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22, 28, 36 and 37). On the other hand, the proportion of ‘medium’ and ‘large’
establishment is much higher in high-tech sectors (24, 32, 34 and 35).
Table 1. Additional descriptive information
Sector
Technological
intensity
Total of
establishments
250
employees
15 L 5778 2618 45.3% 4620 80.0% 1158 20.0% 220 3.8%
17 L 1951 944 48.4% 1620 83.0% 331 17.0% 36 1.8%
18 L 1712 902 52.7% 1508 88.1% 204 11.9% 19 1.1%
19 L 1699 894 52.6% 1565 92.1% 134 7.9% 7 0.4%
20 L 2349 1307 55.6% 2124 90.4% 225 9.6% 19 0.8%
21 L 837 295 35.2% 619 74.0% 218 26.0% 35 4.2%
22 L 2997 1565 52.2% 2554 85.2% 443 14.8% 58 1.9%
24 H 1722 566 32.9% 1162 67.5% 560 32.5% 143 8.3%
25 M-L 2165 875 40.4% 1690 78.1% 475 21.9% 54 2.5%
26 M-L 3429 1464 42.7% 2738 79.8% 691 20.2% 89 2.6%
27 M-L 987 397 40.2% 712 72.1% 275 27.9% 80 8.1%
28 M-L 8103 4297 53.0% 7104 87.7% 999 12.3% 90 1.1%
29 M-H 3018 1281 42.4% 2458 81.4% 560 18.6% 70 2.3%
31 M-H 1099 445 40.5% 809 73.6% 290 26.4% 64 5.8%
32 H 344 120 34.9% 240 69.8% 104 30.2% 29 8.4%
33 H 376 180 47.9% 302 80.3% 74 19.7% 13 3.5%
34 M-H 876 244 27.9% 521 59.5% 355 40.5% 134 15.3%
35 M-H 451 144 31.9% 313 69.4% 138 30.6% 31 6.9%
36 L 2927 1531 52.3% 2576 88.0% 351 12.0% 30 1.0%
37 L 228 125 54.8% 199 87.3% 29 12.7% 3 1.3%
Regarding to treat the disaggregation and co-localization, we take into
consideration and analyse seventy-seven subsectors, which have been chosen under
specific selection criteria in order to have a representative sample of all the sectors.
Additionally, in order to analyse the existing co-localization between pairs of these
‘subsectors’ we need to find those pairs with linkages. For this, the data we are going to
use will be the 1996 Input-Output Table, which is published by the National Institute of
Statistics (INE) 11 of Spain. This analysis provided 168 pairs of subsectors with relevant
linkages.
3. Location Patterns of Spanish Manufacturing Industries
In this section we present a detailed analysis of the location of Spanish
manufacturing establishments and industries, examining the location patterns of
establishments according to its size, as well as the location patterns of different
subgroups within an industry (subsectors). The methods that we are going to use are
based on the Ripley’s K function, K(r). This function is a distance-based method that
11 INE, (http://www.ine.es/).
8