S<strong>in</strong>ce past, many years technology has been improv<strong>in</strong>g the education <strong>in</strong>dustry and thus develop<strong>in</strong>g entire human race. <strong>Technology</strong> has made our classrooms digital with screens, projectors, etc. <strong>The</strong>re are advanced labs set up for computer programm<strong>in</strong>g, Bloomberg term<strong>in</strong>als for f<strong>in</strong>ance and equity learn<strong>in</strong>g, etc. <strong>The</strong> technology was very much essential s<strong>in</strong>ce students learn much more by do<strong>in</strong>g (experiential learn<strong>in</strong>g) than by listen<strong>in</strong>g or see<strong>in</strong>g. Educational <strong>in</strong>stitutions are charg<strong>in</strong>g technology fees or <strong>in</strong>frastructure fees which is required to build such highclass <strong>in</strong>frastructure for better learn<strong>in</strong>g. <strong>The</strong> access to the <strong>in</strong>ternet and onl<strong>in</strong>e resources enables researchers to share their ideas and knowledge on specific topics which can be accessed by anybody around the world. <strong>The</strong> Massive Open Onl<strong>in</strong>e Courses (MOOC) have opened a new world of knowledge. Top Universities and Professors around the world are launch<strong>in</strong>g their courses via MOOC which can be accessed by anyone <strong>in</strong> any corner of the world. We can say this as an example of democratiz<strong>in</strong>g education which is good for humanity as a whole. <strong>The</strong>re are many startups <strong>in</strong> EduTech space which are also work<strong>in</strong>g towards same. All of this creates a huge amount of data regard<strong>in</strong>g lectures, content, videos, etc. Students sometimes get lost <strong>in</strong> the sea of <strong>in</strong>formation and need help <strong>in</strong> analyz<strong>in</strong>g and evaluat<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>in</strong>formation and also determ<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the authenticity and validity of the content. <strong>The</strong> ma<strong>in</strong> challenge is the adoption of technology is to upskill<strong>in</strong>g of the teach<strong>in</strong>g staff. <strong>The</strong>y need to learn new technical skills to be relevant. Whatever we have discussed till now have already been implemented <strong>in</strong> most of the developed countries, but the develop<strong>in</strong>g nations are still very far. <strong>The</strong> fourth <strong>in</strong>dustrial revolution has brought new technologies like Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Internet of Th<strong>in</strong>gs (IoT), Mach<strong>in</strong>e learn<strong>in</strong>g, Artificial Intelligence, Blockcha<strong>in</strong>, etc. <strong>The</strong>ir technologies are go<strong>in</strong>g to completely transform the world and almost all the <strong>in</strong>dustries <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g education <strong>in</strong>dustry. Experiential learn<strong>in</strong>g will reach a new height with the help of virtual reality and augmented reality. <strong>The</strong>re are many apps already available for this. Mach<strong>in</strong>e Learn<strong>in</strong>g will help <strong>in</strong> personaliz<strong>in</strong>g the learn<strong>in</strong>g for <strong>in</strong>dividual student and redesign<strong>in</strong>g the assessments. Artificial <strong>in</strong>telligence can help <strong>in</strong> track<strong>in</strong>g the mental steps which a student take to approach a problem and modify the feedback, exercises and explanations and <strong>in</strong>tervention to promote self-regulation, selfmonitor<strong>in</strong>g, and self-explanation would revolutionize engagement. Algorithms can help <strong>in</strong> cluster<strong>in</strong>g the students <strong>in</strong> similar groups based on their ways of learn<strong>in</strong>g and evaluat<strong>in</strong>g the outcome. Chatbots us<strong>in</strong>g Natural Language Process<strong>in</strong>g and Deep Learn<strong>in</strong>g can answer common student's queries. AI will free-up teachers and give more time for one-on-one <strong>in</strong>teraction with the students and solve more complicated personal or About the Author Ram Manohar, a dynamic leader & mach<strong>in</strong>e learn<strong>in</strong>g enthusiast, is the Head of Bus<strong>in</strong>ess Analytics & Data Science division at Pune Institute of Bus<strong>in</strong>ess Management. He has around eight years of <strong>in</strong>dustry experience <strong>in</strong> Bus<strong>in</strong>ess Analytics and Data Science. He holds a Computer Science & Eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g degree from Coch<strong>in</strong> University of Science and <strong>Technology</strong> and Post Graduate Diploma <strong>in</strong> Management (PGDM) from <strong>India</strong>n Institute of Management (IIM), Udaipur. behavioral issues or misconceptions. Advanced Mach<strong>in</strong>e Learn<strong>in</strong>g us<strong>in</strong>g Text M<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g and computer vision can also help <strong>in</strong> evaluat<strong>in</strong>g answer sheets which are <strong>in</strong> the form of free-form text. It does not mean AI will replace teachers. <strong>The</strong> role of the teachers will rema<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>tact to take care of <strong>in</strong>dividual learn<strong>in</strong>g needs for every student. Mach<strong>in</strong>e Learn<strong>in</strong>g can predict strengths and weakness of a student <strong>in</strong> particular subject, his learn<strong>in</strong>g pace and understand<strong>in</strong>g level. By analyz<strong>in</strong>g their test scores, worksheets, <strong>in</strong>teractions and their course, helps <strong>in</strong> creat<strong>in</strong>g a significantly different and unique learn<strong>in</strong>g pathway which is customized and fun-filled. <strong>The</strong>re are multiple ways of apply<strong>in</strong>g AI <strong>in</strong> the education system. One of the most widely accepted and used is Intelligent Tutor<strong>in</strong>g System (ITS) which have given a significant impact and made progress <strong>in</strong> past few years. On the other side, artificial <strong>in</strong>telligence can also analyze teacher’s data (subject, content, methods, evaluation criteria, etc.) and give feedback to improve the teach<strong>in</strong>g process. Teachers can take that feedback positively and takes necessary steps to improve. AI can also predict the career path for the students which is very complicated and sensitive decision to be made. Currently, it takes all the factors <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g parent’s profession, society preference, market trend and highest paid jobs. But it does not take <strong>in</strong>to consideration student’s <strong>in</strong>terest, behavior, likes dislikes, aptitude, etc. AI can take all these factors and predict a better career path for the students. AI and Mach<strong>in</strong>e Learn<strong>in</strong>g can have a tremendous impact on the education <strong>in</strong>dustry. It can help us f<strong>in</strong>d the solutions for all the problems which were exist<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the education <strong>in</strong>dustry but were gett<strong>in</strong>g neglected. It can revolutionize the entire education <strong>in</strong>dustry just based on past data and harness<strong>in</strong>g that to make data-driven and better decisions. T R 40 DECEMBER | <strong>2018</strong>
Expert's Op<strong>in</strong>ion <strong>The</strong> Inuence Of <strong>Technology</strong> In <strong>The</strong> Education Industry (teach<strong>in</strong>g Methods) Articial Intelligence (AI) and Mach<strong>in</strong>e learn<strong>in</strong>g (ML) Ram Manohar DECEMBER | <strong>2018</strong> 41