Ecological Overlay for the Trinity River for support of Development of ...

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Table 5. Continued. Species Trinity Status Known Hosts Stressors: Notes Threehorn Wartyback (Obliquaria reflexa) X June-August Various substrate, medium to large rivers, depths 2.5 cm to 1.2 m in standing water, can tolerate impoundment Louisiana Pigtoe (Pleurobema X 1 (TWAP- unknown riddellii) SC) Streams Southern Mapleleaf (Quadrula X May-August Wide range of sediment, apiculata) depths,and waterbodies, very shallow to 4.6 meters Western Pimpleback (Quadrula X July-August minimum rivers, streams and mortoni) reservoirs, 1 to 3 m deep Gulf Mapleleaf (Quadrula nobilis) X no data collected no data collected Deertoe (Truncilla truncate) X Freshwater drum May-July swift water, various substrate, 2.5 to 152 cm deep, flows of 457 cm/s, small to large rivers Threeridge (Amblema plicata) X White bass, green sunfish, bluegill June-August various substrates; drought sunfish, warmouth sunfish, white tolerant, water quality crappie, black crappie, largemouth tolerant, depth 2.5 cm to 1.5 bass, channel catfish, flathead m; velocities from 0 to 45.7 catfish cm/s Rock Pocketbook (Arcidens X (TWAP- American eel, gizzard shad, white Sept-June Various substrates, flows 6 confragosus) SC) crappie, freshwater drum, channel cm/s to swift, depths 10 to catfish 107 cm; medium to large rivers Washboard (Megalonaias nervosa) X Bowfin, gizzard shad, skipjack Sept-Feb and April-May large, low velocity rivers, herring, American eel, black mud or gravel, 0.3 to 22.4 bullhead, channel catfish, flathead catfish, tadpole madtom, white bass, bluegill sunfish, largemouth bass, white crappie, black crappie, freshwater drum meters deep Bankclimber (Plectomerus dombevanus) X July ditches, lowland rivers, various substrates, moderate to sluggish currents Pistolgrip (Tritogonia verrucosa) X typical of oxygen rich riffles and runs Round Pearlyshell (Glebula rotundata) X March-October slow moving bayous, can occur In estuaries at low salinities, Sandbank Pocketbook (Lampsilis satura) X 1 (TWAP- SC) unknown Bleufer (Potamilus purpuratus) X Freshwater drum Potentially year round small to large rivers, gravel and sand bottoms, swift currents 6.1 to 6.5 m depths Deep water streams or quiet pools with mud bottoms, large and small reservoirs or streams and rives with slow to moderate current, mud or gravel 0.5 to 3.0 m. Louisiana Fatmucket (Lampsilis hydiana) X Longear sunfish (possible) May to August at minimum Various substrate, low flow or backwater areas; rivers, streams and reservoirs Yellow Sandshell (Lampsilis teres) X Longnose gar, alligator gar, green sunfish, orangespotted sunfish, largemouth bass, black crappie, white crappie, warmouth sunfish Pond Mussel (Ligumia subrostrata) X June-August at minimum Crustacean: Macrobrachium ohione (Ohio shrimp) X March to August April-November dewatering; actively follow flood flow onto land, then retreat back as flows return to channel; various substrates, warm water and various substrates and flows; 5.1 to 106.7 cm deep, shallow ponds, oxbox, sloughs and streams inhabits main stem rivers; migratory species Sources: Pers. Comm. Clint Robertson TPWD; Marsha May TPWD Texas Mussel Watch; (Bender et al. 2005; Howells 2009; Howells et al. 1996) X = Recent Occurrences (within last 30 years); Status: TWAP-SC = Species of Concern, TPWD Texas Wildlife Action Plan 2005 1 = State Rank (S1) – Critically imperiled, extremely rare, very vulnerable to extirpation, 5 or fewer occurrences 2 = State Rank (S2) – Imperiled in state, vulnerable to extirpation, 6 to 20 occurrences 3 = Proposed for Federal Listing 35 Environmental Institute of Houston November 17, 2009 Trinity River Basin Biological Overlay
Freshwater mussels represent a unique assemblage of organisms since many species have become endangered at the state or federal levels in areas where streams or lakes have experienced rapid changes in flows and/or water levels. For example, dewatering practices that have been historically used for nuisance vegetation control have often led to local extirpation (Howells 2009). Freshwater mussels are also very sensitive to low ammonia levels and therefore may have been severely impacted in the watershed below Dallas Forth Worth during the 1960- 1980s due to poor water quality associated with partially treated sewage ((Augspurger et al. 2007; Augspurger. et al. 2003). Many of these mussels have documented larval parasitic glochidia stages that utilize various host fish species found in the Trinity River. These larvae attach to the body of the fish or gills until they metamorphose into benthic juveniles. Hence, reductions in the numbers of their host fish species can indirectly and negatively impact mussels. Therefore their population viability in many cases is tied to the viability of their host fish populations. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department has designated no harvest mussel sanctuary areas in the State. A sanctuary has been designated on the Trinity River along Houston, Leon, Madison, and Trinity, Walker counties at its upper boundary at the intersection with State Highway and at the lower boundary with the State Highway 19 (Figure 4). TPWD also suggested including Macrobrachium ohione, river prawn, which undergoes spawning migrations to estuaries and may be effected by instream flow conditions (Bauer and Delahoussaye 2008). Aquatic invertebrates are considered excellent sentinel organisms due to their limited mobility and in some cases sensitivity to variations in flow regimes and water quality (Barbour et al. 1999; Rosenberg and Resh 1993). However, with the exception of freshwater mussels, information on the distribution and long-term trends in these populations are very limited (Howells 2009; Howells et al. 1996). Although not mentioned by the TPWD biologists who were consulted, there are several other invertebrate and vertebrate species of concern listed in their Texas Wildlife Action Plan that may occur within the Trinity River basin (Bender et al. 2005). These additional species are listed in Table 6. With the exception of Blue sucker Cycleptus elongates and Creek chubsucker Erimyzon oblongus all the listed species were designated species of concern. Blue sucker and Creek chubsucker are on the state threatened species list. The State of Texas has in recent years moved to protect some species of turtles due to concerns with excessive commercial harvesting. (TPWD (Texas Parks and Wildlife) 2008). River turtles are currently potentially sensitive to changes in river hydrology. Most river turtles live in higher order systems often characterized by high flows (Ernst and Lovich 2009; Moll and Moll 2004). Many species nest on sand banks during late spring and summer and are therefore potentially sensitive to unexpected flood flows. Alligator snapping turtle is the only state threatened species of reptiles or amphibians in the piney woods ecosystem that is likely to be found in the Trinity River basin (Bender et al. 2005). 36 Environmental Institute of Houston November 17, 2009 Trinity River Basin Biological Overlay
Page 1 and 2: Ecological Overlay for the Trinity
Page 3 and 4: Alligator Gar .....................
Page 5 and 6: List of Figures Figure 1. Distribut
Page 7 and 8: Figure 40. Long terms trends in dis
Page 9 and 10: Figure 78. Flow versus fall water t
Page 11 and 12: Figure 114. Flow versus winter wate
Page 13 and 14: Figure 154 . Distribution of focal
Page 15 and 16: community to determine if they can
Page 17 and 18: Background Senate Bill 3 (SB 3), pa
Page 19 and 20: 5. Base flows should be identified
Page 21 and 22: Methodology Hydrology Summary In or
Page 23 and 24: Figure 2. Distribution of USGS prio
Page 25 and 26: Figure 3. Location of TCEQ/CRP wate
Page 27 and 28: We also provided estimates of draft
Page 29 and 30: Table 3. Continued OUR BONNNER Hend
Page 31 and 32: Table 4. Biological codes used in t
Page 33 and 34: Figure 4. Location of historical in
Page 35: Table 5. Candidate focal invertebra
Page 39 and 40: Results Hydrology Summary Graphical
Page 41 and 42: Figure 7. Monthly mean and 95% conf
Page 43 and 44: The remaining priority gages, altho
Page 45 and 46: Flow Rate (cfs) 45,000 40,000 35,00
Page 47 and 48: Flow Rate (cfs) 150,000 140,000 130
Page 49 and 50: Daily Average Discharge (cfs) 16000
Page 51 and 52: Daily Average Discharge (cfs) 14000
Page 53 and 54: 52 Environmental Institute of Houst
Page 57 and 58: Flow Rate (cfs) 105,000 100,000 95,
Page 61 and 62: Table 8. Preliminary list of 7Q2 es
Page 63 and 64: within the basin during 1968 throug
Page 65 and 66: Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) 12 10 8 6 4
Page 67 and 68: Using historical USGS data we prepa
Page 69 and 70: 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 Water Temp. (
Page 71 and 72: D.O. (mg/L) Grand Prairie Instantan
Page 73 and 74: USGS Gage at Grand Prairie Instanta
Page 75 and 76: Phosphate unfltrd mg/L 9 8 7 6 5 4
Page 77 and 78: Temp. deg C Rosser Instantaneous Di
Page 79 and 80: D.O. mg/L Rosser Instantaneous Disc
Page 81 and 82: 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Period of Re
Page 83 and 84: NO3 unfltrd mg/L as N 20 15 10 5 0
Page 85 and 86: Trinity River at Trinidad (08062700
Page 87 and 88:
Temp. deg C Trinidad Instantaneous
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D.O. mg/L Trinidad Instantaneous Di
Page 91 and 92:
NO3 + NO2 unflt rd mg/ L as N 10 8
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Phosphate unfltrd mg/L 12.5 10.0 7.
Page 95 and 96:
Trinity River at Crockett (08065350
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Temp. deg C USGS Gage at Crockett I
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USGS Gage at Crockett Instantaneous
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NO3 + NO2 unflt rd mg/ L as N 8 7 6
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Phosphate unfltrd mg/L 4 3 2 1 0 0
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Trinity River at Romayor (08066500)
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cfs 20000 15000 10000 5000 Annual M
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Temp. ( C ) Romayor Instantaneous D
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D.O. (mg/L) Romayor Instantaneous D
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USGS Gage at Romayor Instantaneous
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USGS Gage at Romayor Instantaneous
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Loading estimates for total nitroge
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TSS (mg/l) 250 200 150 100 50 0 080
Page 121 and 122:
Suspended solids and associated tur
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The USGS conducted fish-community s
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Figure 135. Discharge and differenc
Page 127 and 128:
Figure 136. Historical Estimates of
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Figure 139. Comparisons between tot
Page 131 and 132:
Figure 143. Location of geomorpholo
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(Phillips 2008) defined these zones
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A strongly meandering channel in a
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Bay estuary, and Galveston bay. Som
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above the estuary. The capacity of
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Figure 145. Location of published a
Page 143 and 144:
Figure 147. Numbers of fish taxa re
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Estimated River Mile 600 500 400 30
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substratum and nest spawners. The f
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Table 11. Original fish community g
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Table 12. Suggested changes and del
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Similarity Fish Guilds Based on Clu
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Table 13. Continued. SPECIES COMMON
Page 157 and 158:
Table 13. Continued. SPECIES COMMON
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Flow (cfs) 20 15 10 5 0 0 Distribut
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Year of Collection 2010 2000 1990 1
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Figure 159. Spatial distribution of
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Largemouth bass are found in lakes,
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Figure 165. Largemouth bass (backwa
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A habitat suitability index (HSI) m
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Page 179 and 180:
Percina sciera (dusky darter) Based
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Figure 171. Frequency distribution
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Page 185 and 186:
Figure 173. Conceptual structure fo
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Table 14. Summary of life history r
Page 189 and 190:
Figure 174. Conceptual structure fo
Page 191 and 192:
Figure 176. Smallmouth buffalo (flo
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Table 15. Example of habitat Guilds
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average chlorophyll-a levels are fl
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Appendix 1. Listing of Primary Lite
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Priegel, G.R. 1967b. The freshwater
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Goldstein, R.M., and T.P. Simon. 19
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Suttkus, R.D. 1963. Order Lepisoste
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Perry W. G., Jr., and D. C. Carver.
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Hildebrand S. F. and I. L. Towers.
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
White Bass Balon, E. K. 1981. Addit
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Blackspot Shiner Bean, P.T., C.S. W
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Evans, J.W., and R.L. Noble. 1979.
Page 219 and 220:
Paddlefish Alexander, C.M., and T.A
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Pitman, V.M. 1992. Texas Paddlefish
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Literature Cited Abbott, J. C. 2006
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Clingenpeel, G. 2002. Trinity Basin
Page 227 and 228:
Houston Advanced Research Center. 2
Page 229 and 230:
Longley, W. L., editor. 1994. Fresh
Page 231 and 232:
Simon, T. P. 1999b. Introduction: B
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