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Women's Suffrage and rights in the constitutions of the world​

There are signs that indicate the degree of evolution and emancipation achieved by society. This publication photographs the situation on 1 January 2020, highlighting two fundamental aspects: 1) the establishment of universal female suffrage and the percentage of women in parliaments around the world; 2) the recognition or denial of the fundamental rights of women in the Constitutions of all the countries of the world.

There are signs that indicate the degree of evolution and emancipation achieved by society. This publication photographs the situation on 1 January 2020, highlighting two fundamental aspects:

1) the establishment of universal female suffrage and the percentage of women in parliaments around the world;

2) the recognition or denial of the fundamental rights of women in the Constitutions of all the countries of the world.

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BAHAMAS 1961

Right to vote: February 18, 1961

Right to stand for election: 1962

First woman in parliament: 1977

Independence: 1973

Population: 391,515

Parliament name: Parliament

Chamber name: House of Assembly

Structure & Status of parliament: Lower Chamber

Statutory number of members: 39

Directly elected

Electoral quota for women: No

DATE WOMEN %

2017-05

2012-05

2007-05

2002-05

1997-03

1992-08

1987-06

1982-06

1973-07

5

5

5

8

6

4

2

1

0

12.82%

13.16%

12.2%

20%

15%

8.16%

4.08%

2.33%

0%

Chamber name: Senate

Structure & Status of parliament: Upper Chamber

Statutory number of members: 16

Appointed by the Governor General

Electoral quota for women: No

DATE WOMEN %

2017-05

2012-05

2010-01

2009-01

2007-12

2007-06

2007-05

1998-01

1997-11

1987-06

1982-06

1977-07

1973-07

7

4

9

5

9

8

9

7

5

3

4

3

0

43.75%

25%

60%

33.33%

60%

53.33%

60%

43.75%

31.25%

18.75%

25%

18.75%

0%

Prior to independence, under British administration, adult male suffrage was introduced in 1959, although members of the

electorate satisfying certain property qualifications also received a second vote. Women were granted the vote in 1961 and

by 1964 all property qualifications had been abolished. The right to vote was confirmed at independence. Janet Gwennett

Bostwick (born Musgrove) in 1977 was appointed to the Senate and in 1982 became the first woman elected to the House of

Assembly.

CONSTITUTION OF 1973

Article 15. Fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual

Whereas every person in The Bahamas is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say,

has the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights

and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely:

a. life, liberty, security of the person and the protection of the law;

b. freedom of conscience, of expression and of assembly and association; and

DISCRIMINATION BANNED

c. protection for the privacy of his home and other property and from deprivation of property without compensation, the

subsequent provisions of this Chapter shall have effect for the purpose of affording protection to the aforesaid rights and

freedoms subject to such limitations of that protection as are contained in those provisions, being limitations designed to

ensure that the enjoyment of the said rights and freedoms by any individual does not prejudice the rights and freedoms of

others or the public interest.

33

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