toaz.info-mathematics-2-weber-kunkel-martinez-and-shultis-oxford-2018-pdf-pr_ec2d38046ecccf7e7d7ec6294557323e (4)

1
Ratios and
proportions
In this unit, you will use ratios and proportions to understand how
humans compete and cooperate with one another. However, ratios and
proportions can also be useful in other, surprising contexts. Things that
we often take for granted, like the fairy tales we heard growing up or
the politics that we hear about every day, can also be analysed and
understood through these important mathematical tools.
Fairness and development
Politics and government
There are many dierent forms of government, from monarchies to democracies to
republics. Democratic countries may use a parliamentary system of government or a
presidential one. What do these terms mean?
Is one system more representative of the citizens than another? Do the dierent
systems represent a country’s people equally, despite their dierences? What is the
ratio of representatives to citizens? Is this ratio the same in urban areas and rural
areas? Is it possible that some people have no representation at all?
2