JANA Vol 9 #1 - American Nutraceutical Association

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Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association EDITORIAL STAFF EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Mark Houston, MD ASSOCIATE EDITORS Bernd Wollschlaeger, MD Lisa Colodny, PharmD Niki Sepsas TECHNICAL EDITOR Jane Lael Terri Erickson ART DIRECTOR Gary Bostany EDITORIAL BOARD Jordan R.Asher, MD, MsMM, SCH Ethan Basch, MD, MPhil Jan Basile, MD Russell Blaylock, MD Hyla Cass, MD Lisa Colodny, PharmD, BCNSP Loren Cordain, PhD Jeanette Dunn, EdD, RN, CNS Brent Eagan, MD Christopher M. Foley, MD Michael Glade, PhD Clare M. Hasler, PhD, MBA Ralph Hawkins, MD Robert Krueger, PhD Daniel T. Lackland, PhD Garth L. Nicolson, PhD Mark J.S. Miller, PhD Robert Rountree, MD Diana Schwarzbein, MD Catherine Ulbricht, PharmD Walter Willett, MD, DrPH Bernd Wollschlaeger, MD _____________________________ American Nutraceutical Association 5120 Selkirk Drive, Suite 100 Birmingham,AL 35242 Phone: (205) 980-5710 Fax: (205) 991-9302 Website: www.Ana-Jana.org CEO & PUBLISHER Allen Montgomery, RPh ANA is an alliance of individuals with interest in nutraceutical science, technology, marketing and production. It was established to develop and provide educational materials and continuing education programs for health care professionals on nutraceutical technology and science. ANA publishes a E-newsletter, The Grapevine, and the Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association (JANA). _____________________________ The Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association (ISSN-1521-4524) is published four times annually by the American Nutraceutical Association (ANA). Send all inquiries, letters, and submissions to the ANA Editorial Department at 5120 Selkirk Drive, Suite 100, Birmingham, AL 35242. Contents © 2006 ANA, all rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Reproduction in whole or part is not permitted without written permission. It is the responsibility of every practitioner to evaluate the appropriateness of a particular opinion in the context of actual clinical situations. Authors, editors, and the publisher cannot be held responsible for any typographical or other errors found in this journal. Neither the editors nor the publisher assume responsibility for the opinions expressed by the authors. Cover Photograph-Sierra Productions, Irvine, CA. Contents – JANA Vol. 9, No.1, 2006 P E R S P E C T I V E A R T I C L E Nutritional Genomics: From Basic Science to Clinical Application ..............................1 Bernd Wollschlaeger, MD, FAAFP The Physiological and Psychological Effects of Animal Therapy: Examining the Healing Power of Animals .... 7 Niki Sepsas, Allen Montgomery, RPh R E V I E W A R T I C L E Microdose DNA for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Otitis Media ......................13 Stephen W. Mamber, PhD, John McMichael, PhD C L I N I C A L R E S E A R C H Phytonutrients May Decrease Obstetric Complications: A Retrospective Study ................................................................23 C. Doug Odom, MD, Suneet P. Chauhan, MD, Everett F. Magann, MD, Rick W. Martin, MD, Carl H. Rose, MD, John C. Morrison, MD Pilot Study: Flaxseed Supplementation Was Effective in Lowering Serum Glucose and Triacylglycerol in Glucose Intolerant People ..........................................................28 Yeong Rhee, PhD, Ardith Brunt, PhD To subscribe to JANA phone 800-566-3622, outside USA 205-833-1750. _____________ To order reprints of articles, or additional copies of JANA, contact: Allen Montgomery, RPh 5120 Selkirk Drive, Suite 100, Birmingham,AL 35242 Phone 205-980-5710 Fax 205-991-9302 E-mail: allenm@ana-jana.org Website: www.ana-jana.org
P E R S P E C T I V E A R T I C L E Nutritional Genomics: From Basic Science to Clinical Application During the entire history of medicine humans have known that hereditary factors affect health and determine the occurrence of certain diseases. Hereditary connections between parents and children were apparent, but the mechanisms were not readily understood. Only about 150 years ago an Austrian monk, Gregor Mendel, developed the fundamental principles that would become the modern science of genetics. Mendel demonstrated that heritable properties are located on discrete units, and are independently inherited. These "units" eventually were called genes. Half a century ago, Watson and Crick discovered the structure of DNA and its function in encoding and transcribing genetic information. In 2003, after a monumental effort spanning over 13 years, the Human Genome Project (HGP) was completed, mapping the entire 3.1 gigabase of the DNA sequence. The data indicated that the human genome contains 30,000 to 35,000 genes, 1 but only about half these genes have recognizable DNA-sequence patterns that suggest possible functions. It is now also apparent that through the mechanism of alter- JANA Vol. 9, No. 1, 2006 Bernd Wollschlaeger, MD, FAAFP* Clinical Assistant Professor – Department of Family Medicine & Medicine University of Miami School of Medicine Associate Editor, Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association AMA Delegate and Chair, AMA International Medical Graduates (IMG) Governing Council * Correspondence: Bernd Wollschlaeger, MD, FAAFP Aventura Family Health Center 16899 NE 15th Ave North Miami Beach, FL 33162-2914 Phone: 305-342-2522 Email: info@miamihealth.com This article is an excerpt from a book written by the author, scheduled to be published and released in July 2006 native splicing2 more than 100,000 proteins can be derived from these 30,000 to 35,000 genes, contradicting once prevailing dogma that one gene makes one protein. Furthermore, we previously assumed that a complex array of molecular signals allows specific genes to be "turned on" (expressed) or "turned off" in specific tissues and at specific times and that not all genes reside on nuclear chromosomes. 3 Several dozen genes are located on the mitochondrial chromosome. Since ova are rich in mitochondria and sperm are not, mitochondrial DNA is usually inherited from the mother. An important characteristic of the human genome is that most individuals share over 99.9 percent of their DNA sequences. 4 However, given the more than 3 billion base pairs that constitute the human genome, this also means that the DNA sequences of two unrelated humans vary at millions of bases. These variants are commonly referred to as "single-nucleotide polymorphisms" (SNPs), and these specific genotypic variations correlate with specific phenotypic variations with often significant impact on health and the development of disease. SNPs, also called "snips," can be compared to typographical errors occurring in a word (i.e. gene) that may change the entire meaning of the sentence (i.e. protein) containing that word. For a variation to be considered a SNP, it must occur in at least 1% of the population. SNPs, which make up about 90% of all human genetic variations, occur every 100 to 300 bases along the 3-billion-base human genome. Two of every three SNPs involve the replacement of cytosine (C) with thymine (T). 1
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JANA Vol 9 #1 - American Nutraceutical Association

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