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1990s: The newest genus of wild ox,
Pseudoryx, was created in 1993 to
house a spectacular species first made
known to science the previous year in
Vu Quang, Vietnam. Now known as the
saola or Vu Quang ox (P. nghetinhensis),
this sizeable species differs markedly
from other oxen by way of its very long,
slender, antelope-like horns and legs.
Os: In 1983, scientists
I ;eated a family of sharks,
Megachasmidae, in order to
accommodate a large and
remarkable new species,
the megamouth shark
(Megachasma pe/agios),
which was first discovered
in 1976 off Hawaii, USA.
Megachasmidae remains
the newest shark family.
2010s: The newest species
of monkey to have been
scientifically recognized
is Vieira's titi (Cal/icebus
vieirai). Native to the states
of Malo Grosso and Para in
central-northern Brazil, it
was officially described and
named in 2012 and is readily
distinguished from all other
litis by its unique facial and
pelage (hair) colouration.
2013
The Marchita mouse lemur
(Microcebus marohita) and Anosy
mouse lemur (M. tanosi) are native
to Madagascar, as are all lemurs.
Each was distinguished from
similar species of mouse lemur
by sequencing its genes.
2012
The latest marine cetacean to
have been scientifically recognized
is the Burrunan dolphin (Tursiops
australis), which was officially
described and named in 2012.
It is endemic to the coastal
waters of south-eastern Australia.
2013
The Seram masked owl (Tyto
a/mae) was described and named
'in 2013, but was first known to
science in 1987 when a specimen
was photographed (but not
collected) in the wild. It is native
to the Indonesian island of Seram.
2012
The mosaic sea snake (Aipysurus
mosaicus) is known from a single
specimen in Copenhagen's Natural
History Museum. Caught in the
19th century, in the seas between
New Guinea and Australia, it was
only made a new species in 2012.
2013
Brazil's kabomani tapir (Tapirus
kabomani) is one of the largest
new mammals to have been
discovered for a century, but
is the smallest l ivi ng species
of tapir, weighing on average a
very modest 110 kg (242 1b).