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FUSION<br />
SCIENCE • TECHNOLOGY • ECONOMICS • POLITICS<br />
Vol. 8, No. 5 September-October 1986<br />
Features<br />
19 <strong>Louis</strong> <strong>Pasteur</strong>: Father <strong>of</strong> Today's Optical Biophysics<br />
by Warren ]. Hamerman<br />
<strong>Pasteur</strong>'s geometric approach to biology—in the tradition <strong>of</strong> Cusa,<br />
Leonardo da Vinci, Kepler, and Leibniz—is the foundation <strong>of</strong> today's<br />
(and tomorrow's) frontier area <strong>of</strong> optical biophysics.<br />
32 Back to the Moon and On to Mars!<br />
by Marsha Freeman<br />
<strong>The</strong> Commission on Space sets a national goal: A 50-year mission to<br />
colonize the Moon and Mars—and in the process revitalize the<br />
economy and restore the nation's cultural optimism.<br />
38 Space Commission Chairman Talks About America in Space<br />
An interview with Tom Paine, former NASA administrator and chairman<br />
<strong>of</strong> the National Commission on Space.<br />
40 Breakthrough Near in Search for AIDS Vaccine<br />
by John Grauerholz, M.D.<br />
A new medical discovery promises not only to detect carriers <strong>of</strong> the<br />
AIDS virus, but also to prevent these carriers from developing the lethal<br />
disease.<br />
News<br />
8<br />
9<br />
10<br />
11<br />
14<br />
17<br />
45<br />
48<br />
50<br />
54<br />
NUCLEAR REPORT<br />
Chernobyl and the 'Big Lie' About U.S. Nuclear Safety<br />
An Interview with Dr. Joseph M. Hendrie<br />
An Interview with Dr. Richard Wilson<br />
FUSION REPORT<br />
Fusion at the 'Breakout' Point<br />
Laser Fusion in Japan:<br />
A U.S. Laser Scientist Reports<br />
CONFERENCE REPORT<br />
<strong>Pasteur</strong>'s Method Revived in FEF Paris Conference<br />
BEAM TECHNOLOGY REPORT<br />
Teller Confirms X-ray Laser Breakthrough<br />
LLNL Announces Breakthrough In Free Electron Laser Work<br />
THE YOUNG SCIENTIST<br />
Nuclear Safety: Chernobyl Vs. Western Reactors<br />
<strong>The</strong> Fall Sky: Viewing Andromeda and Pegasus<br />
Departments<br />
2 EDITORIAL<br />
3 LETTERS<br />
4 VIEWPOINT<br />
6 NEWS BRIEFS<br />
56 BOOKS<br />
60 BOOKS RECEIVED<br />
EDITORIAL STAFF<br />
Editor-in-Chief<br />
Carol White<br />
Managing Editor<br />
Marjorie Mazel Hecht<br />
Fusion Technology Editor<br />
Charles B. Stevens<br />
Washington Editor<br />
Marsha Freeman<br />
Engineering Editor<br />
Thoula Frangos<br />
Books Editor<br />
David Cherry<br />
Art Director<br />
Alan Yue<br />
Photo Editor<br />
Carlos de Hoyos<br />
Advertising Manager<br />
Joseph Cohen<br />
(703)771-7000<br />
Circulation and Subscription Manager<br />
Joseph Jennings<br />
(703)771-8432<br />
FUSION (ISSN 0148-0537) is published 6 times<br />
a year every other month, by the Fusion Energy<br />
Foundation, P.O. Box 17149, Washington, D.C.<br />
20041-0149. Tel. (703) 771-7000. Dedicated to<br />
providing accurate and comprehensive information<br />
on advanced energy technologies and policies,<br />
FUSION is committed to restoring American scientific<br />
and technological leadership. FUSION coverage<br />
<strong>of</strong> the frontiers <strong>of</strong> science focuses on the<br />
self-developing qualities <strong>of</strong> the physical universe<br />
in such areas as plasma physics—the basis for<br />
fusion power—as well as biology and microphysics,<br />
and includes ground-breaking studies <strong>of</strong> the<br />
historical development <strong>of</strong> science and technology.<br />
<strong>The</strong> views <strong>of</strong> the FEF are stated in the editorials.<br />
Opinions expressed in articles are not necessarily<br />
those <strong>of</strong> the FEF directors or advisory board.<br />
Subscriptions by mail are $20 for 6 issues or<br />
$38 for 12 issues in the USA. Airmail subscriptions<br />
to other countries are $40 for 6 issues.<br />
Address all correspondence to FUSION, P.O.<br />
Box 17149, Washington, D.C. 20041-0149.<br />
Second class postage paid at Washington, D.C.<br />
and additional mailing <strong>of</strong>fices. POSTMASTER: Send<br />
address changes to FUSION, P.O. Box 17149,<br />
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Copyright I 1986<br />
Fusion Energy Foundation<br />
Printed in the USA<br />
All Flights Reserved<br />
ISSN 0148-0537 USPS 437-370<br />
On the cover: Portrait <strong>of</strong> <strong>Pasteur</strong> in his laboratory,<br />
by M. Edelfelt, in the <strong>Pasteur</strong> Museum<br />
<strong>of</strong> the <strong>Pasteur</strong> Institute in Paris.