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All crops and pastures need adequate boron for maximum nitrogen response (photo by Linda Kinsey.) Continued from Page 10 plants. Also, if phosphate is deficient in the soil, boron will not fill the seed or grain to the same extent as would normally be the case. Though some in plant genetics may disagree, once all the other needed nutrient levels are completely met for producing a desired corn yield, if boron is not kept above 0.80 ppm, the kernels will not fill out all the way to the tip of the cob. It is not plant genetics that cause this problem. In every case, once the nutrients that are lacking have been supplied, even the most “susceptible” varieties fill out completely. How many bushels of corn grain are lost due to that lack, even at ¼-inch of grain loss per cob per acre? As an all-too-common example, one corn farmer, new to the program, always had problems getting his corn to fill all the way to the tip of the cob. This farmer had low phosphate and deficient boron levels in his fields. We recommended both the needed phosphate and the boron. However, the farmer was convinced by his fertilizer dealer that his soils had adequate P levels and only needed a little starter P. This was also advocated to farmers in the area by the land grant university in the state. Though sufficient boron was supplied, the kernels at the tips of the cobs still did not fill out completely to the end because the soil lacked sufficient phosphate. When both are deficient, a primary element such as phosphate or potassium should be given the highest priority over any trace element, including boron. That same farm still uses our program. Once the needed P was supplied and the boron level continued to be maintained, the cobs began filling plump kernels of grain completely to the tip of each ear, and the yield increase from that extra grain is now an annual 30 to 40 more bushels of corn per acre. Nutrient Balance Soils need boron to maximize the size of fruit and seed crops. But this will not happen without adequate calcium. Calcium is necessary to get starch into crop leaves. Boron is needed to get the starch from the leaves to the fruit or the grain. If either is lacking, seed and fruit size will also be lacking. Consider again: this response will not happen without the proper minimum amount of calcium in the soil. And just having a “good soil pH” does not assure that calcium is adequate enough for the best crop response to boron. It is the soil saturation of calcium that determines how boron will help plants to respond in any soil. When the available Continued on Page 14 12 Organic Farmer December/January 2020
ISOMATE ® Mist NOW SCIENCE FOR SOLUTIONS Average NOW / Trap / Season 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Grower Standard ISOMATE Mist NOW Egg Replicated 4x - Chico, CA - 2019 in Traps 46% Reduction Pheromone 99% Reduction Navel Orangeworm Pheromone Mating Disruption Simple Deployment! - Almond Harvest 1 Mist Unit/Acre Use Rate 7 Average NOW Infested Nuts (%) 6 5 4 3 2 1 75% Reduction 225+ Days Pheromone Release 0 Grower Standard ISOMATE® Mist NOW Replicated 4x - Chico, CA - 2019 PACIFIC BIOCONTROL CORPORATION Jeannine Lowrimore Christeen Abbott-Hearn www.pacificbiocontrol.com Northern California Central California ISOMATE ® is a registered trademark of Pacific Biocontrol 209.603.9244 559.334.7664 December/January 2020 www.organicfarmermag.com 13
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