Proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy

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3. Landfills .................................................................................................. 71 4. Wastewater Treatment and other Miscellaneous Sources ..................... 75 5. Oil and Gas ............................................................................................ 76 VI. Reducing HFC Emissions ....................................................................................... 81 A. Progress to Date .............................................................................................. 82 B. Recommended Actions to Further Reduce HFC Emissions ............................ 85 C. Sulfuryl Fluoride ............................................................................................... 90 VII. Achieving Success ................................................................................................. 92 A. Integrate and Coordinate Planning .................................................................. 92 B. Enable Local and Regional Leadership ........................................................... 93 C. Investments ..................................................................................................... 95 D. Coordinate with Subnational, Federal, and International Partners ................... 97 VIII. Evaluations ........................................................................................................... 100 A. Economic Assessment of Measures in the Proposed Strategy ...................... 100 1. Residential Wood Combustion Black Carbon Emission Reductions .... 102 2. Methane Emission Reductions from Dairy Manure .............................. 106 3. Methane Emission Reductions from Diversion of Landfill Organic Waste ................................................................................................... 113 4. Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards for Crude Oil and Natural Gas Facilities Regulation ............................................................................. 118 5. Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) Emission Reductions ................................... 119 B. Public Health Assessment ............................................................................. 121 C. Environmental Justice and Disadvantaged Communities .............................. 125 D. Environmental Analysis .................................................................................. 127 IX. Next Steps ............................................................................................................ 129 Appendices Appendix A: California SLCP Emissions Appendix B: Research Related to Mitigation Measures Appendix C: Draft Environmental Analysis for the Proposed SLCP Reduction Strategy Appendix D: Supporting Documentation for the Economic Assessment of Measures in the Proposed Strategy April 11, 2016
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Eureka! Synonymous with discovery and opportunity, California represents an ideal; a state of mind—stunning scenery, recreational opportunities, a thriving economy and a culturally diverse people. However, climate change is threatening this ideal, and our very way of life. It is clear that the impacts of climate change are already upon us. California continues to suffer through historic temperatures, persistent droughts, and more intense and frequent wildfires. Each year seems to bring a new global temperature record, and new evidence suggests sea levels are rising much faster than predicted. What was once, and remains, a generational problem of greenhouse gas (GHG) balance in the atmosphere has now become an immediate threat to our California lifestyle. The only practical way to rapidly reduce the impacts of climate change is to employ strategies built on the tremendous body of science. The science unequivocally underscores the need to immediately reduce emissions of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs), which include black carbon (soot), methane (CH 4 ), and fluorinated gases (F-gases, including hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCs). They are powerful climate forcers and harmful air pollutants that have an outsized impact on climate change in the near term, compared to longer-lived GHGs, such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) . SLCPs are estimated to be responsible for about 40 percent of current net climate forcing. Action to reduce these powerful “super pollutants” today will provide immediate benefits as the effects of our policies to reduce long-lived GHGs further unfold. While we must continue to steadily reduce CO 2 emissions for long-term climate stability, we also need a global commitment and near-term actions to dramatically reduce SLCP emissions over the next 10–15 years. Deploying existing technologies and resource management strategies globally to reduce SLCP emissions can cut the expected rate of global warming in half and keep average warming below the dangerous 2 o C threshold at least through 2050. We can slow sea level rise significantly, reduce disruption of historic rainfall patterns, and boost agricultural productivity by reducing crop losses to air pollution. Cutting global SLCP emissions immediately will slow climate feedback mechanisms in the Arctic and elsewhere that would otherwise further accelerate global warming and make climate change far more difficult to solve and far more costly to live with – as more resources would be required for disaster relief, conflict management, and adaptation. Most importantly, we can dramatically reduce global air pollution, saving millions of lives each year. Many of these benefits will primarily accrue in regions and populations disproportionately impacted by climate change, including the developing world. 1 April 11, 2016
Page 1 and 2: Proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollut
Page 3: Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 7 and 8: electrical generation, transportati
Page 9 and 10: anthropogenic (non-forest) black ca
Page 11 and 12: these plans complement one another.
Page 13 and 14: eliminate fugitive methane emission
Page 15 and 16: Cost-Effective Measures with Signif
Page 17 and 18: I. Introduction: Showing the Way to
Page 19 and 20: Significant reductions in SLCP emis
Page 21 and 22: often highest, and where further ec
Page 23 and 24: ARB developed this proposed SLCP Re
Page 25 and 26: To support these efforts, the CATRW
Page 27 and 28: II. California’s Approach to Redu
Page 29 and 30: and nutrient management issues on f
Page 31 and 32: D. Invest in SLCP Emission Reductio
Page 33 and 34: While improving data access and qua
Page 35 and 36: III. Latest Understanding of Scienc
Page 37 and 38: y the U.N.’s Intergovernmental Pa
Page 39 and 40: adiative forcing published by Bond
Page 41 and 42: B. Methane Methane is the principal
Page 43 and 44: they continue to replace ozone depl
Page 45 and 46: Figure 1: California 2013 Anthropog
Page 47 and 48: apply to approximately 150,000 off-
Page 49 and 50: include winter burning curtailment,
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3: California’s 2030 Anthr
Page 53 and 54: While we must act to reduce wildfir
Page 55 and 56:
comprehensive planning and strategi
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Forest and Watershed Health: Thinni
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continue working with Federal agenc
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enefits into programs and cost/bene
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emissions from these sources, captu
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producers' costs of connecting to u
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elow 2 o C—including meeting the
Page 69 and 70:
California has the most dairy cows
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The 2020 and 2025 targets could be
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consideration of available financia
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Research Mitigation Strategies for
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average of collection efficiencies
Page 79 and 80:
nitrogen budgets in the Irrigated L
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California also has about 215,000 m
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not recur. 114 ARB and DOGGR will c
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VI. Reducing HFC Emissions Hydroflu
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through the Montreal Protocol to ph
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Figure 10: California’s 2030 HFC
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Although lower-GWP options are curr
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more than 75 percent compared to bu
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For agricultural commodity fumigati
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Plan will augment the strategies pr
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Local efforts to reduce diesel part
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Truck Loan Assistance Program for s
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of commitments and planning efforts
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Standard (RFS) incentivize the use
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effective. However, rural districts
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Table 9: Range of Costs (Million Do
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ARB conducted a Geographic Informat
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Cellulosic RIN Credit Price Table 1
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Table 13: Mix of Strategies in Scen
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some higher cost strategies, includ
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A principal difference in outcomes
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Cellulosic RIN credit prices Table
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Table 18: Costs and Emissions for O
Page 125 and 126:
electricity from the Cap and Trade
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diesel equipment. 165 (NO X emissio
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Food rescue and recovery could deli
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freight corridors in the East Bay,
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IX. Next Steps This Proposed Strate
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Proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy

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