry won't take the exam. _________ will<br />

Sam.<br />

1. Nor 2. Either<br />

3. Complete each sentence with a suitable<br />

word.<br />

a. We are two brothers. My brother is the<br />

28<br />

second child. I'm a ________________.<br />

d. This new ___________________ has a<br />

fascinating roller coaster.<br />

4. Complete the second sentence so that<br />

it has a similar meaning to the first<br />

sentence and contains the word in bold.<br />

a. Ricardo doesn’t like tomatoes. Neither do I.<br />

Nor<br />

_____________________________________<br />

b. My mom was a well-known actress.My aunt<br />

was too.<br />

So<br />

_____________________________________<br />

c. Erick didn't do her homework. Nor did Lorena.<br />

either<br />

_____________________________________<br />

d. The soup was delicious. So was the dessert.<br />

too<br />

_____________________________________<br />

* Notice the word order after so and neither.<br />

* The verb comes before the subject.<br />

- So is Paulo.<br />

So Paulo is.<br />

- Neither did Melissa.<br />

Neither Melissa did.


Cold comfort<br />

LESSON<br />

21<br />

1<br />

BEFORE<br />

YOU STA RT<br />

Are you the kind of person that likes staying in unusual places? If the answer is “yes”, try the<br />

World's Coldest Hotel in Jukkasjärvi in the north of Sweden. But go in winter or all you will find is<br />

a pool of water, because the hotel melts every spring!<br />

Nils Yngue Bergqvist runs the Artic Hall Hotel. He is also the man whose idea was. He built his<br />

first igloo for an art exhibition in 1991 and designed the present hotel. The whole building and<br />

everything in it is made of snow, except for the wooden front door. There's a theater that Nils<br />

uses for shows, a jazz club, a radio station and a large ice bar. The rooms have no doors, there's<br />

no furniture, no heating and everyone sleeps on ice beds. If you want to stay in one of the ten<br />

ice rooms, it will cost you about $ 50 a night. You won't be very comfortable, but you will receive<br />

a survival certificate from the manager!<br />

When the winter is over, Nils organizes an annual contest to predict the day that the igloo will<br />

fall. The person that guessed the day correctly last year received a large painting from the Artic<br />

Hall exhibition.<br />

Nil's ice hotels are becoming world-famous and he loves his work. He's already excited about his<br />

next project , an ice hotel that will have more complicated architectural characteristics and, he<br />

says, will be bigger and better.<br />

A.<br />

A.Think about these questions and discuss with other classmates orally.<br />

1. Why is the hotel called the Artic Hall Hotel?<br />

2. Describe a typical room and an Art Hall Hotel room.<br />

3. How can Nils Bergqvist describe his occupation?<br />

4. Would you like to stay in the hotel? Why / why not?<br />

B. Answer these questions about the article.<br />

1. Which part of the hotel is not made of snow?<br />

_____________________________________________________________________<br />

2. What happens when winter ends?<br />

_____________________________________________________________________<br />

3. What does every guest receive?<br />

_____________________________________________________________________<br />

4. List all the unusual characteristics of the hotel.<br />

_____________________________________________________________________<br />

29


LESSON<br />

21<br />

Defining relative clauses<br />

Relative clauses<br />

What is a relative clause?<br />

We can use relative clauses to join two English sentences, or to give more information about<br />

something.<br />

- I bought a new car. It is very fast.<br />

- I bought a new car that is very fast.<br />

A defining relative clause tells which noun we are talking about:<br />

I like the woman who lives next door.<br />

- She lives in New York. She likes living in New York.<br />

- She lives in New York, which she likes.<br />

(If I don’t say ‘who lives next door’, then we don’t know which woman I mean)<br />

More examples :<br />

The people who live on the island are very friendly.<br />

The man who phoned is my brother.<br />

The camera which costs £100 is over there.<br />

The house which belongs to Julie is in London.<br />

He is also the man whose idea was.<br />

There's a theater that Nils uses for shows...<br />

The person that guessed the day correctly last year...<br />

... an ice hotel that will have more complicated architectural characteristics.<br />

Rule:<br />

· We use ____________ to give extra information about people and things.<br />

· We use ____________ to give extra information about possession.<br />

He is the man. This was sih idea. He is the man esohw<br />

idea it was.<br />

secnetnes2<br />

)ecnetnes1(<br />

sesusliN.retaehtas'erehT<br />

the<br />

theater<br />

taht rofsesuliN retaehtas'erehT<br />

.swohsrofretaeht .swohs<br />

secnetnes2<br />

)ecnetnes1(<br />

30


A. Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun.<br />

LESSON<br />

21<br />

1. There's a small town in Sweden ___________ has an unusual hotel.<br />

2. It's a hotel __________ is built from ice.<br />

3. The man _________ built it is an artist.<br />

4. The hotel attracts visitors _________ idea of comfort is rather unusual.<br />

5. It's a building __________ many people admire.<br />

sgnitniapehT that hang on the hotel walls<br />

sgnitniapehT (that) Nils hangs on the hotel walls<br />

.elasrofera<br />

.elasrofera<br />

B. Look at the sentences above. We need a relative pronoun in the first one but not in<br />

second one. What do you think the rule is?<br />

Hotel facilities<br />

Listen to the dialog. What is the relationship between the two speakers?<br />

How do you know?<br />

A:<br />

B:<br />

A:<br />

B:<br />

A:<br />

B:<br />

A:<br />

B:<br />

A:<br />

B:<br />

Hello, we have a reservation. The name's Perez.<br />

Right, Mr. Perez. Let me see. Yes. Here you are. Two double rooms for three nights. Is<br />

that right?<br />

Yes, that's it.<br />

Could you fill this form, please?<br />

Sure, Is there a laundry service in the hotel?<br />

Yes, sir. And we can have dry cleaning done for you too.<br />

Great! Can I have my room cleaned, then?<br />

Of course. I'll have it cleaned for you.<br />

O.K. Er... How long will it take?<br />

You'll get the room back this evening, sir.<br />

Work in pairs. Role play this conversation.<br />

Complaining<br />

Student A: You are a guest in a hotel. You have returned to your room and found<br />

that the bed is unmade, the bathroom is dirty, and your laundry is still beside the<br />

door. Phone reception and ask for some action.<br />

Student B: You are the receptionist. Answer student “A”.<br />

31


LESSON<br />

21<br />

Causative<br />

I'll have the car washed today.<br />

I need to have my bike mended.<br />

Do you want to have your hair cut?<br />

Have they had their order taken?<br />

HAVE + OBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE<br />

The causitive is when one thing or person causes another things or<br />

person to do something.<br />

A. After the fire in a hotel, a lot of work was necessary to repair the rooms.<br />

Make sentences to describe the repairs.<br />

e.g.: The curtains / replace.<br />

They had the curtains replaced.<br />

1. the walls and ceiling / paint _________________________________________<br />

2. the carpets / clean _________________________________________<br />

3. the windows / repair _________________________________________<br />

4. the doors / mend _________________________________________<br />

5. the picture / change _________________________________________<br />

6. smoke alarms / fix _________________________________________<br />

Facilities<br />

A. Match the pictures with the words.<br />

a<br />

d<br />

g<br />

b<br />

e<br />

h<br />

c<br />

f<br />

i<br />

a disco<br />

tennis courts<br />

fax machine<br />

a swimming pool<br />

a fast food snack bar<br />

a high-quality restaurant<br />

horse-riding<br />

a room with a balcony<br />

a room with a view<br />

a sport center<br />

meeting rooms<br />

tour guides<br />

a children playground<br />

a babysitting service<br />

a dry-cleaning service<br />

car hire<br />

satellite television<br />

32


Categorize the facilities. Which facilities are important for:<br />

1. A person on business : ________________________________________<br />

________________________________________<br />

2. A family with small children : ________________________________________<br />

________________________________________<br />

3. Teenagers : ____________________________________________________<br />

____________________________________________________<br />

4. A young couple on holiday : ________________________________________<br />

________________________________________<br />

5. Retired people: ___________________________________________________<br />

___________________________________________________<br />

7<br />

Satisfaction<br />

!tnellecxE<br />

!citsatnaF<br />

! lufrednoW<br />

!suol levraM<br />

LESSON<br />

21<br />

33<br />

!ecinyrevs'tI<br />

!detnawItahwtsujs'tahT<br />

rofgnikolm'Itahwyl<br />

!<br />

!dog,hO


LESSON<br />

21<br />

1. Look at the pictures and write the<br />

name of each facility you can find in a<br />

hotel.<br />

3. Correct the mistake in the following<br />

sentences.<br />

a. Vanilla is the only flavor whose he<br />

likes.<br />

_________________________<br />

b. First underline the words that<br />

meanings you don't know.<br />

_________________________<br />

a. ___________ c. ___________<br />

c. That's the boy whose I met last week.<br />

_________________________<br />

d. There’s the book whose he wrote in<br />

Paris.<br />

_________________________<br />

4. Change the sentences using the<br />

correct form of have something done.<br />

b. ____________ d. ___________<br />

2. Join the sentences using that.<br />

a. I'd like to talk to the person. She wrote<br />

this letter.<br />

_________________________<br />

a. A secretary typed the letters for her.<br />

_______________________<br />

b. I'll ask someone to paint the door<br />

_______________________<br />

c. A photographer is going to take our<br />

picture. _______________________<br />

b. John has a computer. It doesn't work.<br />

_________________________<br />

c. The flowers are beautiful. You gave them<br />

to your mother.<br />

_________________________<br />

_________________________<br />

d. Is that the motorbike? It can do 200 km<br />

an hour.<br />

_________________________<br />

Travel – Trip – Journey<br />

I'm going on a business travel next week.<br />

Travel is uncountable (without a) You can go<br />

on or make a journey. If you go and come<br />

back after a short time, it is called a trip.<br />

I'm going on a business trip<br />

next week.<br />

34


I had<br />

no<br />

idea<br />

LESSON<br />

22<br />

1<br />

BEFORE<br />

YOU STA RT<br />

A. Read the following information.<br />

USELESS BUT REAL<br />

False teeth, which are<br />

made of porcelain, were<br />

made of teeth of dead<br />

people.<br />

The bristles of toothbrushes,<br />

which are made of nylon, were<br />

made of animal hair before<br />

1938.<br />

The average lead<br />

pencil. which is<br />

commonly used among<br />

students, can draw<br />

about 50,000 words.<br />

Vacuum cleaners, which<br />

are used for cleaning dust,<br />

were also used as hair<br />

dryers at the beginning.<br />

B. In pairs, discuss the following questions.<br />

1. What other things are made of ...<br />

- porcelain.<br />

- animal hair.<br />

- nylon.<br />

Stick a picture here<br />

2. Can you add one more piece of information about<br />

any fact you know?<br />

3.<br />

E<br />

G<br />

G<br />

- bristles<br />

- lead<br />

Stick a picture here<br />

35


LESSON<br />

22<br />

Non-defining<br />

relative clauses<br />

Non-defining relative clauses:<br />

A non-defining relative clause gives us extra information about something.<br />

We don’t need this information to understand the sentence.<br />

• I live in London, which has some fantastic parks.<br />

(Everybody knows where London is, ‘which has some fantastic parks’ is extra information)<br />

We don’t use ‘that’ in non-defining relative clauses, so we need to use ‘which’ if the pronoun<br />

refers to a thing, and ‘who’ if it refers to a person. We can’t drop the relative pronoun in this kind<br />

of clause, even if the relative pronoun is the subject of the clause.<br />

Some examples:<br />

• My boss, who is very nice, lives in Manchester.<br />

• My sister, who I live with, knows a lot about cars.<br />

• My bicycle, which I've had for more than ten years, is falling apart.<br />

• My mother's house, which I grew up in, is very small.<br />

• Yesterday I called our friend Julie, who lives in New York.<br />

• The photographer called to the Queen, who looked annoyed.<br />

• Last week I bought a new computer, which I don't like now.<br />

• I really love the new Chinese restaurant, which we went to last night.<br />

A.<br />

Rewrite these sentences with which. Then compare with a partner.<br />

1. This appliance has a ten-year guarantee. It's made in Japan.<br />

___________________________________________________________________________<br />

___________________________________________________________________________.<br />

36


2. This machine is used for washing clothes. It's electrical.<br />

___________________________________________________________________________<br />

__________________________________________________________________________<br />

LESSON<br />

22<br />

3. This is a piece of electrical equipment. It's used for keeping food cold.<br />

___________________________________________________________________________<br />

__________________________________________________________________________<br />

4. This stuff is used for reproducing sound and pictures. It uses DVD-ROM.<br />

____________________________________________________________<br />

____________________________________________________________<br />

B. In your notebook. Choose five of the objects below<br />

to write a description. Use the non-defining relative<br />

clause structure.<br />

Utensil : a bottle opener, wooden spoon.<br />

Machine: coffee machine, answering machine.<br />

Tool : hammer, handsaw.<br />

A. Alvaro is trying to fill in a crossword. Practice with a partner.<br />

Alvaro : Hey, Dave. Are you good at crosswords?<br />

David : Well, sometimes I am.<br />

Alvaro : Ok. Look at this. This man, who was<br />

David :<br />

Alvaro :<br />

David :<br />

Alvaro :<br />

David :<br />

Spanish, was a famous novelist. He wrote<br />

“Don Quijote”.<br />

It's easy. That's Cervantes. Cervantes Saavedra.<br />

Gee, I had no idea. Listen to this one.<br />

This man, who was deaf, was a gorgeous<br />

composer.<br />

He was German.<br />

A deaf composer?<br />

Yeah, that's what it says.<br />

I'm sorry. I can't guess that one.<br />

A. Look for some information about the following people. Compare with your<br />

partner. Then tell the class the information you got.<br />

37


LESSON<br />

22<br />

Subject relative pronouns<br />

Relative pronouns are the subject of the clause. For non-defining clauses we use who<br />

for people and which for things.<br />

e.g. Maritere, who invited me to the party, called me yesterday.<br />

New York, which is my favorite state, has lots of buildings.<br />

Relative pronouns have the same form for singular or plural nouns, for masculine or<br />

feminine nouns.<br />

e.g. Benito, who lives next door, is my friend.<br />

Alice and Benito, who live in the same house, go to my school.<br />

Read these conversations between friends. Then use the information to write a<br />

summary. Use relative pronouns.<br />

1 A: This newspaper is really interesting.<br />

B: Really?<br />

C: It has many different sections.<br />

Summary: ___________________________________________<br />

2 A: My friend bikes to school.<br />

B: Well, it's very far.<br />

A: Yeah, he broke his leg last week.<br />

Summary: ___________________________________________<br />

Do not use a subject<br />

pronoun (I, you, he,<br />

she, it, we, they) and a<br />

subject relative pronoun<br />

at the same time.<br />

e.g. Luis, who he plays<br />

the drums, is an excellent<br />

musician.<br />

3 A: Sara's boyfriend is very tall.<br />

B: Do you know where he lives?<br />

A: He lives two blocks far from here.<br />

Summary : ___________________________________________<br />

Hello!<br />

4 A: English is an important subject for us.<br />

B: Do you think so?<br />

C: Sure. It has become an important language.<br />

Welcome!<br />

who are<br />

you?<br />

Hi!<br />

Summary: _____________________________________<br />

38


LESSON<br />

22<br />

Describing personality<br />

A. Match each word with a definition. Then mark each<br />

word with (+) positive or (-) negative.<br />

B.<br />

1. moody ______ people who don't do what they say they will.<br />

2. independent ______ a person who waits calmly for things and doesn't worry.<br />

3. easy-going ______ a person who likes giving things to people.<br />

4. emotional ______ someone who is often gloomy or depressed.<br />

5. patient ______ a person who doesn't often ask for help or advice.<br />

6. proud ______ people who show their feelings easily.<br />

7. sociable ______ people who have a high opinion of their own importance.<br />

8. unreliable ______ someone who enjoys being with other people.<br />

9. selfish ______ a person who doesn't worry or get angry.<br />

10. generous ______ someone who doesn't care about other people than<br />

him/herself.<br />

In your Notebook, complete these sentences with your own opinion.<br />

1. I like a friend who...<br />

2. I don't like someone who...<br />

3. It bothers me someone who...<br />

4. My best friend is someone who...<br />

7<br />

Thank you<br />

Look at some ways to thank people:<br />

- “I cleaned the bedroom for you”. “Thank you”.<br />

- “Have a nice weekend”. “Thanks, same to you”.<br />

- “I can help you with your test”. “Many thanks”.<br />

- “Here's your pen. Thank you Brian”. “My pleasure”<br />

“It's worth mentioning”<br />

39


LESSON<br />

22<br />

Sociable= Someone who likes spending<br />

1 Underline the mistake in each<br />

sentence. Correct it.<br />

a. The winter, which is my favorite<br />

season, starts at the end of May.<br />

b. That girl, which had tattoos on her<br />

body was in my class.<br />

c. The trains, which leave to Cuzco, go<br />

full of people.<br />

d. The students from classroom 2 A,<br />

who were punished, left home at<br />

5:00pm.<br />

2 Make sentences with the following<br />

information.<br />

a) Richard Gere is a handsome man.<br />

He starred many well-known films.<br />

_____________________________<br />

_____________________________<br />

b) Leonardo Di Carpio is my favorite<br />

actor. He is American.<br />

_____________________________<br />

_____________________________<br />

c) Britney Spears sings “ Baby one more<br />

time “. She is a pop singer.<br />

_____________________________<br />

_____________________________<br />

d) Eva Ayllon is my dad's idol. She sings<br />

Peruvian music.<br />

_____________________________<br />

_____________________________<br />

3 Unscramble the following words.<br />

a) dupor__________________<br />

b) sihsefl________________<br />

c) lenubaleri _______________<br />

d) yomod ________________<br />

e) sogerune _______________<br />

f) geysigona ______________<br />

g) netapit ________________<br />

4 Complete with your own opinion.<br />

a. Two things or characteristics you<br />

like in a boyfriend/girlfriend.<br />

_____________________________<br />

_____________________________<br />

b. Two things or characteristics you<br />

dislike in a boyfriend/girlfriend.<br />

_____________________________<br />

______________ _______________<br />

c. Two things you like in a classmate.<br />

_____________________________<br />

_____________________________<br />

Opposite :<br />

time with people.<br />

Opposites<br />

Antisocial =harmful or annoying to other<br />

people.<br />

Unsociable: not enjoying the company of<br />

other people. (unfriendly)<br />

40


Always follow your dreams.<br />

Don’t let <strong>anyo</strong>ne tell you<br />

that you can’t be something.<br />

If My Mind Can<br />

Conceive it,<br />

And My Heart<br />

Can Believe it,<br />

I Know I can<br />

Achieve it<br />

you have the<br />

power to be<br />

changed<br />

FAITH<br />

BELIEVE<br />

HOPE<br />

“Confidence comes<br />

not from<br />

always being<br />

right but from<br />

not fearing<br />

to be wrong”<br />

Remember,<br />

you´re braver than<br />

you believe,<br />

stronger than<br />

you seem<br />

and smarter<br />

than you think.<br />

the most<br />

important<br />

thing a girl<br />

wears is her<br />

confidence<br />

Live your life<br />

knowing that your<br />

potential<br />

is so much more<br />

than you can<br />

comprehend<br />

yourself<br />

The future<br />

belongs to<br />

those who<br />

believe<br />

in the beauty<br />

of their dreams<br />

Which one do you agree the most? Why?<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

Which one do you agree the least? Why?<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

41


Backstreet Boys (BSB)<br />

Background information<br />

Origin<br />

Orlando, Florida, United States<br />

Genres<br />

Pop, pop rock, R&B, teen pop,<br />

adult contemporary<br />

Years active<br />

1993–present / Hiatus: 2002–2003<br />

Labels<br />

Jive, Legacy Recordings<br />

Associated acts<br />

New Kids on the Block, NKOTBSB,<br />

Elton John, 'N Sync, Aaron Carter,<br />

Krystal Harris<br />

Website<br />

backstreetboys.com<br />

Members<br />

A. J. McLean<br />

Howie Dorough<br />

Nick Carter<br />

Kevin Richardson<br />

Brian Littrell<br />

The Backstreet Boys are an American vocal<br />

group, formed in Orlando, Florida in 1993.<br />

The group consists of A. J. McLean, Howie<br />

Dorough, Brian Littrell, Nick Carter, and<br />

Kevin Richardson. They rose to fame with<br />

their debut international album,<br />

Backstreet Boys (1996). In the following<br />

year, they released their second international<br />

album, Backstreet's Back (1997) and<br />

their debut album in the United States<br />

which continued the group's success<br />

worldwide. They rose to superstardom with their album Millennium (1999) and its<br />

follow-up album, Black & Blue (2000).<br />

After a two-year hiatus, they regrouped and released a comeback album Never<br />

Gone (2005). Richardson left the group in 2006, several months after the conclusion<br />

of Never Gone Tour to pursue other interests.The group then recorded and released<br />

two albums as a four-piece: Unbreakable (2007) and This Is Us (2009).<br />

In April 2012, the group announced that Richardson had rejoined them permanently,<br />

and in July 2012, all five members of the Backstreet Boys moved into a house<br />

together while working on their next studio album in London.The group also made<br />

their very first performance as a reunited five-piece on August 31, 2012 in Central<br />

Park, New York, as part of Good Morning America's Summer Concert Series.<br />

The Backstreet Boys have sold over 130 million records worldwide, making them the<br />

best-selling boy band of all time, and one of the world's best-selling music artists.<br />

According to Billboard, they are the first group since Sade to have their first seven<br />

albums reach the top 10 on the Billboard 200.They are also set to receive a star on<br />

the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2013.<br />

Which piece of music do you like the most?<br />

__________________________________________________________________________________<br />

When did Kevin leave the group? Did this boy band release any albums after that?<br />

___________________________________________________________________________________<br />

Are they four or five members in the group now?<br />

___________________________________________________________________________________<br />

How many albums have reached up to the 10 top on the Billboard?<br />

___________________________________________________________________________________<br />

What is going to happen to them in 2013?<br />

___________________________________________________________________________________<br />

Who is who? Name them:<br />

42

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