International Security Journal - August 2019 - Special Report

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editor’s introduction Special Report editor’s introduction MATTHEW BULL @INTSECJOURNAL @INTSECJOURNAL2019 INTERNATIONAL SECURITY JOURNAL surveillance With the surveillance industry at a crossroads, International Security Journal takes a deeper look at which direction it is likely to take In this month’s Special Report, we are taking a deeper look into the critical subject of surveillance. For some time now, the global surveillance market has been growing at an incredible rate, but it now finds itself at somewhat of a crossroads. The introduction of new technologies and fears over privacy have led to manufacturers needing to take a step back and consider what their next moves will be. The use of facial recognition within surveillance systems was again brought to the fore when the city of San Francisco banned its use in May 2019. UK authorities are now also raising concerns about the technology with the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee suggesting that use of automatic facial recognition should be suspended. The committee stated that no further trials of the technology should take place until relevant regulations are introduced, it raised concerns over accuracy and bias and warned that police forces were failing to edit a database of custody images to remove pictures of unconvicted individuals. Many leading figures throughout the industry advocate the introduction of a stringent legal framework to control the use of the technology. Tony Porter, Surveillance Camera Commissioner believes that the responsibility for finding such a solution lies with lawmakers. In his annual report, produced for the UK parliament in January 2019, Porter projected that “the police use of integrated and highly sophisticated video surveillance platforms will continue to increase” meaning that the balance between privacy and security will continue to challenge law enforcement. Porter continued: “Lawmakers and regulators need to be robust and coordinated in supporting those efforts and challenging them when their use is deemed excessive.” So what does all this uncertainty mean for manufacturers? Axon, the company that supplies 47 out of the 69 largest police agencies in the United States with body cameras and software, has announced that it will ban the use of facial recognition systems on its devices. “Face recognition technology is not currently reliable enough to ethically justify its use,” the company’s independent ethics board concluded. In a 28-page report, Axon’s ethics board, which was handpicked by members of the Policing Project at New York University School of Law, argued that the technology “does not perform as well on people of colour compared to whites, or young people compared to older people.” It is, of course, an extreme step to take but one that many manufacturers could soon be considering. Legal challenges against facial recognition are springing up around the world and this moratorium from Axon could lead the way towards more responsible use of the technology. For those vendors that continue to develop facial recognition, it appears that privacy masking software is an absolute necessity, especially within the EU in order to comply with GDPR. Companies such as IDIS and Hanwha Techwin are leaders in this particular field with more accurate and easier-to-use solutions being released all the time. This Special Report will help the industry to navigate the unknown terrain that lies ahead. InternationalSecurityJournal.com ISJ | 41
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International Security Journal - August 2019 - Special Report

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