Use of MPLS in Mobile Backhaul Networks - Broadband Forum
Use of MPLS in Mobile Backhaul Networks - Broadband Forum
Use of MPLS in Mobile Backhaul Networks - Broadband Forum
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How does MMBI Address Tim<strong>in</strong>g?<br />
� The MMBI outl<strong>in</strong>es the follow<strong>in</strong>g methods for clock distribution<br />
over an IP/<strong>MPLS</strong> based backhaul network.<br />
– In RAN equipment with IP TNL (<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g LTE)<br />
� Packet based methods where the frequency reference is carried over<br />
packets (e.g., based on Network Time Protocol (NTP)) may be used to<br />
deliver frequency to address the frequency stability requirements <strong>of</strong><br />
the radio equipment.<br />
– For legacy TNLs, such as TDM and ATM<br />
� Dedicated tim<strong>in</strong>g stream implemented us<strong>in</strong>g a pseudowire may be<br />
used to carry the reference tim<strong>in</strong>g signal from the RNCs to the RAN<br />
equipment both for backhaul transport reliability as well as frequency<br />
stability requirements <strong>of</strong> the radio equipment<br />
� Other methods for distribut<strong>in</strong>g the reference tim<strong>in</strong>g signal to the<br />
RAN equipment <strong>in</strong>clude:<br />
– Synchronous Ethernet or IEEE 1588 v2<br />
– PDH/SDH transmission mechanisms used <strong>in</strong> the mobile access<br />
networks.<br />
– GPS is also widely used to support the strict synchronization<br />
requirements <strong>of</strong> TDD systems
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