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The-Global-Sustainable-Competitiveness-Index-2015

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Summary<br />

<strong>Sustainable</strong><br />

Competitive<br />

Natural<br />

Capital<br />

Social<br />

Capital<br />

Intellectual<br />

Capital<br />

Resource<br />

Management<br />

Governance Spotlight Data<br />

Natural Capital - the neglected fundament<br />

Natural capital is the very basis on which a country is built: its physical<br />

environment and conditions. <strong>The</strong> ability to sustain the existing natural capital is<br />

composed of two main factors: the characteristics of the given geography and<br />

climate, combined with the extent of human activities that have or will affect<br />

the ability of natural capital to sustain the population and the economy.<br />

A nation’s natural capital is a given value – it is as it is – i.e. there are limitations<br />

to human ability to improve or change the available natural capital. While it<br />

takes little to impair or exploit the natural capital, rebuilding or improving natural<br />

capital factors is difficult, and requires significant time and resources.<br />

Natural Capital Ranking Observations<br />

High-ranking countries are characterised by the availability of abundant water<br />

combined with tropical climate, rich biodiversity and availability of other natural<br />

resources. <strong>The</strong> highest scoring countries are mostly located in tropical areas,<br />

underscoring the overarching importance of the availability of sufficient water.<br />

While these countries currently may lack social, intellectual and governance<br />

capital, their Natural Capital would allow them to develop sustainable<br />

competitiveness over time. A certain correlation with the level of human<br />

activities and population density can also be observed: large countries with a<br />

comparably small population density and rich biodiversity are on top of the<br />

Natural Capital ranking (North America, Scandinavia, Brazil).<br />

<strong>The</strong> Natural Capital World Map. Dark areas indicate high, light areas low levels of natural capital<br />

<strong>The</strong> top ten of the natural capital ranking sees some surprising and less well<br />

known countries like Congo, Bhutan, Cameroon, Suriname, Guyana, and Laos,<br />

whereas the OECD’s representation in the top twenty is limited to Sweden,<br />

Canada New Zealand and Iceland. <strong>The</strong> rankings of India (175) and China (171)<br />

page 24<br />

the sustainable competitiveness index

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