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101. Chen Y, Lenert P, Weeratna R, McCluskie M, Wu T, Davis HL, Krieg AM. Identification of methylated CpG motifs as inhibitors of the immune stimulatory CpG motifs. Gene Ther. 2001 Jul;8(13):1024-32. 102. Liaudet L, Mabley JG, Pacher P, Virag L, Soriano FG, Marton A, Hasko G, Deitch EA, Szabo C. Inosine exerts a broad range of antiinflammatory effects in a murine model of acute lung injury. Ann Surg. 2002 Apr;235(4):568-78. 103. Hasko G, Kuhel DG, Nemeth ZH, Mabley JG, Stachlewitz RF, Virag L, Lohinai Z, Southan GJ, Salzman AL, Szabo C. Inosine inhibits inflammatory cytokine production by a posttranscriptional mechanism and protects against endotoxininduced shock. J Immunol. 2000 Jan 15;164(2):1013-9. 104. Marton A, Pacher P, Murthy KG, Nemeth ZH, Hasko G, Szabo C. Anti-inflammatory effects of inosine in human monocytes, neutrophils and epithelial cells in vitro. Int J Mol Med. 2001 Dec;8(6):617-21. 105. Galietta LJ, Pagesy P, Folli C, Caci E, Romio L, Costes B, Nicolis E, Cabrini G, Goossens M, Ravazzolo R, Zegarra- Moran O. IL-4 is a potent modulator of ion transport in the human bronchial epithelium in vitro. J Immunol. 2002 Jan 15;168(2):839-45. 106. Galietta LJ, Folli C, Caci E, Pedemonte N, Taddei A, Ravazzolo R, Zegarra-Moran O. Effect of inflammatory stimuli on airway ion transport. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2004;1(1):62-5. 107. Banchereau J, Defrance T, Galizzi JP, Miossec P, Rousset F. Human interleukin 4. Bull Cancer. 1991;78(3):299-306. 108. Elenkov IJ, Chrousos GP. Stress hormones, proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, and autoimmunity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Jun;966:290-303. 109. Hamilton TA, Ohmori Y, Tebo J. Regulation of chemokine expression by antiinflammatory cytokines. Immunol Res. 2002;25(3):229-45. 110. Lucey DR, Clerici M, Shearer GM. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in human infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1996 Oct;9(4):532-62. 111. Maggi E. The TH1/TH2 paradigm in allergy. Immunotechnology. 1998 Jan;3(4):233-44. 112. Ngoc PL, Gold DR, Tzianabos AO, Weiss ST, Celedon JC. Cytokines, allergy, and asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005 Apr;5(2):161-6. SUBSCRIBE TO THE LEADING JOURNAL ON NUTRACEUTICAL SCIENCE TODAY! The Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association (JANA) To subscribe: Phone 800-566-3622 (outside the USA, 205-833-1750), or visit www.ana-jana.org 22 JANA Vol. 9, No. 1, 2006
C L I N I C A L R E S E A R C H JANA Vol. 9, No. 1, 2006 Phytonutrients May Decrease Obstetric Complications: A Retrospective Study Presented at the 70th Annual Meeting of the Central Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, October 2003, San Diego, California C. Doug Odom, MD, 1 Suneet P. Chauhan, MD, 2* Everett F. Magann, MD, 2** Rick W. Martin, MD, 2 Carl H. Rose, MD, 2*** John C. Morrison, MD 2++ 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mississippi Baptist Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi (CDO) 2. University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi ++ Correspondence: John C. Morrison, MD Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology University of Mississippi Medical Center 2500 North State Street Jackson, Mississippi 39216-4505 Phone: 601-984-5350 Fax: 601-984-5378 E-mail: jmorrison@ob-gyn.umsmed.edu *Present address: Aurora Women’s Pavilion, West Allis, Wisconsin **Present address: Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, Virginia ***Present address: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York ABSTRACT Objective Comparison of post-delivery pregnancy outcome variables in women who either did or did not add to their daily diet a concentrated, encapsulated fruit and vegetable juice powder (FVJP) along with standard prenatal vitamins during gestation. Design Retrospective descriptive analytic comparison of charted singleton pregnancy outcome variables at delivery. Setting Private obstetrics and gynecology practice in Jackson, Mississippi. Subjects The pregnancy outcome information was collected from 356 pregnant women, half of whom added FVJP to their standard prenatal care. Measures of Outcome Documented obstetric complications by medical staff at the time of delivery. Results Women who added FVJP to their prenatal regimen had fewer Cesarean deliveries (47% vs 66%), no delivery before 37 weeks (0 vs 20%), and no diagnosis of preeclampsia (0 vs 21%) compared to women who did not. Conclusions The findings of this retrospective chart review suggest that adding nutrition from FVJP to standard prenatal vitamin use may reduce the incidence of some obstetric complications. More study is needed to confirm these observations. INTRODUCTION Current nutritional recommendations for pregnant women are based on the USDA Food Guide Pyramid and include four servings of vegetables and three servings of fruit, daily. 1 However, only 20.6% of women surveyed in 23
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