THE LINE CITY ذا لاين

NUM. 0050 AÑO 05 24 APRIL 2023

PRINCE MOHAMMED

BIN SALMAN

ANNOUNCES DESIGNS

FOR THE LINE.

T H E L I N E

“THE CITY OF THE FUTURE”

The Arabian Peninsula

ذا الين

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The Line City

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A 2016 report in Nature Climate

Change states that climate

change will make much of the

Arabian Peninsula too hot for

humans, pushing past limits of

adaptability by the end of the

twenty-first century. Not only will

air conditioners run at increasing

rates, but residents of the

region will also suffer from freshwater

scarcity. If they remain oil

-rich, states like Saudi Arabia

will manage to supply the necessary

electricity to keep indoors

temperatures cool, but

outdoor activities will become

nearly impossible in such intense

heat and humidity.

Images are courtesy of Neom

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The Line City

Conversely, if oil runs out or loses

its value, these countries might

no longer be able to afford such

infrastructural solutions, resulting

in what the report bleakly describes

as “premature death of the

weakest—namely elderly and

children.” As the report concludes,

“A plausible analogy of future

climate for many locations in

Southwest Asia is the current climate

of the desert of Northern

Afar on the African side of the

Red Sea, a region with no permanent

human settlements owing to

its extreme climate.”

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The Line City


In 2017, Saudi Arabia’s Mohammed Bin Salman announced

NEOM, envisioning a master-planned region

spanning 26,500 square kilometers—an area

comparable in size to the state of Massachusetts—

that would straddle Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan and

Israel. Situated in the Tabuk district in northwestern

Saudi Arabia, the free trade zone will contain three

separate cities housing nine million people by 2045:

Trojena, Oxagon, and the much-advertised The Line.

With a compound name that merges Greek word

“neo,” meaning “new,” and the Arabic word

“mustaqbal,” meaning “future,” NEOM supports the

Saudi Vision 2030, which lays out the country’s aspirations

for reducing its dependence on oil exports

and developing new sectors for generating wealth.

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ذا الين



The Line City


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ذا الين

In a context of uncertainty about the

political, economic, and environmental

future of the Arabian Peninsula,

marketing and promotional material

for NEOM plays a vital role, demonstrating

that Saudi Arabia will diversify

its economy away from fossil

fuels and overcome possible ecological,

social, and financial crises

with the help of new design solutions,

business models, and technological

innovations. In doing so, it

helps secure future legitimacy for

the country’s rulers, promising progress

and stability.



The Line City

HRH CROWN PRINCE MOHAMMED

BIN SALMAN ANNOUNCES DE-

SIGNS FOR THE LINE, THE CITY OF

THE FUTURE IN NEOM

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ذا الين



The Line City


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The Line is a human-centered futuristic

city concept created by NEOM in Saudi

Arabia. The project is considered a revolution

for traditional urban life and urban

planning. NEOM's name combines the

Greek word neos (νέος), or new, with the

Arabic word mustaqbal ,) or‏)مستقبل future.

The first blueprint for "The Line" was published

in January 2021 by Prince and

NEOM's Chairman of the Board, Mohammed

bin Salman.



The Line

NEOM, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,

July 25, 2022 – His Royal

Highness Mohammed bin Salman,

Crown Prince and Chairman

of the NEOM Board of Directors,

today announced the

designs of THE LINE, a civilizational

revolution that puts humans

first, providing an unprecedented

urban living experience

while preserving the surrounding

nature.

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ذا الين

In January last year, His Royal Highness launched

the initial idea and vision of the city that

redefines the concept of urban development

and what cities of the future should look like.



ذا الين

The designs of THE LINE embody how urban

communities will be in the future in an environment

free from roads, cars and emissions. It

will run on 100% renewable energy and prioritize

people's health and well-being over transportation

and infrastructure as in traditional cities.

It puts nature ahead of development and

will contribute to preserving 95% of NEOM’s

land.

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The Line City

ذا الين


The announcement reveals the most important

characteristics of THE LINE, which is only 200 meters

wide, 170 kilometers long and 500 meters above

sea level. THE LINE will eventually accommodate

9 million residents and will be built on a

footprint of 34 square kilometers, which is unheard

of when compared to other cities of similar capacity.

This in turn will reduce the infrastructure

footprint and create never-before-seen efficiencies

in city functions. Its ideal climate all year round will

ensure that residents can enjoy surrounding nature

when traveling on foot. Residents will also have access

to all facilities in THE LINE within a fiveminute

walk, in addition to a high-speed rail with an

end-to-end transit of 20 minutes.

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The Line City

ذا الين

HRH Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman said, “At

THE LINE’s launch last year, we committed to a civilizational

revolution that puts humans first based on

a radical change in urban planning. The designs revealed

today for the city's vertically layered communities

will challenge the traditional flat, horizontal cities

and create a model for nature preservation and

enhanced human livability. THE LINE will tackle the

challenges facing humanity in urban life today and

will shine a light on alternative ways to live.”

HRH added, “We cannot ignore the livability and environmental

crises facing our world’s cities, and

NEOM is at the forefront of delivering new and imaginative

solutions to address these issues. NEOM is

leading a team of the brightest minds in architecture,

engineering and construction to make the idea of

building upwards a reality.”

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The Line City

HRH continued, “NEOM will be a place for all

people from across the globe to make their

mark on the world in creative and innovative

ways. NEOM remains one of the most important

projects of Saudi Vision 2030, and our

commitment to delivering THE LINE on behalf

of the nation remains resolute.”

THE LINE offers a new approach to urban design:

The idea of layering city functions vertically

while giving people the possibility of moving

seamlessly in three dimensions (up,

down or across) to access them is a concept

referred to as Zero Gravity Urbanism. Different

from just tall buildings, this concept layers

public parks and pedestrian areas, schools,

homes and places for work, so that one can

move effortlessly to reach all daily needs

within five minutes.

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THE LINE

THE LINE will have an outer mirror facade that will provide

its unique character and allow even its small footprint

to blend with nature, while the interior will be built to create

extraordinary experiences and magical moments. It will

be created by a team of world-renowned architects and

engineers, led by NEOM, to develop this revolutionary

concept for the city of the future.

In order to change business as usual, the city’s design

will be completely digitized, and the construction industrialized

to a large degree by significantly advancing construction

technologies and manufacturing processes. The

announcement of THE LINE’s designs is a continuation of

NEOM’s progress in the development of its flagship projects

such as Oxagon, its reimagined manufacturing and

innovation city; and Trojena, its global mountain tourism

destination that will offer the Arabian Gulf’s first outdoor

skiing; as well as the launch of two of NEOM’s subsidiaries:

Enowa, its energy, water and hydrogen company;

and the NEOM Tech & Digital Company.

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The Line City

ذا الين


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PRINCE MOHAMMED

BIN SALMAN



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CHANGING THE FUTURE OF MANUFAC-

TURING

Moving beyond tradition to Industry 4.0

with state-of-the-art approaches. Driving

the circular economy, non-linear production,

integrated supply chains and research-based

innovation. A cleaner,

smarter and world-defining business

landscape.

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The Line City

ذا الين


The Line, pictured cutting through the

desert in the Tabuk region of Saudi

Arabia. Source: NEOM.

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ذا الين



The Line City

ذا الين


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ذا الين

The mega project is designed to

house 9 million residents within an

area of 34 square kilometers. Designed

so that residents can reach

all the facilities in a maximum period

of 5 minutes on foot. Through

a 20-minute journey, the city will also

be connected from end to end

by a high-speed train.



The Line City

ذا الين


By distributing the city's facilities

vertically, The Line aims to offer a

new approach to urban design, giving

people the ability to move in

three dimensions, up, down or

through the structure. This concept

is called zero gravity urbanism.

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The Line City

For its part, The Line will have a

mirrored façade on the outside,

while buildings, layers of public

parks, pedestrian spaces,

schools, houses and workplaces

will be built inside. The entire

urbanization will be zero network

and pollution-free. Bin Salman

mentions that within this

"there will be no roads, cars or

emissions, it will work with

100% renewable energy and

95% of the land will be preserved

for nature". NEOM's executive

director of urban planning,

Tarek Qaddumi, also points to

research into sustainable building

materials and methods.

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OXAGON

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A CITY IN NEOM, OXAGON WILL BE A

NEW PARADIGM WHERE PEOPLE, IN-

DUSTRIES AND TECHNOLOGY COME

TOGETHER IN HARMONY WITH NATURE



NEOM AND OXAGON

Developing the future of manufacturing is an important

part of NEOM: creating the region's leading zone

for advanced and clean industries, with cutting-edge

approaches like Industry 4.0 and the circular economy

helping to create the factories of the future.

In addition to driving the advancement of manufacturing

technology, this will also bring numerous benefits

to the broader ecosystem here, as it creates the opportunity

to attract innovative tenants that will generate

jobs and GDP.

A thriving manufacturing base in NEOM is a great opportunity

to enrich national and regional supply

chains that are resilient, with widespread access to

the Gulf Cooperation Council, African and European

markets.

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CLEAN, ADVANCED

MANUFACTURING.

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The advanced and clean manufacturing approach is

the way to support industrial companies on their path

towards manufacturing excellence, incorporating the

concepts of Industry 4.0 and the circular economy in

their production systems, so that they obtain a competitive

advantage. The 'advanced' part focuses on

the opportunities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution,

typically called Industry 4.0 or '4IR'. It is based on the

digitization and automation of the Third Industrial Revolution,

although this time it improves the interconnection

of machines and systems. In short, it is about

getting factories that self-adapt and optimize. The

'clean' part focuses on circularity, to create sustainable

factories and ecosystems. Companies focus on

reducing, recycling, reusing, and eliminating materials

at every stage of the design and manufacturing

process. Furthermore, we observe how individual

plants work together as a green ecosystem, supporting

each other where the outputs of one become the

inputs of another. That is what we call 'horizontal

symbiosis'.



OXAGON

Bringing together state-of-the-art approaches

of industry 4.0 and the circular

economy – to create factories of the

future for products of the future. This

will be a place where innovators and

entrepreneurs can accelerate ideas

from labs to market, and a city where

people come together to live, work and

play – in thriving communities.

Our fully automated next-generation

port will offer unparalled connectivity to

global markets, enabled by an integrated

physical and digital supply chain.

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REIMAGIN

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AR



Next-gen automated & integrated

port & supply chain

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A fostering ecosystem for

research & innovation



• Catalyst for advanced transformational industries

• Global gateway for world trade

• Powered by 100% clean energy

• Unmatched regulatory business environment

• Exceptional livability

• State-of-the-art investor care center

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OXAGON

The Oxagon project will be located on the shores

of the Red Sea, near the Suez Canal. Some

of the systems will turn out to be floating: this

will facilitate the logistics of manufactured

goods, both in the Suez Canal and through the

Red Sea in general.

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The project, personally supervised by

Mohamed bin Salman, will be the first

integrated production, port and airport

ecosystem with the possibility of building

international supply chains.



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Oxagon will be located on the edge of Neom, a newly created

region that will be 33 times the size of New York City, located

in the northwest of the kingdom. The centerpiece of

Neom is a smart city under construction of the same name.

Oxagon would be the largest floating structure in the world

and would house “the world's first fully automated port and

integrated logistics center.

The Red Sea is one of the world's busiest trade routes,

through which 10% of world trade passes each year.



Oxagon Detailed Masterplan

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Concept

The Line was designed for approximately 9

million residents and built a footprint of 34

square kilometers. The cost of the project is

$500 billion. Residents will have access to

all facilities by walking and a high-speed

train with 20-minute transit. The project was

designed with a model where residents can

reach the facilities they need by walking for

5 minutes.

Line's location is envisioned as a link between

the Red Sea coast and northwestern

Saudi Arabia.



The Line City

The Line is part of Saudi

Arabia's Vision 2030 plan.

Furthermore, NEOM said

that AI could monitor The Line

and find methods to improve

daily life using data

and prediction models.

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The Line would be powered by renewable energy.

According to bin Salman, the entire development

will be net zero and pollution-free. According to

NEOM, “Without roads, cars or emissions, it will

run on 100% renewable energy and 95% of the

land will be preserved for nature. Unlike traditional

cities, the health and well-being of people will be

prioritized over transportation and infrastructure.

Only 200 meters wide, but 170 kilometers long

and 500 meters above sea level."


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Structure

The images of the project show two

parallel constructions as walls that close

a space between them. According

to its planners, The Line will be clad in

a mirrored façade on the outside, giving

it a distinctive character. The interior

will be built to house buildings, layers

of public parks, pedestrian spaces,

schools, homes, and workplaces.

Urbanization develops horizontally, not

vertically like traditional urban planning

models.



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PRINCE MOHAMMED BIN

SALMAN

Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince of

Saudi Arabia and Chairman of the Board

of Directors of NEOM, said: "The designs

unveiled today for the city's vertically layered

communities will challenge traditional

flat horizontal cities and create a model for

the preservation of nature. and improved

human habitability. The Line will address

humanity's challenges in today's urban life

and shed light on alternative ways of living."



The Line City

According to NEOM's executive director of

urban planning, Tarek Qaddumi, NEOM

also researches sustainable building materials

and methods. His research continues

into what they can do to make a city

of 9 million people zero carbon.

The city will be powered entirely by 95%

renewable energy. It will consist of three

layers, one on the surface for pedestrians,

one underground for infrastructure and

another underground for transportation.

Artificial intelligence will monitor the city

and use data and predictive models to find

ways to improve the daily lives of its citizens,

and residents

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Distributing

By distributing the city's facilities vertically,

The Line aims to offer a new approach

to urban design, giving people

the ability to move in three dimensions,

up, down or through the structure. This

concept is called zero gravity urbanism.

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Zero Gravity

The developers refer to the concept

as “Zero Gravity Urbanism”.

Rising 500 meters above

sea level, this construction

means that the walls are planned

higher than many skyscrapers

such as the Empire State

Building. Urban life in "La Línea"

has a three-dimensional organization;

two derivatives of zerogravity

urbanism are hyperproximity

and hyper-mixed use.

The hyper-proximity city model

prioritizes multimodal transportation

over car-centric design.

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The “Zero Gravity

Urbanism

According to Tarek Qaddumi, the concept

of “Zero Gravity Urbanism” frees

us from the constraints of the ground

plane and the need to demolish it. The

“Zero Gravity Urbanism” model allows

us to locate nearby functions.

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This brings up a whole new realm of previously

complicated or unreachable adjacencies.

For example, a school can be a

museum.

Through this project, Saudi Arabia will

create 380,000 jobs and ad approx. $50 billion

to the country's GDP.


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Critics

The concept generally comes from critics

of traditional urban design and the

quality of life in big cities. As mentioned

above, the footprint of the project is 34

square kilometers. It means less than 4

square meters per person. NEOM calls

The Line's model a zero-carbon, green

city, but the scale and social goals raise

serious questions about what the

project can offer in its environment.

Experts in urbanism and design have

doubts about the sustainability and viability

of the project for today's civilization.

Can such a megastructure be zero

carbon with current technology?



Carbon Emissions

According to Philip Oldfield, Director

of the School of Built Environment

at the University of

New South Wales (UNSW), approximately

1.8 million tonnes

of carbon emissions will be

produced by the materials used

to build such a project. This is

more than the annual carbon

emissions of many European

countries. Unfortunately, with

today's technology, it is not

possible to make carbon zero

for a massive structure using

concrete, steel, and glass.

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The Line City



The Line City

Regarding biodiversity, the connection of

the project with the exterior is cut by mirror

walls of 500 meters. It's not good for the

environment (especially for animals) to have

huge parallel mirrors in the middle of

the desert, even if birds could fly in and

out.

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Furthermore, the city is defined horizontally.

However, it is perceived as a 170 kilometer

street with 500 meter high walls

and skyscrapers around it; maybe it is

horizontal as an urban model, but still,

the buildings are vertical.



The Line Oxagon Architects’ rendering

of Saudi Arabia’s futuristic Neom megacity.

Spanning the Red Sea, the desert

and mountains.Credit: NEOM Co.

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The Line

Redefined living

Surrounding this city,

there will be two gigantic

mirror walls, and it will be

located on the shores of

the Red Sea. "It will be a

destination and a home

for people who dream

big and want to be part

of a new model of exceptional

quality of life, prosperous

businesses and a

new way of protecting

the environment,".

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The futuristic city is part of Saudi Arabia's Vision

2030 Plan, which sets out the country's

aspirations to reduce its dependence on oil

exports and develop new sectors to generate

wealth. Through the diversification of its

economy, this plan plans to overcome ecological,

social and financial crises with the

help of new design solutions, business models

and technological innovations.

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The Line City

ذا الين


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Even with the uncertainty about its viability,

the construction of The Line has

already begun and has established dates

and deadlines. According to official

estimates, the project will generate

380,000 jobs and contribute $48 billion

to Saudi Gross Domestic Product

(GDP) by 2030.



NEOM

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In this way, NEOM embodies the progress

in the development of its most

emblematic projects: OXAGON, its

city of manufacturing and innovation

reimagined; and TROJENA, its global

mountaineering destination that will

offer the first open-air skiing in the

Arabian Gulf; as well as the launch of

two of NEOM's subsidiaries: ENOWA,

its energy, water and hydrogen company;

and the NEOM Tech & Digital

Company. According to NEOM's predictions,

by 2045, together they will

embody a 26,500 square kilometer region

that will stretch across Saudi Arabia,

Egypt, Jordan, and Israel.

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TROJENA

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"Trojena will have adequate infrastructure

to create the winter atmosphere in

the heart of the desert, to make these

Winter Games an unprecedented world

event," Neom CEO Nadhmi al-Nasr explained.



TROJENA

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Called Trojena, the development is

being designed by a team of architects

from around the world, including UK

firm Zaha Hadid Architects, Dutch

practice UNStudio, international firm

Aedas, German practice LAVA and

Australian firm Bureau Proberts.



TROJENA

98 Los qué Todos Leen Images are courtesy of Neom

The resort is being developed as part

of Neom, "will offer year-round open-air

skiing," being built some 50 kilometers

off the coast of the Gulf of Aqaba in a

mountainous area that has elevations

ranging from 1,500 meters to the 2,600

meters. It will be the first place in the

country where it will be possible to ski

outdoors.


TROJENA

The master plan was designed by LA-

VA, which also designed a tunnel-like

development described as a "vertically

folded futuristic village" by Neom.

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Adjacent to the village will be a manmade

freshwater lake designed by Bureau

Proberts, while Zaha Hadid Architects

"devised other elements of the

design," Neom said.



TROJENA

It will include a "vertically folded futuristic

village" Aedas is designing the ski

village itself, while UNStudio will create

a series of ski villages. In total, the development

will have more than 3,600

hotel rooms and 2,200 homes.

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.

The complex is one of 10 regions being

developed as part of the Neom region of

Saudi Arabia. It will be connected to The

Line megacity, which is being built as another

major component of the Neom development.



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