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CYBER VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS

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outed to the local police force, the closest officer<br />

is dispatched to respond and he takes notes with<br />

pen and paper.” 77<br />

• Encouragingly, there are signs of positive<br />

developments in some countries. Dutch law<br />

enforcement is stepping up its efforts to<br />

combat cybercrime. Every regional police<br />

force in the country will train their detectives<br />

in digital investigative techniques. More ICT<br />

specialists and external experts will be recruited.<br />

Specialized digital detectives will join national and<br />

international investigative teams. A “national digital<br />

investigations action program” was established in<br />

July 2014, with a budget of EUR 1.4 million. Law<br />

enforcement however estimated that it needs EUR<br />

30 million a year to effectively intensify the battle<br />

against cybercrime.<br />

4.3 Safeguards: working with industry<br />

and users to make the Internet<br />

VAWG-safe<br />

Over the years, traditional VAW safety measures have<br />

evolved to include women’s shelters, crisis centres, help<br />

lines and education. In light of the new challenges in the<br />

dynamic ICT environment, the digital world also requires<br />

safety measures, and in order to keep up with a rapidly<br />

changing Internet, this will necessarily require resources,<br />

attention and active participation of industry, civil society<br />

and governments.<br />

Free speech requires constant vigilance – by everyone<br />

who uses the Internet. What is the scope of safeguards<br />

needed to be integrated with Internet use?<br />

When the safety of women is discussed, the focus<br />

is often on how women should be protected. But<br />

protection is not the same thing as security. The<br />

question should be what women need to safely<br />

participate in society.<br />

Kvinna Till Kvinna Foundation<br />

Rima Athar and the APC team in their 2015 report 78<br />

conclude that many Terms of Service (ToS) are more<br />

about legal obligations, and that “certain issues get<br />

explicit attention from corporations in their written policies<br />

and redress mechanisms (such as copyright infringement,<br />

child exploitation, financial fraud and extortion), but others<br />

do not (including violence against women, gender-based<br />

hate and other human rights violations).”<br />

33

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