Gurdjieff Bennett and the Fourth Way (2)

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of Gary Chicoine whom some of Bennett‘s pupils adopted as their teacher a few yearsafter his death.10
CHAPTER ONEGurdjieff, Bennett and the Fourth WayAbstract.Firstly, I introduce Gurdjieff as a spiritual teacher without known antecedents,presenting himself as a manifestation of the fourth way – i.e., as within a stream oftransmission that is outwardly discontinuous. Then I address the inherentlyproblematic nature of this position with regard to the question of authenticity. Havingbriefly outlined the methodological responses to this of two previous commentators, Ipropose a phenomenological focus on the lineage/authenticity issue in relation toGurdjieff's ‗successors‘. I then set out: (i) an historical outline of Gurdjieff's mainpupils and lineal branches; and (ii) sketches of five subsequent and entirelyindependent teachers whose authenticity claims draw on the fourth way idea and,specifically on Gurdjieff's name. The inherently problematic and contentious natureof these latter is explored. The ‗heterodoxy‘ of J.G.Bennett is then presented asexemplifying characteristics of both the orthodox/lineal and the non-lineal positions.The untenability of his position in the terms of the orthodoxy is emphasized.Bennett's own authority claim is explored in the light of his relationship to Gurdjieffand it is concluded that his ‗claim to succession‘ is based on an idea of deepcontinuity (which is, nevertheless, rooted in actual lineal contact.) Finally, I introduceBennett's spiritual concepts which serve to elucidate this idea of deep continuity inrelation to that of the fourth way and raise questions with regard to the status of theaccount which emerges.11
Page 1 and 2: William James Thompson, BA (hons)J.
Page 3 and 4: ContentsAbstract ..................
Page 5 and 6: Demiurgic sin, or Angelic error? ..
Page 7 and 8: Return to England .................
Page 9 and 10: IntroductionUnravelling the wool wh
Page 11 and 12: Additionally, there is the booklet
Page 13 and 14: year of his life. Journeys in Islam
Page 15 and 16: Other Spiritual TeachingsLastly the
Page 17: next chapter, to understand Bennett
Page 21 and 22: demonstrate that Bennett saw himsel
Page 23 and 24: from the collective state by virtue
Page 25 and 26: succumbing to the ‗subjectivizati
Page 27 and 28: English pupils had become pupils of
Page 29 and 30: experienced some kind of powerful i
Page 31 and 32: no substantial claim that the teach
Page 33 and 34: Oscar Ichazo.Ichazo is Bolivian by
Page 35 and 36: fourth way operations, his own ‗o
Page 37 and 38: frame of reference, he provided suf
Page 39 and 40: Bennett's own understanding of his
Page 41 and 42: commitment resulted in rapid accept
Page 43 and 44: reality of Christ. 95 Although this
Page 45 and 46: Demiurgic beings operate primarily
Page 47 and 48: the Sarmoun Brotherhood‘ - which
Page 49 and 50: This is a definition of the fourth
Page 51 and 52: into society as a whole. Bennett st
Page 53 and 54: order 154 would, in its own terms,
Page 55 and 56: which it is necessary to question s
Page 57 and 58: the three year Subud experiment in
Page 59 and 60: Notes and References to Chapter 11
Page 61 and 62: 8 See Chapter Six where I argue tha
Page 63 and 64: 25 See James Webb, The Harmonious C
Page 65 and 66: 58 I.e., because Ouspensky's own po
Page 67 and 68: (‗Footnote to the Gurdjieff Liter
Page 69 and 70:
97 Bennett understood Christ as man
Page 71 and 72:
124 Gurdjieff: Making a New World,
Page 73 and 74:
157 The Way to be Free, p.31.158 I
Page 75 and 76:
CHAPTER TWOThe International Academ
Page 77 and 78:
In this chapter I examine the weigh
Page 79 and 80:
idea of founding a school to Gurdji
Page 81 and 82:
‗emergence as a master‘ 30 in t
Page 83 and 84:
The Teaching at SherborneIntroducti
Page 85 and 86:
Bennett‘s detractors might sugges
Page 87 and 88:
Prospectus, p.5) and the evening me
Page 89 and 90:
interpersonal friction‘ to provid
Page 91 and 92:
However, the focus of work with the
Page 93 and 94:
teachings known in the West it is a
Page 95 and 96:
a theoretical course which actually
Page 97 and 98:
in talks to his students at Sherbor
Page 99 and 100:
It can be shown that Bennett made c
Page 101 and 102:
4. With regard to the Academy's emp
Page 103 and 104:
The teaching at these courses was b
Page 105 and 106:
Gurdjieff. 132 There also seems to
Page 107 and 108:
to exemplify ―group consciousness
Page 109 and 110:
Making a New World...What, then, wa
Page 111 and 112:
illusion about the difficulty of br
Page 113 and 114:
In the last volume of The Dramatic
Page 115 and 116:
are trying to answer concerns the r
Page 117 and 118:
(iv) the urgency of the situation.T
Page 119 and 120:
obligolnian-strivings‖ (see note
Page 121 and 122:
the transformative endeavour Bennet
Page 123 and 124:
He indicates the importance of this
Page 125 and 126:
existence is not ‗a free lunch,
Page 127 and 128:
Conclusion.It can be seen that Benn
Page 129 and 130:
J.G.Bennett and the „Gurdjieff Tr
Page 131 and 132:
make sacrifices of our own limited
Page 133 and 134:
method‘, and onto the wider spiri
Page 135 and 136:
In his article ‗Gurdjieffian Grou
Page 137 and 138:
be the case that Bennett's extra-Gu
Page 139 and 140:
them a supply of the ‗substance o
Page 141 and 142:
because it is a common denominator
Page 143 and 144:
general consideration that an hiatu
Page 145 and 146:
concerned the ‗tradition‘ - in
Page 147 and 148:
‗Gurdjieff tradition‘ is part o
Page 149 and 150:
8. Identification of the significan
Page 151 and 152:
our understanding of Gurdjieffian s
Page 153 and 154:
(extracted from — ―Memorandum o
Page 155 and 156:
―...Every effort a man makes incr
Page 157 and 158:
36 Perhaps most notably the evening
Page 159 and 160:
results of external influences, ext
Page 161 and 162:
mechanical existence. Gurdjieff pre
Page 163 and 164:
running of the school. Now, the imm
Page 165 and 166:
teacher-pupil relationship (i.e., G
Page 167 and 168:
above on ―Idiotism‖) and twenty
Page 169 and 170:
Gurdjieff's perspective on the huma
Page 171 and 172:
133 The main sources are Gurdjieff
Page 173 and 174:
intermediate role in the scheme of
Page 175 and 176:
Gurdjieff, in an increase in the bi
Page 177 and 178:
period of accelerated decline of
Page 179 and 180:
225 Following the death of Madame d
Page 181 and 182:
systems. Bennett's books Gurdjieff:
Page 183 and 184:
266 I introduce Gurdjieff's doctrin
Page 185 and 186:
SourcesBefore embarking on the subj
Page 187 and 188:
He had just taken the final decisio
Page 189 and 190:
Part 1: Gurdjieff‟s Doctrine of t
Page 191 and 192:
was later removed. However, humanit
Page 193 and 194:
originating in the ordinary mind of
Page 195 and 196:
Why, then, do people believe that t
Page 197 and 198:
is merely an automatic coordinating
Page 199 and 200:
[Man as he is]Automatonworking byex
Page 201 and 202:
However, from Gurdjieff‘s point o
Page 203 and 204:
especially the mechanism of ―buff
Page 205 and 206:
this wholly negative sense - also k
Page 207 and 208:
octave. This ―shock‖ is of a wh
Page 209 and 210:
stage because the possibility of ge
Page 211 and 212:
of the subject and also threaten to
Page 213 and 214:
mortality of his physical body). Ho
Page 215 and 216:
Providing ‗food for the Moon‘ i
Page 217 and 218:
factors and processes of social inc
Page 219 and 220:
The evolution of a certain small pe
Page 221 and 222:
which rules out ―...the developme
Page 223 and 224:
highly desirable that he should awa
Page 225 and 226:
The book Views From the Real World:
Page 227 and 228:
How, then, does the cosmological sc
Page 229 and 230:
by the concerted agencies of his fa
Page 231 and 232:
do‘...‖ etc. - and to develop a
Page 233 and 234:
impacts on his pupils (in Moscow an
Page 235 and 236:
a factor in determining whether an
Page 237 and 238:
teaching as ―esoteric Christianit
Page 239 and 240:
way that an evolutionary increase o
Page 241 and 242:
Bennett suggests that Gurdjieff‘s
Page 243 and 244:
Planetary EvolutionAs was described
Page 245 and 246:
beings is to blend with and serve t
Page 247 and 248:
Bennett‟s ScenarioBennett describ
Page 249 and 250:
…Creativity had to be imparted to
Page 251 and 252:
occurred in human evolution - the o
Page 253 and 254:
This serves to emphasize the idea t
Page 255 and 256:
their cosmic obligations has been t
Page 257 and 258:
Throughout Beelzebub Gurdjieff prov
Page 259 and 260:
among the sacred individuals to Jes
Page 261 and 262:
and the Cosmic Individuality, enabl
Page 263 and 264:
powerful case for saying that (some
Page 265 and 266:
It will be noticed that much of thi
Page 267 and 268:
This future, which is not in future
Page 269 and 270:
No.8‖ 292 which, by definition, p
Page 271 and 272:
seems virtually identical to Bennet
Page 273 and 274:
the vertical involutionary-evolutio
Page 275 and 276:
Now, in the course of talks with Ha
Page 277 and 278:
Angelic developmentAccording to Gur
Page 279 and 280:
the context of the more general pro
Page 281 and 282:
Notes and References to Chapter 31
Page 283 and 284:
19 ISOM, p.18.20 Gurdjieff, Views F
Page 285 and 286:
63 ISOM, p.44 and p.94.64 Views Fro
Page 287 and 288:
94 ‗Transmission and Initiation.
Page 289 and 290:
established as a morphological dete
Page 291 and 292:
without reaction, is in it self a m
Page 293 and 294:
223 A fuller account of the differe
Page 295 and 296:
273 Moreover, it should be noted th
Page 297 and 298:
322 Bennett, The Sevenfold Work, p.
Page 299 and 300:
The idea of the esoteric centreThe
Page 301 and 302:
It was argued in Chapter Two that,
Page 303 and 304:
Gurdjieff‟s idea of the esoteric
Page 305 and 306:
Gurdjieff‘s description of the in
Page 307 and 308:
not sure of anything, he may doubt
Page 309 and 310:
The Esoteric Centre in Gurdjieff‟
Page 311 and 312:
with monasteries and esoteric broth
Page 313 and 314:
first contact with the ―World Bro
Page 315 and 316:
Whatever the basis in fact, this is
Page 317 and 318:
It must be emphasized that Prince Y
Page 319 and 320:
takes Beelzebub (see next section).
Page 321 and 322:
Bukhara, the suggested general loca
Page 323 and 324:
Consideration of the Beelzebub evid
Page 325 and 326:
eventually published the chapters h
Page 327 and 328:
thence to France via Turkey, German
Page 329 and 330:
return journey. 113 What is being s
Page 331 and 332:
What is the significance of the cha
Page 333 and 334:
ii. owing to ‗the disruptive effe
Page 335 and 336:
closely together in the text Gurdji
Page 337 and 338:
to another version, he attributed t
Page 339 and 340:
Purgatory, after death experience a
Page 341 and 342:
which Gurdjieff presents of Purgato
Page 343 and 344:
people. However, he is depicted as
Page 345 and 346:
dwelling place of ‗dead saints‘
Page 347 and 348:
Gurdjieff‘s pupils who seems to h
Page 349 and 350:
24 ISOM, p.201.25 ISOM, p.37.26 ISO
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68 Meetings With Remarkable Men, pp
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107 Gurdjieff says that he arrived
Page 355 and 356:
133 Webb, The Harmonious Circle, p.
Page 357 and 358:
349
Page 359 and 360:
IntroductionIn this chapter I addre
Page 361 and 362:
‗standard scale‘ which will ass
Page 363 and 364:
deemed to be subject to 3 laws. In
Page 365 and 366:
has a structural integrity of its o
Page 367 and 368:
A connection between the theme of w
Page 369 and 370:
that there are four main levels of
Page 371 and 372:
begun‖. - ―Real, objective resu
Page 373 and 374:
unpredicability which is ascribed t
Page 375 and 376:
The ―perfecting‖ spoken of here
Page 377 and 378:
Man No.4 is also known as ―transi
Page 379 and 380:
state and the product of the transm
Page 381 and 382:
permanent bridge between the lower
Page 383 and 384:
Man No.6 (like Man No.7) has been d
Page 385 and 386:
to be ―taken onto‖ the Sun Abso
Page 387 and 388:
degree Ischmetch is equivalent to t
Page 389 and 390:
while recognizing the general natur
Page 391 and 392:
realized. Concomitant to this is a
Page 393 and 394:
associated with the HEC. - The last
Page 395 and 396:
The work of Man No.6 is to bring in
Page 397 and 398:
teacher that it is possible to beco
Page 399 and 400:
connection to higher knowledge in t
Page 401 and 402:
Gurdjieff refers to this transferen
Page 403 and 404:
partly in the other‘ - eventually
Page 405 and 406:
evolutionary deaths that can take p
Page 408 and 409:
Concluding Remarks.This chapter has
Page 410 and 411:
of practical work on oneself are ce
Page 412 and 413:
GOALMotivationalINSTRUMENTOperation
Page 414 and 415:
cutting edge, of this latter is ―
Page 416 and 417:
There is a close correspondence bet
Page 418 and 419:
1. Initiation2. Involvement3. Separ
Page 420 and 421:
7. Purity(Grace)6. Submission5. Rec
Page 422 and 423:
[GOAL]7. Purity(Grace)[DIRECTION]Sa
Page 424 and 425:
levels of the path help comes throu
Page 426 and 427:
transformation of order, his triad
Page 428 and 429:
However, it is necessary to ask wha
Page 430 and 431:
Notes and References to Chapter 51
Page 432 and 433:
39 Moreover, the state called ―ma
Page 434 and 435:
76 See, Beelzebub, II, ‗Religion
Page 436 and 437:
29 The Dramatic Universe, III, p.52
Page 438 and 439:
CHAPTER SIXBennett as Pupil and Tea
Page 440 and 441:
Bennett‘s experience at the Prieu
Page 442 and 443:
fashionable theory of relativity, a
Page 444 and 445:
James Moore, in his Gurdjieff: the
Page 446 and 447:
However, he still felt weak and ill
Page 448 and 449:
its realization and actualization.
Page 450 and 451:
between teacher and pupil (which is
Page 452 and 453:
undoubtedly refers to the ―Great
Page 454 and 455:
inviting him to become a full time
Page 456 and 457:
more in tune with Gurdjieff himself
Page 458 and 459:
hazardous conditions of revolutiona
Page 460 and 461:
Hence, the Gurdjieffian view is tha
Page 462 and 463:
Ouspensky‟s „school‟.Ouspensk
Page 464 and 465:
the rumours, that were current at t
Page 466 and 467:
his efforts could have produced som
Page 468 and 469:
propagate any of the ideas of the S
Page 470 and 471:
a large scale context of Gurdjieff'
Page 472 and 473:
as imminent for Western civilizatio
Page 474 and 475:
solution to all its problems. At th
Page 476 and 477:
―spoiled‖, his own were ―luna
Page 478 and 479:
And he records that:We were learnin
Page 480 and 481:
unmortal. Now you have nothing, but
Page 482 and 483:
Gurdjieff‘s statement that he alr
Page 484 and 485:
Springs. Bennett records that Georg
Page 486 and 487:
Bennett gives one very dramatic exa
Page 488 and 489:
Gurdjieff indicates his intention t
Page 490 and 491:
It was she whom Gurdjieff sent for
Page 492 and 493:
particular reference to the English
Page 494 and 495:
for Madame de Salzmann‘s decision
Page 496 and 497:
2. To help others.3. To serve the p
Page 498 and 499:
chapters, it was Bennett‘s view -
Page 500 and 501:
others.‖ 286 Specifically, he ide
Page 502 and 503:
the Middle East. However, the exten
Page 504 and 505:
Emin Chikhou and Naq‟shbandi Sufi
Page 506 and 507:
More specifically he told Bennett t
Page 508 and 509:
Gurdjieff‘s teaching had not been
Page 510 and 511:
nights previously an angel had reve
Page 512 and 513:
The work at Coombe Springs confirme
Page 514 and 515:
Building on the impasse ideas, I wi
Page 516 and 517:
inner contact through the latihan.
Page 518 and 519:
The second strand is Gurdjieff‘s
Page 520 and 521:
Bennett‘s own perspective only se
Page 522 and 523:
…I entered a state of consciousne
Page 524 and 525:
suggest that - for people with expe
Page 526 and 527:
…all Gurdjieff‘s methods and hi
Page 528 and 529:
Submission and gnosisThis idea of
Page 530 and 531:
perspective and is not intended to
Page 532 and 533:
However, his mature view (probably
Page 534 and 535:
It was impossible to doubt that I h
Page 536 and 537:
His Christian experiences at St.Wan
Page 538 and 539:
the true immortality of the ―Sun
Page 540 and 541:
In Chapter Two I have argued that a
Page 542 and 543:
Conditions now exist in the communi
Page 544 and 545:
Elwell-Sutton‘s reply to his crit
Page 546 and 547:
view, disastrous because it would b
Page 548 and 549:
‗Solo to Mecca‘ which had appea
Page 550 and 551:
several possible explanations for h
Page 552 and 553:
School. In consequence of the lack
Page 554 and 555:
‗second line‘ because it relate
Page 556 and 557:
the intelligence of the HTC. (It wi
Page 558 and 559:
I am the Real Man, the Gurdjieff, t
Page 560 and 561:
these reasons Bennett‘s pupils wo
Page 562 and 563:
time been working in Ouspensky's Lo
Page 564 and 565:
in italics‖. (Interview, June 199
Page 566 and 567:
108 Ouspensky, The Fourth Way, pp.9
Page 568 and 569:
170 Ouspensky, it seems, was denied
Page 570 and 571:
228 Gurdjieff, Herald of Coming Goo
Page 572 and 573:
271 Anthony Bright-Paul, Stairway t
Page 574 and 575:
314 Bennett, Journeys In Islamic Co
Page 576 and 577:
365 See, e.g., Beelzebub, Vol.1, p.
Page 578 and 579:
426 Husein Rofé, The Path of Subud
Page 580 and 581:
international leader of the Work).
Page 582 and 583:
511 The People of the Secret, p.163
Page 584 and 585:
536 It was around this time that Be
Page 586 and 587:
Notes and References to Conclusion5
Page 588 and 589:
The aim of this thesis has been to
Page 590 and 591:
motivated by the (complementary) ne
Page 592 and 593:
with matters of source and higher a
Page 594 and 595:
contention that Bennett achieved co
Page 596 and 597:
12 See de Salzmann ‗Foreword‘ i
Page 598 and 599:
Late 1920/early 1921. Bennett meets
Page 600 and 601:
resolves that, if he cannot work wi
Page 602 and 603:
1943. Bennett begins work on a math
Page 604 and 605:
May 1955. Bennett and Elizabeth How
Page 606 and 607:
Late 1966. Bennett re-establishes w
Page 608 and 609:
1978. Posthumous publication of Ben
Page 610 and 611:
28th February 1981. Blake offers hi
Page 612 and 613:
Appendix 2: Chronology of Beelzebub
Page 614 and 615:
BibliographyAlexandria Foundation.
Page 616 and 617:
——————— Journeys In I
Page 618 and 619:
(Conditions of discipleship. Montan
Page 620 and 621:
——————— Life is real
Page 622 and 623:
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. The Encounter
Page 624 and 625:
Scott, Ernest. The People of the Se
Page 626 and 627:
J.G.Bennett Lectures on Cassette Ta
Page 628:
036 Questions on the Study of Man:
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