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Visual hierarchy Most web users do not read entire pages. Rather, they skim to find information. You can use contrast to create a visual hierarchy that gets across your key message and helps users find what they are looking for. SIZE Larger elements will grab users' attention first. For this reason it is a good idea to make headings and key points relatively large. COLOR Foreground and background color can draw attention to key messages. Brighter sections tend to draw users' attention first. Style An element may be the same size and color as surrounding content but have a different style applied to it to make it stand out. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipscing elit. 467 PROCESS
Visual hierarchy refers to the order in which your eyes perceive what they see. It is created by adding visual contrast between the items being displayed. Items with higher contrast are recognized and processed first. Images Images create a high visual contrast and often attract the eye first. They can be used to draw attention to a specific message within the page. In some cases, the right image can succinctly reveal more than an entire page of text. The effect of a well-designed visual hierarchy is largely subliminal. Achieving a good hierarchy requires balance; if nothing stands out a site can be rather uninteresting, and if too many aspects are competing for your attention it can be hard to find the key messages. This example has a clear hierarchy which addresses the needs of visitors to the site. PROCESS 468
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HTML & CSS Design and Build Website
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Credits For John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Contents Introduction Chapter 1: St
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Firstly, thank you for picking up t
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Is it hard to Learn? Many books tha
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How People Access the Web Before we
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How the Web Works When you visit a
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1 Structure XX XX XX Understanding
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STRUCTURE 14
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STRUCTURE 16
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STRUCTURE 18
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HTML Describes the Structure of Pag
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Tags act like containers. They tell
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Character left-angle bracket (less
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HTML5 allows you to use uppercase a
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Anything written between the tags
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Article 3 Go to the File menu and s
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Article 3 Now go to the File menu a
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altering one template is a lot easi
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STRUCTURE 36
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2 Text XX XX XX Headings and paragr
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TEXT 42
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Paragraphs Article HTML chapter-02/
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Superscript Article & Subscript HTM
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Line Breaks Article & Horizontal Ru
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Semantic Markup There are some text
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Quotations Article HTML chapter-02/
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Citations Article & Definitions HTM
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Changes to Content Article HTML cha
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Example TEXT This is a very simple
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3 Lists XX XX XX Numbered lists Bul
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LISTS 64
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Unordered Article Lists HTML chapte
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Nested Article Lists HTML chapter-0
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Example LISTS Here you can see a ma
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4 Links XX XX XX Creating links bet
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LINKS 76
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The text between the opening tag a
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Linking to Other Article Pages on t
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Parent The examplearts folder is a
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Relative Link Type example (from di
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Opening Article Links in a New Wind
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Linking to a Specific Article Part
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Example LINKS This example is of a
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5 Images XX XX XX How to add images
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IMAGES 96
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Storing Images on Your Site If you
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Height & Article Width of Images HT
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Article Result Where you place the
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Article Result This looks a lot nea
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Article Result The value of top pla
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Tools to Edit & Save Images There a
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DESIGN RESEARCH Image Formats: GIF
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Image Dimensions The images you use
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Image Resolution Images created for
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Animated GIFs Animated GIFs show se
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Examining Images on the Web Checkin
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In this example, the logo is a GIF
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Summary IMAGES X X XX XX XX The el
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There are several types of informat
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129 TABLES
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Basic Table Structure The element
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Spanning ColumnS Sometimes you may
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Long Tables There are three element
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Old Code: Width & Spacing There are
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This example shows a table for cust
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Summary TABLES X X XX XX XX The el
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Traditionally, the term 'form' has
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Why Forms? The best known form on t
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How Forms Work A user fills in a fo
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Form Structure Form controls live
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Password Input type="password" Whe
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Radio Button type="radio" Radio bu
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Drop Down List Box A drop down lis
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File Input Box If you want to allo
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Image Button type="image" If you w
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Labelling Form Controls When intro
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HTML5: Form Validation You have pro
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HTML5: Email & URL Input HTML5 has
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169 FORMS
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Example FORMS Forms Your Det
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Summary FORMS XX XX XX XX Whenever
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At this point, we have covered the
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The Evolution of HTML Since the web
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DOCTYPEs Because there have been se
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ID Attribute Every HTML element can
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Block Elements Some elements will a
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Grouping Text & Elements In a Block
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IFrames An iframe is like a little
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Information About Your Pages The
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Escape Characters There are some ch
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This example starts by using a DOCT
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Summary EXTRA MARKUP X X DOCTYPES t
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Flash is a very popular technology
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How Flash Works Since the late 1990
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Timeline: Flash, VidEo & Audio Web
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Adding a Flash Movie to Your Web Pa
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Understanding Video Formats and Pla
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Preparing a Flash Video for Your Si
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HTML5: Preparing Video for Your Pag
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HTML5: Multiple Video Sources To s
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Adding Audio to Web Pages By far th
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HTML5: Adding HTML5 Audio to Your P
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221 FLASH, VIDEO & AUDIO
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Summary FLASH, VIDEO & AUDIO XX XX
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In this section, we will look at ho
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Understanding CSS: Thinking Inside
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CSS Associates Style rules with HTM
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233 INTRODUCING CSS
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Using External CSS The element ca
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CSS Selectors There are many differ
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How Css Rules Cascade If there are
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Why use External Style Sheets? When
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Summary INTRODUCING CSS XX XX XX XX
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Color can really bring your pages t
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Foreground Color color The color pr
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Understanding Color Every color on
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Contrast When picking foreground an
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CSS3: HSL Colors CSS3 introduces an
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257 COLOR
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Example COLOR Color body { back
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Summary COLOR XX XX XX XX XX XX Col
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The properties that allow you to co
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Typeface Terminology Serif Serif fo
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Choosing a Typeface for your Websit
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Techniques That Offer a Wider Choic
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Specifying Typefaces font-family Th
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Type Scales You may have noticed th
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More Font Choice @font-face @font-f
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Bold font-weight The font-weight pr
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UpperCase & LowerCase text-transfor
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Leading line-height Leading (pronou
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Alignment text-align The text-align
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Indenting Text text-indent The text
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First Letter or Line :first-letter,
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Responding to Users :hover, :active
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293 TEXT
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Example TEXT Text body { paddin
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Summary TEXT XX XX XX XX XX There a
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At the beginning of this section on
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Article Box Dimensions width, heigh
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Article Limiting Height min-height,
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Border, Margin & Padding Every box
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Article Border Width border-width T
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Article Border Color border-color Y
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Article Padding padding The padding
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Article Centering Content If you wa
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Article Change Inline/Block display
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Article CSS3: Border Images border-
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Article CSS3: Rounded Corners borde
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323 BOXES
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Example BOXES Boxes body { font
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Summary BOXES XX XX XX XX XX XX XX
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There are several CSS properties th
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Article Bullet Point Styles list-st
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Article Positioning the Marker list
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Article Table Properties You have a
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Article Border on Empty Cells empty
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Styling Forms Nobody I know enjoys
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Article Styling Submit Buttons Here
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Article Aligning Form Controls: Pro
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Article Cursor Styles cursor The cu
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349 LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS
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Example LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS
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Example LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS bac
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Summary LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS XX
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In this chapter we are going to loo
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Key Concepts in Positioning Element
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Controlling the Position of Element
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Article Normal Flow position:static
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Article Absolute Positioning positi
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Article Overlapping Elements z-inde
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Article Using Float to Place Elemen
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Article Parents of Floated Elements
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Article Creating Multi-Column Layou
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Screen Sizes Different visitors to
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Page Sizes Because screen sizes and
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Fixed Width Layouts Fixed width lay
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Article Fixed Width Layout To creat
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Article Liquid Layout The liquid la
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Layout Grids Composition in any vis
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Possible Layouts: 960 Pixel wide 12
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CSS Frameworks CSS frameworks aim t
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Article Grid-Based Layout Using 960
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Article Multiple Style Sheets @impo
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397 LAYOUT
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Example LAYOUT
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Example LAYOUT .more-articles p:las
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Summary LAYOUT X X elements are of
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Controlling the size and alignment
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Article Controlling sizes of images
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Article AligNing images Using CSS I
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Background Images background-image
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Background Position background-posi
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Page 430 and 431: Example IMAGES Images body { co
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Page 436 and 437: HTML5 is introducing a new set of e
Page 438 and 439: Traditional HTML Layouts For a long
Page 440 and 441: Headers & Footers The and eleme
Page 442 and 443: Articles The element acts as a co
Page 444 and 445: Sections The element groups relat
Page 446 and 447: Figures You already met the elem
Page 448 and 449: Linking Around Block-Level Elements
Page 450 and 451: 443 HTML5 LAYOUT
Page 452 and 453: Example HTML5 LAYOUT HTML5 Layou
Page 454 and 455: Example HTML5 LAYOUT margin: 10px 0
Page 457: Summary HTML5 LAYOUT XX XX XX XX Th
Page 460 and 461: This section discusses a process th
Page 462 and 463: Who is the Site For? Every website
Page 464 and 465: Why People Visit YOUR Website Now t
Page 466 and 467: What Information Your Visitors Need
Page 468 and 469: Site Maps Now that you know what ne
Page 470 and 471: WireFrames A wireframe is a simple
Page 472 and 473: Getting your message across using d
Page 476 and 477: grouping and Similarity When making
Page 478 and 479: Designing Navigation Site navigatio
Page 481: Summary PROCESS & Design XX XX XX X
Page 484 and 485: To wrap up the book we are going to
Page 486 and 487: Search Engine Optimization (SEO) SE
Page 488 and 489: How to Identify Keywords and Phrase
Page 490 and 491: Analytics: Learning about your Visi
Page 492 and 493: What Are Your Visitors Looking At?
Page 494 and 495: Domain Names & Hosting In order to
Page 496 and 497: FTP & Third Party Tools To transfer
Page 499: Summary PRACTICAL INFORMATION XX XX
Page 502 and 503: # symbol (links) 87, 88 _blank 86
Page 504 and 505: E e-commerce 33 editing content 56
Page 506 and 507: J JavaScript 208, 212, 218 JPEG 109
Page 508 and 509: send to back 369 serif typefaces 26
Page 510 and 511: TroubleShooting Here are a few prob
Page 512 and 513: HTML Elements 77, 79, 85, 441 53
Page 514: CSS Properties background-attachmen
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