S02 Introduction To Psychology II Exam 1 Answers (Ashworth College)

S02 Introduction To Psychology II
Exam 1 Answers (Ashworth College)
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S02 Introduction To Psychology II Exam 1 Answers (Ashworth College)
Question 1 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Irene Pepperberg worked with an African gray parrot named Alex. Her research revealed that
A. Alex was capable of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems, showing an innate
understanding of numbers.
B. Alex was able to make requests and to answer simple questions about objects.
C. Alex’s linguistic abilities were limited to the “parroting” of phrases that he heard Irene speak.
D. Alex showed no evidence of cognitive abilities, which isn’t surprising given his brain was the size of a
walnut.
Question 2 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Investigations of animal behaviors indicate that
A. the actions of animals can be explained by instinct and by principles of operant conditioning alone.
B. chimpanzees have a rudimentary sense of number and appear to have some sort of summing ability.
C. humans are the only animals who can acquire behaviors from their parents.
D. many animals use species-specific languages to communicate.
Question 3 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
When Wolfgang Köhler put chimpanzees in situations in which tempting bananas were just out of reach, he
found that
A. almost all of the apes figured out a way to reach the bananas.
B. many of the apes showed humanlike emotions and advanced cognitive abilities.
C. the apes performed impressive gymnastic maneuvers to get the bananas but didn’t use tools.
D. apes often sat quietly for a while and then seemed to have sudden insight into a solution.
Question 4 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
_______ analysis is a statistical method for analyzing the intercorrelations among various measures or test

scores. It can be used to identify clusters of correlated items that are assumed to measure the same underlying
trait, ability, or aptitude.
A. Psychometric B. Factor C. Behavioral D. Intelligence quotient
Question 5 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
When John worries about getting bit by a shark when swimming at the beach, but doesn’t worry about getting
cancer from the cigarettes he smokes, he is
A. avoiding loss. B. exhibiting confirmation bias.
C. overestimating the frequency of the event. D. exhibiting hindsight bias.
Question 6 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
_______ is defined as a general intellectual ability assumed by many theorists to underlie specific mental
abilities and talents.
A. Metacognition B. An intelligence quotient C. Mental age D. The g factor
Question 7 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Between World War I and the 1960s, the intelligence tests developed for use in schools favored
A. white children over nonwhite children.
B. rural children over city children.
C. poor children over middle-class children.
D. extroverted children over introverted children.
Question 8 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
_______ refers to the cognitive skills and specific knowledge acquired over a lifetime; it is heavily dependent
on education and tends to remain stable over time.
A. Fluid intelligence B. Working memory C. Crystallized intelligence
D. Metacognition
Question 9 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
The tendency to think, mistakenly, that human beings have nothing in common with other animals is called
A. anthropodenial. B. anthropomorphism. C. stereotype threat. D. tacit knowledge.
Question 10 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Sara has had a string of failed romantic relationships over the past three years. Her partners tend to tell the
same story: Sara often can’t tell when they’re mad at her, and doesn’t seem able to express her own feelings. If
her exes’ complaints are accurate, Sara would likely score low on tests of _______ intelligence.
A. emotional B. componential C. general D. tacit
Question 11 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
As an African American, Damon is aware of the negative stereotypes regarding racial differences in
intelligence. If he experiences stereotype threat while taking an intelligence test, it’s likely that
A. Damon’s self-conscious awareness of the stereotype may worsen his test performance.
B. Damon’s test score will be unaffected, but he will feel uncomfortable throughout the test.
C. Damon’s awareness of the stereotype will motivate him to excel on the test.
D. Damon will return the test to the administrator completely blank.

Question 12 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
_______ is the study of cognitive processes in nonhuman animals, especially in natural environments.
A. Psychometrics B. Cognitive ethology C. Factor analysis D. Metacognition
Question 13 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
David Wechsler designed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) to produce
A. a componential IQ score, an experiential IQ score, and a contextual IQ score.
B. a general IQ score and also separate scores for verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, processing
speed, and working memory.
C. a measure of a child’s mental age.
D. a culture-free IQ score and a general knowledge IQ score.
Question 14 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Peter’s mental representation of Thanksgiving includes associations about turkeys, attitudes toward the
holiday, and expectations about the weight he would gain! These are all part of his _______ for the holiday.
A. hindsight bias B. heuristic C. cognitive schema D. algorithm
Question 15 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Tacit knowledge refers to
A. strategies for success that aren’t explicitly taught but instead must be inferred.
B. the knowledge of one’s own cognitive processes and how they can be used effectively.
C. recognition that a problem exists and selection of a strategy based on
previously acquired knowledge.
D. learning new knowledge quickly so that one can cope effectively with
novel situations.
Question 16 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
_______ learning is defined as learning that occurs when you acquire knowledge about something without
being aware of how you did so and without being able to state exactly what it is you’ve learned.
A. Convergent B. Implicit C. Explicit D. Divergent
Question 17 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Our ability to multitask is due, in large part, to our ability to perform _______ cognitive tasks.
A. conscious B. deliberate C. subconscious D. nonconscious
Question 18 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Logan understands the concepts in his statistics class. However, during tests, he spends the entire time on the
most difficult problems and never gets to the problems that he can solve easily. Logan’s inability to adapt his
strategy to the testing situation indicates that he has low
A. emotional intelligence. B. contextual intelligence.
C. cognitive dissonance. D. justification of effort.
Question 19 of 20
0.0/ 5.0 Points
The day after the election, Josephine says that she knew all along who the winner would be. Although it’s

possible that she had some special insight into the election, it’s more likely that Josephine is
A. avoiding loss. B. exhibiting confirmation bias. C. exaggerating the improbable.
D. exhibiting hindsight bias.
Question 20 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Who among the following people is most likely to experience cognitive dissonance?
A. The draftee who hates the army
B. The smoker who knows that smoking causes lung cancer
C. The teenager who doesn’t like the car a parent bought for him
D. The lawyer who worked hard to complete law school and likes working as a lawyer