RIC-20234 Primary Grammar and Word Study Year 3 – Parts of Speech

Parts of speech
Verbs
Focus
Past, present and future tense (including irregular)
verbs; auxiliary verbs
Definitions
• Verb tense shows whether the action of the verb
occurs in the present, the past or the future.
• Auxiliary verbs are small verbs, often a form of the
verb ‘to have’ or ‘to be’, that combine with another
verb to form a compound verb.
Example:
We are driving slowly and I know we will be late.
Explanation
• There are three basic verb tenses—present, past
and future. Future and past tense often form a
compound verb using an auxiliary or helping verb.
• Most verbs in the past tense end in ed. Most present
tense verbs end in s or es.
Example:
Claire dances but Tim does taekwondo. David is
driving a go-kart. (present tense)
Daniel stacked the books in the bookcase. He
has worked hard. (past tense)
Merrilyn will start gym classes next week. (future
tense)
• In the sentences above, ‘is’, ‘has’ and ‘will’ are
auxiliary verbs, with ‘is’ used as part of a present
tense verb, ‘has’ used as part of the past tense and
‘will’ forming part of a future tense verb.
• Most verb tense forms are regular (they have ed,
es or add auxiliary verbs such as ‘is’ and ‘will’ to
make the correct tense) but many are irregular. For
example: ‘We usually buy our lunch on Mondays’
(present tense) becomes ‘I bought my lunch
yesterday’ (past tense). Other examples include be/
was/were; begin/began; do/did; grow/grew; get/got;
choose/chose; make/made.
A more detailed list can be found by accessing the
Internet.
Worksheet information
• Read the text and the explanation with the students
and discuss. Revise verbs and ensure the students
realise that some verbs have two or more parts such
as ‘are fighting’, ‘will make sure’.
• Discuss the verbs and decide which tell about
things that are happening now (present tense),
which things have already happened (past tense)
and which things will happen in the future (future
tense). Students can select from these to complete
Question 2.
• Students should realise that words such as ‘are’ and
‘is’ relate to the present, words such as ‘would’ and
‘will’ relate to future tense and words such as ‘have’
and ‘were’ relate to past tense. This may help them
to complete Question 3.
• All the verbs in Question 4 are irregular verbs.
Students will need to spell and write completely new
words to complete the table and can add one of their
own choosing.
Ideas for further practice
• Compile a list of simple present tense words ending
in s or es and past tense words ending in ed for use
in writing activities.
• Display auxiliary words such as ‘are’, ‘is’, ‘were’,
was’, ‘am’ etc. on ‘helping hand’ shapes.
Answers
1. Teacher check
2. Answers will vary but should include words from
the list.
(a) present tense – feel, see, are fighting, are
caught, have, to live, to eat, am
(b) past tense – have seen, helped, put up, gave,
was
(c) future tense – will make sure, will settle, will
be
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3. (a) were fighting/fought
(b) will help
(c) are settling/settle
Primary grammar and word study 10
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4.
Present
tense
Past
tense
Present
tense
Past tense
catch caught see saw
eat ate fight fought
give gave keep kept
make made Teacher check Teacher check