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BENE Workshop<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>PSI</strong>/<strong>MEGAPIE</strong> <strong>target</strong><br />
F. Groeschel<br />
on behalf of the <strong>MEGAPIE</strong> team<br />
Department<br />
of Energy<br />
DESY - November 3, 2004 <strong>MEGAPIE</strong>-TEST<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/1
Department<br />
of Energy<br />
<strong>MEGAPIE</strong>-TEST<br />
Project Participation<br />
Design<br />
Target: SUBATECH; CEA<br />
EMPS: IPUL/RIGA<br />
Ancillary S.: <strong>PSI</strong>, ENEA, Ansaldo<br />
Manufacturing<br />
Target: ATEA, <strong>PSI</strong><br />
EMPS: IPUL<br />
Ancillary S.: <strong>PSI</strong>, CRIOTEC<br />
Testing<br />
Integral Test: <strong>PSI</strong><br />
Irradiation in SINQ<br />
PIE at <strong>PSI</strong>, CEA, SCK, JAERI,<br />
KAERI, LANL, ENEA<br />
Design Support: Safety & Reliability, Neutronics, <strong>The</strong>rmal Hydraulics, <strong>The</strong>rmal<br />
Mechanics, LM Technology, S/L Interface, Materials and Radiation Damage<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/2
<strong>PSI</strong> Accelerator<br />
Facility<br />
590 MeV, 1.8 mA<br />
CW proton<br />
accelerator<br />
575 MeV, 1.25 mA<br />
spallation neutron<br />
source<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/3
SINQ Spallation Neutron Source<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/4
SINQ Target Block with Cold Box and Top Shielding<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/5
<strong>The</strong> SINQ Moderator Tank<br />
Shielding (cooled)<br />
DO<br />
2<br />
Cold Neutron Port<br />
(+1535)<br />
HO<br />
2<br />
<strong>The</strong>rmal Neutron Port<br />
(+1350)<br />
(Intermediate Energy)<br />
Neutron Port<br />
(+1400)<br />
D-Suorce<br />
2<br />
Insertion Port<br />
(+1535)<br />
DO Reflector<br />
2<br />
<strong>The</strong>rmal Neutron Port<br />
(+1585)<br />
Target<br />
D Cold Moderator<br />
2<br />
Central Tube<br />
HO-Scatterer<br />
2<br />
Insertion Port<br />
(+1375)<br />
Neutron Guides<br />
(+1535)<br />
(Intermediate Energy)<br />
Neutron Port<br />
(+1350)<br />
Mod-Tank.cdr /27.9.99/GK87<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/6
SINQ and Target<br />
SINQ Target Block Solid Target<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/7<br />
DY,13.12.99<br />
A<br />
12<br />
9<br />
6<br />
C<br />
1<br />
14<br />
11<br />
8<br />
5<br />
3<br />
13<br />
10<br />
7<br />
4<br />
2<br />
B<br />
Proton Beam<br />
12.8<br />
22.08<br />
Rod Including samples<br />
A Hg Capsules<br />
B Pb-Bi Capsules<br />
C Pb-Bi Capsules<br />
1 Tensile, Fatigue, TEM<br />
2 Tensile, Fatigue, TEM<br />
3 Tensile, Fatigue, TEM<br />
4 Bend bar, Tensile, TEM<br />
5 Tensile, TEM<br />
6 CT, Tal-clad W, SiC SANS<br />
7 Bend bar, Tensile, TEM<br />
8 Fatigue, SANS, TAP<br />
9 Carbon fibre samples<br />
10 Bend bar, Tensile, TEM<br />
11 Charpy samples<br />
12 Charpy samples<br />
13 Charpy samples<br />
14 Charpy samples<br />
Note: <strong>The</strong> materials of the<br />
samples are Steel, Inconel<br />
Zircaloy mainly.<br />
<strong>The</strong>rmocouple
SINQ Target Irradiation Program<br />
Spallation Targets<br />
Fusion Materials<br />
Generation IV reactors<br />
Proton Beam<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/8<br />
DY,13.12.99<br />
A<br />
12<br />
9<br />
6<br />
C<br />
1<br />
14<br />
11<br />
8<br />
5<br />
3<br />
13<br />
10<br />
7<br />
4<br />
2<br />
B<br />
Rod<br />
12.8<br />
22.08<br />
Including samples<br />
A Hg Capsules<br />
B Pb-Bi Capsules<br />
C Pb-Bi Capsules<br />
1 Tensile, Fatigue, TEM<br />
2 Tensile, Fatigue, TEM<br />
3 Tensile, Fatigue, TEM<br />
4 Bend bar, Tensile, TEM<br />
5 Tensile, TEM<br />
6 CT, Tal-clad W, SiC SANS<br />
7 Bend bar, Tensile, TEM<br />
8 Fatigue, SANS, TAP<br />
9 Carbon fibre samples<br />
10 Bend bar, Tensile, TEM<br />
11 Charpy samples<br />
12 Charpy samples<br />
13 Charpy samples<br />
14 Charpy samples<br />
Note: <strong>The</strong> materials of the<br />
samples are Steel, Inconel<br />
Zircaloy mainly.<br />
<strong>The</strong>rmocouple
Exchange flask<br />
positioning base<br />
950<br />
SINQ <strong>target</strong><br />
main dimensions<br />
and clearances<br />
to surroundings<br />
MP_basic conceot.ppt<br />
Target<br />
transport<br />
sleeve<br />
Exchange flask gate valve<br />
Bottom of <strong>target</strong> storage pit<br />
max<br />
420<br />
440<br />
403<br />
212<br />
970<br />
570,5<br />
SINQ Target<br />
Highest hook position<br />
in exchange flask<br />
32<br />
2110,5<br />
4394<br />
103<br />
86,5 219 550,5<br />
4996,5<br />
Top of proton beam collimator<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/9
Gain in Neutron Yield<br />
Total<br />
Target Int.<br />
Cladding<br />
D2O<br />
Container<br />
-0.248<br />
- 1.23<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/10<br />
Net<br />
Neutrons per Proton<br />
Increase of >40% compared to current solid lead <strong>target</strong><br />
Pb/steel<br />
7.62<br />
- 0.113<br />
- 1.01<br />
- 0.044<br />
6.17<br />
LBE<br />
10.99<br />
- 0.232<br />
- 0.635<br />
- 0.401<br />
8.49<br />
E. Pitcher et al.: Icans-XVI, 2003
<strong>MEGAPIE</strong> Objectives<br />
An experiment to to be carried out in the SINQ <strong>target</strong><br />
location to demonstrate the safe operation of a liquid<br />
metal (LBE) spallation <strong>target</strong> of<br />
about 1 MW beam power.<br />
�Demonstration of feasibility for<br />
future ADS development<br />
�Increase neutron flux for SINQ<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/11
<strong>MEGAPIE</strong> Target<br />
Dimensions<br />
Length: 5.35.m Weight: 1.5 t<br />
LBE volume: 82 l Gas Volume: 2 l<br />
Design pressure: 16/10 bar Operating pressure: 0-3.2 bar<br />
Design Temperature: 400ºC Insulation Gas: 0.5 bar He<br />
Materials<br />
Lower Liquid Metal Container: T91<br />
Upper Container: 316L<br />
Lower Target Enclosure: AlMg3<br />
Heat Removal and Beam Window Cooling<br />
Deposited Heat: 650 kW<br />
Forced convection assisted by buoyancy<br />
Main pump: EM in-line pump (4l/sec)<br />
Bypass pump: EM in-line pump (0.35l/sec)<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/12
<strong>MEGAPIE</strong> Target Concept<br />
Liquid Metal Container<br />
• Upper Container (316L, Body of THX)<br />
• Lower Container with beam entrance window (T91)<br />
LBE Flow Control<br />
• Main Flow and Bypass Flow Guide Tubes<br />
• EMPS with inline Main Pump and Bypass Pump<br />
• Target Heat Exchanger<br />
Temperature Control<br />
• Central Rod with 20 kW Heater<br />
Outer Enclosure (2nd barrier)<br />
Target Head<br />
Upper <strong>target</strong> enclosure<br />
Lower <strong>target</strong> enclosure with beam entrance window (AlMg3)<br />
Large differential thermal expansion and high stresses due to thermal<br />
gradients (static and dynamic during beam trips)<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/13
Nuclear Assessment<br />
10 14<br />
Proton Flux, 1.74 mA <strong>The</strong>rmal Neutron Flux<br />
1400 10 11<br />
E
Heat Exchanger (Oil)<br />
10 i/s, 5.5 m/s<br />
140-175°C inside<br />
Mass Flow and Temperatures<br />
Main Pump<br />
4 l/s, 1.2 m/s<br />
380°C<br />
Guide Tube<br />
4 l/s, 0.33 m/s<br />
380°C<br />
Downcomer<br />
3.75 l/s, 0.33<br />
m/s<br />
230-240°C<br />
Beam Window<br />
380°C outside<br />
330°C inside<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/15<br />
L<br />
F<br />
F<br />
Heat Exchanger<br />
4 l/s, 0.33 l/s/pin<br />
0.46 m/s<br />
LBE 380-230°C<br />
Bypass Pump<br />
0.25 l/s, 0.2 m/s<br />
230°C<br />
Bypass Tube<br />
0.25 l/s, 1m/s<br />
230-240°C<br />
Nozzle 1.2 m/s<br />
Beam Window 1 m/s
Heat Deposition [MW/m**3]<br />
1000<br />
900<br />
800<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
<strong>The</strong>rmohydraulics – CFD simulations<br />
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35<br />
Material<br />
LBE<br />
Window<br />
T91 Hull<br />
Guide tube<br />
Total<br />
FLUKA<br />
[kW]<br />
705.8<br />
5.56<br />
2.68<br />
5.55<br />
719.6<br />
Height [m]<br />
CFX-4.3<br />
[kW]<br />
709.9<br />
5.28<br />
1.21<br />
6.03<br />
722.4<br />
1.74 mA<br />
FLUKA<br />
CFX-4.3<br />
Beam<br />
1.74 mA<br />
1.4 mA<br />
Maj. Axis<br />
= Bypass<br />
⊥ Bypass<br />
= Bypass<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/16<br />
LBE<br />
422.7<br />
424.1<br />
384.4<br />
T peak [C]<br />
Guide T.<br />
368.2<br />
363.1<br />
339.4<br />
C. Rod<br />
386.8<br />
389.5<br />
355.7<br />
Window<br />
370.2<br />
360.3<br />
342.5<br />
T. Dury, <strong>PSI</strong>, 2003
A. Zucchini, ENEA<br />
Stress Analysis<br />
63 MPa<br />
52 MPa<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/17
Rectangular<br />
Elliptical<br />
Robust Nozzle Geometry<br />
Velocity vectors in symmetry plane<br />
Extended<br />
Round<br />
Offset<br />
Vertical<br />
Verification in KILOPIE experiment (Infrared and HETSS)<br />
P. Roubin, CEA<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/18
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/19
Electromagnetic Pump System<br />
Main Pump Prototype Test<br />
� Confirmation of calculated peformance<br />
� No cavitation up to 8 l/s at 450ºC<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/20<br />
pressure, bar<br />
0.4<br />
0.3<br />
0.2<br />
0.1<br />
0.0<br />
Test Sect<br />
hydr resist<br />
calculation<br />
Test<br />
15A<br />
20A<br />
25A<br />
0 2 4 6 8 10<br />
LBE flowrate, l/s<br />
37A<br />
30A<br />
EMP,<br />
pressure<br />
calculation
Electromagnetic Pump System<br />
Strong distortions and corresponding<br />
Stresses due to differential thermal expansion<br />
of pump housing require complete redesign<br />
� Uncoupling of shells by bellows<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/21
Ancillary Systems and 2 nd Containment in TKE<br />
Second containment for<br />
ancillary systems with<br />
radioactive inventory<br />
He puffer gas < 0.9 bar<br />
Continuous monitoring<br />
Target with second enclosure<br />
Ar/He insulation gas
Diphyl THT Oil Loop<br />
• Design by Ansaldo<br />
• Manufacture and Assembly<br />
at CRIOTEC<br />
Intermediate Water Loop<br />
• Design by LIER<br />
• Manufacture and Assembly by<br />
Simulation by RELAP M/<br />
SIMULINK<br />
Heat Removal System<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/23
Coolant<br />
Flow rate, kg/s<br />
Simulation of Main-Pump Trip<br />
Main<br />
Flow<br />
LBE<br />
23.2<br />
New Steady State<br />
Reached at ~150 sec.<br />
Bypass<br />
EMP<br />
LBE<br />
2.43<br />
Oil<br />
Pump<br />
DTHT<br />
8.0<br />
Equilibrium Conditions after Transient:<br />
Coolant<br />
T Inlet , °C<br />
T Outlet , °C<br />
Water<br />
Pump<br />
Water<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/24<br />
8.0<br />
Hot<br />
LBE<br />
397.<br />
230.<br />
THX<br />
Cold<br />
DTHT<br />
161.<br />
197.<br />
W. Leung, <strong>PSI</strong><br />
Hot<br />
DTHT<br />
197.<br />
113.<br />
IHX<br />
Cold<br />
Water<br />
49.5<br />
67.1<br />
Hot<br />
Water<br />
67.5<br />
46.0<br />
SHX<br />
Cold<br />
Water<br />
30.0<br />
47.7
Integral Test<br />
Temperature transients of the a protected<br />
beam trip (a) nominal (b) 200kW<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/25
Cover Gas System<br />
Design completed by Ansaldo<br />
Manufacturing by Criotec<br />
Gas sampling<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/26
Inactive Fill&Drain System<br />
P&ID for<br />
test stand<br />
Designed by ENEA<br />
Manufacturing by<br />
Criotec<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/27
View of TKE<br />
HEAT REMOVAL<br />
SYSTEM<br />
TARGET HEAD<br />
SMALL BOX<br />
IGS:<br />
STEAM CONDENSER<br />
FILL & DRAIN<br />
SYSTEM<br />
COVER GAS<br />
SYSTEM<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/28
Beam Diagnostics<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/29
Licensing Process<br />
PSAR and Request for Licensing submitted Jun 2002<br />
Licensing Statement Nov 2004<br />
Clearance required for<br />
� Operation of Heat Removal System (HRS)<br />
� Operation of Gas System (CGS)<br />
� Inactive Operation and Testing of Target System<br />
� Dismantling and Transport to SINQ<br />
� Active Operation in SINQ<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/30
BAG Statement and Requirements<br />
Radiologic impact of operation according to PSAR is<br />
acceptable<br />
Definition of a enveloping reference accident case<br />
� Breach of <strong>target</strong>, oil circuit and moderator tank<br />
� Oil fire in STK � inertisation<br />
� Damage of <strong>target</strong> creates link between TKE and<br />
STK<br />
49 Prerequisites<br />
� Gas tight upgrade of TKE and STK as final barrier<br />
�Reduced source term<br />
�Reference dose < 1 mSv<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/31
Irradiation in 2006 is at reach<br />
2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 6<br />
D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J<br />
License BAG clearance request HRS CGS Inactive Active<br />
NAGRA Waste spec.<br />
HSK Transport spec. Hotlab spec.<br />
Clearance <strong>PSI</strong> Design Manual Update Reports<br />
Beamline Funnel/Geno Integration<br />
Catcher Commissioning<br />
VIMOS Integration Testing<br />
Slit Integration Testing<br />
Transmission<br />
STK/TKE Filters/Ventilation Concept Procurement Assembly Implementation<br />
Inertisation Procurement Implementation<br />
TKE Coolers Design Procurement Implementation<br />
Cables Implementation Implementation<br />
Piping Implementation Implementation<br />
2nd Enclosure Concept Design Procurement Implementation<br />
Shutdown Shutdown Shutdown<br />
SINQ SINQ Beam Diagnostics Tests Beam on<br />
Storage<br />
Control Com Com Test Integration Test Com<br />
MITS System WCL HRS F&D Target CGS Target<br />
HRS IWCL Ship <strong>PSI</strong><br />
ICL Test Ship <strong>PSI</strong><br />
Target Manufacturing Assembly Test Ship<br />
<strong>PSI</strong><br />
EMPS EMPS Assembly Test Ship<br />
EMPS Power/Electronic ATEA Ship<br />
<strong>PSI</strong><br />
F&D Syst ENEA/<strong>PSI</strong> Order Purchase Assembly Ship<br />
CGS Design Procurement Assembly Test Ship<br />
<strong>PSI</strong><br />
IGS Concept Design Procurement Assembly Test<br />
Handling MITS-SINQ Concept Design Wippe Manufacturing Test<br />
SINQ-Storage Design Design Manufacturing<br />
Storage-ZWILAG Concept Design Manufacturing Test<br />
ZWILAG Concept Design Manufacturing Test<br />
ZWILAG-HL Concept Design Design Manufacturing Test<br />
HOTLAB Concept Design Design Manufacturing Test<br />
Disposal Concept and Specification Update of Specs<br />
Paul Scherrer Institut • 5232 Villigen <strong>PSI</strong> BENE Workshop, DESY Nov. 2004 GF34/32
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