Learn to Program with Small Basic

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Step 8: Shoot Arrows with ShootArrow() Add the ShootArrow() subroutine in Listing 10-15 to make the Good Knight a master archer who puts Hawkeye to shame. 1 Sub ShootArrow 2 arrows = arrows - 1 3 Shapes.SetText(arrowsText, arrows) 4 5 range = Math.GetRandomNumber(dist) 6 7 ' Animates the arrow 8 pos1X = 100 + dist * moveStep 9 pos2X = 100 + (dist - range) * moveStep 10 Shapes.Move(arrowImg, pos1X, 280) 11 Shapes.ShowShape(arrowImg) 12 Shapes.Animate(arrowImg, pos2X, 280, 2000) 13 Program.Delay(2000) 14 Shapes.HideShape(arrowImg) 15 16 If (range = dist) Then ' You hit the dragon right on 17 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "Perfect shot. The dragon's dead! You kiss the princess's frog.") 18 GameOver() 19 Else 20 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "Your arrow missed! Robin Hood is giving lessons.") 21 Program.Delay(2000) ' To read the message 22 EndIf 23 EndSub Listing 10-15: Shooting the arrow You start by using one arrow (line 2) and show the remaining arrows on the UI (line 3). You then set the arrow’s range randomly to a number between 1 and the distance to the dragon (line 5). The closer the knight is to the dragon, the better his chances are that he’ll hit his target. The next block of code (lines 8–14) animates the arrow. The horizontal start position, pos1X, is the same as the knight’s position (line 8), and the end position, pos2X, is based on the selected range (line 9). You then move the arrow to its start position (line 10), show it (line 11), animate it to its final position (line 12), wait for it to reach its target (line 13), and then hide it (line 14). You can change the value 2000 in lines 12 and 13 to make the animation shorter or longer. Once the animation is complete, you check whether the arrow hit the dragon (line 16). If it did, the game is over (lines 17–18) and the dance party is yours! Otherwise, you tell Good Knight that his arrow missed (line 20), delay the program for your user to read the message (line 21), and return to the ProcessChoice() subroutine, which returns to the main program to give the dragon his turn. Solving Problems with Subroutines 145
Step 9: Swing the Sword with StabDragon() Now, add the last subroutine for the knight in Listing 10-16. 1 Sub StabDragon 2 If (Math.GetRandomNumber(2) = 1) Then 3 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "You killed the dragon! You marry the princess and 7 dwarves.") 4 GameOver() 5 Else 6 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "Your sword missed! Good one, Lance-a-Little!") 7 Program.Delay(2000) ' To read the message 8 EndIf 9 EndSub Listing 10-16: Stabbing the dragon You randomly pick the number 1 or 2. If the number is 1 (line 2), the knight hits the dragon and the game ends (lines 3–4). If the knight misses, you tell the knight that he missed (line 6), delay the program for your user to read the message (line 7), and return to the ProcessChoice() subroutine. Step 10: Breathe Fire If the knight didn’t kill Draggy and end the game, the main program calls DragonFire() to give the dragon a fair fight. Add Listing 10-17 to your program. 1 Sub DragonFire 2 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "The dragon ignited his fire. The Pokemon run.") 3 Shapes.HideShape(dragon1Img) 4 Shapes.ShowShape(dragon2Img) 5 Program.Delay(1000) 6 Shapes.HideShape(dragon2Img) 7 Shapes.ShowShape(dragon1Img) 8 9 If (Math.GetRandomNumber(2) = 1) Then ' Knight is hit 10 If (shield = 0) Then ' Shield is damaged 11 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "The dragon's fire BURNINATED you!") 12 GameOver() 13 Else 14 shield = shield - 1 15 Shapes.SetText(shieldText, shield) 16 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "You're hit! Your shield became weaker. Use the force!") 17 EndIf 18 Else 19 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "The fire missed you! Aunt Mildred could've used your luck.") 20 EndIf 21 EndSub Listing 10-17: The dragon breathing fire on Good Knight 146 Chapter 10
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Learn to Program with Small Basic A
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Learn to Program with Small Basic A
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Brief Contents Foreword by Vijaye R
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Exploring Other Features. .........
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7 Empowering Programs with math 83
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12 building Graphical User Interfac
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Storing Records. ..................
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Foreword Computer programming is ma
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Acknowledgments This book represent
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Introduction Have you ever wondered
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• In Chapter 11: Event-Driven Pro
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1 Introducing Small Basic Bill Gate
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BASIC language that would help kids
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Toolbar Help Area Editor Surface Fi
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Then click the New button to open a
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Helping Hands: IntelliSense and Syn
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Programming Challenges If you get s
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The Parts of a Program Let’s expl
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The method’s name and a brief des
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5 + 7 12 Here’s the output of thi
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For example, to make the TextWindow
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TRY IT OUT 2-3 Now you have a chanc
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Programming Errors Just because a p
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26 Chapter 2 4. Write a program tha
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In the system you use at school, po
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Drawing Shapes You can draw lots of
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Figure 3-6 shows what the output lo
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22 GraphicsWindow.BrushColor = "Lig
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DrawText() takes three arguments. T
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GraphicsWindow provides two methods
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6. Write a program that draws this
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4 Using Variables Have you ever wan
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Try changing the value in karenBear
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These two ways of updating the scor
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Figure 4-2: How a variable is added
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TRY IT OUT 4-3 Write a program that
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Two Kinds of Data Programs use all
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5 Drawing Shapes with Turtle Graphi
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Absolute Motion With absolute motio
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North 0 (360) 315 (-45) 45 (-315) W
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GraphicsWindow.PenColor = "Red" Gra
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The For loop runs Turtle.Move(60) a
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y 5). For the hexagon (the polygon
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Creating Polygon Art Using Nested L
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Endless Graphics In Listing 5-10 yo
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Write a program to have the turtle
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Talking to the Computer Until now,
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Figure 6-2: The text window waiting
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4 C = (5 / 9) * (F - 32) 5 C = Math
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9 noun = TextWindow.Read() 10 11 Te
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7 Empowering Programs with Math If
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Here’s a sample run of our progra
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Round() -4 -3.5 -3 0 3 3.5 4 Round(
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This code snippet shows you some ex
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Let’s walk through this program l
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Trigonometric Methods Trigonometric
Page 120: Programming Challenges If you get s
Page 123 and 124: Small Basic uses a few different wa
Page 125 and 126: You can test all sorts of condition
Page 127 and 128: Small Basic first finds the value o
Page 129 and 130: Your mom’s instructions assume th
Page 131 and 132: But wait, your mom just realized th
Page 133 and 134: This code asks the user to enter a
Page 136 and 137: 9 Using Decisions to Make Games Som
Page 138 and 139: Condition 1 True Statement set 1 If
Page 140 and 141: This change to the program means th
Page 142 and 143: Door 1 Door 2 Door 3 Figure 9-6: Pe
Page 144 and 145: Listing 9-4 shows an example of usi
Page 146 and 147: Think of the Shapes object as a “
Page 148 and 149: Background image (Grid.png) Star.pn
Page 150 and 151: In Figure 9-8, you see that the gri
Page 152 and 153: This code asks the player to enter
Page 154 and 155: 10 Solving Problems with Subroutine
Page 156 and 157: Gulliver later learned that 1 glum-
Page 158 and 159: TRY IT OUT 10-1 When Gulliver asked
Page 160 and 161: variables that belong to the main p
Page 162 and 163: 4 TextWindow.WriteLine("Your turn.
Page 164 and 165: 1 step away). If the arrow hits the
Page 166 and 167: Then you set the graphics window’
Page 168 and 169: 24 Shapes.SetText(msgText, "") 25 T
Page 172 and 173: Lines 3-7 animate the dragon’s fi
Page 174 and 175: 11 Event-Driven Programming So far,
Page 176 and 177: GraphicsWindow Events Let’s start
Page 178 and 179: 4 5 Sub OnKeyDown 6 GraphicsWindow.
Page 180 and 181: 13 Else 14 GraphicsWindow.DrawText(
Page 182 and 183: Useful Tips Before moving on, we’
Page 184 and 185: 21 GraphicsWindow.BrushColor = "Red
Page 186 and 187: 4 XG = Math.GetRandomNumber(8) - 1
Page 188: Programming Challenges If you get s
Page 191 and 192: Today, most programs use a graphica
Page 193 and 194: located at (100, 100). By default,
Page 195 and 196: 9 GraphicsWindow.MouseMove = OnMous
Page 197 and 198: Let’s look at the computations. Y
Page 199 and 200: You start by loading the two backgr
Page 201 and 202: (line 8). If the total resistance i
Page 203 and 204: TRY IT OUT 12-4 Write a program to
Page 206 and 207: 13 Repeating For Loops Have you eve
Page 208 and 209: Each For loop starts with the keywo
Page 210 and 211: The program uses a variable named s
Page 212 and 213: TRY IT OUT 13-5 What does the follo
Page 214 and 215: Nested Loops The statements in the
Page 216 and 217: Figure 13-7: The output of Stamp.sb
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In this chapter, you’ll learn how
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Note Although it’s not required b
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asks the user for the correct answe
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to become a value other than 0 (thi
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Step 4: Announce the Winner The las
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15 Grouping Data in One-Dimensional
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One way to think of an array is as
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The string initializer lets you fil
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TextWindow.WriteLine("Enter 5 numbe
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how much money was rescued from eac
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To create this program, we’ll use
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The apples fall from the trees. Usi
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The subroutine uses a For loop to c
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9 If ((xdiff < 20) And (ydiff < 20)
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4. Open the file USMapQuiz_Incomple
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Associative Arrays In the previous
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The expression If("ernie" = "Ernie"
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Here’s the output from a sample r
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The ContainsIndex() method takes tw
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Figure 16-1 shows the user interfac
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1 Sub OnButtonClicked 2 GraphicsWin
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17 Expanding to Higher-Dimension Ar
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1 ' Random2DArray.sb 2 For r = 1 To
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Animated Squares Let’s write a pr
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12 TextWindow.Write("Enter student
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(line 8). Line 9 displays Scott's M
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You start by initializing the sum v
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4 For col = 1 To 4 ' For each colum
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note If you run into any problems,
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First, you set all the elements of
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11 If ((rowP < 1) Or (rowP > 10) Or
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Open the file Okla.sb from this cha
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(both uppercase and lowercase), dig
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Taking Strings Apart: Substrings Ju
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two arguments: the source string th
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Here’s an output example: Who's y
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More on Code Points The Unicode cod
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Line 7 gets the Nth character of th
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Igpay Atinlay Let’s teach the com
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17 TextWindow.WriteLine("Good Job!"
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9 pos = Math.GetRandomNumber(len) '
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When you continue with the second a
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TRY IT OUT 18-10 Use the techniques
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19 Receiving File Input and Output
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and their meanings. File extensions
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program’s folder (right-click the
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in the file would run together in o
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Let’s experiment with the first p
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line number. As with the WriteLine(
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WARNING If the destination path poi
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6 For N = 1 To count ' Displays the
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wizard asks the user to perform. Th
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Figure 19-8 shows a sample run of t
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Where to Go from Here So you’ve m
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Index Numbers and Symbols 3DArrayDe
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squares, 31-32 star, 65-66 triangle
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integrated development environment
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parts of, 14-16 publishing, 5-6 run
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NewGame() subroutine, 255-256 OnBut
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ages 10 and up “Welcome to the ma
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