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On your calculator you would input 10, ^, (-), 5 and you would get 0.00001.<br />
This is also the way to find the amount of OH + that are present in a base.<br />
To find the pH: -log(concentration)<br />
To find the concentration: 10 -pH<br />
Define these terms:<br />
pH scale<br />
The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0<br />
to 14.<br />
Hydronium ion<br />
The hydrogen ion bonded to a molecule of water, H 3 O + , the form in which hydrogen ions<br />
are found in aqueous solution.<br />
Arrhenius acid/base<br />
As defined by Arrhenius, acid-base reactions are characterized by acids, which dissociate in<br />
aqueous solution to form hydrogen ions and bases, which form hydroxide ions. Acids are<br />
defined as a compound or element that releases hydrogen ions into the solution.<br />
Lewis acid/base<br />
In the Lewis theory of acid-base reactions, bases donate pairs of electrons and acids<br />
accept pairs of electrons. A Lewis acid is therefore any substance, such as the H + ion,<br />
that can accept a pair of nonbonding electrons.<br />
Bronsted-Lowry acid/base<br />
In this theory, acids are defined as proton donors; whereas bases are defined as proton<br />
acceptors.<br />
Strong acid/base<br />
Acids and bases that are completely ionized when dissolved in water are called strong<br />
acids and strong bases<br />
Weak acid/base<br />
Weak acids and bases are only partially ionized in their solutions<br />
Neutralization reaction<br />
A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and<br />
involves the combination of H+ ions and OH- ions to generate water. The neutralization<br />
of a strong acid and strong base has a pH equal to 7.<br />
Titration<br />
Titration is the slow addition of one solution of a known concentration to a known<br />
volume of another solution of unknown concentration until the reaction reaches<br />
neutralization, which is often indicated by a color change.<br />
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