Sommerville-Software-Engineering-10ed

760 Glossary
client–server architecture
An architectural model for distributed systems where the system functionality is
offered as a set of services provided by a server. These are accessed by client computers
that make use of the services. Variants of this approach, such as three-tier
client–server architectures, use multiple servers.
cloud computing
The provision of computing and/or application services over the Internet using a
‘cloud’ of servers from an external provider. The ‘cloud’ is implemented using a
large number of commodity computers and virtualization technology to make
effective use of these systems.
CMMI
An integrated approach to process capability maturity modeling based on the adoption
of good software engineering practice and integrated quality management. It
supports discrete and continuous maturity modeling and integrates systems and
software engineering process maturity models. Developed from the original Capability
Maturity Model.
COCOMO II
See Constructive Cost Modeling.
code of ethics and professional practice
A set of guidelines that set out expected ethical and professional behavior for
software engineers. This was defined by the major US professional societies (the
ACM and the IEEE) and defines ethical behavior under eight headings: public,
client and employer, product, judgment, management, colleagues, profession
and self.
Common Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)
A set of standards proposed by the Object Management Group (OMG) that defines
distributed component models and communications. Influential in the development
of distributed systems but no longer widely used.
component
A deployable, independent unit of software that is completely defined and accessed
through a set of interfaces.
component model
A set of standards for component implementation, documentation and deployment.
These cover the specific interfaces that may be provided by a component,
component naming, component interoperation and component
composition. Component models provide the basis for middleware to support
executing components.
component-based software engineering (CBSE)
The development of software by composing independent, deployable software
components that are consistent with a component model.