#CLT

environmental sustainable design
materials- cross laminated timber [CLT]

Cross Laminated Timber
RMIT University©12/9/18 School of Architecture + Design 2

CLT: an alternative to standard materials
Direct replacement for precast concrete panels.
concrete is the 2 nd most consumed substance in the world-behind water
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 3

Cross laminated timber
• extreme-plywood
• odd number of layers most common
• custom layer combinations are possible
– (depending on load requirements.)
• Lamellas (timber layers) laid 90 o
degrees to each layer for structural
rigidity
• CLT is NOT glue laminated timber.
– (laminated veneer lumber runs the
grain parallel)
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 4

Cross Laminated Timber - Advantages
• Off site
– independent of weather effects
• High dimensional accuracy of
manufacture/ fabrication
• Minimal waste materials.
• As planar components, they
distribute loads evenly
throughout the building
element.
– (holistic load design rather
than post and beam).
– No need to search for
noggings.
• Sustainable sourced materials.
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 5

Disadvantages
• New.
• Inflexible #1.
• Inflexible #2
• Requires external cladding + added insulation.
• Stability / movement needs needs early consideration
• Allowance for Services
• Overseas fabrication requires road transport over
distance, adding significant embodied energy
• Site usually requires crane access which might be
difficult on tighter sites
• High environmental impact glues tend to be the
standard
• Cost
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 6

Cross Laminated Timber - History
• 1990’s Europe
– Switzerland, Austria, Germany
• 2018 Brisbane
25 King, Brisbane, Australia
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 7

RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 8

Cross Laminated Timber - Process
• Phases
– Selection of Raw Product
– Timber grouping
– Planing (dimensional
tolerance)
– Cutting (pre-panel)
– Adhesive application
– panel lay-up,
– assembly pressing
– quality control
– Transport to site
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 9

Cross Laminated Timber - Standards
• Typical Dimensions
• Thickness up to 300mm standard
– (500mm possible)
• Widths: 2.95m typical (up to 4.8m)
• Lengths 20m to 60m
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 10

Cross Laminated Timber - Standards
Density: 480–500 kg/m3 (spruce).
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 11

Solid vs lightweight response to ESD
10-14hrs time lag
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 12

Solid vs lightweight response to ESD
The mass timber T3 Tower, in Minneapolis
lightweight
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 13

Cross Laminated Timber FUTURE
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 14

Folded architecture
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 15

Folded architecture
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 16

CLT Examples
Folded architecture
STADIUM 2009
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 17

CLT Examples
The end of shop drawings?
FLATPACK HOUSING 2006
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 18

CLT Examples
‘I think we’re sleepwalking into a place where we’re not going to be relevant anymore unless we can affect our built environment.’
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 19

CLT Examples
MAGGIE’S OLDHAM 2017
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 20

CLT Examples
CHARLTON WORKSTACK
‘I think we’re sleepwalking into a place where we’re not going to be relevant anymore unless we can affect our built environment.’
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 21

CLT Examples
The end of shop drawings?
FLATPACK HOUSING 2006
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 22

future
Lendlease commits to timber buildings at all of its development precincts around
Australia
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 23

Panels can be curved
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 24

Fire resistance
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 25

Earthquake resistance
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 26

RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 27

1 Roof covering on battens and counterbattens
2 Galvinsed steel gutter
3 Timber fascia and soffit board fixed to stub rafters
4 Ventilated timber cladding
5 Wood fibre insulation
6 Crosslam CLT wall and roofing panels
7 Insulation within service zone
8 Plasterboard
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 28

RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 29

https://www.behance.net/gallery/10566047/Institute-of-Cartography-2012
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 30

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https://www.behance.net/gallery/15865575/Details
RMIT University©2011 School/Department/Area 31