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EDUCATION FOR ALL GLOBAL MONITORING REPORT 2015 GENDER SUMMARY Figure 14: Although learning gender gaps are narrowing, boys outperform girls in mathematics, while girls increasingly outperform boys in reading, by a wider margin Gender gap in scores, reading and mathematics, PISA, 2000/2006 and 2009/2012 50 25 2000/2006 2009/2012 A. Reading Boys perform better than girls Gender gap in reading score, PISA 0 -25 -50 Girls perform better than boys -75 Jordan Qatar Bulgaria Montenegro Finland Slovenia Lithuania Thailand Latvia Sweden Iceland Greece Norway Serbia Turkey Germany Israel France Estonia Poland Romania Russian Fed. Hungary Slovakia Portugal Italy Czech Rep. Argentina Austria Switzerland Uruguay Canada Australia New Zealand Belgium Brazil United States Denmark Tunisia Luxembourg Spain Ireland Indonesia Netherlands United Kingdom Japan Mexico Chile Rep. of Korea Peru Colombia Albania 50 25 2000/2006 2009/2012 B. Mathematics Boys perform better than girls Gender gap in mathematics score, PISA 0 -25 -50 Girls perform better than boys -75 Jordan Qatar Thailand Iceland Latvia Finland Sweden Bulgaria Russian Fed. Albania Montenegro Lithuania Norway Slovenia Romania Poland Indonesia Estonia United States Turkey Greece France Hungary Serbia Slovakia Canada Belgium Netherlands Portugal Uruguay Israel Czech Rep. Australia United Kingdom Switzerland Germany Argentina Denmark Mexico New Zealand Tunisia Ireland Spain Brazil Japan Rep. of Korea Italy Peru Austria Chile Colombia Luxembourg Source: EFA Global Monitoring Report team calculations (2014) using PISA data. 21
GENDER SUMMARY EDUCATION FOR ALL GLOBAL MONITORING REPORT 2015 Figure 15: Girls in Pakistan generally perform worse than boys in mathematics and reading Gender gap in two learning indicators, grade 5 students and children aged 10–12 years, rural Pakistan, 2014 Male-female gap (percentage points) 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 FATA Balochistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Sindh Mathematics Gilgit-Baltistan Boys perform better than girls Girls perform better than boys Punjab Azad Jammu and Kashmir FATA Balochistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Sindh Reading Grade 5 10–12 year olds Gilgit-Baltistan Punjab Azad Jammu and Kashmir Youth literacy rates are higher than literacy rates among adults overall, which reflects recent gains in access to primary and secondary level education. The most up-to-date global youth literacy rate, estimated in 2012, stands at 89%. By 2015 in South and West Asia, the female youth literacy rate is projected to be 85% compared with 90% for males – a dramatic increase from 66% in 2000 and just 5 percentage points short of the global average. Strong progress and a reduction in the gender gap have also been seen in the Arab States, with the female youth literacy rate projected to reach 89% by 2015 compared with 94% for males. Progress has been much slower in sub-Saharan Africa, where only 69% of female youth are expected to be literate in 2015, an increase of just 11 percentage points since 1990 (Figure 17). Notes: The indicator in mathematics is the percentage of children who could do a division; the indicator in reading is the percentage of children who could read a story in Urdu, Sindhi or Pashto. Both indicators have been calculated over two groups: (i) all students who were in grade 5 and (ii) all children aged 10–12 years. Source: ASER Pakistan team calculations based on the 2014 ASER survey. worldwide since 2000, which is well short of the 50% target set at Dakar, and with no change in the difference between males and females. Progress has been uneven in the regions where women were lagging furthest behind. There was fast progress in the Arab States during the 2000s, as the female adult literacy rate increased from 56% in 2000 to 69% in 2010, while the gender parity index for literate women relative to men increased from 0.73 to 0.81. However, this progress is expected to have slowed down by 2015 (Figure 16). Sub-Saharan Africa was the region with the second lowest female literacy rate in 2010 – just 50% – and projected to reach 55% in 2015, when it was also projected that far fewer women would be literate: 78 women for every 100 men. South and West Asia remains the region with the biggest gender disparity, even though its female adult literacy rate is projected to have exceeded that of sub-Saharan Africa. The region’s adult female literacy rate increased from 47% in 2000 to 52% in 2010 and is expected to reach 60% by 2015, when the gender parity index is projected to be 0.76. 22
Page 1 and 2: EFA Global 2 0 1 Monitoring Report
Page 3 and 4: GENDER SUMMARY EDUCATION FOR ALL GL
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