The Cordillera Review Volume 1 Issue 2

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42 The Cordillera ReviewStructures such as the Council of Elders or Council of Leaders in Section5.3. Specifically, the Council of Elders/Leaders are tasked to(a) Formalize the traditional leadership system pursuant tocustomary laws and practices in managing forestlands andthe forest resources found therein;(b) Take the lead role in resolving conflicts/disputes in accordancewith their customs and traditions on consensus buildingwithin their domain;(c) Initiate and approve the participatory formulation ofcommunity policies relative to the effective management andconservation of forest resources, including therecommendation for the establishment of community/villageforests within their territory;(d) Activate its authority within the community for theimplementation of cultural governance towards effectivesustainable forest conservation and management;(e) Actively support and participate with the DENR, the NCIPand all the LGUs concerned in the preparation and forging ofa MOA for the effective implementation of this Order.Registration of the STIFRMSP shall be issued with a JointImplementing Rules and Regulations jointly approved by the DENR,the NCIP, the concerned LGU and the head or duly authorizedrepresentative of the concerned ICC/IP. Section 10 specifies that theresource management within the registered STIFRMSP adhere to theestablished traditional leadership structure and practices. In particulara resource management plan will be prepared including collectiveagreements and commitments for natural resource protection andutilization.In effect, this framework as described sets up a co-managementgovernance mechanism for forests in the Cordillera. Co-managementwas recommended by NRMP 2 partly because new mechanisms weresought by community members in partnership with government and/or agencies to deal with new needs. For example, people requested forassistance for water impounding projects and water harvestingtechniques. Thus, it was proposed that there should be… agreements on governance procedures for forest management,between the DENR and the ili/community; between politicoadministrativeunits and socio-cultural settlements, i.e.,barangays, municipality and the ili; among households, kinshipgroups and dap-ays/wards; among competing resource usermendoza 25-52.pmd421/27/2010, 2:33 PM
Po licy Inno va tio ns a nd Effe c tive Ma na g e m e nt o f Fo re sts 43groups; among government agencies, non-governmentorganizations and community groups.This idea is similar to that stated in Section 2.2 as a specific objective:To institutionalize the consultative, collaborative effort andconsensus building processes between and among indigenoussocio-political institutions including its leadership system, localgovernment units (LGUs), the DENR, the NCIP and otherconcerned agencies/offices/organizations for the enhancementof appropriate indigenous practices of forest resourcesmanagement as a mechanism to be effected in the community asa whole.There are other provisions of the Joint AO which echo and coincidewith some recommendations based on the research findings of NRMP 2(see Mendoza 2006). For example, NRMP 2 used the ili as the AncestralDomain Unit to produce its Management Plan. Three such plans werecompleted for Fidelisan Ili, Central Sagada Ili and Barangay Ankilengof Sagada, Mountain Province.Section 8 of the Joint AO states that:The documentation process shall focus NOT (emphasis provided)on specific barangay levels but on traditional domainmanagement unit/s as a whole and should capture the integrativelandscape/ nature of the domain.Section 12.2 also makes reference to village and not onlymunicipality:There shall be organized a local management group to be handledby the Environment and Natural Resources Council (ENRC) atthe village or municipal level… (emphasis provided)Another was a recommendation to acknowledge the dynamismand evolution of traditional practices and indigenous knowledge(Mendoza 2006, 8). The Joint AO tasks the DENR to identify andrecommend enabling systems/schemes to promote indigenousknowledge/practices as an alternative approach and/or managementtool in forest ecosystem management in Section 5.1 (e).From this initial reading of the Joint AO, there is basis to concludethat the current policy framework which recognizes indigenous forestmanagement practices and formally recognizes the indigenous sociopoliticalstructures will thereby enable the local users and indigenouscultural communities to become partners in the management of forestresources in the Cordillera. However, the optimism for this improvedgovernance framework for forest management must be tempered by amendoza 25-52.pmd431/27/2010, 2:33 PM
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