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WELCOME TO
OAHU
O
on
‘ahu known as “The Gathering Place”, is the third-largest
of the Hawaiian Islands. It is home to roughly one
million people—about two-thirds of the population of
the U.S. state of Hawaii. The state capital, Honolulu, is
O‘ahu’s southeast coast. Including small associated islands
such as Ford Island and the islands in Kāne‘ohe Bay and off the eastern
(windward) coast, its area is 596.7 square miles (1,545.4 km2), making it the
20th-largest island in the United States.
O‘ahu is 44 miles (71 km) long and 30 miles (48 km) across. Its shoreline
is 227 miles (365 km) long. The island is composed of two separate shield
volcanoes: the Wai‘anae and Ko‘olau Ranges, with a broad “valley” or saddle
(the central O‘ahu Plain) between them. The highest point is Ka‘ala in the
Wai‘anae Range, rising to 4,003 feet (1,220 m) above sea level.
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History
The island has been inhabited since at
least 3rd century A.D. The 304-yearold
Kingdom of O‘ahu was once ruled
by the most ancient ali‘i in all of the
Hawaiian Islands. The first great king
of O‘ahu was Ma‘ilikūkahi, the lawmaker,
who was followed by many generation
of monarchs. Kuali‘i was the
first of the warlike kings and so were
his sons. In 1773, the throne fell upon
Kahahana, the son of Elani of Ewa. In
1783, Kahekili II, King of Maui, conquered
O‘ahu and deposed the reigning
family and then made his son, Kalanikūpule,
king of O‘ahu. Kamehameha
the Great would conquer in the mountain
Kalanikūpule’s force in the Battle
of Nu‘uanu. Kamehameha founded the
Kingdom of Hawai‘i with the conquest
of O‘ahu in 1795. Hawai‘i would not
be unified until the islands of Kaua‘i
and Ni‘ihau surrendered under King
Kaumuali‘i in 1810. Kamehameha III
moved his capital from Lāhainā, Maui to
Honolulu, O‘ahu in 1845. ‘Iolani Palace,
built later by other members of the
royal family, is still standing, and is the
only royal palace on American soil.
O‘ahu was apparently the first of the
Hawaiian Islands sighted by the crew of
HMS Resolution on January 19, 1778,
during Captain James Cook’s third Pacific
expedition. Escorted by HMS Discovery,
the expedition was surprised to
find high islands this far north in the
central Pacific. O‘ahu was not actually
visited by Europeans until February
28, 1779, when Captain Charles Clerke
aboard HMS Resolution stepped ashore
at Waimea Bay. Clerke had taken command
of the ship after James Cook was
killed at Kealakekua Bay (island of Hawai‘i)
on February 14, and was leaving
the islands for the North Pacific. With
the discovery of the Hawaiian Islands
came the introduction of disease, mosquitoes,
and aggressive foreign animals.
Although indirect, the simple exposure
to these foreign species caused permanent
damage to the Native Hawaiian
people and environment.
The Imperial Japanese Navy’s attack on
Pearl Harbor, O‘ahu on the morning of
December 7, 1941 brought the United
States into World War II. The surprise
attack was aimed at the Pacific Fleet
of the United States Navy and its defending
Army Air Forces and Marine
Air Forces. The attack damaged or destroyed
twelve American warships, destroyed
188 aircraft, and resulted in the
deaths of 2,335 American servicemen
and 68 civilians (of those, 1,177 were
the result of the destruction of the USS
Arizona alone).
Today, O‘ahu has become a tourism and
shopping haven. Over five million visitors
(mainly from the contiguous United
States and Japan) flock there every
year to enjoy the island.
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HANAUMA
H
anauma is a marine embayment
formed within a tuff ring and located
along the southeast coast of
the Island of Oʻahu in the Hawaii
Kai neighborhood of East Honolulu,
in the Hawaiian Islands.
Hanauma is one of the most popular tourist destinations
on the Island and has suffered somewhat from
overuse. At one time, this popular tourist destination
accommodated over three million visitors per year. In
1956, dynamite was used to clear portions of the reef
to make room for telephone cables linking Hawaii to
the west coast of the US.
The word hana means bay in the Hawaiian language
(the usual addition of bay in its name is thus redundant).
There are two etymological interpretations
of the second part of its name. One interpretation
derives it from the Hawaiian word for curve, referring
to either the shape of the feature or to the shape
BAY
of the indigenous canoes that were launched there.
Another stems from the indigenous hand-wrestling
game known as “Uma”.
Hanauma is both a Nature Preserve and a Marine
Life Conservation District (the first of several established
in the State of Hawaiʻi). Reflecting changes
in attitude, its name has changed over time from
Hanauma Bay Beach Park to Hanauma Bay Nature
Preserve. Visitors are required by law to refrain from
mistreating marine animals or from touching, walking,
or otherwise having contact with coral heads,
which appear much like large rocks on the ocean
continued on page 8...
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...continued from page 6
floor (here, mostly seaward of the
shallow fringing reef off the beach).
It is always recommended to avoid
contacting coral or marine rocks as
cuts to the skin can result and neglecting
such wounds may bring
medical problems.
About 400 species of fish are known
to inhabit the bay. Hanauma Bay is
known for its abundance of Green sea
turtles, Chelonia mydas, known as
Honu. Hanauma is a nursery ground
for the immature turtles, which have
their nesting grounds at French Frigate
Shoals. It is also known for its
abundance of parrotfish.
Coral bleaching due to global warming
has affected the coral reefs in
Hanauma. In 2014 and 2015, 47% of
the corals at Hanauma Bay Nature
Preserve suffered from coral bleaching,
close to 10% of the corals in the
nature preserve died.
Due to the lack of fresh water in the
vicinity, the area was not inhabited,
although archeologists have found
fishing tools and other indications of
human presence there. The bay was
used as a recreational area by aliʻi
(Hawaiian nobility), including King
Kamehameha and Queen Ka‘ahumanu,
who fished, entertained visitors,
and sponsored games there. It was
also used as a layover and as a navigational
lookout point, since the waters
between Oʻahu and Molokaʻi are
at times difficult.
Hanauma Bay was purchased from
the Bernice Pauahi Bishop estate by
the City and County of Honolulu,
and subsequently opened for public
use. It was initially a favorite fishing
and picnic spot for residents who
were willing to travel out to the bay.
In the 1930s the road along Hanauma
Bay’s corner of Oahu was paved and
a few other amenities provided that
made it easier to visit the beach and
reef. After the 1941 attack on Pearl
Harbor, barbed wire was placed at
the beach and a bunker was constructed
for use by sentries. The Bay
area reopened after the war and became
even more visitor friendly after
blasting in the reef for a transoceanic
cable provided room for swimming.
Hawaii-themed films and television
shows, including Blue Hawaii, Paradise,
Hawaiian Style, Tora! Tora!
Tora!, Hawaii Five-O, and Magnum,
P.I., shot footage at the bay.
In 1967 it was set apart by the State
division of Fish and Game as a Marine
Protected Area, a term used generically
to describe any marine area
that had some or all of its resources
protected. In Hanauma Bay’s case
everything became protected, from
the fish to the reef, to the sand itself.
continued on page 10...
Name:
Created with TheTeachersCorner.net Word Search Maker
Solution
• ALESIA
• BARNES
• COMPASS
• HAWAII
• GROUP
• REALTOR
• BROKER
• BEYOND
• THE
• MIRROR
• OAHU
• LOCO
• MOCO
• DRIVE
• INN
• LINDA
• FULGENZI
• SOUTHWEST
• PACIFIC
• PARTNERS
• RAYMOND
• JAMES
• CATHY
• POSSEDI
• REAL
• ESTATE
• GREG
• STUDT
• FAMILY
• THERESIA
• WOLFF
• FIND
• HOME
• EXP
• PROFESSIONAL
• PICKET
• FENCE
• FLORIST
I T S I R O L F M P Y P G R O U P T F
F M I R R O R X P A S Q W L P K K T Z
T H E R E S I A K R W Q M L C F H J F
L D C H L Y L P P T O S U A O E L T S
I M N X A E N S E N R A B N M N O Q O
I E T O S U E R Q E X D H O P C C P U
A P X I M Z S S F R N N I I A E O D T
W G A A J Y T V M S E A G S S S B G H
A G S C A U A E F U V E A S S P V H W
H N F A M U T R H M I F A E O X J R E
R T L T E E E A K M R G D F W E S D S
R D R H S X O N S O D I T O G M N V T
O U L Y W K Y N Z C X A L R Q O N O D
T T E K C I P X W O L F R P Y H Q M D
L S D I Z N E G L U F E C E L D N I F
A K A C I F I C A P K R B L Y D T H R
E G R E G U Z O Q O Z Z N W Z M G E M
R W K X C M W S R X P C Y L I M A F Y
C A A D N I L B R C O W F R M L D P C
ALESIA BARNES COMPASS
HAWAII GROUP REALTOR
BROKER BEYOND THE
MIRROR OAHU LOCO
MOCO DRIVE INN
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SOLUTION ON PAGE 14
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...continued from page 8
A volunteer group set up a booth at the
beach and began teaching visitors about
conservation of the reef and fish who
lived there. More changes in the 1970s
by the City cleared more area in the reef
for swimming, made an additional parking
lot, and shipped in white sand from
the North Shore, leaving Hanauma Bay
increasingly more attractive to visitors.
By the late 1980s the bay had become a
major attraction on Oahu. Tourists were
brought in by the busload and sometimes
as many as 13,000 visitors descended on
the beach in one day. Most were uneducated
about the fragile marine ecosystem
and, unwittingly, “these crowds stirred
up sediment, disturbed and trampled
the coral and algae, dropped trash, fed
the fish and left a slick of suntan lotion
on the bay’s surface.” Consequently, the
beautiful multicolored coral reef closest
to the beach died; only its blackened
skeleton is visible today.
By 1990 overuse of the beach and surrounding
area was a real problem, with
visitors walking on the reef, swarming
the surrounding areas, parking on the
grass and on the sides of the road. Commercial
filming was banned during that
year. Measures were taken to limit use
and so visitor access was limited to the
parking lot, and when it was full everyone
after was turned away. In 1997, the
city of Honolulu levied an entrance fee
on non-residents of the state, leading to
a class action lawsuit by a visitor, which
was settled in favor of the city during
2004. Then in August 2002 the Marine
Education Center was opened at the entrance
to the bay, where still today new
visitors must watch a short film and receive
instruction about conservation of
the Bay’s resources. Upon watching the
film, visitors are allowed to sign a form
and skip any subsequent film if they
should return within the following 365
days.
Today Hanauma Bay sees an average of
3000 visitors a day, or around 90000 visitors
a month. The majority are tourists.
The bay is closed to tourists on Tuesdays
in order to allow the fish a day of feeding
without interruption by swimmers.
EXPLORING OAHU
MUST SEE LANDMARKS
1 Iolani Palace
The ʻIolani Palace was the royal residence of the rulers of the Kingdom
of Hawaii beginning with Kamehameha III under the Kamehameha
Dynasty (1845) and ending with Queen Liliʻuokalani (1893) under the
Kalākaua Dynasty, founded by her brother, King David Kalākaua. It is
located in the capitol district of downtown Honolulu in the U.S. state of
Hawaiʻi. It is now a National Historic Landmark listed on the National
Register of Historic Places. After the monarchy was overthrown in 1893,
the building was used as the capitol building for the Provisional Government,
Republic, Territory, and State of Hawaiʻi until 1969. The palace
was restored and opened to the public as a museum in 1978. The ʻIolani
Palace is the only royal palace on US soil.
2 King Kamehameha Statue
The pictured statue stands prominently in
front of Aliʻiolani Hale in Honolulu, Hawaii.
The statue had its origins in 1878 when Walter
M. Gibson, a member of the Hawaiian government
at the time, wanted to commemorate
the 100-year arrival of Captain Cook to the
Hawaiian Islands. The legislature appropriated
$10,000 for the project and made Gibson
the director of the project, which originally included
native Hawaiians but they soon were
off the project and Gibson ran the project by
himself. Gibson contacted Thomas R. Gould, a
Boston sculptor living abroad in Florence, Italy
to create the statue.
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3 Aloha Tower
4
Hawaii Maritime
Center
The Aloha Tower is a retired
lighthous e that is considered
one of the landmarks of the
state of Hawaii in the United
States. Opened on September
11, 1926, at a then astronomical
cost of $160,000, the Aloha
Tower is located at Pier 9
of Honolulu Harbor. It has
been, and continues to
be, a guiding beacon welcoming
vessels to the City
and County of Honolulu.
Just as the Statue of Liberty
greeted hundreds of
thousands of immigrants
each year to New York City,
the Aloha Tower greeted
hundreds of thousands of
immigrants to Honolulu.
At 10 stories and 184 feet
(56 m) of height topped
with 40 feet (12 m) of flag
mast, for four decades the
Aloha Tower was the tallest
structure in Hawaii. It
was built in the Hawaiian
Gothic architectural style.
The Hawaii Maritime Center was the principal maritime
museum in the State of Hawaii from 1988
until it closed in 2009. Located at Pier 7 of Honolulu
Harbor east of Aloha Tower, the center was
a campus of the Princess Bernice Pauahi Bishop
Museum. The Hawaii Maritime Center was built on
what once was the private boathouse of King David
Kalakaua and was home to the only four-masted,
full-rigged ship in the world called the Falls of
Clyde. The Falls of Clyde was built in 1878 for the
oil industry and is a National Historic Landmark.
Also docked at the Hawaii Maritime Center was the
voyaging canoe Hokulea, a scientific research vessel
of great importance to native Hawaiian culture.
Due to prevailing economic conditions, the Hawai’i
Maritime Center was closed to the public effective
May 1, 2009. In December 2017, the Bishop Museum
transferred its lease between the Maritime
Center and the State of Hawaii to a third party, and
ceased operating the Center. Plans for its future
are unknown.
5
Pearl Harbor
USS Arizona Memorial
The USS Arizona Memorial, at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii,
marks the resting place of 1,102 of the 1,177 sailors and Marines
killed on USS Arizona (BB-39) during the Japanese surprise attack
on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 and commemorates the
events of that day. The attack on Pearl Harbor and the island of
Oʻahu led to the United States’ direct involvement in World War II.
The memorial, built in 1962, is visited by more than two million
people annually. Accessible only by boat, it straddles the sunken
hull of the battleship without touching it. Historical information
about the attack, shuttle boats to and from the memorial, and
general visitor services are available at the associated USS Arizona
Memorial Visitor Center, which opened in 1980 and is operated by
the National Park Service. The battleship’s sunken remains were
declared a National Historic Landmark on May 5, 1989.
The USS Arizona Memorial is one of several sites in Hawaii and
elsewhere that are part of the World War II Valor in the Pacific
National Monument.
Design
The national memorial was designed by Honolulu architect
Alfred Preis who was detained at Sand Island at the start of the
war as an enemy of the country because of his Austrian birth. ]
The United States Navy specified the memorial be in the form of
a bridge floating above the ship and accommodating 200 people.
The 184-foot-long structure has two peaks at
each end connected by a sag in the center of the
structure. It represents the height of American pride
before the war, the nation’s sudden depression
after the attack and the rise of American power to
new heights after the war. Critics initially called the
design a “squashed milk carton”
The architecture of the USS Arizona Memorial is
explained by Preis as, “Wherein the structure sags
in the center but stands strong and vigorous at the
ends, expresses initial defeat and ultimate victory
... The overall effect is one of serenity. Overtones of
sadness have been omitted to permit the individual
to contemplate his own personal responses ... his
innermost feelings.”
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GOLF
GREAT OAHU COURSES
Hawaii Prince Golf Club
Call To Book Your Tee Time:
808.944.4567
91-1200 Fort Weaver Rd, Ewa Beach, HI 96706
www.hawaiiprincegolf.com
Ko Olina Golf Club
L
ocated on the Ewa Plain of
Oahu, Hawaii Prince Golf Club
offers stunning views of the
Call To Book Your Tee Time:
808.676.5300
92-1220 Ali’inui Dr , Kapolei, HI 96707
www.koolinagolf.com
T
he Ko Olina Golf Club has been
listed in Golf Digest’s “Top 75
Resort Courses in the U.S.” as
well as the “Top 100 Golf Shops” in America.
The course has been the host of the LPGA
Fields Open in Hawaii since 2006 and former
host of Senior PGA and LGPA Hawaiian
Open.
With state-of-the-art facilities that include
a putting green, grass driving range along
with a great short game practice area, you’re
sure to improve your game. The fully stocked
Golf Shop has everything and anything golflike.
Ko Olina Golf Academy
Waianae Mountains. Arnold Palmer and Ed
Seay designed the 27 holes at the club, incorporating
90 sand bunkers and 10 lakes
throughout.
The club offers three nines that are similar
but still maintain their own character. These
nines are played in three different 18-hole
combinations, one of which is C/A. This golf
course is considered the most challenging of
the three with water on 13 holes, sand bunkers,
and prevailing trade winds. There are
also several downhill and uphill lies lurking
throughout. One of the most difficult holes is
the second hole of the C course, a dogleg par-
4 with a lake on the left and several fairway
bunkers on the right. Formerly a sugar cane
field, the golf course has a lush, verdant landscape
with views of the Waianae Mountains.
Holes 18
Length 7117 yards
Type Resort
Slope 132
Par 72
Rating 74.4
For personalized instructions from PGA Professionals,
whether you are a novice or have
been playing for a while and just want to improve
your skills, check out the Ko Olina Golf
Academy.
Holes 18
Type Public/Resort
Par 72
Length 6815 yards
Slope 138
Rating 73.6
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Name:
Created with TheTeachersCorner.net Word Search Mak
Solution
• ALESIA
• BARNES
• COMPASS
• HAWAII
• GROUP
• REALTOR
• BROKER
• BEYOND
• THE
• MIRROR
• OAHU
• LOCO
• MOCO
• DRIVE
• INN
• LINDA
• FULGENZI
• SOUTHWEST
• PACIFIC
• PARTNERS
• RAYMOND
• JAMES
• CATHY
• POSSEDI
• REAL
• ESTATE
• GREG
• STUDT
• FAMILY
• THERESIA
• WOLFF
• FIND
• HOME
• EXP
• PROFESSIONAL
• PICKET
• FENCE
• FLORIST
I T S I R O L F M P Y P G R O U P T F
F M I R R O R X P A S Q W L P K K T Z
T H E R E S I A K R W Q M L C F H J F
L D C H L Y L P P T O S U A O E L T S
I M N X A E N S E N R A B N M N O Q O
I E T O S U E R Q E X D H O P C C P U
A P X I M Z S S F R N N I I A E O D T
W G A A J Y T V M S E A G S S S B G H
A G S C A U A E F U V E A S S P V H W
H N F A M U T R H M I F A E O X J R E
R T L T E E E A K M R G D F W E S D S
R D R H S X O N S O D I T O G M N V T
O U L Y W K Y N Z C X A L R Q O N O D
T T E K C I P X W O L F R P Y H Q M D
L S D I Z N E G L U F E C E L D N I F
A K A C I F I C A P K R B L Y D T H R
E G R E G U Z O Q O Z Z N W Z M G E M
R W K X C M W S R X P C Y L I M A F Y
C A A D N I L B R C O W F R M L D P C
ALESIA BARNES COMPASS
HAWAII GROUP REALTOR
BROKER BEYOND THE
MIRROR OAHU LOCO
MOCO DRIVE INN
LINDA FULGENZI SOUTHWEST
SIGN UP &
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EVERYDAY
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PACIFIC PARTNERS RAYMOND
JAMES CATHY POSSEDI
“Our Towns Deals”
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FENCE
FLORIST
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